01 Unit 1 Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension（Word讲义）-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册学生用书（人教版）

Unit 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Period One　Reading and Thinking—Comprehension 【课前自主探究】 Task 1: Text Structure Analysing 1.severe 　2.frustrated 　3.contradictory 　4.infection 　5.subscribed 　6.proof/evidence 　7.had been infected 8.raw waste　9.substantial　10.transformed Task 2: Fast Reading how John Snow solved the problem of cholera Task 3: Careful Reading 1—4 BDCD Task 4: Micro-writing 1.frustrated 　2.for 　3.was caused 　4.proof 5.marking 　6.where 　7.to blame　 8.removed 9.Fortunately 　10.the 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS John Snow John Snow被认为是流行病学最早的创始人之一,同时又是最初研究和计算麻醉药剂量的医生。 John Snow was a British physician. He was born on 15 March, 1813 in York, England. He was the first of nine children born to William and Frances Snow in their North Street home. His neighbourhood was one of the poorest in the city and was always in danger of flooding. His father worked in the local coal yards. Snow studied in York until the age of 14. He graduated from the University of London in December 1844, and was admitted to the Royal College of Physicians in 1850. Snow was one of the first physicians to study and calculate drug doses (剂量) for use in surgical anaesthesia (麻醉). John Snow is considered to be one of the fathers of epidemiology (流行病学) because of his work in tracing the source of a cholera outbreak in Soho, England, in 1854. He used a spot map to illustrate how cases of cholera were centred around the pump. He also made a solid use of statistics to illustrate the connection between the quality of the source of water and cholera cases. He showed that companies taking water from sewage-polluted sections of the Thames delivered water to homes with an increased incidence of cholera. Snow’s study was a major event in the history of public health, and could be regarded as the founding event of the science of epidemiology. At the age of 45, Snow suffered a stroke while working in his London office on 10 June, 1858. He never recovered, died on 16 June, 1858 and was buried in Brompton Cemetery. John Snow was voted the greatest physician of all time in a poll of British doctors in 2003. 【主题词句背诵】 1.in danger of 有……的危险→in danger处于危险之中 2.be admitted to 获准进入;被……录取 3.outbreak n.爆发,突然发生→break out 爆发,突然发生 4.spot map 标点地图 5.illustrate vt.(用示例、图画等)解释,说明 6.deliver sth to sb/a place把某物运送至某人/某地 7.of all time有史以来 Period One　Reading and Thinking—Comprehension Task 1: Text Structure Analysing JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” About cholera and John Snow Cholera, which is a 1.　　　　　　 illness, used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world. When an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, causing millions of deaths, John Snow became 2.　　　　　　. In time, he rose to become famous, always desiring to destroy cholera once and for all  Two 3.　　　　　　 theories explaining how cholera spread  One theory was that bad air caused it. The other was that cholera was caused by an 4.　　　　　　 from germs in food or water, to which John Snow 5.　　　　　　  Finding 6.　　　　　  The water from the Broad Street pump 7.　　　　　　　　 by waste. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by 8.　　　　　　  The results Snow’s tireless efforts led to a 9.　　　　　　 decrease of the threat of cholera around the world,and made people know how to prevent cholera.In his use of maps and statistics, Snow 10.　　　　　　 the way of studying diseases  Task 2: Fast Reading The passage mainly tells us 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.   Task 3: Careful Reading (　)1.Which of the following theories did John Snow subscribe to? A.Cholera was caused by bad air. B.Cholera came from germs in food or water. C.Cholera was caused by free beer. D.Cholera was caused by dirty food. (　)2.What was to blame for the outbreak of cholera in London in 1854? A.Polluted air. B.The water company. C.Beer out of date. D.Polluted water. (　)3.Why did some households have no deaths? A.They didn’t take in bad air. B.They knew how to treat cholera. C.They didn’t drink the water from the pump. D.They drank beer as well as water from the pump. (　)4.How did John Snow find out the cause of cholera? A.By living in the area where cholera broke out. B.By telling the people concerned how to prevent it. C.By saving the people suffering from cholera. D.By marking the victims’ living places clearly on a map. Task 4: Micro-writing In the early 19th century, an outbreak of cholera hit Europe. No one knew how to prevent or treat it. John Snow, a British doctor, felt 1.　　　　 (frustrate). But he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and 2.　　　　　 all. In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread, and Snow subscribed to the second theory that cholera 3.　　　　　　 (cause) by an infection from germs in food or water. It was correct, but 4.　　　　　　 (prove) was still needed. He was determined to find out why.   Snow began by 5.　　　　　　 (mark) on a map the exact places 6.　　　　　　 all those who died had lived. Snow doubted if the water pump was 7.　　　　　　 (blame). At last, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump 8.　　　　　　 (remove).   　　Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks. 9.　　　　　　 (fortunate),we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered 10.　　　　　　 father of modern epidemiology.   学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $