Units 1-2 第一次月考之单词、短语、语法、句型综合练习100题 2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上册

2026-09-24
| 13页
| 642人阅读
| 17人下载
豆苗老师英语培优
进店逛逛

内容正文:

Units 1-2 第一次月考之单词、短语、语法、句型综合练习100题(2026-2027学年度·新教材译林版·九年级英语·上册) 班级:______ 姓名:______ 学号:______ 分数:______ (时间:60分钟 满分:120分) 一、单句语法填空:用所给单词的适当形式或所给选项填空(本大题共40小题,每小题1分,共40分) 1 Both Tom and I ______ (be) interested in computer science. 2 Neither my sister nor I ______ (like) pop music. 3 Not only the students but also the teacher ______ (be) excited about the trip. 4 Either you or he ______ (have) to hand in the report. 5 I think ______ our life will be better and better. 6 I don't know ______ he will come to the party. 7 Can you tell me ______ I should do next? 8 Could you tell me where the new library ______ (be)? 9 Our teacher told us that the earth ______ (move) around the sun. 10 He decided ______ (join) the school band. 11 I'm happy ______ (hear) the good news. 12 Our teacher encourages us ______ (read) more books. 13 It is important ______ (take) exercise every day. 14 Keep ______ (practise) and you will do better. 15 We should stop ______ (waste) water. 16 You had better ______ (finish) your homework first. 17 Let us ______ (start) our discussion now. 18 Our teacher made us ______ (hand) in the report on time. 19 My father usually ______ (get) up at six o'clock. 20 We ______ (visit) the science museum last Friday. 21 My hometown ______ (change) a lot over the past ten years. 22 This kind of paper ______ (make) from wood. 23 The new teaching building ______ (build) last year. 24 You should ______ (be) polite to your teachers. 25 ______ (not be) too hard on yourself, Lucy. 26 My new classmate is much ______ (friendly) than me. 27 Of all the students, Li Ming works ______ (hard). 28 There are three ______ (photo) on the wall. 29 This is my ______ (brother) schoolbag. 30 ______ (we) class teacher is very kind to us. 31 He is too young to look after ______ (he). 32 Is there ______ (something) new in today's newspaper? 33 My uncle is ______ (a, an) engineer. 34 ______ (a, the) boy in blue is my cousin. 35 Please listen ______ (to, at) me carefully. 36 He is good ______ (at, in) English. 37 ______ (be) there any good news? 38 Twelve ______ (hundred) students are in our school. 39 The students are working ______ (careful) on the maths problems. 40 We are ______ (excite) about the coming sports meeting. 二、根据汉语提示填写单词(本大题共25小题,每小题1分,共25分) 41 Li Ming is a very ______(有条理的)student. He plans everything well. 42 Our English teacher often gives us ______(有创造力的)tasks. 43 A good teacher should be ______(有耐心的)with every student. 44 Children are always ______(好奇的)about the world around them. 45 My little brother is very ______(精力充沛的). He never feels tired. 46 Tom is ______(谦虚的)about his good grades. 47 We should think of some ______(实际的)ways to solve the problem. 48 A good monitor should be ______(有责任心的)and kind. 49 We all admire the old man for his ______(智慧). 50 Her ______(性格)is quite different from her sister's. 51 Zhang Hua is the ______(领导者)of our group. 52 Every student has a ______(任务)to finish in the class meeting. 53 Every student should set a clear ______(目标)for the new term. 54 Honesty is an important ______(品质)of a good friend. 55 ______(十几岁的)problems are common among middle school students. 56 My cousin was ______(生气的)with me for breaking his cup. 57 Our maths teacher is ______(严格的)with us. 58 Many students feel ______(焦虑的)before an important exam. 59 Learning a language needs a lot of ______(耐心). 60 It is not easy to make the right ______(决定)by yourself. 61 Students need the support and ______(指导)of their parents. 62 The two boys had an ______(争论)about the rules of the game. 63 ______(诚实)is the best policy. 64 We should never ______(欺负)weaker classmates. 65 Too much ______(压力)is bad for our health. 三、情境语篇填空:用括号内单词的适当形式或所给选项完成下面的小故事(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分) 阅读下面这则由李梅讲述的关于同学张华的小故事,在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式或所给选项中最恰当的一项。 Zhang Hua is a Grade 9 student in Nanjing. He has many problems with his studies. He ______66______ (not know) what to do about them. He has too many ______67______ (story) to remember, and he often stays up late. Last week he went to see his class teacher ______68______ (tell) her about his problems. "______69______ (talk) with your parents or teachers is really helpful," the teacher said. ______70______ (in, at) the age of fifteen, Zhang Hua began to have trouble with his studies. He tried his best, ______71______ (and, but) his grades did not improve much. His mother often talks with ______72______ (he) and tells him to take it easy. "You ______73______ (must not) be afraid of making mistakes," his teacher said. "______74______ (how often) do you feel worried?" "Almost every day," Zhang Hua answered. Now he is as ______75______ (happy) as before. 四、创意情境选择:联系生活实际,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项(本大题共5小题,每小题1分,共5分) 【情境】 Zhang Hua is talking with his friend Li Mei after class. Zhang Hua: I feel so stressed these days. I don't know what to do. Li Mei: Why don't you ______76______ with your parents? Zhang Hua: I'm afraid of ______77______ with them about my grades. Li Mei: I think ______78______ is the best way. Your parents will understand you. Zhang Hua: You are right. But I'm also worried about the exam next week. Li Mei: Don't be too worried. ______79______ you work hard, you will do better. Zhang Hua: Thanks a lot for your ______80______. Li Mei: You're welcome. Let's face the problems together. 76 A. to talk B. talking C. talk D. talked 77 A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked 78 A. communicate B. communication C. to communicate D. communicated 79 A. If B. Though C. Because D. So 80 A. help B. helps C. helping D. helped 五、完成句子:根据汉语提示完成句子,每空一词(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分) 81 我们应当把书桌收拾整齐。 We should ______ our desks ______ ______ ______. 82 他想出了一个解决这个问题的好办法。 He ______ ______ ______ a good way to solve the problem. 83 我们应当支持我们的朋友。 We should ______ ______ ______ our friends. 84 我们应当按高标准做好每一件事。 We should do everything ______ ______ ______. 85 上课时请注意听老师讲。 Please ______ ______ ______ the teacher in class. 86 别让这次考试的结果使你沮丧。 Don't let the result of the exam ______ you ______. 87 在任何时候我们都应当诚实。 We should be honest ______ ______ ______. 88 她用她那件新裙子给同学们留下了深刻的印象。 She ______ her classmates ______ her new dress. 89 他致力于帮助那些贫困的孩子。 He ______ ______ ______ helping the poor children. 90 我们班长在学习上总是带头。 Our monitor always ______ ______ ______ in his studies. 91 如果你不努力,你就会落后。 If you don't work hard, you will ______ ______. 92 他喜欢在别人面前炫耀他的新手机。 He likes to ______ ______ his new mobile phone before others. 93 我们应当对自己的行为负责。 We should ______ ______ ______ our own behaviour. 94 读书是提高自己的好办法。 Reading is a good way to ______ ______. 95 弟弟的吵闹声快把我逼疯了。 My little brother's noise almost ______ me ______. 96 考试前他情绪低落,需要我们的帮助。 He was ______ ______ ______ before the exam and needed our help. 97 医生建议他减少玩电脑游戏的时间。 The doctor advised him to ______ ______ ______ computer games. 98 遇到困难时,你最好向老师和同学寻求帮助。 When you meet problems, you had better ______ ______ ______ from your teachers and classmates. 99 他的父母对他失去了耐心。 His parents ______ ______ with him. 100 我们应当学会自己处理问题。 We should learn to ______ ______ problems by ourselves. 参考答案与解析 一、单句语法填空(第1-40题) 1 are(考点:both...and... 连接主语时的主谓一致。解析:both...and... 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;此处主语是 Both Tom and I,故用 are。) 2 like(考点:neither...nor... 连接主语时的就近原则。解析:neither...nor... 连接主语时,谓语与最靠近它的主语保持一致;此处靠近谓语的是 I,故用动词原形 like。) 3 is(考点:not only...but also... 连接主语时的就近原则。解析:not only...but also... 连接主语时,谓语与最靠近它的主语保持一致;此处靠近谓语的是 the teacher,是单数,故用 is。) 4 has(考点:either...or... 连接主语时的就近原则。解析:either...or... 连接主语时,谓语与最靠近它的主语保持一致;此处靠近谓语的是 he,是第三人称单数,故用 has。) 5 that(考点:宾语从句由 that 引导。解析:that 引导陈述句作宾语从句,只起连接作用,在口语和非正式文体中常可省略,口语中 that 引导的宾语从句可省略,但本题为填空题,that 必须填写) 6 whether / if(考点:宾语从句由 whether 或 if 引导。解析:从句意为"他是否会来参加聚会",表示"是否",用 whether 或 if 引导;if 一般不直接和 ornot 连用;whether 可以搭配 ornot。本句无 ornot,if、whether 两个答案均可。) 7 what(考点:宾语从句由疑问词引导。解析:从句意为"我下一步应该做什么",what 在从句中作动词 do 的宾语,故用 what 而不用 that。) 8 is(考点:宾语从句必须用陈述语序。解析:宾语从句的语序是"连接词 + 主语 + 谓语",主语 the new library 在前,be 动词在后,故填 is,不能写成 where is the new library。) 9 moves(考点:宾语从句中表示客观真理用一般现在时。解析:主句 told 虽然是过去时,但从句 the earth moves around the sun 是客观真理,仍用一般现在时;主语 the earth 是第三人称单数,故填 moves。) 10 to join(考点:decide to do sth 句型。解析:decide 后接不定式作宾语,构成为 decide to do sth,故填 to join。) 11 to hear(考点:形容词后接不定式。解析:be happy to do sth 意为"很高兴做某事",形容词 happy 后接不定式作状语,故填 to hear。) 12 to read(考点:encourage sb to do sth 句型。解析:encourage 后接"宾语 + 不定式"作宾语补足语,故填 to read。) 13 to take(考点:It is + 形容词 + to do sth 句型。解析:It 作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式,故填 to take;take exercise 意为"做运动"。) 14 practising(考点:keep doing sth 句型。解析:keep 后接动名词作宾语,表示"一直、不断做某事",故填 practising。) 15 wasting(考点:stop doing sth 句型。解析:stop doing sth 意为"停止做某事";若用 stop to do sth 则表示"停下来去做另一件事",与句意不符,故填 wasting。) 16 finish(考点:had better 后接动词原形。解析:had better do sth 意为"最好做某事",had better 后直接接动词原形,故填 finish。) 17 start(考点:let sb do sth 句型。解析:let 后接"宾语 + 省略 to 的动词原形"作宾语补足语,故填 start。) 18 hand(考点:make sb do sth 句型。解析:使役动词 make 后接"宾语 + 省略 to 的动词原形",故填 hand。) 19 gets(考点:一般现在时的第三人称单数。解析:usually 表示经常性动作,用一般现在时;主语 My father 是第三人称单数,故用 gets。) 20 visited(考点:一般过去时。解析:last Friday 是明确的过去时间状语,用一般过去时,visit 的过去式是 visited。) 21 has changed(考点:现在完成时与 over the past + 时间段连用。解析:over the past ten years 表示"在过去十年里",动作从过去持续到现在,用现在完成时;主语 My hometown 是单数,故用 has changed。) 22 is made(考点:一般现在时的被动语态。解析:主语 This kind of paper 是动作的承受者,用被动语态;陈述客观事实用一般现在时,构成为 am/is/are + 过去分词,故填 is made。) 23 was built(考点:一般过去时的被动语态。解析:主语 The new teaching building 是动作的承受者,且 last year 是明确的过去时间,用 was/were + 过去分词,故填 was built。) 24 be(考点:情态动词 should 后接动词原形。解析:should 是情态动词,后接动词原形,故填 be;be polite to sb 意为"对某人有礼貌"。) 25 Don't be(考点:祈使句的否定形式。解析:祈使句以动词原形开头,其否定形式在动词原形前加 Don't;be 前同样如此,故填 Don't be。) 26 friendlier(考点:形容词的比较级。解析:句中有 than,表示两者比较,用比较级;friendly 以"辅音字母 d + y"结尾,比较级把 y 变成 i 再加 -er,即 friendlier。) 27 hardest(考点:副词的最高级。解析:Of all the students 表示在多个对象中比较,用最高级;hard 的最高级是 hardest,修饰动词 works。) 28 photos(考点:以 o 结尾的名词复数。解析:photo 的复数是 photos,直接在词尾加 -s;前有 three 修饰,用复数形式。) 29 brother's(考点:单数名词的所有格。解析:表示"我弟弟的书包",在单数名词后加 's 构成所有格。) 30 Our(考点:形容词性物主代词。解析:our 是形容词性物主代词,后面必须接名词;位于句首,首字母大写。) 31 himself(考点:反身代词。解析:look after oneself 意为"照顾自己";主语 He 是第三人称单数男性,故用 himself。) 32 anything(考点:不定代词在疑问句中的使用。解析:something 一般用于肯定句,在疑问句和否定句中通常用 anything;形容词 new 要放在不定代词的后面。) 33 an(考点:不定冠词 a 与 an 的选择。解析:engineer 以元音音素开头,故用 an;a 用在以辅音音素开头的词前。) 34 The(考点:定冠词 the 表特指。解析:此处特指"穿蓝色衣服的那个男孩",用定冠词 the,不用不定冠词 a。) 35 to(考点:listen to 短语。解析:listen to sb 意为"听某人说",to 是介词,后接人;listen 是不及物动词,不能直接接宾语。) 36 at(考点:be good at 短语。解析:be good at 意为"擅长",介词只能用 at;be good for 意为"对某物有好处"。) 37 Is(考点:there be 句型的就近一致与不可数名词。解析:There be 句型中 be 动词与后面的名词保持一致;news 是不可数名词,看作单数,故用 Is;句首首字母大写。) 38 hundred(考点:数词 hundred 的用法。解析:hundred 前有具体数字 Twelve 时,只能用单数 hundred,不能加 -s;只有表示概数的 hundreds of 才用复数。) 39 carefully(考点:形容词变副词修饰动词。解析:修饰动词 working 要用副词,careful 加 -ly 构成 carefully。) 40 excited(考点:-ed 形式的形容词描述人的感受。解析:主语 We 是人,表示"感到兴奋的"用 excited;exciting 表示"令人兴奋的",用来修饰事物。) 二、根据汉语提示填写单词(第41-65题) 41 organized(考点:U1 核心词汇 organized。解析:organized 意为"有条理的、有组织的",作定语修饰名词 student;其动词形式为 organize。) 42 creative(考点:U1 核心词汇 creative。解析:creative 意为"有创造力的",修饰名词 tasks 作定语;其动词形式为 create,名词形式为 creativity。) 43 patient(考点:U1 核心词汇 patient。解析:patient 意为"有耐心的",作连系动词 be 的表语;be patient with sb 意为"对某人有耐心"。) 44 curious(考点:U1 核心词汇 curious。解析:curious 意为"好奇的",作连系动词 are 的表语;be curious about sth 意为"对某事物好奇"。) 45 energetic(考点:U1 核心词汇 energetic。解析:energetic 意为"精力充沛的",作连系动词 is 的表语;其名词形式为 energy。) 46 modest(考点:U1 核心词汇 modest。解析:modest 意为"谦虚的",作连系动词 is 的表语;be modest about sth 意为"对某事很谦虚"。) 47 practical(考点:U1 核心词汇 practical。解析:practical 意为"实际的、实用的",修饰名词 ways 作定语;其名词形式为 practice。) 48 responsible(考点:U1 核心词汇 responsible。解析:responsible 意为"有责任心的",作连系动词 be 的表语;其名词形式为 responsibility,be responsible for 意为"对某事负责"。) 49 wisdom(考点:U1 核心词汇 wisdom。解析:wisdom 意为"智慧",是不可数名词;其形容词形式为 wise。) 50 personality(考点:U1 核心词汇 personality。解析:personality 意为"性格、个性",是可数名词;其形容词形式为 personal。) 51 leader(考点:U1 核心词汇 leader。解析:leader 意为"领导者、领袖",是可数名词;其动词形式为 lead。) 52 task(考点:U1 核心词汇 task。解析:task 意为"任务",是可数名词;前有 a 修饰,用单数形式。) 53 goal(考点:U1 核心词汇 goal。解析:goal 意为"目标",是可数名词;前有 a 修饰,用单数形式,set a goal 意为"设定目标"。同族短语 work to high standards 意为"按高标准做事"。) 54 quality(考点:U1 核心词汇 quality。解析:quality 意为"品质、质量",是可数名词;前有 an 修饰,用单数形式。作"品质"讲时复数为 qualities。) 55 Teenage(考点:U2 核心词汇 teenage。解析:teenage 意为"十几岁的",作定语修饰名词 problems;位于句首,首字母大写。) 56 mad(考点:U2 核心词汇 mad。解析:mad 意为"生气的、发疯的",be mad with sb 意为"生某人的气";此处用原级。) 57 strict(考点:U2 核心词汇 strict。解析:strict 意为"严格的",be strict with sb 意为"对某人严格";be strict about sth 意为"对某事严格"。) 58 stressed(考点:U2 核心词汇 stressed。解析:stressed 意为"焦虑的、压力大的",作连系动词 feel 的表语;其名词形式为 stress。) 59 patience(考点:U2 核心词汇 patience。解析:patience 意为"耐心",是不可数名词;其形容词形式为 patient。注意 lose patience 意为"失去耐心"。) 60 decision(考点:U2 核心词汇 decision。解析:decision 意为"决定",是可数名词;make a decision 意为"做决定";其动词形式为 decide。) 61 guidance(考点:U2 核心词汇 guidance。解析:guidance 意为"指导、引导",是不可数名词;support and guidance 意为"支持与指导"。) 62 argument(考点:U2 核心词汇 argument。解析:argument 意为"争论、争吵",是可数名词;have an argument with sb about sth 意为"与某人就某事争论";其动词形式为 argue。) 63 Honesty(考点:U2 核心词汇 honesty。解析:honesty 意为"诚实",是不可数名词,作主语时谓语用单数;位于句首,首字母大写;其形容词形式为 honest。) 64 bully(考点:U2 核心词汇 bully。解析:bully 意为"欺负、欺凌",是动词;should never 后接动词原形,故用 bully。) 65 stress(考点:U2 核心词汇 stress。解析:stress 意为"压力",是不可数名词,作主语时谓语用单数;too much 用来修饰不可数名词。) 三、情境语篇填空(第66-75题) 66 doesn't know(考点:一般现在时第三人称单数的否定式。解析:主语 He 是第三人称单数,否定式用 doesn't + 动词原形,故填 doesn't know。) 67 stories(考点:辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词复数。解析:story 以"辅音字母 r + y"结尾,变复数时把 y 变成 i 再加 -es,故填 stories;前有 many 修饰,用复数形式。) 68 to tell(考点:不定式作目的状语。解析:句中"去看班主任"的目的是"把自己的问题告诉她",用不定式 to tell 作目的状语;tell sb about sth 意为"把某事告诉某人"。) 69 Talking(考点:动名词作主语。解析:动名词短语作主语时谓语用单数 is;talk 变为动名词 Talking,位于句首首字母大写。) 70 At(考点:at the age of 短语。解析:at the age of fifteen 意为"在十五岁时",表示年龄用介词 at;位于句首,首字母大写。) 71 but(考点:转折连词 but。解析:前半句说"尽了最大努力",后半句说"成绩没有提高多少",语意转折,用 but。) 72 him(考点:人称代词宾格。解析:介词 with 后接人称代词宾格,he 的宾格是 him。) 73 mustn't(考点:情态动词 must 的否定式。解析:must not 常缩写为 mustn't,意为"不许、千万不要",其后接动词原形 be。) 74 How often(考点:询问频率的疑问词 How often。解析:How often 意为"多久一次",用来询问频率,答语 Almost every day 正是频率;句首首字母大写。) 75 happy(考点:as...as 结构中间用形容词原级。解析:as + 形容词原级 + as 意为"和某物一样",中间不能用比较级,故填 happy。) 四、创意情境选择(第76-80题) 76 C(考点:Why don't you do sth 提建议的句型。解析:Why don't you 后接动词原形,表示提出建议;A 项是带 to 的不定式,B 项是动名词,D 项是过去式,都不能用在 Why don't you 之后,故选 C。) 77 C(考点:介词后接动名词。解析:be afraid of 中 of 是介词,介词后必须接名词或动名词,故用 talking;A 项是动词原形,B 项是不定式,D 项是过去式,故选 C。) 78 B(考点:名词作主语。解析:此处需要名词作宾语从句的主语,communication 是名词,意为"交流、沟通";A 项是动词原形,C 项是不定式,D 项是过去式,都不能作主语,故选 B。) 79 A(考点:if 引导的条件状语从句。解析:句意为"如果你努力学习,你会做得更好",前后是条件与结果的关系,用 if 引导条件状语从句;B 表让步,C 表原因,D 表结果,均不符合语境,故选 A。) 80 A(考点:help 作不可数名词。解析:Thanks a lot for your help 意为"非常感谢你的帮助",help 在此是不可数名词,不能加 -s,也不能用动词形式;B、C、D 三项词性有误,故选 A。) 五、完成句子(第81-100题) 81 keep; in good order(考点:keep sth in good order 短语,意为"把某物收拾得井井有条";should 后接动词原形。同族短语 put sth in good order 意为"把某物整理好"。) 82 came up with(考点:come up with 短语,意为"想出、提出";句中叙述的是过去发生的事,故用过去式 came。come up with 的宾语常是 idea、way、plan 等。) 83 stand up for(考点:stand up for sb 短语,意为"支持、维护某人";should 后接动词原形,故填 stand up for 三个词。) 84 to high standards(考点:work to high standards 短语,意为"按高标准做事";standards 用复数形式,介词只能用 to。) 85 pay attention to(考点:pay attention to 短语,意为"注意";to 是介词,后接名词或动名词;祈使句以动词原形开头。) 86 get; down(考点:get sb down 短语,意为"使某人沮丧";let sb do sth 中用省略 to 的动词原形,故填 get;down 是副词。) 87 at all times(考点:at all times 短语,意为"在任何时候、一直",作时间状语。) 88 impressed; with(考点:impress sb with sth 短语,意为"用某物给某人留下深刻印象";句中叙述的是过去发生的事,故用过去式 impressed。) 89 devoted himself to(考点:devote oneself to 短语,意为"致力于、献身于";主语 He 是男性单数,故用反身代词 himself;to 是介词,后接名词或动名词;因叙述过去的事,故用过去式 devoted。) 90 takes the lead(考点:take the lead 短语,意为"带头、领先";主语 Our monitor 是第三人称单数,故用 takes。) 91 fall behind(考点:fall behind 短语,意为"落后";will 后接动词原形。) 92 show off(考点:show off 短语,意为"炫耀、卖弄";like to 后接动词原形。) 93 be responsible for(考点:be responsible for 短语,意为"对某事负责";should 后接动词原形 be。) 94 improve oneself(考点:improve oneself 短语,意为"提高自己";oneself 要与句子主语的人称一致。) 95 drove; mad(考点:drive sb mad 短语,意为"把某人逼疯";句中叙述的是过去发生的事,故用过去式 drove。) 96 in low spirits(考点:be in low spirits 短语,意为"情绪低落";介词短语作表语,spirits 常用复数形式。) 97 cut back on(考点:cut back on sth 短语,意为"削减、减少";advise sb to do sth 中 to 后接动词原形。) 98 ask for help(考点:ask for help 短语,意为"寻求帮助";had better 后接动词原形,故填 ask for help 三个词。) 99 lost patience(考点:lose patience 短语,意为"失去耐心";句中讲述的是过去的事,故用过去式 lost;patience 是不可数名词。) 100 deal with(考点:deal with 短语,意为"处理、应对";learn to 后接动词原形;deal with 的宾语常是 problem、trouble 等。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

资源预览图

Units 1-2 第一次月考之单词、短语、语法、句型综合练习100题 2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上册
1
Units 1-2 第一次月考之单词、短语、语法、句型综合练习100题 2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上册
2
Units 1-2 第一次月考之单词、短语、语法、句型综合练习100题 2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上册
3
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。