Unit 1 Food matters 词形变化背诵单及巩固练习-2026-2027学年译林版（2020）高中英语选择性必修第一册

选择性必修一Unit1词形变化背诵单及巩固练习 一．重点词汇词形变化 1. combination n. 结合体；联合，混合 → combine vt. & vi. （使）融合；（使）结合 2. gently adv. 轻柔地 → gentle adj. 温柔的 3. association n. 联想；协会 → associate vt. 联系，联想　vi. 交往 4. emotion n. 情感，情绪 → emotional adj. 感情的，有感染力的 → emotionally adv. 感情上，情绪上 5. salty adj. 咸的，含盐的 → salt n. 盐 6. generate vt. 产生，引起 → generation n. 产生；一代 7. adorable adj. 可爱的，讨人喜爱的 → adore vt. 热爱，喜爱 8. loose adj. 不受约束的；宽松的 → loosen vt. & vi. （使）放松，变松 9. multiple adj. 数量多的，多样的 → multiply vt. & vi. 乘；成倍增加 10. appropriate adj. 合适的 → appropriately adv. 恰当地 11. estimate vt. 估计，估价 → estimation n. 评价，判断，估计 12. essential adj. 本质的，基本的 → essentially adv. 本质上，根本上 13. innovation n. 创造，创新 → innovate vt. & vi. 改革，创新 → innovative adj. 革新的，创新的 14. stimulate vt. 促进，激发 → stimulation n. 刺激 15. emphasis n. 强调，重视；重读 → emphasize vt. 强调 16. wrapping n. （食品等的）包装材料，包装纸 → wrap vt. 包，裹 17. mixture n. 混合物；结合 → mix vt. & vi. （使）混合 → mixed adj. 混合的 二．巩固练习 1. Plastic ______ (wrap), such as bags and boxes, is convenient but harmful to the environment, so many supermarkets encourage customers to bring their own reusable bags. 2. Hard work ______ (combine) with smart methods is the key to success in learning, which is what our head teacher keeps reminding us of. 3. The soup tastes much too ______ (salt), because I was so careless that I added salt to it twice. 4. According to the latest ______ (estimate), the new bridge will cost the city nearly two billion yuan, twice as much as expected. 5. The ______ (adore) little girl in a red dress waved at everyone passing by, winning the hearts of the whole crowd. 6. Actors must learn to control their ______ (emotion) on the stage so that they can perform naturally in front of the audience. 7. Thanks to years of continuous technical ______ (innovate), the once small factory has grown into a leading enterprise in this field, exporting its products to dozens of countries. 8. She picked up the wounded bird ______ (gentle) and carried it to the vet's, hoping that it could survive the cold night. 9. Smartphones offer us ______ (multiply) ways to relax, such as listening to music, playing games and watching short videos. 10. In his speech, the headmaster placed special ______ (emphasize) on reading habits, urging students to spend at least half an hour a day on books. 11. Add the flour to the eggs slowly and carefully until you get a smooth ______ (mix) with no lumps in it. 12. Although his physical wounds healed quickly, it took him several months to recover ______ (emotion) from the terrible accident. 13. The shop assistant spent nearly ten minutes ______ (wrap) the birthday gift in beautiful paper, on top of which she tied a red ribbon. 14. In children's minds, summer holidays are often ______ (associate) with ice cream, swimming pools and endless fun. 15. The two plans look quite different on the surface, but they are ______ (essential) the same, both aiming to reduce food waste on campus. 16. During the lecture, the professor repeatedly ______ (emphasize) the importance of independent thinking, which left a deep impression on all of us. 17. The small company owes its rapid success to its ______ (innovation) designs, which perfectly combine traditional skills with modern technology. 18. The dish is widely considered a successful ______ (combine) of traditional Chinese cooking and Western styles, attracting customers of all ages. 19. The experts examined the old building carefully and then ______ (estimate) that its complete repair would take more than a year. 20. Before you start running, do some warm-up exercises to ______ (loose) up your muscles; otherwise, you may easily get hurt during the sport. 21. Music is a special language that expresses our inner ______ (emotion) feelings without using any words, which is why it touches people so deeply. 22. Good teachers know that praise and encouragement, rather than criticism, provide the best ______ (stimulate) for students' interest in learning. 23. His feelings about moving to a new city were rather ______ (mix): he was excited about the new school, yet sad to leave his old friends behind. 24. At a formal dinner, you should dress ______ (appropriate) and pay attention to your table manners, for they show your respect for the host. 25. The ______ (generate) of electricity from wind power has become common in this coastal city, which once depended entirely on coal. 26. Most people have a close ______ (associate) between the smell of freshly baked bread and their sweet childhood memories. 答案详解 1. wrapping 考查名词。plastic 后接名词，意为"包装材料"；wrap→wrapping。谓语 is 为单数，与主语 wrapping（不可数）保持一致。 2. combined 考查过去分词。combined with... 作后置定语修饰 hard work，表被动含义"与……相结合"；注意主语是 hard work，谓语为 is。 3. salty 考查形容词。taste 为系动词，后接形容词作表语；salt→salty"咸的"。too 修饰形容词。 4. estimation 考查名词。the latest 后接名词；according to the latest estimation"根据最新的估计"。estimate→estimation。 5. adorable 考查形容词。修饰名词 girl 作定语；adore→adorable"可爱的，讨人喜爱的"。 6. emotions 考查名词复数。their 后接可数名词复数；emotion→emotions"情绪"。control their emotions"控制情绪"。 7. innovation 考查名词。technical 后接名词作介词短语 of... 的中心词，意为"创新"；innovate→innovation。Thanks to 短语作原因状语。 8. gently 考查副词。修饰动词短语 picked up，意为"轻柔地"；gentle→gently（去 e 加 ly）。 9. multiple 考查形容词。修饰名词 ways 作定语；multiply→multiple"数量多的，多样的"。 10. emphasis 考查名词。place emphasis on"重视，强调"，固定搭配；emphasize→emphasis（词性互换的特殊形式）。 11. mixture 考查名词。a smooth 后接名词；mix→mixture"混合物"。until 引导时间状语从句。 12. emotionally 考查副词。修饰动词 recover，意为"在感情上"；emotion→emotionally。although 引导让步状语从句。 13. wrapping 考查动名词。spend time (in) doing sth. 固定句型，故用 wrap→wrapping；which 引导定语从句修饰 paper。 14. associated 考查过去分词。be associated with"与……联系在一起"，固定搭配；associate→associated。 15. essentially 考查副词。修饰表语 the same，意为"本质上"；essential→essentially。both aiming... 独立主格作补充说明。 16. emphasized 考查动词时态。句中缺少谓语动词，由上下文可知为过去发生的事，故用过去式；emphasize→emphasized"强调"。which 引导非限制性定语从句。 17. innovative 考查形容词。修饰名词 designs 作定语；innovate→innovative"创新的"。which 引导非限制性定语从句。 18. combination 考查名词。a successful 后接名词；combine→combination"结合体，混合"。attracting... 现在分词作结果状语。 19. estimated 考查动词时态。and 连接并列谓语，与 examined 时态一致用过去式；后接 that 宾语从句。estimate→estimated。 20. loosen 考查动词。不定式 to 后接动词原形；loose→loosen"(使)放松"。loosen up 意为"使放松"。otherwise 意为"否则"。 21. emotional 考查形容词。修饰名词 feelings 作定语；emotion→emotional"感情的"。which 引导非限制性定语从句。 22. stimulation 考查名词。the best 后接名词；stimulate→stimulation"刺激，激发"。rather than"而不是"。 23. mixed 考查形容词。mixed feelings"复杂的心情"，习惯搭配；mix→mixed。冒号后补充说明。 24. appropriately 考查副词。修饰动词 dress，意为"恰当地"；appropriate→appropriately。for 引导原因并列分句。 25. generation 考查名词。the 后接名词作主语；generate→generation"产生"。which 引导非限制性定语从句。 26. association 考查名词。a close 后接名词；associate→association"联想，联系"。between... and... 固定搭配。 句子翻译 1. 塑料包装材料（如袋子和盒子）虽然方便，却对环境有害，因此许多超市鼓励顾客自带可重复使用的袋子。 2. 努力加上巧妙的方法是学习成功的关键，这正是我们班主任不断提醒我们的。 3. 这场汤尝起来太咸了，因为我太粗心，往里面加了两次盐。 4. 根据最新的估计，这座新大桥将花费该市近二十亿元，比预期多出一倍。 5. 那个穿红裙子的可爱小女孩向每一个路过的人挥手，赢得了全场的喜爱。 6. 演员必须学会在舞台上控制自己的情绪，这样才能在观众面前自然地表演。 7. 由于多年的持续技术创新，这家曾经的小工厂已经发展成为该领域的龙头企业，产品出口到几十个国家。 8. 她轻轻拾起那只受伤的小鸟，把它送到兽医那里，希望它能熬过这个寒冷的夜晚。 9. 智能手机为我们提供了多种放松方式，比如听音乐、玩游戏和看短视频。 10. 在讲话中，校长特别强调了阅读习惯，敦促学生每天至少花半小时读书。 11. 慢慢地、小心地把面粉加到鸡蛋里，直到得到一种没有疙瘩的光滑混合物。 12. 虽然他身体上的伤口很快愈合了，但从那场可怕的事故中在情感上恢复过来却花了他好几个月。 13. 店员花了将近十分钟用漂亮的包装纸包装生日礼物，并在上面系了一根红丝带。 14. 在孩子们的脑海中，暑假常常与冰淇淋、游泳池和无尽的乐趣联系在一起。 15. 这两个方案表面上看起来大不相同，但本质上是一样的，都旨在减少校园食物浪费。 16. 在讲座中，教授反复强调独立思考的重要性，这给我们所有人都留下了深刻的印象。 17. 这家小公司把迅速的成功归功于其创新的设计，这些设计完美地把传统技艺与现代科技结合起来。 18. 这道菜被广泛认为是中国传统烹饪与西式风格的成功结合，吸引了各个年龄段的顾客。 19. 专家们仔细检查了那座老楼，然后估计它的全面修缮需要一年多的时间。 20. 开始跑步之前，先做一些热身运动来放松肌肉；否则，你在运动中很容易受伤。 21. 音乐是一种特殊的语言，它不用任何词语就能表达我们内心的情感，这正是它深深打动人们的原因。 22. 好老师们都知道，表扬和鼓励（而不是批评）能最大程度地激发学生的学习兴趣。 23. 他对搬去新城市的心情相当复杂：既为新学校而兴奋，又为离开老朋友而难过。 24. 在正式的宴会上，你应该穿着得体，注意餐桌礼仪，因为这些体现了你对主人的尊重。 25. 风力发电已经在这个沿海城市变得很普遍，而这座城市曾完全依赖煤炭。 26. 大多数人对刚出炉的面包的香味与甜蜜的童年记忆之间有着紧密的联想。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $