高考英语阅读理解B篇 记叙文（八） -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦记叙文阅读，通过4篇外刊改编文本（含人物故事、文化保护等主题），系统提炼细节理解、推理判断等题型解法，逻辑递进培养语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |细节理解|4题（每篇1题）|定位原文关键信息|从具体信息提取到深层含义推断，符合阅读认知规律| |推理判断|4题（每篇1题）|结合上下文合理推断|基于文本细节进行逻辑分析，提升思维品质| |词义猜测|1题（Passage2）|根据语境推测词义|通过上下文语境理解词汇，强化语言能力| |主旨大意|4题（每篇1题）|概括全文核心主旨|从局部信息到整体把握，培养文化意识|

高三 一轮复习专项｜阅读理解B篇 记叙文 Passage 1（外刊改编 · 少年考场舍身救人，收获另一份满分） Passage 2（外刊改编 · 退休工程师改造老旧公园，打造儿童自然乐园） Passage 3（外刊改编 · 青年摄影师定格乡村老手艺） Passage 4（外刊改编 · 古籍修复师，在破损书页间留住历史） Passage 1（外刊改编 · 少年考场舍身救人，收获另一份满分） When 18‑year‑old Jonah got on a shared ride on the morning of his important college‑entry exam, he had fully prepared himself for the big day. His notebooks were packed, and he had reviewed key points late into the night. Nothing on his schedule suggested that his whole plan would be turned upside‑down within minutes. Minutes after the car pulled onto the highway, the boy sitting beside him suddenly lost consciousness. His breathing became weak and unstable. The driver hesitated, wondering whether to rush to the examination centre or head for the hospital. Without the slightest hesitation, Jonah told the driver to drive straight to the nearest hospital. He carried out first‑aid moves he had learned from a school safety course. While waiting for doctors, he kept talking gently to calm the patient. By the time the emergency treatment was finished, the exam had already started. There was no way for Jonah to arrive before the gate closed. Many people felt sorry for him. Unexpectedly, the exam committee offered him a chance to take a special make‑up test weeks later. Jonah said he had never regretted his split‑second decision. “Exams can be retaken, but a human life cannot,” he told reporters. His brave choice taught him a valuable lesson about responsibility, which some people regarded as a special perfect score far beyond any paper‑and‑pen test. 1. What had Jonah planned to do that morning at first? A. Take part in his college‑entry examination B. Attend a first‑aid safety training course C. Visit a sick friend in the nearby hospital D. Pick up his classmates at the highway station 2. What did Jonah do when his classmate passed out? A. He called his teacher for further instructions B. He insisted on arriving at the exam centre on time C. He asked the driver to send the sick boy to hospital D. He searched for doctors along the highway 3. What can we infer from the story? A. Jonah finished the exam before the gate was closed B. Jonah’s quick action won him a chance for a make‑up test C. The driver refused to change the original route at first D. The patient recovered completely immediately after treatment 4. What is the best title for the passage? A. An Unforgettable Drive on the Highway B. A Brave Choice Beyond Examination Papers C. How to Perform First‑aid for Passengers D. Why College Exams Should Be Retaken Passage 2（外刊改编 · 退休工程师改造老旧公园，打造儿童自然乐园） After retiring from an engineering company, 67‑year‑old Ethan found himself troubled by a small park near his neighbourhood. The park had been built thirty years ago. Its wooden facilities were worn out, most plants were poorly cared for, and there was no special area where children could get close to nature. Local parents often complained that the park was boring and unsafe. Instead of simply complaining, Ethan made up his mind to change the park little by little. He drew a set of low‑cost renovation plans in his spare time. He designed small wooden bridges, bug‑watching corners and native‑plant gardens. He did not ask the local government for large amounts of money. He posted his project online and called for hands‑on volunteers. Soon dozens of neighbors responded. Teenagers helped clear rubbish. Gardeners donated native seeds. Carpenters offered spare wood and basic skills. Every weekend, the group gathered in the park and worked together. Ethan made sure all new equipment was safe for little kids. Months later, the once‑forgotten park took on a brand‑new look. Now the park has become a popular spot for families. Ethan says great community changes do not always require huge budgets. Sometimes, all a neighbourhood needs is one person brave enough to take the first small step. 1. What was the main problem with the old park? A. It was too far away from the neighbourhood B. Its facilities were old and lacked nature‑themed areas for kids C. It had no parking space for parents’ cars D. Its ticket price was too high for local families 2. How did Ethan carry out his park‑renewal project? A. He persuaded the government to provide plenty of money B. He advertised the park on social‑media for tourists C. He designed plans and invited neighbors to volunteer D. He hired professional workers to finish all the work 3. The underlined word “renovation” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ______. A. repair and improvement B. sale and exchange C. transport and delivery D. observation and research 4. Which of the following best describes Ethan? A. Strict and selfish B. Creative and practical C. Silent and pessimistic D. Careless and impatient Passage 3（外刊改编 · 青年摄影师定格乡村老手艺） When Leo graduated from college, he turned down several well‑paid jobs in big‑city companies. Instead, he packed his camera and moved back to his quiet hometown in the countryside. Most of his friends felt confused about his decision. They believed there were few chances for young people to make a career in rural areas. Leo’s real goal was to record traditional handicrafts that were slowly disappearing. In his childhood, he had watched local craftsmen make bamboo baskets, hand‑carved wooden tools and hand‑woven cloth. Now fewer young villagers wanted to learn those time‑consuming skills. Without records, those wonderful skills might vanish forever. He visited elderly craftsmen one by one. He sat patiently for hours, listening to their life stories and taking photos of their working moments. At first, some old craftsmen felt shy in front of the camera. They doubted whether anyone in the modern world would care about their old‑fashioned work. Leo spent plenty of time chatting and winning their trust. Later, he posted his photographs online. Unexpectedly, thousands of netizens were touched. Some young people even travelled to the village to learn the handicrafts. Leo never expected such a big influence. He has learned that culture protection is not only the job of experts. Every ordinary young person can use his own strength to keep warm memories alive. 1. What did Leo choose to do after graduation? A. He took a high‑paying position in a big‑city firm B. He returned to his hometown to record fading traditional crafts C. He opened a photography studio for tourists in big cities D. He taught photography skills for village children 2. Why were some elderly craftsmen unwilling to be photographed at first? A. They worried their handicrafts would be copied illegally B. They thought no modern‑day people would value their old skills C. They were too busy making goods to spare time D. They refused to let strangers enter their private houses 3. What can we infer from the passage? A. Leo made large amounts of money by selling his photos online B. All the old handicrafts have been completely lost in the village C. Leo’s online photos drew some young people back to the village D. Most of Leo’s college classmates supported his decision at first 4. What message does the story convey? A. Only professional experts can protect traditional culture well B. Young people should give up city jobs and live in villages C. Modern technology makes all old‑style handicrafts useless D. Every ordinary person can contribute to cultural protection Passage 4（外刊改编 · 古籍修复师，在破损书页间留住历史） Olivia works as a book restorer in a city library. Few people know about her special job. Most visitors imagine that library workers only lend books and tidy shelves. In fact, Olivia spends most of her working hours in a quiet room full of ancient, damaged pages. Some old books have broken pages, mould stains or holes eaten by insects. Once‑clear handwriting has turned faint over hundreds of years. Olivia cannot use modern strong glue. She must choose ancient‑style paper and mild glue similar to the materials used long ago. Every tiny piece of broken page needs careful matching. One wrong move may cause permanent damage. The work is slow and repetitive. It often takes weeks or even months to finish one old book. Many young people gave up this job because they could not stand long hours of silent, detailed work. Olivia never lost interest. For her, each repaired page carries pieces of forgotten history. Recently, she has started short public‑open classes. She invites teenagers into her workshop to watch simple repairing steps. She hopes more young people can notice this hidden occupation. History will not disappear, as long as a group of people are willing to sit quietly and protect it page by page. 1. What do most people think library workers mainly do? A. Repair ancient broken‑page books B. Lend books and keep shelves in order C. Give public lessons to teenagers D. Collect old books from old families 2. Why is Olivia’s repairing job challenging? A. She has no modern high‑tech repairing equipment B. She must use proper old‑style materials and operate with extreme care C. The library does not offer enough money to buy new‑type glue D. Most ancient books cannot be touched by human hands 3. What can we infer about Olivia? A. She enjoys quiet, patient and detailed work B. She earns a large amount of money from repairing books C. She has given many‑hour‑long online livestreams for teenagers D. She plans to give up her job and find a more exciting occupation 4. What is the main purpose of Olivia’s open classes? A. To sell old rare books to teenagers B. To attract more young people to know about book restoration C. To raise money for the city public library D. To teach teenagers how to collect ancient books 参考答案与解析 Passage1 答案：1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 1.答案：A 解析：细节理解题。定位第一段“he had fully prepared himself for the big day”，结合上下文可知，他原本计划参加升学考试。其余选项文中未提及。 2.答案：C 解析：细节理解题。定位第二段“Jonah told the driver to drive straight to the nearest hospital.”，他要求司机立刻送生病同学前往医院。 3.答案：B 解析：推理判断题。定位第三段“the exam committee offered him a chance to take a special make‑up test weeks later.” Jonah果断救人的行为，让他获得补考机会。A与原文相反；C文中没有提到司机一开始拒绝改路线；D“立刻完全康复”原文没有说明。 4.答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。全文讲述少年为救人错过考试，做出超越试卷分数的勇敢抉择。其余选项只能概括局部片段。 Passage2 答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 1.答案：B 解析：细节理解题。定位第一段“The park had been built thirty years ago. Its wooden facilities were worn out… there was no special area where children could get close to nature.”公园设施老旧，缺少可供孩子亲近自然的区域。 2.答案：C 解析：细节理解题。定位第二段“He drew a set of low‑cost renovation plans… called for hands‑on volunteers.”他自己设计改造方案，号召邻居志愿者共同参与。 3.答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据上下文，Ethan打算翻新老旧公园，renovation意为“修缮、改造升级”。 4.答案：B 解析：人物性格推断题。Ethan自己设计低成本方案，发动邻里一起改造公园，体现富有创造力并且务实肯干。其余形容词不符合人物形象。 Passage3 答案：1.B 2.B 3.C 4.D 1.答案：B 解析：细节理解题。定位第一段、第二段，Leo拒绝大城市高薪工作，回到家乡，用相机记录正在慢慢消失的传统手艺。其余选项与原文不符。 2.答案：B 解析：细节理解题。定位第三段“They doubted whether anyone in the modern world would care about their old‑fashioned work.”老匠人一开始害羞，认为现代人不会在意他们老旧的手艺。 3.答案：C 解析：推理判断题。定位第四段“Some young people even travelled to the village to learn the handicrafts.”他发到网上的照片吸引部分年轻人来到村庄学习老手艺。A售卖照片赚大钱无依据；B手艺已经全部消失错误；D大部分同学一开始支持，与原文相反。 4.答案：D 解析：主旨大意题。文章最后点明：文化保护不只是专家的工作，每一个普通人都可以尽自己一份力。A表述绝对；B并不是要求年轻人全部回乡村；C观点错误。 Passage4 答案：1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 1.答案：B 解析：细节理解题。定位第一段“Most visitors imagine that library workers only lend books and tidy shelves.”大多数人以为图书馆员工主要就是借书、整理书架。 2.答案：B 解析：细节理解题。定位第二段“Olivia cannot use modern strong glue. She must choose ancient‑style paper and mild glue… One wrong move may cause permanent damage.”修复古籍必须选用传统材料，操作极度谨慎。 3.答案：A 解析：推理判断题。定位第三段“The work is slow and repetitive… Olivia never lost interest.”这份工作漫长枯燥，但她始终热爱，可以推断她享受安静、耐心、注重细节的工作。B高薪无依据；C直播文中未提到；D放弃工作与原文相反。 4.答案：B 解析：细节理解题。定位最后一段“She hopes more young people can notice this hidden occupation.”开设公开课，目的是让更多年轻人了解古籍修复这份职业。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $