Unit 2 The Universal Language 词形变化背诵单及巩固练习-2026-2027学年译林版（2020）高中英语选择性必修第一册

选择性必修一Unit2词形变化背诵单及巩固练习 一．重点词汇词形变化 1. pleasant adj. 令人愉快的；友好的 → please vt. 使满意；使愉快 → pleasure n. 高兴，愉快 2. dramatic adj. 激动人心的；戏剧的 → dramatically adv. 戏剧性地，显著地 3. transform vi. & vt. （使）变形，（使）改观 → transformation n. （彻底的）变化 4. distant adj. 遥远的，久远的；冷淡的 → distance n. 距离；远方 5. unique adj. 独特的，与众不同的 → uniquely adv. 特别地，不寻常地 → usual adj. 寻常的；通常的 6. expectation n. 预料，预期 → expect vt. 期待 7. remarkable adj. 非凡的，奇异的 → remark n. 评论；言论 8. enthusiastic adj. 热情的，热心的 → enthusiasm n. 热心，热忱 9. prediction n. 预言，预测 → predict vt. 预言，预测 → predictable adj. 可预测的 → unpredictable adj. 难以预料的 10. depress vt. 使抑郁；使萧条 → depressed adj. 沮丧的；萧条的 → depressing adj. 令人沮丧的 → depression n. 抑郁（症）；消沉；萧条期 11. desperate adj. 绝望的；不惜冒险的 → desperately adv. 绝望地；不惜冒险地 12. ease n. 容易；安逸　vi. & vt. （使）宽慰，减轻 → easy adj. 容易的 二．巩固练习 1. My grandparents took great ______ (please) in watching us play chess in the yard on summer evenings. 2. What makes the small town special is its ______ (unique) designed old streets, which attract photographers from all over the country. 3. The number of visitors to the museum has increased ______ (drama) since it opened to the public for free. 4. Suffering from ______ (depress) for years, the artist expressed his inner pain through a series of dark paintings. 5. What impressed us most was the ______ (remark) progress made by the student who used to be the weakest in our class. 6. According to the latest ______ (predict), robots will do most of the housework within twenty years, freeing people from boring tasks. 7. Our new English teacher is patient and ______ (please), so all of us enjoy her lively classes. 8. The explorer searched ______ (desperate) for water in the desert, his bottles having run dry two days earlier. 9. The documentary about ocean pollution was so ______ (depress) that many viewers left the cinema in low spirits. 10. It is not ______ (usual) to see snow in this southern city, so children get very excited whenever it happens. 11. Contrary to popular ______ (expect), the experiment, which had failed dozens of times, succeeded on the last try. 12. Scientists have found that the ______ (distant) between the earth and the moon increases by about four centimetres every year. 13. In the ______ (distance) future, cars may drive themselves and homes may manage themselves, according to some scientists. 14. After failing the exam for the third time, the boy ______ (depress) and refused to talk to anyone, which worried his parents a lot. 15. The shy boy spoke with such ______ (enthusiastic) about space travel that the whole class was attracted. 16. The old fishing village has undergone a complete ______ (transform) in recent years, with new roads, hotels and galleries appearing everywhere. 17. Many students find it hard to concentrate in class, but my deskmate can finish a difficult maths problem with ______ (easy). 18. The ending of the film was rather ______ (predict), so few people in the cinema felt surprised when the hero finally won. 19. The weather in the mountains is highly ______ (predict) — it can change from bright sunshine to a heavy storm within minutes. 20. The coach ______ (please) with the team's performance in the second half, though they lost the game in the end. 答案详解 1. pleasure 考查名词。take pleasure in (doing) sth."以……为乐"，固定短语；please→pleasure"高兴，愉快"。注意与 pleasant（形容词）区分。 2. uniquely 考查副词。修饰过去分词 designed 作状语，意为"独特地"；unique→uniquely。which 引导非限制性定语从句。 3. dramatically 考查副词。修饰动词 increased，意为"显著地"；dramatic→dramatically。since 引导时间状语从句。 4. depression 考查名词。suffer from 后接名词"抑郁，消沉"；depress→depression。Suffering... 现在分词短语作原因状语。 5. remarkable 考查形容词。修饰名词 progress 作定语；remark→remarkable"非凡的，卓越的"。made by... 过去分词短语作后置定语。 6. prediction 考查名词。the latest 后接名词；predict→prediction"预言，预测"。according to"根据"，固定搭配。 7. pleasant 考查形容词。与 patient 并列作表语；please→pleasant"令人愉快的，友好的"。 8. desperately 考查副词。修饰动词 searched，意为"绝望地，不顾一切地"；desperate→desperately。his bottles having run dry 为独立主格结构。 9. depressing 考查 -ing 形容词。so...that 结构；修饰事物（documentary）用 -ing 形式"令人沮丧的"；depress→depressing。 10. unusual 考查形容词。It is + adj. + to do 结构；usual→unusual（加否定前缀 un-）"不寻常的"。 11. expectation 考查名词。contrary to 后接名词"与……的预期相反"；expect→expectation。which 引导非限制性定语从句。 12. distance 考查名词。the 后接名词作宾语从句的主语；distant→distance"距离"。that 引导宾语从句，从句谓语 increases 用第三人称单数。 13. distant 考查形容词。修饰名词 future 作定语；distance→distant"遥远的"。in the distant future"在遥远的将来"。 14. was depressed 考查时态和 -ed 形容词。and 连接并列谓语，与 refused 保持一致用一般过去时；be depressed"感到沮丧"，说明人的感受。which 引导非限制性定语从句。注意与 depressing（令人沮丧的）区分。 15. enthusiasm 考查名词。such 后接名词；enthusiastic→enthusiasm"热情，热忱"。with such enthusiasm"满怀热情"；so...that 表结果。 16. transformation 考查名词。a complete 后接名词；transform→transformation"（彻底的）变化"。with 复合结构作伴随状语。 17. ease 考查名词。with ease"轻松地，毫不费力地"，固定短语；easy→ease。 18. predictable 考查形容词。rather 修饰形容词作表语；predict→predictable"可预测的"。so 引导结果状语从句。 19. unpredictable 考查形容词。highly 修饰形容词作表语；predict→unpredictable（加否定前缀 un-）"难以预料的"；破折号后举例说明。 20. was pleased 考查时态和 -ed 形容词。句中缺谓语动词，由下文 lost 可知为一般过去时；be pleased with"对……感到满意"；please→pleased。though 引导让步状语从句。注意与 pleasant（令人愉快的）、pleasure（名词）区分。 句子翻译 1. 夏日的傍晚，爷爷奶奶看着我们在院子里下棋，感到非常快乐。 2. 这座小镇的特别之处在于其设计独特的老街道，吸引着全国各地的摄影师。 3. 自从免费向公众开放以来，这座博物馆的游客数量显著增加。 4. 多年来一直饱受抑郁症的折磨，这位艺术家通过一系列晦暗的画作表达内心的痛苦。 5. 给我们印象最深的，是那个曾经是班里最薄弱的学生所取得的非凡进步。 6. 根据最新的预测，机器人在二十年内将做大部分家务，把人们从枯燥的事务中解放出来。 7. 我们的新英语老师既耐心又和蔼可亲，所以我们都喜欢她生动的课堂。 8. 那位探险者在沙漠中绝望地寻找水源，他的水壶两天前就已经喝空了。 9. 这部关于海洋污染的纪录片太令人沮丧了，许多观众情绪低落地离开了影院。 10. 在这座南方城市看到雪是不寻常的，所以每当一下雪，孩子们都异常兴奋。 11. 与大家的预期相反，那项失败了几十次的实验在最后一次终于成功了。 12. 科学家发现，地球和月球之间的距离每年增加约四厘米。 13. 一些科学家认为，在遥远的未来，汽车可能会自动驾驶，家庭可能会自我管理。 14. 第三次考试不及格后，男孩非常沮丧，拒绝和任何人说话，这让他的父母很担心。 15. 那个腼腆的男孩满怀热情地讲述太空旅行，吸引了全班同学。 16. 近年来，这个古老的渔村发生了彻底的变化，到处出现了新的道路、旅馆和画廊。 17. 许多学生觉得上课难以集中注意力，但我的同桌却能轻松完成一道很难的数学题。 18. 这部电影的结局相当俗套，所以当主人公最终获胜时，影院里几乎没有人感到惊讶。 19. 山区的天气难以预料——几分钟内就可能从晴空万里变成狂风暴雨。 20. 尽管球队最终输掉了比赛，教练仍对队员们在下半场的表现感到满意。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $