Unit 3 Same or Different（单元重点语法任务单）2026-2027学年八年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

Unit 3 Same or Different重点语法 考点一：形容词与副词的比较级——“两者之间的差异” 一、知识精讲 1. 核心定义 比较级用于对两个人或事物的性质、特征或动作程度进行对比，突出一方比另一方更具某种特质或程度更高。标志词为than（比）。 教材原句： · Emma is taller than Ella.（埃玛比埃拉高。）——形容词比较级 · Ella dances better than Emma.（埃拉跳舞比埃玛好。）——副词比较级 2. 构成规则 （1）规则变化 规则 构成方法 例词 一般情况 词尾直接加 -er tall→taller, fast→faster 以不发音的 e 结尾 词尾加 -r nice→nicer, late→later 重读闭音节（辅元辅结构） 双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -er big→bigger, thin→thinner 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变 y 为 i，再加 -er easy→easier, happy→happier 多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加 more outgoing→more outgoing, carefully→more carefully （2）不规则变化（必背） 巧记口诀：坏和病，多和好；一个远来一个老；little 是少不是小。 原级 比较级 含义 good / well better 更好 / 更好地 bad / badly / ill worse 更坏 / 更差地 many / much more 更多 little less 更少 far farther（距离远）/ further（程度进一步） 更远 old older（年龄更大）/ elder（辈分更高） 更老 / 年长 注意：elder 常用于 elder brother/sister（哥哥/姐姐），older 常用于 two years older（大两岁）。 3. 核心用法 （1）基本句型 句型①：A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B 表示“A 比 B 更……”，be 动词后接形容词比较级。 教材原句：Emma is taller than Ella.（埃玛比埃拉高。） 句型②：A + 实义动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B 表示“A 做某事比 B 更……”，修饰动词用副词比较级。 教材原句：Ella dances better than Emma.（埃拉跳舞比埃玛好。） 句型③：A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B 表示“A 和 B 一样……”，中间必须用原级，不加 -er/more。 教材原句：I work as hard as her！（我和她学习一样努力！） 句型④：A + be + not as/so + 形容词原级 + as + B 表示“A 不如 B……”，not so 语气比 not as 更委婉。 教材原句：She is not as tall as me.（她不如我高。） 句型转换：A is not as tall as B = B is taller than A。 句型⑤：the + 比较级 + of the two 当比较范围明确为“两者中”时，比较级前需加 the。 示例：Jack is the smarter of the two.（杰克是两人中更聪明的一个。） 句型⑥：比较级 + and + 比较级（越来越……） 单音节：colder and colder（越来越冷） 多音节：more and more outgoing（越来越外向） 句型⑦：the + 比较级, the + 比较级（越……，就越……） 示例：The harder you work, the better you will be.（你越努力，就会变得越好。） 句型⑧：Which/Who + 比较级, A or B?（A 和 B 哪一个/谁更……？） 人用 who，物用 which。 示例：Who is funnier, you or your sister?（你和你姐姐谁更有趣？） （2）比较级前的修饰词 比较级前可用以下程度副词修饰，但不能用 very 修饰比较级。 修饰词 含义 例句 much / a lot ……得多 The blue dress is much longer than the white one. a little / a bit 一点儿 Today is a little colder than yesterday. even 甚至 This book is even more interesting. far 远远地 She is far taller than her sister. （3）否定比较：less + 原级 + than 表示“不如……”，如：She is less serious than her sister.（她不如她姐姐严肃。） （4）比较对象的一致性（易错点） 比较级前后比较对象必须一致，即人对人、物对物。 ❌ Her hair is longer than me.（头发和人比，错误） ✅ Her hair is longer than mine.（头发和头发比，正确） 当比较对象为不可数名词时，用 that 替代；为可数名词复数时，用 those 替代。 4. 单元核心语法聚焦（教材 Grammar Focus 3a-3c） 主语 谓语 比较内容 例句 Emma be 身高 Emma is taller than Ella. Emma's hair be 头发长度 Her hair is shorter than Ella's. Ella 实义动词 跳舞 Ella dances better than Emma. Emma 实义动词 唱歌音量 Emma sings louder than her. Emma 实义动词 起床时间 Emma always gets up earlier than me. I 实义动词 学习努力程度 I work as hard as her! 二、即学即用 （一）写出下列形容词/副词的比较级 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 tall ______ outgoing ______ nice ______ good ______ big ______ bad ______ easy ______ many ______ happy ______ little ______ thin ______ far ______ beautiful ______ old ______ fast ______ carefully ______ （二）用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空 1. My brother is ______ (old) than me. 2. This book is ______ (interesting) than that one. 3. The apple is ______ (big) than the cherry. 4. She is ______ (thin) than her friend. 5. The weather is getting ______ (hot) these days. 6. I think Linda is ______ (smart) than most kids. 7. My mother works as ______ (hard) as my father. 8. —Who is ______ (outgoing), your sister or your brother?—My brother. 9. Tina plays the piano ______ (well) than me. 10. This room is not as ______ (big) as that one. 11. He is much ______ (clever) than his brother. 12. The more you eat, the ______ (fat) you will be. 考点二：同级比较—— as…as / not as…as 一、知识精讲 同级比较用于表示两者在某方面程度相同或不同，使用形容词或副词的原级。 1. 肯定结构：as + 原级 + as 表示“两者在某方面程度相同”，意为“和……一样”。 · 形容词同级比较：主语 + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + 比较对象 教材原句：Her hair is as long as mine.（她的头发和我的一样长。） · 副词同级比较：主语 + 实义动词 + as + 副词原级 + as + 比较对象 教材原句：He works as hard as his father.（他工作和他爸爸一样努力。） 2. 否定结构：not as/so + 原级 + as 表示“前者不如后者”，not so 语气比 not as 更委婉。 教材原句： · This room is not as big as that one.（这个房间不如那个大。） · She doesn't sing so well as her friend.（她唱歌不如她朋友好。） 3. 易错警示 ⚠️ as…as 中间必须用原级，不能用比较级！ ❌ She is as taller as me. ✅ She is as tall as me. ⚠️ as…as 与 than 句型不能混用！ ❌ She is as taller than me. ✅ She is as tall as me. / She is taller than me. 二、即学即用 一、单项选择 1. This box is ______ than that one. I can't carry it by myself. A.heavy B. heavier C. heaviest D. more heavy 2. Liu Xiang runs ______ than many other runners in the world. A.fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast 3. —Who dances ______, Ella or Emma?—Ella. She dances better than Emma. A.good B. well C. better D. best 4. My sister is ______ than me, but she is ______ than me. A.shorter; younger B. taller; older C. younger; shorter D. older; taller 5. The population of Beijing is ______ than that of Tianjin. A.larger B. more C. bigger D. larger 二、句型转换 1. I went to the beach last Sunday.（改为否定句） → I ______ ______ to the beach last Sunday. 2. She visited her uncle last weekend.（改为一般疑问句） → ______ she ______ her uncle last weekend? 3. I went to Yunnan on vacation.（对划线部分提问） → ______ ______ you ______ on vacation? 4. Tom is 14 years old. Sam is 16 years old.（用比较级合并为一句） → Sam is ______ ______ Tom. 5. This room is bigger than that one.（改为同义句） → That room is ______ ______ ______ this one. 参考答案： 三 、完成句子（用比较级或同级比较） 1. 我姐姐比我更外向。 My sister is ______ ______ than me. 2. 他和她学习一样努力。 He works ______ ______ ______ her. 3. 这个房间不如那个房间大。 This room is ______ ______ ______ as that one. 4. 你越努力，就会变得越好。 The ______ you work, the ______ you will be. 5. 埃玛比埃拉高，但她的头发比埃拉的短。 Emma is ______ than Ella, but her hair is ______ than Ella's. 词句基础练 一、单项选择 1．This book is ________ interesting than that one. A．much B．more much C．much more D．very 2．—Sarah studies ________ than her brother. She studies for two hours every night! —Yes, we should learn from her. A．hard B．harder C．more hard D．the hardest 3．My brother is ________ than me. A．funny B．funnier C．more funny D．the funniest 4．Which subject do you like ________, math or English? A．well B．better C．best D．the best 5．—Many boy students think science is ________ English. —I agree. I am not good at English. A．so difficult as B．less difficult than C．more difficult than D．much difficult than 6．—Both Cai Xukun and Li Chen join Keep Running, right? —Yes. Cai is in ________ episodes than Li because Cai has to spend ________ time on music creation. A．less; more B．fewer; less C．fewer; more D．more; fewer 7．My brother doesn’t sing ________ me. I sing louder. A．as loud as B．so louder as C．as loudly as D．more loudly 8．This park is ________ than that one. There are more trees and flowers here. A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful 9．She knows ________ about cooking, and her brother knows even ________. A．little; more B．much; little C．little; less D．much; a little 10．Jack has ________ free time than Mike, so he has ________ hobbies than Mike. A．fewer; less B．more; fewer C．less; fewer D．fewer; more 11．The ________ you practice speaking English, the ________ you will be. A．much; good B．more; better C．more; good D．much; better 12．—Did you win the game? —No. Our team did ________ than theirs. A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst 二、完成句子 1．I don’t like maths as much as English. (改为同义句) I like English ________ ________ maths. 2．在学习方面，艾拉和她的双胞胎姐姐一样勤奋。 When it comes to studying, Ella is ____________ her twin sister. 3．我和你一样学习勤奋，但你比我阅读得多。 I’m ________ ________ ________ you, but you ________ ________ than I do. 4．中国的人口比澳大利亚的人口多。 The ________ of China is ________ ________ ________ of Australia. 5．他不像迈克那么直率，但他很高兴有一个诚实的朋友。 He is ________ ________ than Mike is, but he is glad to have ________ ________ friend. 6．The red bike is 300 yuan. The blue bike is 280 yuan. (用比较级改写句子) The red bike is ________ ________ ________ the blue bike. 7．Tom is 14 years old. Sam is 16 years old.（合并为一句，用比较级） Sam is ________ ________ ________ than Tom. 8．我认为不同的朋友让我变得更好。 I think friends who are different ________ ________ ________. 9．This park is more beautiful than that zoo. (改为同义句) That zoo is ________ ________ ________ this park. 10．杰克没有玛丽大，但他比她高。 Jack isn’t ________ old ________ Mary, but he is ________ ________ her. 三、翻译 1．我的朋友和我一样勤奋。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2．她不像她姐姐那样擅长唱歌。 _______________________________________________________________________ 3．我比Ella安静一点。她比我更加搞笑。 _______________________________ 4．对我们来说，过上长寿且健康的生活比以前更难了。 _________________________________________________ 5．中国的学生暑假放假比美国的学生少几周。 __________________________________________________ 6．我爸爸做饭比我妈妈做得好。 ______________________________ 7．我花了尽可能少的时间帮助他理解了海报。(as…… as possible) ________________________________________________________ 8．凯特跳舞比露西跳得更好。 ___________________________________________________________________ 语篇拔高练 一、选词填空 Passage A 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 many   stay   opinion   good   friendship   if   quite   win   care   similarity Should friends be similar or different? Some people think that friends should be similar, but other people think that friends should be different. What’s your 1 about it? Well, let me tell you something about my best friend and me. My best friend is Lucy. We are 1 different from each other. I’m quieter and enjoy 2 at home to read books. I work harder and I often get 3 grades than she does. Lucy is more outgoing and enjoys going to parties. She has 4 friends than me. However, Lucy and I have some 5 . We both love music. We often go to the music club together at weekends. We are also interested in dancing. Last month, we took part in a dancing competition as a group and 6 the first prize. In fact, I don’t really care 7 my friends are similar to or different from me. A true friend is always ready to help you when you are in trouble. Lucy always 8 about me. When I’m sad, she listens to me and tries her best to encourage me. That’s why I value our 9 so much. Passage B 从下列方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空。 pleasure   beautiful   spare   find   common   much   serious   strong   attend   perform The world of wildlife photography (摄影) is highly competitive, and two photographers, Alex and Maya, are making waves in this field. Alex is very hard-working. He spends countless hours 1 the perfect locations. He believes that the 2 time he invests (投入) in preparation, the 3 his photos will be. Maya is also 4 about her craft and has a different approach (方法). She focuses on understanding the behaviour (行为) of animals. In her 5 time, she reads widely about different species (种类) to gain more knowledge. Last year, they both 6 a wildlife photography competition. Maya 7 well. The topic was Whispers of the Wild and she had 8 in the topic. Although Alex didn’t get a prize, he still found much 9 from the competition. Their styles are different, but they had one thing in 50 —the deep passion for wildlife photography. Passage C 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 race  difference  while  tired  reach  he  succeed  loud  practise  really Tony is my best friend. There are many 1 between us, though. I’m shy and quiet. However, Tony is more outgoing and he always speaks 2 than me. When we are free, I spend most of the time in studying and reading, 3 Tony enjoys doing sports. Tony often joins in some running 4 . You can see a lot of sports medals (奖牌) in his room. Last month, Tony asked me to join in a cross-country running race together with 5 . At first, I said no because I wasn’t 6 . good at running. “If you don’t have a try, you will never know how far you can run,” Tony said to me. Hearing his words, I decided to join in the race. After 7 for a month, I ran for the race yesterday. I ran fast at first. But half an hour later, I was 8 and became much slower. I was about to give up when Tony came up to me and said, “Come on! You are doing a good job. Try your best! You can make it.” In the end, I 9 in finishing the race. Just as the saying goes, “Perseverance (坚持) leads to victory.” To 10 the finishing line, we should never give up easily. Passage D 请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。 direct  strong  friend  show  die  they  much  please  interested  perform  he  until Long time ago, there was a man named Yu Boya. His 1 was playing the qin. One day during a boat trip, he saw green mountains and clear water.” How 2 the landscapes are!” he thought and then 3 a piece of music with his qin. At that time, a young man stood on the riverbank. He enjoyed the music a lot. 4 name was Zhong Ziqi. Yu invited Zhong to the boat 5 and played the qin for him. Zhong said,” What beautiful music! It makes me think of the high Mount Tai.” Then Zhong started to play music.” How nice it is! The notes are like the running river,” Yu said to Zhong excitedly. Soon they became good 6 . They said they would meet again in the same place the next year. The following year, Yu arrived there on time, but later he knew that Zhong 7 of an illness (疾病). It made him very sad. He said,” My best friend is no longer here. Nobody can understand my music 8 than Ziqi.” He played a piece of music. Then he broke his qin and never played it again. The two friends shared the same 9 and they knew each other well. Since then, people have used their story 10 the meaning of true friendship. 二、短文填空 Passage A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Last year, I moved to a new school and felt very lonely. I didn’t know anyone and was afraid 1 (make) new friends. One day, a girl named Amy came up to me and said, “Hi, I’m Amy. Do you want to sit with me at lunch?” I was happy and nodded. We started talking and found out that we had a lot 2 common. Both of us liked reading science fiction books and playing the piano. Amy was 3 (outgoing) than me. She helped me get to know other classmates and made me 4 (feel) welcome. We spent a lot of time together. We studied together, played the piano together, and even went to the library together every weekend. As time went by, we became best friends. Amy 5 (care) about me very much. When I was sad because I failed a test, she 6 (cheer) me up and helped me review my lessons. When she won a piano competition, I was the first one 7 (congratulate) her. Now, we are still good friends. I know that true friendship is about 8 (accept) each other’s differences and supporting each other through good times and bad. I feel lucky 9 (have) such a good friend. I hope our friendship will last forever and we will always be there 10 each other. Passage B 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的词，或是用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Friends are always 1 (importance) to me. And one friend, Nancy, is special to me. We met each other twenty years ago when we were teaching in the same school. As soon as she introduced 2 (she), I knew we would be friends. It was clear that we had a lot in common, and after a few months, we decided to share a flat so that we could spend 3 (much) time together than before. What makes her such 4 good friend? Well, she is 5 (humour), generous (慷慨的), and kind-hearted. I can honestly say that in all these years we seldom argued (争论). And when we argued, we made up (和好) very 6 (quick). We could spend hours together just 7 (talk) about the funny things. Unluckily, I had to move away (搬走) 8 I found a new teaching job in another country. I was worried that we might lose touch (失去联系) as we would not be in the same country. Thanks 9 the internet, we send messages (消息) or make video calls to each other almost every day. I can’t imagine my life without Nancy. Having a friend like her is one of the 10 (lucky) things in my life. Passage C 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 What is my secret of teaching kids to do housework? Before you get 1 (excite) to learn the secret, I need to tell you that there is no secret at all. It all starts by picking a chore. For example, I want to teach Jenny about 2 (clean) the bathroom. First, I take her with me while I’m doing the chore. I show and tell her how to clean the bathroom 3 (clear). I’ll do this for a few weeks. 4 she watches me for a few weeks, I let her try doing it on her own, with me there watching her. For another 4—5 weeks, Jenny learns how to do each part of the chore. At this point, I would let her do the chore by 5 (she). But that doesn’t mean I will never think about it again. I always go back and check her work. 6 the chore isn’t done well, Jenny will have to do it again. When it 7 (come) to teaching kids to do chores, I start with my oldest child Jenny. And I’m hoping that if I teach her well, she will then teach other younger brothers. I have already asked Jenny 8 (teach) her little brother Andy to clean the bathroom. 99 (final) when Andy learns that, I’ll be able to teach Jenny to do 9 new job. Passage D 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 I’m Li Qian, a 14-year-old girl in Beijing. At the beginning of this year, I went to study in 1 international school. There I made friends with teenagers from different countries all over the world. Miki is my best friend. She is a kind and helpful girl and often teaches me 2 (Japan) after class. Moreover, she teaches me how 3 (survive) in the face of natural disasters (灾难). “As you know, Japan is one of the countries with the 4 (many) earthquakes in the world. Therefore, schools usually provide all kinds of safety programmes 5 students. They hope to help us develop basic survival 6 (skill) from an early age,” Miki explained (解释). Miki and I both have a great interest in DIY, 7 we joined the DIY Club. We go to the club 8 (two) a week and learn to cook simple dishes from our teacher. At weekends, we spend much time 9 (practise) cooking after we finish our homework. We 10 (have) a school trip next Friday and we plan to make some cookies for our teacher and classmates. I feel lucky to study here and have such a good friend. I hope to create more wonderful moments with Miki together in the future. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Same or Different重点语法 考点一：形容词与副词的比较级——“两者之间的差异” 一、知识精讲 1. 核心定义 比较级用于对两个人或事物的性质、特征或动作程度进行对比，突出一方比另一方更具某种特质或程度更高。标志词为than（比）。 教材原句： · Emma is taller than Ella.（埃玛比埃拉高。）——形容词比较级 · Ella dances better than Emma.（埃拉跳舞比埃玛好。）——副词比较级 2. 构成规则 （1）规则变化 规则 构成方法 例词 一般情况 词尾直接加 -er tall→taller, fast→faster 以不发音的 e 结尾 词尾加 -r nice→nicer, late→later 重读闭音节（辅元辅结构） 双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -er big→bigger, thin→thinner 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变 y 为 i，再加 -er easy→easier, happy→happier 多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加 more outgoing→more outgoing, carefully→more carefully （2）不规则变化（必背） 巧记口诀：坏和病，多和好；一个远来一个老；little 是少不是小。 原级 比较级 含义 good / well better 更好 / 更好地 bad / badly / ill worse 更坏 / 更差地 many / much more 更多 little less 更少 far farther（距离远）/ further（程度进一步） 更远 old older（年龄更大）/ elder（辈分更高） 更老 / 年长 注意：elder 常用于 elder brother/sister（哥哥/姐姐），older 常用于 two years older（大两岁）。 3. 核心用法 （1）基本句型 句型①：A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B 表示“A 比 B 更……”，be 动词后接形容词比较级。 教材原句：Emma is taller than Ella.（埃玛比埃拉高。） 句型②：A + 实义动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B 表示“A 做某事比 B 更……”，修饰动词用副词比较级。 教材原句：Ella dances better than Emma.（埃拉跳舞比埃玛好。） 句型③：A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B 表示“A 和 B 一样……”，中间必须用原级，不加 -er/more。 教材原句：I work as hard as her！（我和她学习一样努力！） 句型④：A + be + not as/so + 形容词原级 + as + B 表示“A 不如 B……”，not so 语气比 not as 更委婉。 教材原句：She is not as tall as me.（她不如我高。） 句型转换：A is not as tall as B = B is taller than A。 句型⑤：the + 比较级 + of the two 当比较范围明确为“两者中”时，比较级前需加 the。 示例：Jack is the smarter of the two.（杰克是两人中更聪明的一个。） 句型⑥：比较级 + and + 比较级（越来越……） 单音节：colder and colder（越来越冷） 多音节：more and more outgoing（越来越外向） 句型⑦：the + 比较级, the + 比较级（越……，就越……） 示例：The harder you work, the better you will be.（你越努力，就会变得越好。） 句型⑧：Which/Who + 比较级, A or B?（A 和 B 哪一个/谁更……？） 人用 who，物用 which。 示例：Who is funnier, you or your sister?（你和你姐姐谁更有趣？） （2）比较级前的修饰词 比较级前可用以下程度副词修饰，但不能用 very 修饰比较级。 修饰词 含义 例句 much / a lot ……得多 The blue dress is much longer than the white one. a little / a bit 一点儿 Today is a little colder than yesterday. even 甚至 This book is even more interesting. far 远远地 She is far taller than her sister. （3）否定比较：less + 原级 + than 表示“不如……”，如：She is less serious than her sister.（她不如她姐姐严肃。） （4）比较对象的一致性（易错点） 比较级前后比较对象必须一致，即人对人、物对物。 ❌ Her hair is longer than me.（头发和人比，错误） ✅ Her hair is longer than mine.（头发和头发比，正确） 当比较对象为不可数名词时，用 that 替代；为可数名词复数时，用 those 替代。 4. 单元核心语法聚焦（教材 Grammar Focus 3a-3c） 主语 谓语 比较内容 例句 Emma be 身高 Emma is taller than Ella. Emma's hair be 头发长度 Her hair is shorter than Ella's. Ella 实义动词 跳舞 Ella dances better than Emma. Emma 实义动词 唱歌音量 Emma sings louder than her. Emma 实义动词 起床时间 Emma always gets up earlier than me. I 实义动词 学习努力程度 I work as hard as her! 二、即学即用 （一）写出下列形容词/副词的比较级 原级 比较级 原级 比较级 tall ______ outgoing ______ nice ______ good ______ big ______ bad ______ easy ______ many ______ happy ______ little ______ thin ______ far ______ beautiful ______ old ______ fast ______ carefully ______ 参考答案：taller; nicer; bigger; easier; happier; thinner; more beautiful; faster; more outgoing; better; worse; more; less; farther/further; older/elder; more carefully （二）用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空 1. My brother is ______ (old) than me. 2. This book is ______ (interesting) than that one. 3. The apple is ______ (big) than the cherry. 4. She is ______ (thin) than her friend. 5. The weather is getting ______ (hot) these days. 6. I think Linda is ______ (smart) than most kids. 7. My mother works as ______ (hard) as my father. 8. —Who is ______ (outgoing), your sister or your brother?—My brother. 9. Tina plays the piano ______ (well) than me. 10. This room is not as ______ (big) as that one. 11. He is much ______ (clever) than his brother. 12. The more you eat, the ______ (fat) you will be. 参考答案：1. older 2. more interesting 3. bigger 4. thinner 5. hotter 6. smarter 7. hard 8. more outgoing 9. better 10. big 11. cleverer 12. Fatter 考点二：同级比较—— as…as / not as…as 一、知识精讲 同级比较用于表示两者在某方面程度相同或不同，使用形容词或副词的原级。 1. 肯定结构：as + 原级 + as 表示“两者在某方面程度相同”，意为“和……一样”。 · 形容词同级比较：主语 + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + 比较对象 教材原句：Her hair is as long as mine.（她的头发和我的一样长。） · 副词同级比较：主语 + 实义动词 + as + 副词原级 + as + 比较对象 教材原句：He works as hard as his father.（他工作和他爸爸一样努力。） 2. 否定结构：not as/so + 原级 + as 表示“前者不如后者”，not so 语气比 not as 更委婉。 教材原句： · This room is not as big as that one.（这个房间不如那个大。） · She doesn't sing so well as her friend.（她唱歌不如她朋友好。） 3. 易错警示 ⚠️ as…as 中间必须用原级，不能用比较级！ ❌ She is as taller as me. ✅ She is as tall as me. ⚠️ as…as 与 than 句型不能混用！ ❌ She is as taller than me. ✅ She is as tall as me. / She is taller than me. 二、即学即用 一、单项选择 1. This box is ______ than that one. I can't carry it by myself. A.heavy B. heavier C. heaviest D. more heavy 2. Liu Xiang runs ______ than many other runners in the world. A.fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast 3. —Who dances ______, Ella or Emma?—Ella. She dances better than Emma. A.good B. well C. better D. best 4. My sister is ______ than me, but she is ______ than me. A.shorter; younger B. taller; older C. younger; shorter D. older; taller 5. The population of Beijing is ______ than that of Tianjin. A.larger B. more C. bigger D. larger 参考答案：1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 解析： 1. 有 than 提示用比较级；heavy 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -er。 2. than 提示用比较级，fast 的比较级为 faster。 3. Who 引导两者比较，用比较级 better 修饰动词 dances。 4. 需注意比较级前后逻辑一致，older 和 taller 都是形容人的正常比较。 5. population（人口）比较大小用 large 的比较级 larger，不用 big。 二、句型转换 1. I went to the beach last Sunday.（改为否定句） → I ______ ______ to the beach last Sunday. 2. She visited her uncle last weekend.（改为一般疑问句） → ______ she ______ her uncle last weekend? 3. I went to Yunnan on vacation.（对划线部分提问） → ______ ______ you ______ on vacation? 4. Tom is 14 years old. Sam is 16 years old.（用比较级合并为一句） → Sam is ______ ______ Tom. 5. This room is bigger than that one.（改为同义句） → That room is ______ ______ ______ this one. 参考答案： 1. didn't go 2. Did; visit 3. Where did; go 4. two years older than（或 older than） 5. not as big as 三 、完成句子（用比较级或同级比较） 1. 我姐姐比我更外向。 My sister is ______ ______ than me. 2. 他和她学习一样努力。 He works ______ ______ ______ her. 3. 这个房间不如那个房间大。 This room is ______ ______ ______ as that one. 4. 你越努力，就会变得越好。 The ______ you work, the ______ you will be. 5. 埃玛比埃拉高，但她的头发比埃拉的短。 Emma is ______ than Ella, but her hair is ______ than Ella's. 参考答案： 1. more outgoing 2. as hard as 3. not as/so big 4. harder; better 5. taller; shorter 词句基础练 一、单项选择 1．This book is ________ interesting than that one. A．much B．more much C．much more D．very 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这本书比那本书有趣得多。 much修饰比较级；more much语法错误；much more……得多；very非常。根据关键词“than”可知句子要用比较级，interesting的比较级是more interesting；much可以修饰比较级，表示“……得多”，放在比较级前面，应填much more。 2．—Sarah studies ________ than her brother. She studies for two hours every night! —Yes, we should learn from her. A．hard B．harder C．more hard D．the hardest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莎拉比她的兄弟学习更努力。她每晚学习两个小时！——是的，我们应该向她学习。 根据句中关键词than可知，此处表示两者之间的比较，应用比较级。hard为单音节副词，变比较级直接加-er，即harder。 3．My brother is ________ than me. A．funny B．funnier C．more funny D．the funniest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的弟弟比我更有趣。 句中有than，表示两者对比，要用形容词比较级。funny是以辅音字母+y结尾的单词，变比较级要把y变i再加-er，即funnier。 4．Which subject do you like ________, math or English? A．well B．better C．best D．the best 【答案】B 【详解】句意：数学和英语，你更喜欢哪一科？ “math or English”是两者比较，用比较级，like...better表示“更喜欢……”，应填better。 5．—Many boy students think science is ________ English. —I agree. I am not good at English. A．so difficult as B．less difficult than C．more difficult than D．much difficult than 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——许多男学生认为科学不如英语难。——我同意。我不擅长英语。 A项通常用于否定结构；D项语法错误，much应修饰比较级；根据答语“I agree. I am not good at English”可知英语更难，因此科学难度低于英语，C项表达的是“科学比英语更难”，语意相反，B项表达的是“科学不如英语难”，符合逻辑。 6．—Both Cai Xukun and Li Chen join Keep Running, right? —Yes. Cai is in ________ episodes than Li because Cai has to spend ________ time on music creation. A．less; more B．fewer; less C．fewer; more D．more; fewer 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 蔡徐坤和李晨都参加了《奔跑吧兄弟》，对吗？—— 是的。蔡参加的期数比李少，因为蔡需要花更多时间在音乐创作上。 less更少的，修饰不可数名词；fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数；more更多的。根据句意，他要花费更多时间做音乐，那么能参加的时间就变少，参加的期数就应该是“更少”。episodes是可数名词复数，表示“更少的期数”应用fewer修饰；time是不可数名词，根据句意可知需花“更多”时间在音乐上，应用more修饰，应填fewer；more。 7．My brother doesn’t sing ________ me. I sing louder. A．as loud as B．so louder as C．as loudly as D．more loudly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我哥哥唱歌不如我响亮。我唱得声音更大。 loud大声的（形容词）；loudly大声地（副词）。not as…as意为“不如……”，中间用原级；此处修饰动词sing要用副词，因此用as loudly as。 A选项loud是形容词，不能修饰动词；B选项so…as中间要用原级，louder是比较级，形式错误；D选项more loudly缺少than，结构不完整。应填as loudly as。 8．This park is ________ than that one. There are more trees and flowers here. A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个公园比那个公园更漂亮，这里有更多的树和花。 根据句中的“than”可知，此处用形容词比较级形式，beautiful是多音节形容词，其比较级需在前面加more。故选B。 9．She knows ________ about cooking, and her brother knows even ________. A．little; more B．much; little C．little; less D．much; a little 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她对烹饪了解很少，她的哥哥了解得更少。 little很少；much很多；less更少；more更多；a little一点儿。第一空修饰动词knows，表示否定含义“很少”，应用little；第二空被even修饰，需用比较级，且根据and可知前后语意一致，表示“更少”，应用less。 10．Jack has ________ free time than Mike, so he has ________ hobbies than Mike. A．fewer; less B．more; fewer C．less; fewer D．fewer; more 【答案】C 【详解】句意：杰克比迈克有更少的空闲时间，所以他比迈克有更少的爱好。 fewer“更少的（修饰可数名词）”；less“更少的（修饰不可数名词）” ；more“更多的”。第一空修饰不可数名词free time，应用less；第二空修饰可数名词复数hobbies，且根据前半句Jack空闲时间更少，说明应用fewer表达“更少”，故选C。 11．The ________ you practice speaking English, the ________ you will be. A．much; good B．more; better C．more; good D．much; better 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你练习说英语越多，你就会变得越好。 much许多；good好的；more更多（much/many的比较级）；better更好（good/well的比较级）。根据句子结构可知，此处考查固定句型“The + 比较级..., the + 比较级...”，意为“越……，就越……”。第一空修饰动词practice，应用much的比较级more；第二空作表语，应用good的比较级better。 12．—Did you win the game? —No. Our team did ________ than theirs. A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你们赢比赛了吗？——没有。我们队表现得比他们队更差。 bad坏的（形容词）；badly糟糕地（副词原级）；worse更差（比较级）；worst最差（最高级）。根据句中的“than”可知，此处应用比较级。did是实义动词，修饰动词应用副词，badly的比较级是worse，worse符合语境。 二、完成句子 1．I don’t like maths as much as English. (改为同义句) I like English ________ ________ maths. 【答案】 better/more than 【详解】句意：我不像喜欢英语那样喜欢数学。改为同义句“我比起数学更喜欢英语”。 原句使用了同级比较的否定结构not as much as（前者不如后者……），转换为同义的比较级结构时，需要用比较级+than的搭配：动词like可以用副词well修饰，其比较级为better，也可以用表示程度的much的比较级more来修饰like，表达“更喜爱”的含义，因此第一空可以填better或者more。第二空填入介词than，引出比较的对象maths，构成完整的比较级句式。 2．在学习方面，艾拉和她的双胞胎姐姐一样勤奋。 When it comes to studying, Ella is ____________ her twin sister. 【答案】as hardworking as 【详解】原句关键词为“和……一样勤奋”，用“as hardworking as”表示；该空位于is之后，构成as+形容词原级+as结构，表示同级比较。 3．我和你一样学习勤奋，但你比我阅读得多。 I’m ________ ________ ________ you, but you ________ ________ than I do. 【答案】 as hard-working as read more 【详解】原句中“和……一样”是关键词，用到固定结构as+形容词原级+as，表示“和……一样”；“勤奋的”是hard-working。后半句“比……多”，than提示要用比较级，主语you，一般现在时动词用原形read，much的比较级more表示“更多”。 4．中国的人口比澳大利亚的人口多。 The ________ of China is ________ ________ ________ of Australia. 【答案】 population larger than that 【详解】句中“人口”是关键词，英文用population；“比……多”是关键词，英文用larger than；“that of Australia”中that指代前面提到的population，避免重复。 5．他不像迈克那么直率，但他很高兴有一个诚实的朋友。 He is ________ ________ than Mike is, but he is glad to have ________ ________ friend. 【答案】 less straightforward an honest 【详解】原句的关键词是“不像……那么直率”和“一个诚实的”。句子时态为一般现在时。“不像……那么……”结合后文than可知应用less...than比较结构，“直率”在初中英语语境中常表达为straightforward，故译为less straightforward。 “一个诚实的”中honest发音以元音音素开头，不定冠词应用an，表达为an honest。 6．The red bike is 300 yuan. The blue bike is 280 yuan. (用比较级改写句子) The red bike is ________ ________ ________ the blue bike. 【答案】 more expensive than 【详解】句意：红色自行车300元，蓝色自行车280元。由原句可知，红色自行车比蓝色自行车更贵，expensive是多音节形容词，比较级用more expensive，than引出比较对象the blue bike。 7．Tom is 14 years old. Sam is 16 years old.（合并为一句，用比较级） Sam is ________ ________ ________ than Tom. 【答案】 two years older 【详解】句意：汤姆14岁。山姆16岁。根据年龄可知，山姆比汤姆大两岁，表示“大几岁”的结构是“基数词+years+old的比较级older”。故填two years older。 8．我认为不同的朋友让我变得更好。 I think friends who are different ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 make me better 【详解】原句中“让我变得更好”是关键词，固定搭配“make sb. + 形容词”，意为“使某人处于某种状态/让某人变得……”，题干中定语从句的先行词friends是复数，谓语用一般现在时的原形make即可，后接宾格me作make的宾语，最后加形容词better（更好的）补全含义，完全对应中文原句语义。 9．This park is more beautiful than that zoo. (改为同义句) That zoo is ________ ________ ________ this park. 【答案】 less beautiful than 【详解】句意：这个公园比那个动物园更漂亮。根据题干可知，同义句表达的是“那个动物园不如这个公园漂亮”。用less beautiful than都表示“不如……漂亮”，故填“less beautiful than”。 10．杰克没有玛丽大，但他比她高。 Jack isn’t ________ old ________ Mary, but he is ________ ________ her. 【答案】 as/so as taller than 【详解】原句中“没有……大”和“比……高”是关键词，前两空：此处要表达“和玛丽一样大”的含义，同级比较结构“as + 形容词原级 + as”表示“和……一样……”，否定句里第一个as也可以替换为so，构成“not as/so + 形容词原级 + as”，意为“不如……”，正好对应“杰克没有玛丽大”的语义；后两空：句中出现了表示比较的标志词than（比），结合“比她高”的语义，要使用形容词tall的比较级taller，构成taller than的比较结构，符合后半句的句意要求。 三、翻译 1．我的朋友和我一样勤奋。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My friend is as hard-working as me. 【详解】“我的朋友和我一样勤奋。”译为“My friend is as hard-working as me.” “我的朋友”译为My friend，置于句首，首字母大写；“和……一样”译为as...as...，中间需接形容词的原级；“勤奋”译为hard-working；主语“My friend”是第三人称单数，因此be动词使用is；as在此处作介词，后面的人称代词需用宾格形式me。 2．她不像她姐姐那样擅长唱歌。 _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】She is not as good at singing as her sister. 【详解】“她不像她姐姐那样擅长唱歌”译为She is not as good at singing as her sister。She作主语；is系动词；not as…as为同级比较否定结构，表示“不如……”；be good at为固定短语，后接动名词singing；her sister作比较对象。 3．我比Ella安静一点。她比我更加搞笑。 _______________________________ 【答案】 I’m a little quieter than Ella. She is funnier than me. 【详解】“我比Ella安静一点。她比我更加搞笑。”译为I’m a little quieter than Ella. She is funnier than me. 本题考查形容词比较级句型，结构为“主语+be动词+形容词比较级+than+比较对象”，描述人物性格特征，使用一般现在时。“安静”译为quiet，其比较级为quieter；“一点”用a little表示，用于修饰比较级，需放在比较级之前。“搞笑”译为funny，以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变比较级时需变y为i再加-er，即funnier；than后接人称代词宾格me表示“我”。 4．对我们来说，过上长寿且健康的生活比以前更难了。 _________________________________________________ 【答案】It is harder for us to live long and healthy lives than before./It is more difficult for us to live a long and healthy life than before. 【详解】“对我们来说”for us；“过上……生活”live...life（这里根据表达习惯，一种用复数lives强调生活状态多样性，一种用单数life泛指一种生活）；“长寿且健康的”long and healthy；“比……更难”be harder/more difficult than；“以前”before；本句结合语境用“It is +形容词比较级+for sb. to do sth.”表示“对某人来说做……更……”。故填It is harder for us to live long and healthy lives than before./It is more difficult for us to live a long and healthy life than before. 5．中国的学生暑假放假比美国的学生少几周。 __________________________________________________ 【答案】Chinese students have fewer weeks off for the summer holiday than American students. 【详解】结合题意可知，该句是一般现在时。Chinese students“中国的学生”；have fewer weeks off for the summer holiday“暑假放假少几周”，主语为复数，动词用原形；than“比”，前后连接两个比较对象；American students“美国的学生”。故填Chinese students have fewer weeks off for the summer holiday than American students. 6．我爸爸做饭比我妈妈做得好。 ______________________________ 【答案】My father cooks better than my mother. 【详解】根据中文句子可知，该句是一个肯定句，时态为一般现在时，“我爸爸”可翻译为my father，位于句首，作主语，首字母要大写；“做饭”可以翻译为cook，动词原形，此处应用其第三人称单数形式cooks，作谓语；“比……做得好”可以翻译为better than，其中better修饰动词cook；“我妈妈”可翻译为my mother。故填My father cooks better than my mother. 7．我花了尽可能少的时间帮助他理解了海报。(as…… as possible) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】I spent as little time as I can helping him understand the poster. 【详解】sb spend time doing sth“某人花费时间做某事”，as little time as I can“尽可能少的时间”，help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，him“他”，understand the poster“理解海报”，根据中文意思可判断此句是一般过去时，故填I spent as little time as I can helping him understand the poster. 8．凯特跳舞比露西跳得更好。 ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Kate dances better than Lucy. 【详解】“凯特跳舞比露西跳得更好。”译为Kate dances better than Lucy。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时；主语Kate是第三人称单数，谓语动词dance变为dances；修饰动词dance需用副词，well的比较级为better；“比”译为连词than，than后面接比较对象Lucy。 语篇拔高练 一、选词填空 Passage A 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 many   stay   opinion   good   friendship   if   quite   win   care   similarity Should friends be similar or different? Some people think that friends should be similar, but other people think that friends should be different. What’s your 1 about it? Well, let me tell you something about my best friend and me. My best friend is Lucy. We are 1 different from each other. I’m quieter and enjoy 2 at home to read books. I work harder and I often get 3 grades than she does. Lucy is more outgoing and enjoys going to parties. She has 4 friends than me. However, Lucy and I have some 5 . We both love music. We often go to the music club together at weekends. We are also interested in dancing. Last month, we took part in a dancing competition as a group and 6 the first prize. In fact, I don’t really care 7 my friends are similar to or different from me. A true friend is always ready to help you when you are in trouble. Lucy always 8 about me. When I’m sad, she listens to me and tries her best to encourage me. That’s why I value our 9 so much. 【答案】 1．opinion 2．quite 3．staying 4．better 5．more 6．similarities 7．won 8．if 9．cares 10．friendship 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要通过讲述作者和好友露西的故事，探讨朋友之间应该相似还是不同这一话题。 【详解】 1．句意：关于这件事你的看法是什么？前文提出了朋友应当相似还是不同的问题，结合语境，此处询问对方的观点，opinion表示“看法、观点”，your后接名词，符合语法和语境，故填opinion。 2．句意：我们彼此相当不一样。下文介绍两人性格方面存在诸多差异，quite表示“相当”，副词修饰形容词different，符合语法和语境，故填quite。 3．句意：我更文静，喜欢待在家里看书。前半句交代性格文静，enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，stay at home表示“待在家”，stay要变为动名词形式，符合语法和语境，故填staying。 4．句意：我学习更加努力，我的成绩常常比她更好。句中出现比较级标志词than，good的比较级是better，better grades表示“更好的成绩”，和前文学习更努力的表述相呼应，符合语法和语境，故填better。 5．句意：她的朋友比我多。上文提到露西性格更加外向，说明朋友多，句中有比较级标志词than，many的比较级为more，more friends表示“更多朋友”，符合语法和语境，故填more。 6．句意：然而，露西和我也有一些共同点。however表语义转折，前文讲二人差异，此处讲二人的相同之处，some后接可数名词复数，similarity表示“相同之处”，要变为复数形式，符合语法和语境，故填similarities。 7．句意：上个月，我们组队参加舞蹈比赛，赢得了一等奖。时间标志词“last month”表示事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时，win the first prize表示“赢得一等奖”，win的过去式为won，符合语法和语境，故填won。 8．句意：事实上，我并不在乎我的朋友和我是相似还是不同。本句为宾语从句，后面搭配or，if表示“是否”，用来引出选择疑问含义的从句，符合语法和语境，故填if。 9．句意：露西总是关心我。care about是常用短语，意为“关心”，主语Lucy是第三人称单数，本句为一般现在时，谓语动词要使用三单形式，符合语法和语境，故填cares。 10．句意：这就是我如此珍惜我们之间友谊的原因。整篇短文围绕我和露西的朋友关系展开，our后面接名词，friendship表示“友谊”，符合语法和语境，故填friendship。 Passage B 从下列方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空。 pleasure   beautiful   spare   find   common   much   serious   strong   attend   perform The world of wildlife photography (摄影) is highly competitive, and two photographers, Alex and Maya, are making waves in this field. Alex is very hard-working. He spends countless hours 1 the perfect locations. He believes that the 2 time he invests (投入) in preparation, the 3 his photos will be. Maya is also 4 about her craft and has a different approach (方法). She focuses on understanding the behaviour (行为) of animals. In her 5 time, she reads widely about different species (种类) to gain more knowledge. Last year, they both 6 a wildlife photography competition. Maya 7 well. The topic was Whispers of the Wild and she had 8 in the topic. Although Alex didn’t get a prize, he still found much 9 from the competition. Their styles are different, but they had one thing in 50 —the deep passion for wildlife photography. 【答案】 1．finding 2．more 3．more beautiful 4．serious 5．spare 6．attended 7．performed 8．strength 9．pleasure 10．common 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了两位野生动物摄影师Alex和Maya不同的摄影风格和方法，两人参加同一场摄影比赛，虽风格不同，但都热爱野生动物摄影。 【详解】 1．句意：他花费无数个小时寻找完美的地点。摄影师需要花费时间找到拍摄地点，备选词find“找到，发现”符合语境；固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，需用find的动名词形式finding。 2．句意：他相信投入的准备时间越多，他的照片就会越漂亮。摄影师投入准备的时间和照片效果相关，备选词much“许多”符合语境；本句为the + 比较级，the + 比较级“越……，就越……”结构，much的比较级是more。 3．句意：他相信投入的准备时间越多，他的照片就会越漂亮。此处位于the比较级结构中，作表语，表示照片会“更漂亮”，需用备选词beautiful的比较级more beautiful。 4．句意：Maya对她的技艺也很认真，并且有不同的方法。本句表达Maya对待摄影的态度，备选词serious“认真的”符合语境，固定搭配be serious about意为“对……认真”。 5．句意：在业余时间，她广泛阅读关于不同物种的资料以增加知识。本句指Maya的空余时间，备选词spare“空闲的”符合语境，固定搭配in one’s spare time意为“在某人的空闲时间”，spare作形容词修饰名词“time”。 6．句意：去年，他们都参加了一场野生动物摄影比赛。本句表达参加比赛，备选词attend“参加”符合语境；时间标志词“Last year”表示一般过去时，attend的过去式是attended。 7．句意：Maya表现很好。本句描述Maya在比赛中的状态，备选词perform“表现”符合语境；句子叙述去年的事情，为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式performed， 8．句意：大赛主题是“荒野低语”，她在这个主题上很有实力。本句表达她在该主题方面有优势，备选词strong“强大的”符合语境，固定搭配have strength in…意为“在……方面有实力”，strength是不可数名词，无复数形式。 9．句意：虽然Alex没有获奖，但他仍然从比赛中发现了许多乐趣。本句表达从比赛收获快乐，备选词pleasure“乐趣”符合语境；much后接不可数名词，pleasure为不可数名词，无复数形式。 10．句意：他们的风格不同，但他们有一个共同点——对野生动物摄影的深厚热情。本句表达拥有共同点，备选词common“共同的”符合语境，固定搭配have sth. in common意为“有共同点”。 Passage C 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 race  difference  while  tired  reach  he  succeed  loud  practise  really Tony is my best friend. There are many 1 between us, though. I’m shy and quiet. However, Tony is more outgoing and he always speaks 2 than me. When we are free, I spend most of the time in studying and reading, 3 Tony enjoys doing sports. Tony often joins in some running 4 . You can see a lot of sports medals (奖牌) in his room. Last month, Tony asked me to join in a cross-country running race together with 5 . At first, I said no because I wasn’t 6 . good at running. “If you don’t have a try, you will never know how far you can run,” Tony said to me. Hearing his words, I decided to join in the race. After 7 for a month, I ran for the race yesterday. I ran fast at first. But half an hour later, I was 8 and became much slower. I was about to give up when Tony came up to me and said, “Come on! You are doing a good job. Try your best! You can make it.” In the end, I 9 in finishing the race. Just as the saying goes, “Perseverance (坚持) leads to victory.” To 10 the finishing line, we should never give up easily. 【答案】 1．differences 2．louder 3．while 4．races 5．him 6．really 7．practising 8．tired 9．succeeded 10．reach 【导语】本文讲述了作者与好朋友Tony性格不同，在Tony的鼓励下，作者克服困难坚持完成越野跑比赛的经历，说明了坚持才能胜利的道理。 【详解】 1．句意：尽管如此，我们之间还是有许多不同。此处需要一个名词作主语，根据“I’m shy and quiet. However, Tony is more outgoing”表明两人性格存在差异，所以选择“difference”的复数形式differences。 2．句意：然而，托尼更外向，他总是说话比我大声。此处需要一个副词比较级作状语，根据“Tony is more outgoing”表明托尼性格外向，说话声音大，所以选择“loud”的比较级louder。 3．句意：当我有空时，我大部分时间都在学习和阅读，而托尼喜欢做运动。此处需要一个连词引导状语从句，根据“I spend most of the time in studying and reading”与“Tony enjoys doing sports”形成对比，所以选择while。 4．句意：托尼经常参加一些跑步比赛。此处需要一个名词作宾语，根据“You can see a lot of sports medals in his room.”表明托尼经常参加比赛并获奖，所以选择“race”的复数形式races。 5．句意：上个月，托尼邀请我和他一起参加越野跑比赛。此处需要一个代词作介词“with”的宾语。根据“Tony asked me to join in a cross-country running race together”表明托尼邀请“我”一起参加比赛，所以选择“he”的宾格形式him。 6．句意：起初，我拒绝了，因为我真的不擅长跑步。此处需要一个副词修饰“good”。根据“At first, I said no”表明“我”拒绝的原因是跑步不好，所以选择really。 7．句意：练习了一个月后，我昨天参加了比赛。此处需要一个动名词作介词“After”的宾语。根据“I ran for the race yesterday.”表明“我”昨天参加了比赛，这是练习的结果，所以选择“practise”的动名词形式practising。 8．句意：但半小时后，我累了，慢了很多。此处需要一个形容词作表语。根据“and became much slower”表明“我”体力不支，所以选择tired。 9．句意：最后，我成功完成了比赛。此处需要一个动词过去式作谓语。根据“Try your best! You can make it.”表明托尼鼓励“我”坚持到底，最终“我”成功了，所以选择“succeed”的过去式succeeded。 10．句意：为了到达终点线，我们不应该轻易放弃。此处需要一个动词原形作目的状语。根据“Perseverance leads to victory.”表明坚持才能胜利，所以选择reach。 Passage D 请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。 direct  strong  friend  show  die  they  much  please  interested  perform  he  until Long time ago, there was a man named Yu Boya. His 1 was playing the qin. One day during a boat trip, he saw green mountains and clear water.” How 2 the landscapes are!” he thought and then 3 a piece of music with his qin. At that time, a young man stood on the riverbank. He enjoyed the music a lot. 4 name was Zhong Ziqi. Yu invited Zhong to the boat 5 and played the qin for him. Zhong said,” What beautiful music! It makes me think of the high Mount Tai.” Then Zhong started to play music.” How nice it is! The notes are like the running river,” Yu said to Zhong excitedly. Soon they became good 6 . They said they would meet again in the same place the next year. The following year, Yu arrived there on time, but later he knew that Zhong 7 of an illness (疾病). It made him very sad. He said,” My best friend is no longer here. Nobody can understand my music 8 than Ziqi.” He played a piece of music. Then he broke his qin and never played it again. The two friends shared the same 9 and they knew each other well. Since then, people have used their story 10 the meaning of true friendship. 【答案】 1．strength 2．pleasant 3．performed 4．His 5．directly 6．friends 7．died 8．more 9．interest 10．to show 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国古代“高山流水”的故事，描述了俞伯牙与钟子期因音乐结缘成为知音，以及钟子期死后伯牙破琴绝弦的感人情节。 【详解】 1．句意：他擅长弹琴。根据“Yu Boya”和“playing the qin”可知，弹琴是他的“长处”，应使用形容词strong的名词形式strength，可数名词，作主语，根据“was”可知，用单数。 2．句意：他想：“景色多么宜人啊！”，然后用琴演奏了一首曲子。根据空格后的“the landscapes are”可知，此处表示风景宜人，应使用动词please的形容词形式pleasant作表语，意为“宜人的；令人感到愉快的”。 3．句意：他想：“景色多么宜人啊！”然后用琴演奏了一首曲子。根据空格后的“a piece of music with his qin”可知，此处表示用琴演奏了一首曲子，选perform“演奏”，根据“thought”可知，此处用一般过去时，perform的过去式是performed。 4．句意：他的名字叫钟子期。分析句子结构可知，name前需用形容词性物主代词修饰，方框中的he是人称代词主格，其形容词性物主代词为his。 5．句意：俞伯牙直接邀请钟子期上船，为他弹琴。根据空格后的“played the qin for him”可知，要为他弹琴，应是直接邀请他上船，选direct“直接的”，修饰动词invited，用副词，direct的副词形式是directly。 6．句意：很快他们成为了好朋友。后文提到“The two friends shared the same...”这两个朋友分享着共同的兴趣。可知，此处表示他们成为了好朋友，选friend“朋友”，形容词good修饰名词，they代指两人，friend用复数形式friends。 7．句意：但后来他知道钟子期因病去世了。后文提到“My best friend is no longer here.”我的好朋友不在了，因此表示他去世了，选die“去世”，根据“knew”可知，此处用一般过去时，die的过去式是died。 8．句意：没人能比子期更懂我的音乐。根据后文提到“Then he broke his qin and never played it again.”他把琴摔断了，再也不弹它了，因此表示他认为子期去世了，没有人比他更懂自己的音乐，选much“多”，根据“than”可知，此处用比较级more。 9．句意：这两位朋友有着相同的兴趣，他们非常了解彼此。前文提到“Nobody can understand my music...than Ziqi.”没人能比子期更懂我的音乐，可知，他们有共同的兴趣，选interested“感兴趣的”，the same修饰名词，interested的名词形式是interest。 10．句意：从此，人们用他们的故事来展示真正友谊的含义。结合句意，此处表示用故事展示真正友谊的意义，选show“展示”，use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”，此处用to show。 二、短文填空 Passage A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Last year, I moved to a new school and felt very lonely. I didn’t know anyone and was afraid 1 (make) new friends. One day, a girl named Amy came up to me and said, “Hi, I’m Amy. Do you want to sit with me at lunch?” I was happy and nodded. We started talking and found out that we had a lot 2 common. Both of us liked reading science fiction books and playing the piano. Amy was 3 (outgoing) than me. She helped me get to know other classmates and made me 4 (feel) welcome. We spent a lot of time together. We studied together, played the piano together, and even went to the library together every weekend. As time went by, we became best friends. Amy 5 (care) about me very much. When I was sad because I failed a test, she 6 (cheer) me up and helped me review my lessons. When she won a piano competition, I was the first one 7 (congratulate) her. Now, we are still good friends. I know that true friendship is about 8 (accept) each other’s differences and supporting each other through good times and bad. I feel lucky 9 (have) such a good friend. I hope our friendship will last forever and we will always be there 10 each other. 【答案】 1．to make 2．in 3．more outgoing 4．feel 5．cared 6．cheered 7．to congratulate 8．accepting 9．to have 10．for 【导语】本文讲述了作者转学后在新学校感到孤独，后来遇到Amy并成为挚友的故事，展现了真挚友谊中相互接纳、彼此支持的美好意义。 【详解】 1．句意：我不认识任何人，害怕结交新朋友。“be afraid to do sth.”为固定搭配，表示“害怕做某事”，afraid后接动词不定式，to make符合语境。 2．句意：我们开始交谈，发现我们有很多共同之处。“have...in common”为固定短语，表示“有……共同之处”，in符合搭配。 3．句意：Amy比我更外向。句中“than me”提示此处需用形容词比较级，outgoing为多音节形容词，其比较级形式在前面加more，more outgoing符合语境。 4．句意：她帮助我结识其他同学，让我感到受欢迎。make为使役动词，其后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，即“make sb. do sth.”，故填feel。 5．句意：Amy非常关心我。全文叙述的是去年发生的事情，主体时态为一般过去时，此处谓语动词需用过去式cared。 6．句意：当我因为考试不及格而难过时，她让我振作起来，帮我复习功课。此处与“helped”并列作谓语，时态应保持一致，需用一般过去时，cheer的过去式cheered符合语境。 7．句意：当她赢得钢琴比赛时，我是第一个祝贺她的人。当名词被序数词修饰时，其后常用动词不定式作后置定语，即“the first one to do sth.”，故填to congratulate。 8．句意：我知道真正的友谊在于接纳彼此的差异，在顺境和逆境中相互支持。about为介词，介词后接动词时需用动名词形式，accept的动名词是accepting。 9．句意：我很幸运有这样一位好朋友。“feel lucky to do sth.”为固定用法，表示“做某事感到幸运”，此处用动词不定式作原因状语，故填to have。 10．句意：我希望我们的友谊天长地久，我们将永远彼此支持。“be there for sb.”为固定表达，表示“支持某人；在某人需要时陪伴左右”，故填for。 Passage B 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的词，或是用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Friends are always 1 (importance) to me. And one friend, Nancy, is special to me. We met each other twenty years ago when we were teaching in the same school. As soon as she introduced 2 (she), I knew we would be friends. It was clear that we had a lot in common, and after a few months, we decided to share a flat so that we could spend 3 (much) time together than before. What makes her such 4 good friend? Well, she is 5 (humour), generous (慷慨的), and kind-hearted. I can honestly say that in all these years we seldom argued (争论). And when we argued, we made up (和好) very 6 (quick). We could spend hours together just 7 (talk) about the funny things. Unluckily, I had to move away (搬走) 8 I found a new teaching job in another country. I was worried that we might lose touch (失去联系) as we would not be in the same country. Thanks 9 the internet, we send messages (消息) or make video calls to each other almost every day. I can’t imagine my life without Nancy. Having a friend like her is one of the 10 (lucky) things in my life. 【答案】 1．important 2．herself 3．more 4．a 5．humorous 6．quickly 7．talking 8．because 9．to 10．luckiest 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者与好友Nancy的相识、相处与友谊，抒发珍贵友情带来的幸福感。 【详解】 1．句意：朋友对我来说总是很重要。importance“重要性”是名词，be动词后接形容词作表语，importance的形容词形式是important，意为“重要的”，此处考查固定搭配be important to sb.，意为“对某人重要”。 2．句意：她一做自我介绍，我就知道我们会成为朋友。she“她”是人称代词主格，根据主语“she”可知，此处考查常用表达introduce oneself，意为“自我介绍”，此处用herself“她自己”。 3．句意：很明显，我们有很多共同点，几个月后，我们决定合租一套公寓，这样我们就可以比以前有更多的时间在一起。much意为“许多”，是形容词，句中有than“比”，此处应用其比较级more，more time意为“更多时间”。 4．句意：是什么让她成为如此好的一位朋友？此处考查常用搭配“such+a/an+形容词+单数名词”，friend“朋友”是可数名词单数，其前要加不定冠词，good辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，such a good friend意为“如此好的一位朋友”。 5．句意：她幽默、慷慨、心地善良。humour“幽默；幽默感”是名词，be动词is后接形容词作表语，和generous、kind-hearted并列，humour的形容词形式是humorous，意为“幽默的”。 6．句意：就算我们发生争执，也会很快和好。quick意为“快速的”，是形容词，此处修饰动词短语made up“和好”，要用副词修饰动词；quick的副词形式是quickly，意为“快速地”。 7．句意：我们可以一起花上好几个小时，只谈论有趣的事。talk about意为“谈论”，是动词短语，spend time (in) doing sth.是固定表达，意为“花费时间做某事”，因此，此处用talk的动名词形式talking。 8．句意：不幸的是，我不得不搬走，因为我在另一个国家找到了一份新的教学工作。“I found a new teaching job in another country”是“I had to move away”的原因，用连词because“因为”引导原因状语从句。 9．句意：多亏了互联网，我们几乎每天互相发消息或者视频通话。根据语境可知，此处考查固定短语thanks to，意为“多亏，幸亏”，因此，此处应填介词to。 10．句意：拥有像她这样的朋友，是我一生中最幸运的事情之一。lucky意为“幸运的”，是形容词，“one of+the+形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数”是固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”，因此，此处用lucky的最高级luckiest，意为“最幸运的”。 Passage C 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 What is my secret of teaching kids to do housework? Before you get 1 (excite) to learn the secret, I need to tell you that there is no secret at all. It all starts by picking a chore. For example, I want to teach Jenny about 2 (clean) the bathroom. First, I take her with me while I’m doing the chore. I show and tell her how to clean the bathroom 3 (clear). I’ll do this for a few weeks. 4 she watches me for a few weeks, I let her try doing it on her own, with me there watching her. For another 4—5 weeks, Jenny learns how to do each part of the chore. At this point, I would let her do the chore by 5 (she). But that doesn’t mean I will never think about it again. I always go back and check her work. 6 the chore isn’t done well, Jenny will have to do it again. When it 7 (come) to teaching kids to do chores, I start with my oldest child Jenny. And I’m hoping that if I teach her well, she will then teach other younger brothers. I have already asked Jenny 8 (teach) her little brother Andy to clean the bathroom. 99 (final) when Andy learns that, I’ll be able to teach Jenny to do 9 new job. 【答案】 1．excited 2．cleaning 3．clearly 4．After 5．herself 6．If 7．comes 8．to teach 9．Finally 10．a 【导语】本文介绍作者教导孩子做家务的整套方法：先选定一项家务，带着孩子观摩学习，再让孩子独立实操并检查验收；还计划让年长的姐姐学会后教弟弟分担家务，循序渐进地培养孩子们的家务能力。 【详解】 1．句意：在你兴奋地得知这个秘密之前，我需要告诉你根本没有什么秘密。空格前为“get”，是系动词，后接形容词作表语，表示人的主观感受，应填excited，意为“兴奋的”。 2．句意：例如，我想教珍妮关于清洁浴室的事情。空格前为介词“about”，介词后接动名词作宾语，故填cleaning。 3．句意：我展示并告诉她如何清晰地清洁浴室。空格位于句末，修饰动词“clean”，作状语，应填副词clearly，意为“清晰地”。 4．句意：在她观察我几周之后，我让她尝试自己做。前文提到“I’ll do this for a few weeks.”，然后“I let her try doing it on her own”，中间存在时间先后顺序，应填After，表示“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句，位于句首时首字母大写。 5．句意：此时，我会让她自己独立做这个家务。空格前为介词“by”，后接反身代词，表示“独自地”，主语为“Jenny”，对应反身代词为herself。 6．句意：如果家务做得不好，珍妮将不得不重做。前文提到“I always go back and check her work.”，后文“Jenny will have to do it again.”，前后为条件关系，应填If，表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，位于句首时首字母大写。 7．句意：当涉及教孩子做家务时，我从最大的孩子珍妮开始。空格前为“When it”，后接动词，应填动词作谓语。主语“it”为第三人称单数，该句为一般现在时，故“come”用第三人称单数形式comes，且“when it comes to”为固定搭配，意为“当涉及……时”。 8．句意：我已经请珍妮教她的小弟弟安迪清洁浴室。空格前为“asked Jenny”，根据固定搭配“ask sb. to do sth.”，应填不定式to teach作宾语补足语。 9．句意：最终当安迪学会那个时，我将能够教珍妮做一份新的工作。空格位于句首，修饰整个句子，作状语，应填副词Finally，意为“最终”，位于句首时首字母大写。 10．句意：我将能够教珍妮做一份新的工作。空格前为“do”，后接名词“job”，应填限定词。“new job”意为“新的工作”，应填“a”表示泛指。 Passage D 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 I’m Li Qian, a 14-year-old girl in Beijing. At the beginning of this year, I went to study in 1 international school. There I made friends with teenagers from different countries all over the world. Miki is my best friend. She is a kind and helpful girl and often teaches me 2 (Japan) after class. Moreover, she teaches me how 3 (survive) in the face of natural disasters (灾难). “As you know, Japan is one of the countries with the 4 (many) earthquakes in the world. Therefore, schools usually provide all kinds of safety programmes 5 students. They hope to help us develop basic survival 6 (skill) from an early age,” Miki explained (解释). Miki and I both have a great interest in DIY, 7 we joined the DIY Club. We go to the club 8 (two) a week and learn to cook simple dishes from our teacher. At weekends, we spend much time 9 (practise) cooking after we finish our homework. We 10 (have) a school trip next Friday and we plan to make some cookies for our teacher and classmates. I feel lucky to study here and have such a good friend. I hope to create more wonderful moments with Miki together in the future. 【答案】 1．an 2．Japanese 3．to survive 4．most 5．for 6．skills 7．so 8．twice 9．practising 10．will have 【导语】本文讲述李倩转入北京一所国际学校后结识好友Miki，两人一同学习防灾知识、参与DIY活动，并计划在校游制作饼干的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：今年年初，我去一所国际学校学习。international以元音音素开头，不定冠词选用an，泛指一所学校。 2．句意：她是一个善良热心的女孩，经常在课后教我日语。Japan表示“日本”，表达“日语”需要变为Japanese。 3．句意：除此之外，她教我如何在自然灾害面前求生。固定结构“疑问词how + to do不定式”，因此填to survive。 4．句意：正如你所知，日本是世界上地震最多的国家之一。“one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”为固定句型，many的最高级为most。 5．句意：因此学校通常为学生提供各类安全课程。固定搭配provide sth. for sb.，意为“为某人提供某物”，故填for。 6．句意：他们希望从小培养我们基础的生存技能。skill是可数名词，此处表示多种技能，使用复数形式skills。 7．句意：我和Miki都对手工制作十分感兴趣，所以我们加入了手工俱乐部。前后分句存在因果关系，用连词so连接。 8．句意：我们一周去俱乐部两次，跟随老师学习制作简单菜品。twice a week是固定表达，意为一周两次，two转换为twice。 9．句意：周末，我们完成作业后花费大量时间练习烹饪。固定句型spend time (in) doing sth.，practise变动名词practising。 10．句意：下周五我们将有一次学校旅行，我们打算为老师和同学制作一些饼干。next Friday为将来时间标志，时态使用一般将来时，填will have。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $