专题05 阅读理解--推理判断、主旨大意题考点归纳及专项训练-2026-2027学年九年级英语上学期期中复习精讲精练（新教材译林版）

专题05 阅读理解--推理判断、主旨大意题考点归纳及专项训练 推理判断题 观点态度/人物评价 知识归纳 正面：positive（积极的）、hopeful（有希望的）、successful（成功的）、beneficial（有益的）、warm-hearted（热心的）、patient（有耐心的）、selfless（无私的） 负面：disappointing（令人失望的）、harmful（有害的）、critical（挑剔的）、worried（担忧的）、careless（粗心的）、lazy（懒惰的）、selfish（自私的） 中立态度：objective（客观的）、neutral（中立的） 例题1 China has become the world's largest producer and market of EVs（电车）. According to a report, 9.587 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.495 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported（出口）. The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for green, high-quality development. As a result, China's EV industry develops very quickly. At Auto（汽车） China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show, including BYD, SAIC, Geely, Li Auto, Nio, Xpeng and other brands（品牌）. China's EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It's reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation（创新） will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points（充电站）. On the other hand, more Chinese people are aware of the environmental problems. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs. EVs are the way of the future. In an ideal world, everyone benefits from innovation and green transport. Some might get there sooner than others, and will gain greater rewards. It is very likely that China will hold the lead. 观点态度题 What's the writer's attitude （态度） towards the future of China's EV industry? A．Uncertain. B．Hopeful. C．Doubtful. D．Worried. 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 根据文章主题句判断 （1）关注首尾段 首段分析：本段用数据和事实强调中国在电车领域的领先地位，奠定了积极的基调。 末段分析：第一句“EVs are the way of the future.”和第四句“It is very likely that China will hold the lead.”直接表达出对电车未来的肯定，并明确中国将持续领先，体现了作者乐观的态度。 （2）分析用词的褒贬与感情色彩 褒义词汇：encouraging（支持）、develops very quickly（发展迅速）、improve technologies（提升技术）、gain greater rewards（获得更大的回报） 结论：高频使用的是褒义词，表明作者对中国电车行业的认可/期待 。 （3）注意转折词后的态度 文章第三段提到挑战：“...EV brands cut prices...EV makers without...will face growing risks.”但后文用短语At the same time 和On the other hand引出积极的应对措施：“government is adding even more charging points”（政府行动）和“people are aware of the environmental problems...”（公众环保意识提升） 分析：作者承认中国电车行业面临的挑战，但更强调各方积极的应对措施和美好前景，态度偏向抱有希望的 而非担忧的（抱有希望的/担忧的）。 Step 2 分析选项，排除干扰项，确定答案 选项 分析 A. Uncertain.（不确定的） 文中多次用事实数据（如产量、出口量），且文末用到了表示高概率推测的表述（very likely），所以排除此项 B. Hopeful.（抱有希望的） 文中的积极用语及数据支撑体现出作者持乐观积极的态度，所以B项为正确答案 C. Doubtful.（怀疑的） 作者承认挑战但未质疑行业前景，反而强调各方积极的应对措施和电车的优势，与怀疑态度矛盾 D. Worried.（担忧的） 作者虽然提到风险，但整体用词积极且突出应对措施 文章出处题 常见设题方式 ·Where can we probably read the text? ·Where can the text be found? ·In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage? 解题步骤 Step 1 确定文章体裁 Step 2 分析文章主要内容 Step 3 对比选项，判断文章出处/来源 常见的文章特点及对应的出处/来源 特点 出处/来源 ·文章具有很强的时效性 ·关键词news，文章内容包括时间、地点、人物、事件 newspaper/news report 出现电影、活动、节目等的名称，且出现价格、时间、地点等信息 advertisement 介绍某一地区的风景名胜、特色美食或地域文化 travel guide 介绍说明科普知识或科学研究（阶段性）成果 science report/study report 介绍某设备或产品 product instructions/product guide 出现网络图标、网址或click、 homepage等词 website 涉及科学假设，推演未知等内容 science fiction 例题2 After the haircut It's getting hot. You go to have your hair cut. The barber Tony cuts off part of your hair and sweeps it away, but your hair's journey is not over after the haircut. Have you ever thought of planting your old hair after it's cut off? Some farmers do! What comes up? Not wigs（假发）, but bigger and tastier crops. Hair is full of nitrogen（氮） that helps plants to grow. When cut hair is mixed into soil, the hair breaks down, slowly letting out nitrogen so it can help flowers and vegetables got big a little faster. If you've got a wool sweater on, you're wearing a sheep's haircut. Sheep grow fine curly（弯曲的） fur called wool. All those curls make air pockets that trap heat, keeping the sheep warm. Farmers shear the sheep in summer, so the sheep don't feel too hot. And we use the hair to make warm clothes, socks, and hats. Wool can even take in rain without feeling wet. Wool also doesn't catch fire easily. What does your hair say about you? Even many years after it has been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets. Because hair is made from bits of old cells, it has trace（微量） of chemicals（化学物质） that were in the body when the hair grew. When people are kept in the situation of dangerous chemicals, these traces remain in the hair, even long after they have disappeared from the body itself. Testing hair can help doctors know if there are dangerous chemicals in the food and water. Hair can tell another important secret—whose hair is it? This can be used to help solve crimes. Hair does so many things for us. It keeps us warm and cool, helps farmers, shows mysteries, and provides endless styling fun. One thing is for sure: it's not just for wigs any more. 文章出处题 In which part of a magazine can we probably read this passage?（ ） A．History. B．Fashion. C．Science. D．Health. 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 确定文章体裁 分析文章内容：文章以头发/羊毛为线索，说明了毛发的多种用途，文章的体裁为说明文。 Step 2 分析文章主要内容 文章主题：头发/羊毛的多种用途。 关键科学词汇：nitrogen（氮）、trace（微量）、chemicals（化学物质）、solve crimes（破案） Step 3 对比选项，判断文章出处/来源 选项 是否匹配文本内容（√/×） 理由 A. History. × 无历史事件、人物或时代背景等描述 B. Fashion. × 仅提及“造型乐趣”，不是主要内容,文章的核心是毛发的用途 C. Science. √ 涉及农业、化学、物理、医学等多领域的科学知识 D. Health. × “有害化学物质检测”仅是头发的其中一个用途 由此可推断，正确答案为C项。 后文预测题 该题型主要考查学生获取和梳理语篇中一系列事件的主题和因果关系、预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局或者根据已知信息合理预测下文内容的能力。 解题步骤 Step 1 定位逻辑关键点，锁定预测依据（将表达未来事件的相关语句作为重点推理依据） （1）精读题干指定段落（如要求预测结尾，则重点读最后1~2段）。 （2）画出因果标志词（so、because、therefore）、转折标志词（but、however）、总结标志词汇（in conclusion、one thing is for sure）或问题句（Have you ever...?）。 Step 2 梳理事件关系 梳理文章中讲述的事件的关系，找出未解决的矛盾或未完结的探索。 Step 3 分析预测类型 类型 文本特征 预测结局 结尾没有总结句或提出开放式问题 预测下文内容 段落末尾提出新问题或新现象 预测伏笔发展 前文埋下伏笔，细节未展开（如solve crimes相关情节） Step 4 合理预测排除干扰 预测原则： 必须基于文本线索，禁止引入外部知识。 干扰项特征： 脱离前文主题或重复已提及内容。 例题3 My friend Julie and I are keen on creating a beautiful green town. Gardening Course Every September, our city has a special festival. Crowds of happy people go to the park, waving ribbons in their hands. That's because the gardening competition takes place there. For Julie and me, it was a pity that we couldn't take part in the competition, for that was also the first day of our high school. We buried ourselves in choosing courses. We wanted to learn all about plants, gardening and farming. Finally, a course called Agriculture and Wildlife came into our sight. We thought it would help us succeed as gardeners. Project presentation After a year's study, Julie advised me to give a presentation. There was a small plastic model of my idea on the table. On the other side of the table, my teachers were waiting to see my project—the green farm. “Good morning!” I said, “During my studies. I've learned a lot about city farming. Now, I want to do something with what I've learned.” I showed them the model. “This is the high street of our town. This is an old, nine-floor car park. No one has used it for the last two years and it's now for sale.” I continued the presentation. They could see my designs on the big screen when I talked. “I've designed a city farm using the car park building. There will be eight floors to farm fruit and vegetables. This design can help us collect rainwater to wet the soil. And we can also use energy from the sun to power the special growing lights.” “I will hire the space out to local people and they will sell everything good enough for the environment in local shops. Also, the ninth floor will be for those who want to grow their own plants.” My audience looked interested and my project got the highest mark in my class. But in the real world, it couldn't happen because the car park was not available. ▲ Later, Julie helped me search the town for the perfect place for gardening, not in front of the Town Hall or the shopping centre. We tried to look for something different. Somewhere that was not the best neighbourhood, but a poor one. One where the road was full of holes and the pavement（人行道） was all broken. At last, we made it. In the neighbourbood, we posted letters through people's doors with gardening instructions. More and more people cared about that and began to plant vegetable gardens. Then in the same neighbourhood, we put grass over those broken old pavements for the kids to play on. Finally, we put up a sign that said, “Have fun here.” When we finished, we were both covered in soil and completely exhausted. But Julie put an arm around my shoulders and smiled. “Not bad!” she said. “We can do more to make our town greener!” 后文预测题 According to the underlined sentence, Julie and the writer would most probably _ _ _ _ in the future.（ ） A．hire out their green farms for parking and camping B．find more open spaces to plant grass and vegetables C．sell their grass and vegetables to the neighbourhood D．put up more signs to ask kids to have fun on the grass 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 定位逻辑关键点，锁定预测依据 精读指定段落：画线句子位于文章尾/末 段，需重点分析最后1~2段。 预测依据：Julie所说的“do more”是核心点，暗示延续当前的行动并扩大（greener）。 Step 2 梳理事件关系 经以上分析可知，接下来作者和Julie的目标是做得更多——增加植被（grass/vegetables），让城镇更绿。 Step 3 分析预测类型 文章发展脉络为“提出梦想→想出方案→执行方案→树立新目标”，这里是基于开放性结尾预测下文/后文内容。 Step 4 合理预测排除干扰 推出结论：B项最合理，因为它对应了作者与Julie的新目标（找更多空地种草和蔬菜，才能让城镇更绿）。 判断选项正误法 例4 [2024山东烟台节选]This is the world's first try to bring samples （样本） from the moon's far side. For China, it's the second sample-return moon journey. Chang'e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the Soviet Union（苏联） and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon's near side. ... “Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang'e 6（C选项对应的原文） with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community （B选项对应的原文）,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering. 问：What can we learn from Martin Sweeting's words?（ ） A. Chang'e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks. B. Chang'e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world. C. Chang'e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon. D. Chang'e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back. 解题步骤： Step 1 画出选项中的关键信息。 Step 2 回文定位。 由题干可定位到最后一段。该教授表示，将此次嫦娥六号带回的月球背面样本与之前的月球近侧样本进行对比，对于整个国际社会都有宝贵的科学价值。 Step 3 对比选项与原文。 A选项：文中无对应信息。B选项：与原文内容同义，正确。C选项：原文提到的是嫦娥六号从月球背面采样，并不是从两面都采样。D选项：文中没有提到嫦娥六号在返回之前就对比样本。 专题训练 一 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中）When John was driving to work, someone suddenly cut him off in traffic. He screamed and yelled angrily at the driver. The driver, having a bad morning, shouted back in anger as well. All of us, sometimes, at least overreact to small things, but the reality is that it’s not worth it. Overreacting can lead to creating a bigger issue or accident. Stress in our lives can create the conditions for us to overreact. But even though doing so might let out one’s anger in the moment, it doesn’t solve the true source of the stress. All it does is to create more anxiety. Listen, it’s totally okay to feel your emotions and want to express them sometimes, but real issues start to arise when we react much more than necessary. When you overreact, it might be a sign that there are other, deeper problems you aren’t dealing with, which are called emotional triggers (诱因). Everyone has emotional triggers and here are some common ones: events that repeat maddening experiences from one’s past, situations where one feels a sense of disrespect, and moments when one’s loved ones get harmed. If we know what our triggers are, we can learn to be more in control of ourselves. Personally, I overreact whenever I work hard on something but someone is not pleased with it. I feel my ability is under attack and become defensive (防御的) right away. But then I see that my anger comes from always pushing myself to be perfect and being afraid of others’ bad words. Deep down, I feel tired and the sense of unfairness (不公平) is killing me. It may be hard for some to understand how the feeling of not being valued can drain those people who get energy from knowing their efforts are valued. Knowing this about myself, I become more aware of my reactions and try to respond to people more calmly when they offer criticism (批评), which turns out to draw me closer to others. Therefore, when you’re triggered, keep breathing deeply and cool down. Think about what just happened calmly by bringing yourself closer to truth and think about how other people might feel about things. Overreactions sometimes happen when we get over-focused on ourselves and our own emotions. Remember, no one gets a perfect life. If you aren’t totally aware of what your triggers are, it might help to reflect on the past week and all the times when something makes you sad. Understand the things that bother you the most and take action. So when you get annoyed over little things, take a moment to think calmly about what triggers you and try the above tips. By practicing, you can surely hold your temper when you are about to get mad next time. And one day you might find yourself among a closer circle. 1．Who probably shares the same emotional trigger as the writer? A．Lily, who overreacted when she heard bad comments on her report. B．Peter, who overreacted when his classmates joked about his parents. C．Ann, who overreacted when she was invited to play the game she hated. D．Mike, who overreacted when someone ran into him and refused to say “sorry”. 2．What does the word “drain” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Look forward. B．Lose heart. C．Improve oneself. D．Keep practising. 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．It’s necessary to overreact sometimes because it can make people feel calm. B．It’s common for people who care more about those around them to overreact. C．Avoiding criticism is helpful for people to keep calm and prevent overreaction. D．Finding emotional triggers helps manage overreactions and improve relationships. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Overreaction: A Guide to Perfect Emotional Control. B．Overreaction: A Terrible Way to Deal with Criticism. C．Overreaction: Knowing Triggers and Finding Calm. D．Overreaction: Managing Anger and Preventing Stress. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了过度反应这一现象，分析了其背后的情绪诱因，指出了解自己的情绪诱因有助于控制反应，并提出了应对过度反应的方法，强调通过了解和处理情绪诱因可以更好地管理情绪，改善人际关系。 【详解】1．根据第三段“Personally, I overreact whenever I work hard on something but someone is not pleased with it.”可知，作者的情绪诱因是自己付出努力完成的成果得不到他人认可、收到负面评价时就会过激反应，对比选项，A选项中Lily听到针对自己报告的负面评价时过激反应，与作者的诱因一致。 2．根据第三段“It may be hard for some to understand how the feeling of not being valued can drain those people who get energy from knowing their efforts.”可知，对于那些从努力被认可中获取能量的人来说，不被重视的感觉会消耗他们的能量；据此推断，“drain”意为使疲惫、削弱，与“Lose heart”意思相近。 3．根据第三段“Knowing this about myself, I become more aware of my reactions and try to respond to people more calmly…, which turns out to draw me closer to others.”以及全文内容可知，了解自己的情绪诱因有助于更好地管理过度反应，并且能改善与他人的关系。 4．文章主要围绕过度反应展开，介绍了过度反应产生的原因即情绪诱因，以及如何通过了解诱因来保持冷静，避免过度反应；“Overreaction: Knowing Triggers and Finding Calm”符合文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。 二 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中） Jiangsu City Football League has taken China by storm. Teams from all 13 cities in Jiangsu Province are taking part. Fans jokingly call it “Jiangsu Super League”, or “Su Chao”. The amateur (业余的) football league kicked off on May 10th, 2025. It has drawn bigger crowds than many of China’s top professional league games. By June 1, three rounds of matches had been held. Each match had about 10,000 viewers. Millions more watched them online. This fun league isn’t about superstar athletes. Most of the 516 players are not even professional players. They are students, teachers and people from all walks of life. People love the league because it’s more than just football. It’s about city pride and the shared emotional experience that football brings. The league is not only a feast of sport but also a promotion of local cultures. For example, Lianyungang team turned its home match into a seafood festival. Yangzhou showed its intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) during halftime. Each city has used the stage to present its own unique culture. The teams follow the motto “Match first, friendship fourteenth”—a funny saying that means every game is a serious fight for city pride. “We’re attracting people who don’t usually watch football,” said the vice president of Jiangsu Football Association. With tickets priced between five and ten yuan, many people come to enjoy the exciting atmosphere (气氛). Fans use playful slogans to cheer for their hometown teams. Many others joke online with funny memes (表情包). This year, the league will last seven months and play 85 matches. In the regular season, each team plays six matches at home and six away. The top eight teams will then compete for the championship. The success of the league proves that grassroots football holds great potential in China. But the best part was the idea of “universal participation and city honor”. As “Su Chao” continues, the new love for football is bringing more and more people to Jiangsu, making them fall in love with its unique charm. 1．Which of the following can we infer from the passage? A．Tickets for “Su Chao” football matches are very expensive. B．All players in Jiangsu City Football League are professional. C．Jiangsu City Football League mixes sport with local cultures. D．“Su Chao” is more popular than all of China’s top professional leagues. 2．Why do people love Jiangsu City Football League according to the passage? A．Because it shows city pride and shared emotions. B．Because it is held in 13 cities of Jiangsu Province C．Because there are many superstar athletes in the league. D．Because it only focuses on the football skills themselves. 3．How many matches will each team play in the regular season of “Su Chao”? A．6 B．8 C．12 D．85 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．“Su Chao”: A popular amateur football league in Jiangsu B．“Su Chao”: A world-wide most watched football match C．Culture displays of different cities during “Su Chao” matches D．A professional football league for superstar athletes in Jiangsu 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了爆火的江苏城市业余足球联赛“苏超”，介绍了赛事规模、参赛人员、文体融合特色、票价赛程以及赛事带来的城市荣誉感。 【详解】1．原文第三段提到“The league is not only a feast of sport but also a promotion of local cultures.”，说明了江苏城市足球联赛融合了体育运动与本土地域文化。 2．原文第二段提到“People love the league because it’s more than just football. It’s about city pride and the shared emotional experience that football brings.”，说明了人们喜爱这项联赛的原因是它展现城市自豪感与共同情感。 3．原文第五段提到“In the regular season, each team plays six matches at home and six away.”，说明了每支球队常规赛主场6场、客场6场，合计12场比赛。 4．全文围绕业余赛事“苏超”展开，介绍赛事热度、参赛人员、文化特色与赛程，“‘Su Chao’: A popular amateur football league in Jiangsu”能完整概括全文。 三 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中）Recent reports show that more teens feel sad or hopeless compared with ten years ago. a________ In his new book How We Grow Up: Understanding Adolescence, journalist Matt Richtel explores the reasons behind teen stress and how adults can help. One reason why teens feel more stressed is that they have still-developing brains and think too much about what’s happening around them. b________ At the same time, they face a fast-changing world full of information—from school, friends, and online. This can lead to overthinking and worry. Many people blame (责备) phones as the main cause of their stress. Too much screen time can indeed be harmful. But it’s not the only reason. That’s why simply taking away teens’ phones won’t solve this situation. What’s more important is helping them to find a balance—getting enough sleep, staying active, and having face-to-face conversations. The teenage years are a time of big change, and this change itself is another cause of stress. c________ During this time, young people start to move from depending on their parents to being independent (独立的). This change is natural and necessary for growing up, but it can also bring stress—teens may not know how to make choices by themselves or they may worry that they can’t do things well. This worry makes them question what their parents and teachers have taught them. The process makes them feel quite stressed. That is why help from parents is so important. Sometimes, teens may feel down even in loving homes because emotions (情绪) are hard to understand. Just like an adult might get stressed at work, teens can feel too stressed to deal with many small things together. Understanding this can help parents be supportive. d________ In this way, parents can be good guides for their children. In short, mental health challenges in teens come from a mix of still-developing brains, the world around them, and the stress of growing up in a fast-changing world. To help with these problems, we shouldn’t just blame phones or be too strict with them. Instead, what matters is listening carefully, staying close to them, and guiding them with care and understanding. 1．What is more important for teens according to Paragraph 2? A．Becoming more independent. B．Finding a healthy life balance. C．Staying away from their phones. D．Dealing with emotional challenges. 2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．What else brings teens stress and worries. B．Why teens become independent of parents. C．How teens deal with stress from their parents. D．Why teens question what they’ve been taught. 3．It is better to put “Open talks and patience can build trust.” in ________. A．a B．b C．c D．d 4．How is the passage organized? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ③=Paragraph 3, ④=Paragraph 4, ⑤=Paragraph 5) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了青少年压力源于大脑发育、信息过载和独立期的变化；帮助他们的关键不是没收手机，而是倾听、引导和帮助他们找到生活平衡。 【详解】1．第二段明确说“What’s more important is helping them to find a balance—getting enough sleep, staying active, and having face-to-face conversations.”（更重要的是帮助他们找到平衡——保证充足睡眠、保持活跃并进行面对面交流。），与选项B“寻找健康的生活平衡”完全对应。 2．第三段首句“the teenage years...is another cause of stress”点明主旨，接着解释“从依赖父母到独立”这一变化过程本身就会带来压力。选项A“还有什么是导致青少年压力和担忧的因素。”符合本段主旨 3．第四段讲父母如何帮助孩子，最后一句“In this way, parents can be good guides...”之前需要一个过渡句，说明“怎样做”才能成为好向导。“Open talks and patience can build trust.”（开放的对话和耐心能建立信任）正好承接前文“理解情绪”，并引出“父母成为好向导”。 4．分析文章结构，①引出问题；②③④分析原因和解决建议（平行结构）；⑤总结。选项A所示结构符合。 四 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中）Have you ever thought that seemingly bad events in our lives might actually carry hidden blessings? This idea is what we call the broken umbrella theory. It suggests that every small unlucky moment we are faced with in our daily lives actually has a deeper purpose. Picture this: on a rainy morning, you’re rushing to an important job interview when your umbrella breaks, water soaking your suit. Frustrated (沮丧的) and worried about your appearance, you quickly run into a coffee shop for shelter in a hurry. There, you start a conversation with a stranger, sharing your hobby, work experiences, career goals and so on. To your surprise, this person is a manager at a famous company. Impressed by your passion and excellent working experience, he offers you a well-paid job right away—a far better chance than the interview you might miss. What seems like bad luck suddenly turns into a wonderful surprise. In other words, the broken umbrella theory encourages you to change your thinking pattern. When we choose to view the world in a more positive (积极的) light, we can be less anxious and stop worrying that we can’t manage what’s going on around us. Instead of focusing on small problems that aren’t actually that serious, it helps us learn to see the bigger picture. It also pushes us to find value in the difficulties we face. This way, we become better at dealing with future troubles, thus making us more ready for the future hardships. So, next time you feel yourself becoming worried or frustrated by an inconvenience (麻烦), try reshaping your thoughts by telling yourself what you are thankful for the inconvenience. While keeping a positive mindset can go a long way, the broken umbrella theory is not without its disadvantages. Be mindful that if you only focus on positive thoughts, you’re actually stopping yourself from dealing with challenging or tough emotions. You end up just pretending (假装) everything is okay, instead of truly facing and understanding how you really feel. 1．Which of the following is an example of the broken umbrella theory? A．Getting good grades after studying hard. B．Meeting a good friend after missing a plane. C．Becoming friends again after dealing with problems. D．Losing a job because you forgot to wake up on time. 2．How does the broken umbrella theory influence you according to Paragraph 3? A．It helps you avoid small troubles in your daily life. B．It pushes you to think more about future difficulties. C．It makes you feel more worried when facing failures. D．It gets you to think positively when you are in trouble. 3．What may happen if you only care about positive thoughts? A．You may solve difficult problems smoothly. B．You may stay far away from your true feelings. C．You’ll improve your ability when dealing with troubles. D．You’ll discover more value when facing daily difficulties. 4．What is probably the best title for the text? A．Practice Makes Perfect B．Better Late Than Never C．It Never Rains But It Pours D．Every Cloud Has A Silver Lining 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文通过提出“破伞理论”，阐释了“生活中小挫折可能隐含意外机遇”的哲学观点，并辩证分析了该理论的实践价值与潜在局限。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段举例“雨伞损坏→躲雨进咖啡店→偶遇经理获得好工作”可知，该理论核心是“看似倒霉的小事带来意外好运”。选项中“错过飞机后遇到了好朋友”符合“因小挫折引发积极转折”的逻辑。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“In other words, the broken umbrella theory encourages you to change your thinking pattern. When we choose to view the world in a more positive (积极的) light, we can be less anxious and stop worrying that we can’t manage what’s going on around us.”可知，破伞理论鼓励你转变思维模式，以更积极的眼光看待世界。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“if you only focus on positive thoughts... you’re actually stopping yourself from dealing with challenging or tough emotions”可知，过度乐观可能导致逃避真实感受。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。全文围绕“坏事件可能隐含转机”展开，强调以积极视角看待挫折。英文谚语“Every Cloud Has A Silver Lining (乌云背后总有一线光芒)”完美呼应这一主题。故选D。 五 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中）Making new friends isn’t easy. It can be difficult to know what to talk about, so we choose safe topics like the weather, music or books. These conversations are polite but often feel empty and don’t usually lead to a real friendship. But what if there was a way to feel close to someone much faster? Research shows there may be a quicker way to build strong connections—by asking deep, thought-provoking questions. This idea first appeared in the late 1990s, when scientists created something called the Fast-Friends Steps. In these studies, strangers were asked to discuss personal topics such as “What would a perfect day be like for you?” or “What item would you save first if your house was on fire?” After talking for just 45 minutes, participants (参与者) said they felt surprisingly close and some even stayed in touch after the study ended. Then in 2024, researchers in the Netherlands wondered if this way could also work to improve the relationships between parents and their children. During this experiment, parents spoke with their children, but instead of common small talks, parents asked more meaningful questions such as “What’s the strangest thing you have ever experienced?” or “When was the last time you felt alone?” Before and after the talks, the children completed a short questionnaire about how loved and supported they felt. Even after just nine minutes of conversation, the children’s scores increased greatly, showing that these meaningful questions helped them feel closer to their parents. Psychologists say the reason asking deep questions helps us to connect with others is because of something called “self-disclosure”. When we open up and share our personal thoughts and feelings, this creates feelings of closeness. Maybe building a close bond with someone doesn’t always take years. Sometimes, it can start in just a few minutes. 1．Which question would you use to build a real friendship with others? A．Did you catch the weather this morning? It’s freezing cold. B．Have you read the best-seller The Let Them Theory recently? C．Christmas is coming. What would you buy for your kid as a Christmas gift? D．Have you listened to Olivia Rodrigo’s new song? It’s been in my head all day. 2．What was the purpose of the 2024 experiment in the Netherlands? A．When to make children feel loved at home. B．How to help strangers become friends quickly. C．What kind of questions are meaningful to children. D．Whether deep questions can improve parent-child relationships. 3．What does the underlined word “self-disclosure” mean in the last paragraph? A．Staying in touch. B．Opening one’s heart. C．Choosing safe topics. D．Building strong connections. 4．What may be the best title of the passage? A．Small talks can build good friendship. B．Making close friends won’t take many years. C．Conversations are useful in friendship making. D．Deep questions help create closeness with others quickly. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了通过深入、有思考性的问题可以快速建立亲密关系的研究，包括早期“快速交友”实验及2024年荷兰关于改善亲子关系的实验，并解释了其背后的“自我表露”心理学原理。 【详解】1．推理判断题。根据“safe topics like the weather, music or books...don’t usually lead to a real friendship.”及“there may be a quicker way to build strong connections—by asking deep, thought-provoking questions.”可推知，选项C涉及个人生活和情感决策，属于深入问题，其他三项都是表面化的安全话题，无法有效建立深层连接，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“researchers in the Netherlands wondered if this way could also work to improve the relationships between parents and their children”可知，实验目的是验证深度问题能否改善亲子关系，故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“When we open up and share our personal thoughts and feelings”可知，“self-disclosure”指的是敞开心扉分享想法，故选B。 4．最佳标题题。文章核心是“深入问题能快速建立亲密关系”，选项D准确概括了这一主旨，故选D。 六 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Nearly all life on the earth relies on one source of energy —the sun. Solar (太阳的) energy lights the days, warms the air and land, and drives the planet’s climate. The simplest way to get energy from the sun is from direct exposure (暴露) to its rays. In ancient China, clothes and books were taken out of homes and placed in the sunshine. This helped reduce damage from moisture (潮湿) and insects. Another clever use of solar energy is in architectural designs. This can be traced back as far as 6000 years ago. During this period, homes were built with their openings facing south. This meant that even in winter, the low rays of sunshine would reach and warm their insides. By 2000 BCE, cities were designed with streets running east to west. This ensured that each house had a south-facing section receiving the most sunlight. The ancient Chinese also created clever tools to capture energy from the sun. One notable example was yangsui (阳燧), or the “burning mirror”. This bronze, concave fire-starting tool was first used during the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046-771 BCE). The ancient Chinese knew bronze to be a reflective metal. The concave shape of yangsui also demonstrates that they understood how to gather sunlight. When the rays hit the surface of yangsui, they reflected into a single focal point. The high temperature at that focal point was sufficient to set dry plant fibers on fire. Yangsui was a particularly useful tool for cooking Indeed, The Book of Rites described how at the start of each day, the son of each household would attach yangsui to his belt. This way, he could easily start the family fire. Nowadays, solar energy is used across the country in more efficient ways. Solar water heaters, which absorb (吸收) energy from the sun, have become popular in modern-day China. These water systems arc not only cheaper and more efficient than coal or wood-burning stoves, but also help reduce CO₂. Turning sunlight into electricity is another application of solar technology. In recent years, China has added more solar power capacity than any other country. In the northwest of China, there is a first-of-its-kind, panda-shaped solar power plant. It is steering the city of Datong —previously known as the “capital of coal” —towards a greener path. Consisting of 170, 000 panels, the “panda power plant” generates 80 million kilowatt hours of solar-powered electricity each year. This is equal to the total annual electricity consumption of over 30, 000 households. 1．How does the writer explain the use of solar energy from ancient China to the present? A．By providing examples. B．By giving causes. C．By comparing conditions. D．By listing numbers. 2．Which picture below shows the working process of yangsui? A． B． C． D． 3．The following paragraph can best go after ________ Heat from the sun was also used to preserve food, such as rice, fish, meat and vegetables —a practice that continues to the present day. A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．In ancient China, people had no idea of using solar energy. B．China has been using solar energy for a very short period of time. C．Solar energy has recently been used in China in cheaper and greener ways. D．Ancient Chinese built homes with north-facing openings for more sunlight. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 【原文】本文主要介绍了太阳能相关知识。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“The simplest way to get energy from the sun is from direct exposure (暴露) to its rays. In ancient China, clothes and books were taken out of homes and placed in the sunshine. This helped reduce damage from moisture (潮湿) and insects.”可知，作者通过提供古代到现代的例子来解释太阳能的使用。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“One notable example was yangsui (阳燧), or the “burning mirror”. This bronze, concave fire-starting tool was first used during the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046-771 BCE).”可知，是一个青铜凹面镜子，故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Heat from the sun was also used to preserve food, such as rice, fish, meat and vegetables —a practice that continues to the present day.”可知，太阳的热量还被用来保存食物，如大米、鱼、肉和蔬菜——这种做法一直延续到今天。讲述了古人利用太阳能所做之事，与第二段契合，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Nowadays, solar energy is used across the country in more efficient ways.”可知，太阳能已经能够被有效利用，且以环保的方式进行，故选C。 七 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）If a stranger (陌生人) knocked on your door asking to use your phone, would you help? How about lending them five dollars for the bus, if they said they’d return and pay you back? Nowadays, many people find it hard to trust strangers. A recent study found that our ability to trust strangers may be more than just a social or psychological characteristic—it could come from our DNA．This is important, in fact, as it turns out that trusting people might live longer and healthier lives compared to those who like to doubt others. ①________ ②________ Two main theories have appeared to explain why some people are more trusting than others. One suggests trust is a stable characteristic shaped by early life experiences. The other thinks it’s influenced by what a person always thinks about the world around them. We can easily guess the answer to the question “Would you say that most people can be trusted?” would depend on whether you’d been robbed the day before or if you’d had your missing wallet returned. ③________ This is where the recent research comes in. Edgerton, a researcher from Lund University, and his teammates have been doing research about trust. In their most recent study, with 33,882 Danish blood donors, they found a single gene (基因)—PLPP4, which has a strong connection to the personality of trusting others, and that the PLPP4 gene explained 6% of the difference in social trust among the people in the study. If you take two people who have similar education and life experiences, this gene alone could account for 6% of the difference in how much they trust others. ④________ They believe that the PLPP4 gene may soften our “fight-or-flight” survival response (反应). If our fight-or-flight system is less strong when we meet new people, it makes sense that trusting others could greatly improve our health. Indeed, if trusting others acts as something against stress, it may lower the risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. As people continue to uncover the mysteries of trust, one thing is clear: understanding its genetic roots may hold the key to developing healthier communities in the world. 1．Why does the writer begin the passage with questions? A．To test the readers’ sense of safety. B．To show how dangerous it is to trust strangers. C．To challenge readers to make a difficult choice. D．To introduce the topic by connecting to readers’ own lives. 2．According to paragraph 3, what might make you trust people less today? A．If you had a happy childhood. B．If you once faced difficulties at work. C．If you were not educated well at a young age. D．If you were treated in a dishonest way by others. 3．The following sentence can be put at ________. What makes some people more trusting? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 4．What can we know from the passage? A．We should trust strangers more so that we can live longer. B．Trust may come from our body and is good for our health. C．The PLPP4 gene may lead to our natural fear response to strangers. D．People’s trust levels are mainly shaped by their childhood experiences. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要探讨了人类信任感的来源。文章从“是否愿意帮助陌生人”这一生活场景切入，引出信任感可能源于DNA（特别是PLPP4基因）的研究发现，并阐述了信任他人对身心健康的积极影响及其背后的生理机制。 【详解】1．文章第1段“If a stranger (陌生人) knocked on your door asking to use your phone, would you help?”，作者通过假设一个读者在生活中可能遇到的真实情境来开篇。这种方式能让读者产生代入感，从而自然地引出关于“信任陌生人”这一核心话题的讨论。 2．文章第3段“We can easily guess the answer to the question ‘Would you say that most people can be trusted?’ would depend on whether you’d been robbed the day before or if you’d had your missing wallet returned.”表明如果不被他人诚实对待，会降低对他人的信任。 3．文章第3段“Two main theories have appeared to explain why some people are more trusting than others...”主要介绍了关于信任的两个理论，句子“What makes some people more trusting?”放在②处，引出下文两种理论，逻辑衔接通顺。 4．文章第2段“our ability to trust strangers may be more than just a social or psychological characteristic—it could come from our DNA...trusting people might live longer and healthier lives” 表明信任陌生人的能力源于DNA，信任他人的人寿命更长、身体更健康。 八 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中） Chen Ning Yang—A Giant of Modern Physics Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential physicists of the twentieth century, passed away in Beijing on October 18, 2025, at the age of 103. His ideas transformed our understanding of nature and shaped the very foundations of modern physics. Born in 1922 in Hefei, Anhui Province, Yang showed exceptional talent in mathematics and science from an early age. He studied at Southwest Associated University during wartime China and later completed his PhD at the University of Chicago in 1948, under the supervision of the famous physicist Enrico Fermi. In 1956, Yang and his colleague Tsung-Dao Lee proposed a revolutionary idea—that the law of parity conservation might not hold in weak nuclear interactions. At the time, most scientists believed nature treated “left” and “right” equally. The following year, experimental physicist Chien-Shiung Wu confirmed the effect, proving that the universe does, in fact, distinguish between left and right. For this discovery, Yang and Lee shared the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first Chinese scientists ever to receive this honor. The finding of parity violation was more than a scientific breakthrough—it opened a new window into the structure of matter and laid the groundwork for later developments in particle physics. Yang’s influence extended far beyond one discovery. In 1954, together with Robert Mills, he introduced what is now known as the Yang-Mills theory, a mathematical framework that describes the fundamental forces of nature. This theory later became a cornerstone of the Standard Model, the central theory explaining how subatomic particles interact. After decades in the United States, Yang returned to China in the 1990s and became a professor at Tsinghua University. He encouraged international cooperation and devoted himself to scientific education in China. Many students remember his humility, his sharp mind, and his belief that true science requires both curiosity and courage. Chen Ning Yang’s life tells a story of brilliance, integrity, and dedication. From a young scholar in wartime China to a Nobel laureate whose ideas changed physics forever, his journey reminds us that great discoveries are born from questioning the impossible. 1．What made Chen Ning Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee’s idea revolutionary? A．It proved that gravity affects all objects equally B．It suggested that nature treats “left” and “right” differently. C．It showed that time could go backward D．It explained how all the forces in nature are connected. 2．What was confirmed by Chien-Shiung Wu’s experiment? A．The law of parity conservation was always “correct”. B．The universe shows no difference between left and right. C．The parity violation predicted by Yang and Lee was real. D．Atoms behave exactly the same under all conditions. 3．Which of the following best describes the Yang-Mills theory? A．A method for predicting earthquakes. B．A mathematical model describing fundamental forces. C．A law explaining chemical reactions. D．A theory about astronomy and stars. 4．What is the main message of the article? A．Great discoveries come from questioning accepted ideas. B．Science success depends mostly on luck. C．Fame is more important than curiosity. D．Teamwork matters more than courage. 【导语】本文主要介绍了现代物理学巨匠杨振宁的生平事迹、重要科学成就及其深远影响。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“In 1956, Yang and his colleague Tsung-Dao Lee proposed a revolutionary idea—that the law of parity conservation might not hold in weak nuclear interactions. At the time, most scientists believed nature treated “left” and “right” equally. ”可知，杨振宁和李政道的观点具有革命性是因为他们认为自然界对“左”和“右”的处理方式不同。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The following year, experimental physicist Chien-Shiung Wu confirmed the effect, proving that the universe does, in fact, distinguish between left and right.”可知，吴健雄的实验证实了杨和李预测的宇称不守恒是真实的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In 1954, together with Robert Mills, he introduced what is now known as the Yang-Mills theory, a mathematical framework that describes the fundamental forces of nature.”可知，杨米尔斯理论是一种描述基本力的数学模型。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Chen Ning Yang’s life tells a story of brilliance, integrity, and dedication. From a young scholar in wartime China to a Nobel laureate whose ideas changed physics forever, his journey reminds us that great discoveries are born from questioning the impossible.”可知，文章主要讲述了杨振宁的生平、成就并强调了伟大发现源于质疑不可能的观点。故选A。 九 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Apple’s recent Vision Pro goggles may seem like a fun new piece of tech, but researchers are warning that using this product, especially over the long period, can cause a lot of problems. We already know how virtual (虚拟的) reality can influence us over the short period. For example, those who are trying to post videos of themselves doing activities like driving or skating with these headsets on are going to end up in real trouble, potentially (潜在地) harming themselves and others. The users can’t feel the right sizes and shapes of objects, especially when they move their head. The research team wore Vision Pro and Quest goggles for a few weeks while trying to carry out their everyday activities. For the safety of participants (参与者), a minder stayed nearby to make sure they did not walk into walls; Apple’s Vision Pro User Guide warns that it cannot tell all dangerous conditions, so users could be hurt when they put the goggles on. The participants reported they might have headaches. Moreover, they had problems finding the way around them, like bringing food right to their mouth while eating. Even if they were able to get used to the distance after a while, the harms were already done. These don’t go away once someone takes the goggles off as the body needs time to recover. As a result, someone who is working all day inside these goggles could go home with their system off, potentially causing an accident or harming themselves. The researchers also suggested that it can also influence social communications, because the users can’t reply in time or they may miss social signals from the conversations. This can lead to the impression of being non-human. Another problem is its potential harm on the eyes. The goggles use low-powered lasers (激光器) pointed at your eyes for near and far sensing. It is so dangerous that they warn users to stop using it if they experience changes to their vision, such as double vision or unclear vision. Besides these problems, there is another warning to consider: The Vision Pro collects lots of information about its environment. This includes everything from the user’s eye movements to the people and rooms around them, exposing (泄露) personal information about people and their environment, including their behaviors,locations and preferences. Private information could easily be shared by others if users are not careful. 1．Which phrase has the closest meaning to “recover”? A．show up B．calm down C．get better D．turn over 2．The following paragraph can best go after ________. According to the director of the Virtual Human Interaction Lab at Stanford, there are some strong reasons people should not be wearing these products for long periods. A．Paragraph 1 B．Paragraph 2 C．Paragraph 3 D．Paragraph 4 3．What can we infer from the passage about Apple’s Vision Pro goggles? A．Users make smooth conversations with others. B．Users can go upstairs safely with goggles on. C．Harms to the eyes are able to be cured. D．Users should control the using time for safety. 4．The main purpose of the passage is to show _________. A．the problems caused by goggles B．the working science of goggles C．the reasons for buying goggles D．the advice on wearing goggles 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Apple Vision Pro这类VR头显长时间使用带来的身体伤害、社交障碍、眼部损伤及隐私泄露等问题。 1．第四段提到“the body needs time to recover”，表示身体需要时间恢复，与get better（好转、恢复）意思最接近；show up出现，calm down冷静，turn over翻转，均不符合。 2．该句是对前文的概括或引出下文对“长时间佩戴的危害”的强调。原文第3、4、5段都在具体描述危害，但第1段已提出长期使用会有问题，第2段在讲短期已知风险，因此把该句放在第1段之后，作为总起后续危害的过渡最合适。 3．全文多次强调长时间使用带来伤害，可推断出用户为安全应控制使用时间，D项正确；其余选项均与原文内容相反。 4．文章从头到尾围绕Vision Pro带来的安全、健康、社交、隐私等问题展开，主要目的是说明眼镜带来的问题。 十 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）A spoonful of pickles (泡菜) can sometimes make a meal taste better. Recently, a new type of pickle is being discussed: “digital pickles”. It means the videos people watch while eating. Many people think that the videos can make their food more appetizing (引起食欲的). The topic received more than 16 million clicks on a website and about 100,000 people took part in the discussion. Many young people in China are kept company by TV shows or short videos. Many believe that their food is more delicious with the “digital pickles”. Can this habit influence your diet? According to a research paper published (发表) in 2019, you may eat more without realization. The international research team asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns for four days. The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone and eating without distraction (干扰). The team discovered that eating with distraction increased calorie ingestion (热量摄入) by about 15%. To explore the reason, the team also invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip (音乐片段) about another person eating; the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. At last, the second group ate less because they focused on their food more. This result works not only for eating meals but also for other tasks which need a lot of patience and skills as well. A research team invited 120 volunteers to do different tasks while providing them with drinks and snacks. When they focused on their tasks and their attention was distracted, they were less likely to tell how full they felt and ate more than they expected. 1．Why do people eat more with “digital pickles”? A．Because they are more focused on their meals. B．Because they are distracted by “digital pickles”. C．Because the food tastes better with “digital pickles”. D．Because the “digital pickles” make them feel hungrier. 2．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To explain how to tell you are full. B．To present how to avoid being distracted. C．To give another case that causes overeating. D．To describe the advantages of “digital pickles”. 3．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Eating While Talking B．Focusing on Our Food C．Enjoying Dinner with a Show D．Having Food with Other People 4．What is the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了“数字泡菜”（即吃饭时观看的视频）对人们饮食的影响，研究发现这种习惯会分散人们的注意力，导致人们不自觉地摄入更多热量。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“According to a research paper published (发表) in 2019, you may eat more without realization.”以及第四段“To explore the reason, the team also invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip (音乐片段) about another person eating; the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. At last, the second group ate less because they focused on their food more.”可知，人们在有“数字泡菜”的情况下会吃得更多，是因为他们的注意力被分散了，没有专注于食物。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This result works not only for eating meals but also for other tasks which need a lot of patience and skills as well. A research team invited 120 volunteers to do different tasks while providing them with drinks and snacks. When they focused on their tasks and their attention was distracted, they were less likely to tell how full they felt and ate more than they expected.”可知，最后一段通过另一个实验案例，进一步说明了注意力分散会导致人们吃得更多，即过度进食。因此，最后一段的目的是给出另一个导致过度进食的案例。故选C。 3．最佳标题题。根据文章第一段“Recently, a new type of pickle is being discussed: ‘digital pickles’. It means the videos people watch while eating.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要探讨了“数字泡菜”（即吃饭时观看的视频）对人们饮食的影响，因此最佳标题应为“Enjoying Dinner with a Show”（边看节目边享受晚餐）。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。本文第一段提出很多人认为“电子泡菜”让食物更美味；第二、三段介绍了看视频会让人们吃得更多；第四段说明了听音频让注意力不集中，人们会吃得更多；第五段说明了其他会让人吃得更多的情况。综合全文可知，本文首段主要概述“电子泡菜”，后面四段进行具体分析说明，结构为“总一分”形式。故选A。 十一 （25-26九年级上·江苏苏州·期中）Imagine you are going to give a speech the next day. The night before, you spend a lot of time thinking about the possible mistakes you might make and whether you are ready enough. Well, you might be overthinking. Overthinking means thinking about the same thing again and again, or worrying too much about even the simplest things. According to The Conversation, overthinking comes from one of our primitive instincts (原始本能) that always tries to keep us safe. It often makes us see things in a bad way and prepares us for something that might go wrong. Some people might think overthinking is helpful because it lets us see a problem from every possible side and get ready for what may happen. However, studies show that overthinking can make us feel nervous, stressed and unhappy. What’s more, overthinking might create problems with how you get along with others. As you always think the worst, make incorrect guesses or worry about every little thing others do and say, you might understand them in a wrong way. So instead of sitting and thinking about a problem again and again, you can distract (转移注意力) yourself for a bit. Your brain might find better ways to solve the problem while you are doing something fun, like gardening, or even while you are sleeping. Also, when you find yourself overthinking, challenge these thoughts. Ask yourself if they make sense and think about other possible ways. It can be hard at first, but once you notice you are overthinking, it can help you make a change. 1．At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by ________. A．telling a story B．giving an example C．answering a question D．showing a fact 2．According to the passage, why does overthinking often make us see things in a bad way? A．Because we don’t have enough time. B．Because our brain wants to keep us safe. C．Because people around us often make us nervous. D．Because we don’t know how to make the right plan. 3．What should you do when you find yourself overthinking? A．Ask others to make decisions for you. B．Keep thinking until you find the answer. C．Write down everything you are worried about. D．Challenge your thoughts and do something fun. 4．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．How to prepare a speech well. B．Why people like overthinking. C．What overthinking is and how to deal with it. D．How to get along with others. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了“过度思考”的概念、成因、负面影响及应对方法。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“Imagine you are going to give a speech the next day. The night before, you spend a lot of time thinking about the possible mistakes you might make and whether you are ready enough.”可知，这是通过一个具体的日常情境例子引入话题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“According to The Conversation, overthinking comes from one of our primitive instincts that always tries to keep us safe.”可知，过度思考源于我们想要自我保护的本能。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Your brain might find better ways to solve the problem while you are doing something fun…”和“Also, when you find yourself overthinking, challenge these thoughts.”可知，应对方法是做有趣的事并质疑这些想法。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。全文围绕“过度思考”展开，先解释其定义和成因，再说明负面影响，最后给出应对建议，C项“什么是过度思考及如何应对”全面概括了文章内容。故选C。 十二 （25-26九年级上·江苏苏州·期中）One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colors. Normally green leaves turn into orange, yellow, red and finally brown. This is called “leaf phenology”, and many people look forward to it every year. However, because of climate change, autumn is changing. According to a study that came out earlier this year, the season length is growing. It is taking longer for leaves to change their colors. And this is not the only way that climate change is ruining the season. “Trees are holding onto their leaves longer,” explained Dr. Diamond, a senior climate scientist. “In my own neighborhood, I can remember that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago than they do now. This is a personal experience, but research actually supports what we’re seeing.” Climate change isn’t just causing the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frosts (霜) according to Dr. Mann, a professor of the University of Pennsylvania. Mann said, “That means pests stay active for a longer time in autumn, leading to a greater health risk to human beings.” If there is any good news at all, though, we may be able to slow down this development. Mann pointed out that if humans limited the carbon emissions (限制碳排放), they could still stop the worst effects (影响) of climate change from hitting them during the autumn months. “A new study recently suggests that surface warming will possibly stop after carbon emissions reach zero,” Mann noted in Live Science recently. Autumn is such a wonderful season—whether it’s the golden leaves covering the grasslands in North China or the ginkgo trees (银杏树) dropping their yellow leaves in our schoolyard, it’s a gift we should keep. The beautiful autumn we protect today may be the sweet memory we will hold tomorrow. 1．Which is the effect of climate change on autumn? A．The season length is becoming shorter. B．Leaves are changing their colors and falling later. C．There are more frosts in autumn. D．Pests are no longer active. 2．What does the word “ruin” most likely mean in the passage? A．Cause damage. B．Improve greatly. C．Become more colorful. D．Change completely. 3．What does the underlined phrase “this development” refer to? A．The beautiful autumn scenery in people’s lives. B．Dr. Diamond’s memories of the autumn before. C．The autumn changes because of climate change. D．Dr. Mann’s advice on stopping carbon emissions. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To call for actions against climate change. B．To describe the beautiful colors of autumn. C．To talk about the effects of autumn changes. D．To explain the research about leaf phenology. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了气候变化对秋天的影响（如树叶变色、落叶推迟、霜冻延后等），同时指出限制碳排放可减缓这些变化，呼吁人们保护秋天。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“the season length is growing. It is taking longer for leaves to change their colors”及“Trees are holding onto their leaves longer”可知，气候变化使树叶变色和掉落的时间延后。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第一段“However, because of climate change, autumn is changing.”和第二段“And this is not the only way that climate change is ruining the season.”可知，气候变化正在“破坏”秋天。结合上下文，ruin表示“造成损害”。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据前文“because of climate change, autumn is changing”及相关影响的描述可知，“this development”指代的是“气候变化带来的秋天的变化”。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“if humans limited the carbon emissions... stop the worst effects”及“The beautiful autumn we protect today may be the sweet memory” 可知，文章目的是呼吁人们采取行动应对气候变化，保护秋天。故选A。 十三 （25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期中）①To get a better idea of how far bees usually travel, researchers at Penn State worked to develop a way to follow bees. Bees are usually studied in a lab or nearby. But the researchers wanted to develop a system that could work anywhere and be used by anyone. Let’s see what they have done. ②Researchers worked with engineers to create “AprilTags”, which are similar to QR codes (二维码). These codes are easy for cameras to find and read, even when the light isn’t good. They are smaller than a coin, and can be stuck on the back of bees without causing any harm. ③But sticking thousands of “AprilTags” was a lot of work. The researchers mainly studied young bees, tagging (贴标签) 600 of them every two weeks. Over the spring and summer, the researchers tagged over 32,000 bees spread across six different hives (蜂箱). By putting a camera powered by the sun and a tiny computer above the door to each hive, they could follow the tagged bees. They could show when each bee left the hive and when it returned. ④The new system gave the researchers a lot of information about the bees’ flying. They found that most trips outside the hive lasted 1 to 4 minutes. They thought these short trips were used for quick jobs like checking the weather. Even longer trips were shorter than 20 minutes. But about 34% of the bees took trips that lasted longer than two hours. The researchers said this could show that the bees were making longer trips to collect food. And they noticed that the bees spent more time out collecting when there were fewer flowers around. ⑤All these findings help us understand bees better. Bees are known to communicate with each other about where to collect food through a special “dance”. Now the researchers want to see how their new findings match up with the special dance. They plan to teach beekeepers and other researchers how to use their system. 1．What are the advantages of “AprilTags” according to the passage? ①Easy to read.   ②Safe to bees.   ③Cheap to buy.   ④Small in size.   ⑤Shiny in the dark. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③⑤ D．②④⑤ 2．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Bees change their flying time according to the environment. B．Short trips are used for dangerous tasks like checking weather. C．About 66% of the bees take short trips between 1 and 4 minutes. D．Young bees are chosen because they use the special dance better. 3．What is the structure of this passage? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2…) A．①②/③/④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①②③/④/⑤ 4．What will the researchers do next with their new findings? A．Tag more young bees every two weeks. B．Study how bees communicate with each other. C．Compare the special “dance” with their findings. D．Teach beekeepers how to take better care of bees. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究者研发追踪蜜蜂的 AprilTags 标签系统，介绍标签优势、大规模标记蜜蜂的实验过程、蜜蜂飞行规律相关发现，以及研究者后续的研究计划。 【详解】1．第②段说明AprilTags的优势：“These codes are easy for cameras to find and read”（易识别读取，对应①Easy to read）；“can be stuck on the back of bees without causing any harm”（对蜜蜂无伤害，对应②Safe to bees）；“They are smaller than a coin”（尺寸小巧，对应④Small in size）。文中未提及标签价格低廉、黑暗中发光，因此①②④正确，故选B。 2．第④段提到：蜜蜂外出短途飞行多为1-4分钟；花朵稀少时，蜜蜂外出采蜜耗时更长；约34%的蜜蜂外出时长超2小时。由此可推断蜜蜂会根据环境（花朵多少）改变飞行时长，故选A。 3．文章分层结构：①段：总起，介绍研究目的——研发可通用的蜜蜂追踪系统；②③④段：分述，依次介绍追踪标签AprilTags、大规模标记蜜蜂的实验操作、实验得到的蜜蜂飞行数据；⑤段：总结，说明研究发现的意义与后续研究规划。分层为①/②③④/⑤，故选B。 4．第⑤段明确说明后续计划：“They plan to see how their new findings match up with the special dance”，即对比蜜蜂独特的“舞蹈交流”和本次实验新发现，故选C。 十四 （25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期中）When hiking in Scotland, I have, from time to time, come across remote stone buildings or bothies referencing the Mountain Bothies Association (or MBA) on the doors. They look very welcoming especially if the weather is coming in. Can I use them without permission? —David Dear David, The main aim of the Mountain Bothies Association (MBA) is to keep simple shelters in faraway areas. These shelters are for anyone who loves wild and quiet places. Do you love such places? If you open the unlocked door of one of these buildings, you will find a shelter that keeps out the rain and wind. You can use it freely. There is no electricity or running water inside, but there is probably a fire or a small cooker. There may also be a few beds or simple platforms for sleeping. If you’re very lucky, someone might have left some coal or wood for you. If you’re even luckier, another hiker who wants to get out of the rain and sleep in a dry place tonight might still be there, tending a big fire and offering you a hot drink. There are more than 100 such shelters in Scotland, northern England and Wales. No two of them are the same. You don’t need to book a spot, and you don’t need to pay any money. You can just go there, and be ready to share the shelter with other people who come. Those shelters exist because MBA volunteers work very hard. You don’t have to pay, but you should tidy up after yourself—that’s like your “payment” for using the shelter. There are a few rules, also called “The Bothy Code”. All these rules are simple ways to show respect to the shelter, other visitors and the environment. They come from an agreement between the MBA and the people who own the land. You can find The Bothy Code on the MBA website or YouTube. Read it before you go. These bothies are very special to me. I have spent at least one night in every single one of them. They aren’t built fast to be bothies. Each one has a long history—its story started long before it became a shelter for hikers. They are part of our history. Next time you find an old house with a round mark on its door. Go into that house and talk to the strangers there. Now you’re part of those old stories. If you want to help make more stories, you can also be an MBA volunteer. Who knows? Maybe one day you’ll be someone who helps take care of a bothy. But for now, just start by opening the door of the bothy you find. Maybe you’ll start a whole new adventure! 1．How does the writer start the topic? A．By making a survey. B．By making a comparison. C．By listing a number. D．By asking a question. 2．What do people need to do when using the shelters? A．Book a spot in advance. B．Pay a small amount of money. C．Share with other visitors. D．Bring their own beds and coal. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．People should keep the shelters clean. B．People should leave the food for others. C．People should tell stories to strangers. D．People should first be MBA volunteers. 4．In which section of a website can we read the passage? A．Environment. B．Travel. C．Literature. D．Fashion. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文介绍苏格兰山地避难所的使用规则、特点及意义，鼓励徒步者使用并遵守规范，也可参与志愿维护。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“Do you love such places?”可知，作者通过提问开启话题，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“You can just go there, and be ready to share the shelter with other people who come.”可知，使用避难所需要和其他访客共享，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“you should tidy up after yourself—that’s like your ‘payment’ for using the shelter”可知，人们应保持避难所整洁，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“When hiking in Scotland” “shelters for hikers”可知，文章与徒步旅行相关，可在旅行板块读到，故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解--推理判断、主旨大意题考点归纳及专项训练 推理判断题 观点态度/人物评价 知识归纳 正面：positive（积极的）、hopeful（有希望的）、successful（成功的）、beneficial（有益的）、warm-hearted（热心的）、patient（有耐心的）、selfless（无私的） 负面：disappointing（令人失望的）、harmful（有害的）、critical（挑剔的）、worried（担忧的）、careless（粗心的）、lazy（懒惰的）、selfish（自私的） 中立态度：objective（客观的）、neutral（中立的） 例题1 China has become the world's largest producer and market of EVs（电车）. According to a report, 9.587 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.495 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported（出口）. The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for green, high-quality development. As a result, China's EV industry develops very quickly. At Auto（汽车） China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show, including BYD, SAIC, Geely, Li Auto, Nio, Xpeng and other brands（品牌）. China's EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It's reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation（创新） will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points（充电站）. On the other hand, more Chinese people are aware of the environmental problems. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs. EVs are the way of the future. In an ideal world, everyone benefits from innovation and green transport. Some might get there sooner than others, and will gain greater rewards. It is very likely that China will hold the lead. 观点态度题 What's the writer's attitude （态度） towards the future of China's EV industry? A．Uncertain. B．Hopeful. C．Doubtful. D．Worried. 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 根据文章主题句判断 （1）关注首尾段 首段分析：本段用数据和事实强调中国在电车领域的领先地位，奠定了积极的基调。 末段分析：第一句“EVs are the way of the future.”和第四句“It is very likely that China will hold the lead.”直接表达出对电车未来的肯定，并明确中国将持续领先，体现了作者乐观的态度。 （2）分析用词的褒贬与感情色彩 褒义词汇：encouraging（支持）、develops very quickly（发展迅速）、improve technologies（提升技术）、gain greater rewards（获得更大的回报） 结论：高频使用的是褒义词，表明作者对中国电车行业的认可/期待 。 （3）注意转折词后的态度 文章第三段提到挑战：“...EV brands cut prices...EV makers without...will face growing risks.”但后文用短语At the same time 和On the other hand引出积极的应对措施：“government is adding even more charging points”（政府行动）和“people are aware of the environmental problems...”（公众环保意识提升） 分析：作者承认中国电车行业面临的挑战，但更强调各方积极的应对措施和美好前景，态度偏向抱有希望的 而非担忧的（抱有希望的/担忧的）。 Step 2 分析选项，排除干扰项，确定答案 选项 分析 A. Uncertain.（不确定的） 文中多次用事实数据（如产量、出口量），且文末用到了表示高概率推测的表述（very likely），所以排除此项 B. Hopeful.（抱有希望的） 文中的积极用语及数据支撑体现出作者持乐观积极的态度，所以B项为正确答案 C. Doubtful.（怀疑的） 作者承认挑战但未质疑行业前景，反而强调各方积极的应对措施和电车的优势，与怀疑态度矛盾 D. Worried.（担忧的） 作者虽然提到风险，但整体用词积极且突出应对措施 文章出处题 常见设题方式 ·Where can we probably read the text? ·Where can the text be found? ·In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage? 解题步骤 Step 1 确定文章体裁 Step 2 分析文章主要内容 Step 3 对比选项，判断文章出处/来源 常见的文章特点及对应的出处/来源 特点 出处/来源 ·文章具有很强的时效性 ·关键词news，文章内容包括时间、地点、人物、事件 newspaper/news report 出现电影、活动、节目等的名称，且出现价格、时间、地点等信息 advertisement 介绍某一地区的风景名胜、特色美食或地域文化 travel guide 介绍说明科普知识或科学研究（阶段性）成果 science report/study report 介绍某设备或产品 product instructions/product guide 出现网络图标、网址或click、 homepage等词 website 涉及科学假设，推演未知等内容 science fiction 例题2 After the haircut It's getting hot. You go to have your hair cut. The barber Tony cuts off part of your hair and sweeps it away, but your hair's journey is not over after the haircut. Have you ever thought of planting your old hair after it's cut off? Some farmers do! What comes up? Not wigs（假发）, but bigger and tastier crops. Hair is full of nitrogen（氮） that helps plants to grow. When cut hair is mixed into soil, the hair breaks down, slowly letting out nitrogen so it can help flowers and vegetables got big a little faster. If you've got a wool sweater on, you're wearing a sheep's haircut. Sheep grow fine curly（弯曲的） fur called wool. All those curls make air pockets that trap heat, keeping the sheep warm. Farmers shear the sheep in summer, so the sheep don't feel too hot. And we use the hair to make warm clothes, socks, and hats. Wool can even take in rain without feeling wet. Wool also doesn't catch fire easily. What does your hair say about you? Even many years after it has been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets. Because hair is made from bits of old cells, it has trace（微量） of chemicals（化学物质） that were in the body when the hair grew. When people are kept in the situation of dangerous chemicals, these traces remain in the hair, even long after they have disappeared from the body itself. Testing hair can help doctors know if there are dangerous chemicals in the food and water. Hair can tell another important secret—whose hair is it? This can be used to help solve crimes. Hair does so many things for us. It keeps us warm and cool, helps farmers, shows mysteries, and provides endless styling fun. One thing is for sure: it's not just for wigs any more. 文章出处题 In which part of a magazine can we probably read this passage?（ ） A．History. B．Fashion. C．Science. D．Health. 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 确定文章体裁 分析文章内容：文章以头发/羊毛为线索，说明了毛发的多种用途，文章的体裁为说明文。 Step 2 分析文章主要内容 文章主题：头发/羊毛的多种用途。 关键科学词汇：nitrogen（氮）、trace（微量）、chemicals（化学物质）、solve crimes（破案） Step 3 对比选项，判断文章出处/来源 选项 是否匹配文本内容（√/×） 理由 A. History. × 无历史事件、人物或时代背景等描述 B. Fashion. × 仅提及“造型乐趣”，不是主要内容,文章的核心是毛发的用途 C. Science. √ 涉及农业、化学、物理、医学等多领域的科学知识 D. Health. × “有害化学物质检测”仅是头发的其中一个用途 由此可推断，正确答案为C项。 后文预测题 该题型主要考查学生获取和梳理语篇中一系列事件的主题和因果关系、预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局或者根据已知信息合理预测下文内容的能力。 解题步骤 Step 1 定位逻辑关键点，锁定预测依据（将表达未来事件的相关语句作为重点推理依据） （1）精读题干指定段落（如要求预测结尾，则重点读最后1~2段）。 （2）画出因果标志词（so、because、therefore）、转折标志词（but、however）、总结标志词汇（in conclusion、one thing is for sure）或问题句（Have you ever...?）。 Step 2 梳理事件关系 梳理文章中讲述的事件的关系，找出未解决的矛盾或未完结的探索。 Step 3 分析预测类型 类型 文本特征 预测结局 结尾没有总结句或提出开放式问题 预测下文内容 段落末尾提出新问题或新现象 预测伏笔发展 前文埋下伏笔，细节未展开（如solve crimes相关情节） Step 4 合理预测排除干扰 预测原则： 必须基于文本线索，禁止引入外部知识。 干扰项特征： 脱离前文主题或重复已提及内容。 例题3 My friend Julie and I are keen on creating a beautiful green town. Gardening Course Every September, our city has a special festival. Crowds of happy people go to the park, waving ribbons in their hands. That's because the gardening competition takes place there. For Julie and me, it was a pity that we couldn't take part in the competition, for that was also the first day of our high school. We buried ourselves in choosing courses. We wanted to learn all about plants, gardening and farming. Finally, a course called Agriculture and Wildlife came into our sight. We thought it would help us succeed as gardeners. Project presentation After a year's study, Julie advised me to give a presentation. There was a small plastic model of my idea on the table. On the other side of the table, my teachers were waiting to see my project—the green farm. “Good morning!” I said, “During my studies. I've learned a lot about city farming. Now, I want to do something with what I've learned.” I showed them the model. “This is the high street of our town. This is an old, nine-floor car park. No one has used it for the last two years and it's now for sale.” I continued the presentation. They could see my designs on the big screen when I talked. “I've designed a city farm using the car park building. There will be eight floors to farm fruit and vegetables. This design can help us collect rainwater to wet the soil. And we can also use energy from the sun to power the special growing lights.” “I will hire the space out to local people and they will sell everything good enough for the environment in local shops. Also, the ninth floor will be for those who want to grow their own plants.” My audience looked interested and my project got the highest mark in my class. But in the real world, it couldn't happen because the car park was not available. ▲ Later, Julie helped me search the town for the perfect place for gardening, not in front of the Town Hall or the shopping centre. We tried to look for something different. Somewhere that was not the best neighbourhood, but a poor one. One where the road was full of holes and the pavement（人行道） was all broken. At last, we made it. In the neighbourbood, we posted letters through people's doors with gardening instructions. More and more people cared about that and began to plant vegetable gardens. Then in the same neighbourhood, we put grass over those broken old pavements for the kids to play on. Finally, we put up a sign that said, “Have fun here.” When we finished, we were both covered in soil and completely exhausted. But Julie put an arm around my shoulders and smiled. “Not bad!” she said. “We can do more to make our town greener!” 后文预测题 According to the underlined sentence, Julie and the writer would most probably _ _ _ _ in the future.（ ） A．hire out their green farms for parking and camping B．find more open spaces to plant grass and vegetables C．sell their grass and vegetables to the neighbourhood D．put up more signs to ask kids to have fun on the grass 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 定位逻辑关键点，锁定预测依据 精读指定段落：画线句子位于文章尾/末 段，需重点分析最后1~2段。 预测依据：Julie所说的“do more”是核心点，暗示延续当前的行动并扩大（greener）。 Step 2 梳理事件关系 经以上分析可知，接下来作者和Julie的目标是做得更多——增加植被（grass/vegetables），让城镇更绿。 Step 3 分析预测类型 文章发展脉络为“提出梦想→想出方案→执行方案→树立新目标”，这里是基于开放性结尾预测下文/后文内容。 Step 4 合理预测排除干扰 推出结论：B项最合理，因为它对应了作者与Julie的新目标（找更多空地种草和蔬菜，才能让城镇更绿）。 判断选项正误法 例4 [2024山东烟台节选]This is the world's first try to bring samples （样本） from the moon's far side. For China, it's the second sample-return moon journey. Chang'e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the Soviet Union（苏联） and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon's near side. ... “Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang'e 6（C选项对应的原文） with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community （B选项对应的原文）,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering. 问：What can we learn from Martin Sweeting's words?（ ） A. Chang'e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks. B. Chang'e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world. C. Chang'e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon. D. Chang'e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back. 解题步骤： Step 1 画出选项中的关键信息。 Step 2 回文定位。 由题干可定位到最后一段。该教授表示，将此次嫦娥六号带回的月球背面样本与之前的月球近侧样本进行对比，对于整个国际社会都有宝贵的科学价值。 Step 3 对比选项与原文。 A选项：文中无对应信息。B选项：与原文内容同义，正确。C选项：原文提到的是嫦娥六号从月球背面采样，并不是从两面都采样。D选项：文中没有提到嫦娥六号在返回之前就对比样本。 专题训练 一 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中）When John was driving to work, someone suddenly cut him off in traffic. He screamed and yelled angrily at the driver. The driver, having a bad morning, shouted back in anger as well. All of us, sometimes, at least overreact to small things, but the reality is that it’s not worth it. Overreacting can lead to creating a bigger issue or accident. Stress in our lives can create the conditions for us to overreact. But even though doing so might let out one’s anger in the moment, it doesn’t solve the true source of the stress. All it does is to create more anxiety. Listen, it’s totally okay to feel your emotions and want to express them sometimes, but real issues start to arise when we react much more than necessary. When you overreact, it might be a sign that there are other, deeper problems you aren’t dealing with, which are called emotional triggers (诱因). Everyone has emotional triggers and here are some common ones: events that repeat maddening experiences from one’s past, situations where one feels a sense of disrespect, and moments when one’s loved ones get harmed. If we know what our triggers are, we can learn to be more in control of ourselves. Personally, I overreact whenever I work hard on something but someone is not pleased with it. I feel my ability is under attack and become defensive (防御的) right away. But then I see that my anger comes from always pushing myself to be perfect and being afraid of others’ bad words. Deep down, I feel tired and the sense of unfairness (不公平) is killing me. It may be hard for some to understand how the feeling of not being valued can drain those people who get energy from knowing their efforts are valued. Knowing this about myself, I become more aware of my reactions and try to respond to people more calmly when they offer criticism (批评), which turns out to draw me closer to others. Therefore, when you’re triggered, keep breathing deeply and cool down. Think about what just happened calmly by bringing yourself closer to truth and think about how other people might feel about things. Overreactions sometimes happen when we get over-focused on ourselves and our own emotions. Remember, no one gets a perfect life. If you aren’t totally aware of what your triggers are, it might help to reflect on the past week and all the times when something makes you sad. Understand the things that bother you the most and take action. So when you get annoyed over little things, take a moment to think calmly about what triggers you and try the above tips. By practicing, you can surely hold your temper when you are about to get mad next time. And one day you might find yourself among a closer circle. 1．Who probably shares the same emotional trigger as the writer? A．Lily, who overreacted when she heard bad comments on her report. B．Peter, who overreacted when his classmates joked about his parents. C．Ann, who overreacted when she was invited to play the game she hated. D．Mike, who overreacted when someone ran into him and refused to say “sorry”. 2．What does the word “drain” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Look forward. B．Lose heart. C．Improve oneself. D．Keep practising. 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．It’s necessary to overreact sometimes because it can make people feel calm. B．It’s common for people who care more about those around them to overreact. C．Avoiding criticism is helpful for people to keep calm and prevent overreaction. D．Finding emotional triggers helps manage overreactions and improve relationships. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Overreaction: A Guide to Perfect Emotional Control. B．Overreaction: A Terrible Way to Deal with Criticism. C．Overreaction: Knowing Triggers and Finding Calm. D．Overreaction: Managing Anger and Preventing Stress. 二 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中） Jiangsu City Football League has taken China by storm. Teams from all 13 cities in Jiangsu Province are taking part. Fans jokingly call it “Jiangsu Super League”, or “Su Chao”. The amateur (业余的) football league kicked off on May 10th, 2025. It has drawn bigger crowds than many of China’s top professional league games. By June 1, three rounds of matches had been held. Each match had about 10,000 viewers. Millions more watched them online. This fun league isn’t about superstar athletes. Most of the 516 players are not even professional players. They are students, teachers and people from all walks of life. People love the league because it’s more than just football. It’s about city pride and the shared emotional experience that football brings. The league is not only a feast of sport but also a promotion of local cultures. For example, Lianyungang team turned its home match into a seafood festival. Yangzhou showed its intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) during halftime. Each city has used the stage to present its own unique culture. The teams follow the motto “Match first, friendship fourteenth”—a funny saying that means every game is a serious fight for city pride. “We’re attracting people who don’t usually watch football,” said the vice president of Jiangsu Football Association. With tickets priced between five and ten yuan, many people come to enjoy the exciting atmosphere (气氛). Fans use playful slogans to cheer for their hometown teams. Many others joke online with funny memes (表情包). This year, the league will last seven months and play 85 matches. In the regular season, each team plays six matches at home and six away. The top eight teams will then compete for the championship. The success of the league proves that grassroots football holds great potential in China. But the best part was the idea of “universal participation and city honor”. As “Su Chao” continues, the new love for football is bringing more and more people to Jiangsu, making them fall in love with its unique charm. 1．Which of the following can we infer from the passage? A．Tickets for “Su Chao” football matches are very expensive. B．All players in Jiangsu City Football League are professional. C．Jiangsu City Football League mixes sport with local cultures. D．“Su Chao” is more popular than all of China’s top professional leagues. 2．Why do people love Jiangsu City Football League according to the passage? A．Because it shows city pride and shared emotions. B．Because it is held in 13 cities of Jiangsu Province C．Because there are many superstar athletes in the league. D．Because it only focuses on the football skills themselves. 3．How many matches will each team play in the regular season of “Su Chao”? A．6 B．8 C．12 D．85 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．“Su Chao”: A popular amateur football league in Jiangsu B．“Su Chao”: A world-wide most watched football match C．Culture displays of different cities during “Su Chao” matches D．A professional football league for superstar athletes in Jiangsu 三 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中）Recent reports show that more teens feel sad or hopeless compared with ten years ago. a________ In his new book How We Grow Up: Understanding Adolescence, journalist Matt Richtel explores the reasons behind teen stress and how adults can help. One reason why teens feel more stressed is that they have still-developing brains and think too much about what’s happening around them. b________ At the same time, they face a fast-changing world full of information—from school, friends, and online. This can lead to overthinking and worry. Many people blame (责备) phones as the main cause of their stress. Too much screen time can indeed be harmful. But it’s not the only reason. That’s why simply taking away teens’ phones won’t solve this situation. What’s more important is helping them to find a balance—getting enough sleep, staying active, and having face-to-face conversations. The teenage years are a time of big change, and this change itself is another cause of stress. c________ During this time, young people start to move from depending on their parents to being independent (独立的). This change is natural and necessary for growing up, but it can also bring stress—teens may not know how to make choices by themselves or they may worry that they can’t do things well. This worry makes them question what their parents and teachers have taught them. The process makes them feel quite stressed. That is why help from parents is so important. Sometimes, teens may feel down even in loving homes because emotions (情绪) are hard to understand. Just like an adult might get stressed at work, teens can feel too stressed to deal with many small things together. Understanding this can help parents be supportive. d________ In this way, parents can be good guides for their children. In short, mental health challenges in teens come from a mix of still-developing brains, the world around them, and the stress of growing up in a fast-changing world. To help with these problems, we shouldn’t just blame phones or be too strict with them. Instead, what matters is listening carefully, staying close to them, and guiding them with care and understanding. 1．What is more important for teens according to Paragraph 2? A．Becoming more independent. B．Finding a healthy life balance. C．Staying away from their phones. D．Dealing with emotional challenges. 2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．What else brings teens stress and worries. B．Why teens become independent of parents. C．How teens deal with stress from their parents. D．Why teens question what they’ve been taught. 3．It is better to put “Open talks and patience can build trust.” in ________. A．a B．b C．c D．d 4．How is the passage organized? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ③=Paragraph 3, ④=Paragraph 4, ⑤=Paragraph 5) A． B． C． D． 四 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中）Have you ever thought that seemingly bad events in our lives might actually carry hidden blessings? This idea is what we call the broken umbrella theory. It suggests that every small unlucky moment we are faced with in our daily lives actually has a deeper purpose. Picture this: on a rainy morning, you’re rushing to an important job interview when your umbrella breaks, water soaking your suit. Frustrated (沮丧的) and worried about your appearance, you quickly run into a coffee shop for shelter in a hurry. There, you start a conversation with a stranger, sharing your hobby, work experiences, career goals and so on. To your surprise, this person is a manager at a famous company. Impressed by your passion and excellent working experience, he offers you a well-paid job right away—a far better chance than the interview you might miss. What seems like bad luck suddenly turns into a wonderful surprise. In other words, the broken umbrella theory encourages you to change your thinking pattern. When we choose to view the world in a more positive (积极的) light, we can be less anxious and stop worrying that we can’t manage what’s going on around us. Instead of focusing on small problems that aren’t actually that serious, it helps us learn to see the bigger picture. It also pushes us to find value in the difficulties we face. This way, we become better at dealing with future troubles, thus making us more ready for the future hardships. So, next time you feel yourself becoming worried or frustrated by an inconvenience (麻烦), try reshaping your thoughts by telling yourself what you are thankful for the inconvenience. While keeping a positive mindset can go a long way, the broken umbrella theory is not without its disadvantages. Be mindful that if you only focus on positive thoughts, you’re actually stopping yourself from dealing with challenging or tough emotions. You end up just pretending (假装) everything is okay, instead of truly facing and understanding how you really feel. 1．Which of the following is an example of the broken umbrella theory? A．Getting good grades after studying hard. B．Meeting a good friend after missing a plane. C．Becoming friends again after dealing with problems. D．Losing a job because you forgot to wake up on time. 2．How does the broken umbrella theory influence you according to Paragraph 3? A．It helps you avoid small troubles in your daily life. B．It pushes you to think more about future difficulties. C．It makes you feel more worried when facing failures. D．It gets you to think positively when you are in trouble. 3．What may happen if you only care about positive thoughts? A．You may solve difficult problems smoothly. B．You may stay far away from your true feelings. C．You’ll improve your ability when dealing with troubles. D．You’ll discover more value when facing daily difficulties. 4．What is probably the best title for the text? A．Practice Makes Perfect B．Better Late Than Never C．It Never Rains But It Pours D．Every Cloud Has A Silver Lining 五 （25-26九年级上·江苏南京·期中）Making new friends isn’t easy. It can be difficult to know what to talk about, so we choose safe topics like the weather, music or books. These conversations are polite but often feel empty and don’t usually lead to a real friendship. But what if there was a way to feel close to someone much faster? Research shows there may be a quicker way to build strong connections—by asking deep, thought-provoking questions. This idea first appeared in the late 1990s, when scientists created something called the Fast-Friends Steps. In these studies, strangers were asked to discuss personal topics such as “What would a perfect day be like for you?” or “What item would you save first if your house was on fire?” After talking for just 45 minutes, participants (参与者) said they felt surprisingly close and some even stayed in touch after the study ended. Then in 2024, researchers in the Netherlands wondered if this way could also work to improve the relationships between parents and their children. During this experiment, parents spoke with their children, but instead of common small talks, parents asked more meaningful questions such as “What’s the strangest thing you have ever experienced?” or “When was the last time you felt alone?” Before and after the talks, the children completed a short questionnaire about how loved and supported they felt. Even after just nine minutes of conversation, the children’s scores increased greatly, showing that these meaningful questions helped them feel closer to their parents. Psychologists say the reason asking deep questions helps us to connect with others is because of something called “self-disclosure”. When we open up and share our personal thoughts and feelings, this creates feelings of closeness. Maybe building a close bond with someone doesn’t always take years. Sometimes, it can start in just a few minutes. 1．Which question would you use to build a real friendship with others? A．Did you catch the weather this morning? It’s freezing cold. B．Have you read the best-seller The Let Them Theory recently? C．Christmas is coming. What would you buy for your kid as a Christmas gift? D．Have you listened to Olivia Rodrigo’s new song? It’s been in my head all day. 2．What was the purpose of the 2024 experiment in the Netherlands? A．When to make children feel loved at home. B．How to help strangers become friends quickly. C．What kind of questions are meaningful to children. D．Whether deep questions can improve parent-child relationships. 3．What does the underlined word “self-disclosure” mean in the last paragraph? A．Staying in touch. B．Opening one’s heart. C．Choosing safe topics. D．Building strong connections. 4．What may be the best title of the passage? A．Small talks can build good friendship. B．Making close friends won’t take many years. C．Conversations are useful in friendship making. D．Deep questions help create closeness with others quickly. 六 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Nearly all life on the earth relies on one source of energy —the sun. Solar (太阳的) energy lights the days, warms the air and land, and drives the planet’s climate. The simplest way to get energy from the sun is from direct exposure (暴露) to its rays. In ancient China, clothes and books were taken out of homes and placed in the sunshine. This helped reduce damage from moisture (潮湿) and insects. Another clever use of solar energy is in architectural designs. This can be traced back as far as 6000 years ago. During this period, homes were built with their openings facing south. This meant that even in winter, the low rays of sunshine would reach and warm their insides. By 2000 BCE, cities were designed with streets running east to west. This ensured that each house had a south-facing section receiving the most sunlight. The ancient Chinese also created clever tools to capture energy from the sun. One notable example was yangsui (阳燧), or the “burning mirror”. This bronze, concave fire-starting tool was first used during the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046-771 BCE). The ancient Chinese knew bronze to be a reflective metal. The concave shape of yangsui also demonstrates that they understood how to gather sunlight. When the rays hit the surface of yangsui, they reflected into a single focal point. The high temperature at that focal point was sufficient to set dry plant fibers on fire. Yangsui was a particularly useful tool for cooking Indeed, The Book of Rites described how at the start of each day, the son of each household would attach yangsui to his belt. This way, he could easily start the family fire. Nowadays, solar energy is used across the country in more efficient ways. Solar water heaters, which absorb (吸收) energy from the sun, have become popular in modern-day China. These water systems arc not only cheaper and more efficient than coal or wood-burning stoves, but also help reduce CO₂. Turning sunlight into electricity is another application of solar technology. In recent years, China has added more solar power capacity than any other country. In the northwest of China, there is a first-of-its-kind, panda-shaped solar power plant. It is steering the city of Datong —previously known as the “capital of coal” —towards a greener path. Consisting of 170, 000 panels, the “panda power plant” generates 80 million kilowatt hours of solar-powered electricity each year. This is equal to the total annual electricity consumption of over 30, 000 households. 1．How does the writer explain the use of solar energy from ancient China to the present? A．By providing examples. B．By giving causes. C．By comparing conditions. D．By listing numbers. 2．Which picture below shows the working process of yangsui? A． B． C． D． 3．The following paragraph can best go after ________ Heat from the sun was also used to preserve food, such as rice, fish, meat and vegetables —a practice that continues to the present day. A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．In ancient China, people had no idea of using solar energy. B．China has been using solar energy for a very short period of time. C．Solar energy has recently been used in China in cheaper and greener ways. D．Ancient Chinese built homes with north-facing openings for more sunlight. 七 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）If a stranger (陌生人) knocked on your door asking to use your phone, would you help? How about lending them five dollars for the bus, if they said they’d return and pay you back? Nowadays, many people find it hard to trust strangers. A recent study found that our ability to trust strangers may be more than just a social or psychological characteristic—it could come from our DNA．This is important, in fact, as it turns out that trusting people might live longer and healthier lives compared to those who like to doubt others. ①________ ②________ Two main theories have appeared to explain why some people are more trusting than others. One suggests trust is a stable characteristic shaped by early life experiences. The other thinks it’s influenced by what a person always thinks about the world around them. We can easily guess the answer to the question “Would you say that most people can be trusted?” would depend on whether you’d been robbed the day before or if you’d had your missing wallet returned. ③________ This is where the recent research comes in. Edgerton, a researcher from Lund University, and his teammates have been doing research about trust. In their most recent study, with 33,882 Danish blood donors, they found a single gene (基因)—PLPP4, which has a strong connection to the personality of trusting others, and that the PLPP4 gene explained 6% of the difference in social trust among the people in the study. If you take two people who have similar education and life experiences, this gene alone could account for 6% of the difference in how much they trust others. ④________ They believe that the PLPP4 gene may soften our “fight-or-flight” survival response (反应). If our fight-or-flight system is less strong when we meet new people, it makes sense that trusting others could greatly improve our health. Indeed, if trusting others acts as something against stress, it may lower the risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. As people continue to uncover the mysteries of trust, one thing is clear: understanding its genetic roots may hold the key to developing healthier communities in the world. 1．Why does the writer begin the passage with questions? A．To test the readers’ sense of safety. B．To show how dangerous it is to trust strangers. C．To challenge readers to make a difficult choice. D．To introduce the topic by connecting to readers’ own lives. 2．According to paragraph 3, what might make you trust people less today? A．If you had a happy childhood. B．If you once faced difficulties at work. C．If you were not educated well at a young age. D．If you were treated in a dishonest way by others. 3．The following sentence can be put at ________. What makes some people more trusting? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 4．What can we know from the passage? A．We should trust strangers more so that we can live longer. B．Trust may come from our body and is good for our health. C．The PLPP4 gene may lead to our natural fear response to strangers. D．People’s trust levels are mainly shaped by their childhood experiences. 八 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中） Chen Ning Yang—A Giant of Modern Physics Chen Ning Yang, one of the most influential physicists of the twentieth century, passed away in Beijing on October 18, 2025, at the age of 103. His ideas transformed our understanding of nature and shaped the very foundations of modern physics. Born in 1922 in Hefei, Anhui Province, Yang showed exceptional talent in mathematics and science from an early age. He studied at Southwest Associated University during wartime China and later completed his PhD at the University of Chicago in 1948, under the supervision of the famous physicist Enrico Fermi. In 1956, Yang and his colleague Tsung-Dao Lee proposed a revolutionary idea—that the law of parity conservation might not hold in weak nuclear interactions. At the time, most scientists believed nature treated “left” and “right” equally. The following year, experimental physicist Chien-Shiung Wu confirmed the effect, proving that the universe does, in fact, distinguish between left and right. For this discovery, Yang and Lee shared the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first Chinese scientists ever to receive this honor. The finding of parity violation was more than a scientific breakthrough—it opened a new window into the structure of matter and laid the groundwork for later developments in particle physics. Yang’s influence extended far beyond one discovery. In 1954, together with Robert Mills, he introduced what is now known as the Yang-Mills theory, a mathematical framework that describes the fundamental forces of nature. This theory later became a cornerstone of the Standard Model, the central theory explaining how subatomic particles interact. After decades in the United States, Yang returned to China in the 1990s and became a professor at Tsinghua University. He encouraged international cooperation and devoted himself to scientific education in China. Many students remember his humility, his sharp mind, and his belief that true science requires both curiosity and courage. Chen Ning Yang’s life tells a story of brilliance, integrity, and dedication. From a young scholar in wartime China to a Nobel laureate whose ideas changed physics forever, his journey reminds us that great discoveries are born from questioning the impossible. 1．What made Chen Ning Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee’s idea revolutionary? A．It proved that gravity affects all objects equally B．It suggested that nature treats “left” and “right” differently. C．It showed that time could go backward D．It explained how all the forces in nature are connected. 2．What was confirmed by Chien-Shiung Wu’s experiment? A．The law of parity conservation was always “correct”. B．The universe shows no difference between left and right. C．The parity violation predicted by Yang and Lee was real. D．Atoms behave exactly the same under all conditions. 3．Which of the following best describes the Yang-Mills theory? A．A method for predicting earthquakes. B．A mathematical model describing fundamental forces. C．A law explaining chemical reactions. D．A theory about astronomy and stars. 4．What is the main message of the article? A．Great discoveries come from questioning accepted ideas. B．Science success depends mostly on luck. C．Fame is more important than curiosity. D．Teamwork matters more than courage. 九 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Apple’s recent Vision Pro goggles may seem like a fun new piece of tech, but researchers are warning that using this product, especially over the long period, can cause a lot of problems. We already know how virtual (虚拟的) reality can influence us over the short period. For example, those who are trying to post videos of themselves doing activities like driving or skating with these headsets on are going to end up in real trouble, potentially (潜在地) harming themselves and others. The users can’t feel the right sizes and shapes of objects, especially when they move their head. The research team wore Vision Pro and Quest goggles for a few weeks while trying to carry out their everyday activities. For the safety of participants (参与者), a minder stayed nearby to make sure they did not walk into walls; Apple’s Vision Pro User Guide warns that it cannot tell all dangerous conditions, so users could be hurt when they put the goggles on. The participants reported they might have headaches. Moreover, they had problems finding the way around them, like bringing food right to their mouth while eating. Even if they were able to get used to the distance after a while, the harms were already done. These don’t go away once someone takes the goggles off as the body needs time to recover. As a result, someone who is working all day inside these goggles could go home with their system off, potentially causing an accident or harming themselves. The researchers also suggested that it can also influence social communications, because the users can’t reply in time or they may miss social signals from the conversations. This can lead to the impression of being non-human. Another problem is its potential harm on the eyes. The goggles use low-powered lasers (激光器) pointed at your eyes for near and far sensing. It is so dangerous that they warn users to stop using it if they experience changes to their vision, such as double vision or unclear vision. Besides these problems, there is another warning to consider: The Vision Pro collects lots of information about its environment. This includes everything from the user’s eye movements to the people and rooms around them, exposing (泄露) personal information about people and their environment, including their behaviors,locations and preferences. Private information could easily be shared by others if users are not careful. 1．Which phrase has the closest meaning to “recover”? A．show up B．calm down C．get better D．turn over 2．The following paragraph can best go after ________. According to the director of the Virtual Human Interaction Lab at Stanford, there are some strong reasons people should not be wearing these products for long periods. A．Paragraph 1 B．Paragraph 2 C．Paragraph 3 D．Paragraph 4 3．What can we infer from the passage about Apple’s Vision Pro goggles? A．Users make smooth conversations with others. B．Users can go upstairs safely with goggles on. C．Harms to the eyes are able to be cured. D．Users should control the using time for safety. 4．The main purpose of the passage is to show _________. A．the problems caused by goggles B．the working science of goggles C．the reasons for buying goggles D．the advice on wearing goggles 十 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）A spoonful of pickles (泡菜) can sometimes make a meal taste better. Recently, a new type of pickle is being discussed: “digital pickles”. It means the videos people watch while eating. Many people think that the videos can make their food more appetizing (引起食欲的). The topic received more than 16 million clicks on a website and about 100,000 people took part in the discussion. Many young people in China are kept company by TV shows or short videos. Many believe that their food is more delicious with the “digital pickles”. Can this habit influence your diet? According to a research paper published (发表) in 2019, you may eat more without realization. The international research team asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns for four days. The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone and eating without distraction (干扰). The team discovered that eating with distraction increased calorie ingestion (热量摄入) by about 15%. To explore the reason, the team also invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip (音乐片段) about another person eating; the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. At last, the second group ate less because they focused on their food more. This result works not only for eating meals but also for other tasks which need a lot of patience and skills as well. A research team invited 120 volunteers to do different tasks while providing them with drinks and snacks. When they focused on their tasks and their attention was distracted, they were less likely to tell how full they felt and ate more than they expected. 1．Why do people eat more with “digital pickles”? A．Because they are more focused on their meals. B．Because they are distracted by “digital pickles”. C．Because the food tastes better with “digital pickles”. D．Because the “digital pickles” make them feel hungrier. 2．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To explain how to tell you are full. B．To present how to avoid being distracted. C．To give another case that causes overeating. D．To describe the advantages of “digital pickles”. 3．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Eating While Talking B．Focusing on Our Food C．Enjoying Dinner with a Show D．Having Food with Other People 4．What is the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 十一 （25-26九年级上·江苏苏州·期中）Imagine you are going to give a speech the next day. The night before, you spend a lot of time thinking about the possible mistakes you might make and whether you are ready enough. Well, you might be overthinking. Overthinking means thinking about the same thing again and again, or worrying too much about even the simplest things. According to The Conversation, overthinking comes from one of our primitive instincts (原始本能) that always tries to keep us safe. It often makes us see things in a bad way and prepares us for something that might go wrong. Some people might think overthinking is helpful because it lets us see a problem from every possible side and get ready for what may happen. However, studies show that overthinking can make us feel nervous, stressed and unhappy. What’s more, overthinking might create problems with how you get along with others. As you always think the worst, make incorrect guesses or worry about every little thing others do and say, you might understand them in a wrong way. So instead of sitting and thinking about a problem again and again, you can distract (转移注意力) yourself for a bit. Your brain might find better ways to solve the problem while you are doing something fun, like gardening, or even while you are sleeping. Also, when you find yourself overthinking, challenge these thoughts. Ask yourself if they make sense and think about other possible ways. It can be hard at first, but once you notice you are overthinking, it can help you make a change. 1．At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by ________. A．telling a story B．giving an example C．answering a question D．showing a fact 2．According to the passage, why does overthinking often make us see things in a bad way? A．Because we don’t have enough time. B．Because our brain wants to keep us safe. C．Because people around us often make us nervous. D．Because we don’t know how to make the right plan. 3．What should you do when you find yourself overthinking? A．Ask others to make decisions for you. B．Keep thinking until you find the answer. C．Write down everything you are worried about. D．Challenge your thoughts and do something fun. 4．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．How to prepare a speech well. B．Why people like overthinking. C．What overthinking is and how to deal with it. D．How to get along with others. 十二 （25-26九年级上·江苏苏州·期中）One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colors. Normally green leaves turn into orange, yellow, red and finally brown. This is called “leaf phenology”, and many people look forward to it every year. However, because of climate change, autumn is changing. According to a study that came out earlier this year, the season length is growing. It is taking longer for leaves to change their colors. And this is not the only way that climate change is ruining the season. “Trees are holding onto their leaves longer,” explained Dr. Diamond, a senior climate scientist. “In my own neighborhood, I can remember that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago than they do now. This is a personal experience, but research actually supports what we’re seeing.” Climate change isn’t just causing the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frosts (霜) according to Dr. Mann, a professor of the University of Pennsylvania. Mann said, “That means pests stay active for a longer time in autumn, leading to a greater health risk to human beings.” If there is any good news at all, though, we may be able to slow down this development. Mann pointed out that if humans limited the carbon emissions (限制碳排放), they could still stop the worst effects (影响) of climate change from hitting them during the autumn months. “A new study recently suggests that surface warming will possibly stop after carbon emissions reach zero,” Mann noted in Live Science recently. Autumn is such a wonderful season—whether it’s the golden leaves covering the grasslands in North China or the ginkgo trees (银杏树) dropping their yellow leaves in our schoolyard, it’s a gift we should keep. The beautiful autumn we protect today may be the sweet memory we will hold tomorrow. 1．Which is the effect of climate change on autumn? A．The season length is becoming shorter. B．Leaves are changing their colors and falling later. C．There are more frosts in autumn. D．Pests are no longer active. 2．What does the word “ruin” most likely mean in the passage? A．Cause damage. B．Improve greatly. C．Become more colorful. D．Change completely. 3．What does the underlined phrase “this development” refer to? A．The beautiful autumn scenery in people’s lives. B．Dr. Diamond’s memories of the autumn before. C．The autumn changes because of climate change. D．Dr. Mann’s advice on stopping carbon emissions. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To call for actions against climate change. B．To describe the beautiful colors of autumn. C．To talk about the effects of autumn changes. D．To explain the research about leaf phenology. 十三 （25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期中）①To get a better idea of how far bees usually travel, researchers at Penn State worked to develop a way to follow bees. Bees are usually studied in a lab or nearby. But the researchers wanted to develop a system that could work anywhere and be used by anyone. Let’s see what they have done. ②Researchers worked with engineers to create “AprilTags”, which are similar to QR codes (二维码). These codes are easy for cameras to find and read, even when the light isn’t good. They are smaller than a coin, and can be stuck on the back of bees without causing any harm. ③But sticking thousands of “AprilTags” was a lot of work. The researchers mainly studied young bees, tagging (贴标签) 600 of them every two weeks. Over the spring and summer, the researchers tagged over 32,000 bees spread across six different hives (蜂箱). By putting a camera powered by the sun and a tiny computer above the door to each hive, they could follow the tagged bees. They could show when each bee left the hive and when it returned. ④The new system gave the researchers a lot of information about the bees’ flying. They found that most trips outside the hive lasted 1 to 4 minutes. They thought these short trips were used for quick jobs like checking the weather. Even longer trips were shorter than 20 minutes. But about 34% of the bees took trips that lasted longer than two hours. The researchers said this could show that the bees were making longer trips to collect food. And they noticed that the bees spent more time out collecting when there were fewer flowers around. ⑤All these findings help us understand bees better. Bees are known to communicate with each other about where to collect food through a special “dance”. Now the researchers want to see how their new findings match up with the special dance. They plan to teach beekeepers and other researchers how to use their system. 1．What are the advantages of “AprilTags” according to the passage? ①Easy to read.   ②Safe to bees.   ③Cheap to buy.   ④Small in size.   ⑤Shiny in the dark. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③⑤ D．②④⑤ 2．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Bees change their flying time according to the environment. B．Short trips are used for dangerous tasks like checking weather. C．About 66% of the bees take short trips between 1 and 4 minutes. D．Young bees are chosen because they use the special dance better. 3．What is the structure of this passage? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2…) A．①②/③/④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①②③/④/⑤ 4．What will the researchers do next with their new findings? A．Tag more young bees every two weeks. B．Study how bees communicate with each other. C．Compare the special “dance” with their findings. D．Teach beekeepers how to take better care of bees. 十四 （25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期中）When hiking in Scotland, I have, from time to time, come across remote stone buildings or bothies referencing the Mountain Bothies Association (or MBA) on the doors. They look very welcoming especially if the weather is coming in. Can I use them without permission? —David Dear David, The main aim of the Mountain Bothies Association (MBA) is to keep simple shelters in faraway areas. These shelters are for anyone who loves wild and quiet places. Do you love such places? If you open the unlocked door of one of these buildings, you will find a shelter that keeps out the rain and wind. You can use it freely. There is no electricity or running water inside, but there is probably a fire or a small cooker. There may also be a few beds or simple platforms for sleeping. If you’re very lucky, someone might have left some coal or wood for you. If you’re even luckier, another hiker who wants to get out of the rain and sleep in a dry place tonight might still be there, tending a big fire and offering you a hot drink. There are more than 100 such shelters in Scotland, northern England and Wales. No two of them are the same. You don’t need to book a spot, and you don’t need to pay any money. You can just go there, and be ready to share the shelter with other people who come. Those shelters exist because MBA volunteers work very hard. You don’t have to pay, but you should tidy up after yourself—that’s like your “payment” for using the shelter. There are a few rules, also called “The Bothy Code”. All these rules are simple ways to show respect to the shelter, other visitors and the environment. They come from an agreement between the MBA and the people who own the land. You can find The Bothy Code on the MBA website or YouTube. Read it before you go. These bothies are very special to me. I have spent at least one night in every single one of them. They aren’t built fast to be bothies. Each one has a long history—its story started long before it became a shelter for hikers. They are part of our history. Next time you find an old house with a round mark on its door. Go into that house and talk to the strangers there. Now you’re part of those old stories. If you want to help make more stories, you can also be an MBA volunteer. Who knows? Maybe one day you’ll be someone who helps take care of a bothy. But for now, just start by opening the door of the bothy you find. Maybe you’ll start a whole new adventure! 1．How does the writer start the topic? A．By making a survey. B．By making a comparison. C．By listing a number. D．By asking a question. 2．What do people need to do when using the shelters? A．Book a spot in advance. B．Pay a small amount of money. C．Share with other visitors. D．Bring their own beds and coal. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．People should keep the shelters clean. B．People should leave the food for others. C．People should tell stories to strangers. D．People should first be MBA volunteers. 4．In which section of a website can we read the passage? A．Environment. B．Travel. C．Literature. D．Fashion. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $