Unit 2 Hobbies 单元语法：行为动词的一般现在时专项精讲精练2026-2027 学年译林版七年级上册英语

答案解析 一、单项选择（共20小题） 1.答案：D。解析：主语Lily是第三人称单数，特殊疑问句助动词用does；答句主语She是三单，谓语动词go变三单goes。 2.答案：C。解析：主语Mike是第三人称单数，and连接并列谓语，两个动词都变三单，study变studies，do变does。 3.答案：C。解析：主语Lily（one of my best friends核心主语是Lily）为三单，often是一般现在时标志，fly变三单flies。 4.答案：B。解析：第一空Does为助动词，后面动词用原形teach；第二空主语she是三单，谓语动词用teaches。 5.答案：D。解析：not…at all意为“一点也不”；主语my younger brother是三单，借助doesn’t，后接动词原形enjoy。 6.答案：B。解析：本句描述客观真理，用一般现在时；主语water是不可数名词，属于三单，turn变为turns。 7.答案：B。解析：主语The tiger是三单，否定借助doesn’t，后接动词原形eat；第二空主语It是三单，谓语动词用eats。 8.答案：B。解析：usually是一般现在时标志，主语I非三单，谓语动词用原形visit。 9.答案：A。解析：主语My parents是复数，一般现在时谓语动词用原形live。 10.答案：C。解析：always是一般现在时标志，主语Tom是三单，wash变为三单washes。 11.答案：B。解析：第一空主语I非三单，动词用原形read；and后分句主语my brother是三单，listen变为listens。 12.答案：C。解析：主语I非三单，用动词原形have；主语Linda是三单，have变三单has。 13.答案：C。解析：句中有实义动词have，主语you，一般疑问句用助动词Do；第二空my friend是三单，have变has。 14.答案：B。解析：look like是实义动词短语，主语your sister是三单，特殊疑问句借助助动词does。 15.答案：B。解析：often为一般现在时标志，主语Ben’s brother是三单，fix变三单fixes。 16.答案：D。解析：主语No one else视作第三人称单数，本句为一般现在时，dance变为dances。 17.答案：D。解析：句中有实义动词have，主语he是三单，疑问句用助动词does；答句主语he三单，have变has。 18.答案：D。解析：此处does用来替代上文“have a soccer”，避免重复，主语Mike是三单，用does。 19.答案：B。解析：第一空问句以Does开头，简答用does；第二空主语They是复数，谓语动词用原形look。 20.答案：B。解析：主语your brother是三单，第一空助动词用does；助动词后实义动词必须用原形do。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15小题） 1.答案：tells。解析：often是一般现在时标志，主语My grandma是三单，tell变三单tells。 2.答案：play。解析：主语They是复数，every Saturday afternoon为一般现在时标志，谓语用动词原形play。 3.答案：doesn’t sing。解析：主语The bird是三单，否定借助doesn’t，后面动词用原形sing。 4.答案：Does；love。解析：主语your brother是三单，一般疑问句助动词用Does，助动词后动词用原形love。 5.答案：finishes。解析：主语Every student视作第三人称单数，一般现在时，finish变三单finishes。 6.答案：don’t watch。解析：主语I非三单，否定借助don’t，后面动词用原形watch。 7.答案：visit。解析：主语Linda and her classmates是复数，once a term表经常性动作，谓语用原形visit。 8.答案：runs。解析：本句是客观事实，主语Water不可数名词（三单），run变三单runs。 9.答案：need。解析：主语You非三单，一般现在时，谓语动词用原形need。 10.答案：washes；drinks。解析：主语He是三单，and连接并列谓语，wash变washes，drink变drinks。 11.答案：does；do。解析：主语your father是三单，特殊疑问句助动词用does，助动词后实义动词用原形do。 12.答案：like。解析：主语Pandas是复数，一般现在时，谓语动词用原形like。 13.答案：draws。解析：every weekend是一般现在时标志，主语The little girl是三单，draw变draws。 14.答案：opens。解析：every morning为一般现在时标志，主语The shop是三单，open变opens。 15.答案：study。解析：主语My cousin and I是复数，every day表经常性动作，谓语用原形study。 三、句型转换（共10小题） 1.答案：don’t get。解析：原句主语I，行为动词一般现在时变否定，借助don’t，后面动词用原形get。 2.答案：Does；clean；she does。解析：主语she是三单，一般疑问句用Does，助动词后动词用原形clean；Does引导问句，肯定简答用Yes, she does。 3.答案：What do；play。解析：划线部分为动作play basketball，提问用What；主语they复数，助动词用do，动词还原play。 4.答案：doesn’t watch。解析：主语My brother三单，否定借助doesn’t，后面动词还原watch。 5.答案：What does；read。解析：划线部分reads English是动作，提问用What；主语the girl三单，助动词does，动词还原read。 6.答案：Do；do。解析：主语We变疑问句改为you，有实义动词do，复数主语助动词用Do，动词用原形do。 7.答案：Does；have；he doesn’t。解析：主语Tom三单，一般疑问句助动词Does，动词还原have；Does引导问句否定简答No, he doesn’t。 8.答案：don’t work。解析：主语His parents是复数，否定借助don’t，动词用原形work。 9.答案：Who/Whom do；go。解析：划线部分my sister是人，作介词with的宾语可用Who/Whom提问；主语you，助动词do，动词还原go。 10.答案：When does；play。解析：划线on Friday是时间，用When提问；主语the boy三单，助动词does，动词还原play。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版（新教材）七年级上册 Unit 2 Hobbies 单元核心语法精讲精练 核心语法：行为动词的一般现在时 知识点1 核心语法讲解 一般现在时可描述经常性、习惯性动作，个人爱好、状态或者客观事实，常搭配标志词：every day, often, usually, sometimes。 ✨ 核心前提： > 句子谓语是行为动词（实义动词，如 read, like, play）时，只有主语是第三人称单数，肯定句中的动词才要变三单；否定、疑问句借助助动词 do/does，后面行为动词一律还原成原形。 ✅ 先分清：什么是第三人称单数主语 1. 人称代词：he, she, it 2. 单个的人名、称谓：Daniel, Amy, my mum 3. 单数可数名词 / 不可数名词：the cat, water ❌ 不属于三单主语：I, you, we, they；复数名词（the students） 句型 结构说明 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词原形 / 动词三单 + 其他 • 主语为三单 → 动词变三单 • 主语非三单 → 动词用原形 I read every day. Daniel likes science. 否定句 主语 + don’t / doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 • 主语三单用 `doesn’t`；其余主语用 `don’t` • 助动词后动词必须用原形 We don't play every day. He doesn't swim on Monday. 一般疑问句 Do / Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ • 主语三单用 `Does`；其余主语用 `Do` —Do you paint? —Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. —Does Amy go swimming? —Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + Do / Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ What do you read? How often does he run? 💡 小提示：`do not = don’t`；`does not = doesn’t` 知识点2 动词第三人称单数变化规则 变化规则 讲解 例词 一般情况 动词后直接加 -s like → likes；read → reads 辅音字母 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i，再加 -es study → studies；fly → flies 元音字母(a/e/i/o/u)+y结尾 直接加 -s，y不变（和上一条对比记忆） play → plays；stay → stays ch / sh / ss / x 结尾 加 -es watch → watches；wash → washes；fix → fixes 辅音字母 + o结尾的动词 只有 go、do 两个动词加-es，其余此类动词直接加-s go → goes；do → does 不规则变化 不适用上面规则，需单独背诵 have → has 知识点3 高频易错辨析 (1) 助动词does / doesn’t 后面，行为动词必须还原为原形 ❌ He doesn't likes. ✔ He doesn't like. 解析：`doesn't` 是助动词does的否定形式，只要出现does/doesn’t，后面行为动词不能使用三单形式。 ❌ Does she reads? ✔ Does she read? 解析：Does放句首提问，后面的谓语动词只能用原形read。 (2) 一般疑问句简答，只用助动词do / does，不能重复原句行为动词 ❌ —Does he like drawing? —Yes, he likes. ✔ —Does he like drawing? —Yes, he does. 解析：简答只用助动词do/does呼应问句，不再重复原来的实义动词like。 考点精练 一、单项选择（共20小题） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ( )1．—How ________ Lily go to work? —She ________ to work by bike. A．does; go B．do; goes C．do; go D．does; goes 2．Mike usually ________ and ________ some washing at home. A．study, does B．studies, do C．studies, does D．study, do 3．Lily, one of my best friends, often ________ a kite on Sundays in spring. A．fly B．flying C．flies D．are flying 4．—Does your mother ________ science? —Yes, she does. She ________ science in Class 3. A．teaches; teach B．teach; teaches C．teach; teaching D．teaches; teaching 5．My sister likes painting pictures, but my younger brother ________ painting at all. A．enjoy B．enjoys C．isn’t enjoying D．doesn’t enjoy 6．When the temperature drops below 0℃, water ________ into ice. A．will turn B．turns C．is turning D．turned 7．The tiger ________ eat grass. It ________ meat. A．don’t; eats B．doesn’t; eats C．doesn’t; eat D．don’t; eat 8．—What do you usually do on weekends? —I usually ________ some museums with my grandpa. A．visited B．visit C．will visit D．am visiting 9．My parents ________ in Beijing. They love this city very much. A．live B．lives C．living D．to live 10．Tom always ________ his face in the morning and before bedtime. A．wash B．washing C．washes D．is washing 11．I usually ________ books before going to bed and my brother ________ to English stories. A．read, listen B．read, listens C．reads, listen D．reads, listens 12．I ________ an eraser and Linda ________ a ruler. A．have; have B．has; has C．have; has D．has; have 13．—________ you have a basketball? —No, I don’t. But my friend ________ one. A．Are, has B．Do, have C．Do, has D．Are, have 14．—What ________ your sister look like? —She is pretty and cute. A．is B．does C．do D．are 15．Ben’s brother often ________ the bikes for his neighbours. A．fix B．fixes C．is fixing D．will fix 16．Gary is the best dancer in my class. No one else ________ so well. A．danced B．is dancing C．dance D．dances 17．—When ________ he have P.E.? —He ________ it on Monday. A．do; has B．do; have C．does; have D．does; has 18．I don’t have a soccer, but my cousin Mike ________. A．is B．are C．do D．does 19．—Does Lucy look like Lily? —Yes, she ________. They ________ the same. A．does, looks B．does, look C．do, look D．do, looks 20．— What ________ your brother ________ in his free time? — He often plays basketball. A．do; do B．does; do C．do; does D．does; does 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15小题） 1. My grandma often ________ (tell) me interesting stories at night. 2. They ________ (play) badminton every Saturday afternoon. 3. The bird ________ (not sing) in winter. It stays in the nest. 4. —________ your brother ________ (love) sports? —Yes, he does. 5. Every student ________ (finish) homework on time in our class. 6. I ________ (not watch) TV on school days. 7. Linda and her classmates ________ (visit) the museum once a term. 8. Water ________ (run) down when it meets a slope. 9. You ________ (need) a new notebook for your English class. 10. He ________ (wash) his hands before meals and ________ (drink) a cup of water every morning. 11. —What ________ your father ________ (do) on Sundays? —He reads newspapers. 12. Pandas ________ (like) eating bamboo. 13. The little girl ________ (draw) pictures every weekend. 14. The shop ________ (open) at eight o’clock every morning. 15. My cousin and I ________ (study) English after dinner every day. 三、句型转换（共10小题） 按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。 1. I get up at six every morning.（改为否定句） I ______ ______ up at six every morning. 2. She cleans her room on Sundays.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答） —______ she ______ her room on Sundays? —Yes, ______ ______. 3. They play basketball after school.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ they ______ after school? 4. My brother watches TV every evening.（改为否定句） My brother ______ ______ TV every evening. 5. The girl reads English every day.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the girl ______ every day? 6. We do our homework after dinner.（改为一般疑问句） ______ you ______ your homework after dinner? 7. Tom has lunch at school.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答） —______ Tom ______ lunch at school? —No, ______ ______. 8. His parents work in a hospital.（改为否定句） His parents ______ ______ in a hospital. 9. I usually go to the park with my sister.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you usually ______ to the park with? 10. The boy plays football on Friday.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the boy ______ football? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $