04 Unit 4 Period Four Lesson 3 Internet and Friendships（Reading）（Word讲义）-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第二册学生用书（北师大版）

Period Four　Lesson 3 Internet and Friendships (Reading) 【课前自主探究】 Step 1　Fast reading 1.harm　2.replacement　3.themselves　4.helpful/beneficial 5.communication　6.boring　7.distance Step 2　Careful reading 1—4 DCCD Step 3　Summary 1.or　2.are developed　3.what　4.particularly　5.To maintain　6.less　7.argument　8.Compared　9.In　10.useful 【语言知识梳理】 词汇点睛 1.(1)①harmful　②harmless　③to (2)There is no harm in saying 2.(1)①argument　②with; about/over　③into (2)It is beyond argument that 3.(1)①replacement　②in　③as (2)was replaced by/with the responsibility of being an elder brother 4.(1)①concentration　②concentrated　(2)was concentrating on 5.(1)①additional　②improving (2)①In addition/Additionally/Besides ②In addition to cleaning the house 6.(1)①to live　②contented　(2)①to our heart’s content ②be content with/content ourselves with what we have 7.(1)①basic　②basically　③on　(2)Based on an interesting story; The novel based on an interesting story 句型透视 1.(1)①to answer　②arguing　③it (2)①found it difficult to be in a festive mood　②would appreciate it 2.(1)①fallen　②injured　③arranged　(2)first published in 1911 3.(1)①how　②which　③where (2)①Whenever I visited him/No matter when I visited him ②no matter what/whatever anyone said to me 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Period Four　Lesson 3 Internet and Friendships (Reading) 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ①harm vt. & n.伤害,损害 ②replacement n.替换,更换;替代品;替换物 ③contact n. & v.接触;联系 ④replace vt.取代;接替 ⑤hug n. & vt.拥抱;紧抱　 ⑥concentrate vi.专注,专心;集中注意力 ⑦social skill社交技能 ⑧direct adj.直接的 ⑨enable v.使能够 ⑩lifelong adj.终身的,毕生的 self-centred adj.自我中心的;只考虑自己的 be concerned with 关心…… popularity n.普及;流行;受欢迎 follower n.跟随者,追随者;爱好者;仿效者 the number of……的数量 rewarding adj.有益的;有意义的 in addition除此之外 content n.内容 post v.发布 n.帖子 shallow adj.肤浅的,浅薄的 trivial adj.没有什么价值的;微不足道的 not necessarily不一定,未必 on the basis of在……的基础上 percent n.百分比;百分数 The Internet Harms① Friendships [1]While the Internet can bring people closer together, it can also harm friendships. [1]while引导让步状语从句,while意为“虽然,尽管”。 Firstly, [2]talking online is no replacement② for face-to-face contact③—images really cannot replace④ a real-life smile or hug⑤. According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen [3]makes it more difficult for children to concentrate⑥ or show kindness to others. As we know, important social skills⑦ are developed through direct⑧ contact with other people. [4]It is these skills that enable⑨ us to develop lifelong⑩ friendships. [2]画线部分为动名词短语,在句中作主语。 [3]画线部分为“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,it作形式宾语,形容词more difficult作宾语补足语;不定式短语to concentrate or show kindness to others作真正的宾语。 [4]画线句为强调句,其结构为“It is+被强调部分+that+句子剩余部分.”,本句强调主语these skills。 Secondly, the Internet can make people self-centre—[5]not thinking of anyone or anything but themselves. For example, instead of having proper conversations with their friends, some people are only concerned wit their online popularit—How many “likes” did I get? How many follower do I have?—[6]though we know that the number o“likes” or followers cannot compare to having long-term and rewardin friendships. In additio, a lot of the conten poste on social media is shallo or trivia. Posts about funny cat images do not necessaril help form meaningful relationships. [5]画线部分为现在分词短语,在句中作状语。 [6]though引导让步状语从句;that引导宾语从句。 Thirdly, online relationships may not be [7]what they appear to be. Friendships are built on the basis o trust, and with online communication you can never be 100 percen sure [8]that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are. Because of this 互联网对友谊有害 虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近,但它也会损害友谊。 首先,网上聊天并不能代替面对面的接触——图片真的无法代替现实生活中的微笑或拥抱。根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法,通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。众所周知,重要的社交技能是通过直接与他人接触培养的。正是这些技能使我们发展终生的友谊。 其次,互联网使人们以自我为中心,不去想除自己之外的任何人和任何事。例如,一些人不再和朋友好好地交谈了,他们只关心自己网上的人气——我得了多少个“赞”?多少人关注了我?——尽管我们知道有多少“赞”或关注者无法与拥有长期和有益的友谊相比。此外,很多发布在社交媒体上的内容都很肤浅或琐碎。在网上发布搞笑猫咪的图片并不一定会帮助我们发展有意义的关系。 第三,网络关系可能并不是它们看起来的样子。友谊建立在信任的基础上,通过线上交流,你永远不能百分之百地确信与你交谈的人是否以诚相待。因此 (续表) 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 particularly adv.尤其,特别 trusting adj.轻易信赖别人的 in one’s opinion在某人看来 focus on关注 maintain vt.保持;维持 convenient adj.便利的,方便的 stay in touch with 和……保持联系 smartphone n.智能手机　 tablet n.平板电脑;药片;碑,牌 on the move在行动,在移动中 limiting adj.局限的,限制性的 video n.视频 brief adj.简洁的,简明的 response n.回答,答复 emoji n.表情符号 creative adj.创造性的 thought-provoking adj.发人深省的,令人深思的 argument n.论点;论据 point out指出 authority n.权威人士;专家 going online can be particularl dangerous for people [9]who are easily influenced or too trusting. [7]what引导表语从句。 [8]that引导宾语从句;you are chatting to为定语从句,修饰名词people;who引导宾语从句。 [9]who引导定语从句,修饰名词people。 In my opinio, friends should focus more o face-to-face communication, and less on online communication. This is the best way to maintai healthy relationships. The Internet Helps Friendships The Internet can help develop friendships in many ways. Firstly, the Internet makes communication much more convenien. You can stay in touch wit friends [10]no matter where you are or what you are doing. [11]Using a smartphon, a table or a computer, you can be in contact at home and also when you are on the mov. [10]画线部分为no matter where和no matter what引导的让步状语从句。 [11]画线部分为现在分词短语,在句中作状语。 Secondly, the Internet has also made communication more fun. Traditional ways of communicating, like letters and phone calls, can be limitin and take time. However, you can share photos, video, news stories and websites with your friends online. You can give a brie respons to a message with an emoj or a picture. There are so many online tools [12]you can use to be creative! [12]画线部分为定语从句,修饰名词短语online tools。 Thirdly, online communication can actually bring people closer to each other. Nowadays, your friends are just a click away. [13]Whenever someone needs help, friends from all over the world can immediately provide useful suggestions or information. This makes friends feel loved and cared for. To me, this is a very thought-provokin argumen, as it points ou the benefits of online friendships. As Eileen Kennedy-Moore, an authorit on the subject, points out, online friends “fill holes real-life friends can’t”. [13]whenever引导让步状语从句。 Finally, I believe the Internet brings people closer together and makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting 对于那些容易受影响或过于信任他人的人来说,上网尤其危险。 在我看来,朋友们应该多关注面对面的交流,少进行线上交流。这是保持健康关系的最佳方式。 互联网对友谊有益 互联网在很多方面都有助于友谊发展。 首先,互联网使交流更加便捷。无论你在哪里,在做什么,你都可以和朋友保持联系。通过使用智能手机、平板电脑或电脑,无论你在家里还是在外面都能与他人联络。 其次,互联网也使交流变得更加有趣。传统的沟通方式,如信件和电话,限制条件较多,而且比较耗时。而通过互联网,你可以在线与朋友共享照片、视频、新闻故事和网站。你可以用一个表情符号或一张图片简短地回复信息。你可以使用这么多的在线工具,让交流变得有创意! 第三,在线交流实际上可以让人们更亲近。现在,只要点一下鼠标,就能找到你的朋友。无论何时有人需要帮助,来自世界各地的朋友可以立即提供有用的建议或信息。这能让朋友们感到被爱和被关心。对我来说,这是非常发人深省的论点,因为它指出了线上友谊的好处。正如有关这个话题的专家艾琳·肯尼迪·摩尔所指出的,网络朋友“填补了现实生活中朋友无法填补的空白”。 最后,我相信互联网能使人们更紧密地联系在一起,让朋友间的交流更加方便和有趣 Step 1　Fast reading Read the text (P15—16) and fill in the blanks. Step 2　Careful reading (　)1.What makes it possible for us to develop lifelong friendships? A.Talking online. B.Communicating by phone. C.Communicating through a screen. D.Contacting other people directly. (　)2.Which of the following is an advantage of online communication? A.It makes it easier for children to finish their homework. B.It can take the place of a real-life smile or hug. C.It enables people to stay in touch with friends easily. D.It makes a person more attractive and humorous. (　)3.What does Eileen Kennedy-Moore mean by saying “online friends fill holes real-life friends can’t”? A.Only online communication can make friends feel loved and cared for. B.Online communication is much more convenient than traditional ways of communicating. C.Online communication is a solution when there are difficulties with face-to-face communication. D.Online communication has more advantages than traditional ways of communicating. (　)4.Which of the following is the basis of friendships according to Robert? A.Honesty.　　　　　　B.One’s personality. C.One’s ability. D.Faith. Step 3　Summary Does the Internet harm 1.　　　　 help friendships? People hold different views about it.  In Robert’s opinion, the Internet is harmful to friendships. Firstly, communicating through a screen cannot replace face-to-face contact, for important social skills 2.　　　　　　　　(develop) through direct contact with other people rather than by communicating online. Secondly, the Internet can make people self-centred. Thirdly, online relationships may not be 3.　　　　 they appear to be and can be 4.　　　　　　　(particular) dangerous for people who are easily influenced or too trusting. 5.　　　　　　　(maintain) healthy relationships, friends should focus more on face-to-face communication, and 6.　　　　(little) on online communication.  However, Cathy holds a completely different 7.　　　　　　　　(argue). She believes that the Internet can help develop friendships in many ways. 8.　　　　　　(compare) with traditional ways of communicating, the Internet makes communication much more convenient and more fun. 9.　　　　 addition, online communication can actually bring people closer to each other. And Internet users can turn to friends from all over the world for 10.　　　　(use) suggestions or information with just a click, which makes friends feel loved and cared for.  1.harm　vt. & n.伤害,损害 (教材P14) Do you think the Internet helps or harms friendships?　 你认为互联网对友谊是有帮助还是有害呢? (1)do…harm/do harm to…　　　伤害…… There is no harm in (sb’s) doing sth. 　　　　　　　　　　　(某人)做某事无害处。 (2)harmful adj. 有害的;导致损害的 be harmful to 对……有害 (3)harmless adj. 无害的 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①Smoking is not only 　　　　　　(harm) to smokers themselves, but it also threatens other people’s health.  ②The 　　　　　　(harm) joke brought a smile to everyone’s face, creating a cheerful atmosphere.  ③Reading novels online for a long time will do harm 　　　　your eyes.  (2)写作金句 (应用文写作之建议信) 　　　　　　　　　　　sorry to your friend first if you two have quarreled.  如果你们俩吵架了,不妨先向你的朋友说声对不起。 2.argument　n.论点;论据;争论 (教材P14) Underline the general idea and the topic sentence for each argument. 在文章大意和每个论点的主题句下画线。 (1)get into/have an argument with sb 　　　　　　　 　和某人争吵/争论起来 It is beyond argument that… 毋庸置疑/无可争辩的是…… (2)argue vi. & vt. 争论;争辩;说服 argue with sb about/over sth 与某人争论某事 argue for/against 为赞成/反对……而据理力争 argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①The boy got into an 　　　　　　　(argue) with another kid while they were playing.  ②It’s no use arguing 　　　　him 　　　　　　　the question for he won’t change his opinion.  ③We tried many ways to argue him 　　　　accepting our suggestion, but he wouldn’t listen.  (2)写作金句 (应用文写作话题之语言学习) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　knowing another language brings in more possibilities for your future.  毋庸置疑,会另一门语言会为你的未来带来更多可能性。 3.replace　vt.取代;接替 (教材P15) Firstly, talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact—images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug. 首先,网上聊天并不能代替面对面的接触——图片真的无法代替现实生活中的微笑或拥抱。 (1)replace A with/by B　用B替代A replace sb as… 取代某人而成为…… (2)take the place of sb=take one’s place 替代;代替 in place of 取代,替代 (3)replacement n. 代替,取代;接替者 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①She will continue with her present job until a 　　　　　　　(replace) can be found.  ②Plastics are now often used 　　　　place of wood or metal.  ③He will replace his father 　　　　the general manager of the company next year.  (2)写作金句 (读后续写之心理描写) After I had comforted her, something slowly changed inside me. The sense of loneliness 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  在安慰了她之后,我的内心慢慢发生了变化。孤独感被作为哥哥的责任所取代。 4.concentrate　vi.专注,专心;集中注意力 (教材P15) According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. 根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法,通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。 (1)concentrate on (doing) sth 　　　　　　　　 　专心(做)某事 concentrate one’s attention/effort/energy/mind on sth 集中某人的注意力/力量/精力/思想于某事 (2)concentration n. 专心,专注 (3)concentrated adj. 集中的;全力以赴的;浓缩的 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①It was Tu Youyou’s 　　　　　　　(concentrate) on scientific research that made her succeed at last.  ②He was very calm and 　　　　　　(concentrate) on judging how to defeat his opponent.  (2)写作金句 (读后续写之心理描写) While I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　photographing this magnificent scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.  当我正聚精会神地拍摄这壮观的景象时,我突然感觉有什么东西在盯着我。 5.in addition　此外, 除此之外 (教材P15) In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial. 此外,很多发布在社交媒体上的内容都很肤浅或琐碎。 (1)in addition to=as well as=besides 　　　　　　　　　　　　　除……以外(还) (2)additional adj. 额外的 (3)additionally adv. 此外 [温馨提示] in addition常用作插入语,表示“除此之外”,相当于besides/also, 而in addition to是介词短语,后接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语。 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①The government provided an 　　　　　　　　(addition) ￡25 million to improve the service.  ②In addition to 　　　　　　　　　(improve) emotional health, what do you think are some other benefits of resolving an argument?  (2)写作金句 ①(应用文写作话题之环境保护) To begin with, we should live a low-carbon life. 　　　　　　　　　, we should share and reuse things like clothing, furniture, books, etc.  首先,我们应该过低碳生活。此外,我们应该共享和重复使用衣服、家具、书籍等物品。 ②(应用文写作话题之节日介绍) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, it is also customary to decorate it with red lanterns and couplets for the Spring Festival.  除了打扫房子,人们还习惯用红灯笼和春联来装饰它。 6.content　n.内容 vt.使满意,使满足 adj.满意的,满足的(常作表语) (教材P15) In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial. 此外,很多发布在社交媒体上的内容都很肤浅或琐碎。 (1)to one’s heart’s content　尽情地,心满意足地 (2)content oneself with sth 满足于……;对……感到满意 (3)be content with sth 对某事满意/满足 be content to do sth 满足于做某事;乐意做某事 [温馨提示] contented adj.(常用于名词前)满意的;满足的 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①My parents are content 　　　　　(live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.  ②She had a 　　　　　　(content) life until a terrible event happened, which changed her life.  (2)写作金句 ①(读后续写之动作描写) At the campsite, we sang and danced 　　　　　　　　　　　　around bonfires, fully immersing ourselves in the joyful atmosphere.  在露营地,我们围着篝火尽情地唱歌跳舞,完全沉浸在欢乐的气氛中。 ②(读后续写之主题升华句) True happiness comes when we learn to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  当我们学会满足于我们所拥有的时,真正的幸福就来了。 7.basis　n.基础;基点 (教材P15) Friendships are built on the basis of trust, and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are. 友谊建立在信任的基础上,通过线上交流,你永远不能百分之百地确信与你交谈的人是否以诚相待。 (1)on the basis of　 　　在……的基础上;根据 on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期地,经常 (2)basic adj.　　　　　基本的;基础的 (3)basically adv. 基本地;总的说来 (4)base vt. 以……为根据 　　 　n. 基部;基地;基础 base…on/upon… 以……为基础 be based on/upon 以……为基础 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①The local government has taken effective measures to meet the 　　　　(base) living needs of residents.  ②There have been some problems but 　　　　　　(basic) it’s a good system.  ③It is difficult to do well in this course if you do not attend class 　　　　a regular basis.  (2)句式升级 The novel was based on an interesting story and it was well worth reading. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, the novel was well worth reading. (分词短语作状语)  →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 was well worth reading. (分词短语作定语)  1.(教材P15) According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法,通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。 it作形式宾语 句型公式　 【句式点拨】 句中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式结构to concentrate or show kindness to others。 【相关拓展】 (1)当不定式(短语)作宾语,且其后跟有宾语补足语时,为了使句子平衡,避免头重脚轻,通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it,而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾补+不定式(短语)”。如: I found it difficult to explain to him what had happened. 我发现很难向他解释发生了什么。 (2)it作形式宾语,除指代不定式结构外,还可指代动名词(短语)和that引导的宾语从句。如: Don’t you think it no use regretting your past mistakes? 为以前犯过的错误后悔是没有用的,难道你不这么认为吗?(it指代动名词短语regretting your past mistakes) We must make it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution. 我们必须让公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。(it指代that引导的宾语从句) (3)有时it与所替代部分之间并没有宾语补足语。如: Yon may depend on it that they will support you. 你相信好了,他们会支持你的。 I don’t like it when people talk with their mouths full. 我讨厌人们满嘴食物时说话。 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①I think it very important 　　　　　　　　　(answer) her questions as honestly as you can.  ②Don’t you feel it a waste of time 　　　　　　(argue) with him?  ③I consider 　　　　　an honour that they have asked me to deliver a speech.  (2)写作金句 ①(读后续写之情感描写) Although it was less than two weeks before Christmas, I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　because we moved and missed our friends and relatives in Minnesota.  虽然离圣诞节还有不到两周的时间,但我发现很难有节日的气氛,因为我们搬家了,并且想念明尼苏达州的朋友和亲戚。 ②(应用文写作之求助信) I 　　　　　　　　　　if you could help me with my maths.  如果你能帮我学数学的话,我将不胜感激。 2.(教材P15) In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial.此外,很多发布在社交媒体上的内容都很肤浅或琐碎。 过去分词短语作定语 句型公式　 【句式点拨】 句中过去分词短语posted on social media作后置定语,修饰content, post所表示的动作与逻辑主语content之间是被动关系。 【相关拓展】 (1)过去分词作定语,分词动作与被修饰词之间常存在着逻辑上的被动关系,或表示该动作已经完成。如: Have you read the books written by the young British writer? 你读过那位年轻的英国作家写的书吗? (2)单个的过去分词作定语,通常置于被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语,则需置于被修饰词之后。如: They found a damaged car at the gate of the park. 他们在公园门口发现一辆损坏的汽车。 The car damaged in the accident is now being repaired in the garage. 在事故中损坏的那辆汽车现在正在汽车修理厂维修。 (3)过去分词作定语时,可转换为一个对应的定语从句。如: Prices of daily goods bought online can be lower than store prices. =Prices of daily goods that/which are bought online can be lower than store prices. 网上购买的日常用品的价格可能低于商店的价格。 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①She collected the 　　　　(fall) leaves and put them into the garbage bag.  ②Doctors are doing all they could to save the 　　　　(injure) passengers.  ③I have to attend a very important meeting 　　　　(arrange) by my school.  (2)写作金句 (应用文写作话题之文学) These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  这些话来自《秘密花园》一书的作者,这本书于1911年首次出版。 3.(教材P16) You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.无论你在哪里,在做什么,你都可以和朋友保持联系。 “no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句 句型公式　 【句式点拨】 这是一个主从复合句,其中“no matter where you are or what you are doing”是让步状语从句。此处no matter where和no matter what相当于wherever和whatever。 【相关拓展】 (1)“no matter+疑问词”可以引导让步状语从句,意思是“无论……;不管……”,常可与“疑问词+ever”互换。如: Whoever you are, you must obey the rules. =No matter who you are, you must obey the rules. 不管你是谁,你必须遵守规则。 (2)主句是一般将来时,这类让步状语从句中应用一般现在时表将来。如: Wherever he goes, I’ll follow him. =No matter where he goes, I’ll follow him. 无论他到哪里,我都会跟着他。 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①No matter 　　　　carefully I explained, she still didn’t understand.  ②No matter 　　　　book you have borrowed from the library, you must return it in a week.  ③I will never forget the place where I was born and brought up no matter 　　　　I am now and where I will go.  (2)写作金句 ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he was always busy working.  不管我什么时候去看望他,他总是忙着工作。 ②(读后续写之心理描写) Deep down, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I still thought that I was a terrible dancer.  在内心深处,无论任何人对我说什么,我仍然认为我是一个糟糕的舞者。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $