高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Revealing Nature（适中版01）

高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Revealing Nature（适中版01）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）What does the man think the plants need most? A．Wind. B．Water. C．Sunshine. 2．（本题1.5分）What does the man dislike about birds? A．Their noise. B．Their wings. C．Their colors. 3．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The beauty of autumn leaves. B．The reason leaves change color. C．The best time to see fall foliage. 4．（本题1.5分）Why do people plant trees in cities according to the woman? A．To clean the air. B．To provide a place for rest. C．To beautify the environment. 5．（本题1.5分）Why did the man buy the lemon tree? A．To produce fruit. B．To purify the air. C．To decorate his room. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)In which month does the man suggest the woman grow green beans? A．February. B．March. C．April. 7．(1.5分)What does the man remind the woman to do in the end? A．Loosen the soil carefully. B．Water the plants daily. C．Pick the mature beans. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At Tom’s home. B．In Lisa’s garden. C．On a farm. 9．(1.5分)What does Tom say about the tomatoes? A．They are healthy. B．They taste sweet. C．They are a good size. 10．(1.5分)What does Lisa think is the most important to tomato growth? A．Soil. B．Watering. C．Sunlight. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)What is the man doing? A．Presenting research results. B．Conducting an interview. C．Watching a TV show. 12．(1.5分)What do we know about the dark matter? A．It has no reaction to light. B．It’s widely known by people. C．It’s the most important part of the universe. 13．(1.5分)How much of the universe is made up of dark energy? A．About 5%. B．About 26%. C．About 69%. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What do we know about the man? A．He values fresh food. B．He lives in an apartment. C．He finds gardening relaxing. 15．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest planting? A．Carrots and potatoes. B．Corn and onions. C．Potatoes and tomatoes. 16．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Neighbors. B．Classmates. C．Husband and wife. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．(1.5分)What do people mean by saying they never dream? A．They forget about their dreams. B．They don’t want to tell the truth. C．They have important dreams. 18．(1.5分)Why did Tom stop having dreams? A．He got a serious heart attack. B．He was too sad about his brother’s death. C．He was frightened by a terrible event. 19．(1.5分)What is the speaker’s opinion about dreaming? A．It is very useful. B．It makes things worse. C．It stops the mind from working. 20．(1.5分)What is the function of dreaming according to the speaker? A．To sleep better. B．To recover from illnesses. C．To stay away from their problems. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Leaves will soon make their gradual change to vivid colors of yellow, orange and red as we head through the fall months, but when you can usually expect peak color to arrive depends on where you live. When Will Fall Leaves Peak For You? — Late September or Early October: The Rockies, the northern parts of Minnesota through Michigan and a stretch from upstate New York to northern New England see peak color first. — Mid to Late October: Potential for peak fall color advances through the Midwest into the Appalachians and much of the Northeast in mid to late October. Most other areas in the western region, including valleys, see fall’s brightest color by this time of year as well. — November: Much of the mid-Atlantic coast and the South are the last holdouts to see peak color in November. Why Do Leaves Change Color? A shorter amount of daylight is the primary factor for the color of the leaves to begin to change. As nights grow longer and cooler, production of the green pigment (色素) slows and eventually stops. This allows the yellow and orange pigments to shine through, revealing the many beautiful colors of fall. What Makes A Good Colorful Season? Location matters: Higher altitudes and northern latitudes cool first, causing earlier color changes. Weather’s role: The perfect recipe includes warm, sunny days paired with cool nighttime temperatures. Soil moisture (湿度): Sufficient soil moisture through spring and summer can help increase the chances of the colorful leaves. Wind warning: If a strong windstorm affects an area that’s near peak color, then it can tear off leaves from trees to some extent, reducing the display of peak color. So grab your camera, plan your trip, and get ready for nature’s colorful delight! 21．(2.5分)When can you enjoy peak fall color in valleys of the western region? A．Late September. B．Early October. C．Late October. D．Mid November. 22．(2.5分)What mainly causes the change of leaf colors? A．Rainy nights in autumn. B．Reduced daylight hours. C．Uncovered pigments. D．Rising temperature. 23．(2.5分)What may ruin the full display of peak color? A．The wet soil. B．The tree species. C．The hot summer. D．The severe storm. （本题10分）When Tori Cassady was a child, her family would drive to Yellowstone National Park every other summer. There, she was fascinated by the colorful geothermal (地热的) pools. “I kept wondering what could possibly live in there,” she recalls. That small idea has now grown into an adult research goal. Cassady, a senior at the University of Iowa, will enter graduate school this fall to study cyanobacteria (蓝藻细菌) — tiny organisms that live in Yellowstone’s hot pools and are believed to be among the earliest life-forms on Earth. Her research seeks to understand how life on our planet originated and evolved, a question that has fascinated scientists for generations. Originally, Cassady planned to study medicine. That changed when she took a Microbiology class. “I didn’t know microbiology was a field of study until then,” she says. She switched her major and began searching for a professor whose interests matched hers. She found Ingrid Ukstins, a volcanologist who has done research in planetary geology. The two hit it off immediately; the conversation during their first meeting lasted over an hour, making Cassady late for her next class. Together, they analyzed rock samples taken from beneath Auckland, New Zealand. Cassady learned to use an electron microprobe, a sophisticated instrument that allows her to examine olivine (橄榄石). By studying element diffusion in olivine, she could tell what was happening in the magma (岩浆) before a volcanic eruption. “I had a ball doing the research,” she says. She and another student spent nights and weekends examining over 1,000 samples, leaving piles of coffee cups behind. Cassady also earned a minor in music, playing the violin in a string quartet. “It helped me balance my science brain with my music brain,” she explains. Now, she is preparing to study at the University of Southern California. Her future research will take her back to Yellowstone, where she will investigate how ancient cyanobacteria are preserved in rock records. “We wouldn’t be here without the changes these bacteria created,” Cassady says. “Earth is a microbial planet, and we are just guests in it.” 24．(2.5分)Why did Cassady decide to study cyanobacteria? A．She planned to study medicine further. B．She liked visiting Yellowstone National Park. C．She was curious about the geothermal pools. D．She wanted to know some famous professors. 25．(2.5分)What did Cassady and Ukstins do during their first meeting? A．They analyzed rock samples. B．They had a pleasant conversation. C．They took a microbiology class. D．They discussed medical topics. 26．(2.5分)What kind of person is Cassady? A．Brave. B．Confident. C．Humorous. D．Hardworking. 27．(2.5分)What will Cassady’s future work focus on? A．Violin performance skills. B．Magma movement patterns. C．Medical treatment methods. D．Ancient cyanobacteria in rocks. （本题10分）On November 4, 2025, the astronauts aboard the Tiangong space station spotted cracks on their return capsule’s (太空舱) viewport window. Guessing that they were caused by tiny pieces of space debris (残骸), the ground team soon carried out analyses and experiments, and finally decided that they posed safety risks and pushed the return back. On November 14, the crew safely landed on Earth aboard the Shenzhou XXI spacecraft, completing an extra-long 204-day mission. Space debris, also known as orbital debris, includes non-functioning satellites, out-of-service rockets, and broken pieces from collisions (碰撞) or explosions, which pose severe risks because even small pieces, when moving at orbital speeds, carry enough energy to disable a spacecraft or destroy a satellite. The problem has worsened in recent years due to the rise of large satellites. Each new satellite increases the chance of collisions, leading to the generation of more debris — an effect known as the Kessler Syndrome, first suggested by NASA scientist Donald Kessler in 1978. The Tiangong incident is not an uncommon case. In 2021, a piece of debris from a 2007 anti-satellite test narrowly missed the International Space Station, forcing its crew to take shelter in their docked spacecraft. “We’re entering a phase where space operations are becoming increasingly risky,” says Holger Krag, head of the European Space Agency’s Space Safety Programme. Several solutions have been put forward to tackle the debris problem. These include active debris removal missions, which use robots or nets to collect and deorbit junk; designing satellites to be more easily deorbited at the end of their missions; and carrying out stricter international regulations on space activities. However, these measures face significant technical, financial, and political challenges. The Tiangong astronauts returned safely to Earth, but their experience serves as a wake-up call. As more countries and private companies venture into space, the need for a comprehensive, global approach to space debris management has never been more urgent (迫切的). Without action, the very orbits that enable modern life — from GPS navigation to weather forecasting — could become too dangerous to use. 28．(2.5分)Why was the return delayed? A．The craft ran out of fuel. B．Mission time was increased. C．Landing site was changed. D．Window cracks caused dangers. 29．(2.5分)What can lead to Kessler Syndrome according to the passage? A．Frequent space collisions. B．Unexpected star movements. C．Slow speed of space junk. D．Old satellites falling to Earth. 30．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “tackle” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Create. B．Solve. C．Ignore. D．Discover. 31．(2.5分)How does the author feel about the space debris? A．Quite positive. B．Deeply concerned. C．Doubtful of its risks. D．Excited about challenges. （本题10分）Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸). When scientists recorded a humpback whale contact call, known as a “whup”, and played it underwater around their research boat, it was eye-opening for them to find a whale named Twain became a more than willing participant in the call-and-response exchange. Scientists produced a whup call. Twain would then respond with her own whup call to them. This was described as “conversation” in a PeerJ paper. “It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call when other creatures come together or just to signal that they are in a certain location,” says Josephine Hubbard, an animal behaviorist with Whale SETI. In this case, it was as if Twain was either saying “hello” to scientists or “I’m over here.” But in both instances, she was responding to and engaging with whale signals that humans produced. She circled around the scientists’ boat and produced more signals before leaving. “What’s cool about her is that she could have left at any point, as it wasn’t an environment where she couldn’t leave, so she was choosing to be close to us,” said Hubbard. Humpback whales also produced “bubble (气泡) rings” close to boats suggesting that they were being playful and doing it in a relaxed manner. All the findings showed humpback whales enjoyed friendly encounters with humans. Of course, whether whales want to communicate with humans varies by the nature of the whale and by the situation. Just like some humans are more outgoing than others, this could also be true for whales, although this would need more research to understand. 32．(2.5分)What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To explain a new concept. B．To lead into the topic. C．To prove the researchers’ opinions. D．To show the popularity of humpback whales. 33．(2.5分)What may Hubbard agree with? A．Whales’ calls mean that danger is coming. B．Twain was forced to stay and respond to humans. C．The “whup” call is a greeting or location signal. D．It is impossible to understand whales’ real feelings. 34．(2.5分)Why did humpback whales produce “bubble rings” to boats? A．To show playfulness and relaxation. B．To show their sense of hunger. C．To warn humans to leave the sea area. D．To hunt fish near the research boats. 35．(2.5分)What is the passage mainly about? A．Ways to protect humpback whales in nature. B．Different kinds of calls made by large whales. C．The living habits of humpback whales in the ocean. D．Research on human-humpback whale communication. （本题12.5分）We all know that our dogs have feelings, and that they can be happy or sad. But, do dogs actually cry real tears when they get sad? Dogs are highly sensitive pets, and they experience a variety of emotions, just like humans. 36(2.5分) They might just have watery eyes. As far as scientists know, humans are the only species that cry for emotional reasons. Dogs do “cry” when they’re sad. However, dogs use voices to express feelings rather than having watery eyes. They begin doing this at a young age by crying out for their moms when in trouble. 37(2.5分) As they get older, dogs may continue this whining (哀鸣) when sad. Once they have matured, dogs consider their human owners to be the pack leader, or mother figure, and will direct their whining or crying towards them. Many specialists believe dogs suffering from separation anxiety will whine for their mothers. 38(2.5分) 39(2.5分) They can also be sad, in pain or attempting to let you know that they’re feeling uncomfortable or want something. Also, dogs may howl (嗥叫) occasionally, which is just another form of “crying”. In fact, many experts believe that howling is a dog’s ultimate expression of sadness. If dogs don’t produce emotional tears, why do they tear up at all? Studies show there is oftentimes a medical reason behind dogs having tears. 40(2.5分) A dog’s tear ducts (泪管) work somewhat differently. For dogs, the tears or liquid will flow back into the throat and nose rather than from the eyes. A．This is because dogs are social animals. B．However, no science proves dogs cry for sadness. C．Separation anxiety isn’t the only cause of dogs whining. D．Similarly, when sad, they go to their parent-like person. E．Virtually, that may be a sign of a serious health condition. F．The reasons for dogs crying or howling are exactly the same. G．They learn to make distinct sounds that can be recognized instantly. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）The moment the steel door of the submarine 41 shut, Dr. Elena Vance felt her heart race with a mixture of excitement and fear. After years of 42 she was finally going down to explore the Mariana Trench — the deepest point on Earth, a place where sunlight had never 43 . The heavy weight of the ocean above them grew with each passing minute. “Pressure increasing,” her co-pilot Marco announced, his voice strangely 44 despite the danger surrounding them. At 2,000 meters, the ocean around them turned from blue to 45 black. The only light came from the submarine’s powerful spotlights, 46 the endless darkness like knives. Schools of strange fish darted away, their silver bodies flashing briefly before disappearing. Suddenly, Marco 47 . On the sonar (声呐), a massive shadow was approaching — something far larger than any creature in their 48 records. Elena’s hands 49 on the controls. The shadow circled them twice, then 50 into the unknown depths below leaving no trace. “That was no ordinary shark,” Marco whispered, his face pale. They continued their 51 , but the atmosphere in the small cabin had changed. At 6,000 meters under the lights, something extraordinary 52 before their eyes: the remains of what appeared to be an ancient structure, covered in 53 coral that glowed with a green or red light. Elena 54 to take photos, but the moment she took out her camera, the submarine shook violently. A powerful current had 55 them, dragging the submarine deeper into the darkness. “We’re losing control!” Marco shouted. In that terrifying moment, Elena realized that some mysteries of the deep were never meant to be disturbed. 41．(1分)A．abruptly B．powerfully C．tightly D．gradually 42．(1分)A．ambition B．commitment C．preparation D．devotion 43．(1分)A．reached B．reflected C．spread D．extended 44．(1分)A．calm B．quiet C．excited D．nervous 45．(1分)A．permanent B．sudden C．familiar D．absolute 46．(1分)A．going across B．tearing down C．passing through D．cutting through 47．(1分)A．hesitated B．froze C．complained D．sighed 48．(1分)A．previous B．specific C．temporary D．published 49．(1分)A．lay B．knocked C．tightened D．rested 50．(1分)A．sank B．jumped C．escaped D．disappeared 51．(1分)A．exploration B．voyage C．operation D．journey 52．(1分)A．faded B．evolved C．unfolded D．proceeded 53．(1分)A．ancient B．living C．delicate D．existing 54．(1分)A．pretended B．managed C．refused D．attempted 55．(1分)A．pushed B．followed C．answered D．seized 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tea plants may one day become 56(1.5分) valuable resource for sustaining humans on the Moon. Researchers from the University of Kent have explored if tea can grow in lunar soil, 57(1.5分) could help support future astronauts living and working there. A similar test was also carried out using soil that simulates the surface of Mars for comparison. In the experiment, tea saplings (树苗) were planted in soils designed to copy those of the Moon and Mars under 58(1.5分) (careful) controlled conditions. Over several 59(1.5分) (week), the plants grown in the lunar soil simulant performed as well as those in the Earth soil control group, while the Martian soil simulant group 60(1.5分) (show) no growth. The results suggest that lunar soil may be suitable for certain crops, a 61(1.5分) (find) which offers hope for growing fresh food during long space missions. As humans plan 62(1.5分) (establish) bases on the Moon, achieving food independence becomes essential. Growing crops locally reduces the need for 63(1.5分) (cost) supplies from Earth and promotes astronauts’ physical health. Furthermore, understanding how plants adapt 64(1.5分) nutrient-poor lunar soil could inspire methods to improve agriculture on Earth, especially in regions 65(1.5分) (affect) by poor soil quality. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）你校英语报开设了“Learning to Observe”栏目。请用英语写一篇黄豆芽（soybean sprouts）生长观察日记，并向该栏目投稿，内容包括: 1.观察过程； 2.你的体会。 注意： 1.词数80个左右； 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex and Gaby had been good friends since childhood. They loved adventures and often helped wild animals in trouble together. On a sunny Saturday morning, they decided to explore a small forest near their town — a place no one in their neighborhood had ever fully explored. They packed some water, snacks, matches, candles, a simple map and first-aid supplies, laughing and talking as they walked into the thick trees. The air in the forest was filled with the smell of trees and wet soil, and crickets (蟋蟀)made soft sounds around them, making the forest feel inviting. But they never expected what would happen next. At first, everything was wonderful. They saw colorful birds, picked wild fruits and took photos of interesting rocks and the lovely wild animals. But as the afternoon went on, the sky turned dark, and a heavy rain started to pour down. They tried to find their way back, but the map they’d drawn themselves was unclear, and all the trees looked the same. Panic began to come into their hearts when they realized they were lost. They walked for a long time in the rain, their shoes dirty and their energy running out. Just when they were about to give up, Gaby noticed a small, old wooden house hidden behind some tall trees. "Look! We can stay there to wait for the rain to stop,” he said, pulling Alex towards it. The house looked unused, with broken windows and overgrown grass around it. Alex hesitated, feeling a little scared. But he followed Gaby. They walked to the door and pushed it hard — it made a loud sound and opened. Inside, the big room was dark. Then, they took out matches, lit the candle and started walking into the room slowly. They found that the room was so dirty, and there were a few broken chairs and an old table. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, a strange sound came from behind some wood in a corner of the room. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gaby and Alex decided to save the injured fox at once. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Revealing Nature（适中版01）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）What does the man think the plants need most? A．Wind. B．Water. C．Sunshine. 【答案】C 【原文】W: It looks as if these plants have not been watered for a long time. M: I came around with the watering pot just two days ago. Are you sure the leaves are getting enough light? W: Maybe that’s the answer. Can you help me move these plants closer to the window? 2．（本题1.5分）What does the man dislike about birds? A．Their noise. B．Their wings. C．Their colors. 【答案】A 【原文】W: I love listening to the birds singing in the morning. I often watch them flying from branch to branch. M: I like them too. They have lovely colorful wings, but I wish they would be quieter. They always wake me up too early. 3．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The beauty of autumn leaves. B．The reason leaves change color. C．The best time to see fall foliage. 【答案】B 【原文】W: The maple trees on campus are stunning this time of year. All those reds and oranges. M: They are. It’s all about the chlorophyll breaking down. As the days get shorter and cooler, the green pigment disappears, letting the other colors show through. W: Right. And different trees have different pigments, like carotenoids for yellow and anthocyanins for red. Nature’s chemistry is amazing. 4．（本题1.5分）Why do people plant trees in cities according to the woman? A．To clean the air. B．To provide a place for rest. C．To beautify the environment. 【答案】A 【原文】M: I didn’t expect to see so many trees in a city. W: Trees are planted in cities to take in harmful gases and give out oxygen. They are really important. M: Sure. Trees also make cities more beautiful, and people can have a rest under the shade. 5．（本题1.5分）Why did the man buy the lemon tree? A．To produce fruit. B．To purify the air. C．To decorate his room. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Wow, the lemon tree turns out to be a great decoration in your room. M: Well, that’s not why I bought it. You see, the fresh smell of lemons fills the air around the lemon tree, which can improve air quality in the room. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)In which month does the man suggest the woman grow green beans? A．February. B．March. C．April. 7．(1.5分)What does the man remind the woman to do in the end? A．Loosen the soil carefully. B．Water the plants daily. C．Pick the mature beans. 【答案】6．B 7．C 【原文】W: Tom, I plan to grow some green beans. Is this the right time to do that now? M: Well, we’re in late February now. It’s still too early to do that. You can wait for about twenty days. If you grow green beans now, they may not survive a frost. W: OK. Are there any other suggestions? M: Well, they tend to stop producing in the middle of the summer, so you need to water them every day. W: Anything else? M: Yes. You need to pick the mature beans. The more beans you pick, the more the plant will produce. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At Tom’s home. B．In Lisa’s garden. C．On a farm. 9．(1.5分)What does Tom say about the tomatoes? A．They are healthy. B．They taste sweet. C．They are a good size. 10．(1.5分)What does Lisa think is the most important to tomato growth? A．Soil. B．Watering. C．Sunlight. 【答案】8．A 9．C 10．B 【原文】M: Hi, come in, Lisa. Wow, these tomatoes look amazing. Are they from your garden? W: Yeah, Tom. I’ve brought you some. You can put some in your salad tonight. M: Thank you very much. How could they get so big anyway? W: Actually I have a lot of gardening tips. Are you interested? M: Sure. W: Well, the first step is to make sure there is plenty of healthy soil. Also you need to plant them in a sunny area. M: That would be easy in my yard. W: Yes, besides, consistent watering is the most significant thing. Tomatoes need regular watering. But be careful not to overwater them. M: Got it. W: Also consider supporting them with sticks as they grow. It helps plants to grow upright. Are you thinking of growing your own tomatoes? I can guide you now. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)What is the man doing? A．Presenting research results. B．Conducting an interview. C．Watching a TV show. 12．(1.5分)What do we know about the dark matter? A．It has no reaction to light. B．It’s widely known by people. C．It’s the most important part of the universe. 13．(1.5分)How much of the universe is made up of dark energy? A．About 5%. B．About 26%. C．About 69%. 【答案】11．B 12．A 13．C 【原文】M: Today on the show, we’ll be talking about something about the universe and its elements. And we’re honored to have Dr. Jane Scope with us. W: Thanks for having me. M: I know you’ve written a book about the universe and dark matter. Could you explain that to our viewers? W: Well, no one really knows what dark matter is. It’s called so because we think it is a type of matter that doesn’t react to light. M: So how do we know it exists? W: It’s just a theory at the moment, but there’s strong evidence for it. M: What’s that? W: In the universe, we can see how planets and stars act and influence each other, but sometimes they don’t react how we believe they should. That means something else is affecting their actions. M: So how much of the universe is dark matter? W: Well, the current popular model suggests the universe is made up of about 5% matter, 26% dark matter, and the rest is what we term dark energy. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What do we know about the man? A．He values fresh food. B．He lives in an apartment. C．He finds gardening relaxing. 15．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest planting? A．Carrots and potatoes. B．Corn and onions. C．Potatoes and tomatoes. 16．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Neighbors. B．Classmates. C．Husband and wife. 【答案】14．A 15．B 16．C 【原文】M: I’m thinking about planting some vegetables in the backyard. We could grow potatoes, tomatoes, and carrots. It would be so nice to have fresh food to eat, and we would spend more time outside. What do you think? W: I think that’s an excellent idea. Could we plant some corn and onions, too? We could save a lot of money by doing that. M: Sure. You’re right that we can save money, but it is a lot of work. That’s why I’ll need your help. I can’t do it alone. W: What will we have to do? M: Well, after we plant the vegetables, we’ll have to water them regularly, protect them from animals, and we should also keep the backyard clean and neat. Do you think we can do all that? W: I think so. I like a challenge. Plus, it will be worth it. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．(1.5分)What do people mean by saying they never dream? A．They forget about their dreams. B．They don’t want to tell the truth. C．They have important dreams. 18．(1.5分)Why did Tom stop having dreams? A．He got a serious heart attack. B．He was too sad about his brother’s death. C．He was frightened by a terrible event. 19．(1.5分)What is the speaker’s opinion about dreaming? A．It is very useful. B．It makes things worse. C．It stops the mind from working. 20．(1.5分)What is the function of dreaming according to the speaker? A．To sleep better. B．To recover from illnesses. C．To stay away from their problems. 【答案】17．A 18．B 19．A 20．A 【原文】      M: Does everyone dream? Everyone does. When people say that they never dream, what they really mean is that they don’t remember their dreams or they don’t think their dreams are important. The reason behind is that they might have had nightmares or haven’t had a sound sleep. One of my patients named Tom said that he used to be a great dreamer, but suddenly he stopped having dreams. I asked him what happened. It turned out that his brother died by heart attack and later he dreamt about it once. He felt so sad. Generally, when there was some bad event and the dream about it was too terrible, people prefer not to dream about it. As long as you dream, even the dream is frightening. Your mind is working on it. My personal opinion about what dreams do is that they help us deal with our problems. We see certain events take place in dreams. When a person is having dreams, he or she can actually have a better sleep. Because dreaming is another form of brain functioning. Also, dreams can prevent people from some diseases and help with daily problems. So, have a good dream and enjoy it. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Leaves will soon make their gradual change to vivid colors of yellow, orange and red as we head through the fall months, but when you can usually expect peak color to arrive depends on where you live. When Will Fall Leaves Peak For You? — Late September or Early October: The Rockies, the northern parts of Minnesota through Michigan and a stretch from upstate New York to northern New England see peak color first. — Mid to Late October: Potential for peak fall color advances through the Midwest into the Appalachians and much of the Northeast in mid to late October. Most other areas in the western region, including valleys, see fall’s brightest color by this time of year as well. — November: Much of the mid-Atlantic coast and the South are the last holdouts to see peak color in November. Why Do Leaves Change Color? A shorter amount of daylight is the primary factor for the color of the leaves to begin to change. As nights grow longer and cooler, production of the green pigment (色素) slows and eventually stops. This allows the yellow and orange pigments to shine through, revealing the many beautiful colors of fall. What Makes A Good Colorful Season? Location matters: Higher altitudes and northern latitudes cool first, causing earlier color changes. Weather’s role: The perfect recipe includes warm, sunny days paired with cool nighttime temperatures. Soil moisture (湿度): Sufficient soil moisture through spring and summer can help increase the chances of the colorful leaves. Wind warning: If a strong windstorm affects an area that’s near peak color, then it can tear off leaves from trees to some extent, reducing the display of peak color. So grab your camera, plan your trip, and get ready for nature’s colorful delight! 21．(2.5分)When can you enjoy peak fall color in valleys of the western region? A．Late September. B．Early October. C．Late October. D．Mid November. 22．(2.5分)What mainly causes the change of leaf colors? A．Rainy nights in autumn. B．Reduced daylight hours. C．Uncovered pigments. D．Rising temperature. 23．(2.5分)What may ruin the full display of peak color? A．The wet soil. B．The tree species. C．The hot summer. D．The severe storm. 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍不同地区秋叶达到最佳观赏色彩的时间、树叶变色的原因以及造就绚烂秋景的各类影响因素。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据“When Will Fall Leaves Peak For You?”部分中的“Mid to Late October: Potential for peak fall color advances through the Midwest into the Appalachians and much of the Northeast in mid to late October. Most other areas in the western region, including valleys, see fall’s brightest color by this time of year as well.(十月中下旬：中西部地区的秋叶最佳观赏期会逐步延伸至阿巴拉契亚山脉和东北部的大部分地区。西部地区的其他大部分地区，包括山谷，每年到这个时候也能看到秋天最绚烂的色彩。)”可知，西部地区的山谷在十月中下旬能观赏到秋叶的最佳色彩。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。根据“Why Do Leaves Change Color?”部分中的“A shorter amount of daylight is the primary factor for the color of the leaves to begin to change.(日照时间变短是树叶开始变色的主要因素。)”可知，日照时长的减少是导致树叶颜色发生变化的主要原因。故选B项。 23．细节理解题。根据“What Makes A Good Colorful Season?”部分中的“Wind warning: If a strong windstorm affects an area that’s near peak color, then it can tear off leaves from trees to some extent, reducing the display of peak color.(大风预警：如果强风暴影响到即将迎来秋叶最佳观赏期的地区，那么它会在一定程度上吹落树上的叶子，降低最佳观赏期的景观效果。)”可知，强风暴可能会破坏秋叶最佳观赏期的完整景观。故选D项。 （本题10分）When Tori Cassady was a child, her family would drive to Yellowstone National Park every other summer. There, she was fascinated by the colorful geothermal (地热的) pools. “I kept wondering what could possibly live in there,” she recalls. That small idea has now grown into an adult research goal. Cassady, a senior at the University of Iowa, will enter graduate school this fall to study cyanobacteria (蓝藻细菌) — tiny organisms that live in Yellowstone’s hot pools and are believed to be among the earliest life-forms on Earth. Her research seeks to understand how life on our planet originated and evolved, a question that has fascinated scientists for generations. Originally, Cassady planned to study medicine. That changed when she took a Microbiology class. “I didn’t know microbiology was a field of study until then,” she says. She switched her major and began searching for a professor whose interests matched hers. She found Ingrid Ukstins, a volcanologist who has done research in planetary geology. The two hit it off immediately; the conversation during their first meeting lasted over an hour, making Cassady late for her next class. Together, they analyzed rock samples taken from beneath Auckland, New Zealand. Cassady learned to use an electron microprobe, a sophisticated instrument that allows her to examine olivine (橄榄石). By studying element diffusion in olivine, she could tell what was happening in the magma (岩浆) before a volcanic eruption. “I had a ball doing the research,” she says. She and another student spent nights and weekends examining over 1,000 samples, leaving piles of coffee cups behind. Cassady also earned a minor in music, playing the violin in a string quartet. “It helped me balance my science brain with my music brain,” she explains. Now, she is preparing to study at the University of Southern California. Her future research will take her back to Yellowstone, where she will investigate how ancient cyanobacteria are preserved in rock records. “We wouldn’t be here without the changes these bacteria created,” Cassady says. “Earth is a microbial planet, and we are just guests in it.” 24．(2.5分)Why did Cassady decide to study cyanobacteria? A．She planned to study medicine further. B．She liked visiting Yellowstone National Park. C．She was curious about the geothermal pools. D．She wanted to know some famous professors. 25．(2.5分)What did Cassady and Ukstins do during their first meeting? A．They analyzed rock samples. B．They had a pleasant conversation. C．They took a microbiology class. D．They discussed medical topics. 26．(2.5分)What kind of person is Cassady? A．Brave. B．Confident. C．Humorous. D．Hardworking. 27．(2.5分)What will Cassady’s future work focus on? A．Violin performance skills. B．Magma movement patterns. C．Medical treatment methods. D．Ancient cyanobacteria in rocks. 【答案】24．C 25．B 26．D 27．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了Tori Cassady从小因黄石公园地热池产生好奇，从原本打算学医转而研究蓝藻细菌，求学期间刻苦钻研科研、兼顾音乐学习，未来将重返黄石探究远古蓝藻细菌的成长求学经历。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据第一段““I kept wondering what could possibly live in there,” she recalls. That small idea has now grown into an adult research goal..(她回忆道：“我一直好奇那里究竟生活着什么生物。”这个小小的念头，如今已然成为她成年后的研究方向。)”可知，Cassady研究蓝藻是源于对地热水池的好奇心。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段“The two hit it off immediately; the conversation during their first meeting lasted over an hour, making Cassady late for her next class.(二人一见如故，初次见面交谈时长超一小时。)”可知，初次碰面时二人进行了愉快的交谈。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段“She and another student spent nights and weekends examining over 1,000 samples, leaving piles of coffee cups behind.(她和同学利用夜晚、周末时间检测上千份岩石样本。)”可知，Cassady十分勤奋刻苦。 27．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Her future research will take her back to Yellowstone, where she will investigate how ancient cyanobacteria are preserved in rock records.(她未来的研究将回到黄石，探究远古蓝藻如何保存在岩层中。)”可知，未来研究聚焦岩层里的远古蓝藻细菌。 （本题10分）On November 4, 2025, the astronauts aboard the Tiangong space station spotted cracks on their return capsule’s (太空舱) viewport window. Guessing that they were caused by tiny pieces of space debris (残骸), the ground team soon carried out analyses and experiments, and finally decided that they posed safety risks and pushed the return back. On November 14, the crew safely landed on Earth aboard the Shenzhou XXI spacecraft, completing an extra-long 204-day mission. Space debris, also known as orbital debris, includes non-functioning satellites, out-of-service rockets, and broken pieces from collisions (碰撞) or explosions, which pose severe risks because even small pieces, when moving at orbital speeds, carry enough energy to disable a spacecraft or destroy a satellite. The problem has worsened in recent years due to the rise of large satellites. Each new satellite increases the chance of collisions, leading to the generation of more debris — an effect known as the Kessler Syndrome, first suggested by NASA scientist Donald Kessler in 1978. The Tiangong incident is not an uncommon case. In 2021, a piece of debris from a 2007 anti-satellite test narrowly missed the International Space Station, forcing its crew to take shelter in their docked spacecraft. “We’re entering a phase where space operations are becoming increasingly risky,” says Holger Krag, head of the European Space Agency’s Space Safety Programme. Several solutions have been put forward to tackle the debris problem. These include active debris removal missions, which use robots or nets to collect and deorbit junk; designing satellites to be more easily deorbited at the end of their missions; and carrying out stricter international regulations on space activities. However, these measures face significant technical, financial, and political challenges. The Tiangong astronauts returned safely to Earth, but their experience serves as a wake-up call. As more countries and private companies venture into space, the need for a comprehensive, global approach to space debris management has never been more urgent (迫切的). Without action, the very orbits that enable modern life — from GPS navigation to weather forecasting — could become too dangerous to use. 28．(2.5分)Why was the return delayed? A．The craft ran out of fuel. B．Mission time was increased. C．Landing site was changed. D．Window cracks caused dangers. 29．(2.5分)What can lead to Kessler Syndrome according to the passage? A．Frequent space collisions. B．Unexpected star movements. C．Slow speed of space junk. D．Old satellites falling to Earth. 30．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “tackle” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Create. B．Solve. C．Ignore. D．Discover. 31．(2.5分)How does the author feel about the space debris? A．Quite positive. B．Deeply concerned. C．Doubtful of its risks. D．Excited about challenges. 【答案】28．D 29．A 30．B 31．B 【导语】文章通过天宫空间站因太空碎片导致返回舱窗口裂纹而延迟返回的事件，介绍了太空碎片的危害、凯斯勒综合征的形成机制，以及当前面临的紧迫性和应对挑战。 【详解】28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“On November 4, 2025, the astronauts aboard the Tiangong space station spotted cracks on their return capsule’s (太空舱) viewport window. Guessing that they were caused by tiny pieces of space debris (残骸), the ground team soon carried out analyses and experiments, and finally decided that they posed safety risks and pushed the return back. (2025年11月4日，天宫空间站上的宇航员在返回舱的舷窗上发现了裂纹。地面团队推测这些裂纹是由微小的太空碎片造成的，随即展开分析和实验，最终认定存在安全隐患，决定推迟返回任务)”可知，窗户上的裂缝带来了危险，导致了返回的推迟。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Each new satellite increases the chance of collisions, leading to the generation of more debris — an effect known as the Kessler Syndrome (每颗新卫星都会增加碰撞的可能性，从而产生更多的碎片——这种现象被称为凯斯勒综合征)”可知，频繁的太空碰撞会导致凯斯勒综合征的发生。 30．词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Several solutions have been put forward (已经提出了几种解决方案)”和下文“These include active debris removal missions, which use robots or nets to collect and deorbit junk; designing satellites to be more easily deorbited at the end of their missions; and carrying out stricter international regulations on space activities(这些举措包括：主动碎片清除任务 —— 利用机器人或网具收集太空垃圾并使其脱离轨道；设计在任务结束后更易于脱离轨道的卫星；以及针对太空活动执行更为严格的国际法规)”等具体应对措施可知，这些方案都是为了“解决”碎片问题，tackle意为“处理，解决”，与Solve意思相近。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As more countries and private companies venture into space, the need for a comprehensive, global approach to space debris management has never been more urgent (迫切的). Without action, the very orbits that enable modern life — from GPS navigation to weather forecasting — could become too dangerous to use. (随着越来越多的国家和私营企业涉足太空，对太空碎片进行全面、全球性的管理的需求比以往任何时候都更加紧迫。如果不采取行动，那些支撑现代生活——从GPS导航到天气预报——所依赖的轨道可能会变得过于危险而无法使用。)”可知，这里强调解决太空碎片问题的紧迫性，以及不采取行动带来的严重后果，可推知作者对该问题深感担忧。 （本题10分）Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸). When scientists recorded a humpback whale contact call, known as a “whup”, and played it underwater around their research boat, it was eye-opening for them to find a whale named Twain became a more than willing participant in the call-and-response exchange. Scientists produced a whup call. Twain would then respond with her own whup call to them. This was described as “conversation” in a PeerJ paper. “It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call when other creatures come together or just to signal that they are in a certain location,” says Josephine Hubbard, an animal behaviorist with Whale SETI. In this case, it was as if Twain was either saying “hello” to scientists or “I’m over here.” But in both instances, she was responding to and engaging with whale signals that humans produced. She circled around the scientists’ boat and produced more signals before leaving. “What’s cool about her is that she could have left at any point, as it wasn’t an environment where she couldn’t leave, so she was choosing to be close to us,” said Hubbard. Humpback whales also produced “bubble (气泡) rings” close to boats suggesting that they were being playful and doing it in a relaxed manner. All the findings showed humpback whales enjoyed friendly encounters with humans. Of course, whether whales want to communicate with humans varies by the nature of the whale and by the situation. Just like some humans are more outgoing than others, this could also be true for whales, although this would need more research to understand. 32．(2.5分)What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To explain a new concept. B．To lead into the topic. C．To prove the researchers’ opinions. D．To show the popularity of humpback whales. 33．(2.5分)What may Hubbard agree with? A．Whales’ calls mean that danger is coming. B．Twain was forced to stay and respond to humans. C．The “whup” call is a greeting or location signal. D．It is impossible to understand whales’ real feelings. 34．(2.5分)Why did humpback whales produce “bubble rings” to boats? A．To show playfulness and relaxation. B．To show their sense of hunger. C．To warn humans to leave the sea area. D．To hunt fish near the research boats. 35．(2.5分)What is the passage mainly about? A．Ways to protect humpback whales in nature. B．Different kinds of calls made by large whales. C．The living habits of humpback whales in the ocean. D．Research on human-humpback whale communication. 【答案】32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D 【导语】本文主要讲的是科研团队实验发现，座头鲸可以回应人类播放的鲸类叫声，愿意和人类进行友好互动，但鲸鱼交流意愿存在个体差异，仍需更多研究。 【详解】32．推理判断题。根据第一段“Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸).(每一种鲸鱼都拥有独特的交流系统，同一物种的不同种群之间，这套系统往往还存在差异。由于人类一直在研究、观察这类交流方式，一个问题随之产生：人类是否有一天能和鲸鱼开展声音互动？为寻找答案，鲸类搜寻地外文明（Whale-SETI）团队的研究人员，一直在探索座头鲸与人类之间的交流。)”可知，第一段的主要作用是引出本文探讨的核心话题——人类与座头鲸的交流研究。 33．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中Hubbard的原话“It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call when other creatures come together or just to signal that they are in a certain location(这种叫声大致可以理解成‘你好’，或是某种碰面时的问候声，也可能只是用来示意自己所在的位置)”可知，她认为这种“whup”叫声大致可以翻译为“你好”或某种问候，或者是用来表明它们所在位置的信号。 34．推理判断题。根据文章第四段首句“Humpback whales also produced “bubble (气泡) rings” close to boats suggesting that they were being playful and doing it in a relaxed manner.(座头鲸还会在船只附近制造“气泡环”，这表明它们心情放松，在嬉戏玩耍。)”可知，座头鲸在船附近吐气泡环表明它们很调皮（playful），并且处于一种放松的状态（relaxed manner）。这与A选项（为了表现出调皮和放松）一致。 35．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸).(由于人类一直在研究、观察这类交流方式，一个问题随之产生：人类是否有一天能和鲸鱼开展声音互动？为寻找答案，鲸类搜寻地外文明（Whale-SETI）团队的研究人员，一直在探索座头鲸与人类之间的交流。)”可知，本文主要讲的是关于人类与座头鲸之间交流的研究。 （本题12.5分）We all know that our dogs have feelings, and that they can be happy or sad. But, do dogs actually cry real tears when they get sad? Dogs are highly sensitive pets, and they experience a variety of emotions, just like humans. 36(2.5分) They might just have watery eyes. As far as scientists know, humans are the only species that cry for emotional reasons. Dogs do “cry” when they’re sad. However, dogs use voices to express feelings rather than having watery eyes. They begin doing this at a young age by crying out for their moms when in trouble. 37(2.5分) As they get older, dogs may continue this whining (哀鸣) when sad. Once they have matured, dogs consider their human owners to be the pack leader, or mother figure, and will direct their whining or crying towards them. Many specialists believe dogs suffering from separation anxiety will whine for their mothers. 38(2.5分) 39(2.5分) They can also be sad, in pain or attempting to let you know that they’re feeling uncomfortable or want something. Also, dogs may howl (嗥叫) occasionally, which is just another form of “crying”. In fact, many experts believe that howling is a dog’s ultimate expression of sadness. If dogs don’t produce emotional tears, why do they tear up at all? Studies show there is oftentimes a medical reason behind dogs having tears. 40(2.5分) A dog’s tear ducts (泪管) work somewhat differently. For dogs, the tears or liquid will flow back into the throat and nose rather than from the eyes. A．This is because dogs are social animals. B．However, no science proves dogs cry for sadness. C．Separation anxiety isn’t the only cause of dogs whining. D．Similarly, when sad, they go to their parent-like person. E．Virtually, that may be a sign of a serious health condition. F．The reasons for dogs crying or howling are exactly the same. G．They learn to make distinct sounds that can be recognized instantly. 【答案】36．B 37．G 38．D 39．C 40．E 【导语】文章主要探讨狗狗是否会因为悲伤流下真正的眼泪，介绍狗狗表达情绪的方式以及狗狗流泪背后的医学原因。 【详解】36．根据前文“Dogs are highly sensitive pets, and they experience a variety of emotions, just like humans.(狗是高度敏感的宠物，和人类一样，它们会体会各种各样的情绪。)”以及后文“They might just have watery eyes. As far as scientists know, humans are the only species that cry for emotional reasons.(它们可能只是眼睛湿润。据科学家所知，人类是唯一会因情绪而哭泣的物种。)”可知，前文讲到狗狗有各类情绪，后文说明狗狗不会因悲伤落泪，可推理出空白处说的是狗不会因情绪而哭泣，B选项“However, no science proves dogs cry for sadness.(然而，没有科学证据证明狗会因为悲伤哭泣。)”承接前后文，符合语境。 37．根据前文“They begin doing this at a young age by crying out for their moms when in trouble.(它们很小的时候遇到麻烦就会向妈妈哭喊来表达情绪。)”以及后文“As they get older, dogs may continue this whining (哀鸣) when sad.(随着年龄增长，狗狗难过的时候会继续发出这种哀鸣。)”可知，此处讲述狗狗从小到大通过发声表达情绪，可推理出空白处说的是狗学会了能够被识别的表达情绪的声音，G选项“They learn to make distinct sounds that can be recognized instantly.(它们学会发出可以被立刻识别的不同声音。)”承接前后，符合语境。 38．根据前文“Many specialists believe dogs suffering from separation anxiety will whine for their mothers.(许多专家认为患有分离焦虑的狗狗会向着自己的母亲哀鸣。)”可知，此处讲狗狗会向母亲哀鸣，可推理出空白处说的是当它们难过的时候会求助于人，D选项“Similarly, when sad, they go to their parent‑like person.(同样，当它们难过时，会去找像父母一样的人。)”承接上文，其中“parent‑like person”指代上文中的human owners，符合语境。 39．根据后文“They can also be sad, in pain or attempting to let you know that they’re feeling uncomfortable or want something.(它们也可能是悲伤、身体疼痛，或是试图告诉你它们感到不舒服或者想要某物。)”可知，后文介绍狗狗哀鸣的多种缘由，可推理出空白处说的是分离焦虑并不是狗狗哀鸣的唯一原因，C选项“Separation anxiety isn’t the only cause of dogs whining.(分离焦虑并不是狗狗哀鸣的唯一原因。)”引出下文多个原因，符合语境。 40．根据前文“Studies show there is oftentimes a medical reason behind dogs having tears.(研究表明狗狗流泪背后往往存在医学方面的原因。)”以及后文“A dog’s tear ducts (泪管) work somewhat differently.(狗的泪管工作方式有所不同。)”可知，此处围绕狗狗流泪的健康问题展开，可推理出空白处说的是狗流泪可能是健康问题的信号，E选项“Virtually, that may be a sign of a serious health condition.(事实上，那可能是严重健康问题的信号。)”承接前文的医学原因，符合语境。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）The moment the steel door of the submarine 41 shut, Dr. Elena Vance felt her heart race with a mixture of excitement and fear. After years of 42 she was finally going down to explore the Mariana Trench — the deepest point on Earth, a place where sunlight had never 43 . The heavy weight of the ocean above them grew with each passing minute. “Pressure increasing,” her co-pilot Marco announced, his voice strangely 44 despite the danger surrounding them. At 2,000 meters, the ocean around them turned from blue to 45 black. The only light came from the submarine’s powerful spotlights, 46 the endless darkness like knives. Schools of strange fish darted away, their silver bodies flashing briefly before disappearing. Suddenly, Marco 47 . On the sonar (声呐), a massive shadow was approaching — something far larger than any creature in their 48 records. Elena’s hands 49 on the controls. The shadow circled them twice, then 50 into the unknown depths below leaving no trace. “That was no ordinary shark,” Marco whispered, his face pale. They continued their 51 , but the atmosphere in the small cabin had changed. At 6,000 meters under the lights, something extraordinary 52 before their eyes: the remains of what appeared to be an ancient structure, covered in 53 coral that glowed with a green or red light. Elena 54 to take photos, but the moment she took out her camera, the submarine shook violently. A powerful current had 55 them, dragging the submarine deeper into the darkness. “We’re losing control!” Marco shouted. In that terrifying moment, Elena realized that some mysteries of the deep were never meant to be disturbed. 41．(1分)A．abruptly B．powerfully C．tightly D．gradually 42．(1分)A．ambition B．commitment C．preparation D．devotion 43．(1分)A．reached B．reflected C．spread D．extended 44．(1分)A．calm B．quiet C．excited D．nervous 45．(1分)A．permanent B．sudden C．familiar D．absolute 46．(1分)A．going across B．tearing down C．passing through D．cutting through 47．(1分)A．hesitated B．froze C．complained D．sighed 48．(1分)A．previous B．specific C．temporary D．published 49．(1分)A．lay B．knocked C．tightened D．rested 50．(1分)A．sank B．jumped C．escaped D．disappeared 51．(1分)A．exploration B．voyage C．operation D．journey 52．(1分)A．faded B．evolved C．unfolded D．proceeded 53．(1分)A．ancient B．living C．delicate D．existing 54．(1分)A．pretended B．managed C．refused D．attempted 55．(1分)A．pushed B．followed C．answered D．seized 【答案】 41．C 42．C 43．A 44．A 45．D 46．D 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．D 51．A 52．C 53．B 54．D 55．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了Elena博士潜入马里亚纳海沟探险时遭遇未知生物与神秘遗迹的惊险历程。 【详解】41．考查副词。句意：潜艇的钢制舱门刚一紧紧关上，Elena Vance博士就感到自己的心脏因兴奋与恐惧交织而狂跳起来。A. abruptly突然地；B. powerfully有力地；C. tightly紧紧地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据上文“The moment the steel door of the submarine”可知，潜艇下潜前舱门必须“紧紧”关闭以确保密封安全。 42．考查名词。句意：经过多年的准备，她终于下潜去探索地球最深点——马里亚纳海沟，一个阳光从未抵达的地方。A. ambition野心；B. commitment承诺；C. preparation准备；D. devotion奉献。根据上文“After years of”和下文“she was finally going down to explore the Mariana Trench”可知，此次深海探险经过了长期筹备。 43．考查动词。句意：经过多年的准备，她终于下潜去探索地球最深点——马里亚纳海沟，一个阳光从未抵达的地方。A. reached抵达；B. reflected反射；C. spread传播；D. extended延伸。根据上文“explore the Mariana Trench — the deepest point on Earth, a place where sunlight had never”及科学常识可知，阳光无法穿透至马里亚纳海沟的深度。 44．考查形容词。句意：“压力正在增加，”她的副驾驶Marco报告道，尽管周围危机四伏，他的声音却异常平静。A. calm平静的；B. quiet安静的；C. excited兴奋的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“despite the danger surrounding them”可知，despite表示转折，危险环绕，但他情绪平稳。 45．考查形容词。句意：在2000米深处，周围的海洋从蓝色变成了绝对的漆黑。A. permanent永久的；B. sudden突然的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. absolute完全的。根据上文“a place where sunlight had never”和下文“The only light came from the submarine’s powerful spotlights”可知，阳光无法穿透至马里亚纳海沟，唯一的光线来自潜艇强大的聚光灯，深海是一片彻底的黑暗。 46．考查动词短语。句意：唯一的光线来自潜艇强大的聚光灯，像刀子一样劈开无尽的黑暗。A. going across穿过；B. tearing down拆除；C. passing through通过；D. cutting through切开，冲破。根据下文“the endless darkness like knives”可知，此处形容光束劈开黑暗的场景。 47．考查动词。句意：突然，Marco僵住了。A. hesitated犹豫；B. froze僵住；C. complained抱怨；D. sighed叹息。根据下文“On the sonar (声呐), a massive shadow was approaching — something far larger than any creature in their ______ records”声呐显示有巨大阴影逼近可知，他在震惊下瞬间僵住。 48．考查形容词。句意：声呐上出现了一个巨大的阴影——比他们以往任何记录中的生物都要大得多。A. previous以前的，以往的；B. specific具体的；C. temporary暂时的；D. published已发布的。根据“far larger than any creature in their... records”可知，是指过往的记录中没有记载过如此大的生物。 49．考查动词。句意：Elena的双手紧紧攥住了操纵杆。A. lay放置；B. knocked敲击；C. tightened抓紧，使变紧；D. rested休息。根据下文“on the controls”可知，面对突发危险，人在紧张时会本能地“握紧”控制器。 50．考查动词。句意：那阴影绕着他们盘旋了两圈，随后消失在下方未知的深处，没有留下任何痕迹。A. sank下沉；B. jumped跳跃；C. escaped逃离；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“into the unknown depths below leaving no trace”可知，神秘生物最后“消失”在深渊中。 51．考查名词。句意：他们继续他们的探索，但狭小舱内的气氛已然改变。A. exploration探索；B. voyage航行；C. operation操作；D. journey旅程。根据上文“explore the Mariana Trench”可知，他们是来进行科学“探索”的。 52．考查动词。句意：在6000米深的灯光下，非同寻常的景象在他们眼前铺展开来：一处疑似古老建筑的遗迹残骸，上面覆盖着发着绿光或红光的活体珊瑚。A. faded褪色；B. evolved进化；C. unfolded展现，展开；D. proceeded继续进行。根据下文“the remains of what appeared to be an ancient structure, covered in ______ coral that glowed with a green or red light”可知，原本隐藏在黑暗中的景象逐渐“展现”在眼前。 53．考查形容词。句意：在6000米深的灯光下，非同寻常的景象在他们眼前铺展开来：一处疑似古老建筑的遗迹残骸，上面覆盖着发着绿光或红光的活体珊瑚。A. ancient古老的；B. living活的；C. delicate精致的；D. existing现有的。根据下文“coral that glowed with a green or red light”可知，这些珊瑚是具有生命特征的“活体”珊瑚。 54．考查动词。句意：Elena试图拍照，但她刚拿出相机，潜艇便剧烈震动起来。A. pretended假装；B. managed设法做成；C. refused拒绝；D. attempted尝试。根据下文“to take photos, but the moment she took out her camera, the submarine shook violently”可知，她只是“试图”拍照，还没来得及拍就发生了意外。 55．考查动词。句意：一股强大的暗流卷住了他们，将潜艇拖向更深处的黑暗。A. pushed推；B. followed跟随；C. answered回答；D. seized抓住，俘获。根据下文“dragging the submarine deeper”可知，暗流将潜艇拖向更深处的黑暗，说明暗流抓住或裹挟住了潜艇。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tea plants may one day become 56(1.5分) valuable resource for sustaining humans on the Moon. Researchers from the University of Kent have explored if tea can grow in lunar soil, 57(1.5分) could help support future astronauts living and working there. A similar test was also carried out using soil that simulates the surface of Mars for comparison. In the experiment, tea saplings (树苗) were planted in soils designed to copy those of the Moon and Mars under 58(1.5分) (careful) controlled conditions. Over several 59(1.5分) (week), the plants grown in the lunar soil simulant performed as well as those in the Earth soil control group, while the Martian soil simulant group 60(1.5分) (show) no growth. The results suggest that lunar soil may be suitable for certain crops, a 61(1.5分) (find) which offers hope for growing fresh food during long space missions. As humans plan 62(1.5分) (establish) bases on the Moon, achieving food independence becomes essential. Growing crops locally reduces the need for 63(1.5分) (cost) supplies from Earth and promotes astronauts’ physical health. Furthermore, understanding how plants adapt 64(1.5分) nutrient-poor lunar soil could inspire methods to improve agriculture on Earth, especially in regions 65(1.5分) (affect) by poor soil quality. 【答案】 56．a 57．which 58．carefully 59．weeks 60．showed 61．finding 62．to establish 63．costly 64．to 65．affected 【导语】本文主要介绍了一项科研实验：研究人员探究茶树能否在月球土壤中生长，证实月壤适宜茶树生长，这为月球基地太空种植农作物、实现食物自给以及改良地球贫瘠土地农业提供了新思路。 【详解】56．考查冠词。句意：茶树有朝一日可能成为人类在月球上生存的一种宝贵资源。resource为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一种宝贵的资源”，valuable是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词a修饰。 57．考查定语从句。句意：肯特大学的研究人员探究了茶树能否在月球土壤中生长，这可能有助于为未来在月球生活和工作的宇航员提供支持。本句为非限制性定语从句，空格处指代前文整句话内容，且在从句中作主语，只能用关系代词which。 58．考查副词。句意：在实验中，茶树树苗在严格受控的条件下，被种植在模拟月球和火星土质的土壤中。此处修饰形容词controlled，需用副词形式carefully“严格地、仔细地”。 59．考查名词单复数。句意：数周以来，种植在模拟月球土壤中的植物长势与地球土壤对照组的植物一样好,而模拟火星土壤组的植物毫无生长迹象。several后接可数名词复数形式，week的复数形式为weeks。 60．考查动词时态。句意同上。本文介绍实验过程，整体时态为一般过去时，此处谓语动词需用过去式，show的过去式为showed。 61．考查名词。句意：该结果表明月球土壤可能适合某些农作物生长，这一发现为长期太空任务中种植新鲜食物带来了希望。空前有不定冠词a修饰，此处需填可数名词单数，find对应的名词形式为finding（发现）。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着人类计划在月球建立基地，实现食物自给变得至关重要。固定搭配plan to do sth.，意为“计划做某事”，此处需用不定式形式。 63．考查形容词。句意：就地种植农作物可以减少从地球补给物资的高昂开销，并促进宇航员的身体健康。此处修饰名词supplies，需用形容词作定语，cost的形容词形式costly表示“昂贵的、代价高的”。 64．考查介词。句意：此外，了解植物如何适应养分贫瘠的月球土壤，有助于研发改善地球农业的方法。固定搭配adapt to，意为“适应”，to是介词。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：尤其是在土壤质量贫瘠的地区。此处修饰名词regions，regions与affect之间为被动关系，需用过去分词作后置定语。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）你校英语报开设了“Learning to Observe”栏目。请用英语写一篇黄豆芽（soybean sprouts）生长观察日记，并向该栏目投稿，内容包括: 1.观察过程； 2.你的体会。 注意： 1.词数80个左右； 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 In order to learn how soybeans grow into soybean sprouts, I grew some by myself. And here is my observation. When high-quality soybeans have been kept in clean water for ten hours, they begin to become soft and their colour becomes lighter. Then, when they are put in a container and kept in a place where there is no sunlight for one day, soft small buds start to appear. During the following three days, the buds gradually become longer and longer. On the fourth day, the buds completely grow into mature soybean sprouts. Watching the growth of soybean sprouts is a pleasure and I enjoy this process of observation. 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以学生的身份，向校英语报“Learning to Observe”栏目投稿，用英语写一篇黄豆芽生长观察日记，描述观察过程并分享个人体会。 【详解】1.词汇积累 种植：grow→raise 出现：appear→emerge/show up 成熟的：mature→ripe/fully-grown 完全：completely→entirely 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：On the fourth day, the buds completely grow into mature soybean sprouts. 拓展句：It is on the fourth day that the buds completely grow into mature soybean sprouts. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When high-quality soybeans have been kept in clean water for ten hours, they begin to become soft and their colour becomes lighter. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句，以及keep+宾语+宾补结构的被动形式) 【高分句型2】Then, when they are put in a container and kept in a place where there is no sunlight for one day, soft small buds start to appear. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句，以及where引导的定语从句) 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex and Gaby had been good friends since childhood. They loved adventures and often helped wild animals in trouble together. On a sunny Saturday morning, they decided to explore a small forest near their town — a place no one in their neighborhood had ever fully explored. They packed some water, snacks, matches, candles, a simple map and first-aid supplies, laughing and talking as they walked into the thick trees. The air in the forest was filled with the smell of trees and wet soil, and crickets (蟋蟀)made soft sounds around them, making the forest feel inviting. But they never expected what would happen next. At first, everything was wonderful. They saw colorful birds, picked wild fruits and took photos of interesting rocks and the lovely wild animals. But as the afternoon went on, the sky turned dark, and a heavy rain started to pour down. They tried to find their way back, but the map they’d drawn themselves was unclear, and all the trees looked the same. Panic began to come into their hearts when they realized they were lost. They walked for a long time in the rain, their shoes dirty and their energy running out. Just when they were about to give up, Gaby noticed a small, old wooden house hidden behind some tall trees. "Look! We can stay there to wait for the rain to stop,” he said, pulling Alex towards it. The house looked unused, with broken windows and overgrown grass around it. Alex hesitated, feeling a little scared. But he followed Gaby. They walked to the door and pushed it hard — it made a loud sound and opened. Inside, the big room was dark. Then, they took out matches, lit the candle and started walking into the room slowly. They found that the room was so dirty, and there were a few broken chairs and an old table. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, a strange sound came from behind some wood in a corner of the room. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gaby and Alex decided to save the injured fox at once. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Suddenly, a strange sound came from behind some wood in a corner of the room. Alex held the candle high and they walked towards the corner with great fear. Behind the wood, they found a small fox lying there. For some reason, its leg was badly hurt and bleeding. “Poor thing!” Gaby cried. Then, they carefully placed the fox on the old table and checked its wound. The fox made a low, scared sound. Seeing that the fox was in great pain, Alex said that they should be more careful. The rain was still heavy outside, but their attention was now on the suffering animal. Gaby and Alex decided to save the injured fox at once. Gaby said, “We need to stop the bleeding.” He took out the first-aid supplies from the bag, cleaned the cut and wrapped it with a clean cloth. The fox cried softly but stayed still. Half an hour later, the rain stopped. It was easy for them to find the way back. They carried the fox carefully and walked back to their town. They found an animal doctor to help the fox. Though tired, they felt proud because they thought helping was always worth it. 【导语】本文以野外探险为线索展开，讲述好友亚历克斯和加比深入未探明森林探险，突遇暴雨迷路，意外发现一间废弃木屋，在木屋内遭遇意外状况的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ① 由第一段首句可知，本段需先描写二人恐惧探寻声源，发现受伤流血的狐狸，简单观察狐狸伤情，转移注意力不再担忧迷路淋雨。 ② 由第二段首句可知，本段需围绕救助决定展开：描写二人利用随身急救包处理伤口、雨停后返程、寻找兽医救治狐狸，最后抒发助人救兽的内心感悟。 2. 续写线索 闻声恐惧探寻声源——发现受伤流血狐狸——初步查看狐狸伤情——使用急救包包扎止血——雨停结伴返程——求助兽医救治狐狸——感悟救助生命的意义 3.词类激活 行为类 ①大叫：cry/shout/yell ②放置：place/position ③停止：stop/cease 情绪类 ①恐惧：fear/horror ②害怕的：scared/frightened 【点睛】【高分句型1】Seeing that the fox was in great pain, Alex said that they should be more careful. （运用了现在分词作状语和两个that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Though tired, they felt proud because they thought helping was always worth it.（运用了状语从句的省略，because引导的原因状语从句以及省略连接词that的宾语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $