2027年高考英语一轮复习调研检测卷03（广东卷）

2026年高考一轮复习调研检测卷（广东卷） 英语 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Famous Writers and Their Day Jobs Before they became household names, many of history's greatest writers held ordinary jobs to pay the bills. Far from wasting their time, these day jobs often shaped their writing in unexpected ways. Here are some of the most surprising. Franz Kafka — Insurance Clerk Today he is considered one of the most influential writers of the 20th century, but for most of his life Franz Kafka worked full time as an insurance officer in Prague. By day he processed workers' accident claims; by night he wrote The Trial and The Metamorphosis. His office experience of endless paperwork and bureaucratic rules deeply influenced the nightmarish atmosphere of his fiction. Agatha Christie — Pharmacy Assistant The “Queen of Crime,” who wrote more than 60 detective novels, learned about poisons while working as a pharmacy (药房) assistant during World War I. Her first-hand knowledge of drugs made the murders in her books shockingly realistic — and gave her detectives a scientific edge. Anthony Trollope — Post Office Inspector One of the most productive novelists in English literature, Trollope worked as a senior official in the British Post Office. He rose at 5:30 every morning, wrote for three hours before going to his day job, and traveled thousands of miles inspecting rural mail routes — experiences that filled his novels with vivid details of country life. T. S. Eliot — Bank Clerk The poet who won the Nobel Prize in Literature spent nearly 40 years working in London's financial district. He started as a bank clerk and eventually became a director of a publishing company. His office routine gave him financial stability but also inspired the famous opening of The Waste Land, where commuters flood across London Bridge “breathing dull air.” Kurt Vonnegut — Car Dealer Before becoming a best-selling novelist, Vonnegut ran a Saab car dealership in Massachusetts. The business failed, but it gave him material for his fiction. He later joked that selling cars was “the same as being a writer — you talk all day about things you don't know much about.” These writers remind us that a day job is not the enemy of creativity. Sometimes, the working world itself becomes the raw material of great literature. 21. What do we know about Kafka's daily routine? A. He wrote novels during office hours. B. He worked while studying at university. C. He worked by day and wrote by night. D. He became famous after quitting his job. 22. How did Agatha Christie's work as a pharmacy assistant help her writing? A. It taught her how to run a pharmacy. B. It gave her practical knowledge of poisons. C. It introduced her to other writers. D. It provided her with free medicine. 23. What message does the text convey? A. Famous writers usually come from poor families. B. Working experience can fuel a writer's creativity. C. Office jobs are the best choice for writers. D. Writing is not a well-paid profession. B Amelia Earhart was one of the most famous pilots of the 20th century. She broke many flying records and inspired generations of women to pursue careers in aviation (航空). But her story ends in mystery. Earhart was born in Kansas in 1897. As a child, she was adventurous and independent. She saw her first airplane at a fair in 1908, but she was not impressed. It was not until 1920, when she was 23, that she took her first ride in a plane. From that moment, she knew she had to learn to fly. She worked various jobs to pay for flying lessons and earned her pilot's license in 1921. Her big break came in 1928, when she became the first woman to cross the Atlantic by air. She was only a passenger, but the flight made her famous. In 1932, she made history again by becoming the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic — a dangerous journey that took nearly 15 hours. For this achievement, she received the Distinguished Flying Cross, one of the highest military honors in the United States. In 1937, Earhart set out to fly around the world. She completed most of the 29,000-mile journey, but on July 2, her plane disappeared over the Pacific Ocean near a tiny island called Howland Island. Despite a massive search effort, no wreckage was ever found. She was officially declared dead in 1939. Earhart's disappearance remains one of the greatest unsolved mysteries of modern history. But more than that, she is remembered for proving that women could succeed in fields traditionally closed to them. “Women must try to do things as men have tried,” she once said. “When they fail, their failure must be a challenge to others.” 24. What do we know about Earhart's first airplane ride? A. She took it at a fair in 1908. B. She took it when she was 23. C. She flew the plane herself. D. She was immediately fascinated. 25. Why did Earhart receive the Distinguished Flying Cross? A. She was the first woman to cross the Atlantic. B. She flew solo across the Pacific Ocean. C. She made the first solo transatlantic flight by a woman. D. She set up an organization for women pilots. 26. What happened to Earhart in 1937? A. She completed her round-the-world flight. B. She crashed on Howland Island. C. She was declared dead immediately. D. She disappeared during a flight. 27. What message does Earhart's story convey? A. Women are naturally better pilots. B. Failure is the mother of success. C. People should challenge social limits. D. Flying is too dangerous for women. C Obesity is one of the biggest health problems today. More than one billion people worldwide are estimated to be living with it, and it is linked to over 200 conditions ranging from diabetes and heart disease to asthma and depression. Researchers increasingly view obesity not as a mere side effect of a sedentary lifestyle, but as a chronic disease that drives other illnesses. This conceptual shift allows scientists to study obesity as an integrated biological process rather than a personal failing. Central to this new understanding is a renewed appreciation of adipose (脂肪的) tissue. Far from being passive storage for extra calories, fat tissue is a highly active organ. Fat cells not only store energy but also release hormones and inflammatory signals that circulate throughout the body, contributing to diseases in distant organs such as the liver and heart. Where fat is stored matters as much as how much. At a healthy weight, about 80% of fat lies under the skin — a relatively safe form of storage. However, with prolonged energy surplus, fat tissue becomes dysfunctional and fat begins to build up around organs such as the liver, kidneys and heart. This visceral (内脏的) fat is far more metabolically active and is responsible for much of the downstream health damage. Studies have shown that people whose bodies tend to store fat under the skin rather than around internal organs face a much lower risk of heart disease. The brain also plays a key role. Neural circuits constantly balance hunger and energy expenditure by integrating signals from the gut, pancreas and fat tissue. When people with obesity lose weight, their bodies fight back by increasing hunger and slowing metabolism, making sustained weight loss extremely difficult. This is why long-term weight loss has traditionally been so hard to achieve. Today's treatments are rapidly evolving. GLP-1-based medicines have transformed care for many patients, but not everyone responds. Experts now call for combination therapies that target multiple pathways rather than weight loss alone. Perhaps most importantly, early diagnosis is urgently needed — studies suggest roughly 30% of adults with an obesity-level BMI have never received a formal diagnosis. 28. What does the new understanding of obesity emphasize? A. It is mainly caused by a lack of exercise. B. It is a disease that harms the whole body. C. It can be cured with regular medication. D. It has little connection to mental health. 29. Why is visceral fat mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To explain how fat tissue stores calories safely. B. To show where most body fat is normally located. C. To explain why it is more harmful than subcutaneous fat. D. To prove that obesity is mainly a genetic disorder. 30. What does the underlined word “dysfunctional” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Failing to work normally. B. Growing rapidly in size. C. Being quickly reduced. D. Completely disappearing. 31. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. GLP-1 medicines work equally well for all patients. B. Most obesity patients have been diagnosed early. C. A one-size-fits-all treatment will be widely used. D. Personalized treatment and early diagnosis matter. D Last September, an artificial-intelligence firm announced it had solved one of mathematics' Millennium Prize Problems — the Navier–Stokes equations, 200-year-old differential equations that describe how fluids flow. The firm says the solution proves the equations can break down under certain conditions, which would make them unreliable for real-world fluids. The breakthrough, reported in a press release rather than a peer-reviewed paper, should have been cause for celebration. Instead, it has raised serious concerns about how AI companies credit previous work. Just twelve hours before the announcement, two mathematicians posted online that they had already found a partial solution to the same problem with the help of AI tools from both the company and its competitor. They suggested that their interactions with these tools — in particular, with an AI agent designed to assist software engineers — might have been crucial to the company's breakthrough. The company denies any improper use of user data, but the episode has left the wider research community deeply uneasy. The root of the difficulty is that AI systems are already absorbing nearly all digitized human knowledge. The neural networks (神经网络) at the heart of these models are “black boxes”: they do not keep track of what they learned, from where, or how. When they arrive at scientific discoveries, it can be almost impossible to trace where the initial ideas came from. Crucial inspiration could, in theory, have come from informal conversations between chatbots and human specialists, but there is currently no way to check. What can be done? Technology companies must be transparent about whether, how and when they collect user data, and switch from “opt-out” to “opt-in” approaches — meaning user interactions should not feed into model training unless permission is explicitly given. Independent audits are also needed to ensure that AI agents do not circumvent protections to access private data, whether from a company's own servers or from a competitor's. Academic institutions and researchers have a role too. They should carefully review the fine print of agreements with tech companies and avoid uploading unpublished manuscripts (手稿) into AI chatbots. Researchers using free versions of such tools should be especially alert to the risk that their inputs could be used to train other products. Ultimately, the scientific community must work with companies to develop a reliable system for attributing credit. Without it, trust in AI-assisted science is at risk. 32. Why did the announcement fail to bring about celebration? A. The problem was less important than expected. B. The solution was published in a press release. C. It raised concerns about proper credit to previous work. D. The solution was proved wrong by other mathematicians. 33. What do we learn about the “black boxes” in paragraph 3? A. They store all human knowledge securely. B. They cannot explain where their knowledge comes from. C. They are used to record scientific breakthroughs. D. They help trace the origin of mathematical ideas. 34. What does the “opt-in” approach in paragraph 4 require companies to do? A. Use user data only after receiving explicit permission. B. Allow users to stop data sharing whenever they wish. C. Share user data only with partner institutions. D. Audit all user interactions on a regular basis. 35. What is the author's main purpose in writing the text? A. To introduce a major mathematical breakthrough. B. To criticize AI companies for stealing ideas. C. To call for a transparent credit system in the AI age. D. To compare different AI models in mathematical research. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Rochester's Fall Activities Though outsiders might not expect it, Rochester is one of the picture-perfect fall towns. From the changing colors of the leaves to the mild weather, to fun fall-themed events, the city has plenty to offer residents and visitors. ___36___ If you're looking for Instagram-worthy fun, head to an orchard and pick apples, or visit a pumpkin patch to find the perfect jack-o-lantern. There are many cool spots around town where you can enjoy a family day out. ___37___ Both options let you enjoy the crisp autumn air and bring home a taste of the season. ___38___ Rochester has markets across the city, from Brighton to Fairport to the South Wedge. You can find fresh fruits and vegetables, warm apple cider, homemade snacks, and even interactive activities for kids. Fun festivals will also start popping up soon. The Fall Festival and Amazing Maize Maze is a great option for a family outing. ___39___ It combines the best parts of a farmers' market with the lively spirit of a German-style Oktoberfest, and it has plenty of fun activities to enjoy. For history lovers, cemetery tours and visits to historic houses are perfect fall activities. There is always something new to learn about the city's past at Mt. Hope Cemetery or Susan B. Anthony's former home. ___40___ If you prefer indoor activities, local museums like the Strong Museum of Play and the Memorial Art Gallery are also well worth a visit. Whatever your interest, Rochester has something to make your fall memorable. So go outside and explore what the season has to offer. A. Here are some of the best ways to enjoy the season. B. The best time to visit Rochester is during the autumn months. C. There are so many fall activities that choosing can be hard. D. Farmers' markets are another great way to experience the season. E. You can also take a hike through Grimes Glen to see a waterfall. F. It features games, rides, and plenty of seasonal fun for everyone. G. You can learn about the city's rich history while enjoying the weather. 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分) 第一节：(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Hannah Arendt was born in Germany in 1906 and was ___41___ to become one of the most influential political thinkers of the 20th century. As a young woman, she studied philosophy at several universities, where she came under the ___42___ of leading minds of her time. But her life took a dramatic ___43___ when the Nazis rose to power in 1933. Being Jewish, Arendt was forced to ___44___ Germany without delay. In her haste, she even ___45___ a nearly completed manuscript on a 19th-century writer. She eventually settled in Paris with her first husband. Yet as a stateless refugee, she ___46___ to find meaningful work. ___47___, she managed to secure a position with a Jewish humanitarian agency, where she taught agricultural and craft skills to fellow refugees. Though the work was physically ___48___, she threw herself into it. Before long, she became deeply ___49___ in efforts to resettle Jewish youth. In 1935, Arendt produced a report that was remarkably ___50___. She warned that the Nazis might systematically ___51___ the Jewish population of Europe. Few at the time could imagine such a catastrophe was ___52___. Undeterred, she personally accompanied a dozen teenagers to Palestine, spending two months there ___53___ arrangements for further rescues. Arendt's refugee experience would profoundly ___54___ her later work on totalitarianism. She once observed that the greatest evil lies not in cruelty, but in the ___55___ to think independently. 41. A. destined B. content C. reluctant D. determined 42. A. spell B. influence C. authority D. pressure 43. A. turn B. chance C. departure D. fortune 44. A. abandon B. desert C. flee D. reject 45. A. came across B. worked on C. left behind D. put off 46. A. desired B. struggled C. promised D. hesitated 47. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Meanwhile 48. A. exhausting B. appealing C. relaxing D. demanding 49. A. absorbed B. involved C. engaged D. buried 50. A. accurate B. cautious C. vague D. ambiguous 51. A. eliminate B. dismiss C. neglect D. reject 52. A. feasible B. possible C. available D. desirable 53. A. confirming B. completing C. arranging D. approving 54. A. reflect B. shape C. replace D. summarize 55. A. failure B. attempt C. decision D. refusal 第二节：(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The ancient town of Xizhou, located in Dali, Yunnan Province, is one of the cradles of Bai culture. ___1___ (go) back to the Tang Dynasty, it has a history of more than 1,000 years. During the Qing Dynasty, Xizhou was ___2___ important trading town along the Tea Horse Trail, ___3___ businessmen from across the region gathered to exchange tea and horses. The town is famous ___4___ its well-preserved Bai architecture. The Yan Mansion is one of the most representative ___5___ (example). It has four courtyards ___6___ (stretch) out from north to south. The mansion, ___7___ (build) in the 1940s, combines traditional Bai style with elements of Western architecture, making it unique in the region. The most precious items in the mansion are three treasures: exquisite coral glazed porcelain, a ___8___ (skill) sculpted stone carving, and a bronze Buddha with a peaceful face. They ___9___ (preserve) carefully and show the ___10___ (great) craftsmanship of local artisans. Xizhou shows not only commercial prosperity, but also a rich cultural heritage. It is a place well worth exploring. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris正在学习中文，他想选择一本中国古典文学名著来提高中文水平，在《Journey to the West》和《Dream of the Red Chamber》之间犹豫，现征求你的意见。请给Chris写一封邮件表达你的看法，内容包括： （1）你的选择； （2）说明理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分 25 分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I had been looking forward to the English Speaking Contest for a whole year. As a shy 17-year-old, I had practiced my speech every single night, reciting in front of a mirror until the words rolled off my tongue. The final was scheduled for 9 a.m. on Saturday at the community center downtown, and I was determined to make my school proud. The night before, a heavy rainstorm had swept through the city. When I stepped out the door on Saturday morning, the streets were still flooded, and the sky was a miserable gray. I pulled my raincoat tighter, grabbed my folded speech notes, and hurried to the bus stop. At the crossroads near the old bookstore, I spotted an elderly man standing alone under a tiny umbrella. His thin shoulders were shaking, and he kept glancing around as if he had lost his way. In his trembling hands, he held a crumpled envelope and a faded photograph. I hesitated. The bus to the community center was due in three minutes, and the contest was only forty minutes away. I could simply walk past — after all, it was not my responsibility, and surely someone else would help. But the old man looked so helpless that my feet refused to move. "Excuse me, sir," I said, walking over. "Are you lost?" The man's eyes lit up with relief. He told me he was trying to reach the hospital across town to visit his wife, who was in critical condition. He had taken the wrong bus and had been wandering for nearly an hour. His phone was dead, and he was afraid he would never find her in time. I checked my watch. If I helped him, I would certainly miss the contest. But as I glanced at the photograph in his hand — a young couple laughing in the sunlight — my heart softened. I guided him to a taxi, pressed my pocket money into the driver's hand for the fare, and watched until the car pulled away. By the time I reached the community center, the hall was silent. The contest was already over. I stood in the empty doorway, rain dripping from my hair, and felt tears mixing with the cold water on my cheeks. All that year of practice seemed to have slipped away like water through my fingers. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The following Monday, a visitor came to my classroom. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That evening, I sat by my desk, staring at the certificate the school had given me. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年高考一轮复习调研检测卷（广东卷） 英语·全解全析 参考答案 第二部分 阅读 第一节 （21–35） 21．C 22．B 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C 第二节 （36–40） 36．A 37．C 38．D 39．F 40．G 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 （41–55） 41．A 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．C 46．B 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．A 51．A 52．B 53．C 54．B 55．A 第二节 （1–10） 1．Going 2．an 3．where 4．for 5．examples 6．stretching 7．built 8．skillfully 9．are preserved 10．greatest 答案全解析 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了五位著名作家在成名前所从事的普通工作，说明日常工作经历往往成为文学创作的素材，激发创作力。 21．细节理解题。根据Franz Kafka部分“By day he processed workers' accident claims; by night he wrote The Trial and The Metamorphosis”可知，Kafka白天处理工伤理赔，晚上写小说，即白天工作、晚上写作。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据Agatha Christie部分“learned about poisons while working as a pharmacy assistant during World War I. Her first-hand knowledge of drugs made the murders in her books shockingly realistic”可知，药房助理的工作让她获得了毒物知识，使她小说中的谋杀情节非常逼真。故选B。 23．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“These writers remind us that a day job is not the enemy of creativity. Sometimes, the working world itself becomes the raw material of great literature”可知，文章通过五位作家的例子传达了一个信息：工作经历可以成为作家创作的素材，激发创作力。故选B。 【答案】24．B 25．C 26．D 27．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了著名女飞行员Amelia Earhart的生平与飞行成就，以及她在环球飞行中失踪的神秘故事，展现了女性勇于挑战社会限制的精神。 24．细节理解题。根据第二段“It was not until 1920, when she was 23, that she took her first ride in a plane”可知，Earhart第一次乘坐飞机是在她23岁时。A项1908年她只是看到飞机，不是乘坐；C项她当时还是乘客；D项她1908年看到飞机时并不感兴趣。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段“In 1932, she made history again by becoming the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic — a dangerous journey that took nearly 15 hours. For this achievement, she received the Distinguished Flying Cross”可知，她因成为第一个单人飞越大西洋的女性而获得杰出飞行十字勋章。A项1928年她只是乘客，不是获奖原因；B项那是1935年的成就；D项原文未提及。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段“on July 2, her plane disappeared over the Pacific Ocean near a tiny island called Howland Island”可知，1937年她在环球飞行途中失踪。A项她完成了大部分旅程但未完成；B项她在Howland Island附近失踪，并非坠毁在岛上；C项她1939年才被正式宣布死亡。故选D。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“she is remembered for proving that women could succeed in fields traditionally closed to them”以及她的名言“Women must try to do things as men have tried”可知，Earhart的故事传达了人们应该挑战社会设定的限制、勇于尝试的精神。故选C。 【答案】28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了医学界对肥胖的新认识——肥胖是一种全身性慢性疾病，并从脂肪组织、内脏脂肪、大脑调节及治疗方向等方面展开说明。 28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers increasingly view obesity not as a mere side effect of a sedentary lifestyle, but as a chronic disease that drives other illnesses”以及“it is linked to over 200 conditions ranging from diabetes and heart disease to asthma and depression”可知，新认知将肥胖视为一种全身性慢性疾病，可引发200多种疾病。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据第三段“This visceral fat is far more metabolically active and is responsible for much of the downstream health damage”以及与皮下脂肪“a relatively safe form of storage”的对比可知，提到内脏脂肪是为了说明它比皮下脂肪危害更大。故选C。 30．词义猜测题。根据第三段“However, with prolonged energy surplus, fat tissue becomes dysfunctional, compromising its ability to safely store excess energy”中“compromising its ability to safely store excess energy（损害其安全储存多余能量的能力）”的解释可知，dysfunctional意为“功能失调的、不能正常工作的”。故选A。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Experts now call for combination therapies that target multiple pathways”以及“early diagnosis is urgently needed”可推知，个性化联合治疗和早期诊断至关重要。故选D。 【答案】32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要围绕AI公司宣布解决数学难题引发的署名争议，分析了AI模型“黑箱”问题，并呼吁科技公司、学术机构与研究者共同建立透明可靠的学术署名制度。 32．细节理解题。根据第一段“The breakthrough, reported in a press release rather than a peer-reviewed paper, should have been cause for celebration. Instead, it has raised serious concerns about how AI companies credit previous work”可知，这一消息本应值得庆祝，但反而引发了人们对AI公司如何为前人工作署名的严重担忧。故选C。 33．推理判断题。根据第三段“The neural networks at the heart of these models are ‘black boxes’: they do not keep track of what they learned, from where, or how. When they arrive at scientific discoveries, it can be almost impossible to trace where the initial ideas came from”可知，“黑箱”意味着AI模型无法追踪自己学到了什么、从何处学来，即无法解释其知识来源。故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据第四段“switch from ‘opt-out’ to ‘opt-in’ approaches — meaning user interactions should not feed into model training unless permission is explicitly given”可知，opt-in方式要求公司只有在用户明确许可后才能使用其数据进行模型训练。故选A。 35．写作目的题。通读全文，作者从OpenAI宣布解决数学难题引发署名争议切入，分析了AI模型“黑箱”问题，并提出了科技公司、学术机构和研究者各自应承担的责任，最后强调“the scientific community must work with companies to develop a reliable system for attributing credit”。由此可推知，作者的写作目的是呼吁在AI时代建立透明的学术署名制度。故选C。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 【答案】36．A 37．C 38．D 39．F 40．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国罗切斯特市秋季丰富多彩的活动，包括采摘苹果、逛农贸市场、参加节日庆典和参观历史景点等，鼓励人们走出家门享受秋日时光。 36．总分关系题。第一段总述Rochester秋天有很多可做的事，后文分段介绍各种活动。A项“以下是享受这个季节的一些最佳方式”承上启下，引出下文具体活动。故选A。 37．过渡衔接题。空格前提到摘苹果和南瓜地两个选择，空格后说“这两个选择都能让你享受秋日空气”。C项“秋季活动太多，选择起来有点难”承接上文两个选择，自然引出下文。故选C。 38．段首主旨题。空格位于第三段段首，后文具体介绍Rochester各地的农贸市场及其内容。D项“农贸市场是体验这个季节的另一个好方式”作为段首主旨句，总领全段内容。故选D。 39．细节展开题。空格前介绍Fall Festival和Amazing Maize Maze是家庭出游的好选择，空格后说它结合了农贸市场和德国式庆祝的特点。F项“它有游戏、游乐设施和适合所有人的节日乐趣”具体展开节日活动内容。故选F。 40．并列关系题。空格前说历史爱好者可以参观墓地和历史建筑，空格后说如果更喜欢室内活动可以去博物馆。G项“你可以在享受天气的同时了解这座城市丰富的历史”承接历史景点话题，与后文室内活动形成对比。故选G。 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分) 第一节：(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 【答案】 41．A 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．C 46．B 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．A 51．A 52．B 53．C 54．B 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了政治思想家Hannah Arendt的生平：她在纳粹上台后流亡法国，投身犹太难民救援工作，其难民经历深刻塑造了她后来关于极权主义的研究。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Arendt1906年生于德国，注定成为20世纪最有影响力的政治思想家之一。A. destined注定的；B. content满足的；C. reluctant不情愿的；D. determined坚定的。be destined to do sth.意为“注定做某事”，符合她后来的历史地位。故选A。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在几所大学学习哲学，受到当时顶尖思想家的影响。A. spell一段时间；B. influence影响；C. authority权威；D. pressure压力。come under the influence of为固定搭配，意为"受到……的影响"。故选B。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但1933年纳粹上台时，她的生活发生了戏剧性的转折。A. turn转折；B. chance机会；C. departure离开；D. fortune财富。take a dramatic turn为常用表达，意为“发生戏剧性转变”。故选A。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为犹太人，Arendt被迫立即逃离德国。A. abandon放弃（某物）；B. desert抛弃（某人）；C. flee逃离（某地）；D. reject拒绝。根据宾语Germany和历史背景，flee最准确。故选C。 45．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：匆忙中，她甚至把一部接近完成的关于19世纪作家的手稿丢在了身后。A. came across偶然遇到；B. worked on从事；C. left behind丢下、留下；D. put off推迟。根据In her haste（匆忙中）可知她把手稿落下了。故选C。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但作为无国籍难民，她挣扎着寻找有意义的工作。A. desired渴望；B. struggled挣扎、努力；C. promised承诺；D. hesitated犹豫。struggle to do sth.意为“艰难地做某事”，符合难民处境。故选B。 47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她在一个犹太人道主义机构找到了一份工作。前文说她找不到工作，后文说找到了，前后为转折关系。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover而且；C. However然而；D. Meanwhile同时。故选C。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管这份工作体力上要求很高，她还是全身心投入。A. exhausting令人疲惫的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. relaxing放松的；D. demanding要求高的。demanding既可指体力也可指脑力要求高，范围更广，且与threw herself into形成对比。故选D。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不久，她深度参与到安置犹太青年的工作中。be/become involved in为固定搭配，意为"参与、卷入"。A. absorbed in专注于；B. involved in参与；C. engaged in从事（但不与deeply搭配）；D. buried in埋头于。故选B。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1935年Arendt写了一份报告，惊人地准确。A. accurate准确的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. vague模糊的；D. ambiguous模棱两可的。她预言了纳粹的暴行，后来应验，说明报告很准确。故选A。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她警告说，纳粹可能系统性地消灭欧洲的犹太人。A. eliminate消灭；B. dismiss解雇、驳回；C. neglect忽视；D. reject拒绝。根据历史背景，eliminate最符合大屠杀的性质。故选A。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时很少有人能想象这样的灾难是可能的。A. feasible可行的（侧重计划）；B. possible可能的；C. available可用的；D. desirable理想的。possible范围最广，指事情有可能发生。故选B。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她亲自陪伴十几岁的青少年前往巴勒斯坦，在那里花了两个月时间安排进一步的救援。A. confirming确认；B. completing完成；C. arranging安排；D. approving批准。arrange arrangements为搭配，意为“做出安排”。故选C。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Arendt的难民经历深刻塑造了她后来关于极权主义的著作。A. reflect反映；B. shape塑造；C. replace替代；D. summarize总结。shape one's work/thoughts意为"塑造某人的作品/思想"。故选B。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她曾说，最大的恶不在于残忍，而在于不独立思考。A. failure失败；B. attempt尝试；C. decision决定；D. refusal拒绝。the failure to do sth.意为“未能做某事”，对应她“平庸之恶”的核心思想。故选A。 第二节：(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 【答案】 1．Going 2．an 3．where 4．for 5．examples 6．stretching 7．built 8．skillfully 9．are preserved 10．greatest 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了云南大理喜洲古镇的历史沿革、白族建筑特色及严家大院的“镇宅三宝”，展现了其商业繁荣与深厚文化底蕴。 1．考查非谓语动词。 句意：追溯到唐代，它已有1000多年历史。go back to与逻辑主语it（Xizhou）是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填Going。 2．考查冠词。 句意：清朝时，喜洲是茶马古道上一个重要的贸易城镇。important以元音音素开头，且泛指“一个重要的贸易城镇”，故用an。故填an。 3．考查定语从句。 句意：在那里，来自各地的商人聚集在此进行茶马交易。先行词是town，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故填where。 4．考查介词。 句意：这座小镇以其保存完好的白族建筑而闻名。be famous for为固定搭配，意为“因……而闻名”。故填for。 5．考查名词复数。 句意：严家大院是最具代表性的例子之一。one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，意为“……之一”。故填examples。 6．考查非谓语动词。 句意：它有四个南北延伸的院落。courtyards与stretch是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填stretching。 7．考查非谓语动词。 句意：这座建于20世纪40年代的府邸，融合了白族传统风格与西方建筑元素。mansion与build是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填built。 8．考查副词。 句意：最珍贵的藏品之一是一件雕刻精美的石雕。修饰过去分词sculpted需用副词形式。故填skillfully。 9．考查时态语态。 句意：它们被精心保存，展现了当地工匠最精湛的工艺。They与preserve是被动关系，描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are preserved。 10．考查形容词最高级。 句意：它们展现了当地工匠最精湛的工艺。定冠词the后接形容词最高级，意为“最精湛的”。故填greatest。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m thrilled that you’re taking on the challenge of reading a classic Chinese novel! After weighing the two options, I think *Journey to the West* would be a more rewarding choice for you. First of all, the story follows the adventurous journey of the Monkey King and his companions, which is full of imaginative plots and humorous moments, making it easier to stay engaged. Moreover, the language is relatively straightforward compared with the elegant but complex prose of *Dream of the Red Chamber*, so you won’t feel overwhelmed by difficult vocabulary. Besides, you may already be familiar with some characters from TV adaptations, which can help you follow the plot more easily. I believe this book will not only improve your Chinese but also give you a fascinating glimpse into Chinese mythology and culture. Let me know if you’d like a copy! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文（建议信）。要求考生给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件，在两本中国古典名著中推荐一本并说明理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 挑战：challenge → task 有回报的：rewarding → fulfilling/gratifying 相对地：relatively → comparatively 迷人的：fascinating → captivating/engaging 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句： 原句：The story follows the adventurous journey of the Monkey King and his companions, which is full of imaginative plots and humorous moments. 拓展句：The story, which follows the adventurous journey of the Monkey King and his companions, is full of imaginative plots and humorous moments. 【点睛】【高分句型1】After weighing the two options, I think *Journey to the West* would be a more rewarding choice for you.（动名词作介词宾语，宾语从句） 【高分句型2】First of all, the story follows the adventurous journey of the Monkey King and his companions, which is full of imaginative plots and humorous moments, making it easier to stay engaged.（which引导非限制性定语从句，现在分词making作结果状语） 【高分句型3】Besides, you may already be familiar with some characters from TV adaptations, which can help you follow the plot more easily.（which引导非限制性定语从句） 第二节 (满分 25 分) 【答案】 The following Monday, a visitor came to my classroom. To my surprise, it was the elderly man from the crossroads, walking slowly beside our head teacher. Standing before the class, he told everyone how a shy teenager had given him her last pocket money and sent him by taxi across the city to his wife in the hospital. "She opened her eyes and smiled when I reached her bedside," he said softly. The whole room went quiet. That same afternoon, the contest organizers, moved by the story, sent a special certificate to our school, praising the kindness I had shown. That evening, I sat by my desk, staring at the certificate the school had given me. Outside, the rain had finally stopped, and faint sunlight broke through the clouds. I thought of that Saturday morning — the flooded streets, the trembling hands, the faded photograph of the young couple. I had lost my chance to stand on that stage, yet something told me I had not really lost at all. I had chosen another person's final moments beside his wife over my own ambition, and in doing so, I understood that true success is measured not by a trophy on a shelf, but by the lives we touch along the way. 【导语】本文以“一次艰难的抉择”为线索展开：腼腆的“我”为英语演讲决赛准备了整整一年，决赛当日清晨冒雨赴赛，在十字路口偶遇迷路的老人。得知老人要赶去医院见病危的妻子，“我”毅然放弃比赛，掏钱送老人乘出租车前往，自己却错失机会、泪洒赛场。文章通过这一“个人梦想与他人急需”的冲突，引导考生续写善举的后续影响与主人公的成长感悟，传递“善良无须观众，选择定义人生”的价值主题。 【详解】1.段落续写： ① 由第一段首句“The following Monday, a visitor came to my classroom.”可知，第一段应写老人亲赴学校当面致谢，并交代老人妻子的结局（及时见到），进而引出比赛主办方听闻事迹后特别颁发证书——既回应上文“错失比赛”的遗憾，又以意外回馈完成情节反转。 ② 由第二段首句“That evening, I sat by my desk, staring at the certificate the school had given me.”可知，首句给出“傍晚书桌前凝视证书”的静态场景，考生可借此自然展开：先写环境（雨停、阳光），再写回忆（那个周六清晨的抉择），最后在对比“失去奖杯”与“收获善意”中点题升华——真正的成功不在于奖状，而在于被我们温暖过的生命。这一句比直接喊出“我学到了一课”更有画面感，也给考生留出了由景入情、由事入理的过渡空间。 2. 续写线索： 周一访客到校 → 老人含泪致谢 → 交代妻子及时获救 → 比赛方颁发善意证书 → 得失对比 → 反思抉择 → 升华主题 3.词汇激活 行为类： ① 走近：walk over / step forward / approach ② 抵达：arrive / reach / make it to ③ 赞扬：praise / applaud / speak highly of 情绪类： ① 宽慰的：relieved / thankful / grateful ② 珍贵的：precious / priceless / invaluable ③ 坚定的：determined / resolute / firm 【点睛】【高分句型1】To my surprise, it was the elderly man from the crossroads, walking slowly beside our head teacher.（现在分词短语作伴随状语，画面感强） 【高分句型2】"She opened her eyes and smiled when I reached her bedside," he said softly. The whole room went quiet, and some classmates wiped their eyes.（直接引语 + 场景白描，以细节代替说教，情感真挚） 【高分句型3】Outside, the rain had finally stopped, and faint sunlight broke through the clouds.（环境描写烘托心境，雨过天晴暗示内心释然，情景交融） 【高分句型4】I had chosen another person's final moments beside his wife over my own ambition, and in doing so, I understood that true success is measured not by a trophy on a shelf, but by the lives we touch along the way.（that引导宾语从句 + not...but...平行结构 + 省略that的定语从句，由事入理，收束有力） 1 / 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年高考一轮复习调研检测卷（广东卷） 英语·全解全析 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Famous Writers and Their Day Jobs Before they became household names, many of history's greatest writers held ordinary jobs to pay the bills. Far from wasting their time, these day jobs often shaped their writing in unexpected ways. Here are some of the most surprising. Franz Kafka — Insurance Clerk Today he is considered one of the most influential writers of the 20th century, but for most of his life Franz Kafka worked full time as an insurance officer in Prague. By day he processed workers' accident claims; by night he wrote The Trial and The Metamorphosis. His office experience of endless paperwork and bureaucratic rules deeply influenced the nightmarish atmosphere of his fiction. Agatha Christie — Pharmacy Assistant The “Queen of Crime,” who wrote more than 60 detective novels, learned about poisons while working as a pharmacy (药房) assistant during World War I. Her first-hand knowledge of drugs made the murders in her books shockingly realistic — and gave her detectives a scientific edge. Anthony Trollope — Post Office Inspector One of the most productive novelists in English literature, Trollope worked as a senior official in the British Post Office. He rose at 5:30 every morning, wrote for three hours before going to his day job, and traveled thousands of miles inspecting rural mail routes — experiences that filled his novels with vivid details of country life. T. S. Eliot — Bank Clerk The poet who won the Nobel Prize in Literature spent nearly 40 years working in London's financial district. He started as a bank clerk and eventually became a director of a publishing company. His office routine gave him financial stability but also inspired the famous opening of The Waste Land, where commuters flood across London Bridge “breathing dull air.” Kurt Vonnegut — Car Dealer Before becoming a best-selling novelist, Vonnegut ran a Saab car dealership in Massachusetts. The business failed, but it gave him material for his fiction. He later joked that selling cars was “the same as being a writer — you talk all day about things you don't know much about.” These writers remind us that a day job is not the enemy of creativity. Sometimes, the working world itself becomes the raw material of great literature. 21. What do we know about Kafka's daily routine? A. He wrote novels during office hours. B. He worked while studying at university. C. He worked by day and wrote by night. D. He became famous after quitting his job. 22. How did Agatha Christie's work as a pharmacy assistant help her writing? A. It taught her how to run a pharmacy. B. It gave her practical knowledge of poisons. C. It introduced her to other writers. D. It provided her with free medicine. 23. What message does the text convey? A. Famous writers usually come from poor families. B. Working experience can fuel a writer's creativity. C. Office jobs are the best choice for writers. D. Writing is not a well-paid profession. 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了五位著名作家在成名前所从事的普通工作，说明日常工作经历往往成为文学创作的素材，激发创作力。 21．细节理解题。根据Franz Kafka部分“By day he processed workers' accident claims; by night he wrote The Trial and The Metamorphosis”可知，Kafka白天处理工伤理赔，晚上写小说，即白天工作、晚上写作。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据Agatha Christie部分“learned about poisons while working as a pharmacy assistant during World War I. Her first-hand knowledge of drugs made the murders in her books shockingly realistic”可知，药房助理的工作让她获得了毒物知识，使她小说中的谋杀情节非常逼真。故选B。 23．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“These writers remind us that a day job is not the enemy of creativity. Sometimes, the working world itself becomes the raw material of great literature”可知，文章通过五位作家的例子传达了一个信息：工作经历可以成为作家创作的素材，激发创作力。故选B。 B Amelia Earhart was one of the most famous pilots of the 20th century. She broke many flying records and inspired generations of women to pursue careers in aviation (航空). But her story ends in mystery. Earhart was born in Kansas in 1897. As a child, she was adventurous and independent. She saw her first airplane at a fair in 1908, but she was not impressed. It was not until 1920, when she was 23, that she took her first ride in a plane. From that moment, she knew she had to learn to fly. She worked various jobs to pay for flying lessons and earned her pilot's license in 1921. Her big break came in 1928, when she became the first woman to cross the Atlantic by air. She was only a passenger, but the flight made her famous. In 1932, she made history again by becoming the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic — a dangerous journey that took nearly 15 hours. For this achievement, she received the Distinguished Flying Cross, one of the highest military honors in the United States. In 1937, Earhart set out to fly around the world. She completed most of the 29,000-mile journey, but on July 2, her plane disappeared over the Pacific Ocean near a tiny island called Howland Island. Despite a massive search effort, no wreckage was ever found. She was officially declared dead in 1939. Earhart's disappearance remains one of the greatest unsolved mysteries of modern history. But more than that, she is remembered for proving that women could succeed in fields traditionally closed to them. “Women must try to do things as men have tried,” she once said. “When they fail, their failure must be a challenge to others.” 24. What do we know about Earhart's first airplane ride? A. She took it at a fair in 1908. B. She took it when she was 23. C. She flew the plane herself. D. She was immediately fascinated. 25. Why did Earhart receive the Distinguished Flying Cross? A. She was the first woman to cross the Atlantic. B. She flew solo across the Pacific Ocean. C. She made the first solo transatlantic flight by a woman. D. She set up an organization for women pilots. 26. What happened to Earhart in 1937? A. She completed her round-the-world flight. B. She crashed on Howland Island. C. She was declared dead immediately. D. She disappeared during a flight. 27. What message does Earhart's story convey? A. Women are naturally better pilots. B. Failure is the mother of success. C. People should challenge social limits. D. Flying is too dangerous for women. 【答案】24．B 25．C 26．D 27．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了著名女飞行员Amelia Earhart的生平与飞行成就，以及她在环球飞行中失踪的神秘故事，展现了女性勇于挑战社会限制的精神。 24．细节理解题。根据第二段“It was not until 1920, when she was 23, that she took her first ride in a plane”可知，Earhart第一次乘坐飞机是在她23岁时。A项1908年她只是看到飞机，不是乘坐；C项她当时还是乘客；D项她1908年看到飞机时并不感兴趣。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段“In 1932, she made history again by becoming the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic — a dangerous journey that took nearly 15 hours. For this achievement, she received the Distinguished Flying Cross”可知，她因成为第一个单人飞越大西洋的女性而获得杰出飞行十字勋章。A项1928年她只是乘客，不是获奖原因；B项那是1935年的成就；D项原文未提及。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段“on July 2, her plane disappeared over the Pacific Ocean near a tiny island called Howland Island”可知，1937年她在环球飞行途中失踪。A项她完成了大部分旅程但未完成；B项她在Howland Island附近失踪，并非坠毁在岛上；C项她1939年才被正式宣布死亡。故选D。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“she is remembered for proving that women could succeed in fields traditionally closed to them”以及她的名言“Women must try to do things as men have tried”可知，Earhart的故事传达了人们应该挑战社会设定的限制、勇于尝试的精神。故选C。 C Obesity is one of the biggest health problems today. More than one billion people worldwide are estimated to be living with it, and it is linked to over 200 conditions ranging from diabetes and heart disease to asthma and depression. Researchers increasingly view obesity not as a mere side effect of a sedentary lifestyle, but as a chronic disease that drives other illnesses. This conceptual shift allows scientists to study obesity as an integrated biological process rather than a personal failing. Central to this new understanding is a renewed appreciation of adipose (脂肪的) tissue. Far from being passive storage for extra calories, fat tissue is a highly active organ. Fat cells not only store energy but also release hormones and inflammatory signals that circulate throughout the body, contributing to diseases in distant organs such as the liver and heart. Where fat is stored matters as much as how much. At a healthy weight, about 80% of fat lies under the skin — a relatively safe form of storage. However, with prolonged energy surplus, fat tissue becomes dysfunctional and fat begins to build up around organs such as the liver, kidneys and heart. This visceral (内脏的) fat is far more metabolically active and is responsible for much of the downstream health damage. Studies have shown that people whose bodies tend to store fat under the skin rather than around internal organs face a much lower risk of heart disease. The brain also plays a key role. Neural circuits constantly balance hunger and energy expenditure by integrating signals from the gut, pancreas and fat tissue. When people with obesity lose weight, their bodies fight back by increasing hunger and slowing metabolism, making sustained weight loss extremely difficult. This is why long-term weight loss has traditionally been so hard to achieve. Today's treatments are rapidly evolving. GLP-1-based medicines have transformed care for many patients, but not everyone responds. Experts now call for combination therapies that target multiple pathways rather than weight loss alone. Perhaps most importantly, early diagnosis is urgently needed — studies suggest roughly 30% of adults with an obesity-level BMI have never received a formal diagnosis. 28. What does the new understanding of obesity emphasize? A. It is mainly caused by a lack of exercise. B. It is a disease that harms the whole body. C. It can be cured with regular medication. D. It has little connection to mental health. 29. Why is visceral fat mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To explain how fat tissue stores calories safely. B. To show where most body fat is normally located. C. To explain why it is more harmful than subcutaneous fat. D. To prove that obesity is mainly a genetic disorder. 30. What does the underlined word “dysfunctional” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Failing to work normally. B. Growing rapidly in size. C. Being quickly reduced. D. Completely disappearing. 31. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. GLP-1 medicines work equally well for all patients. B. Most obesity patients have been diagnosed early. C. A one-size-fits-all treatment will be widely used. D. Personalized treatment and early diagnosis matter. 【答案】28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了医学界对肥胖的新认识——肥胖是一种全身性慢性疾病，并从脂肪组织、内脏脂肪、大脑调节及治疗方向等方面展开说明。 28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers increasingly view obesity not as a mere side effect of a sedentary lifestyle, but as a chronic disease that drives other illnesses”以及“it is linked to over 200 conditions ranging from diabetes and heart disease to asthma and depression”可知，新认知将肥胖视为一种全身性慢性疾病，可引发200多种疾病。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据第三段“This visceral fat is far more metabolically active and is responsible for much of the downstream health damage”以及与皮下脂肪“a relatively safe form of storage”的对比可知，提到内脏脂肪是为了说明它比皮下脂肪危害更大。故选C。 30．词义猜测题。根据第三段“However, with prolonged energy surplus, fat tissue becomes dysfunctional, compromising its ability to safely store excess energy”中“compromising its ability to safely store excess energy（损害其安全储存多余能量的能力）”的解释可知，dysfunctional意为“功能失调的、不能正常工作的”。故选A。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Experts now call for combination therapies that target multiple pathways”以及“early diagnosis is urgently needed”可推知，个性化联合治疗和早期诊断至关重要。故选D。 D Last September, an artificial-intelligence firm announced it had solved one of mathematics' Millennium Prize Problems — the Navier–Stokes equations, 200-year-old differential equations that describe how fluids flow. The firm says the solution proves the equations can break down under certain conditions, which would make them unreliable for real-world fluids. The breakthrough, reported in a press release rather than a peer-reviewed paper, should have been cause for celebration. Instead, it has raised serious concerns about how AI companies credit previous work. Just twelve hours before the announcement, two mathematicians posted online that they had already found a partial solution to the same problem with the help of AI tools from both the company and its competitor. They suggested that their interactions with these tools — in particular, with an AI agent designed to assist software engineers — might have been crucial to the company's breakthrough. The company denies any improper use of user data, but the episode has left the wider research community deeply uneasy. The root of the difficulty is that AI systems are already absorbing nearly all digitized human knowledge. The neural networks (神经网络) at the heart of these models are “black boxes”: they do not keep track of what they learned, from where, or how. When they arrive at scientific discoveries, it can be almost impossible to trace where the initial ideas came from. Crucial inspiration could, in theory, have come from informal conversations between chatbots and human specialists, but there is currently no way to check. What can be done? Technology companies must be transparent about whether, how and when they collect user data, and switch from “opt-out” to “opt-in” approaches — meaning user interactions should not feed into model training unless permission is explicitly given. Independent audits are also needed to ensure that AI agents do not circumvent protections to access private data, whether from a company's own servers or from a competitor's. Academic institutions and researchers have a role too. They should carefully review the fine print of agreements with tech companies and avoid uploading unpublished manuscripts (手稿) into AI chatbots. Researchers using free versions of such tools should be especially alert to the risk that their inputs could be used to train other products. Ultimately, the scientific community must work with companies to develop a reliable system for attributing credit. Without it, trust in AI-assisted science is at risk. 32. Why did the announcement fail to bring about celebration? A. The problem was less important than expected. B. The solution was published in a press release. C. It raised concerns about proper credit to previous work. D. The solution was proved wrong by other mathematicians. 33. What do we learn about the “black boxes” in paragraph 3? A. They store all human knowledge securely. B. They cannot explain where their knowledge comes from. C. They are used to record scientific breakthroughs. D. They help trace the origin of mathematical ideas. 34. What does the “opt-in” approach in paragraph 4 require companies to do? A. Use user data only after receiving explicit permission. B. Allow users to stop data sharing whenever they wish. C. Share user data only with partner institutions. D. Audit all user interactions on a regular basis. 35. What is the author's main purpose in writing the text? A. To introduce a major mathematical breakthrough. B. To criticize AI companies for stealing ideas. C. To call for a transparent credit system in the AI age. D. To compare different AI models in mathematical research. 【答案】32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要围绕AI公司宣布解决数学难题引发的署名争议，分析了AI模型“黑箱”问题，并呼吁科技公司、学术机构与研究者共同建立透明可靠的学术署名制度。 32．细节理解题。根据第一段“The breakthrough, reported in a press release rather than a peer-reviewed paper, should have been cause for celebration. Instead, it has raised serious concerns about how AI companies credit previous work”可知，这一消息本应值得庆祝，但反而引发了人们对AI公司如何为前人工作署名的严重担忧。故选C。 33．推理判断题。根据第三段“The neural networks at the heart of these models are ‘black boxes’: they do not keep track of what they learned, from where, or how. When they arrive at scientific discoveries, it can be almost impossible to trace where the initial ideas came from”可知，“黑箱”意味着AI模型无法追踪自己学到了什么、从何处学来，即无法解释其知识来源。故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据第四段“switch from ‘opt-out’ to ‘opt-in’ approaches — meaning user interactions should not feed into model training unless permission is explicitly given”可知，opt-in方式要求公司只有在用户明确许可后才能使用其数据进行模型训练。故选A。 35．写作目的题。通读全文，作者从OpenAI宣布解决数学难题引发署名争议切入，分析了AI模型“黑箱”问题，并提出了科技公司、学术机构和研究者各自应承担的责任，最后强调“the scientific community must work with companies to develop a reliable system for attributing credit”。由此可推知，作者的写作目的是呼吁在AI时代建立透明的学术署名制度。故选C。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Rochester's Fall Activities Though outsiders might not expect it, Rochester is one of the picture-perfect fall towns. From the changing colors of the leaves to the mild weather, to fun fall-themed events, the city has plenty to offer residents and visitors. ___36___ If you're looking for Instagram-worthy fun, head to an orchard and pick apples, or visit a pumpkin patch to find the perfect jack-o-lantern. There are many cool spots around town where you can enjoy a family day out. ___37___ Both options let you enjoy the crisp autumn air and bring home a taste of the season. ___38___ Rochester has markets across the city, from Brighton to Fairport to the South Wedge. You can find fresh fruits and vegetables, warm apple cider, homemade snacks, and even interactive activities for kids. Fun festivals will also start popping up soon. The Fall Festival and Amazing Maize Maze is a great option for a family outing. ___39___ It combines the best parts of a farmers' market with the lively spirit of a German-style Oktoberfest, and it has plenty of fun activities to enjoy. For history lovers, cemetery tours and visits to historic houses are perfect fall activities. There is always something new to learn about the city's past at Mt. Hope Cemetery or Susan B. Anthony's former home. ___40___ If you prefer indoor activities, local museums like the Strong Museum of Play and the Memorial Art Gallery are also well worth a visit. Whatever your interest, Rochester has something to make your fall memorable. So go outside and explore what the season has to offer. A. Here are some of the best ways to enjoy the season. B. The best time to visit Rochester is during the autumn months. C. There are so many fall activities that choosing can be hard. D. Farmers' markets are another great way to experience the season. E. You can also take a hike through Grimes Glen to see a waterfall. F. It features games, rides, and plenty of seasonal fun for everyone. G. You can learn about the city's rich history while enjoying the weather. 【答案】36．A 37．C 38．D 39．F 40．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国罗切斯特市秋季丰富多彩的活动，包括采摘苹果、逛农贸市场、参加节日庆典和参观历史景点等，鼓励人们走出家门享受秋日时光。 36．总分关系题。第一段总述Rochester秋天有很多可做的事，后文分段介绍各种活动。A项“以下是享受这个季节的一些最佳方式”承上启下，引出下文具体活动。故选A。 37．过渡衔接题。空格前提到摘苹果和南瓜地两个选择，空格后说“这两个选择都能让你享受秋日空气”。C项“秋季活动太多，选择起来有点难”承接上文两个选择，自然引出下文。故选C。 38．段首主旨题。空格位于第三段段首，后文具体介绍Rochester各地的农贸市场及其内容。D项“农贸市场是体验这个季节的另一个好方式”作为段首主旨句，总领全段内容。故选D。 39．细节展开题。空格前介绍Fall Festival和Amazing Maize Maze是家庭出游的好选择，空格后说它结合了农贸市场和德国式庆祝的特点。F项“它有游戏、游乐设施和适合所有人的节日乐趣”具体展开节日活动内容。故选F。 40．并列关系题。空格前说历史爱好者可以参观墓地和历史建筑，空格后说如果更喜欢室内活动可以去博物馆。G项“你可以在享受天气的同时了解这座城市丰富的历史”承接历史景点话题，与后文室内活动形成对比。故选G。 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分) 第一节：(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Hannah Arendt was born in Germany in 1906 and was ___41___ to become one of the most influential political thinkers of the 20th century. As a young woman, she studied philosophy at several universities, where she came under the ___42___ of leading minds of her time. But her life took a dramatic ___43___ when the Nazis rose to power in 1933. Being Jewish, Arendt was forced to ___44___ Germany without delay. In her haste, she even ___45___ a nearly completed manuscript on a 19th-century writer. She eventually settled in Paris with her first husband. Yet as a stateless refugee, she ___46___ to find meaningful work. ___47___, she managed to secure a position with a Jewish humanitarian agency, where she taught agricultural and craft skills to fellow refugees. Though the work was physically ___48___, she threw herself into it. Before long, she became deeply ___49___ in efforts to resettle Jewish youth. In 1935, Arendt produced a report that was remarkably ___50___. She warned that the Nazis might systematically ___51___ the Jewish population of Europe. Few at the time could imagine such a catastrophe was ___52___. Undeterred, she personally accompanied a dozen teenagers to Palestine, spending two months there ___53___ arrangements for further rescues. Arendt's refugee experience would profoundly ___54___ her later work on totalitarianism. She once observed that the greatest evil lies not in cruelty, but in the ___55___ to think independently. 41. A. destined B. content C. reluctant D. determined 42. A. spell B. influence C. authority D. pressure 43. A. turn B. chance C. departure D. fortune 44. A. abandon B. desert C. flee D. reject 45. A. came across B. worked on C. left behind D. put off 46. A. desired B. struggled C. promised D. hesitated 47. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Meanwhile 48. A. exhausting B. appealing C. relaxing D. demanding 49. A. absorbed B. involved C. engaged D. buried 50. A. accurate B. cautious C. vague D. ambiguous 51. A. eliminate B. dismiss C. neglect D. reject 52. A. feasible B. possible C. available D. desirable 53. A. confirming B. completing C. arranging D. approving 54. A. reflect B. shape C. replace D. summarize 55. A. failure B. attempt C. decision D. refusal 【答案】 41．A 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．C 46．B 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．A 51．A 52．B 53．C 54．B 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了政治思想家Hannah Arendt的生平：她在纳粹上台后流亡法国，投身犹太难民救援工作，其难民经历深刻塑造了她后来关于极权主义的研究。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Arendt1906年生于德国，注定成为20世纪最有影响力的政治思想家之一。A. destined注定的；B. content满足的；C. reluctant不情愿的；D. determined坚定的。be destined to do sth.意为“注定做某事”，符合她后来的历史地位。故选A。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在几所大学学习哲学，受到当时顶尖思想家的影响。A. spell一段时间；B. influence影响；C. authority权威；D. pressure压力。come under the influence of为固定搭配，意为"受到……的影响"。故选B。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但1933年纳粹上台时，她的生活发生了戏剧性的转折。A. turn转折；B. chance机会；C. departure离开；D. fortune财富。take a dramatic turn为常用表达，意为“发生戏剧性转变”。故选A。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为犹太人，Arendt被迫立即逃离德国。A. abandon放弃（某物）；B. desert抛弃（某人）；C. flee逃离（某地）；D. reject拒绝。根据宾语Germany和历史背景，flee最准确。故选C。 45．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：匆忙中，她甚至把一部接近完成的关于19世纪作家的手稿丢在了身后。A. came across偶然遇到；B. worked on从事；C. left behind丢下、留下；D. put off推迟。根据In her haste（匆忙中）可知她把手稿落下了。故选C。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但作为无国籍难民，她挣扎着寻找有意义的工作。A. desired渴望；B. struggled挣扎、努力；C. promised承诺；D. hesitated犹豫。struggle to do sth.意为“艰难地做某事”，符合难民处境。故选B。 47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她在一个犹太人道主义机构找到了一份工作。前文说她找不到工作，后文说找到了，前后为转折关系。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover而且；C. However然而；D. Meanwhile同时。故选C。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管这份工作体力上要求很高，她还是全身心投入。A. exhausting令人疲惫的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. relaxing放松的；D. demanding要求高的。demanding既可指体力也可指脑力要求高，范围更广，且与threw herself into形成对比。故选D。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不久，她深度参与到安置犹太青年的工作中。be/become involved in为固定搭配，意为"参与、卷入"。A. absorbed in专注于；B. involved in参与；C. engaged in从事（但不与deeply搭配）；D. buried in埋头于。故选B。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1935年Arendt写了一份报告，惊人地准确。A. accurate准确的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. vague模糊的；D. ambiguous模棱两可的。她预言了纳粹的暴行，后来应验，说明报告很准确。故选A。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她警告说，纳粹可能系统性地消灭欧洲的犹太人。A. eliminate消灭；B. dismiss解雇、驳回；C. neglect忽视；D. reject拒绝。根据历史背景，eliminate最符合大屠杀的性质。故选A。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时很少有人能想象这样的灾难是可能的。A. feasible可行的（侧重计划）；B. possible可能的；C. available可用的；D. desirable理想的。possible范围最广，指事情有可能发生。故选B。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她亲自陪伴十几岁的青少年前往巴勒斯坦，在那里花了两个月时间安排进一步的救援。A. confirming确认；B. completing完成；C. arranging安排；D. approving批准。arrange arrangements为搭配，意为“做出安排”。故选C。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Arendt的难民经历深刻塑造了她后来关于极权主义的著作。A. reflect反映；B. shape塑造；C. replace替代；D. summarize总结。shape one's work/thoughts意为"塑造某人的作品/思想"。故选B。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她曾说，最大的恶不在于残忍，而在于不独立思考。A. failure失败；B. attempt尝试；C. decision决定；D. refusal拒绝。the failure to do sth.意为“未能做某事”，对应她“平庸之恶”的核心思想。故选A。 第二节：(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The ancient town of Xizhou, located in Dali, Yunnan Province, is one of the cradles of Bai culture. ___1___ (go) back to the Tang Dynasty, it has a history of more than 1,000 years. During the Qing Dynasty, Xizhou was ___2___ important trading town along the Tea Horse Trail, ___3___ businessmen from across the region gathered to exchange tea and horses. The town is famous ___4___ its well-preserved Bai architecture. The Yan Mansion is one of the most representative ___5___ (example). It has four courtyards ___6___ (stretch) out from north to south. The mansion, ___7___ (build) in the 1940s, combines traditional Bai style with elements of Western architecture, making it unique in the region. The most precious items in the mansion are three treasures: exquisite coral glazed porcelain, a ___8___ (skill) sculpted stone carving, and a bronze Buddha with a peaceful face. They ___9___ (preserve) carefully and show the ___10___ (great) craftsmanship of local artisans. Xizhou shows not only commercial prosperity, but also a rich cultural heritage. It is a place well worth exploring. 【答案】 1．Going 2．an 3．where 4．for 5．examples 6．stretching 7．built 8．skillfully 9．are preserved 10．greatest 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了云南大理喜洲古镇的历史沿革、白族建筑特色及严家大院的“镇宅三宝”，展现了其商业繁荣与深厚文化底蕴。 1．考查非谓语动词。 句意：追溯到唐代，它已有1000多年历史。go back to与逻辑主语it（Xizhou）是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填Going。 2．考查冠词。 句意：清朝时，喜洲是茶马古道上一个重要的贸易城镇。important以元音音素开头，且泛指“一个重要的贸易城镇”，故用an。故填an。 3．考查定语从句。 句意：在那里，来自各地的商人聚集在此进行茶马交易。先行词是town，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故填where。 4．考查介词。 句意：这座小镇以其保存完好的白族建筑而闻名。be famous for为固定搭配，意为“因……而闻名”。故填for。 5．考查名词复数。 句意：严家大院是最具代表性的例子之一。one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，意为“……之一”。故填examples。 6．考查非谓语动词。 句意：它有四个南北延伸的院落。courtyards与stretch是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填stretching。 7．考查非谓语动词。 句意：这座建于20世纪40年代的府邸，融合了白族传统风格与西方建筑元素。mansion与build是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填built。 8．考查副词。 句意：最珍贵的藏品之一是一件雕刻精美的石雕。修饰过去分词sculpted需用副词形式。故填skillfully。 9．考查时态语态。 句意：它们被精心保存，展现了当地工匠最精湛的工艺。They与preserve是被动关系，描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are preserved。 10．考查形容词最高级。 句意：它们展现了当地工匠最精湛的工艺。定冠词the后接形容词最高级，意为“最精湛的”。故填greatest。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris正在学习中文，他想选择一本中国古典文学名著来提高中文水平，在《Journey to the West》和《Dream of the Red Chamber》之间犹豫，现征求你的意见。请给Chris写一封邮件表达你的看法，内容包括： （1）你的选择； （2）说明理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m thrilled that you’re taking on the challenge of reading a classic Chinese novel! After weighing the two options, I think *Journey to the West* would be a more rewarding choice for you. First of all, the story follows the adventurous journey of the Monkey King and his companions, which is full of imaginative plots and humorous moments, making it easier to stay engaged. Moreover, the language is relatively straightforward compared with the elegant but complex prose of *Dream of the Red Chamber*, so you won’t feel overwhelmed by difficult vocabulary. Besides, you may already be familiar with some characters from TV adaptations, which can help you follow the plot more easily. I believe this book will not only improve your Chinese but also give you a fascinating glimpse into Chinese mythology and culture. Let me know if you’d like a copy! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文（建议信）。要求考生给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件，在两本中国古典名著中推荐一本并说明理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 挑战：challenge → task 有回报的：rewarding → fulfilling/gratifying 相对地：relatively → comparatively 迷人的：fascinating → captivating/engaging 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句： 原句：The story follows the adventurous journey of the Monkey King and his companions, which is full of imaginative plots and humorous moments. 拓展句：The story, which follows the adventurous journey of the Monkey King and his companions, is full of imaginative plots and humorous moments. 【点睛】【高分句型1】After weighing the two options, I think *Journey to the West* would be a more rewarding choice for you.（动名词作介词宾语，宾语从句） 【高分句型2】First of all, the story follows the adventurous journey of the Monkey King and his companions, which is full of imaginative plots and humorous moments, making it easier to stay engaged.（which引导非限制性定语从句，现在分词making作结果状语） 【高分句型3】Besides, you may already be familiar with some characters from TV adaptations, which can help you follow the plot more easily.（which引导非限制性定语从句） 第二节 (满分 25 分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I had been looking forward to the English Speaking Contest for a whole year. As a shy 17-year-old, I had practiced my speech every single night, reciting in front of a mirror until the words rolled off my tongue. The final was scheduled for 9 a.m. on Saturday at the community center downtown, and I was determined to make my school proud. The night before, a heavy rainstorm had swept through the city. When I stepped out the door on Saturday morning, the streets were still flooded, and the sky was a miserable gray. I pulled my raincoat tighter, grabbed my folded speech notes, and hurried to the bus stop. At the crossroads near the old bookstore, I spotted an elderly man standing alone under a tiny umbrella. His thin shoulders were shaking, and he kept glancing around as if he had lost his way. In his trembling hands, he held a crumpled envelope and a faded photograph. I hesitated. The bus to the community center was due in three minutes, and the contest was only forty minutes away. I could simply walk past — after all, it was not my responsibility, and surely someone else would help. But the old man looked so helpless that my feet refused to move. "Excuse me, sir," I said, walking over. "Are you lost?" The man's eyes lit up with relief. He told me he was trying to reach the hospital across town to visit his wife, who was in critical condition. He had taken the wrong bus and had been wandering for nearly an hour. His phone was dead, and he was afraid he would never find her in time. I checked my watch. If I helped him, I would certainly miss the contest. But as I glanced at the photograph in his hand — a young couple laughing in the sunlight — my heart softened. I guided him to a taxi, pressed my pocket money into the driver's hand for the fare, and watched until the car pulled away. By the time I reached the community center, the hall was silent. The contest was already over. I stood in the empty doorway, rain dripping from my hair, and felt tears mixing with the cold water on my cheeks. All that year of practice seemed to have slipped away like water through my fingers. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The following Monday, a visitor came to my classroom. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ That evening, I sat by my desk, staring at the certificate the school had given me. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The following Monday, a visitor came to my classroom. To my surprise, it was the elderly man from the crossroads, walking slowly beside our head teacher. Standing before the class, he told everyone how a shy teenager had given him her last pocket money and sent him by taxi across the city to his wife in the hospital. "She opened her eyes and smiled when I reached her bedside," he said softly. The whole room went quiet. That same afternoon, the contest organizers, moved by the story, sent a special certificate to our school, praising the kindness I had shown. That evening, I sat by my desk, staring at the certificate the school had given me. Outside, the rain had finally stopped, and faint sunlight broke through the clouds. I thought of that Saturday morning — the flooded streets, the trembling hands, the faded photograph of the young couple. I had lost my chance to stand on that stage, yet something told me I had not really lost at all. I had chosen another person's final moments beside his wife over my own ambition, and in doing so, I understood that true success is measured not by a trophy on a shelf, but by the lives we touch along the way. 【导语】本文以“一次艰难的抉择”为线索展开：腼腆的“我”为英语演讲决赛准备了整整一年，决赛当日清晨冒雨赴赛，在十字路口偶遇迷路的老人。得知老人要赶去医院见病危的妻子，“我”毅然放弃比赛，掏钱送老人乘出租车前往，自己却错失机会、泪洒赛场。文章通过这一“个人梦想与他人急需”的冲突，引导考生续写善举的后续影响与主人公的成长感悟，传递“善良无须观众，选择定义人生”的价值主题。 【详解】1.段落续写： ① 由第一段首句“The following Monday, a visitor came to my classroom.”可知，第一段应写老人亲赴学校当面致谢，并交代老人妻子的结局（及时见到），进而引出比赛主办方听闻事迹后特别颁发证书——既回应上文“错失比赛”的遗憾，又以意外回馈完成情节反转。 ② 由第二段首句“That evening, I sat by my desk, staring at the certificate the school had given me.”可知，首句给出“傍晚书桌前凝视证书”的静态场景，考生可借此自然展开：先写环境（雨停、阳光），再写回忆（那个周六清晨的抉择），最后在对比“失去奖杯”与“收获善意”中点题升华——真正的成功不在于奖状，而在于被我们温暖过的生命。这一句比直接喊出“我学到了一课”更有画面感，也给考生留出了由景入情、由事入理的过渡空间。 2. 续写线索： 周一访客到校 → 老人含泪致谢 → 交代妻子及时获救 → 比赛方颁发善意证书 → 得失对比 → 反思抉择 → 升华主题 3.词汇激活 行为类： ① 走近：walk over / step forward / approach ② 抵达：arrive / reach / make it to ③ 赞扬：praise / applaud / speak highly of 情绪类： ① 宽慰的：relieved / thankful / grateful ② 珍贵的：precious / priceless / invaluable ③ 坚定的：determined / resolute / firm 【点睛】【高分句型1】To my surprise, it was the elderly man from the crossroads, walking slowly beside our head teacher.（现在分词短语作伴随状语，画面感强） 【高分句型2】"She opened her eyes and smiled when I reached her bedside," he said softly. The whole room went quiet, and some classmates wiped their eyes.（直接引语 + 场景白描，以细节代替说教，情感真挚） 【高分句型3】Outside, the rain had finally stopped, and faint sunlight broke through the clouds.（环境描写烘托心境，雨过天晴暗示内心释然，情景交融） 【高分句型4】I had chosen another person's final moments beside his wife over my own ambition, and in doing so, I understood that true success is measured not by a trophy on a shelf, but by the lives we touch along the way.（that引导宾语从句 + not...but...平行结构 + 省略that的定语从句，由事入理，收束有力） 1 / 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $