内容正文:
答案解析
一、单项选择
1.答案:D。解析:my baseball是单数,要用Where's(Where is)提问位置;答句用it指代单数棒球,It's=It is。A缺少be动词;B的Its是物主代词“它的”,不能作谓语;C用于复数名词,排除。
2.答案:C。解析:动词see后接人称代词宾格,pens为复数,宾格用them;答句用They're指代复数钢笔。they是主格不能作宾语,it's指代单数,排除ABD。
3.答案:B。解析:第一空后面有名词eraser,用形容词性物主代词your修饰名词;第二空后无名词,用名词性物主代词hers,hers=her eraser。her是形容词性物主代词后面必须接名词;yours后不能接名词;you为人称代词,排除ACD。
4.答案:C。解析:第一空后没有名词,用名词性物主代词yours,yours=your books;问句these books是复数,回答用they指代,they're=they are。your后面必须接名词;it's指代单数,排除ABD。
5.答案:C。解析:第一空修饰名词dictionary,用形容词性物主代词your;第二空无名词,用名词性物主代词hers,hers=her dictionary。yours不能修饰名词;her后需要接名词,排除ABD。
6.答案:B。解析:第一空修饰名词短语favorite activity,用形容词性物主代词your;第二空在句中作主语,用人称代词主格I。you为人称代词不能修饰名词;My是物主代词不能作主语,排除ACD。
7.答案:B。解析:固定搭配belong to后面接人称代词宾格,表示“属于……”,her是she的宾格。hers名词性物主代词;she主格;she's=she is,均不能放在介词to后,排除ACD。
8.答案:B。解析:Is that…?的一般疑问句,回答要用it代替that,不能用that作答,肯定回答Yes, it is。A、C主语是人,问句主语不是人;D不能用that回答,排除ACD。
9.答案:D。解析:and连接并列谓语,put是过去式,所以动词用took;“动词+副词”短语,代词宾格必须放短语中间;toy cars是复数,宾格用them,即took them apart。A、C代词位置错误;B的it指代单数,排除ABC。
10.答案:D。解析:第一空修饰名词class,用形容词性物主代词her;固定结构make sb. do sth,make后接人称代词宾格us。she、we都是主格,不能作宾语,排除ABC。
11.答案:A。解析:let后面接人称代词宾格,him是he的宾格。he为主格;his形容词性物主代词;hers名词性物主代词,排除BCD。
12.答案:C。解析:try on属于“动词+副词”短语,代词宾格放中间;the pair of gloves手套为复数,宾格用them,即try them on。B、D代词位置错误;A的it指代单数,排除ABD。
13.答案:A。解析:第一空修饰名词books,用形容词性物主代词Their;第二空在句首作主语,用人称代词主格They。Their不能做主语;Its指代单数,排除BCD。
14.答案:B。解析:第一空修饰名词schoolbag,用形容词性物主代词Her;第二空作句子主语,用人称代词主格She。She主格不能修饰名词;Hers名词性物主代词不能作主语,排除ACD。
15.答案:B。解析:介绍他人固定句型this is…;第二空指代女生Sonia,在句中作主语,用主格She。A、D语序错误;it不指代人,排除ACD。
16.答案:A。解析:第一空It is a cat表示“它是一只猫”;第二空修饰名词name,用物主代词its,意为“它的”。Its是物主代词不能作谓语;C、D第二空语法错误,排除BCD。
17.答案:D。解析:第一空后没有名词,名词性物主代词yours,yours=your camera;介词for后面接人称代词宾格him。your后面要接名词;he是主格不能放for后面,排除ABC。
18.答案:D。解析:介词about后面接宾格;指代your brother男性,宾格用him。me我;her她;you你,均不符合句意,排除ABC。
19.答案:D。解析:let后面用人称代词宾格;多个人并列,把人名放前面,I变为宾格me,即my sister and me。A中I是主格;B、C人称顺序错误,排除ABC。
20.答案:D。解析:动词know后接宾格him;第二空修饰名词classmate,用形容词性物主代词my。he是主格;I、me为人称代词不能修饰名词,排除ABC。
21.答案:A。解析:动词give后接宾格her;第二空修饰名词old one,用形容词性物主代词Her。she为主格;She's=she is;Hers不能修饰名词,排除BCD。
22.答案:B。解析:help为动词,动词后接宾格;根据句意是“你可以帮我吗”,宾格用me。I、she是主格;her与语境不符,排除ACD。
23.答案:C。解析:问句主语是your name,回答需要用it代替名字,肯定回答Yes, it is。A、B用来回答Are you…?;D不能用that作答,排除ABD。
24.答案:C。解析:These are用于介绍家人;第二空作主语用主格They;动词love后面接宾格them。This搭配is;those、it语义语法错误,排除ABD。
25.答案:C。解析:动词tell后接人称代词宾格us。our形容词性物主代词;we主格;ours名词性物主代词,排除ABD。
26.答案:D。解析:固定搭配find one’s way,主语是us,对应形容词性物主代词our。their他们的;her她的;his他的,语义不符,排除ABC。
27.答案:C。解析:第一空后面没有名词,yours=your pen;第二空修饰名词schoolbag,用形容词性物主代词my。you为人称代词不能独立指代物品;mine后面不能接名词,排除ABD。
28.答案:D。解析:介词at后面接人称代词宾格me。I主格;mine名词性物主代词;my形容词性物主代词,排除ABC。
29.答案:A。解析:look after动词短语后面接宾格;指代Tom’s sister女生,宾格her。he、she为主格;him指代男性,排除BCD。
30.答案:D。解析:those后面接复数名词erasers;Are those…?的肯定简短回答,句末不能缩写,只能写Yes, they are。A选项they're是缩写不能放句末;B、C名词用单数,排除ABC。
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.答案:hers。解析:空格后没有名词,使用名词性物主代词,hers=her pencil。
2.答案:our。解析:修饰后面名词短语new English teacher,用形容词性物主代词our。
3.答案:him。解析:动词help后面接人称代词宾格,he的宾格形式是him。
4.答案:your。解析:修饰名词books,用形容词性物主代词your。
5.答案:Its。解析:修饰名词tail,用物主代词its表示“它的”,位于句首首字母大写。
6.答案:Their。解析:修饰名词names,用形容词性物主代词their,句首首字母大写。
7.答案:me。解析:介词at后面接人称代词宾格,I的宾格是me。
8.答案:his。解析:空格后无名词,名词性物主代词his,his=his ruler。
9.答案:They。解析:本空作句子的主语,要用人称代词主格,them的主格是They,句首大写。
10.答案:theirs。解析:后面没有名词,名词性物主代词theirs,theirs=their toy cars。
11.答案:us。解析:let后面接人称代词宾格,we的宾格是us。
12.答案:me。解析:动词give后接宾格,I的宾格是me。
13.答案:him。解析:动词see后面接宾格,he的宾格是him。
14.答案:These。解析:be动词为are,this的复数形式These,句首首字母大写。
15.答案:my; Mine。解析:第一空修饰名词eraser,形容词性物主代词my;第二空后面无名词,名词性物主代词Mine,句首大写,Mine=my eraser。
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外研版(新教材)七年级上册Unit 1 A new start语法讲练
人称代词、物主代词和指示代词
核心语法1:人称代词(主格&宾格)
知识点1 核心语法讲解
人称代词用来指代人或事物,分为主格和宾格:主格在句子中作主语,宾格在句子中作宾语。
人称
数
主格(作主语)
宾格(作宾语)
第一人称
单数
I
me
复数
we
us
第二人称
单数
you
you
复数
you
you
第三人称
单数
he
him
she
her
it
it
复数
they
them
知识点2 重点规则&易错点
1. 主格:作句子主语(动作的发出者),通常放在谓语动词前面。
- I am a worker. 我是一名工人。
- Are you a doctor? 你是一名医生吗?
- It’s a big box. 这是一个大盒子。
2. 宾格:作句子宾语(动作的承受者),放在动词或介词后面。
- Give me a pencil, please! 请给我一支铅笔。(动词give后用宾格)
- The skirt is for you. 这条裙子是给你的。(介词for后用宾格)
- We can take the dog with us. 我们可以带狗一起去。(介词with后用宾格)
> ⚠️ 易错警示:“动词+副词”短语,代词宾格必须放中间。
> pick up the book = pick it up ✔;pick up it ❌
3. 多个人称代词并列作主语的顺序
- 单数并列: 第二人称 → 第三人称 → 第一人称 (You, he and I...)
- 复数并列: 第一人称 → 第二人称 → 第三人称 (We, you and they...)
⚠️ 特例: 只有在承认错误或承担责任时,为了表示担当,会将 I 放在最前面(如:I and he broke the window.),但在常规考试和日常表达中,优先遵循上述礼貌原则。
核心语法2:物主代词(形容词性&名词性)
知识点1 核心语法讲解
物主代词表示“……的”,用来表明所属关系,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
人称
数
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一人称
单数
my
mine
复数
our
ours
第二人称
单数
your
yours
复数
your
yours
第三人称
单数
his
his
her
hers
its
its
复数
their
theirs
知识点2 重点辨析&必考易错点
1. 形容词性物主代词
相当于形容词,后面必须接名词,不能单独使用,用来修饰名词。
- It is my new bike. 这是我的新自行车。(my修饰名词bike)
- Miss Li is our English teacher. 李老师是我们的英语老师。
2. 名词性物主代词
本身相当于“形容词性物主代词 + 前文提到过的名词”,后面不能再接名词,可以单独使用;在句中可作主语、宾语、表语。
- My bag is black. Hers is blue. 我的包是黑色的,她的(包)是蓝色的。(Hers = Her bag)
- I don’t like my dress. I like yours. 我不喜欢我的裙子,我喜欢你的(裙子)。(yours = your dress)
- The blue jacket is mine. 这件蓝色夹克是我的。(mine = my jacket)
⚠️ 易错警示(七年级必考)
① its vs it's
its:物主代词,意为它的(无撇号)→ The cat washes its face. 小猫洗它的脸。
it's = it is 的缩写,意为它是 → It's a cat. 它是一只猫。
② a friend of mine 我的一位朋友,of后要用名词性物主代词。
核心语法3:指示代词(this/that/these/those)
知识点1 核心语法讲解
指示代词用来指代人或事物,体现距离远近。
单词
含义
使用场景
单数
this
这
离说话人近的单数人/物
that
那
离说话人远的单数人/物
复数
these
这些
离说话人近的复数人/物
those
那些
离说话人远的复数人/物
知识点2 核心必考规则
1. 作主语时的主谓搭配
this / that + be动词 is;these / those + be动词 are
- This is my pen, and that is yours. 这是我的钢笔,那是你的。
- These are our books. Those are their books. 这些是我们的书。那些是他们的书。
2. 用于介绍人、评价事情
- 介绍近处单个人:This is my sister Lucy. 这是我的妹妹露西。
- 介绍近处多个人:These are my parents. 这是我的父母。
- —Let’s play badminton! 我们去打羽毛球吧!
—That’s a good idea. 那是个好主意。
3. 指示代词一般疑问句的回答(高频陷阱)
⚠️ 不能用this / that / these / those回答,要用it或者they替代。
- —Is this your pen? 这是你的钢笔吗?
—Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
- —Are those your books? 那些是你的书吗?
—Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
4. 电话固定用语(仅限打电话场景,普通句子不适用)
this指代自己,that指代对方
- Hello! This is Tina speaking. 你好!我是蒂娜。
- —Hello! Is that John? 你好!请问是约翰吗?
—Yes, speaking. 是的,请讲。
⚠️ 补充:that/those可以避免名词重复
The ruler is longer than that one. 这把尺子比那把长。
📌 课堂总结口诀
主格句首做主语,宾格动介后面立;
形物代词带名词,名物代词独立起;
this近that远,these/those是复数;
问句this/that,回答要用it;问句these/those,回答要用they。
考点精练
一、单项选择(共30小题)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
( )1.— _________ my baseball?
— _________ under the chair.
A.Where; It’s B.Where’s; Its
C.Where are; They’re D.Where’s; It’s
( )2.—Mum I can’t find my pens. Do you see ________?
—________ in your pencil box!
A.they; They’re B.they; It’s C.them; They’re D.them; It’s
( )3.—Tom, is this________ eraser? —No, it’s not mine. It is ________.
A.your; her B.your; hers C.yours; her D.you; hers
( )4.—Jack, are these books ________?
—No, ________ John’s.
A.yours; it’s B.your; they’re C.yours; they’re D.your; it’s
( )5.—Helen, is this ________ dictionary?
—No. Look! Here is Linda’s name. It’s ________.
A.your;her B.yours;hers C.your;hers D.yours;her
( )6.—What is ________ favorite activity, John?
—________ like playing table tennis best. It’s fun.
A.you, My B.your, I C.you, I D.your, My
( )7.— Look at the book! Whose is it? — Ask Mary. I think it must belong to ________.
A.hers B.her C.she D.she’s
( )8.—Is that your pen friend, Mike?
—________.
A.No, I’m not. B.Yes, it is. C.Yes, I am. D.No, that isn’t.
( )9.To learn how these toy cars work, he ________ and put them back together.
A.took apart them B.took it apart C.took apart it D.took them apart
( )10.Miss Li always starts ________ class with an English song. It makes ________ feel happy to have English lessons.
A.she; we B.she; us C.her; we D.her; us
( )11.—Don’t let ________ play soccer in the street. It’s too dangerous.
—OK.
A.him B.he C.his D.hers
( )12.—I love the pair of gloves so much. Can I _________?
—Yes, of course. Here you are.
A.try it on B.try on it C.try them on D.try on them
( )13.________ books aren’t red. ________ are white.
A.Their, They B.Their, Their C.They, They D.Its, It
( )14.________ schoolbag is white. ________ likes it very much.
A.She; Her B.Her; She C.Hers; She D.Her; Hers
( )15.—Jim, ________ is Sonia. ________ is my good friend.
—Nice to meet you, Sonia!
A.he; This B.this; She C.it; She D.she; This
( )16.________ a cat. We do not know ________ name.
A.It is, its B.Its, it is C.It is, it is D.It is, is
( )17.—There are two cameras in your flat. Is that white one ________?
—No, it is my brother’s. My mother bought it for ________ a week ago.
A.yours; he B.your; he C.your; him D.yours; him
( )18.—Andy, where is your brother? Why doesn’t he come home with you today?
—Mom, don’t worry about ________. It’s his turn to clean the classroom today.
A.me B.her C.you D.him
( )19.Let ________ look after grandparents at home.
A.my sister and I B.me and my sister C.I and my sister D.my sister and me
( )20.— Look at the boy under the tree, do you know _________?
— Yes, he is _________classmate.
A.he; my B.him; I C.he; me D.him; my
( )21.It’s my mother’s birthday. My father will give ________ a new handbag as a birthday present. ________ old one is too old.
A.her; Her B.her; She’s C.she; Her D.she; Hers
( )22.—Shirley, I can’t say it in English. Can you help ________ with it?
—Yes, it’s a quilt.
A.I B.me C.she D.her
( )23.—Is your name Tina? —________.
A.Yes, I am B.No, I'm not. C.Yes, it is. D.No, that isn't.
( )24.________ are my family. ________ are very friendly and I love ________ very much.
A.This; They; them B.They; those; it
C.These; They; them D.Those; these; it
( )25.Can you tell ________ how long it takes to get to your home?
A.our B.we C.us D.ours
( )26.China’s Beidou(北斗卫星导航系统) has “bright eyes”. It can help us find ________ way easily.
A.their B.her C.his D.our
( )27.—My pen is on the table. What about ________?
—It’s in ________ schoolbag.
A.your; you B.you; your C.yours; my D.you; mine
( )28.Why are you looking at ________ like that?
A.I B.mine C.my D.me
( )29.Tom’s sister doesn’t feel well today. He has to look after ________ at home.
A.her B.he C.him D.she
( )30.— Are those your ________?
— Yes, ________.
A.erasers; they're B.eraser; it is C.eraser; it's D.erasers; they are
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空(共15小题)
1. This is not my pencil. It’s ________ (she).
2. We love ________ (we) new English teacher. She is nice.
3. Don’t shout at the boy. Please help ________ (he).
4. —Are these ________ (you) books? —No, they aren’t.
5. The cat is cute. ________ (it) tail is white.
6. These are my friends. ________ (they) names are Tom and Jim.
7. Please look at ________ (I). Can you see me clearly?
8. —Is this ruler ________ (he)? —Yes, it is.
9. Look at those girls. ________ (them) are from No.1 Middle School.
10. The toy cars are ________ (they). They are on the desk.
11. Let ________ (we) go to the playground together.
12. My mother gives ________ (I) a new bag on my birthday.
13. —Who is the man over there? Can you see ________ (he)?
14. ________ (this) are my family photos.
15. That is not ________ (I) eraser. ________ (I) is in my pencil-box.
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