Unit 6 课时3 Section 2 Grammar（教学课件）英语新教材沪教版九年级上册

Unit 6 Section 2 Grammar 沪教版2024英语（九年级上） Food and health 1 学习目标 I can identify the different parts of a balanced diet. understand the relationship between food and health. review the food and service of a restaurant. understand the hardships farmers face with food production. 2 01 新 课 导 入 03 应 用 实 践 06 回 顾 总 结 07 随 堂 小 练 02 学 习 理 解 04 迁 移 创 新 05 考 点 速 递 学习内容 3 新课导入 1 4 I believe that a balanced breakfast gives us energy for the whole morning Read the following sentences and find out the common features. 宾语都是完整的句子 引导宾语从句关联词that Many students know that eating too much junk food is bad for their health. Read the following sentences and find out the common features. 宾语都是完整的句子 引导宾语从句关联词that I found out that different food gives our body different energy. Read the following sentences and find out the common features. 宾语都是完整的句子 引导宾语从句关联词that I wonder if (whether) I should drink more milk every morning. Read the following sentences and find out the common features. 宾语都是完整的句子 引导宾语从句关联词if The girl asked whether eating too much sweet food was unhealthy. Read the following sentences and find out the common features. 宾语都是完整的句子 引导宾语从句关联词whether We should know what we eat every day. Read the following sentences and find out the common features. 宾语都是完整的句子 引导宾语从句关联词疑问词 Read the following sentences and find out the common features. He wondered how he could get more energy after exercising. 宾语都是完整的句子 引导宾语从句关联词疑问词 学习理解 02 12 Object clauses To say what we know, think, believe, etc. , we can use certain verbs with that-clauses or wh-clauses. These clauses act as the object of the verbs. Su Mei and Su Wen are talking about what to order in a restaurant. Read the dialogue and pay attention to the words in bold. Su Mei: There's so much delicious food on the menu. I wonder what we should order today. Su Wen: I think (that) I'll have some grilled fish, roast lamb, fried rice and a large bottle of sports drink. Su Mei: Are you sure (that)you want to order that much? You promised (that) you would keep a balanced diet. Su Wen: Oh, that's right. I really don’t know why I like meat so much. Su Mei: You need to be aware of your health. The doctor suggested that you should eat less meat. I'll show you how you can eat more healthily. For example, research shows(that) we should eat a lot of fruit and vegetables. And about sports drinks, they are usually full of sugar, so water is a much healthier option. Su Wen: Alright. I hope(that)you can order some healthy and delicious food. ● We often use those-clauses after verbs like think, believe, hope, agree, feel, hear, see, know, find, learn, promise, and so on. ● We often use wh-clauses after verbs like wonder explain discuss, remember, forget, understand, know, ask, show, and so on. Look ● We often leave out that in an object clause in speech. ● The word order in a that-clause should be the same as that in a statement. ● The subject comes before the verb in a wh-clause. 一 、概念 在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。 宾语从句 We know that he is a famous basketball player. 宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。 宾语从句 谓 主 连接词 二、用法(三要素：连接词、语序和时态) 1 连接词 （1）that引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由陈述句充当时，用that引导。that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。在很多动词如think, believe, say, tell, ask, find, wish, hope, suppose, agree, explain, remember, expect, suggest, imagine等后面都可以用that引导的宾语从句。如： Most people think (that) the film is very interesting. 大多数人都认为这部电影很有趣。 She says (that) they are good teachers. 她说他们是好老师。 （2）whether/if引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由一般疑问句充当时，用whether或if引导。如： Will Mary come to the party? I don’t know. → I don’t know if / whether Mary will come to the party. 我不知道玛丽是否会来参加聚会。 （3）疑问词引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由特殊疑问句充当时，用who, what, whom, whose, which, when, where, why, how等作为引导词。如： What did Mary say? I want to know. → I want to know what Mary said. 我想知道玛丽说了什么。 How many hours does a teenager need to sleep every day? Do you know? → Do you know how many hours a teenager needs to sleep every day? 你知道一个青少年每天需要睡多少小时吗？ Why is eating too much salt bad for us? Can you tell me? → Can you tell me why eating too much salt is bad for us? 你能告诉我为什么吃太多盐对我们有害吗？ 考点一：引导词 1. —Could you tell us _______ we can start a conversation with a foreigner? —Talking about weather is a common way. （湖北中考） A. when B. why C. where D. how 2. He decided___ he would get stronger. He would do exercises and flap (拍 动) his wings every day. (广州中考） A. what B. why C. when D. that 3. In the bookshop, a girl asked the shopkeeper ________ the book was. A. that B. how much C. why D. how many 4. — I am worried ________ I can enter a good high school or not. — Work hard and trust in yourself. A. why B. what C. whether D. where 5. I hope _______ all of us can pass the exam. A. that B. how C. whether D. what 6. He began to think about ______ he should do the new work. A. who B. which C. how D. what 7. I don’t know ______ the coat is cheap enough. A. if B. where C. what D. which 8. Mrs. Green asked me ____ I would go with her. A. what B. which C. why D. where 9. I hear ____ the teacher will come back from the UK soon. A. which B. that C. where D. whether 10. They thought too much about ______. A. which I had said B. what I had said C. that I had said D. I had said 11. I wonder ________ you would like to come to my birthday party. A. that B. whether C. what D. where 12. I don’t know _________ he will be back to his hometown. A. how long B. how soon C. how many D. how often 13. —Do you know ________the girl in red is? 　　 —I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher. 　　 A. when B. how C. where D. what 　　 14. — I don’t know ______ Mr. Green will come to see us. — He will come next Monday. A. where B. why C. how D. when 2 宾语从句的时态 （1）宾语从句的时态原则上应与主句的时态保持一致。当主句是一般现在时态时，宾语从句可根据实际情况使用任何时态。（主现从任）如： I know that she will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 我知道她明天要去北京。 （2）当主句是一般过去时态时，宾语从句须用相应的过去时态(过去完成时、过去进行时、过去将来时等)。 （主过从过）如： She regretted that she hadn’t finished her homework on time. 她对没有按时完成作业感到懊悔。 （3）当从句讲述的是不受变化影响的事实或客观真理，那么无论主句用何种时态，从句都应用一般现在时态。如： The teacher said that light travels much faster than sound. 老师说光传播的速度比声音快得多。 考点二：时态 （主现从任，主过从过）：找出主句的动词，确认时态。 1. I know (that) he ___________ (join) the League in 1985. 2. Tell me where he ___________ (live). 3. I hear that he ____________(come) tomorrow. 4. I knew that he ___________(join) the League in 1999. 5. I wanted to know how you __________ (get) on with your classmates. 6. He told me that he______________(have) this bike for three years. 7. I wondered if he ______________(come) tomorrow. 8. Our teacher told us that light ________(go) faster than sound. 9. We all knew that the moon ________(move) round the sun. 10. It was true that there ________(be) twelve months in a year. joined lives will come joined got had had would come goes moves are 3 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，即：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分。如： She said that she had been to England before. 她说她以前去过英格兰。 You don’t realize what you are eating. 你没意识到你在吃什么。 当疑问词部分作从句的主语时，在变为宾语从句时，仍然用原句的语序。 What has happened to John? Do you know? → Do you know what has happened to John? 你知道约翰发生什么事了吗？ Who is late? The teacher asks. → The teacher asks who is late. 老师问谁迟到了。 考点三；语序 1. Could you tell me _________ last year? A. where does he live B. where he lived C. what he lived D. when did he live 2. Can you tell me __________? A. what’s the matter with you B. what was the matter with you C. what the matter is with you D. what the matter was with you 3. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 4. I am going to buy a birthday present for Benny. Do you know _________? A. when was he born B. when he was born C. when he is born D. when is he born 5. Lily’s mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find ______. A. what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily 6. —Can you tell me ________? —To get practical skills. A. what do you learn about safety B. when do you have the art festival C. how you balance your studies and hobbies D. why you learn cooking at school 7 — Do you know _______? I’m going to see him. — Sorry，I don’t know. A. where does Mr Li live B. where did Mr Li live C. where Mr Li lives D. where Mr Li lived 6. —Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —You can take No. 6 bus there. It’s about 15 minutes’ ride. A. how far is the Slender West Lake B. how far the Slender West Lake is C. how can I get to the Slender West Lake D. how I can get to the Slender West Lake 应用实践 03 29 1 Complete the passage using that, how, what and why. Many parents ask me(1)_______their children are picky eaters. In other words, they want to know(2)_____ they can get their children to eat all kinds of food. It's normal for children to dislike certain dishes. Some children can be very difficult, though, and many parents wonder(3)________they can do about it. Research shows(4)_______ this kind of behaviour starts early. I suggest(5)_____ you make sure your child gets to try many different kinds of food from an early age. It is better to introduce new food gradually. I don't think (6) _____it's a good idea to force children to eat a lot of unfamiliar food. However, there is one simple trick to make any kind of food taste better. Let me explain(7)_______you can do it. Simply make sure that your child doesn't eat a lot of snacks during the day—food always tastes so much better when you're hungry. I hope(8)________my advice will be useful! why what that how that that how that Li Hua: I've gained a lot of weight recently, and I need some advice. Could you (1) ________________________________? (explain/lose weight) Dr Su: Well, the most important thing is to have a balanced diet. You should eat more vegetables and less sugar. There are many kinds of healthy food you can cook, but you need to (2)________________________ ______________(find out/types of healthy dishes /like best) Li Hua: Could you (3)_________________________________ ? (tell me/healthy dishes/I/should try) Li Hua has several questions about how to live a healthy life. Doctor Su gives him some advice. Complete their conversation with object clauses using the words in brackets. explain how I can lose weight find out what types of healthy tell me what healthy dishes I should try dishes you like best Dr Su: If you like spicy food, you can try cooking mapo doufu. It contains a lot of protein, and it is a healthy dish if you don't use too much oil. Li Hua: Thank you so much for the advice! Dr Su: You're welcome!(4)I____________________________ . (hope these tips are useful) Li Hua: I (5)__________________________ ! (promise/do my best) hope (that)these tips will be useful promise (that)I will do my best 1 How many meals do you usually have each day? (Three big meals. /Several small meals. /…) 2 Which meal is the most important? (Breakfast. /Lunch. /Dinner. ) 3 Who do you usually have lunch with at the weekend? (Parents. /Friends. /…) 4 Where do you usually have dinner? (At home. /In the restaurant. /…) 5 When do you usually have dinner? (At 6 p. m. /At 8 p. m. /…) 6 How many glasses of water do you drink every day? (1–5 glasses. /6–8 glasses. /…) In pairs, ask and answer the questions. Follow the example. S1: Do you know how many meals I usually have each day? S2: I think (that) you usually have three big meals each day. 2 Which meal is the most important? (Breakfast. /Lunch. /Dinner. ) S1: Do you know which meal is the most important? S2: I think (that) breakfast is the most important (meal). 3 Who do you usually have lunch with at the weekend? (Parents. /Friends. /. . . ) S1: Do you know who I usually have lunch with at the weekend? S2: I think (that) you usually have lunch with your parents at the weekend. 4 Where do you usually have dinner? (At home. /In the restaurant. /. . . ) S1: Do you know where I usually have dinner? S2: I think (that) you usually have dinner at home. 5 When do you usually have dinner? (At 6 p. m. /At 8 p. m. /. . . ) S1: Do you know when I usually have dinner? S2: I think (that) you usually have dinner at 6 p. m. 6 How many glasses of water do you drink every day? (1-5 glasses. /6-8 glasses. /. . . ) S1: Do you know how many glasses of water I drink every day? S2: I think (that) you drink 3 glasses of water every day. 迁移创新 04 36 2. Interview your classmates about their opinions on diet and then report to the class (1) Which meal do you think is the most important? Why? (2)What is a balanced diet? (3)How do you keep a balanced diet? (4)How often do you eat snacks? (5)How can you eat healthy and nutritious meals? Su Wen/…thinks(that)…is the most important meal. He believes(that). . . He thinks a balanced diet means(that)… He explains how he keeps a balanced diet. First, … As for snacks, he says(that) … Su Wen thinks(that) breakfast is the most important meal. He believes(that) a good breakfast gives us lots of energy for the whole morning. He thinks a balanced diet means(that) we need different kinds of food every day. He explains how he keeps a balanced diet. First, he eats more fruit and vegetables. Second, he tries not to eat too much junk food. As for snacks, he says(that) he eats snacks twice a week. He also tells us what we should do to have healthy and nutritious meals. He says we should choose fresh food and cook in a healthy way. 考点速递 05 40 宾语从句常常出现在单项选择，语法选择，语法填空（宾语从句的引导词），完成句子中，在阅读中宾语从句是长难句常见结构。 考点 1：引导词 that 陈述句变宾语从句用 that，无词义，不作句子成分，口语、非正式句中常省略。 主句动词：think, say, show, hope, suggest, believe 等 I think (that) you are right. if /whether 是否 一般疑问句变宾语从句，翻译 “是否”，不作成分，不能省略。 注意：与 or not 连用时，只用 whether，不用 if。 I don’t know whether he will come or not. 特殊疑问词：what /who/whom /whose/which /when/where /why/how 来源于特殊疑问句，有实际含义，要在从句充当成分，绝对不能省略。 考点 2：语序 宾语从句一律用陈述语序：引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他 Where does he live? → Could you tell me where he lives 考点 3：时态呼应 主句为一般现在时：从句时态根据实际句意该用什么就用什么时态。 I know that he will come tomorrow. 主句为一般过去时：从句必须用对应的过去时态。 He asked me where I lived. 客观真理、客观事实：无论主句什么时态，从句永远用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 回顾总结 06 44 学习并归纳宾语从句用法。 课堂小练 07 46 一、单项选择 1. They wonder ______robots will make humans lose their jobs or not       A.  that         B.  if            C.  whether D. where 2. Do you know ____ I saw yesterday? It was my favorite star, Jackie!       A.  whom       B.  when         C.  where       D.  how 3. Teenagers with working experiences know more clearly________ they  will be in the future.         A.  who    B.  why    C.  where    D.  what 4. —Excuse me. Could you tell me_____ I can get to the Space Museum? 　　 Of course. You can take bus No. 1. 　　 A. where B. how C. if D. why 5. Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life. And that’s ____ he succeeds . 　　 A. what B. when C. why D. where 6. —Do you know ______the girl in red is? 　　 —I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher. 　　 A. when B. how C. where D. what 　　 7. John told his little daughter that the earth ________ from the west to the east. A. moved B. moving C. moves D. move 8. He asked me where I ________ at that time. A. worked B. have worked now C. will work D. work 9. My cousin said he ________ English with his pen pal twice a week. A. practices B. practiced C. practicing D. will practice 10. —I want to know ________. —You should check your answers carefully before handing in the paper. A. how can I avoid making mistakes B. how I can avoid making mistakes C. what should I do to get high marks D. what I should do to get high marks 6. Do you know ______? He looks quite calm and quiet today. I’m wondering _____ he has been in the mood to take on any possible challenge. A. what is the matter with him; that B. what’s wrong with him; whether C. what the matter is with him; whether D. what the matter is with him; that 7. — Do you know ________ tomorrow? — I’ve no idea. Let’s check the weather report online. A. when did it start to rain B. when it started to rain C. when will it start to rain D. when it will start to rain 8. The Chinese saying “A timely snow promises a fruitful year. ” shows ________. A. how beautiful snow is B. that good snow will bring a good result C. when will it snow D. how will farmers get a good result 9. —Hi, Lisa. I missed today’s weather report. —Oh, the radio host just said ________ tomorrow. It will be sunny. A. where would the weather be like B. where the weather would be like C. what would the weather be like D. what the weather would be like 10. —Do you know if he ________ the job offer? —Unless he ________ a higher salary, I am sure he won’t. A .will receive; accepts B. will accept; receives C. receives; will accept D. accepts; receives 三、完成句子。 1.Do you know ________________________. （他们在等谁） 2. Please tell me __________________ _________. (我们将什么时候开会) 3. Could you tell me _____________________________. (我该怎么去车站) 4.He said _________________________________. （他非常想念我们） 5.你能告诉我如何减肥？ Could you tell me _________ _______ _______ ______.? 6,迈克还没有决定在哪买新房。 Mike hasn’t decided _______ _______ ________ a new house yet. who they are waiting for. when we will have a meeting when we will have a meeting (that) he missed us very much. how to lose weight. where to buy 7. 今年暑假,你决定去哪里度假了吗？ Have you decided ______ ___ ______ your holiday this summer? 8. 你知道他们什么时候去上海吗？ Do you know _______ _____ _____ ____ to Shanghai? 9. 我为那男孩难过，但不知道怎么帮他。 I felt sorry for the boy, but I didn’t know _____ ___ ______ ____ him. 10. 我不清楚为什么他做了这么一个决定。 I don’t know _____ ____ ______ such a decision. 11. 我不知道怎样回答他的问题。 I don’t know _____ ____ ________ his question. where to spend when they will go how I could help why he made how to answer 12. 面临困境时，我们应该知道做什么。 We should know ______ ____ ____ when we are in trouble. 13. 打扰一下， 你能告诉我博物馆在哪吗？ Excuse me, can you tell me ________ ____ ___________ ___? 14. 他问我是否会放风筝。 He asked me ____ ___ _______ fly a kite. 15. 打扰了！您能告诉我可以在哪里买到这本书吗？ Excuse me. Could you tell me _______ ___ ____ ____ this book? what to do where the museum is if I could where I can buy Thank you！ 54 $