Unit 5 课时6 Integration D～Further study（分层作业）英语新教材译林版九年级上册

Unit 5 Music speaks 课时5 IntegrationD+Further study 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 _____n. 脑；智力 __________ n. 长笛 ________ vt. 下载 句型 1. I love classical music ___________________________________ our brain.我热爱古典音乐，因为聆听古典音乐对我们的大脑大有裨益。 2,For me,there is_______________ fantastic _______________ classic music.对我而言，没有什么比经典音乐更美妙的了。 一、单词默写。 1._______n. 脑；智力 2._________ n. 长笛 3.________ vt. 下载 2、 词组默写。 1. 什么种类________________________2.改善我们的睡眠___________________________ 2. 在...的门口 _________________________4.一样________________________________ 5.一直___________________________ 三、根据要求完成句子 2. 我热爱古典音乐，因为聆听古典音乐对我们的大脑大有裨益。 I love classical music_____ _____________________ __________________ our brain. 2.对我而言，没有什么比经典音乐更美妙的了。 For me,there is_______________________fantastic______________classic music. 一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示或首字母写出单词 1. The ______ (令人平静的) effect seemed to last for about ten minutes. 2. She grew up listening to classic ______ (摇滚乐) and dreams of playing the guitar in a band. 3. Teenagers may spend money on travelling, ______ (attend) concerts, taking online courses or doing outdoor activities. 4. Tom enjoys watching American movies except westerns because he dislikes the fights between the ______ (cowboy). 5. (2025・无锡市一模) Many people believed that former South ______ (relating to Africa or its people) president Nelson Mandela died in the 1980s in prison, but that’s not true. 6. When the b______ rang, Matt walked into the classroom with a happy heart. 7. He was more ______ (有天赋的) than many others, but he became ordinary because he didn’t get a proper education. 8. The Grand Canal is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in ______ (relating to the east) China. 9. “Each expression was a ______ (mix) of different facial movements,” said the scientist. 10. Do you like the sound of the ______ (rush) water? 11.(2026・镇江市期中) Researchers found the people who did the brain training didn’t do any better on the test after six weeks than people who had ______ (simple) been on the internet. 二、单项选择 1.---Do you know ______? ---I'm not sure. Maybe our new teacher. A. what the man in a white shirt is B. what is the man in a white shirt C. who the man in a white shirt is D. who is the man in a white shirt 2.We never doubt ______ the song Where has the time gone is ______ again and again. A. whether, well worth listening to B. that, well worth listening to C. that, very worth to listen to D. whether, very worth to listen 3.Jackie Chan is a ______ actor. He has ______ made some great movies over the years. A. successful; success B. success; succeed C. successfully; successful D. successful; successfully 4.---Look! How beautiful Jiangyin Yangtze River Bridge is! ---Yeah, The bridge ______ Jiangyin to Jingjiang. A. Connects B. connected C. connecting D. to connect 5.---What was that noise the whole morning? ---Oh, the Wang family upstairs ______ their living room. A. were decorating B. have decorating C. decorated D. are decorating 6.--- ______ the students ______ the teacher was waiting for me when I arrived at the school gate. ---What a pity! A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. Either; or 7.It doesn't need to be true! You can ______ a story. A. set up B. stay up C. make up D. put up 8.---When will the railway that connects the two cities open? --- ______ next year. Only half ______ been completed. A. Until; has B. Not until; has C. Until; have D. Not until; have 9.---So you gave her your mobile phone? --- ______. She said she'd return it to me after she bought a new one. A. My pleasure B. Not exactly C. With pleasure D. No problem 10.---I promise I will work harder this term, Miss Li. ---Well, just as the saying goes, “______” I do hope that you will act soon. A. It never rains but pours B. Many hands make light work C. Actions speak louder than words D. A friend in need is a friend indeed 三、任务型阅读。 Chinese painting Chinese painting is a main form of Chinese art. It can be traced back to paintings on Neolithic pottery (新石器时代的陶器) six or seven thousand years ago. Chinese paintings are about painted on Xuan paper or silk in ink and colour. The painters usually use brushes to paint in Chinese ink. The classic subjects in Chinese paintings are plum blossom, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum, which are so-called Four Gentlemen in Chinese paintings. Chinese paintings mix poetry or calligraphy with themes that include characters, landscapes, flowers, birds and other animals. Nowadays old Chinese paintings are highly valued and can be sold at a high price. Chinese calligraphy Chinese calligraphy is an important Chinese culture. Chinese characters can be traced back to the Shang Dynasty (1600BC—1046BC). Over thousands of years, the writing of Chinese characters has been developed into a highly regarded art form, which is often called Chinese calligraphy. The ink stick, ink stone, writing brush and paper are the four common things of calligraphy. They are known together as the Four Treasures of the Study. These four “tools” have been used by artists throughout China’s history, from ancient to modern times. Calligraphy carries the emotions, feelings and personality of the calligrapher. Many Chinese people consider Chinese calligraphy as a lifelong hobby. Most children in China take Chinese calligraphy lessons. Beijing opera Beijing opera is a special Chinese opera form dating back to the year 1790, when the famous four Anhui opera troupes first came to Beijing in celebration of the 80th birthday of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. Some local opera, mixed with features in Beijing, after five or six years’ development, because Beijing opera. Today Beijing opera is filled with music, acrobatic dance and special costumes to tell stories from Chinese history and folk stories. Title: _a___1____ forms of China Chinese _p__2_____ · It has a long _h___3____ of six or seven thousand years. · People __u__4____ Chinese ink and colour to draw Chinese paintings on Xuan paper or silk. · Plum blossom, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum are four classic subjects in Chinese paintings. Chinese calligraphy · It ___a_5____ in the Shang Dynasty. · Chinese people think ___6__h___ of this art form—Chinese calligraphy. · The Four Treasures of the Study are the ink stick, ink stone, writing brush and paper. · A number of Chinese people think that calligraphy can be __c_7_____ as their lifelong hobby. Beijing opera · It was _d__8_____ over 200 years ago. · It is a mixture of __l__9____ opera in Anhui Province and some features in Beijing. · Today we can _l__10_____ Chinese history and folk stories from it. 1、 阅读理解 （2026·江苏南京·一模）Dark, cold and wet, a cave deep in the mountains of Wulong district, Chongqing, welcomed special visitors in winter. From December 2025 to January 2026, 28 astronauts joined China’s first cave-training mission, reported Xinhua. They were divided into four teams, with each team spending six days and five nights in the cave while carrying out tasks such as scientific research and basic life-support work. The cave environment shares many similarities with space. Astronauts are separated from the outside world, have very little room to move and have limited privacy or physical comfort. These conditions can be copied in special training areas, but nothing is better than the real experience and unexpected challenges of a natural cave, according to Beijing Daily. Inside the cave, the temperature stays at an average of about 8 C, and the humidity (湿度) reaches up to 99 percent. The cave has many narrow passages and steep rock walls, pushing astronauts to their physical limits. Sudden dangers, such as falling rocks or getting lost, help astronauts improve their quick-thinking and decision-making skills. Cave training also helps astronauts develop mental strength. Jiang Yuan, a psychological trainer for the astronauts, entered the cave herself during the early planning stage. “The biggest challenge for me was the darkness,” Jiang told Xinhua. “I lost track of time, my memory started to blur and my reactions slowed down.” Zhu Yangzhu, an astronaut who joined the cave training, also mentioned the strange quietness, similar to space. “We could hear our own heartbeat and breath,” he told CGTN after coming out of the cave. Humans are active during the day and enjoy social contact. Staying too long in darkness and being alone can cause anxiety and even hallucinations (幻觉), according to the American Psychological Association. To help astronauts get used to life in the cave, Jiang and her team used group support methods. “The data we gathered will help guide future long-term space station missions and manned lunar missions,” Jiang told Xinhua. The European Space Agency (ESA) began studying the use of natural caves for astronaut training in 2005. Ye Guangfu took part in one of ESA’s cave training programs in Italy in 2016. “Compared with the European training, our support team intervened (干预) as little as possible,” Ye told Xinhua. This allows astronauts to trust their own instincts (直觉) and solve problems on their own, he added. 1．What is the key reason a natural cave is better than special training areas for astronaut training? A．Its conditions are closer to those in real space. B．It costs less than specially built training areas. C．It gives trainees a more comfortable environment. D．It offers real experience and unplanned challenges. 2．How did the psychological team help astronauts adapt to life in the cave? A．By recording their health data. B．By giving individual guidance. C．By using group support methods. D．By arranging (安排) specific social activities. 3．According to Ye, how was China’s cave training different from ESA’s training? A．It lasted longer per session. B．Its safety measures were more complete. C．Its support team was less involved. D．It was more physically challenging. Passage 2 （2026·江苏南通·一模） The basic aerodynamics used to make a paper airplane is very similar to the aerodynamics of a real plane. A simple piece of paper will fall down when it is dropped. But if we fold the paper in a specific manner, it will fly. There are four types of forces in physics that play important roles in making a paper airplane soar in the air. Surely lift is a force that holds the airplane in the air. It acts directly against the weight of the airplane. Though the whole plane uses this force, the wings are the ones that bring it to the maximum level. Both the upper and lower surfaces of the wings are responsible for turning the flow of air. Thrust is the forward force that is used to push the airplane in the forward direction. It comes from the engines of a real aircraft, but for a paper airplane, the human hand artificially produces this force while throwing the plane hard into air. Drag, also known as air resistance, is a force to prevent an object moving in gas or liquid. This force stops the movement of the aircraft in air. It occurs due to the surface friction between the solid surface of the airplane and air molecules. This too acts through the center of pressure of the object. Another force is gravity acting on the airplane and continually trying to pull it down towards the earth. A real aircraft makes use of many lift, drag, and thrust forces against the gravitational force. In case of a paper airplane, when we fly it in the air with some energy, it uses that energy to stay in air for some time. As the energy goes on reducing, the plane moves downwards. As a result, the airplane fails to remain in the sky when all the energy is exhausted. The wetness of the air also has a great effect on the flight of a paper airplane. As paper takes in water, it changes the density of the airplane finally. So making the airplane out of a thick piece of paper proves to be more effective. A real plane has additional parts used for efficient flying. To some degree, the weight of the passengers and luggage affect the above types of forces. Therefore, next time you make a paper airplane, keep in mind these points to make one that has a long-lasting flight. 1．The force of lift is used by ________ to hold the airplane in the air. A．only the wings B．the engines C．both the surfaces D．the whole plane 2．Which is the right chart showing the four types of forces? A．B．C． D． 3．The underlined word “exhausted” in Paragraph 6 most probably means “________”. A．used up completely B．filled up immediately C．pushed forward heavily D．acted on the plane strongly 4．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A．A real aircraft can only make use of one or two types of the forces mentioned. B．The paper plane made out of thick paper is unable to have a long-lasting flight. C．Aerodynamics studies the movements of the air and the moving object in the air. D．Compared with sunny days, the paper plane can fly much farther when it is wet. 二、语法填空 Passage 1 （2026·江苏南通·一模）根据句意，用括号内所给单词的正确形式或正确时态语态填空。 Recently the Sir Percival David Foundation gifted the world-famous private collection of Chinese ceramics to the British Museum permanently, a donation that 1 (describe) as the highest value object gift in UK museum history. The 1,700 pieces, 2 (estimate) at around £1bn, include such treasures as the 1351 blue-and-white “David vases,” the 3 (delicate) painted “chicken cup,” and the exceptionally rare “Ru wares” from the late 11th century, all of which rank among the 4 (fine) examples of Chinese porcelain ever created. Due to the 5 (generous) of the Foundation, the British Museum will now hold one of the most important collections of Chinese ceramics outside the Chinese-speaking world, 6 (number) some 10,000 objects in total—a collection 7 (remark) in both scale and quality. Sir Percival David was a visionary British businessman whose passion for China drove him to master the language more fluently than most Westerners of his era. Throughout his life he 8 (collect) ceramics across four continents, building what experts agree was the finest private collection of Chinese ceramics ever assembled. His 9 (devote) to Chinese art was so profound that he reportedly said each piece spoke to him “across centuries.” In every respect, this gift achieves the three goals that most concerned Sir Percival as he planned for the Collection’s future: to preserve his unique Collection; to keep every piece on public display in a 10 (rely) Gallery; and to ensure that the Collection would remain an educational resource for future generations. 一、完型填空。 （2026江西中考）14-year-old Jimmy bought an old, broken bike at a yard sale. He took it home and fixed it up. The next week, he bought another used bike and 1.__________ it, too. Instead of keeping them for himself, he decided to 2.__________ them to a nearby children’s home, where twenty-one kids lived. On a July morning, Jimmy arrived at the children’s 3.__________. “These two bikes are for you,” said Jimmy. Then two boys got on the bikes 4.__________. They laughed and cheered as they rode. Their happiness made Jimmy feel 5.__________. But when he saw the other kids waiting for their turn to 6.__________, he thought, “I am going to make a bike for each child for the New Year.” However, he faced a 7.__________. He couldn’t find enough old bikes to make good ones. Even if he could, how would he ever 8.__________ the old bikes? That was hundreds of dollars. By August, he had 9.__________ made another three bikes and this made him worried. Luckily, a neighbor wrote a letter describing Jimmy’s 10.__________ to the local newspaper. Soon 11.__________ arrived. People called to give him old bikes, and truck drivers left bikes by his door. On New Year’s Day, Jimmy sent the 12.__________ of the twenty-one bikes to the children’s home. Once again, they rushed out to ride. Their happiness inspired Jimmy again, 13.__________ he decided to keep on building. Over four years, Jimmy has made 100 bikes and given them all away. When reporters asked him, “14.__________ do you do it?” Jimmy replied, “True, it’s nice of me to make the bikes. However, helping others makes 15.__________ happy. So partly, I do it for myself.” 二、阅读理解。 （2026山东烟台中考）Minqin, lying in the city of Wuwei in Gansu, is sandwiched between China’s third and fourth largest deserts. It is one of the country’s main sources (来源) of sandstorms. In 2007, then 26-year-old Ma Junhe started Minqin’s first environmental protection volunteer program named Save Minqin after reading in a newspaper that his hometown was at risk of being covered by sand within 17 years. The program started with just 60 volunteers. Last year, more than 6,000 volunteers planted suosuo trees there, most of whom were aged between 18 and 30, also called GenZers. Zhang Liwen, an 18-year-old girl from Xi’an, spent five days planting suosuo trees in Minqin. “This idea came from my wish to complete a meaningful coming-of-age ceremony, but now I find value in contributing (贡献) to society,” Zhang said. The vlogs shared by Zhang are lively and attractive. She filmed a group of young volunteers, including herself, planting trees with stylish sports sunglasses, enjoying local noodles in their tent, and dancing in the desert after work. Li Xuniang, from Heilongjiang province, also posted her volunteer work online. “This task isn’t just for Minqin; it’s for all of China,” she said. Lee Ting-Hsuan, a 20-year-old student from Taiwan, is one of thousands of volunteers who travel to Minqin every year. Around 20 young volunteers from Macao also joined the program. “Through tree planting, we get a deeper understanding of Northwest China and its culture,” one of them said. Since 2007, over 80,000 volunteers have joined this program and they have planted over 1.52 million trees, making a green promise in the yellow sands. Ma Junhe said, “GenZers are more confident in achieving their dreams. They really enjoy meaningful public activities, and help a lot by sharing their stories online, attracting more people to take action.” 1. What directly pushed Ma Junhe to set up the Save Minqin program? A. The fear of meeting sandstorms. B. The love of green mountains. C. The wish to attract more GenZers. D. The worry of losing his hometown. 2.Why does the writer list the number of volunteers in the first paragraph? A. To prove that Minqin needs more and more volunteers. B. To show the rapid development of the volunteer program. C. To call on more volunteers to plant suosuo trees in Minqin. D. To compare the number of young volunteers with the older ones. 3.Zhang Liwen’s vlogs can attract more volunteers because the vlogs show ______. A. their contribution to our society B. the hardship of planting trees C. the colorful life of volunteering D. the comfortable life in Minqin 4.What might be the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? A. To show young people from Taiwan and Macao are active. B. To introduce the dangerous condition that Minqin is facing. C. To introduce different ways of encouraging people to plant trees. D. To show the strong volunteering willingness of Chinese GenZers. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Music speaks 课时5 IntegrationD+Further study 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 brain flute download 句型 1. as listening to classical music is good for 2, nothing more ； than 一、单词默写。 【答案】brain;flute;download 2、 词组默写。 【答案】1. What kind of 2. improve our sleep3. at the gate of 4. be common 5.all the time. 三、根据要求完成句子。 2. as listening to classical music is good for 2, nothing more ； than 一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示或首字母写出单词 【答案】1.calming 2.rock 3.attending 4.cowboys 5.African 6.bell 7.talented 8.eastern 9.mixture 10.Rushing 11.simply 11.simply 副词修饰动词 been；simple 形容词 → simply 副词，仅仅，只不过。 二、单项选择 【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.A 6. A 7.C 8. B 9. B 10. C 三、任务型阅读。 【答案】1.Art 2.paintings 3.history 4.use 5.appeared 6.Highly 7.considered 8.developed 9. local 10.learn 1、 阅读理解 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C Passage 2 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 二、语法填空 Passage 1 【答案】1．is described 2．estimated 3．delicately 4．finest 5．generosity 6．numbering 7．remarkable 8．collected 9．devotion 10．reliable 一、完型填空。 【答案】1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.D 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.B 二、阅读理解。 【答案】1.D 2. B 3.C 4.D 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Music speaks 课时5 IntegrationD+Further study 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ___brain__n. 脑；智力 _flute_ n. 长笛 _download_ vt. 下载 句型 1. I love classical music as listening to classical music is good for our brain.我热爱古典音乐，因为聆听古典音乐对我们的大脑大有裨益。 2,For me,there is nothing more fantastic than classic music.对我而言，没有什么比经典音乐更美妙的了。 一、单词默写。 1._______n. 脑；智力 2._________ n. 长笛 3.________ vt. 下载 【答案】brain;flute;download 2、 词组默写。 1. 什么种类________________________2.改善我们的睡眠___________________________ 2. 在...的门口 _________________________4.一样________________________________ 5.一直___________________________ 【答案】1. What kind of 2. improve our sleep3. at the gate of 4. be common 5. all the time. 三、根据要求完成句子 2. 我热爱古典音乐，因为聆听古典音乐对我们的大脑大有裨益。 I love classical music_____ _____________________ __________________ our brain. 【答案】as; listening to classical music; is good for 【解析】as 因为，listening to music动名词作主语，be good for 对...有益 对我而言，没有什么比经典音乐更美妙的了。 For me,there is nothing more fantastic than classic music. 【答案】 nothing more;than 【解析】否定+比较级=肯定 一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示或首字母写出单词 1. The ______ (令人平静的) effect seemed to last for about ten minutes. 2. She grew up listening to classic ______ (摇滚乐) and dreams of playing the guitar in a band. 3. Teenagers may spend money on travelling, ______ (attend) concerts, taking online courses or doing outdoor activities. 4. Tom enjoys watching American movies except westerns because he dislikes the fights between the ______ (cowboy). 5. (2025・无锡市一模) Many people believed that former South ______ (relating to Africa or its people) president Nelson Mandela died in the 1980s in prison, but that’s not true. 6. When the b______ rang, Matt walked into the classroom with a happy heart. 7. He was more ______ (有天赋的) than many others, but he became ordinary because he didn’t get a proper education. 8. The Grand Canal is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in ______ (relating to the east) China. 9. “Each expression was a ______ (mix) of different facial movements,” said the scientist. 10. Do you like the sound of the ______ (rush) water? 11. (2026・镇江市期中) Researchers found the people who did the brain training didn’t do any better on the test after six weeks than people who had ______ (simple) been on the internet. 【答案】1.calming 2.rock 3.attending 4.cowboys 5.African 6.bell 7.talented 8.eastern 9.mixture 10.Rushing 11.simply 【解析】 1. calming 形容词，意为 “令人平静的”，修饰名词 effect。calming effect 平静的效果。 2. rock rock 名词，摇滚乐；classic rock 经典摇滚乐，不可数名词。 3. attending 固定搭配 spend money on doing sth；and 并列，travelling、taking、doing 都是动名词，所以 attend 变为 attending。 4. cowboys between 后面接两者 / 多者，cowboy 用复数 cowboys。between the cowboys 在牛仔们之间。 5. African 括号释义：和非洲或者非洲人相关的。South African 南非的，South African president 南非总统。 6. bell 句意：铃响的时候，Matt 开心走进教室。bell 铃。 7. talented talented 形容词，有天赋的；more talented 比较级。be talented in 有天赋。 8. eastern 括号释义：和东方有关的。eastern 形容词，东部的；eastern China 中国东部。 9. mixture a 后面接名词；mix 动词，混合 → mixture 名词，混合物。a mixture of …… 的混合。 10. rushing 现在分词作定语修饰 water；rushing water 奔流的水。 11.simply 副词修饰动词 been；simple 形容词 → simply 副词，仅仅，只不过。 二、单项选择 1.---Do you know ______? ---I'm not sure. Maybe our new teacher. A. what the man in a white shirt is B. what is the man in a white shirt C. who the man in a white shirt is D. who is the man in a white shirt 2.We never doubt ______ the song Where has the time gone is ______ again and again. A. whether, well worth listening to B. that, well worth listening to C. that, very worth to listen to D. whether, very worth to listen 3.Jackie Chan is a ______ actor. He has ______ made some great movies over the years. A. successful; success B. success; succeed C. successfully; successful D. successful; successfully 4.---Look! How beautiful Jiangyin Yangtze River Bridge is! ---Yeah, The bridge ______ Jiangyin to Jingjiang. A. Connects B. connected C. connecting D. to connect 5.---What was that noise the whole morning? ---Oh, the Wang family upstairs ______ their living room. A. were decorating B. have decorating C. decorated D. are decorating 6.--- ______ the students ______ the teacher was waiting for me when I arrived at the school gate. ---What a pity! A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. Either; or 7.It doesn't need to be true! You can ______ a story. A. set up B. stay up C. make up D. put up 8.---When will the railway that connects the two cities open? --- ______ next year. Only half ______ been completed. A. Until; has B. Not until; has C. Until; have D. Not until; have 9.---So you gave her your mobile phone? --- ______. She said she'd return it to me after she bought a new one. A. My pleasure B. Not exactly C. With pleasure D. No problem 10.---I promise I will work harder this term, Miss Li. ---Well, just as the saying goes, “______” I do hope that you will act soon. A. It never rains but pours B. Many hands make light work C. Actions speak louder than words D. A friend in need is a friend indeed 【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.A 6. A 7.C 8. B 9. B 10. C 【解析】 1. 答案：C 解析：宾语从句必须用陈述语序，排除 B、D；答句 “也许是我们的新老师”，询问人，用 who。what 用来询问职业。 2.答案：B 解析：never doubt（从不怀疑）后面用 that 引导肯定的宾语从句；固定搭配 be well worth doing 值得被……，listen 是不及物动词，listen 后面要加 to。 3. 答案：D 解析：第一空修饰名词 actor，用形容词 successful；第二空修饰动词 made，用副词 successfully。4.答案：A 解析：句子缺少谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时；主语 the bridge 是单数，谓语用 connects。 5.答案：A 解析：问句 was 提示过去时态；the whole morning（整个上午）表示过去一段时间持续进行的动作，用过去进行时；the Wang family 指一家人，看作复数，用 were decorating。 6. 答案：A 解析：答句 “What a pity（真可惜）” 说明没人等我。neither…nor… 既不…… 也不……，谓语动词遵循就近原则，和 the teacher 保持一致用 was。 both…and 谓语要用复数；not only…but also 不仅… 而且；either…or 要么… 要么，不符合语境。 7. 答案：C解析：make up 编造；set up 建立；stay up 熬夜；put up 张贴、举起。句意：不必是真的，你可以编一个故事。 8.答案：B 解析：not until 直到…… 才；问句问铁路什么时候开通，答：直到明年才通车。half 指代 half of the railway，单数概念，助动词用 has。 9. 答案：B 解析：Not exactly 不完全是；My pleasure 不客气；With pleasure 乐意效劳；No problem 没问题。句意：不完全是，她说买新手机之后就还给我。 10. 解析：Actions speak louder than words 事实胜于雄辩。老师希望他尽快行动。A 祸不单行；B 众人拾柴火焰高；D 患难见真情。 三、任务型阅读。 Chinese painting Chinese painting is a main form of Chinese art. It can be traced back to paintings on Neolithic pottery (新石器时代的陶器) six or seven thousand years ago. Chinese paintings are about painted on Xuan paper or silk in ink and colour. The painters usually use brushes to paint in Chinese ink. The classic subjects in Chinese paintings are plum blossom, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum, which are so-called Four Gentlemen in Chinese paintings. Chinese paintings mix poetry or calligraphy with themes that include characters, landscapes, flowers, birds and other animals. Nowadays old Chinese paintings are highly valued and can be sold at a high price. Chinese calligraphy Chinese calligraphy is an important Chinese culture. Chinese characters can be traced back to the Shang Dynasty (1600BC—1046BC). Over thousands of years, the writing of Chinese characters has been developed into a highly regarded art form, which is often called Chinese calligraphy. The ink stick, ink stone, writing brush and paper are the four common things of calligraphy. They are known together as the Four Treasures of the Study. These four “tools” have been used by artists throughout China’s history, from ancient to modern times. Calligraphy carries the emotions, feelings and personality of the calligrapher. Many Chinese people consider Chinese calligraphy as a lifelong hobby. Most children in China take Chinese calligraphy lessons. Beijing opera Beijing opera is a special Chinese opera form dating back to the year 1790, when the famous four Anhui opera troupes first came to Beijing in celebration of the 80th birthday of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. Some local opera, mixed with features in Beijing, after five or six years’ development, because Beijing opera. Today Beijing opera is filled with music, acrobatic dance and special costumes to tell stories from Chinese history and folk stories. Title: _a___1____ forms of China Chinese _p__2_____ · It has a long _h___3____ of six or seven thousand years. · People __u__4____ Chinese ink and colour to draw Chinese paintings on Xuan paper or silk. · Plum blossom, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum are four classic subjects in Chinese paintings. Chinese calligraphy · It ___a_5____ in the Shang Dynasty. · Chinese people think ___6__h___ of this art form—Chinese calligraphy. · The Four Treasures of the Study are the ink stick, ink stone, writing brush and paper. · A number of Chinese people think that calligraphy can be __c_7_____ as their lifelong hobby. Beijing opera · It was _d__8_____ over 200 years ago. · It is a mixture of __l__9____ opera in Anhui Province and some features in Beijing. · Today we can _l__10_____ Chinese history and folk stories from it. 【答案】1.Art 2.paintings 3.history 4.use 5.appeared 6.Highly 7.considered 8.developed 9. local 10.learn 【答案】 1. Art 文章介绍中国画、中国书法、京剧，都是中国艺术形式。标题：Art forms of China。 2. paintings 表格第一栏主题 Chinese paintings（中国画），对应原文小标题 Chinese painting。 3. history 原文：It can be traced back to paintings on Neolithic pottery six or seven thousand years ago. 它可以追溯到六七千年前，拥有悠久历史。long history 悠久的历史。 4. use 原文：Chinese paintings are about painted on Xuan paper or silk in ink and colour. The painters usually use brushes to paint in Chinese ink. 人们使用墨和颜料在宣纸或丝绸作画。主语 people，一般现在时，填 use。 5. appeared 原文：Chinese characters can be traced back to the Shang Dynasty. 中国书法在商朝出现。全文过去时态，appear → appeared。 6. highly 原文：the writing of Chinese characters has been developed into a highly regarded art form。 固定搭配 think highly of 高度评价。 7. considered 原文：Many Chinese people consider Chinese calligraphy as a lifelong hobby. 被动语态：be considered as 被看作……。 8. developed 原文：after five or six years’ development, became Beijing opera. 京剧 200 多年前被发展形成。被动 was developed。 9. local 原文：Some local opera, mixed with features in Beijing. 它是安徽地方戏曲融合北京特色形成。local opera 地方戏曲。 10. learn 原文：Today Beijing opera is filled with music, acrobatic dance and special costumes to tell stories from Chinese history and folk stories. 我们可以从京剧里了解 / 学到中国历史和民间故事。情态动词 can 后接动词原形 learn。 1、 阅读理解 （2026·江苏南京·一模）Dark, cold and wet, a cave deep in the mountains of Wulong district, Chongqing, welcomed special visitors in winter. From December 2025 to January 2026, 28 astronauts joined China’s first cave-training mission, reported Xinhua. They were divided into four teams, with each team spending six days and five nights in the cave while carrying out tasks such as scientific research and basic life-support work. The cave environment shares many similarities with space. Astronauts are separated from the outside world, have very little room to move and have limited privacy or physical comfort. These conditions can be copied in special training areas, but nothing is better than the real experience and unexpected challenges of a natural cave, according to Beijing Daily. Inside the cave, the temperature stays at an average of about 8 C, and the humidity (湿度) reaches up to 99 percent. The cave has many narrow passages and steep rock walls, pushing astronauts to their physical limits. Sudden dangers, such as falling rocks or getting lost, help astronauts improve their quick-thinking and decision-making skills. Cave training also helps astronauts develop mental strength. Jiang Yuan, a psychological trainer for the astronauts, entered the cave herself during the early planning stage. “The biggest challenge for me was the darkness,” Jiang told Xinhua. “I lost track of time, my memory started to blur and my reactions slowed down.” Zhu Yangzhu, an astronaut who joined the cave training, also mentioned the strange quietness, similar to space. “We could hear our own heartbeat and breath,” he told CGTN after coming out of the cave. Humans are active during the day and enjoy social contact. Staying too long in darkness and being alone can cause anxiety and even hallucinations (幻觉), according to the American Psychological Association. To help astronauts get used to life in the cave, Jiang and her team used group support methods. “The data we gathered will help guide future long-term space station missions and manned lunar missions,” Jiang told Xinhua. The European Space Agency (ESA) began studying the use of natural caves for astronaut training in 2005. Ye Guangfu took part in one of ESA’s cave training programs in Italy in 2016. “Compared with the European training, our support team intervened (干预) as little as possible,” Ye told Xinhua. This allows astronauts to trust their own instincts (直觉) and solve problems on their own, he added. 1．What is the key reason a natural cave is better than special training areas for astronaut training? A．Its conditions are closer to those in real space. B．It costs less than specially built training areas. C．It gives trainees a more comfortable environment. D．It offers real experience and unplanned challenges. 2．How did the psychological team help astronauts adapt to life in the cave? A．By recording their health data. B．By giving individual guidance. C．By using group support methods. D．By arranging (安排) specific social activities. 3．According to Ye, how was China’s cave training different from ESA’s training? A．It lasted longer per session. B．Its safety measures were more complete. C．Its support team was less involved. D．It was more physically challenging. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国首次在重庆武隆天然洞穴开展的航天员洞穴训练任务，说明了洞穴训练模拟太空环境、锻炼航天员身心素质的价值，还对比了中国训练和欧洲空间局同类训练的不同特点。 1．根据第三段内容“These conditions can be copied in special training areas, but nothing is better than the real experience and unexpected challenges of a natural cave”可知，特殊训练区也能模拟类似太空的环境，但没有什么比天然洞穴能提供真实体验和不可预见的突发挑战，对应D选项的表述。 2．倒数第二段明确说明：“To help astronauts get used to life in the cave, Jiang and her team used group support methods.”，为了帮助宇航员适应洞穴生活，心理团队采用了团队支持法，直接对应C选项。 3．最后一段叶光富明确对比：“Compared with the European training, our support team intervened (干预) as little as possible”，和欧空局的训练相比，中国训练的支持团队尽可能少干预，也就是支持团队介入更少，对应C选项。 Passage 2 （2026·江苏南通·一模） The basic aerodynamics used to make a paper airplane is very similar to the aerodynamics of a real plane. A simple piece of paper will fall down when it is dropped. But if we fold the paper in a specific manner, it will fly. There are four types of forces in physics that play important roles in making a paper airplane soar in the air. Surely lift is a force that holds the airplane in the air. It acts directly against the weight of the airplane. Though the whole plane uses this force, the wings are the ones that bring it to the maximum level. Both the upper and lower surfaces of the wings are responsible for turning the flow of air. Thrust is the forward force that is used to push the airplane in the forward direction. It comes from the engines of a real aircraft, but for a paper airplane, the human hand artificially produces this force while throwing the plane hard into air. Drag, also known as air resistance, is a force to prevent an object moving in gas or liquid. This force stops the movement of the aircraft in air. It occurs due to the surface friction between the solid surface of the airplane and air molecules. This too acts through the center of pressure of the object. Another force is gravity acting on the airplane and continually trying to pull it down towards the earth. A real aircraft makes use of many lift, drag, and thrust forces against the gravitational force. In case of a paper airplane, when we fly it in the air with some energy, it uses that energy to stay in air for some time. As the energy goes on reducing, the plane moves downwards. As a result, the airplane fails to remain in the sky when all the energy is exhausted. The wetness of the air also has a great effect on the flight of a paper airplane. As paper takes in water, it changes the density of the airplane finally. So making the airplane out of a thick piece of paper proves to be more effective. A real plane has additional parts used for efficient flying. To some degree, the weight of the passengers and luggage affect the above types of forces. Therefore, next time you make a paper airplane, keep in mind these points to make one that has a long-lasting flight. 1．The force of lift is used by ________ to hold the airplane in the air. A．only the wings B．the engines C．both the surfaces D．the whole plane 2．Which is the right chart showing the four types of forces? A．B．C． D． 3．The underlined word “exhausted” in Paragraph 6 most probably means “________”. A．used up completely B．filled up immediately C．pushed forward heavily D．acted on the plane strongly 4．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A．A real aircraft can only make use of one or two types of the forces mentioned. B．The paper plane made out of thick paper is unable to have a long-lasting flight. C．Aerodynamics studies the movements of the air and the moving object in the air. D．Compared with sunny days, the paper plane can fly much farther when it is wet. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【分析】本文主要介绍了空气动力学在制作纸飞机过程中的运用，并介绍了物理学中的四种力对纸飞机在空中翱翔起着重要作用。 1．细节理解题。根据“lift is a force that holds the airplane in the air...Though the whole plane uses this force, the wings are the ones that bring it to the maximum level.”可知整个飞机使用升力。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Surely lift is a force that holds the airplane in the air...the wings are the ones that bring it to the maximum level”“Thrust is the forward force that is used to push the airplane in the forward direction”“Drag, also known as air resistance, is a force to prevent an object moving in gas or liquid”以及“Another force is gravity acting on the airplane and continually trying to pull it down towards the earth”可知升力让飞机升到最高点；推力让飞机向前；阻力阻止飞机向前；重力把飞机拉向地球，四个图中选项B符合。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“As a result, the airplane fails to remain in the sky when all the energy is exhausted”可知飞机不能待在空中是因为能量耗尽了，故exhausted的意思是“用光”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“The basic aerodynamics used to make a paper airplane is very similar to the aerodynamics of a real plane.”以及文章内容可知空气动力学运用在纸飞机和真正的飞机中，可推断空气动力学研究空气中移动的物体以及空气的移动。故选C。 二、语法填空 Passage 1 （2026·江苏南通·一模）根据句意，用括号内所给单词的正确形式或正确时态语态填空。 Recently the Sir Percival David Foundation gifted the world-famous private collection of Chinese ceramics to the British Museum permanently, a donation that 1 (describe) as the highest value object gift in UK museum history. The 1,700 pieces, 2 (estimate) at around £1bn, include such treasures as the 1351 blue-and-white “David vases,” the 3 (delicate) painted “chicken cup,” and the exceptionally rare “Ru wares” from the late 11th century, all of which rank among the 4 (fine) examples of Chinese porcelain ever created. Due to the 5 (generous) of the Foundation, the British Museum will now hold one of the most important collections of Chinese ceramics outside the Chinese-speaking world, 6 (number) some 10,000 objects in total—a collection 7 (remark) in both scale and quality. Sir Percival David was a visionary British businessman whose passion for China drove him to master the language more fluently than most Westerners of his era. Throughout his life he 8 (collect) ceramics across four continents, building what experts agree was the finest private collection of Chinese ceramics ever assembled. His 9 (devote) to Chinese art was so profound that he reportedly said each piece spoke to him “across centuries.” In every respect, this gift achieves the three goals that most concerned Sir Percival as he planned for the Collection’s future: to preserve his unique Collection; to keep every piece on public display in a 10 (rely) Gallery; and to ensure that the Collection would remain an educational resource for future generations. 【答案】1．is described 2．estimated 3．delicately 4．finest 5．generosity 6．numbering 7．remarkable 8．collected 9．devotion 10．reliable 【导语】本文主要介绍了珀西瓦尔・大卫爵士基金会向大英博物馆捐赠顶级中国陶瓷藏品的事件，并简述了捐赠者的收藏历程与此次捐赠的核心意义。 1．句意：这一捐赠被认为是英国博物馆史上价值最高的器物捐赠。本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词“donation”和动词“describe”是被动关系，因此用被动语态。后面的“the highest value object gift in UK museum history”是客观事实，因此用一般现在时。故填is described。 2．句意：这1700件藏品估价约10亿英镑。本空处为插入语，用来补充说明主语“The 1,700 pieces”，主语和动词“estimate”是被动关系， 因此用被动语态。插入语部分不能有完整的谓语动词，因此把be estimated简化为过去分词作后置定语。 3．句意：其中包括1351年的青花 “大卫瓶”、绘制精美的 “鸡缸杯” 。本空修饰动词“painted”，因此填delicate的副词形式。 4．句意：所有这些都堪称中国瓷器史上最顶级的珍品。根据前面的“among the”可知，本空用最高级，表示“最顶级的”。 5．句意：得益于该基金会的慷慨捐赠。“Due to”后面接名词或动名词表示原因，generosity是generous的名词形式。 6．句意：大英博物馆如今拥有了中文世界以外最重要的中国陶瓷收藏之一，总数约1万件——无论在规模还是品质上都堪称非凡。本句中已有谓语动词“will hold”，故空格处为非谓语动词。主语“the British Museum”和动词“number”之间是主动关系，因此使用现在分词作伴随状语。 7．句意：大英博物馆如今拥有了中文世界以外最重要的中国陶瓷收藏之一，总数约1万件——无论在规模还是品质上都堪称非凡。空格前的“a collection”后面需要一个词来修饰它，作后置定语，因此填remark的形容词形式。 8．句意：他一生在四大洲收藏陶瓷，打造了专家们一致认为的有史以来最精良的中国陶瓷私人收藏。本句描写的是过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时。collect的过去式是collected。 9．句意：他对中国艺术的热爱极为深厚，据报道他曾说，每一件藏品都在 “跨越世纪” 与他对话。空格前的“His”是形容词性物主代词，后面必须跟名词，故本空填devote的名词形式devotion。 10．句意：让所有藏品在可靠的展馆中公开展出。“Gallery”是一个名词，需用形容词修饰，故填rely的形容词形式reliable。 一、完型填空。 （2026江西中考）14-year-old Jimmy bought an old, broken bike at a yard sale. He took it home and fixed it up. The next week, he bought another used bike and 1.__________ it, too. Instead of keeping them for himself, he decided to 2.__________ them to a nearby children’s home, where twenty-one kids lived. On a July morning, Jimmy arrived at the children’s 3.__________. “These two bikes are for you,” said Jimmy. Then two boys got on the bikes 4.__________. They laughed and cheered as they rode. Their happiness made Jimmy feel 5.__________. But when he saw the other kids waiting for their turn to 6.__________, he thought, “I am going to make a bike for each child for the New Year.” However, he faced a 7.__________. He couldn’t find enough old bikes to make good ones. Even if he could, how would he ever 8.__________ the old bikes? That was hundreds of dollars. By August, he had 9.__________ made another three bikes and this made him worried. Luckily, a neighbor wrote a letter describing Jimmy’s 10.__________ to the local newspaper. Soon 11.__________ arrived. People called to give him old bikes, and truck drivers left bikes by his door. On New Year’s Day, Jimmy sent the 12.__________ of the twenty-one bikes to the children’s home. Once again, they rushed out to ride. Their happiness inspired Jimmy again, 13.__________ he decided to keep on building. Over four years, Jimmy has made 100 bikes and given them all away. When reporters asked him, “14.__________ do you do it?” Jimmy replied, “True, it’s nice of me to make the bikes. However, helping others makes 15.__________ happy. So partly, I do it for myself.” 【答案】1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.D 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.B 【解析】 1. C. repaired 前文：bought an old, broken bike…fixed it up（修好旧自行车）。and 连接并列动作，他又买了一辆二手车，也修理它。paint 涂色；wash 清洗；return 归还，均不符合。 2. B. give 固定搭配 give sth to sb，把某物送给某人。后文儿童之家的孩子收到自行车，说明是赠送。throw 扔掉；lend 借出；sell 售卖。 3. A. home 上文 a nearby children’s home，对应此处 children’s home 儿童之家。playground 操场；hospital 医院；school 学校。 4. D. excitedly 后文 They laughed and cheered as they rode（骑车时欢笑欢呼），男孩兴奋地骑上自行车。secretly 秘密地；suddenly 突然；angrily 生气地。 5. C. proud 孩子们很开心，这份快乐让 Jimmy 感到自豪。bored 无聊的；shocked 震惊的；upset 沮丧的。 6. D. ride 其他孩子等着轮到他们骑车。watch 观看；speak 说话；run 奔跑。 7. D. problem 后文：他找不到足够旧自行车，遇到困难。face a problem 遇到难题。change 改变；danger 危险；deal 交易。 8. B. pay for 句意：就算能找到旧车，他怎么支付这些旧自行车（的费用）？要花几百美元。sell out 卖光；pick up 捡起；put away 收好。 9. A. only 到八月，他仅仅又做好了 3 辆自行车，这让他很焦虑。already 已经；even 甚至；never 从不。 10. C. story 邻居写信把 Jimmy 的事迹 / 故事投稿给当地报社。habit 习惯；study 学习；hobby 爱好。 11. B. help 后文人们主动捐赠旧自行车，卡车司机送车子过来，说明很快帮助来了。trouble 麻烦；truth 真相；fear 恐惧。 12. D. rest the rest of … 剩余的……。新年那天，Jimmy 把剩下的21 辆自行车送到儿童之家。first 第一个；second 第二个；best 最好的。 13. A. so 孩子们的快乐再次鼓舞了 Jimmy，所以他决定继续制作自行车。or 否则；but 但是；for 因为。 14. C. Why 记者问他：为什么做这件事？后文 Jimmy 解释做这件事的原因。where 哪里；when 何时；how 如何。 15. B. me 句意：帮助别人使我快乐。引号内是 Jimmy 自述，用第一人称宾格 me。them 他们；him 他；you 你。 二、阅读理解。 （2026山东烟台中考）Minqin, lying in the city of Wuwei in Gansu, is sandwiched between China’s third and fourth largest deserts. It is one of the country’s main sources (来源) of sandstorms. In 2007, then 26-year-old Ma Junhe started Minqin’s first environmental protection volunteer program named Save Minqin after reading in a newspaper that his hometown was at risk of being covered by sand within 17 years. The program started with just 60 volunteers. Last year, more than 6,000 volunteers planted suosuo trees there, most of whom were aged between 18 and 30, also called GenZers. Zhang Liwen, an 18-year-old girl from Xi’an, spent five days planting suosuo trees in Minqin. “This idea came from my wish to complete a meaningful coming-of-age ceremony, but now I find value in contributing (贡献) to society,” Zhang said. The vlogs shared by Zhang are lively and attractive. She filmed a group of young volunteers, including herself, planting trees with stylish sports sunglasses, enjoying local noodles in their tent, and dancing in the desert after work. Li Xuniang, from Heilongjiang province, also posted her volunteer work online. “This task isn’t just for Minqin; it’s for all of China,” she said. Lee Ting-Hsuan, a 20-year-old student from Taiwan, is one of thousands of volunteers who travel to Minqin every year. Around 20 young volunteers from Macao also joined the program. “Through tree planting, we get a deeper understanding of Northwest China and its culture,” one of them said. Since 2007, over 80,000 volunteers have joined this program and they have planted over 1.52 million trees, making a green promise in the yellow sands. Ma Junhe said, “GenZers are more confident in achieving their dreams. They really enjoy meaningful public activities, and help a lot by sharing their stories online, attracting more people to take action.” 1. What directly pushed Ma Junhe to set up the Save Minqin program? A. The fear of meeting sandstorms. B. The love of green mountains. C. The wish to attract more GenZers. D. The worry of losing his hometown. 2.Why does the writer list the number of volunteers in the first paragraph? A. To prove that Minqin needs more and more volunteers. B. To show the rapid development of the volunteer program. C. To call on more volunteers to plant suosuo trees in Minqin. D. To compare the number of young volunteers with the older ones. 3.Zhang Liwen’s vlogs can attract more volunteers because the vlogs show ______. A. their contribution to our society B. the hardship of planting trees C. the colorful life of volunteering D. the comfortable life in Minqin 4.What might be the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? A. To show young people from Taiwan and Macao are active. B. To introduce the dangerous condition that Minqin is facing. C. To introduce different ways of encouraging people to plant trees. D. To show the strong volunteering willingness of Chinese GenZers. 【答案】1.D 2. B 3.C 4.D 【解析】 1.D 原文：…after reading in a newspaper that his hometown was at risk of being covered by sand within 17 years. 句意：他在报纸看到家乡有在 17 年内被沙子掩埋的风险，这促使他发起项目，也就是担心失去家乡。 A 害怕遇到沙尘暴；B 热爱青山；C 想吸引 Z 世代，均错误。 2.B 原文：项目一开始只有 60 名志愿者，去年已经超过 6000 人。用数字对比，体现志愿项目发展迅速。 A 证明民勤需要更多志愿者；C 号召更多人种树；D 对比青年和老年志愿者，文中没有这个目的。 3. C 原文：The vlogs shared by Zhang are lively and attractive. 视频记录：戴墨镜种树、帐篷吃面条、完工后在沙漠跳舞。展现丰富多彩的志愿生活。 A 他们对社会的贡献，不是视频展示的内容；B 种树的艰辛，文中没提艰苦；D 民勤舒适的生活，不符合文意。 4.D 主旨题。全文讲述 Z 世代年轻人去民勤治沙种树，展现中国 Z 世代强烈的志愿奉献精神。 A 只是文中其中一个例子，不是全文写作目的；B 只介绍民勤危险现状只是背景；C 介绍鼓励种树的不同方法，原文没有讲多种方式。 · 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $