高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Revealing Nature（较易版02）

高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Revealing Nature（较易版02）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）Why did the man buy the lemon tree? A．To produce fruit. B．To purify the air. C．To decorate his room. 2．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Some indoor plants. B．The woman’s health. C．Selena’s gardening skills. 3．（本题1.5分）What does the man dislike about birds? A．Their noise. B．Their wings. C．Their colors. 4．（本题1.5分）When will the tomatoes be harvested? A．In a month. B．In 2 weeks. C．In 3 weeks. 5．（本题1.5分）Why do people plant trees in cities according to the woman? A．To clean the air. B．To provide a place for rest. C．To beautify the environment. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What does Henry think of growing peas? A．They have a very low yield. B．It’s very easy to grow them. C．They are unpopular with gardeners. 7．(1.5分)What stops the woman from growing peas now? A．The hot climate. B．The limited space. C．The lack of containers. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)Where does the conversation take place? A．On top of a mountain. B．In a parking lot. C．At a ticket booth. 9．(1.5分)How far is the lake from the top? A．About 20 minutes’ walk. B．About 40 minutes’ walk. C．About 3 hours’ walk. 10．(1.5分)What color will the lake be when the speakers arrive? A．Orange. B．Blue. C．Green. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)Why does the man come to see the woman? A．To get some ideas for a gift. B．To give a party invitation. C．To ask about house decoration. 12．(1.5分)What does the lucky bamboo with eight sticks represent? A．Double happiness. B．Growth. C．Blessings. 13．(1.5分)Which of the following plants does the woman have in her bedroom? A．The lucky bamboo. B．Spider plants. C．The Chinese money plant. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What do we know about the man? A．He values fresh food. B．He lives in an apartment. C．He finds gardening relaxing. 15．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest planting? A．Carrots and potatoes. B．Corn and onions. C．Potatoes and tomatoes. 16．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Neighbors. B．Classmates. C．Husband and wife. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．(1.5分)Who is the speaker? A．A host. B．A guide. C．A scientist. 18．(1.5分)What is special about the newly developed cocoa fruit? A．The entire fruit can be used. B．It makes chocolate taste better. C．Its beans can be gathered in easily. 19．(1.5分)How much is the global chocolate industry worth now? A．Around $7.5 million. B．Around $22.3 billion. C．Around $130 billion. 20．(1.5分)Where did the speaker travel to learn more about the cocoa fruit? A．Switzerland. B．Ghana. C．China. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Creating a Habitat for Bees Why not observe some insects in a habitat you built yourself? Build a bee hotel using a glass jar to provide a safe nesting place for solitary bees. This project helps kids learn about bee habitats, the importance of pollinators (传花粉者), and biodiversity.Materials Needed Clean glass jar (mason jar or similar), paper, scissors, string or wire, and tape (optional).Steps 1. Prepare your paper tubes: Cut and roll your paper into tubes to a length slightly shorter than the height of the glass jar. Ensure the ends are smooth and open. The bees will go into these tubes, so the tubes should be about half an inch in width. 2. Fill the jar: Pack paper tubes tightly into the jar, making sure they fit tightly and do not fall out. The tubes should be arranged so that the open ends face outward. 3. Hang the bee hotel: Attach string or wire around the neck of the jar, forming a loop (圈) for hanging. Choose a location that is sheltered from heavy rain and direct wind but receives plenty of sunlight, such as under the eaves of a building or on a tree branch. 4. Monitor and maintain: Check the bee hotel regularly to ensure it remains undamaged and clean. Replace any damaged or blocked tube as needed.Science Concepts Bee habitats: Learn about the natural nesting preferences of solitary bees and how creating suitable habitats can support their populations. Pollination: Understand the crucial role bees play in pollination and maintaining biodiversity in ecosystems. Conservation: Explore the importance of conserving pollinator species and promoting biodiversity through small-scale interventions like building bee hotels. Ecology: Gain insights into the interactions between living organisms and their environment, emphasizing the interconnectedness of ecosystems. 21．(2.5分)Who is this project intended for? A．Young learners. B．Urban planners. C．Experienced farmers. D．Professional ecologists. 22．(2.5分)What can we infer about the paper tubes used in building a bee hotel? A．They must be completely closed at one end. B．They need to be replaced on a weekly basis. C．Their width is less important than their length. D．Their openings should stay uncovered and accessible. 23．(2.5分)What is a key ecological insight children can gain from the project? A．The value of teamwork among insects. B．The harm caused by chemical pollution. C．The link between species and surroundings. D．The method of picking artificial nests for bees. （本题10分）For nearly 900 days in 1941 — 44, Nazi forces blockaded (封锁) Leningrad, modern-day St Petersburg in Russia, trying to starve the city into submission. When food ran out, people ate cotton husks, leather belts and even their pets. Nearly a third of the population — some 750,000 civilians — died. Yet in the center of the city, in a former palace, the All Union Institute of Plant Breeding, the world’s first seed bank, housed 250,000 plants from five continents. This collection, if planted, could have fed “every citizen within Leningrad, and the Soviet Union (苏联) and elsewhere besides”. Botanists faced a dilemma: safeguard the seed bank for the future or use it to save themselves and others from starvation? The seed bank’s staff chose not to eat the collection. As botanists, they grasped the potential of the seeds to engineer high-yielding and disease-resistant crops to feed future generations. Their sacrifice was not without consequences: 19 staff starved to death. Whereas today huge gene banks, such as the Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway, store copies of the world’s crops in case of disasters, such initiatives used to seem unusual. The plant library was the brainchild of Nikolai Vavilov, a noted botanist. His international fame drew the attention of Soviet authorities, who arrested him in 1940 and accused him of treason (叛国罪). Vavilov died in the prison in 1943. The Soviets did not value Vavilov’s work, but the Nazis did. They thought his collection could be used to create German supercrops. In a twist, Heinz Brücher, a botanist and senior SS officer (党卫军高级官员), launched a secret mission to seize Vavilov’s seeds. The Nazis stole from remote seed-breeding stations and established a rival seed bank in an Austrian castle. After the war Brücher fled, and the seeds he had stolen were lost. But efforts to protect Vavilov’s collection were not in vain: over the past 70 years seeds saved during the blockade have been used to create varieties of wheat that are superior in quality and yield. The sacrifice of the Russian botanists has stocked the world’s breadbasket. 24．(2.5分)Why did the Nazis target Leningrad? A．To arrest botanists there. B．To force it to give in. C．To develop German supercrops. D．To steal the seeds from it. 25．(2.5分)What led to the botanists’ choice? A．The risk to their precious seeds. B．Their devotion to a scientific cause. C．The necessity of feeding all Russians. D．Their consideration for citizens then. 26．(2.5分)Who came up with the first seed bank? A．The Soviets. B．The Nazis. C．Heinz Brücher. D．Nikolai Vavilov. 27．(2.5分)What happened to the seeds after the war? A．They were lost to stealing. B．They were stored secretly. C．They produced better varieties. D．They ended the shortage of crops. （本题10分）Astronomers from Spain recently detected a sugar molecule (分子) within the dusty, gaseous clouds at the center of our galaxy. This discovery not only offers clues to the origin of sugars on Earth but also aids scientists in exploring how life formed. According to a paper published on the Nature Astronomy, the researchers detected erythrulose (赤藓酮糖) in the medium of our galaxy, which was also found on Earth in raspberries. This marks the first detection of a “true sugar” in space. In 2000, astronomers had detected glycolaldehyde, the simplest sugar molecule, in the galactic center, but that substance contains only two carbon atoms (原子) and does not qualify as a sugar. Brett McGuire, an astrochemist at MIT, notes that a true sugar must have at least three carbon atoms. Sugars are among the fundamental building blocks of life. Scientists infer that sugars existed on Earth long ago. Yet, despite copying the necessary chemical conditions, numerous experiments to synthesize sugars have failed. Meanwhile, clues have hinted that sugars may exist beyond Earth. Last December, Japanese researchers announced the identification of multiple essential sugars — including ribose and glucose — in samples extracted from an asteroid (小行星). This has turned scientists’ attention to the cosmos in search of sugars. After repeated cross-verification, they identified erythrulose in a nebula at the galactic center. The researchers estimate that between 500,000 and 500,000,000 tons of erythrulose were delivered to Earth during the critical early stages of our planet’s formation. Although erythrulose cannot directly form RNA or DNA, it can be converted through reactions into another sugar, which can then give rise to these two nucleic acids. This new finding suggests that sugars may have existed even before stars and planets formed. Study co-author Izaskun Jiménez-Serra stated that if one of life’s essential building blocks can be generated in the interstellar medium, then the likelihood of life existing beyond Earth increases accordingly. 28．(2.5分)What do we know about erythrulose? A．It has a sweet taste like raspberries. B．It only appears in the galactic center. C．It may consist of four carbon atoms. D．It’s the first sugar molecule in space. 29．(2.5分)What can be inferred from the passage? A．Sugars can’t be synthesized on Earth. B．All sugars on Earth were delivered by asteroids. C．RNA and DNA are composed of erythrulose. D．Sugars may have a history longer than Earth. 30．(2.5分)What is Izaskun Jiménez-Serra’s attitude towards the new discovery? A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Unconcerned. 31．(2.5分)Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Erythrulose: Small Surprise in the Galaxy B．Asteroids: The Main Source of Earth’s Sugars C．Sweet Discovery: Probability of Alien Life Boosts D．Astronauts: Contributing to the Progress of Space Science （本题10分）A seal (海豹) wearing a helmet with an antenna might look unusual, but eight Weddell seals, each with a 580g monitoring device (监测装置) on their heads, have been helping Japanese researchers survey the waters under the thick ice sheet in the Antarctic. Tapped for a research project between March and November 2017, these seals were equipped with the head-mounted conductivity, temperature and depth sensor, which allows scientists to collect observation information, such as water temperatures and salt levels, in areas with extremely terrible environmental conditions. Project leader Nobuo Kokubun said such research helps scientists discover the animals’ behavioural patterns. “During the summer, we can go to the Antarctic by icebreakers to conduct actual research activities, so that we can collect information there. But during the winter, such things cannot be done in so many places,” Kokubun said during an interview. “However, even in such a situation, many animals such as seals are living in the area of Antarctica, so I thought maybe they were useful,” Kokubun added. The information successfully gathered from seven seals showed one of them had traveled as far as 633km from the coast of Japan’s Showa Station in the Antarctic, while another had arrived a depth of 700m. Kokubun said the scientists also learned from the information that warm sea water from the upper layer (上层) in the open sea reached Antarctica from March through winter that year. The water flowed below the ice, bringing in sea creatures like Antarctic krill, a major food source for seals. In order to know further impact of global warming on Antarctic coastal areas, Kokubun next hopes to make the device small enough to fit other animals at the South Pole such as penguins. “The advantage of penguins is that they come back to the same place and we can collect information from them immediately. Also, we can use the devices on a large number of penguins so they can cover a wide area,” he said. 32．(2.5分)What’s the function of the device on seals’ heads? A．To help seals survive. B．To help scientists collect information. C．To prove the effects of global warming. D．To ensure seals see clearly under the water. 33．(2.5分)What do Kokubun’s words in Paragraph 3 mainly show? A．Doing research in Antarctica is difficult. B．Animals in Antarctica are worth studying. C．Animals in Antarctica are not afraid of cold. D．Some animals in Antarctica are great helpers. 34．(2.5分)How did the researchers probably feel after getting information? A．Worried. B．Confused. C．Encouraged. D．Disappointed. 35．(2.5分)Which of the following shows Kokubun’s opinion? A．The device should be improved. B．Seals don’t live on sea creatures. C．The research has been carried out on a large scale. D．Penguins should take the place of seals completely. （本题12.5分）Once a tree seed takes root, it develops a stem that pushes out of the ground and eventually takes the familiar shape of a tree. 36(2.5分) There are tens of thousands of different tree species, and species grow at different rates. For example, white oaks take decades to reach their full height of 100 feet or more. But they can live for up to 600 years. 37(2.5分) They reach full height (20 to 30 feet) in about 10 years but only live for 20. Coast redwoods are fast-growing, super tall, and long-lived. In early life, many climb more than 3 feet a year. Fully grown, they can soar more than 300 feet (about the same height as the Statue of Liberty). 38(2.5分) However, they can live for over 1,000 years. Trees mature differently because each species is adapted to its specific habitat. A tree grows in particular kinds of soil and among certain animals and other plants. Throughout the seasons, it lives with temperatures and amounts of water and sun that don’t vary much from year to year. A tree may grow fast or slow-or tall or not-so-tall. 39(2.5分) Severe weather can also affect tree growth by delivering the wrong amounts of sun, water, heat, or cold. If trees get what they need, they usually reach full height before they’re halfway through life. 40(2.5分) Each year, their trunks, roots, and branches get wider. So basically, a tree is always growing and changing. That’s tree-rific! A．After that, they still grow in other ways. B．Gray birches grow as fast as 2 feet a year. C．Their leaf colors vary in different conditions. D．Those ways of growing help it survive in its habitat. E．It is interesting to know how long it takes for trees to grow. F．These giants complete much of their upward growth in their first 100 years. G．How long it takes to grow to its full height depends on many things — especially tree species! 三、完形填空 （本题15分）We see different natural phenomena around us every day, but few of us really understand why they 41 . From rainbows in the sky to seasons changing, most natural phenomena are based on basic scientific 42 . Learning about them not only helps us know the world better but also makes our life more 43 . A rainbow is one of the most beautiful natural phenomena. It appears when sunlight passes through small water 44 in the air, usually after rain. The light splits into different 45 , making a colorful arc in the sky. Many people think rainbows can only be seen after rain, but in fact, they can also appear near waterfalls or on sunny days with heavy mist. Seasonal changes are another common phenomenon. The four seasons happen because the earth 46 around the sun. When part of the earth is closer to the sun, it is summer; when it is 47 away, it is winter. This change also 48 the growth of plants and the activities of animals, forming a balanced natural cycle. Many people are afraid of thunder and lightning, but they are also normal natural phenomena. Lightning is caused by the movement of electric charges in clouds, and thunder is the 49 made by lightning heating the air. We should stay away from open places and tall trees during thunderstorms to keep 50 . Some other small phenomena, like water turning into ice in winter or leaves falling in autumn, are also 51 by scientific rules. We often take them for granted, but if we 52 carefully, we can find science everywhere in our life. Understanding natural phenomena teaches us to be curious and 53 the world. It helps us tell the difference between science and superstition, and makes us think more 54 . We should keep observing and learning to 55 the secrets of nature and science. 41．(1分)A．disappear B．happen C．die D．end 42．(1分)A．rules B．stories C．dreams D．mistakes 43．(1分)A．meaningless B．interesting C．boring D．tiring 44．(1分)A．stones B．drops C．trees D．hills 45．(1分)A．parts B．sizes C．shapes D．colors 46．(1分)A．turns B．runs C．travels D．moves 47．(1分)A．farther B．closer C．higher D．lower 48．(1分)A．stops B．influences C．harms D．destroys 49．(1分)A．light B．sound C．smell D．taste 50．(1分)A．safe B．dangerous C．warm D．cold 51．(1分)A．controlled B．broken C．stopped D．made 52．(1分)A．ignore B．observe C．forget D．hate 53．(1分)A．fear B．respect C．damage D．change 54．(1分)A．blindly B．wisely C．angrily D．sadly 55．(1分)A．discover B．hide C．cover D．lose 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a mountain community, a small seed library 56(1.5分) (create) inside the public reading room two years ago. It works much like 57(1.5分) ordinary library: residents take home packets of seeds and, after growing the plants, return some seeds for others 58(1.5分) (share). The collection contains local bean, corn, and flower 59(1.5分) (variety). One important rule is 60(1.5分) every returned packet must carry a clear label. Volunteers check the seeds 61(1.5分) (careful) and write down when they were saved. They also learn directly 62(1.5分) experienced gardeners each spring and discover which plants grow well in different soils. Since the project began, many students 63(1.5分) (understand) that food systems depend on knowledge as well as land. The library has also made community ties 64(1.5分) (strong) than before, because older gardeners and young families now exchange advice. Its success comes not from the number of packets on the shelves, but from the shared sense of 65(1.5分) (responsible) behind them. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华。你即将结束在英国的交换学习，马上回国，你打算把你的绿植赠送给你的舍友Jack。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.写信原因； 2.介绍你的绿植和养护方法； 3.表达感谢并邀请他来中国游玩。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex and Gaby had been good friends since childhood. They loved adventures and often helped wild animals in trouble together. On a sunny Saturday morning, they decided to explore a small forest near their town — a place no one in their neighborhood had ever fully explored. They packed some water, snacks, matches, candles, a simple map and first-aid supplies, laughing and talking as they walked into the thick trees. The air in the forest was filled with the smell of trees and wet soil, and crickets (蟋蟀)made soft sounds around them, making the forest feel inviting. But they never expected what would happen next. At first, everything was wonderful. They saw colorful birds, picked wild fruits and took photos of interesting rocks and the lovely wild animals. But as the afternoon went on, the sky turned dark, and a heavy rain started to pour down. They tried to find their way back, but the map they’d drawn themselves was unclear, and all the trees looked the same. Panic began to come into their hearts when they realized they were lost. They walked for a long time in the rain, their shoes dirty and their energy running out. Just when they were about to give up, Gaby noticed a small, old wooden house hidden behind some tall trees. "Look! We can stay there to wait for the rain to stop,” he said, pulling Alex towards it. The house looked unused, with broken windows and overgrown grass around it. Alex hesitated, feeling a little scared. But he followed Gaby. They walked to the door and pushed it hard — it made a loud sound and opened. Inside, the big room was dark. Then, they took out matches, lit the candle and started walking into the room slowly. They found that the room was so dirty, and there were a few broken chairs and an old table. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, a strange sound came from behind some wood in a corner of the room. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gaby and Alex decided to save the injured fox at once. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Revealing Nature（较易版02）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）Why did the man buy the lemon tree? A．To produce fruit. B．To purify the air. C．To decorate his room. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Wow, the lemon tree turns out to be a great decoration in your room. M: Well, that’s not why I bought it. You see, the fresh smell of lemons fills the air around the lemon tree, which can improve air quality in the room. 2．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Some indoor plants. B．The woman’s health. C．Selena’s gardening skills. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Have you noticed Selena’s garden lately? It’s beautiful! W: Yes. She has green fingers. No matter what she plants, it seems to grow bigger and healthier than anyone else’s. M: Indeed. Even the difficult plants are growing well under her care. 3．（本题1.5分）What does the man dislike about birds? A．Their noise. B．Their wings. C．Their colors. 【答案】A 【原文】W: I love listening to the birds singing in the morning. I often watch them flying from branch to branch. M: I like them too. They have lovely colorful wings, but I wish they would be quieter. They always wake me up too early. 4．（本题1.5分）When will the tomatoes be harvested? A．In a month. B．In 2 weeks. C．In 3 weeks. 【答案】B 【原文】W: I haven’t seen you for a month, Ingram. Oh, your tomato plants grow so well. M: So they do. They were small just three weeks ago. W: I think you’ll have a good harvest in half a month. M: You’re right. 5．（本题1.5分）Why do people plant trees in cities according to the woman? A．To clean the air. B．To provide a place for rest. C．To beautify the environment. 【答案】A 【原文】M: I didn’t expect to see so many trees in a city. W: Trees are planted in cities to take in harmful gases and give out oxygen. They are really important. M: Sure. Trees also make cities more beautiful, and people can have a rest under the shade. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What does Henry think of growing peas? A．They have a very low yield. B．It’s very easy to grow them. C．They are unpopular with gardeners. 7．(1.5分)What stops the woman from growing peas now? A．The hot climate. B．The limited space. C．The lack of containers. 【答案】6．B 7．A 【原文】W: Henry, what do you like growing in your garden? M: I really like growing peas. They’re low-effort, high-yield vegetables, and perfect for new gardeners. I’ve been growing them for over ten years. W: I’d love to try growing them too, but I don’t have a garden. M: You can just use some containers that are at least 10 inches deep, and put a small cage in each one for the plants to climb. W: Can I start growing them now? M: I don’t think so. Peas like cool weather and can’t stand the summer heat. W: Then I’ll wait for a few months. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)Where does the conversation take place? A．On top of a mountain. B．In a parking lot. C．At a ticket booth. 9．(1.5分)How far is the lake from the top? A．About 20 minutes’ walk. B．About 40 minutes’ walk. C．About 3 hours’ walk. 10．(1.5分)What color will the lake be when the speakers arrive? A．Orange. B．Blue. C．Green. 【答案】8．B 9．B 10．C 【原文】M: Did you grab everything from the car? We should check before we leave this area. We have a long day of hiking ahead of us. W: Yes, I did it already. Where should we go now? M: We’re going up to the top part of the mountain. W: Is that where we get the tickets? M: Yeah. It’s about a 20-minute walk from here. W: That’s not so bad. M: Just wait till we get the tickets. It’s a three-hour hike from there to the top. W: How far is the lake from the top? M: Another 40 minutes. We can have lunch at the top, or down by the water. W: We had a late breakfast, so I can wait. I’m excited to see this lake. The guidebook says it changes color throughout the year. M: That’s true. In the fall and winter, it’s sky blue because of the light reflecting off tiny pieces of ice in the lake. At this time of year, it turns green because of the plants that grow under the water. W: That’s so cool. It’s a good thing I brought my camera. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)Why does the man come to see the woman? A．To get some ideas for a gift. B．To give a party invitation. C．To ask about house decoration. 12．(1.5分)What does the lucky bamboo with eight sticks represent? A．Double happiness. B．Growth. C．Blessings. 13．(1.5分)Which of the following plants does the woman have in her bedroom? A．The lucky bamboo. B．Spider plants. C．The Chinese money plant. 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．C 【原文】M: Hey, Emma. My sister is going to have a housewarming party in her new house. I was thinking of getting her some indoor plants as a gift, but plants aren’t really my thing. W: How about a lucky bamboo? It is believed to bring luck to the household. She can place it in the living room. M: Quite interesting. W: According to Chinese tradition, the significance of the lucky bamboo is tied to how many sticks it has. For example, two sticks represent double happiness, five represent blessings, and with three more growth. M: Nice. What about something for her study room? W: A Chinese money plant would be great. It only needs watering weekly. I placed one in my bedroom and it is growing well. Spider plants are also a good choice. M: Thanks. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What do we know about the man? A．He values fresh food. B．He lives in an apartment. C．He finds gardening relaxing. 15．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest planting? A．Carrots and potatoes. B．Corn and onions. C．Potatoes and tomatoes. 16．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Neighbors. B．Classmates. C．Husband and wife. 【答案】14．A 15．B 16．C 【原文】M: I’m thinking about planting some vegetables in the backyard. We could grow potatoes, tomatoes, and carrots. It would be so nice to have fresh food to eat, and we would spend more time outside. What do you think? W: I think that’s an excellent idea. Could we plant some corn and onions, too? We could save a lot of money by doing that. M: Sure. You’re right that we can save money, but it is a lot of work. That’s why I’ll need your help. I can’t do it alone. W: What will we have to do? M: Well, after we plant the vegetables, we’ll have to water them regularly, protect them from animals, and we should also keep the backyard clean and neat. Do you think we can do all that? W: I think so. I like a challenge. Plus, it will be worth it. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．(1.5分)Who is the speaker? A．A host. B．A guide. C．A scientist. 18．(1.5分)What is special about the newly developed cocoa fruit? A．The entire fruit can be used. B．It makes chocolate taste better. C．Its beans can be gathered in easily. 19．(1.5分)How much is the global chocolate industry worth now? A．Around $7.5 million. B．Around $22.3 billion. C．Around $130 billion. 20．(1.5分)Where did the speaker travel to learn more about the cocoa fruit? A．Switzerland. B．Ghana. C．China. 【答案】17．A 18．A 19．C 20．B 【原文】M: Welcome to World Farming. Today we’ll be looking at food scientists who have come up with a waste free way to produce chocolate. Around the world, about 6 million tons of chocolate are expected to be eaten this year, and every mouthful comes from the cocoa bean, which is found inside the cocoa fruit. Normally when the bean is gathered in, the rest of the fruit is thrown away. But researchers in Switzerland have developed a cocoa fruit that won’t be wasted. This is because the entire fruit can be used in the production of chocolate. For an industry currently worth about 130 billion dollars in the world, this could be a game changer. America alone is projected to reach 22.3 billion dollars by 2030. So this invention is important for both fighting food waste and gaining business profits, and I have visited a cocoa farm in Ghana to learn more about how the cocoa fruit is grown. Later in the program, I’ll be speaking to several food scientists. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Creating a Habitat for Bees Why not observe some insects in a habitat you built yourself? Build a bee hotel using a glass jar to provide a safe nesting place for solitary bees. This project helps kids learn about bee habitats, the importance of pollinators (传花粉者), and biodiversity.Materials Needed Clean glass jar (mason jar or similar), paper, scissors, string or wire, and tape (optional).Steps 1. Prepare your paper tubes: Cut and roll your paper into tubes to a length slightly shorter than the height of the glass jar. Ensure the ends are smooth and open. The bees will go into these tubes, so the tubes should be about half an inch in width. 2. Fill the jar: Pack paper tubes tightly into the jar, making sure they fit tightly and do not fall out. The tubes should be arranged so that the open ends face outward. 3. Hang the bee hotel: Attach string or wire around the neck of the jar, forming a loop (圈) for hanging. Choose a location that is sheltered from heavy rain and direct wind but receives plenty of sunlight, such as under the eaves of a building or on a tree branch. 4. Monitor and maintain: Check the bee hotel regularly to ensure it remains undamaged and clean. Replace any damaged or blocked tube as needed.Science Concepts Bee habitats: Learn about the natural nesting preferences of solitary bees and how creating suitable habitats can support their populations. Pollination: Understand the crucial role bees play in pollination and maintaining biodiversity in ecosystems. Conservation: Explore the importance of conserving pollinator species and promoting biodiversity through small-scale interventions like building bee hotels. Ecology: Gain insights into the interactions between living organisms and their environment, emphasizing the interconnectedness of ecosystems. 21．(2.5分)Who is this project intended for? A．Young learners. B．Urban planners. C．Experienced farmers. D．Professional ecologists. 22．(2.5分)What can we infer about the paper tubes used in building a bee hotel? A．They must be completely closed at one end. B．They need to be replaced on a weekly basis. C．Their width is less important than their length. D．Their openings should stay uncovered and accessible. 23．(2.5分)What is a key ecological insight children can gain from the project? A．The value of teamwork among insects. B．The harm caused by chemical pollution. C．The link between species and surroundings. D．The method of picking artificial nests for bees. 【答案】21．A 22．D 23．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了用玻璃罐为独居蜜蜂建造栖息地（蜂屋）的步骤、所需材料及相关科学概念。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“This project helps kids learn about bee habitats, the importance of pollinators, and biodiversity.(这个项目帮助孩子们了解蜜蜂栖息地、传粉者的重要性以及生物多样性)”可知，该项目面向的是年轻的学习者（孩子们）。 22．推理判断题。根据Steps第2点中“The tubes should be arranged so that the open ends face outward.(管子应排列成开口朝外)”及第1点中“The bees will go into these tubes, so the tubes should be about half an inch in width.(蜜蜂会进入这些管子，所以管子的宽度应该是半英寸左右)”可知，纸管的开口应保持敞开且可进入。 23．细节理解题。根据Science Concepts中Ecology部分“Gain insights into the interactions between living organisms and their environment, emphasizing the interconnectedness of ecosystems.(深入了解生物与其环境之间的相互作用，强调生态系统的相互联系)”可知，孩子们能获得的关键生态见解是物种与周围环境之间的联系。 （本题10分）For nearly 900 days in 1941 — 44, Nazi forces blockaded (封锁) Leningrad, modern-day St Petersburg in Russia, trying to starve the city into submission. When food ran out, people ate cotton husks, leather belts and even their pets. Nearly a third of the population — some 750,000 civilians — died. Yet in the center of the city, in a former palace, the All Union Institute of Plant Breeding, the world’s first seed bank, housed 250,000 plants from five continents. This collection, if planted, could have fed “every citizen within Leningrad, and the Soviet Union (苏联) and elsewhere besides”. Botanists faced a dilemma: safeguard the seed bank for the future or use it to save themselves and others from starvation? The seed bank’s staff chose not to eat the collection. As botanists, they grasped the potential of the seeds to engineer high-yielding and disease-resistant crops to feed future generations. Their sacrifice was not without consequences: 19 staff starved to death. Whereas today huge gene banks, such as the Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway, store copies of the world’s crops in case of disasters, such initiatives used to seem unusual. The plant library was the brainchild of Nikolai Vavilov, a noted botanist. His international fame drew the attention of Soviet authorities, who arrested him in 1940 and accused him of treason (叛国罪). Vavilov died in the prison in 1943. The Soviets did not value Vavilov’s work, but the Nazis did. They thought his collection could be used to create German supercrops. In a twist, Heinz Brücher, a botanist and senior SS officer (党卫军高级官员), launched a secret mission to seize Vavilov’s seeds. The Nazis stole from remote seed-breeding stations and established a rival seed bank in an Austrian castle. After the war Brücher fled, and the seeds he had stolen were lost. But efforts to protect Vavilov’s collection were not in vain: over the past 70 years seeds saved during the blockade have been used to create varieties of wheat that are superior in quality and yield. The sacrifice of the Russian botanists has stocked the world’s breadbasket. 24．(2.5分)Why did the Nazis target Leningrad? A．To arrest botanists there. B．To force it to give in. C．To develop German supercrops. D．To steal the seeds from it. 25．(2.5分)What led to the botanists’ choice? A．The risk to their precious seeds. B．Their devotion to a scientific cause. C．The necessity of feeding all Russians. D．Their consideration for citizens then. 26．(2.5分)Who came up with the first seed bank? A．The Soviets. B．The Nazis. C．Heinz Brücher. D．Nikolai Vavilov. 27．(2.5分)What happened to the seeds after the war? A．They were lost to stealing. B．They were stored secretly. C．They produced better varieties. D．They ended the shortage of crops. 【答案】24．B 25．B 26．D 27．C 【导语】主要讲述列宁格勒封锁期间植物学家守护种子库的悲壮经历，介绍种子库的由来、遭遇以及种子带来的长远价值。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For nearly 900 days in 1941 — 44, Nazi forces blockaded (封锁) Leningrad, modern‑day St Petersburg in Russia, trying to starve the city into submission.(在1941至1944年将近900天里，纳粹军队封锁了列宁格勒，即如今俄罗斯的圣彼得堡，试图以饥饿迫使这座城市屈服。)”可知，纳粹封锁列宁格勒的目的是逼迫该城市投降。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ The seed bank’s staff chose not to eat the collection. As botanists, they grasped the potential of the seeds to engineer high‑yielding and disease‑resistant crops to feed future generations. Their sacrifice was not without consequences: 19 staff starved to death.(种子库的工作人员选择不吃这些收藏的种子。作为植物学家，他们意识到这些种子有潜力培育出高产且抗病的农作物，以养活未来的几代人。)”可知，植物学家出于对科学事业的奉献，选择不吃种子库的种子。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The plant library was the brainchild of Nikolai Vavilov, a noted botanist.(这座植物文库是著名植物学家尼古拉·瓦维洛夫的构想。)”可知，尼古拉·瓦维洛夫创立了世界第一座种子库。 27．细节理解题。根据第六段中的“But efforts to protect Vavilov’s collection were not in vain: over the past 70 years seeds saved during the blockade have been used to create varieties of wheat that are superior in quality and yield.(但是保护瓦维洛夫藏品的努力没有白费：在过去70年里，封锁时期保存下来的种子被用来培育品质和产量都更优良的小麦品种。)”可知，战后这些种子被用来培育出品质更好的作物品种。 （本题10分）Astronomers from Spain recently detected a sugar molecule (分子) within the dusty, gaseous clouds at the center of our galaxy. This discovery not only offers clues to the origin of sugars on Earth but also aids scientists in exploring how life formed. According to a paper published on the Nature Astronomy, the researchers detected erythrulose (赤藓酮糖) in the medium of our galaxy, which was also found on Earth in raspberries. This marks the first detection of a “true sugar” in space. In 2000, astronomers had detected glycolaldehyde, the simplest sugar molecule, in the galactic center, but that substance contains only two carbon atoms (原子) and does not qualify as a sugar. Brett McGuire, an astrochemist at MIT, notes that a true sugar must have at least three carbon atoms. Sugars are among the fundamental building blocks of life. Scientists infer that sugars existed on Earth long ago. Yet, despite copying the necessary chemical conditions, numerous experiments to synthesize sugars have failed. Meanwhile, clues have hinted that sugars may exist beyond Earth. Last December, Japanese researchers announced the identification of multiple essential sugars — including ribose and glucose — in samples extracted from an asteroid (小行星). This has turned scientists’ attention to the cosmos in search of sugars. After repeated cross-verification, they identified erythrulose in a nebula at the galactic center. The researchers estimate that between 500,000 and 500,000,000 tons of erythrulose were delivered to Earth during the critical early stages of our planet’s formation. Although erythrulose cannot directly form RNA or DNA, it can be converted through reactions into another sugar, which can then give rise to these two nucleic acids. This new finding suggests that sugars may have existed even before stars and planets formed. Study co-author Izaskun Jiménez-Serra stated that if one of life’s essential building blocks can be generated in the interstellar medium, then the likelihood of life existing beyond Earth increases accordingly. 28．(2.5分)What do we know about erythrulose? A．It has a sweet taste like raspberries. B．It only appears in the galactic center. C．It may consist of four carbon atoms. D．It’s the first sugar molecule in space. 29．(2.5分)What can be inferred from the passage? A．Sugars can’t be synthesized on Earth. B．All sugars on Earth were delivered by asteroids. C．RNA and DNA are composed of erythrulose. D．Sugars may have a history longer than Earth. 30．(2.5分)What is Izaskun Jiménez-Serra’s attitude towards the new discovery? A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Unconcerned. 31．(2.5分)Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Erythrulose: Small Surprise in the Galaxy B．Asteroids: The Main Source of Earth’s Sugars C．Sweet Discovery: Probability of Alien Life Boosts D．Astronauts: Contributing to the Progress of Space Science 【答案】28．C 29．D 30．A 31．C 【导语】文章介绍科学家在银河系中心发现太空真糖，介绍其研究价值、探索过程及对地外生命探索的重要意义。 【详解】28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Brett McGuire, an astrochemist at MIT, notes that a true sugar must have at least three carbon atoms. (麻省理工学院天体化学家布雷特·麦圭尔指出，真正的糖必须至少含有三个碳原子。)”可知，赤藓酮糖是真正的糖，碳原子数量不少于三个，可能含有四个碳原子。 29．推理判断题。根据第五段中“This new finding suggests that sugars may have existed even before stars and planets formed.(这一新发现表明，糖类物质甚至可能在恒星和行星形成之前就已经存在)”可知，地球属于行星，糖类的存在历史可能比地球更久远。 30．推理判断题。根据第五段“Study co-author Izaskun Jiménez-Serra stated that if one of life’s essential building blocks can be generated in the interstellar medium, then the likelihood of life existing beyond Earth increases accordingly. (该研究合著者伊萨斯昆·希门尼斯·塞拉表示，如果生命的重要基础物质之一能在星际介质中产生，那么地外生命存在的可能性也会相应增加。)”可知，她对该发现持积极乐观的态度。 31．主旨大意题。通读全文并结合首尾段“This discovery not only offers clues to the origin of sugars on Earth but also aids scientists in exploring how life formed. (这一发现不仅为地球上糖类的起源提供了线索，也助力科学家探索生命的形成方式。)”以及“then the likelihood of life existing beyond Earth increases accordingly. (地外生命存在的可能性也会相应增加。)”可知，文章核心是太空发现糖类物质，极大提升了地外生命存在的可能性。C项“糖的发现：地外生命的可能性提升”能概括文章主旨，适合作本文标题。 （本题10分）A seal (海豹) wearing a helmet with an antenna might look unusual, but eight Weddell seals, each with a 580g monitoring device (监测装置) on their heads, have been helping Japanese researchers survey the waters under the thick ice sheet in the Antarctic. Tapped for a research project between March and November 2017, these seals were equipped with the head-mounted conductivity, temperature and depth sensor, which allows scientists to collect observation information, such as water temperatures and salt levels, in areas with extremely terrible environmental conditions. Project leader Nobuo Kokubun said such research helps scientists discover the animals’ behavioural patterns. “During the summer, we can go to the Antarctic by icebreakers to conduct actual research activities, so that we can collect information there. But during the winter, such things cannot be done in so many places,” Kokubun said during an interview. “However, even in such a situation, many animals such as seals are living in the area of Antarctica, so I thought maybe they were useful,” Kokubun added. The information successfully gathered from seven seals showed one of them had traveled as far as 633km from the coast of Japan’s Showa Station in the Antarctic, while another had arrived a depth of 700m. Kokubun said the scientists also learned from the information that warm sea water from the upper layer (上层) in the open sea reached Antarctica from March through winter that year. The water flowed below the ice, bringing in sea creatures like Antarctic krill, a major food source for seals. In order to know further impact of global warming on Antarctic coastal areas, Kokubun next hopes to make the device small enough to fit other animals at the South Pole such as penguins. “The advantage of penguins is that they come back to the same place and we can collect information from them immediately. Also, we can use the devices on a large number of penguins so they can cover a wide area,” he said. 32．(2.5分)What’s the function of the device on seals’ heads? A．To help seals survive. B．To help scientists collect information. C．To prove the effects of global warming. D．To ensure seals see clearly under the water. 33．(2.5分)What do Kokubun’s words in Paragraph 3 mainly show? A．Doing research in Antarctica is difficult. B．Animals in Antarctica are worth studying. C．Animals in Antarctica are not afraid of cold. D．Some animals in Antarctica are great helpers. 34．(2.5分)How did the researchers probably feel after getting information? A．Worried. B．Confused. C．Encouraged. D．Disappointed. 35．(2.5分)Which of the following shows Kokubun’s opinion? A．The device should be improved. B．Seals don’t live on sea creatures. C．The research has been carried out on a large scale. D．Penguins should take the place of seals completely. 【答案】32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A 【导语】文章主要说明了研究者在韦德尔海豹头上安装监测设备，借助它们获取南极冰下水域数据。研究收获不错，项目负责人计划缩小装置，未来用于企鹅，继续探究全球变暖对南极海岸的影响。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tapped for a research project between March and November 2017, these seals were equipped with the head-mounted conductivity, temperature and depth sensor, which allows scientists to collect observation information, such as water temperatures and salt levels, in areas with extremely terrible environmental conditions.(这些海豹于2017年3月至11月期间被用于一项研究项目，配备了头戴式电导率、温度和深度传感器，使科学家能够在极端恶劣的环境条件下收集水温、盐度等观测数据)”可知，研究人员给海豹身上安装监视装置是为了搜集信息。 33．推理判断题。根据第三段“However, even in such a situation, many animals such as seals are living in the area of Antarctica, so I thought maybe they were useful(然而，即便在这样的情况下，许多动物如海豹仍生活在南极地区，所以我想到也许它们是有用的)”可知，一些南极的动物是很好的帮手。 34．推理判断题。根据第四段“The information successfully gathered from seven seals showed one of them had traveled as far as 633km from the coast of Japan’s Showa Station in the Antarctic, while another had arrived a depth of 700m. Kokubun said the scientists also learned from the information that warm sea water from the upper layer (上层) in the open sea reached Antarctica from March through winter that year. The water flowed below the ice, bringing in sea creatures like Antarctic krill, a major food source for seals.(从七只海豹身上收集到的信息显示，其中一只最远游到了距离日本位于南极的昭和站海岸633公里的位置，另一只则抵达了700米深的水下。Kokubun表示，科学家还从这些信息中了解到，自当年三月起，温暖的海水从开阔海域上层一直流至南极，并在冰层下方流动，带来了南极磷虾等海洋生物，而后者是海豹的重要食物来源)”可知，海豹搜集来很多信息，这样的收获会让研究人员深受鼓舞。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In order to know further impact of global warming on Antarctic coastal areas, Kokubun next hopes to make the device small enough to fit other animals at the South Pole such as penguins.(为了进一步了解全球变暖对南极沿海地区的影响，Kokubun接下来希望将该设备做得足够小巧，以便安装在南极的其他动物身上，例如企鹅)”可知，Kokubun认为这些装置可以加以改进，以便适用于其他类型的动物。 （本题12.5分）Once a tree seed takes root, it develops a stem that pushes out of the ground and eventually takes the familiar shape of a tree. 36(2.5分) There are tens of thousands of different tree species, and species grow at different rates. For example, white oaks take decades to reach their full height of 100 feet or more. But they can live for up to 600 years. 37(2.5分) They reach full height (20 to 30 feet) in about 10 years but only live for 20. Coast redwoods are fast-growing, super tall, and long-lived. In early life, many climb more than 3 feet a year. Fully grown, they can soar more than 300 feet (about the same height as the Statue of Liberty). 38(2.5分) However, they can live for over 1,000 years. Trees mature differently because each species is adapted to its specific habitat. A tree grows in particular kinds of soil and among certain animals and other plants. Throughout the seasons, it lives with temperatures and amounts of water and sun that don’t vary much from year to year. A tree may grow fast or slow-or tall or not-so-tall. 39(2.5分) Severe weather can also affect tree growth by delivering the wrong amounts of sun, water, heat, or cold. If trees get what they need, they usually reach full height before they’re halfway through life. 40(2.5分) Each year, their trunks, roots, and branches get wider. So basically, a tree is always growing and changing. That’s tree-rific! A．After that, they still grow in other ways. B．Gray birches grow as fast as 2 feet a year. C．Their leaf colors vary in different conditions. D．Those ways of growing help it survive in its habitat. E．It is interesting to know how long it takes for trees to grow. F．These giants complete much of their upward growth in their first 100 years. G．How long it takes to grow to its full height depends on many things — especially tree species! 【答案】36．G 37．B 38．F 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同树种生长速度和成熟情况存在差异，这取决于多种因素，包括树种本身、生长环境等，且树木即使达到一定高度后仍会以其他方式生长。 【详解】36．根据下文“There are tens of thousands of different tree species, and species grow at different rates.(世界上有上万种不同的树种，且不同树种的生长速度各异)” 可知，树的生长与树种有关。G选项“长到完整高度需要多长时间取决于很多因素 —— 尤其是树种！” 符合语境，故选G。 37．根据上文“For example, white oaks take decades to reach their full height of 100 feet or more. But they can live for up to 600 years.(例如，白橡树需要几十年才能长到 100 英尺或更高的完整高度。但它们可以活到 600 年)”及下文“They reach full height (20 to 30 feet) in about 10 years but only live for 20.(它们在大约 10 年达到 20 - 30 英尺的完整高度，但仅活 20 年)” 可知，此处应介绍另一种树的生长速度。B选项“桦树每年能长 2 英尺那么快”符合语境，故选B。 38．根据上文“Coast redwoods are fast-growing, super tall, and long-lived. In early life, many climb more than 3 feet a year. Fully grown, they can soar more than 300 feet (about the same height as the Statue of Liberty).(海岸红杉生长迅速、极高且寿命长。在早期，许多每年能长高超过 3 英尺。完全长成后，它们能高达 300 多英尺（大约和自由女神像一样高）)” 可知，选项承接前文关于海岸红杉生长情况的描述，进一步说明其向上生长阶段。F选项“这些巨树在最初的 100 年里完成了大部分向上的生长” 符合语境，故选F。 39．根据上文“Trees mature differently because each species is adapted to its specific habitat. A tree grows in particular kinds of soil and among certain animals and other plants. Throughout the seasons, it lives with temperatures and amounts of water and sun that don’t vary much from year to year. A tree may grow fast or slow - or tall or not - so - tall.(树木成熟情况不同是因为每个物种都适应其特定栖息地。一棵树生长在特定的土壤中，与特定的动物和其他植物共生。一年四季，它所处的温度、水和阳光的量每年变化不大。一棵树可能长得快或慢 - 或高或不那么高)” 及下文 “Severe weather can also affect tree growth by delivering the wrong amounts of sun, water, heat, or cold.(恶劣天气也会通过提供不合适的阳光、水、热量或寒冷程度来影响树木生长)” 可知，选项承上启下，解释前文树木生长与栖息地的关系，引出后文恶劣天气对生长的影响。D选项“那些生长方式帮助它在栖息地生存” 符合语境，故选D。 40．根据上文“If trees get what they need, they usually reach full height before they’re halfway through life.(如果树木得到它们需要的东西，它们通常在生命过半之前达到完整高度)”以及下文 “Each year, their trunks, roots, and branches get wider.(每年，它们的树干、根和树枝会变粗)”可知，选项承上启下，引出后文树木树干、根和树枝变粗等其他生长方式。A选项“在那之后，它们仍然以其他方式生长” 符合语境，故选A。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）We see different natural phenomena around us every day, but few of us really understand why they 41 . From rainbows in the sky to seasons changing, most natural phenomena are based on basic scientific 42 . Learning about them not only helps us know the world better but also makes our life more 43 . A rainbow is one of the most beautiful natural phenomena. It appears when sunlight passes through small water 44 in the air, usually after rain. The light splits into different 45 , making a colorful arc in the sky. Many people think rainbows can only be seen after rain, but in fact, they can also appear near waterfalls or on sunny days with heavy mist. Seasonal changes are another common phenomenon. The four seasons happen because the earth 46 around the sun. When part of the earth is closer to the sun, it is summer; when it is 47 away, it is winter. This change also 48 the growth of plants and the activities of animals, forming a balanced natural cycle. Many people are afraid of thunder and lightning, but they are also normal natural phenomena. Lightning is caused by the movement of electric charges in clouds, and thunder is the 49 made by lightning heating the air. We should stay away from open places and tall trees during thunderstorms to keep 50 . Some other small phenomena, like water turning into ice in winter or leaves falling in autumn, are also 51 by scientific rules. We often take them for granted, but if we 52 carefully, we can find science everywhere in our life. Understanding natural phenomena teaches us to be curious and 53 the world. It helps us tell the difference between science and superstition, and makes us think more 54 . We should keep observing and learning to 55 the secrets of nature and science. 41．(1分)A．disappear B．happen C．die D．end 42．(1分)A．rules B．stories C．dreams D．mistakes 43．(1分)A．meaningless B．interesting C．boring D．tiring 44．(1分)A．stones B．drops C．trees D．hills 45．(1分)A．parts B．sizes C．shapes D．colors 46．(1分)A．turns B．runs C．travels D．moves 47．(1分)A．farther B．closer C．higher D．lower 48．(1分)A．stops B．influences C．harms D．destroys 49．(1分)A．light B．sound C．smell D．taste 50．(1分)A．safe B．dangerous C．warm D．cold 51．(1分)A．controlled B．broken C．stopped D．made 52．(1分)A．ignore B．observe C．forget D．hate 53．(1分)A．fear B．respect C．damage D．change 54．(1分)A．blindly B．wisely C．angrily D．sadly 55．(1分)A．discover B．hide C．cover D．lose 【答案】 41．B 42．A 43．B 44．B 45．D 46．D 47．A 48．B 49．B 50．A 51．A 52．B 53．B 54．B 55．A 【导语】主要介绍了一些常见自然现象背后的科学原理，如彩虹、季节变化、雷电等，强调了解这些现象不仅能让我们更好地认识世界，还能让生活更有趣，鼓励我们保持观察和学习，去发现自然与科学的秘密。 【详解】41．考查动词。句意：我们每天都能看到周围不同的自然现象，但很少有人真正理解它们为什么会发生。A. disappear消失；B. happen发生；C. die死亡；D. end结束。根据前文“but few of us really understand”以及后文“From rainbows in the sky to seasons changing”可知，这里说的是人们不理解自然现象发生的原因。 42．考查名词。句意：从天空中的彩虹到季节的变化，大多数自然现象都基于基本的科学规律。A. rules规律；B. stories故事；C. dreams梦想；D. mistakes错误。根据常识以及后文（倒数第二段）“scientific rules”可知，自然现象基于科学规律。 43．考查形容词。句意：了解它们不仅能帮助我们更好地了解世界，还能让我们的生活更有趣。A. meaningless无意义的；B. interesting有趣的；C. boring无聊的；D. tiring累人的。根据前文“not only helps us know the world better”可知，了解自然现象背后的科学知识会让生活更有趣。 44．考查名词。句意：当阳光穿过空气中的小水滴时，彩虹就会出现，通常是在雨后。A. stones石头；B. drops水滴；C. trees树；D. hills小山。根据后文“usually after rain.”可知，彩虹形成与空气中的小水滴有关。 45．考查名词。句意：光线分裂成不同的颜色，在天空中形成一道彩色的弧线。A. parts部分；B. sizes尺寸；C. shapes形状；D. colors颜色。根据后文“making a colorful arc”可知，彩虹呈现出不同颜色，是因为光分裂成不同颜色。 46．考查动词。句意：四季的形成是因为地球围绕太阳转动。A. turns转动（常指自身转动）；B. runs跑；C. travels旅行；D. moves移动，根据常识可知，地球绕太阳公转。 47．考查形容词比较级。句意：当地球的一部分离太阳更近时，就是夏天；当它离得更远时，就是冬天。A. farther更远；B. closer更近；C. higher更高；D. lower更低。与前面“closer to the sun”相对，这里指离太阳更远是冬天。 48．考查动词。句意：这种变化也影响植物的生长和动物的活动，形成一个平衡的自然循环。A. stops停止；B. influences影响；C. harms伤害；D. destroys破坏。根据后文“the growth of plants and the activities of animals, forming a balanced natural cycle.”可知，季节变化对动植物有影响，从而形成自然循环。 49．考查名词。句意：闪电是由云层中电荷的移动引起的，而雷声是闪电加热空气产生的声音。A. light光；B. sound声音；C. smell气味；D. taste味道。根据前文“thunder”以及常识可知，雷声是一种声音。 50．考查形容词。句意：在雷雨中，我们应该远离开阔的地方和高大的树木以确保安全。A. safe安全的；B. dangerous危险的；C. warm温暖的；D. cold寒冷的。根据前文“We should stay away from open places and tall trees during thunderstorms”可知，远离这些地方是为了保证安全。 51．考查动词。句意：其他一些小现象，比如冬天水结冰或秋天树叶掉落，也受科学规律的控制。A. controlled控制；B. broken打破；C. stopped停止；D. made制作。根据后文“by scientific rules.”可知，这些自然现象受科学规律控制。 52．考查动词。句意：我们常常认为它们是理所当然的，但如果我们仔细观察，就能在生活中处处发现科学。A. ignore忽视；B. observe观察；C. forget忘记；D. hate讨厌。根据后文“we can find science everywhere in our life.”可知，仔细观察才能发现生活中的科学。 53．考查动词。句意：了解自然现象教会我们保持好奇并尊重世界。A. fear害怕；B. respect尊重；C. damage破坏；D. change改变。根据前文“Understanding natural phenomena teaches us to be curious”可知，了解自然现象让我们尊重世界。 54．考查副词。句意：它帮助我们区分科学与迷信，让我们更明智地思考。A. blindly盲目地；B. wisely明智地；C. angrily生气地；D. sadly悲伤地。根据前文“It helps us tell the difference between science and superstition”可知，了解自然现象能让人明智思考。 55．考查动词。句意：我们应该持续观察和学习，去发现自然与科学的秘密。A. discover发现；B. hide隐藏；C. cover覆盖；D. lose失去。根据前文“We should keep observing and learning”可知，观察学习是为了发现自然和科学的秘密。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a mountain community, a small seed library 56(1.5分) (create) inside the public reading room two years ago. It works much like 57(1.5分) ordinary library: residents take home packets of seeds and, after growing the plants, return some seeds for others 58(1.5分) (share). The collection contains local bean, corn, and flower 59(1.5分) (variety). One important rule is 60(1.5分) every returned packet must carry a clear label. Volunteers check the seeds 61(1.5分) (careful) and write down when they were saved. They also learn directly 62(1.5分) experienced gardeners each spring and discover which plants grow well in different soils. Since the project began, many students 63(1.5分) (understand) that food systems depend on knowledge as well as land. The library has also made community ties 64(1.5分) (strong) than before, because older gardeners and young families now exchange advice. Its success comes not from the number of packets on the shelves, but from the shared sense of 65(1.5分) (responsible) behind them. 【答案】 56．was created 57．an 58．to share 59．varieties 60．that 61．carefully 62．from 63．have understood 64．stronger 65．responsibility 【导语】本文介绍了山区社区种子图书馆的运作模式、管理规则以及项目价值，该项目不仅留存了本土植物种子，也拉近了社区邻里关系。 【详解】56．考查时态和语态。句意：在一个山区社区，两年前一间公共阅览室里设立了一座小型种子图书馆。主语与动词为被动关系，时间状语two years ago表过去，用一般过去时被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。 57．考查冠词。句意：它的运作方式很像一座普通图书馆：居民把种子包带回家，种植植物之后，归还一部分种子供其他人分享。ordinary发音以元音音素开头，此处表泛指，用不定冠词an限定名词library。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：它的运作方式很像一座普通图书馆：居民把种子包带回家，种植植物之后，归还一部分种子供其他人分享。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，说明归还种子的用途。 59．考查名词复数。句意：馆藏包含当地各类豆子、玉米以及花卉品种。variety为可数名词，此处表示多种品类，需用复数形式。 60．考查表语从句。句意：一条重要的规则是每一份归还的种子包都必须带有清晰标签。空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。 61．考查副词。句意：志愿者仔细检查这些种子，并且记录下种子的留存时间。修饰动词check，需用副词形式。 62．考查介词固定搭配。句意：每年春天他们也直接向经验丰富的园艺爱好者学习。固定搭配learn from sb.，意为“向某人学习”。 63．考查现在完成时。句意：自从该项目启动以来，许多学生已经明白粮食体系既依靠土地，也依靠知识。since引导时间状语，主句需用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。 64．考查形容词比较级。句意：这座种子图书馆也让社区纽带比以往更加牢固。than为比较级标志词，形容词需用比较级形式。 65．考查名词。句意：它的成功并不来自架子上种子包的数量，而是来自种子包背后共有的责任感。介词of后接名词作宾语，将形容词转换为名词responsibility。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华。你即将结束在英国的交换学习，马上回国，你打算把你的绿植赠送给你的舍友Jack。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.写信原因； 2.介绍你的绿植和养护方法； 3.表达感谢并邀请他来中国游玩。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jack, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jack, As my exchange programme in the UK is coming to an end and I’m about to return to China, I want to share something special with you. I’m leaving behind my beloved green plant, which has been a companion during my stay here. It’s a snake plant, known for its hardiness and ability to thrive in indirect light. Water it once a week, and it will continue to bring a touch of nature to our shared living space. Thank you for making my stay so memorable with your warmth and friendship. Welcome to China, and I’d like to show you around. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给在英国的舍友Jack写封邮件，告知他你马上要结束交换学习回国，打算把你的绿植赠送给他，介绍绿植和养护方法，表达感谢，并邀请他来中国游玩。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 项目：programme→project 结束：come to an end→draw to an end 因……而闻名：be known for→be famous for 继续：continue→go on 2. 句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：It’s a snake plant, known for its hardiness and ability to thrive in indirect light. 拓展句：It’s a snake plant, which is known for its hardiness and ability to thrive in indirect light. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As my exchange programme in the UK is coming to an end and I’m about to return to China, I want to share something special with you.（运用了以从属连词as引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】I’m leaving behind my beloved green plant, which has been a companion during my stay here.（运用了以关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句） 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex and Gaby had been good friends since childhood. They loved adventures and often helped wild animals in trouble together. On a sunny Saturday morning, they decided to explore a small forest near their town — a place no one in their neighborhood had ever fully explored. They packed some water, snacks, matches, candles, a simple map and first-aid supplies, laughing and talking as they walked into the thick trees. The air in the forest was filled with the smell of trees and wet soil, and crickets (蟋蟀)made soft sounds around them, making the forest feel inviting. But they never expected what would happen next. At first, everything was wonderful. They saw colorful birds, picked wild fruits and took photos of interesting rocks and the lovely wild animals. But as the afternoon went on, the sky turned dark, and a heavy rain started to pour down. They tried to find their way back, but the map they’d drawn themselves was unclear, and all the trees looked the same. Panic began to come into their hearts when they realized they were lost. They walked for a long time in the rain, their shoes dirty and their energy running out. Just when they were about to give up, Gaby noticed a small, old wooden house hidden behind some tall trees. "Look! We can stay there to wait for the rain to stop,” he said, pulling Alex towards it. The house looked unused, with broken windows and overgrown grass around it. Alex hesitated, feeling a little scared. But he followed Gaby. They walked to the door and pushed it hard — it made a loud sound and opened. Inside, the big room was dark. Then, they took out matches, lit the candle and started walking into the room slowly. They found that the room was so dirty, and there were a few broken chairs and an old table. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, a strange sound came from behind some wood in a corner of the room. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gaby and Alex decided to save the injured fox at once. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Suddenly, a strange sound came from behind some wood in a corner of the room. Alex held the candle high and they walked towards the corner with great fear. Behind the wood, they found a small fox lying there. For some reason, its leg was badly hurt and bleeding. “Poor thing!” Gaby cried. Then, they carefully placed the fox on the old table and checked its wound. The fox made a low, scared sound. Seeing that the fox was in great pain, Alex said that they should be more careful. The rain was still heavy outside, but their attention was now on the suffering animal. Gaby and Alex decided to save the injured fox at once. Gaby said, “We need to stop the bleeding.” He took out the first-aid supplies from the bag, cleaned the cut and wrapped it with a clean cloth. The fox cried softly but stayed still. Half an hour later, the rain stopped. It was easy for them to find the way back. They carried the fox carefully and walked back to their town. They found an animal doctor to help the fox. Though tired, they felt proud because they thought helping was always worth it. 【导语】本文以野外探险为线索展开，讲述好友亚历克斯和加比深入未探明森林探险，突遇暴雨迷路，意外发现一间废弃木屋，在木屋内遭遇意外状况的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ① 由第一段首句可知，本段需先描写二人恐惧探寻声源，发现受伤流血的狐狸，简单观察狐狸伤情，转移注意力不再担忧迷路淋雨。 ② 由第二段首句可知，本段需围绕救助决定展开：描写二人利用随身急救包处理伤口、雨停后返程、寻找兽医救治狐狸，最后抒发助人救兽的内心感悟。 2. 续写线索 闻声恐惧探寻声源——发现受伤流血狐狸——初步查看狐狸伤情——使用急救包包扎止血——雨停结伴返程——求助兽医救治狐狸——感悟救助生命的意义 3.词类激活 行为类 ①大叫：cry/shout/yell ②放置：place/position ③停止：stop/cease 情绪类 ①恐惧：fear/horror ②害怕的：scared/frightened 【点睛】【高分句型1】Seeing that the fox was in great pain, Alex said that they should be more careful. （运用了现在分词作状语和两个that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Though tired, they felt proud because they thought helping was always worth it.（运用了状语从句的省略，because引导的原因状语从句以及省略连接词that的宾语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $