Unit 3 Healthy life（知识清单）-2026-2027学年人教PEP版（三起）英语六年级上册

Unit 3 Healthy life（知识清单） 教材版本： 人教PEP版（三起）英语六年级上册 知识主题： 健康生活（病症描述 + 健康建议 + 情态动词 should） 一、语音语调 1. 表达关心与建议的语调 句式类型 语调 示例 特殊疑问句 降调 ↘ How do you feel? ↘ / What's the matter? ↘ 一般疑问句 升调 ↗ Are you going? ↗ / Do you feel better? ↗ 表达同情与祝愿 降调（语气下沉）↘ I'm sorry to hear that. ↘ / Get well soon! ↘ 提出建议 降调 Maybe you should see a doctor. ↘ 提示：读 I'm sorry to hear that. 时语气应真诚、下沉，传达同理心，避免读得平淡。 2. 字母组合 -ache 的读音 单词 音标 说明 headache /ˈhedeɪk/ 头痛 toothache /ˈtuːθeɪk/ 牙痛 stomachache /ˈstʌməkeɪk/ 腹痛（注意 ch 读 /k/） 3. 易读错词提示 单词 正确读音 常见错误 cough /kɒf/ 误读为 /kʌf/ diet /ˈdaɪət/ 误读为 /diːt/ fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/ 注意长音 /iː/ ill /ɪl/ 与 ill 不完全相同于 sick 的读音规则 soon /suːn/ 长音 /uː/ 4. 连读与弱读 · runny nose /ˈrʌni nəʊz/：前词以 /i/ 结尾，后词辅音开头，自然过渡。 · get well soon：三个词连读紧凑，节奏均匀。 二、必记单词 A 部分核心词（病症与身体） 单词 音标 词义 cold /kəʊld/ 感冒 ill /ɪl/ 不舒服；生病的 head /hed/ 头；头部 fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/ 发烧；发热 cough /kɒf/ 咳嗽 runny nose /ˈrʌni nəʊz/ 流鼻涕 soon /suːn/ 很快；马上 B 部分核心词（健康与情绪） 单词 音标 词义 discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ 讨论；商量 diet /ˈdaɪæt/ 日常饮食 stay up /steɪ ʌp/ 熬夜 cry /kraɪ/ 哭；哭泣 unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/ 不快乐的；难过的 better /ˈbetə(r)/ 舒畅些的；（病势）好转的 may /meɪ/ 也许；可能 add /æd/ 补充说；增加 其他必记词 单词 音标 词义 another /əˈnʌðə(r)/ 另一；不同的（人或事物） call /kɔːl/ （给……）打电话 email /ˈiːmeɪl/ 电子邮件 glass /ɡlɑːs/ 一杯（的量）；玻璃 video /ˈvɪdiəʊ/ 视频；录像 病症词块（Let's learn 拓展） 词块 词义 have a bad cold 得了重感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛 have a stomachache 肚子痛 have a runny nose 流鼻涕 三、常考短语 短语 词义 have a bad cold 得了重感冒 see a doctor 看医生 take care 保重 get well soon 早日康复 have a rest 休息一下 drink enough water 喝足够的水 have a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食 stay up late 熬夜 exercise often 经常锻炼 think about happy things 想开心的事情 join clubs and teams 加入俱乐部和团队 have fun with friends and family 和朋友家人一起玩得开心 talk about our feelings 谈论我们的感受 feel down 情绪低落 cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来 make video calls 打视频电话 make new friends 交新朋友 take a deep breath 深呼吸 be a volunteer 做志愿者 take care of your eyes and teeth 保护你的眼睛和牙齿 四、必会句型 1. 询问身体状况 · What's the matter? — I have a bad cold. And I have a runny nose. · How do you feel? — I feel ill. My head hurts and I have a runny nose. · 同义替换：What's wrong? / What's the trouble? 2. 描述病症 · I feel ill. · My head hurts. / I have a headache. · I have a bad cold and a cough. · I'm not feeling well. I feel cold and I have a runny nose. 3. 表达关心与祝愿 · I'm sorry to hear that. · Maybe you should see a doctor. · Take care and get well soon! · You should drink some water and have a rest. 4. 谈论健康生活方式 · What is health? — Health is having a good body and feeling happy. · How can we live a healthy life? · We need to eat healthy food. We should exercise too. · I think our family and friends are also very important. 5. 提出健康建议 · Have a healthy diet. / Don't stay up late. / Exercise often. · Think about happy things. / Join clubs and teams. · Have fun with your friends and family. · You should / need to / can ... · Exercise may cheer you up! 6. 表达对情绪的理解与接纳 · It's OK to feel bad. · It's always good to talk to our family. · Sharing isn't bad. 五、核心语法 1. 情态动词 should 的用法 形式： should + 动词原形（无人称和数的变化） 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语 + should + 动词原形 You should see a doctor. 否定句 主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形 She shouldn't stay up late. 一般疑问句 Should + 主语 + 动词原形? Should I drink some water? 用法： 表示"应该、应当"，用于提出建议或劝告，语气委婉、礼貌。 易错警示：should 后必须接动词原形，不能接 to do 或 -ing 形式。 ✗ You should to see a doctor. ✗ He shoulds go home. ✓ You should see a doctor. 2. need to 表"需要" · 结构： 主语 + need to + 动词原形 · 示例： We need to eat healthy food. / You need to have a rest. · 否定： 主语 + don't / doesn't need to + 动词原形（She doesn't need to stay up.） 3. 祈使句及其否定形式 类型 结构 示例 肯定祈使句 动词原形 + 其他 Exercise often. / Have a healthy diet. 否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形 + 其他 Don't stay up late. 功能对比： · Don't stay up late.（祈使句，直接对听话人提出要求，语气直接） · You shouldn't stay up late.（陈述句建议，语气相对委婉） · 课堂用语中，祈使句多用于"给出建议清单"；should 句式多用于"针对某人的具体情况给建议"。 4. "It's + 形容词 + to do sth." 结构 · It's OK to feel bad.（感到难过是正常的。） · It's always good to talk to our family.（和家人谈谈总是好的。） · It's important to wash your hands before meals. 说明：it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。 5. may 表推测 · Exercise may cheer you up!（运动可能会让你振作起来！） · Maybe you should see a doctor.（也许你应该去看医生。） · 区别：may 是情态动词，后接动词原形；maybe 是副词，常置于句首。 六、考点速记 高频考点 1：病症表达中的冠词 · have a cold / have a fever / have a cough / have a headache / have a toothache / have a stomachache / have a runny nose · 统一规律： 表示"患某种病"时，病症名词前通常加不定冠词 a/an。 · 例外提示： have a runny nose（固定搭配，nose 前用 a）。 高频考点 2：should 与 shouldn't 的辨析 情境 建议 感冒发烧 You should see a doctor. / You should drink some water. 熬夜 You shouldn't stay up late. / Don't stay up late. 情绪低落 You should talk to your friends. / Think about happy things. 吃太多蛋糕 You shouldn't eat too much cake. 高频考点 3：疾病与建议的匹配（常考连线/选择） 病症 建议 have a bad cold / fever see a doctor, drink some water, have a rest have a toothache see a dentist（看牙医） have a stomachache don't eat too much, see a doctor feel sad / unhappy talk to friends, think about happy things, join clubs feel tired have a rest, don't stay up late 高频考点 4：写作要点速记 写"给朋友的健康建议"时，注意三要素： 1. 开头表达关心：I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. / I'm sorry you feel sad. 2. 中间给出建议（2~3 条）：You should ... / You shouldn't ... / It's good to ... 3. 结尾表达祝愿：Take care and get well soon! / I hope you feel better soon. 高频考点 5：易混词辨析 词汇 词义与用法 ill / sick 都表"生病的"，ill 多作表语（be ill），sick 可作定语或表语 better ①更好（good 的比较级）；②（病势）好转（be better） may / maybe may 情态动词后接动词原形；maybe 副词常置句首 another / other another 后接单数名词（另一……）；other 后接复数名词 glass ①玻璃（不可数）；②一杯（可数，a glass of water） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $