高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Revealing Nature（适中版02）

高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Revealing Nature（适中版02）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）Why do people plant trees in cities according to the woman? A．To clean the air. B．To provide a place for rest. C．To beautify the environment. 【答案】A 【原文】M: I didn’t expect to see so many trees in a city. W: Trees are planted in cities to take in harmful gases and give out oxygen. They are really important. M: Sure. Trees also make cities more beautiful, and people can have a rest under the shade. 2．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A video. B．Herbs. C．Diseases. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Watch this video about traditional Chinese medicine. I didn’t know herbs could help treat so many illnesses. W: That’s true. My grandma used to boil herbs for our minor health issues. M: Did it actually work? W: Definitely! It’s a tradition passed down for generations. 3．（本题1.5分）When will the tomatoes be harvested? A．In a month. B．In 2 weeks. C．In 3 weeks. 【答案】B 【原文】W: I haven’t seen you for a month, Ingram. Oh, your tomato plants grow so well. M: So they do. They were small just three weeks ago. W: I think you’ll have a good harvest in half a month. M: You’re right. 4．（本题1.5分）What does the man dislike about birds? A．Their noise. B．Their wings. C．Their colors. 【答案】A 【原文】W: I love listening to the birds singing in the morning. I often watch them flying from branch to branch. M: I like them too. They have lovely colorful wings, but I wish they would be quieter. They always wake me up too early. 5．（本题1.5分）What does the man think the plants need most? A．Wind. B．Water. C．Sunshine. 【答案】C 【原文】W: It looks as if these plants have not been watered for a long time. M: I came around with the watering pot just two days ago. Are you sure the leaves are getting enough light? W: Maybe that’s the answer. Can you help me move these plants closer to the window? （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)In which month does the man suggest the woman grow green beans? A．February. B．March. C．April. 7．(1.5分)What does the man remind the woman to do in the end? A．Loosen the soil carefully. B．Water the plants daily. C．Pick the mature beans. 【答案】6．B 7．C 【原文】W: Tom, I plan to grow some green beans. Is this the right time to do that now? M: Well, we’re in late February now. It’s still too early to do that. You can wait for about twenty days. If you grow green beans now, they may not survive a frost. W: OK. Are there any other suggestions? M: Well, they tend to stop producing in the middle of the summer, so you need to water them every day. W: Anything else? M: Yes. You need to pick the mature beans. The more beans you pick, the more the plant will produce. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)How does the man feel about the project? A．Bored. B．Excited. C．Inspired. 9．(1.5分)What will the speakers have to do for the project? A．Write a diary. B．Record a radio show. C．Do physical exercise. 10．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Workmates. B．Neighbors. C．Schoolmates. 【答案】8．B 9．A 10．C 【原文】M: Hey, Taylor. Are you ready for the gardening project this week? W: I am. I’ve never actually planted anything before. So this is totally new to me. What about you?    M: Same here. I’m a bit nervous but also excited.    W: I’ve heard we’ll be working in teams.    M: Yes, it’s not just about the physical work but also about communication.    W: That’s true and we’ll be keeping a diary of our progress. I think that’ll help us reflect on what we’ve done and what we can improve.    M: Good point. It’s like keeping a record of our learning journey.   W: Exactly. I can’t wait to see the garden changing over the school year. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At Tom’s home. B．In Lisa’s garden. C．On a farm. 12．(1.5分)What does Tom say about the tomatoes? A．They are healthy. B．They taste sweet. C．They are a good size. 13．(1.5分)What does Lisa think is the most important to tomato growth? A．Soil. B．Watering. C．Sunlight. 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．B 【原文】M: Hi, come in, Lisa. Wow, these tomatoes look amazing. Are they from your garden? W: Yeah, Tom. I’ve brought you some. You can put some in your salad tonight. M: Thank you very much. How could they get so big anyway? W: Actually I have a lot of gardening tips. Are you interested? M: Sure. W: Well, the first step is to make sure there is plenty of healthy soil. Also you need to plant them in a sunny area. M: That would be easy in my yard. W: Yes, besides, consistent watering is the most significant thing. Tomatoes need regular watering. But be careful not to overwater them. M: Got it. W: Also consider supporting them with sticks as they grow. It helps plants to grow upright. Are you thinking of growing your own tomatoes? I can guide you now. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What flower seeds does the woman want at first? A．Daisy seeds. B．Sunflower seeds. C．Tulip seeds. 15．(1.5分)What color does the woman like best? A．White. B．Yellow. C．Purple. 16．(1.5分)What is the man going to do next? A．Recommend other seeds. B．Introduce some tools. C．Do some gardening. 【答案】14．A 15．C 16．B 【原文】M: Hi, welcome to Fancy Garden. What can I do for you? W: Hi, I want to plant some flowers in my backyard, so I came here to get some seeds. I’d like some daisy seeds. M: I’m sorry. They are just sold out. How about sunflower seeds? They are popular these days. And the tulip seeds are also good. They have different colors like pink, yellow, white and so on. W: I’ll have some sunflower seeds. Besides, do you have purple tulip seeds? Purple is my favorite color. M: Let me see. Oh, you are so lucky. I still have some. W: Great. And can you recommend some good gardening tools? M: Of course. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．(1.5分)What do people mean by saying they never dream? A．They forget about their dreams. B．They don’t want to tell the truth. C．They have important dreams. 18．(1.5分)Why did Tom stop having dreams? A．He got a serious heart attack. B．He was too sad about his brother’s death. C．He was frightened by a terrible event. 19．(1.5分)What is the speaker’s opinion about dreaming? A．It is very useful. B．It makes things worse. C．It stops the mind from working. 20．(1.5分)What is the function of dreaming according to the speaker? A．To sleep better. B．To recover from illnesses. C．To stay away from their problems. 【答案】17．A 18．B 19．A 20．A 【原文】      M: Does everyone dream? Everyone does. When people say that they never dream, what they really mean is that they don’t remember their dreams or they don’t think their dreams are important. The reason behind is that they might have had nightmares or haven’t had a sound sleep. One of my patients named Tom said that he used to be a great dreamer, but suddenly he stopped having dreams. I asked him what happened. It turned out that his brother died by heart attack and later he dreamt about it once. He felt so sad. Generally, when there was some bad event and the dream about it was too terrible, people prefer not to dream about it. As long as you dream, even the dream is frightening. Your mind is working on it. My personal opinion about what dreams do is that they help us deal with our problems. We see certain events take place in dreams. When a person is having dreams, he or she can actually have a better sleep. Because dreaming is another form of brain functioning. Also, dreams can prevent people from some diseases and help with daily problems. So, have a good dream and enjoy it. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Come Join Our Watch: Become a Citizen Scientist Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) provide food and shelter for a rich variety of marine life. They also protect millions of people from coastal flooding and storms. However, there are not enough scientists to monitor their health, and this is where you can help. CoralWatch, a citizen science program, uses the Coral Health Chart to measure changes in coral colour associated with coral bleaching. The chart is easy to use and allows anyone to get involved without special training. Steps to Use the Coral Health Chart Choose a random coral and select the lightest area. Find the closest colour match and record the colour code (代码). Then select the darkest area of the same coral and record that colour code. Try to monitor at least 20 corals per survey. Tips for Monitoring Avoid measuring the growing tips of branching and plate corals since they are naturally white. Do not monitor blue or purple corals because they have a different bleaching response. Corals are fragile animals. Do not touch or step on them. Use a flashlight when diving below 5m/15 feet due to color loss at depth. Don’t just record bleached corals. Aim for a representative sample of all coral colors. Reef Colour Score Distribution All data is publicly available in the global database at www.coralwatch.org. The bar graph above shows the distribution of colour scores for 20 surveyed corals on a particular reef. A healthy reef has a majority of scores of 3 and more. Don’t wait for coral bleaching to occur — monitoring healthy reefs is just as important. To get started, request your free Coral Health Chart online. 21．(2.5分)What is the purpose of the CoralWatch program? A．To collect data for government use. B．To train professional marine scientists. C．To spread knowledge of coral reefs. D．To engage citizens in coral monitoring. 22．(2.5分)What is advised when monitoring coral reef health? A．Including purple corals in surveys. B．Recording corals of various colors. C．Measuring tips of branching corals. D．Avoiding using an underwater light. 23．(2.5分)Why can the particular reef be considered healthy, according to the bar graph? A．Because 30% of the surveyed corals on it scored 3. B．Because 45% of the surveyed corals on it scored 4. C．Because 75% of the surveyed corals on it scored 3 and more. D．Because 85% of the surveyed corals on it scored 3 and more. 【答案】21．D 22．B 23．D 【导语】文章主要介绍了名为CoralWatch的公民科学项目，号召普通民众以公民科学家的身份借助珊瑚健康图表监测珊瑚白化情况，详细说明了图表的使用步骤、监测注意事项，还借助柱状图展示珊瑚颜色评分数据并呼吁大众参与珊瑚监测工作。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据原文第一段“CoralWatch, a citizen science program, uses the Coral Health Chart to measure changes in coral colour associated with coral bleaching.(CoralWatch是一项公民科学项目，它借助珊瑚健康图表来测量由珊瑚白化引发的珊瑚颜色变化)”可知，该项目的目的是号召普通公民参与珊瑚监测工作。 22．细节理解题。根据原文Tips for Monitoring板块最后一条“Don’t just record bleached corals. Aim for a representative sample of all coral colors.(不要只记录已经白化的珊瑚。要采集能够代表所有珊瑚颜色的样本)”可知，监测过程需要记录不同颜色的珊瑚。 23．细节理解题。根据原文柱状图下方说明“A healthy reef has a majority of scores of 3 and more.(健康珊瑚礁的大部分珊瑚评分都达到3分及以上)”，再结合柱状图数据：分值2占15%、分值3占30%、分值4占45%、分值5占10%，30%+45%+10%=85%，由此可知这片珊瑚礁85%被调查珊瑚拿到了3分及以上的分数，因此它属于健康珊瑚礁。 （本题10分）When famous stem cell (干细胞) biologist Helen Blau reads her recently published picture book, Stem cells to the Rescue, to her grandchildren, even the 5-year-olds sit still. “I’ve read it to them many times,” says Blau. The grandmother of four describes how her grandkids, between the ages of 5 and 9, especially love to point to the curly-haired frog looking through a microscope on page 30. “They knew right away it was me,” she says, laughing. Filled with dancing stem cell blobs (小团) and active frogs — who like to color, eat ice cream, and swim, just like her grandchildren — Blau’s rhyming book is a joint effort with illustrator Margery Fain, 69. It was inspired by their own grandchildren and by a desire to educate all children (and hopefully their parents and grandparents too) about stem cells — those building blocks that play an important role in tissue maintenance and repair. “It’s not very easy for the general public to understand what stem cells are all about,” says Blau, “We thought the book was a possible means to address this as the book can teach while bringing joy to kids.” The book was published last year by Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory Press. The first half of Blau’s book shows how stem cells come to the rescue when kid frogs hurt their knees. Then, in the second half, as the frogs age and turn into grandparents with glasses, facing age-related problems, scientist frogs like Blau become the rescuers who develop stem cell technologies to treat these conditions. Researchers are making progress on how to “make new stem cells,” the book says, to repair grandma’s eyes or to regenerate cartilage (软骨) in grandpa’s aching knees — both among Blau’s research projects. For Blau, who has written hundreds of scientific publications, this was her first attempt into children’s literature. It was fun and she might write another. She says, “Wouldn’t it be great if we could motivate kids to become scientists?” 24．(2.5分)What do Blau’s grandchildren think of the book? A．Confusing. B．Appealing. C．Valuable. D．Professional. 25．(2.5分)What is a feature of Stem cells to the Rescue according to the text? A．It uses personified characters. B．It focuses on frog activities. C．It presents rhyming songs. D．It stresses a healthy lifestyle. 26．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “this” mean in paragraph 4? A．The public’s limited understanding of stem cells. B．The lack of children’s books about stem cells. C．The difficulty of making science interesting. D．The need of carrying out joyful education. 27．(2.5分)What does Blau expect of the book in the future? A．It can have a place in children’s literature. B．It can show her progress in stem cells study. C．It can help apply the stem cell research. D．It can inspire children’s scientist dream. 【答案】24．B 25．A 26．A 27．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述著名干细胞生物学家海伦・布劳与插画师合作创作了儿童绘本《干细胞来救援》，该书以押韵形式和生动形象的内容向儿童及大众科普干细胞知识，这也是布劳首次涉足儿童文学领域，她希望借此激发孩子们的科学梦想。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据第二段中““I’ve read it to them many times,” says Blau. The grandmother of four describes how her grandkids, between the ages of 5 and 9, especially love to point to the curly-haired frog looking through a microscope on page 30.(布劳说：“我已经给他们读了很多遍了。” 这位有四个孙辈的奶奶描述了她5到9岁的孙辈们如何特别喜欢指着第30页上那个透过显微镜看的卷发青蛙)”可知，布劳的孙辈们很喜欢这本书，觉得它很有吸引力。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Filled with dancing stem cell blobs (小团) and active frogs — who like to color, eat ice cream, and swim, just like her grandchildren — Blau’s rhyming book is a joint effort with illustrator Margery Fain, 69.(布劳的这本押韵书是与69岁的插画师玛格丽・费恩合作完成的，书中满是跳舞的干细胞小团和活泼的青蛙 —— 它们像她的孙辈们一样喜欢涂色、吃冰淇淋和游泳)”可知，这本书的特点是运用了拟人化的角色。故选A。 26．词句猜测题。根据第四段中““It’s not very easy for the general public to understand what stem cells are all about,” says Blau, “We thought the book was a possible means to address this as the book can teach while bringing joy to kids.”(布劳说：“普通大众要理解干细胞到底是什么并不容易，我们认为这本书可能是解决这个问题的一种方法，因为这本书在给孩子们带来快乐的同时也能给他们带来教育。”)”可知，this指代的是公众对干细胞了解有限这一情况。故选A。 27．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“She says, “Wouldn’t it be great if we could motivate kids to become scientists?”(她说：“如果我们能激励孩子们成为科学家，那不是很棒吗？”)”可知，布劳希望这本书未来能激发孩子们的科学梦想。故选D。 （本题10分）Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸). When scientists recorded a humpback whale contact call, known as a “whup”, and played it underwater around their research boat, it was eye-opening for them to find a whale named Twain became a more than willing participant in the call-and-response exchange. Scientists produced a whup call. Twain would then respond with her own whup call to them. This was described as “conversation” in a PeerJ paper. “It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call when other creatures come together or just to signal that they are in a certain location,” says Josephine Hubbard, an animal behaviorist with Whale SETI. In this case, it was as if Twain was either saying “hello” to scientists or “I’m over here.” But in both instances, she was responding to and engaging with whale signals that humans produced. She circled around the scientists’ boat and produced more signals before leaving. “What’s cool about her is that she could have left at any point, as it wasn’t an environment where she couldn’t leave, so she was choosing to be close to us,” said Hubbard. Humpback whales also produced “bubble (气泡) rings” close to boats suggesting that they were being playful and doing it in a relaxed manner. All the findings showed humpback whales enjoyed friendly encounters with humans. Of course, whether whales want to communicate with humans varies by the nature of the whale and by the situation. Just like some humans are more outgoing than others, this could also be true for whales, although this would need more research to understand. 28．(2.5分)What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To explain a new concept. B．To lead into the topic. C．To prove the researchers’ opinions. D．To show the popularity of humpback whales. 29．(2.5分)What may Hubbard agree with? A．Whales’ calls mean that danger is coming. B．Twain was forced to stay and respond to humans. C．The “whup” call is a greeting or location signal. D．It is impossible to understand whales’ real feelings. 30．(2.5分)Why did humpback whales produce “bubble rings” to boats? A．To show playfulness and relaxation. B．To show their sense of hunger. C．To warn humans to leave the sea area. D．To hunt fish near the research boats. 31．(2.5分)What is the passage mainly about? A．Ways to protect humpback whales in nature. B．Different kinds of calls made by large whales. C．The living habits of humpback whales in the ocean. D．Research on human-humpback whale communication. 【答案】28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 【导语】本文主要讲的是科研团队实验发现，座头鲸可以回应人类播放的鲸类叫声，愿意和人类进行友好互动，但鲸鱼交流意愿存在个体差异，仍需更多研究。 【详解】28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸).(每一种鲸鱼都拥有独特的交流系统，同一物种的不同种群之间，这套系统往往还存在差异。由于人类一直在研究、观察这类交流方式，一个问题随之产生：人类是否有一天能和鲸鱼开展声音互动？为寻找答案，鲸类搜寻地外文明（Whale-SETI）团队的研究人员，一直在探索座头鲸与人类之间的交流。)”可知，第一段的主要作用是引出本文探讨的核心话题——人类与座头鲸的交流研究。 29．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中Hubbard的原话“It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call when other creatures come together or just to signal that they are in a certain location(这种叫声大致可以理解成‘你好’，或是某种碰面时的问候声，也可能只是用来示意自己所在的位置)”可知，她认为这种“whup”叫声大致可以翻译为“你好”或某种问候，或者是用来表明它们所在位置的信号。 30．推理判断题。根据文章第四段首句“Humpback whales also produced “bubble (气泡) rings” close to boats suggesting that they were being playful and doing it in a relaxed manner.(座头鲸还会在船只附近制造“气泡环”，这表明它们心情放松，在嬉戏玩耍。)”可知，座头鲸在船附近吐气泡环表明它们很调皮（playful），并且处于一种放松的状态（relaxed manner）。这与A选项（为了表现出调皮和放松）一致。 31．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸).(由于人类一直在研究、观察这类交流方式，一个问题随之产生：人类是否有一天能和鲸鱼开展声音互动？为寻找答案，鲸类搜寻地外文明（Whale-SETI）团队的研究人员，一直在探索座头鲸与人类之间的交流。)”可知，本文主要讲的是关于人类与座头鲸之间交流的研究。 （本题10分）Small, colorless, and blind cavefishes inhabit underground waters throughout the eastern United States. In a new study, Yale researchers reveal insights into just how these distinctive cave residents evolved — and provide a unique method for dating the underground ecosystems where they reside. In an analysis of the genomes (基因组) of all known blind species, the researchers found that the different species colonized (定居) cave systems independently of each other and separately evolved similar features — such as the loss of eyes and color — as they adapted to their dark cave environments. Their findings are published in the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution. By studying the specific genetic mutations (突变) that caused the fishes’ eyes to degenerate over time, the researchers developed a sort of “mutational clock” that allowed them to estimate when each species began losing their vision. They found that the vision-related genes of the oldest cavefish species, the Ozark cavefish, began degenerating up to 11 million years ago. This technique provides a minimum age for the caves, as the cavefish must have been living in underground waters when their eyesight started to devolve. To understand when the cavefish began populating caves, the researchers studied the fishes’ genomes, examining 88 vision-related genes for mutations. The analysis revealed that the various cavefish ancestries had completely different sets of genetic mutations involved in the loss of vision. This, they said, suggests that separate species colonized caves and adapted to those underground ecosystems independently of each other. “A number of the mutations we see in the cavefish genomes that lead to degeneration of the eyes are similar to mutations that cause eye diseases in humans,” said Thomas Near, senior author of the study. “There is the possibility for translational medicine through which by studying this natural system in cavefishes, we can collect insights into the genomic mechanisms of eye diseases in humans.” 32．(2.5分)What did Yale researchers discover about blind cavefishes? A．They evolved independently. B．They had identical mutations. C．They shared common ancestors. D．They developed at the same pace. 33．(2.5分)What is the function of the mutational clock? A．Estimating cavefish ages. B．Confirming the formation of caves. C．Identifying the time of vision loss. D．Improving the underground ecosystems. 34．(2.5分)What evidence shows cavefish species colonized caves separately? A．Diverse genome numbers. B．Similar mutation patterns. C．Different vision-loss mutations. D．Uniform genomic mechanisms. 35．(2.5分)What can be the best title for the text? A．Mutational Clock B．Cavefish Evolution C．Vision-Related Genomes D．Independent Colonization 【答案】32．A 33．C 34．C 35．B 【导语】本文主要介绍耶鲁大学研究人员通过洞穴鱼基因组研究，揭示洞穴鱼独立演化的过程，并研发突变时钟测算其视力退化时间，同时该研究对人类眼病研究有医学价值。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In an analysis of the genomes (基因组) of all known blind species, the researchers found that the different species colonized (定居) cave systems independently of each other and separately evolved similar features — such as the loss of eyes and color — as they adapted to their dark cave environments.(研究人员在对所有已知盲物种的基因组进行分析后发现，这些不同的物种各自独立地定居于洞穴系统，并在适应黑暗洞穴环境的过程中，分别进化出了相似的特征——例如眼睛和体色的退化)”可知，耶鲁大学研究人员发现这些盲穴鱼是独立进化的。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“By studying the specific genetic mutations (突变) that caused the fishes’ eyes to degenerate over time, the researchers developed a sort of “mutational clock” that allowed them to estimate when each species began losing their vision.(通过研究导致鱼类眼睛随时间退化的特定基因突变，研究人员开发了一种‘突变时钟’，使他们能够估算出每个物种何时开始失去视力)”可知，“突变时钟”的功能是确定视力丧失的时间。 34．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The analysis revealed that the various cavefish ancestries had completely different sets of genetic mutations involved in the loss of vision. This, they said, suggests that separate species colonized caves and adapted to those underground ecosystems independently of each other.(分析显示，各种穴鱼的祖先拥有完全不同的、与视力丧失相关的基因突变组合。这表明不同的物种是彼此独立地定居于洞穴并适应地下生态系统的。)”可知，不同穴鱼拥有不同的视力丧失突变证据，证明了它们是分别定居洞穴的。 35．主旨大意题。文章开篇点明研究主题是关于盲穴鱼的进化，随后详细阐述了它们独立定居、平行进化、利用突变时钟推算时间以及对人类医学的潜在意义。B选项“Cavefish Evolution(穴鱼进化)”最能全面概括全文核心内容。 （本题12.5分）Stargazing offers a breathtaking connection to the universe, yet many people miss out on this experience due to a few easily overlooked factors. Anyone can enjoy an unforgettable journey through the universe. 36(2.5分) Avoid light pollution. Light pollution results from the overused or poorly directed artificial light produced by cities, streetlights, buildings, and vehicles. It creates a glowing mist that hides faint stars and other objects in the sky. No stargazer wants such an obstacle to spoil the view. 37(2.5分) If you’re observing from home, consider using professional instruments that direct light downward.Consider the moon. The moon, our closest neighbor in space, goes through a monthly cycle of phases that greatly affect stargazing conditions. The best time to observe the stars is during the new moon, when the moon is positioned between the Earth and the sun and remains invisible, leaving the sky at its darkest. 38(2.5分) Height matters. To get a clear view of the sky, it’s important to choose a location free from surrounding buildings. 39(2.5分) If traveling to the countryside isn’t an option, try to get to a higher spot. The rooftop of a tall building, for instance, can help you rise above nearby structures and improve your view. Look for accessible buildings in your area that might offer this advantage. 40(2.5分) Timing plays a key role in what you’ll see in the night sky. Winter generally offers the clearest skies because cold air holds less moisture-just remember to dress warmly. Summer skies bring a different set of star groups and often present a stunning view of the Milky Way. Beginners may find dusk, just after sunset, a good time to start, while serious stargazers with better equipment often prefer the late-night hours. A．Pick the right time. B．Take account of the season. C．Rural areas are ideal for this. D．All you need is a little preparation and knowledge. E．Using a telescope can greatly enhance your viewing experience. F．It’s best to avoid nights with a full moon for better star visibility. G．If possible, visit a dark park that is specially meant for stargazing. 【答案】36．D 37．G 38．F 39．C 40．A 【导语】文章主要讲述了如何通过一些准备和知识来享受难忘的观星体验。 【详解】36．由上文“Stargazing offers a breathtaking connection to the universe, yet many people miss out on this experience due to a few easily overlooked factors. Anyone can enjoy an unforgettable journey through the universe.(观星提供了与宇宙的惊人联系，然而许多人由于一些容易被忽视的因素而错过了这种体验。任何人都可以享受一段难忘的宇宙之旅。)”可知，上文提到观星能带来与宇宙的惊人联系，但很多人因一些因素错过，接着表明任何人都能享受难忘的宇宙之旅，本空应说明享受观星之旅所需的条件。D选项“你所需要的只是一点准备和知识。”能承接上文，符合语境。 37．由上文“Avoid light pollution.(避免光污染。)”及下文“If you’re observing from home, consider using professional instruments that direct light downward.(如果你在家观察，考虑使用将光线向下引导的专业仪器。)”可知，上文提出要避免光污染，下文说在家观察时使用专业仪器减少光污染，本空应说明为避免光污染可采取的具体行动。G选项“如果可能的话，参观一个专门为观星而设的黑暗公园。”能承上启下，符合语境。 38．由上文“The best time to observe the stars is during the new moon, when the moon is positioned between the Earth and the sun and remains invisible, leaving the sky at its darkest.(观察星星的最佳时间是在新月期间，此时月亮位于地球和太阳之间，不可见，天空最暗。)”可知，上文提到新月期间是观星最佳时间，因为此时天空最暗，本空应说明与月亮对观星影响相关的内容。F选项“为了更好地看到星星，最好避开满月的夜晚。”能承上启下，符合语境。 39．由上文“Height matters.(高度很重要。)”及下文“If traveling to the countryside isn’t an option, try to get to a higher spot.(如果去乡下旅行不是一个选择，试着找一个更高的地方。)”可知，上文强调高度对观星的重要性，下文说如果不能去乡下就找更高处，本空应说明与观星理想地点相关的内容。C选项“农村地区是理想的观星地点。”能承上启下，符合语境。 40．由下文“Timing plays a key role in what you’ll see in the night sky. Winter generally offers the clearest skies because cold air holds less moisture-just remember to dress warmly. Summer skies bring a different set of star groups and often present a stunning view of the Milky Way. Beginners may find dusk, just after sunset, a good time to start, while serious stargazers with better equipment often prefer the late-night hours.(时间在你在夜空中看到的东西中起着关键作用。冬天的天空通常最清澈，因为冷空气含有的水分较少——只要记得穿暖和点。夏日的天空会带来不同的星群，常常呈现出银河系的壮丽景色。初学者可能会发现日落后不久的黄昏是一个很好的开始时间，而拥有更好设备的严肃观星者通常更喜欢深夜。)”可知，下文主要围绕观星的时间展开，说明不同时间观星的不同情况，本空应说明与选择合适观星时间相关的内容。A选项“选择合适的时间。”能概括下文内容，符合语境。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）The moment the steel door of the submarine 41 shut, Dr. Elena Vance felt her heart race with a mixture of excitement and fear. After years of 42 she was finally going down to explore the Mariana Trench — the deepest point on Earth, a place where sunlight had never 43 . The heavy weight of the ocean above them grew with each passing minute. “Pressure increasing,” her co-pilot Marco announced, his voice strangely 44 despite the danger surrounding them. At 2,000 meters, the ocean around them turned from blue to 45 black. The only light came from the submarine’s powerful spotlights, 46 the endless darkness like knives. Schools of strange fish darted away, their silver bodies flashing briefly before disappearing. Suddenly, Marco 47 . On the sonar (声呐), a massive shadow was approaching — something far larger than any creature in their 48 records. Elena’s hands 49 on the controls. The shadow circled them twice, then 50 into the unknown depths below leaving no trace. “That was no ordinary shark,” Marco whispered, his face pale. They continued their 51 , but the atmosphere in the small cabin had changed. At 6,000 meters under the lights, something extraordinary 52 before their eyes: the remains of what appeared to be an ancient structure, covered in 53 coral that glowed with a green or red light. Elena 54 to take photos, but the moment she took out her camera, the submarine shook violently. A powerful current had 55 them, dragging the submarine deeper into the darkness. “We’re losing control!” Marco shouted. In that terrifying moment, Elena realized that some mysteries of the deep were never meant to be disturbed. 41．(1分)A．abruptly B．powerfully C．tightly D．gradually 42．(1分)A．ambition B．commitment C．preparation D．devotion 43．(1分)A．reached B．reflected C．spread D．extended 44．(1分)A．calm B．quiet C．excited D．nervous 45．(1分)A．permanent B．sudden C．familiar D．absolute 46．(1分)A．going across B．tearing down C．passing through D．cutting through 47．(1分)A．hesitated B．froze C．complained D．sighed 48．(1分)A．previous B．specific C．temporary D．published 49．(1分)A．lay B．knocked C．tightened D．rested 50．(1分)A．sank B．jumped C．escaped D．disappeared 51．(1分)A．exploration B．voyage C．operation D．journey 52．(1分)A．faded B．evolved C．unfolded D．proceeded 53．(1分)A．ancient B．living C．delicate D．existing 54．(1分)A．pretended B．managed C．refused D．attempted 55．(1分)A．pushed B．followed C．answered D．seized 【答案】 41．C 42．C 43．A 44．A 45．D 46．D 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．D 51．A 52．C 53．B 54．D 55．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了Elena博士潜入马里亚纳海沟探险时遭遇未知生物与神秘遗迹的惊险历程。 【详解】41．考查副词。句意：潜艇的钢制舱门刚一紧紧关上，Elena Vance博士就感到自己的心脏因兴奋与恐惧交织而狂跳起来。A. abruptly突然地；B. powerfully有力地；C. tightly紧紧地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据上文“The moment the steel door of the submarine”可知，潜艇下潜前舱门必须“紧紧”关闭以确保密封安全。 42．考查名词。句意：经过多年的准备，她终于下潜去探索地球最深点——马里亚纳海沟，一个阳光从未抵达的地方。A. ambition野心；B. commitment承诺；C. preparation准备；D. devotion奉献。根据上文“After years of”和下文“she was finally going down to explore the Mariana Trench”可知，此次深海探险经过了长期筹备。 43．考查动词。句意：经过多年的准备，她终于下潜去探索地球最深点——马里亚纳海沟，一个阳光从未抵达的地方。A. reached抵达；B. reflected反射；C. spread传播；D. extended延伸。根据上文“explore the Mariana Trench — the deepest point on Earth, a place where sunlight had never”及科学常识可知，阳光无法穿透至马里亚纳海沟的深度。 44．考查形容词。句意：“压力正在增加，”她的副驾驶Marco报告道，尽管周围危机四伏，他的声音却异常平静。A. calm平静的；B. quiet安静的；C. excited兴奋的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“despite the danger surrounding them”可知，despite表示转折，危险环绕，但他情绪平稳。 45．考查形容词。句意：在2000米深处，周围的海洋从蓝色变成了绝对的漆黑。A. permanent永久的；B. sudden突然的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. absolute完全的。根据上文“a place where sunlight had never”和下文“The only light came from the submarine’s powerful spotlights”可知，阳光无法穿透至马里亚纳海沟，唯一的光线来自潜艇强大的聚光灯，深海是一片彻底的黑暗。 46．考查动词短语。句意：唯一的光线来自潜艇强大的聚光灯，像刀子一样劈开无尽的黑暗。A. going across穿过；B. tearing down拆除；C. passing through通过；D. cutting through切开，冲破。根据下文“the endless darkness like knives”可知，此处形容光束劈开黑暗的场景。 47．考查动词。句意：突然，Marco僵住了。A. hesitated犹豫；B. froze僵住；C. complained抱怨；D. sighed叹息。根据下文“On the sonar (声呐), a massive shadow was approaching — something far larger than any creature in their ______ records”声呐显示有巨大阴影逼近可知，他在震惊下瞬间僵住。 48．考查形容词。句意：声呐上出现了一个巨大的阴影——比他们以往任何记录中的生物都要大得多。A. previous以前的，以往的；B. specific具体的；C. temporary暂时的；D. published已发布的。根据“far larger than any creature in their... records”可知，是指过往的记录中没有记载过如此大的生物。 49．考查动词。句意：Elena的双手紧紧攥住了操纵杆。A. lay放置；B. knocked敲击；C. tightened抓紧，使变紧；D. rested休息。根据下文“on the controls”可知，面对突发危险，人在紧张时会本能地“握紧”控制器。 50．考查动词。句意：那阴影绕着他们盘旋了两圈，随后消失在下方未知的深处，没有留下任何痕迹。A. sank下沉；B. jumped跳跃；C. escaped逃离；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“into the unknown depths below leaving no trace”可知，神秘生物最后“消失”在深渊中。 51．考查名词。句意：他们继续他们的探索，但狭小舱内的气氛已然改变。A. exploration探索；B. voyage航行；C. operation操作；D. journey旅程。根据上文“explore the Mariana Trench”可知，他们是来进行科学“探索”的。 52．考查动词。句意：在6000米深的灯光下，非同寻常的景象在他们眼前铺展开来：一处疑似古老建筑的遗迹残骸，上面覆盖着发着绿光或红光的活体珊瑚。A. faded褪色；B. evolved进化；C. unfolded展现，展开；D. proceeded继续进行。根据下文“the remains of what appeared to be an ancient structure, covered in ______ coral that glowed with a green or red light”可知，原本隐藏在黑暗中的景象逐渐“展现”在眼前。 53．考查形容词。句意：在6000米深的灯光下，非同寻常的景象在他们眼前铺展开来：一处疑似古老建筑的遗迹残骸，上面覆盖着发着绿光或红光的活体珊瑚。A. ancient古老的；B. living活的；C. delicate精致的；D. existing现有的。根据下文“coral that glowed with a green or red light”可知，这些珊瑚是具有生命特征的“活体”珊瑚。 54．考查动词。句意：Elena试图拍照，但她刚拿出相机，潜艇便剧烈震动起来。A. pretended假装；B. managed设法做成；C. refused拒绝；D. attempted尝试。根据下文“to take photos, but the moment she took out her camera, the submarine shook violently”可知，她只是“试图”拍照，还没来得及拍就发生了意外。 55．考查动词。句意：一股强大的暗流卷住了他们，将潜艇拖向更深处的黑暗。A. pushed推；B. followed跟随；C. answered回答；D. seized抓住，俘获。根据下文“dragging the submarine deeper”可知，暗流将潜艇拖向更深处的黑暗，说明暗流抓住或裹挟住了潜艇。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）语法填空 Videos of floodwaters flowing across the Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and submerging (淹没) desert highways trended on Chinese social media platforms on Tuesday 56(1.5分) sparked heated discussions online. Circulating videos show floodwaters surging across a vast desert area, 57(1.5分) vehicles struggling to wade through the water. 58(1.5分) (locate) in deep inland areas, Xinjiang has a typical temperate continental climate with frequent drought and low levels of precipitation (降水). Data shows that the annual average precipitation in the Taklimakan Desert is 59(1.5分) (little) than 100 millimeters, while the annual average evaporation (蒸发) level is 60(1.5分) high as around 3,000 millimeters, according to ts.cn. The flood was a mixed-type flood caused by the combination effect of glacier and snow meltwater. The 61(1.5分) (continuous) rising temperatures caused mountain glaciers and snow 62(1.5分) (melt). Some rivers reached or exceeded warning levels and formed floods. In 63(1.5分) (add), the western part of southern Xinjiang has experienced frequent rainfall since August 19, with heavy rains 64(1.5分) (occur) in parts of the mountainous areas. This isn’t the first time the Taklimakan Desert 65(1.5分) (experience) flooding. In July 2021, floods affected an area of over 300 square kilometers in the desert. 【答案】 56．and 57．with 58．Located 59．less 60．as 61．continuously 62．to melt 63．addition 64．occurring 65．has experienced 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国西北新疆维吾尔自治区塔克拉玛干沙漠发生洪水并淹没沙漠公路的视频在社交媒体上引发了热烈讨论，并介绍了此次洪水形成的原因。 【详解】56．考查连词。句意：周二，中国西北新疆维吾尔自治区塔克拉玛干沙漠洪水泛滥、淹没沙漠公路的视频在中国社交媒体平台上流行起来，并引发了网上的热烈讨论。“trended...”和“sparked...”是并列谓语，用并列连词and连接。故填and。 57．考查介词。句意：流传的视频显示，洪水涌过广阔的沙漠地区，车辆艰难地在水中跋涉。根据句意和“vehicles struggling to wade through the water”可推知，此处用“with+名词+现在分词”构成独立主格结构，也是with复合结构，作伴随状语。故填with。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：新疆地处内陆深处，属典型的温带大陆性气候，干旱频繁，降水量低。“(locate) in deep inland areas”作地点状语，locate(位于)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Xinjiang之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Located。 59．考查形容词比较级。句意：数据显示，塔克拉玛干沙漠年平均降水量不足100毫米，而年平均蒸发量高达3000毫米左右。根据介词“than”可知，应用比较级，结合句意，表示“更少”，用形容词little的比较级less。故填less。 60．考查固定短语。句意：数据显示，塔克拉玛干沙漠年平均降水量不足100毫米，而年平均蒸发量高达3000毫米左右。as high as是固定短语，意为“高达”。故填as。 61．考查副词。句意：持续升高的气温导致山地冰川和积雪融化。提示词修饰非谓语动词rising，用副词continuously作状语，意为“持续地”。故填continuously。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：持续升高的气温导致山地冰川和积雪融化。cause sb./sth. to do...是固定搭配，意为“导致某人/某物做……”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to melt。 63．考查名词。句意：此外，自8月19日以来，新疆南部西部地区频繁降雨，部分山区出现暴雨。in addition是固定短语，意为“此外”。故填addition。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，自8月19日以来，新疆南部西部地区频繁降雨，部分山区出现暴雨。occur(出现)是with复合结构中作宾语补足语，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语heavy rains之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填occurring。 65．考查固定句型。句意：这并不是塔克拉玛干沙漠第一次遭遇洪水。It/This+is/was+the first/second/...+that+sb. has/had done sth.为固定句型，表示“这是某人第几次做某事”，该句型主句中be动词是is时，从句中谓语动词用has/have done，be动词是was时，从句中谓语动词用had done；本句中是“This isn’t the first time...”，所以从句中应使用has/have experienced，主语the Taklimakan Desert是专有名词，助动词用has。故填has experienced。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华。你即将结束在英国的交换学习，马上回国，你打算把你的绿植赠送给你的舍友Jack。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.写信原因； 2.介绍你的绿植和养护方法； 3.表达感谢并邀请他来中国游玩。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jack, As my exchange programme in the UK is coming to an end and I’m about to return to China, I want to share something special with you. I’m leaving behind my beloved green plant, which has been a companion during my stay here. It’s a snake plant, known for its hardiness and ability to thrive in indirect light. Water it once a week, and it will continue to bring a touch of nature to our shared living space. Thank you for making my stay so memorable with your warmth and friendship. Welcome to China, and I’d like to show you around. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给在英国的舍友Jack写封邮件，告知他你马上要结束交换学习回国，打算把你的绿植赠送给他，介绍绿植和养护方法，表达感谢，并邀请他来中国游玩。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 项目：programme→project 结束：come to an end→draw to an end 因……而闻名：be known for→be famous for 继续：continue→go on 2. 句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：It’s a snake plant, known for its hardiness and ability to thrive in indirect light. 拓展句：It’s a snake plant, which is known for its hardiness and ability to thrive in indirect light. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As my exchange programme in the UK is coming to an end and I’m about to return to China, I want to share something special with you.（运用了以从属连词as引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】I’m leaving behind my beloved green plant, which has been a companion during my stay here.（运用了以关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句） 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I stood still and stared at the hawk. “You let me down,” I whispered. The hawk just stared back with those golden eyes, unblinking and proud. I had named him Zephyr, thinking he would be my partner. I was wrong. It had been three months since Uncle Theo left him in my care. “Train him well, Finn,” he said, “and he’ll be yours.” Those words lit a fire in me. I was 17, a city boy sent to spend the summer at Uncle’s house deep in the mountains. I read every book on bird training and spent hours sitting by his wooden stand, letting him get used to me. Day by day, I thought we were building trust. He would hop onto my hand to take meat. He would allow my fingers to gently touch his chest feathers. I was foolish enough to believe he cared about me. Then came the first free-flight training. I removed his leg straps and lifted my arm, waiting for him to return after flying. Instead, Zephyr shot upward like an arrow and disappeared over the treetops. No pause, no looking back. For three days, I searched the forest, calling his name until my voice grew weak. My heart broke. Uncle Theo told me it was natural — a hawk’s loyalty must be won, not given freely. I felt deeply hurt. On the fourth day, a storm rolled in. Thunder shook the windows, and rain beat upon the roof. I sat in the dark living room, staring at Zephyr’s empty stand, lost in sadness. Suddenly, a strange sound came from the front steps. I paid no attention at first. Then it came again — hurried and full of fear. I opened the door, and there he was. Zephyr lay in a heap on the wet wooden floor, his left wing hanging at an unnatural angle, feathers wet and marked with blood. One eye was half-closed, swollen. But the other eye — that same golden eye — met mine. He didn’t look like someone who had left me. He looked like a creature asking for help. 注意：1．续写的词数应为150左右。 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My anger melted in an instant. Carefully, I knelt down and wrapped him in a towel. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weeks passed, and the day finally came when Zephyr’s wing had fully healed. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 My anger melted in an instant. Carefully, I knelt down and wrapped him in a towel. His body trembled against my palms, so small and broken that my throat tightened. “It’s okay, Zephyr,” I said softly, my voice shaking. I brought him inside and laid him near the fireplace. With Uncle Theo’s help over the phone, I cleaned his wound and gently set his wing. For the next few days, I hardly slept. I hand-fed him tiny pieces of meat and stayed beside him through every stormy night. Slowly, his eyes lost their fear. One evening, as I stroked his head, he closed his eyes — not in pain, but in trust. I finally understood: love is not about owning. It is about being there when you are needed. Weeks passed, and the day finally came when Zephyr’s wing had fully healed. I carried him to the open field behind the house, my heart heavy and light at the same time. Lifting my arm, I gave him the signal to fly. He spread his wings and rose into the sky, circling above me once, twice. Then, to my surprise, he turned back and landed gently on my shoulder, his claws gripping my shirt as if to say goodbye. I laughed through my tears and whispered, “Go on. Be free.” With one last look, he soared into the distance, disappearing into the golden sunset. That summer, I learned what real connection means: it is not holding on tightly, but having the courage to let go. 【导语】本文讲述了少年芬恩饲养名为泽弗的鹰，首次放飞时它径直飞走，芬恩满心失落。几天后暴雨来袭，受伤的泽弗独自归来求助。芬恩悉心照料，二者建立起信任。鹰痊愈后，芬恩坦然放它飞向远方，也领悟到真情不是占有，而是懂得放手。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写芬恩悉心照料，二者建立起信任。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写鹰痊愈后，芬恩坦然放它飞向远方，也领悟到真情不是占有，而是懂得放手。 2.续写线索：悉心照料——建立信任——痊愈——放飞——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①回来：turn back/return ②消失：disappear/vanish 情绪类 ①恐惧：fear/horror ②令某人吃惊的是：to one’s surprise/to one’s amazement 【点睛】【高分句型1】His body trembled against my palms, so small and broken that my throat tightened.(运用了so...that引导的结果状语从句) 【高分句型2】One evening, as I stroked his head, he closed his eyes — not in pain, but in trust.(运用了as引导时间状语从句) 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Revealing Nature（适中版02）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）Why do people plant trees in cities according to the woman? A．To clean the air. B．To provide a place for rest. C．To beautify the environment. 2．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A video. B．Herbs. C．Diseases. 3．（本题1.5分）When will the tomatoes be harvested? A．In a month. B．In 2 weeks. C．In 3 weeks. 4．（本题1.5分）What does the man dislike about birds? A．Their noise. B．Their wings. C．Their colors. 5．（本题1.5分）What does the man think the plants need most? A．Wind. B．Water. C．Sunshine. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)In which month does the man suggest the woman grow green beans? A．February. B．March. C．April. 7．(1.5分)What does the man remind the woman to do in the end? A．Loosen the soil carefully. B．Water the plants daily. C．Pick the mature beans. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)How does the man feel about the project? A．Bored. B．Excited. C．Inspired. 9．(1.5分)What will the speakers have to do for the project? A．Write a diary. B．Record a radio show. C．Do physical exercise. 10．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Workmates. B．Neighbors. C．Schoolmates. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At Tom’s home. B．In Lisa’s garden. C．On a farm. 12．(1.5分)What does Tom say about the tomatoes? A．They are healthy. B．They taste sweet. C．They are a good size. 13．(1.5分)What does Lisa think is the most important to tomato growth? A．Soil. B．Watering. C．Sunlight. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What flower seeds does the woman want at first? A．Daisy seeds. B．Sunflower seeds. C．Tulip seeds. 15．(1.5分)What color does the woman like best? A．White. B．Yellow. C．Purple. 16．(1.5分)What is the man going to do next? A．Recommend other seeds. B．Introduce some tools. C．Do some gardening. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．(1.5分)What do people mean by saying they never dream? A．They forget about their dreams. B．They don’t want to tell the truth. C．They have important dreams. 18．(1.5分)Why did Tom stop having dreams? A．He got a serious heart attack. B．He was too sad about his brother’s death. C．He was frightened by a terrible event. 19．(1.5分)What is the speaker’s opinion about dreaming? A．It is very useful. B．It makes things worse. C．It stops the mind from working. 20．(1.5分)What is the function of dreaming according to the speaker? A．To sleep better. B．To recover from illnesses. C．To stay away from their problems. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Come Join Our Watch: Become a Citizen Scientist Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) provide food and shelter for a rich variety of marine life. They also protect millions of people from coastal flooding and storms. However, there are not enough scientists to monitor their health, and this is where you can help. CoralWatch, a citizen science program, uses the Coral Health Chart to measure changes in coral colour associated with coral bleaching. The chart is easy to use and allows anyone to get involved without special training. Steps to Use the Coral Health Chart Choose a random coral and select the lightest area. Find the closest colour match and record the colour code (代码). Then select the darkest area of the same coral and record that colour code. Try to monitor at least 20 corals per survey. Tips for Monitoring Avoid measuring the growing tips of branching and plate corals since they are naturally white. Do not monitor blue or purple corals because they have a different bleaching response. Corals are fragile animals. Do not touch or step on them. Use a flashlight when diving below 5m/15 feet due to color loss at depth. Don’t just record bleached corals. Aim for a representative sample of all coral colors. Reef Colour Score Distribution All data is publicly available in the global database at www.coralwatch.org. The bar graph above shows the distribution of colour scores for 20 surveyed corals on a particular reef. A healthy reef has a majority of scores of 3 and more. Don’t wait for coral bleaching to occur — monitoring healthy reefs is just as important. To get started, request your free Coral Health Chart online. 21．(2.5分)What is the purpose of the CoralWatch program? A．To collect data for government use. B．To train professional marine scientists. C．To spread knowledge of coral reefs. D．To engage citizens in coral monitoring. 22．(2.5分)What is advised when monitoring coral reef health? A．Including purple corals in surveys. B．Recording corals of various colors. C．Measuring tips of branching corals. D．Avoiding using an underwater light. 23．(2.5分)Why can the particular reef be considered healthy, according to the bar graph? A．Because 30% of the surveyed corals on it scored 3. B．Because 45% of the surveyed corals on it scored 4. C．Because 75% of the surveyed corals on it scored 3 and more. D．Because 85% of the surveyed corals on it scored 3 and more. （本题10分）When famous stem cell (干细胞) biologist Helen Blau reads her recently published picture book, Stem cells to the Rescue, to her grandchildren, even the 5-year-olds sit still. “I’ve read it to them many times,” says Blau. The grandmother of four describes how her grandkids, between the ages of 5 and 9, especially love to point to the curly-haired frog looking through a microscope on page 30. “They knew right away it was me,” she says, laughing. Filled with dancing stem cell blobs (小团) and active frogs — who like to color, eat ice cream, and swim, just like her grandchildren — Blau’s rhyming book is a joint effort with illustrator Margery Fain, 69. It was inspired by their own grandchildren and by a desire to educate all children (and hopefully their parents and grandparents too) about stem cells — those building blocks that play an important role in tissue maintenance and repair. “It’s not very easy for the general public to understand what stem cells are all about,” says Blau, “We thought the book was a possible means to address this as the book can teach while bringing joy to kids.” The book was published last year by Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory Press. The first half of Blau’s book shows how stem cells come to the rescue when kid frogs hurt their knees. Then, in the second half, as the frogs age and turn into grandparents with glasses, facing age-related problems, scientist frogs like Blau become the rescuers who develop stem cell technologies to treat these conditions. Researchers are making progress on how to “make new stem cells,” the book says, to repair grandma’s eyes or to regenerate cartilage (软骨) in grandpa’s aching knees — both among Blau’s research projects. For Blau, who has written hundreds of scientific publications, this was her first attempt into children’s literature. It was fun and she might write another. She says, “Wouldn’t it be great if we could motivate kids to become scientists?” 24．(2.5分)What do Blau’s grandchildren think of the book? A．Confusing. B．Appealing. C．Valuable. D．Professional. 25．(2.5分)What is a feature of Stem cells to the Rescue according to the text? A．It uses personified characters. B．It focuses on frog activities. C．It presents rhyming songs. D．It stresses a healthy lifestyle. 26．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “this” mean in paragraph 4? A．The public’s limited understanding of stem cells. B．The lack of children’s books about stem cells. C．The difficulty of making science interesting. D．The need of carrying out joyful education. 27．(2.5分)What does Blau expect of the book in the future? A．It can have a place in children’s literature. B．It can show her progress in stem cells study. C．It can help apply the stem cell research. D．It can inspire children’s scientist dream. （本题10分）Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸). When scientists recorded a humpback whale contact call, known as a “whup”, and played it underwater around their research boat, it was eye-opening for them to find a whale named Twain became a more than willing participant in the call-and-response exchange. Scientists produced a whup call. Twain would then respond with her own whup call to them. This was described as “conversation” in a PeerJ paper. “It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call when other creatures come together or just to signal that they are in a certain location,” says Josephine Hubbard, an animal behaviorist with Whale SETI. In this case, it was as if Twain was either saying “hello” to scientists or “I’m over here.” But in both instances, she was responding to and engaging with whale signals that humans produced. She circled around the scientists’ boat and produced more signals before leaving. “What’s cool about her is that she could have left at any point, as it wasn’t an environment where she couldn’t leave, so she was choosing to be close to us,” said Hubbard. Humpback whales also produced “bubble (气泡) rings” close to boats suggesting that they were being playful and doing it in a relaxed manner. All the findings showed humpback whales enjoyed friendly encounters with humans. Of course, whether whales want to communicate with humans varies by the nature of the whale and by the situation. Just like some humans are more outgoing than others, this could also be true for whales, although this would need more research to understand. 28．(2.5分)What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To explain a new concept. B．To lead into the topic. C．To prove the researchers’ opinions. D．To show the popularity of humpback whales. 29．(2.5分)What may Hubbard agree with? A．Whales’ calls mean that danger is coming. B．Twain was forced to stay and respond to humans. C．The “whup” call is a greeting or location signal. D．It is impossible to understand whales’ real feelings. 30．(2.5分)Why did humpback whales produce “bubble rings” to boats? A．To show playfulness and relaxation. B．To show their sense of hunger. C．To warn humans to leave the sea area. D．To hunt fish near the research boats. 31．(2.5分)What is the passage mainly about? A．Ways to protect humpback whales in nature. B．Different kinds of calls made by large whales. C．The living habits of humpback whales in the ocean. D．Research on human-humpback whale communication. （本题10分）Small, colorless, and blind cavefishes inhabit underground waters throughout the eastern United States. In a new study, Yale researchers reveal insights into just how these distinctive cave residents evolved — and provide a unique method for dating the underground ecosystems where they reside. In an analysis of the genomes (基因组) of all known blind species, the researchers found that the different species colonized (定居) cave systems independently of each other and separately evolved similar features — such as the loss of eyes and color — as they adapted to their dark cave environments. Their findings are published in the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution. By studying the specific genetic mutations (突变) that caused the fishes’ eyes to degenerate over time, the researchers developed a sort of “mutational clock” that allowed them to estimate when each species began losing their vision. They found that the vision-related genes of the oldest cavefish species, the Ozark cavefish, began degenerating up to 11 million years ago. This technique provides a minimum age for the caves, as the cavefish must have been living in underground waters when their eyesight started to devolve. To understand when the cavefish began populating caves, the researchers studied the fishes’ genomes, examining 88 vision-related genes for mutations. The analysis revealed that the various cavefish ancestries had completely different sets of genetic mutations involved in the loss of vision. This, they said, suggests that separate species colonized caves and adapted to those underground ecosystems independently of each other. “A number of the mutations we see in the cavefish genomes that lead to degeneration of the eyes are similar to mutations that cause eye diseases in humans,” said Thomas Near, senior author of the study. “There is the possibility for translational medicine through which by studying this natural system in cavefishes, we can collect insights into the genomic mechanisms of eye diseases in humans.” 32．(2.5分)What did Yale researchers discover about blind cavefishes? A．They evolved independently. B．They had identical mutations. C．They shared common ancestors. D．They developed at the same pace. 33．(2.5分)What is the function of the mutational clock? A．Estimating cavefish ages. B．Confirming the formation of caves. C．Identifying the time of vision loss. D．Improving the underground ecosystems. 34．(2.5分)What evidence shows cavefish species colonized caves separately? A．Diverse genome numbers. B．Similar mutation patterns. C．Different vision-loss mutations. D．Uniform genomic mechanisms. 35．(2.5分)What can be the best title for the text? A．Mutational Clock B．Cavefish Evolution C．Vision-Related Genomes D．Independent Colonization （本题12.5分）Stargazing offers a breathtaking connection to the universe, yet many people miss out on this experience due to a few easily overlooked factors. Anyone can enjoy an unforgettable journey through the universe. 36(2.5分) Avoid light pollution. Light pollution results from the overused or poorly directed artificial light produced by cities, streetlights, buildings, and vehicles. It creates a glowing mist that hides faint stars and other objects in the sky. No stargazer wants such an obstacle to spoil the view. 37(2.5分) If you’re observing from home, consider using professional instruments that direct light downward.Consider the moon. The moon, our closest neighbor in space, goes through a monthly cycle of phases that greatly affect stargazing conditions. The best time to observe the stars is during the new moon, when the moon is positioned between the Earth and the sun and remains invisible, leaving the sky at its darkest. 38(2.5分) Height matters. To get a clear view of the sky, it’s important to choose a location free from surrounding buildings. 39(2.5分) If traveling to the countryside isn’t an option, try to get to a higher spot. The rooftop of a tall building, for instance, can help you rise above nearby structures and improve your view. Look for accessible buildings in your area that might offer this advantage. 40(2.5分) Timing plays a key role in what you’ll see in the night sky. Winter generally offers the clearest skies because cold air holds less moisture-just remember to dress warmly. Summer skies bring a different set of star groups and often present a stunning view of the Milky Way. Beginners may find dusk, just after sunset, a good time to start, while serious stargazers with better equipment often prefer the late-night hours. A．Pick the right time. B．Take account of the season. C．Rural areas are ideal for this. D．All you need is a little preparation and knowledge. E．Using a telescope can greatly enhance your viewing experience. F．It’s best to avoid nights with a full moon for better star visibility. G．If possible, visit a dark park that is specially meant for stargazing. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）The moment the steel door of the submarine 41 shut, Dr. Elena Vance felt her heart race with a mixture of excitement and fear. After years of 42 she was finally going down to explore the Mariana Trench — the deepest point on Earth, a place where sunlight had never 43 . The heavy weight of the ocean above them grew with each passing minute. “Pressure increasing,” her co-pilot Marco announced, his voice strangely 44 despite the danger surrounding them. At 2,000 meters, the ocean around them turned from blue to 45 black. The only light came from the submarine’s powerful spotlights, 46 the endless darkness like knives. Schools of strange fish darted away, their silver bodies flashing briefly before disappearing. Suddenly, Marco 47 . On the sonar (声呐), a massive shadow was approaching — something far larger than any creature in their 48 records. Elena’s hands 49 on the controls. The shadow circled them twice, then 50 into the unknown depths below leaving no trace. “That was no ordinary shark,” Marco whispered, his face pale. They continued their 51 , but the atmosphere in the small cabin had changed. At 6,000 meters under the lights, something extraordinary 52 before their eyes: the remains of what appeared to be an ancient structure, covered in 53 coral that glowed with a green or red light. Elena 54 to take photos, but the moment she took out her camera, the submarine shook violently. A powerful current had 55 them, dragging the submarine deeper into the darkness. “We’re losing control!” Marco shouted. In that terrifying moment, Elena realized that some mysteries of the deep were never meant to be disturbed. 41．(1分)A．abruptly B．powerfully C．tightly D．gradually 42．(1分)A．ambition B．commitment C．preparation D．devotion 43．(1分)A．reached B．reflected C．spread D．extended 44．(1分)A．calm B．quiet C．excited D．nervous 45．(1分)A．permanent B．sudden C．familiar D．absolute 46．(1分)A．going across B．tearing down C．passing through D．cutting through 47．(1分)A．hesitated B．froze C．complained D．sighed 48．(1分)A．previous B．specific C．temporary D．published 49．(1分)A．lay B．knocked C．tightened D．rested 50．(1分)A．sank B．jumped C．escaped D．disappeared 51．(1分)A．exploration B．voyage C．operation D．journey 52．(1分)A．faded B．evolved C．unfolded D．proceeded 53．(1分)A．ancient B．living C．delicate D．existing 54．(1分)A．pretended B．managed C．refused D．attempted 55．(1分)A．pushed B．followed C．answered D．seized 四、语法填空 （本题15分）语法填空 Videos of floodwaters flowing across the Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and submerging (淹没) desert highways trended on Chinese social media platforms on Tuesday 56(1.5分) sparked heated discussions online. Circulating videos show floodwaters surging across a vast desert area, 57(1.5分) vehicles struggling to wade through the water. 58(1.5分) (locate) in deep inland areas, Xinjiang has a typical temperate continental climate with frequent drought and low levels of precipitation (降水). Data shows that the annual average precipitation in the Taklimakan Desert is 59(1.5分) (little) than 100 millimeters, while the annual average evaporation (蒸发) level is 60(1.5分) high as around 3,000 millimeters, according to ts.cn. The flood was a mixed-type flood caused by the combination effect of glacier and snow meltwater. The 61(1.5分) (continuous) rising temperatures caused mountain glaciers and snow 62(1.5分) (melt). Some rivers reached or exceeded warning levels and formed floods. In 63(1.5分) (add), the western part of southern Xinjiang has experienced frequent rainfall since August 19, with heavy rains 64(1.5分) (occur) in parts of the mountainous areas. This isn’t the first time the Taklimakan Desert 65(1.5分) (experience) flooding. In July 2021, floods affected an area of over 300 square kilometers in the desert. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华。你即将结束在英国的交换学习，马上回国，你打算把你的绿植赠送给你的舍友Jack。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.写信原因； 2.介绍你的绿植和养护方法； 3.表达感谢并邀请他来中国游玩。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I stood still and stared at the hawk. “You let me down,” I whispered. The hawk just stared back with those golden eyes, unblinking and proud. I had named him Zephyr, thinking he would be my partner. I was wrong. It had been three months since Uncle Theo left him in my care. “Train him well, Finn,” he said, “and he’ll be yours.” Those words lit a fire in me. I was 17, a city boy sent to spend the summer at Uncle’s house deep in the mountains. I read every book on bird training and spent hours sitting by his wooden stand, letting him get used to me. Day by day, I thought we were building trust. He would hop onto my hand to take meat. He would allow my fingers to gently touch his chest feathers. I was foolish enough to believe he cared about me. Then came the first free-flight training. I removed his leg straps and lifted my arm, waiting for him to return after flying. Instead, Zephyr shot upward like an arrow and disappeared over the treetops. No pause, no looking back. For three days, I searched the forest, calling his name until my voice grew weak. My heart broke. Uncle Theo told me it was natural — a hawk’s loyalty must be won, not given freely. I felt deeply hurt. On the fourth day, a storm rolled in. Thunder shook the windows, and rain beat upon the roof. I sat in the dark living room, staring at Zephyr’s empty stand, lost in sadness. Suddenly, a strange sound came from the front steps. I paid no attention at first. Then it came again — hurried and full of fear. I opened the door, and there he was. Zephyr lay in a heap on the wet wooden floor, his left wing hanging at an unnatural angle, feathers wet and marked with blood. One eye was half-closed, swollen. But the other eye — that same golden eye — met mine. He didn’t look like someone who had left me. He looked like a creature asking for help. 注意：1．续写的词数应为150左右。 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My anger melted in an instant. Carefully, I knelt down and wrapped him in a towel. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weeks passed, and the day finally came when Zephyr’s wing had fully healed. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $