专题05 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，宁夏专用）八年级英语上学期

专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·宁夏中卫海原县高崖乡九年一贯制学校·期中）Do you like traveling? Here are some popular travel places for students in China. Chengdu, Sichuan Chengdu is famous for pandas. You can visit the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding to see cute pandas. They are usually active in the morning, so it’s best to go there before 10 a. m. The city also has delicious food, like hot pot and mapo tofu. Guilin, Guangxi Guilin is known for its beautiful mountains and rivers. The Li River cruise is a must-do. You can take a boat and enjoy the green mountains on both sides. The Reed Flute Cave is another interesting place—inside the cave, there are strange rocks that look like animals. Lijiang, Yunnan Lijiang has a long history. The Old Town of Lijiang is a World Heritage Site. You can walk on the stone streets and visit old houses. In the evening, you can listen to Naxi music in small bars. The weather there is cool all year round, so it’s comfortable to travel. 1.What is Chengdu famous for? A. Mountains. B. Pandas. C. Rivers. D. Old towns. 2.When is the best time to visit the panda base in Chengdu? A. Before 10 a. m. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. D. At night. 3.What can you do in Guilin? A. See pandas. B. Walk on stone streets. C. Take a Li River cruise. D. Listen to Naxi music. 4.Which place has a cool climate all year? A. Chengdu. B. Guilin. C. Lijiang. D. Beijing. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国三个受学生欢迎的旅游胜地。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Chengdu is famous for pandas.”可知，成都以大熊猫闻名。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“They are usually active in the morning, so it’s best to go there before 10 a. m.”可知，参观成都熊猫基地的最佳时间是上午10点前。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Guilin... The Li River cruise is a must-do.”可知，在桂林可以乘坐漓江游船。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Lijiang... The weather there is cool all year round”可知，丽江全年气候凉爽。故选C。 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·宁夏吴忠第三中学·期中）I’m a student from Xuchang, Henan. When people talk about Xuchang, many of them will think of Pangdonglai Supermarket. With a history of over 20 years, Pangdonglai Supermarket is a symbol of Xuchang. Almost all the people here know and love it. Some of you may ask why Pangdonglai Supermarket is so popular. One of the reasons is that the things there are cheap. People can find everything they need at good prices. If the thing you bought gets cheaper a few days later, the workers there will call you and refund you the money you overpaid. Pangdonglai Supermarket is also famous for its excellent service. The workers there are very friendly and always ready to help people. They put some magnifiers (放大镜) next to the things they sell to help the old to see them clearly. You can have a meal there as well as going shopping. I enjoy eating there with my friends on Saturday afternoons. All in all, with its cheap things and good service, Pangdonglai Supermarket wins the hearts of many people. 1.Pangdonglai Supermarket has a history of ________. A. less than 5 years B. less than 10 years C. more than 20 years D. more than 25 years 2.What does the underlined word “refund” mean in Chinese in Paragraph 2? A. 退还 B. 投资 C. 捐赠 D. 赞助 3.In the third paragraph, the writer mainly talks about Pangdonglai’s ________. A. symbol B. service C. workers D. meaning 4.What is the structure of the passage? A. ①-②③④ B. ①②-③④ C. ①②③-④ D. ①-②③-④ 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. B　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是河南许昌学生介绍当地的胖东来超市，说明其20余年历史、受喜爱的原因（价格低、服务好），总结其凭借这些赢得人心。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“With a history of over 20 years, Pangdonglai Supermarket is a symbol of Xuchang.”可知，胖东来超市有20多年历史，故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“If the thing you bought gets cheaper a few days later, the workers there will call you and refund you the money you overpaid.”可知，商品降价后会把多付的钱退给顾客，“refund”意为“退还”，故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Pangdonglai Supermarket is also famous for its excellent service.”可知，第三段主要讲胖东来的服务，故选B。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，①段引入胖东来超市；②③段分别讲其受欢迎的原因（价格、服务）；④段总结，结构是①-②③-④，故选D。 主题语境03 人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 （25-26八上·宁夏盐池县联盟校·期中）Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here are some suggestions for you to bridge the generation gap (代沟). Don’t argue with your parents. Don’t get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. You can’t express (表达) yourself well if you are angry. Go to some places to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don’t think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise (妥协). Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it’s especially important to show love and respect to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values (价值，价值观). The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth (值得) having a try. 1.Who will have a communication problem? A. Parents and children of all ages. B. Children and other people. C. Parents and their school children. D. Teachers and their students. 2.How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 3.The underlined phrase “cool off” in the passage means “________”. A. make yourself happy B. get yourself quiet and relaxed C. become angry D. go away quickly 4.What’s the advantage (好处) of a good relationship with your parents? A. It can make you express yourself well. B. It can make you show love and respect to them. C. It can make you a better and happier person. D. It can make your parents feel proud. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了一些与父母弥合代沟的好方法。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages.”可知，沟通问题是父母和所有年龄段的孩子们都会有的问题。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Don’t argue with your parents.”；“Make sure you understand why you are unhappy.”；“Try to reach a compromise (妥协).”以及“Talk about your values (价值，价值观).”可知，文章给出了四个具体建议，故选C。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“You can’t express (表达) yourself well if you are angry. Go to some places to cool off.”可知，当你生气时，不要争吵，而应让自己冷静下来，这样才能更好地表达自己，因此，“cool off”的意思是“让自己安静和放松”。故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person.”可知，与父母良好的关系能让你成为更好、更快乐的人。故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·宁夏固原西吉县马莲中学·期中）Do you want to keep healthy every day? Here are some things you can do. Get up early. To do it, you must go to bed early in the evening. Don’t watch TV or play computer games too late. You should go to bed before ten o’clock and then get up at about six in the morning. ________ It’s good to eat fruit and vegetables every day, because they’re healthy food. Ice cream and hamburgers taste good, but they are really not good for you. So don’t eat them every day. And you must eat a healthy breakfast every morning. Play sports every day. Don’t say that you are always busy, and have no time to play sports. That’s just an excuse. In the morning, you can run. After work, you can play ball games with your friends. Even in the evening, you can take a walk. When you’re free, just play sports! 1.Which one can be put into ________? A. Drink more water. B. Eat healthy food. C. Have three meals. D. Cook by yourself. 2.What does the underlined word “excuse” mean in Chinese? A. 建议 B. 玩笑 C. 原因 D. 借口 3.Which of the following is NOT the writer’s idea? A. You must eat a healthy breakfast every morning. B. Making time to exercise every day. C. Eating fruit and vegetables every day. D. Sleeping at least (至少) seven hours every day. 4.Where do you think this passage comes from? A. A storybook. B. A magazine. C. A dictionary. D. An ad (广告). 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文提出保持健康的三个建议——早睡早起、健康饮食和每日运动，并分别说明具体做法。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“It’s good to eat fruit and vegetables every day, because they’re healthy food.”可知，每天吃水果和蔬菜是有好处的，它们是健康的食物。由此可推测，选项B“吃健康的食物。”可以放入空白处。故选B。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Don’t say that you are always busy, and have no time to play sports. That’s just an excuse.”可知，作者建议我们要做运动，而有些人会说自己很忙，没有时间运动。作者觉得不要那么说，那只是一个借口。excuse的意思是“借口”。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“And you must eat a healthy breakfast every morning.”“Play sports every day.”和“It’s good to eat fruit and vegetables every day”可知，“健康早餐、做运动、吃水果和蔬菜”这几个都是作者给我们的建议，“每天至少睡七个小时”在文章中没有提到。故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。文章提出了在日常生活中保持健康的方法，推测文章应该出自“杂志”。故选B。 主题语境04 人与自我-日常活动 （25-26八上·宁夏盐池县联盟校·期中）①Housework is a great disciplinary (执行纪律的) tool to use for raising children. However, not all chores are suitable for every age. The following is advice on activities to develop the children’s good habits. ②Two-year-olds can learn how to take out the rubbish. They can also help their parents carry light things and hang up clothes. At this age children should learn how to put their toys away before going to bed. ③At the age of three, children can learn how to water plants and feed pets carefully. They should learn how to make their beds and put their dishes away. Children at this age can pick up the daily newspapers, and begin to learn how to wash clothes. ④Four-year-olds should be old enough to do what the two- and three-year-olds can do and more. They can make their beds, set the table, and clean up after dinner. They should also learn how to fold their clothes and put them in the correct cabinet (柜子), as well as how to choose their clothes for the following day. ⑤Children aged five should help clean the table and change their bed sheets. They can also prepare their schoolbags, as well as something else related to (与……有关) the next school day. At this age they should learn to clean their toys and tidy up their rooms. ⑥Children grow through personal experiences. The more things they do, the faster they will develop. Others help them only when it is necessary. It is important that they learn how to be independent and try to finish the tasks by themselves. 1.Match the ages with suitable (合适的) activities according to the passage. a. 2 years old b. 3 years old c. 4 years old d. 5 years old ①change bed sheets ②fold clothes ③hang up clothes ④wash clothes A. a—④; b—③; c—①; d—② B. a—③; b—④; c—①; d—② C. a—③; b—④; c—②; d—① D. a—④; b—②; c—③; d—① 2.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Two-year-old children. B. Three-year-old children. C. Four-year-old children. D. Five-year-old children. 3.What makes children grow according to the passage? A. Personal experiences. B. Help from parents. C. Relationships between friends. D. Schoolwork. 4.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. A　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同年龄段的孩子适合做的不同家务。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“They can also help their parents carry light things and hang up clothes.”可知，两岁的孩子可以帮父母挂衣服；根据第三段中“Children at this age can pick up the daily newspapers, and begin to learn how to wash clothes.”可知，三岁的孩子可以开始学习洗衣服；根据第四段中“They should also learn how to fold their clothes and put them in the correct cabinet (柜子), as well as how to choose their clothes for the following day.”可知，四岁的孩子可以学习折衣服；根据第五段中“Children aged five should help clean the table and change their bed sheets.”可知，五岁的孩子可以换床单。即a—③; b—④; c—②; d—①。故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Four-year-olds should be old enough to do what the two-and three-year-olds can do and more. They can make their beds, set the table, and clean up after dinner.”可知，四岁的孩子应该足够大去做两岁和三岁的孩子能做的事情，甚至更多。他们可以在晚饭后整理床铺，摆桌子，打扫卫生。由此可知，此处They指的是“Four-year-olds”，即Four-year-old children。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Children grow through personal experiences.”可知，孩子通过个人经历成长。故选A。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二至五段分别说明不同年龄段的孩子适合做的不同家务；第六段进行了总结。所以这篇文章采用了“总分总”的结构。故选A。 主题语境05 人与自我-饮食 （25-26八上·宁夏固原西吉县马莲中学·期中）Hello, my name is Alice. Do you want to know something about Chinese food? In China, there are many different kinds of foods. Among them, dumplings are the real Chinese food. They are really tasty. Many people in China like dumplings very much, and there are many different kinds of dumplings. Some have beef and vegetables in them and some have eggs and carrots in them. But I love eating dumplings with vegetables and beef. The Spring Festival is very important in China. When it comes, we make dumplings, and usually we put a coin (硬币) in a dumpling. We think that if one eats the dumpling with the coin in it, he or she can be lucky in the new year. Welcome to China. I’ll ask you to eat the real Chinese food: dumplings. 1.What kind of dumplings does Alice like? A. Dumplings with eggs and vegetables. B. Dumplings with eggs and carrots. C. Dumplings with vegetables and beef. D. Dumplings with meat and carrots. 2.Why do people put a coin in a dumpling? A. Because it is good for health. B. Because they have many coins. C. Because it is a real Chinese food. D. Because they think it is lucky. 3.What’s the structure (结构) of this passage? A. B. C. D. 4.Which can be the best title of the passage? A. A real Chinese food B. Alice’s favorite food C. The Spring Festival D. Dumplings with coins 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了饺子这种食物的种类、寓意等。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“But I love eating dumplings with vegetables and beef.”可知，Alice喜欢蔬菜牛肉馅的饺子。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“We think that if one eats the dumpling with the coin in it, he or she can be lucky in he new year.”可知，人们在饺子里放硬币是因为他们觉得吃了带硬币的饺子的人在新的一年会幸运。故选D。 (3)题解析： 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引入话题，第二和第三段具体描述饺子的种类以及春节习俗，第四段是邀请读者品尝饺子。文章结构为①/②③/④。故选B。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。根据“Among them, dumplings are the real Chinese food. They are really tasty.”及全文可知，文章围绕饺子展开，介绍饺子是真正的中国食物，包括种类、春节习俗等，“一种真正的中国食物”最适合作为文章标题。故选A。 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 （25-26八上·宁夏银川第三中学·期中）True friendship is a really important and beautiful thing in our lives. It’s not just about having fun together, going to the movies or eating delicious food. And it’s not just about giving each other expensive gifts, either. True friends will always be there for you when you are in trouble. For example, if you don’t do well in a test and you feel sad, a true friend will come to you right away. They will sit beside you and say kind words. Then they might study with you, help you solve the difficult problems, and make a study plan for you. Also, true friends will listen carefully when you share your happiness and sadness. When you tell them that you won a prize in a school competition, they will feel happy for you. When you talk about you argued with your parents and feel sad, they will listen carefully and give you good advice on it. They will always keep your secrets and never tell anyone else. Even if you live far away from each other and you might not see each other often, when you meet again or talk on the phone, it will still feel like you are together all the time. Your friendship will stay strong because of understanding each other, trusting (信任) each other, and always being willing to help each other. In a word, we should value true friendship. It makes our lives more colourful and meaningful. 1.What will true friends do when you win a prize according to the text? A. Feel truly happy for you. B. Stay away from you. C. Ask you to share the prize with them. D. Tell your secrets to others. 2.What can we infer (推断) about true friends from the text? A. Only talk when they’re together. B. Still be close even if they don’t meet often. C. Don’t care about each other’s feelings. D. Stay away when you are in trouble. 3.Which is close to the meaning of the underlined word “argued” in the third paragraph? A. 赞同 B. 争吵 C. 聊天 D. 使用 4.Why does the writer write this text? A. To tell stories about friends. B. To show how to make friends. C. To say what true friends are like. D. To explain why friendship is important. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲述了真正友谊的特点和价值。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“When you tell them that you won a prize in a school competition, they will feel happy for you.”可知，真正的朋友会为你感到高兴。故选A。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Even if you live far away from each other and you might not see each other often, when you meet again or talk on the phone, it will still feel like you are together all the time.”可知，真正的朋友即使不经常见面也能保持亲密。故选B。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“When you talk about you argued with your parents and feel sad, they will listen carefully and give you good advice on it”可知，与父母争吵并感到难过，因此划线词“argued”意为“争吵”。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。本文主要描述了真正友谊的特点，因此作者写这篇文章是为了说明真正的朋友是什么样的。故选C。 主题语境02 人与社会-文化 Passage 1 （25-26八上·宁夏固原某校·期中）Men and women often do things in different ways. Scientists are curious to know the reasons. Through some research on the human brain, they’ve discovered some interesting facts. Generally, women’s brains make them notice and remember details (细节) more easily. They are more likely to think back to the smell in a room, the sound of a song, or the little things they see during the day. For example, a woman might easily remember what her friend wore last week. However, men’s brains are more focused on the task at hand. A man will pay more attention to a single (单一的) job until it’s fully finished. He might work on fixing a car without being influenced by other things. These different thinking patterns also influence how they view their lives. Women usually see all sides of their lives as connected. If they have a bad day at work, it might influence their mood (情绪) at home. However, men usually see each part of their lives, like work, hobbies, and family, as separate (独立的) pieces. In a team, men and women contribute (贡献) differently. Women are more likely to share ideas and build good relationships among team members. Men, on the other hand, prefer to arrange tasks and make everyone work effectively (有效地). Although men and women have their differences, both ways of thinking are important. They help us solve different problems and answer all kinds of questions in life. 1.What does the underlined word “curious” mean in Paragraph 1? A. fun. B. happy. C. interested. D. glad. 2.A woman usually remembers ________. A. details B. men’s brains C. the task D. a job 3.If a man is unhappy at work, when he is at home, he will ________. A. think it over and over B. be unhappy C. forget it D. cry for a long time 4.The writer wants to tell us that ________. A. men are better than women B. men can help women C. women are better than men D. they can help each other 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了男女在做事方式、大脑思维模式、看待生活及团队贡献上的差异，同时说明两种思维方式都很重要，可帮助我们解决生活中的各类问题。 (1)题解析： 第一段第2句：“Scientists are curious to know the reasons.”，curious意为好奇的、感兴趣的，interested在此处可表达该含义。 (2)题解析： 第二段第1句：“Generally,women’s brains make them notice and remember details more easily.”，直接说明女性通常更容易记住细节。 (3)题解析： 第三段第2-4句：“Women usually see all sides of their lives as connected...However, men usually see each part of their lives, like work, hobbies, and family, as separate pieces.”，表明男性将生活各部分视为独立板块，因此工作中的不快在家中会被忘掉。 (4)题解析： 最后一段第1-2句：“Although men and women have their differences, both ways of thinking are important. They help us solve different problems and answer all kinds of questions in life.”，体现男女虽有差异但可互相助力。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·宁夏固原第三中学·期中）①Tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It has a long history and rich culture. Many people enjoy drinking tea every day. ②The story of tea began in China more than 4,000 years ago. According to an old story, Emperor Shennong discovered tea by accident. One day, while he was boiling, some leaves fell into the water. He decided to taste the water. To his surprise, it was delicious. That was how tea was first discovered. ③In China, tea is not just a drink. It is an important part of Chinese culture. There are different kinds of tea, such as green tea, black tea, and oolong tea. People often serve tea when guests visit their homes. The Chinese tea ceremony is a traditional way to make and drink tea. It shows respect and friendship. ④Tea also spread to(传播) other countries from China. It went to Japan in the 6th century and then to Europe in the 17th century. Different countries have their own ways of drinking tea. In England, people like to add milk and sugar to their tea. They usually have afternoon tea with sandwiches and cakes. In Japan, the tea ceremony is very important and has strict rules. ⑤Today, tea is grown in many parts of the world, including China, India, Kenya, and Sri Lanka. It not only tastes good but also has many health benefits (益处). Some studies show that drinking tea can help keep our bodies healthy, like making us feel more relaxed and helping with digestion (消化). 1.How did Emperor Shennong discover tea? A. He picked tea leaves and ate them directly. B. Tea leaves fell into the boiling water he made, and he tasted it. C. A friend gave him a cup of tea to drink. D. He saw people drinking tea and wanted to try. 2.What does the Chinese tea ceremony show? A. How to make tea quickly. B. The importance of drinking tea every day. C. Respect and friendship. D. Different types of tea. 3.When did tea spread to Europe? A. In the 6th century. B. In the 20th century. C. More than 4,000 years ago. D. In the 17th century 4.What’s the structure of the passage? A. ①→②③④→⑤ B. ①→②③④⑤ C. ①→②③→④⑤ D. ①②→③④⑤ 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了关于茶的历史和文化。 (1)题解析： 根据第二段内容“One day, while he was boiling, some leaves fell into the water. He decided to taste the water.”可知，神农氏是因为植物叶子掉进煮沸的水中，品尝后发现美味而发现了茶。选项B描述与此相符。 (2)题解析： 根据第三段最后一句：“The Chinese tea ceremony is a traditional way to make and drink tea. It shows respect and friendship.”可知，中国茶道体现的是尊重与友谊。选项C正确。 (3)题解析： 根据第四段第二句It went to Japan in the 6th century and then to Europe in the 17th century.可知，茶传到欧洲的时间是17世纪。选项D正确。 (4)题解析： 分析文章结构可知：第①段为引言，总述茶受欢迎且历史悠久；第②③④段为主体部分，分别讲述了茶的起源传说、中国茶文化以及茶在世界的传播与不同习俗；第⑤段为结论，总结茶的现代种植情况及健康益处。因此结构为“总—分—总”，即①→②③④→⑤。选项A正确。 Passage 3 （25-26八上·宁夏银川第三十八中学·期中）Do you have any foreign friends? Do you know their personalities? The Germans are very quiet and they always keep calm. They don’t like to speak much. They look very serious. The Germans are very hard-working. They like tidiness, especially the women. They always keep their home clean. In some ways, the Englishmen look the same as the Germans. They are very quiet and never talk too much with strangers. They are really polite, so we often hear them say “Thank you” or “Sorry”. The Frenchmen’s holidays are very long. They like traveling and usually spend a long time staying in other countries. The Frenchmen are more outgoing than the Germans. It is very easy to make friends with them. Compared to the Frenchmen, the Americans are more outgoing. And they are even more outgoing than all of the Europeans. They don’t like to depend on（依靠）others. So it is very common that the students do part-time jobs in their free time. And in Americans’ eyes, success is an important part in their life. 1.According to the passage,_______ are very quiet. A. only the Germans B. only the Englishmen C. only the Frenchmen D. both the Germans and the Englishmen 2.What can we learn about the Frenchmen from the passage? A. They are more outgoing than the Americans. B. It is very easy to make friends with them. C. They like traveling in their own country. D. They look serious and are always hard-working. 3.How is the passage organized?（P1= Paragraph 1,…） A. B. C. D. 4.Which is the best title of the passage? A. Foreigners’ hobbies B. Who are more outgoing? C. Personalities of foreigners D. Success is an important part in Americans’ life 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了德国人、英国人、法国人和美国人的不同性格特点。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The Germans are very quiet”及“In some ways, the Englishmen look the same as the Germans. They are very quiet”可知，德国人和英国人都很安静。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The Frenchmen are more outgoing than the Germans. It is very easy to make friends with them”可知，和法国人交朋友很容易。故选B。 (3)题解析： 篇章结构题。根据全文可知：第一段提出“外国朋友的性格”这一话题；第二段介绍德国人，第三段介绍英国人，第四段介绍法国人，第五段介绍美国人，这四段是并列围绕第一段的话题展开的。因此，本文属于“总分”结构，选项B结构图符合。故选B。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。文章围绕不同国家外国人的性格特点展开，“Personalities of foreigners”外国人的性格能概括全文主题。故选C。 主题语境03 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·宁夏银川外国语实验学校·期中）①We use the internet a lot every day. We have lessons or watch videos online. We talk to friends through WeChat. But those are not all. In the future, we are going to connect everything around us to the internet. We might connect the fridge, the car, the house and even the whole city to the internet. It is a big idea called the “Internet of Things (IoT)”. With it, we can “talk” to our car and our house through the internet. The car and the house can also “talk” to each other. How does this happen? ②Your house knows when you are at home and when you are not. So in summer, it makes rooms cool when you are in. And after you leave, it stops cooling down the rooms. ③Your fridge can “remember” what you put in and take out of it. So it can send you emails with dinner ideas. And it will buy things online for you when the food runs low! ④Your car will send your house messages when you drive home. So the house turns on the lights before you go back. ⑤With the idea of the “IoT”, life will become better and we can save time. Do you like it? 1.What does the idea of the “IoT” mean? A. It means that we can watch online videos through the internet. B. It means that we can do some online shopping through the internet. C. It means that we can take different lessons online through the internet. D. It means that we can “talk” to things and things can also “talk” with each other through the internet. 2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. The email. B. The fridge. C. The room. D. The car. 3.What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The “IoT” will bring us a better life. B. The “IoT” can help us do everything. C. The “IoT” can help us do housework. D. The “IoT” can help us save time and money. 4.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了“物联网”给我们的生活带来的便利。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“With it, we can ‘talk’ to our car and our house through the internet. The car and the house can also ‘talk’ to each other.”可知，“物联网”指的是通过网络我们可以和物品“对话”，物品之间也能相互“对话”。故选D。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Your fridge can ‘remember’ what you put in and take out of it. So it can send you emails with dinner ideas. And it will buy things online for you when the food runs low!”可知，当食物供应不足时，冰箱还能帮你在线购买所需物品，it指代前文提及的“冰箱”。故选B。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据“With the idea of ‘IoT’, life will become better and we can save time.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是“物联网”将给我们带来更好的生活。故选A。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。第一段总起全文，介绍了“物联网”，引出主题；第二、三、四段具体介绍了“物联网”在我们生活中的应用；最后一段总结全文，“物联网”将给我们带来更好的生活。文章为“总分总”结构。故选B。 主题语境04 人与社会-节日 （25-26八上·宁夏银川阅海中学·期中）How is the weather in your town or city now? Are you feeling winter is coming? Lidong, Winter, falls on November 7 in 2024. Lidong was a big day in ancient China: Before the day, the emperors would take a bath and have no meat. On that day, the emperors and their officials would all dress in black and go out of the city to welcome winter. Today, to welcome the day, some people choose to have swimming games in some cold places such as Harbin in Heilongjiang Province. As winter comes, the weather gets colder and colder. Chinese people often eat different kinds of food to keep warm and healthy. On the day of Lidong, people in North China love eating dumplings. In South China, people love to eat chicken, duck and fish. In some places in Guangdong Province, people eat sugarcane (甘蔗). They think it is good for their teeth. In Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, people eat green onions (大葱) for good health. Lidong is the time to start wearing warm clothes. In ancient times, the emperors would hand out warm winter clothes to the officials. People would also remember to give “clothes” to their dead family members. They would also provide (提供) delicious food to the lost ones to show how much they missed them. 1.What did the emperors do to welcome winter in ancient times? ①They took a bath. ②They didn’t eat meat. ③They wore black clothes. ④They had a swimming game. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ②③④ D. ①③④ 2.What can we know about Lidong from the last paragraph? A. Family and friends often get together. B. The emperors gave warm clothes to poor people. C. People showed how much they missed their dead family members. D. Enjoying delicious food is the most important thing to do. 3.What is the passage mainly about? A. The different weather in China during winter. B. The history and customs of the Start of Winter (Lidong) in China. C. The special foods people eat in North and South China. D. How the ancient Chinese emperors celebrated festival. 4.In which part of a newspaper can we read this text? A. Sports. B. People. C. Health. D. Festival. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了中国立冬节气的时间、古代帝王的迎冬习俗，以及现代和各地在立冬时的饮食、穿戴等传统习俗。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Before the day, the emperors would take a bath and have no meat. On that day, the emperors and their officials would all dress in black”可知，古代帝王迎冬会洗澡、不吃肉、穿黑衣；“游泳比赛”是现代习俗，①②③符合，故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“People would also remember to give ‘clothes’ to their dead family members...to show how much they missed them.”可知，人们会借此表达对逝去亲人的思念，故选C。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章围绕立冬的时间、古代习俗、现代习俗、饮食等展开，核心是立冬的历史与习俗，故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。文章介绍的是立冬节气，属于节日文化类内容，因此会出现在报纸的“节日”板块，故选D。 主题语境05 人与自我-个人兴趣 （25-26八上·宁夏银川一中集团校·期中）Do you have hobbies? Do you know what hobbies can help you? Here are some benefits (益处) of them. They help you learn. When you have a hobby, you learn new things. You can search online and read some books to get more information about your hobby. More reading can make you a better reader and a better learner. They help you be creative (有创造力的). For many hobbies like building model cars (汽车模型), your brain (大脑) and your hands are all very important. We learn by doing things and by touching things. They help you be relaxed. Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists (科学家) say, “When you make something, the ‘feel-good’ part of your brain gets a message (信息). It makes you feel relaxed.” In short, hobbies help you learn new things and make you a well-rounded man. Hope everyone can have them and live happily. 1.What can make you a better learner from the passage? A. More reading. B. More thinking. C. More writing. D. More speaking. 2.For which hobby are your brain and hands both very important? A. Watching films. B. Singing songs. C. Building model cars. D. Swimming. 3.What does the underlined word “well-rounded” mean in paragraph ⑤? A. 全面发展的 B. 心宽体胖的 C. 固步自封的 D. 八面玲珑的 4.What does the word “them” refer to in the last paragraph? A. New things. B. Well-rounded men. C. Hobbies. D. Benefits. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了爱好的多种益处，包括帮助学习、激发创造力和带来放松，并总结爱好有助于人的全面发展。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“You can search online and read some books to get more information about your hobby. More reading can make you a better reader and a better learner.”可知，更多的阅读能让你成为一个更好的学习者。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“For many hobbies like building model cars, your brain and your hands are all very important.”可知，对于像制作汽车模型这样的爱好，你的大脑和双手都非常重要。故选C。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“In short, hobbies help you learn new things and make you a well-rounded man.”并结合上文内容可知，爱好能从学习、创造、放松等多方面使人受益，因此“well-rounded”在此处应指“全面发展的”。故选A。 (4)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据最后一句“Hope everyone can have them and live happily.”并结合全文主旨可知，本文通篇在讨论爱好的好处并鼓励大家拥有爱好，因此“them”指代的是前文提到的“hobbies”。故选C。 主题语境06 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·宁夏中卫第六中学·期中）Most students do not enjoy doing housework. Some of them think that cleaning the bathroom or cooking dinner for the family is boring. However, if you try the following ways, you will find that housework is not as boring as you think. Learn to do small things You should learn to do small things. For example, you can do the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed. Part of growing up is to be able to take care of yourself. Doing some things around the house shows that you are becoming responsible. Divide (分担) housework among the family In fact, it’s too tiring for one person to do all the housework alone. It’s good to divide housework into different parts. All the family members will do the housework together. Dividing housework among all the family members will make everyone’s job much easier. Make it fun Cooking is one part of housework. Cooking can be very fun if you put your heart into it. If you learn how to cook your favourite food, you will also get a feeling of satisfaction (满足). 1.Why don’t most students enjoy doing housework? A. They are too busy with study. B. They think it’s boring. C. They don’t know how to do it. D. Their parents don’t let them do it. 2.You can start by learning to do some small things EXCEPT (除了) ________. A. doing the dishes B. sweeping the floor C. making the bed D. repairing the house 3.The underlined word “responsible” probably means ________ in Chinese. A. 懒惰的 B. 令人兴奋的 C. 特别的 D. 负责任的 4.What’s the main idea of the passage? A. It’s about some boring chores we have to do. B. It’s about how to make the boring housework more interesting. C. It’s about how to divide housework into parts. D. It’s about how to find the joy of our life. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲述了如何通过一些方法让家务变得不那么无聊，包括从小事做起、分担家务以及让家务变得有趣等。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Most students do not enjoy doing housework. Some of them think that cleaning the bathroom or cooking dinner for the family is boring.”可知，大多数学生不喜欢做家务是因为他们认为做家务很无聊。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Learn to do small things”中“For example, you can do the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed.”以及全段可知，未提及修理房子。故选D。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Part of growing up is to be able to take care of yourself. Doing some things around the house shows that you are becoming responsible.”以及选项可知，做家务表明个人成长，可推断“responsible”意为“负责任的”。故选D。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据“However, if you try the following ways, you will find that housework is not as boring as you think.”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了如何通过一些方法让家务变得不那么无聊，包括从小事做起、分担家务以及让家务变得有趣等。B选项“它是关于如何让无聊的家务变得更有趣。”最贴合主旨。故选B。 主题语境07 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·宁夏盐池县联盟校·期中）You may not know their names, but you’ve probably seen photos of them swimming in hot springs online. They’re called capybaras (水豚), a kind of cute animal with some amazing facts. They are big. As the world’s largest rodents (啮齿动物), adult capybaras can weigh up to 50 kg. They are as heavy as some humans! They can be up to 130 cm tall. Although they are fat, they can swim fast at a speed of up to 35 km/h. They love water. Capybaras spend a lot of time in water. Their special feet help them move quickly through water, and they can also stay underwater for up to five minutes at a time. Capybaras like to sleep in water to avoid (避免) getting sunburnt. They have an unusual diet. Capybaras love to eat hard grasses, which need to be chewed (咀嚼) many times. To finish the long chewing, capybaras’ teeth never stop growing. Capybaras also eat their own waste. They do this because the grasses they eat are too hard to digest (消化). By eating its waste, a capybara can get useful bacteria (细菌) into its stomach to help it digest food. It’s clear that capybaras are valuable to humans. Whether they’re online or at your local zoo, these cute friends are sure to make you smile at them. 1.What can we know about capybaras according to Paragraph 2? A. They are the largest animals. B. They are light in weight. C. They are as tall as an adult. D. They are good swimmers. 2.How do capybaras stay away from the hot sun? A. By swimming fast. B. By sleeping in water. C. By staying under the rocks. D. By spending time in the forest. 3.Why do capybaras eat their own waste? A. Because it is better for their teeth. B. Because it takes less time to chew. C. Because it can help them to digest. D. Because it is softer than grasses. 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell us some useful ways to protect capybaras. B. To show us some amazing facts about capybaras. C. To tell us different dangers capybaras are facing. D. To show us the most valuable animal in the world. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了网红动物水豚的几个有趣特点：它是体型巨大的啮齿动物，游泳速度快；十分亲水，擅长潜水；食性特殊，靠不断生长的牙齿啃食野草，还会吃粪便辅助消化，这种可爱动物十分讨人喜欢。 (1)题解析： 根据第二段最后一句“Although they are fat, they can swim fast at a speed of up to 35 km/h.”（虽然它们很胖，但它们游泳速度很快，时速可达 35 公里）可知，水豚擅长游泳。A项错误，文中说是最大的啮齿动物而非最大的动物；B项错误，文中提到它们重达 50 公斤；C项错误，文中说是和某些人一样重，而非一样高。 (2)题解析： 根据第三段最后一句“Capybaras like to sleep in water to avoid (避免) getting sunburnt.”（水豚喜欢睡在水里以避免被晒伤）可知，它们通过睡在水里来躲避烈日。 (3)题解析： 根据第四段最后一句“By eating its waste, a capybara can get useful bacteria (细菌) into its stomach to help it digest food.”（通过吃自己的排泄物，水豚可以将有用的细菌摄入胃中，帮助它消化食物）可知，这样做是为了帮助消化。 (4)题解析： 通读全文可知，文章第一段引出话题“a kind of cute animals with some amazing facts”（一种有着惊人事实的可爱动物），随后几段分别从体型、习性、饮食等方面介绍了关于水豚的具体事实，最后一段总结其对人类的价值。因此文章的主要目的是展示关于水豚的一些惊人事实。A项保护方法、C项面临的危险、D项最有价值的动物均未在文中作为主要目的体现。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·宁夏银川第十五中学·期中）Almost all animals need to sleep to stay healthy. But sleeping can be dangerous because other animals may hunt sleeping animals. To help them stay safe, animals have many different ways of sleeping. Some of these ways may surprise you! Some seabirds can sleep while they fly. These large birds spend most of their lives over the ocean. They are in danger on the water, but they are safe in the air. They glide (滑行) for many hours without moving their wings up and down. Sometimes they sleep while they glide. A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time. It must stay awake to breathe and to watch for danger. Dolphins can swim without sleep for two months to stay safe. Ducks sleep with just half their brains, too. These ducks often sleep in a line. The ducks at both ends help keep the group safe. They keep one eye open to watch for danger. The ducks in the middle sleep with both eyes closed. Seals breathe air, but that doesn’t stop them from sleeping underwater. They hold their breath and dive deep to sleep for up to twenty minutes at a time. Some fish make their own sleeping bags. They make a big bubble (气泡) and sleep inside it. It also keeps other animals from smelling them. If an animal hits the bubble, the fish swims away quickly. 1.How do seabirds sleep? A. By gliding in the air. B. By resting in the sea. C. By flying up and down. D. By staying in the bubbles. 2.Which animals have the same way of sleeping? A. Fish and seabirds. B. Seals and seabirds. C. Dolphins and seals. D. Dolphins and ducks. 3.What will happen if an animal hits the fish’s bubble? A. The fish will swim away. B. The fish will stay outside. C. The fish will make sleeping bags. D. The fish will smell other animals. 4.Which can be the structure of the passage? (P Paragraph) A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲述了动物们有各种各样的睡觉方式。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“They glide for many hours without moving their wings up and down. Sometimes they sleep while they glide.”可知，海鸟在滑行中睡觉。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time.”和“Ducks sleep with just half their brains, too.”可知，海豚和鸭子睡觉时只有一半的大脑在工作，它们的睡觉方式相同。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“If an animal hits the bubble, the fish swims away quickly.”可知，如果有动物撞到泡泡，鱼就会迅速游走。故选A。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。本文第一段引出主题：为了保持安全，动物们有很多不同的睡觉方式。第二段至第四段详细介绍了几种动物的睡觉方式。选项C的结构图与之符合。故选C。 主题语境01 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·宁夏银川第三中学·期中） In the age of the Internet, do young people still need to spend time learning some everyday life skills? To find the answer, we did a survey (调查) among 1,000 young people. Q: ________? Q: What life skills do you want to learn? Q: Why do you spend time learning life skills? Li: We live and learn. It’s fun to learn something new. Wang: I don’t want to ask my parents for help all the time in my life. Su: Learning something new is exciting. It is also a good way to relax. 1.How many young people want to learn how to shop for food? A. 408 B. 339 C. 318 D. 1000 2.Which sentence can we put in “________” ? A. Should children take the Internet seriously? B. Is it necessary for young people to learn life skills? C. Does the Internet play an important role in your life? D. Will more and more young people be good at life skills? 3.Why does Wang want to learn life skills? A. To have some fun. B. To relax after work. C. To live independently (独立地). D. To show her love of life. 4.What can we learn from the survey? A. Su dislikes doing housework. B. More than 400 people want to learn first aid. C. First aid is the second most popular life skill. D. Over 90% think young people need to learn life skills. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一项关于年轻人是否还需要学习日常生活技能的调查。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“To find the answer, we did a survey (调查) among 1,000 young people.”及“shopping for food”可知，“shopping for food”所占比例是31.8%，调查对象有1000人，因此人数为1000×31.8%=318人。故选C。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Yes, some of them are useful. We should make ourselves better.”及“No, the young don’t need them.”可知，空处应该是一般疑问句，且与年轻人学习某种技能有关，选项B“年轻人有必要学习生活技能吗？”符合语境。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Wang: I don’t want to ask my parents for help all the time in my life.”可知，Wang说不想一直向父母求助，因此是因为想要独立生活。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据图表可知，有92.9%的人认为年轻人应该学习生活技能，选项D“超过90%的人认为年轻人应该学习生活技能。”表述正确。故选D。 主题语境02 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·宁夏银川一中集团校·期中）①When you’re trying to make friends, you’ll probably meet someone who just doesn’t like you, though you’ve never done anything to him or her. Well, what should you do? Here’s some advice. ②Gossip (流言蜚语) can make meeting new people difficult, especially when people hear something bad about you. It can prevent someone from getting to know you at all. When you’re in a situation like this, it feels bad. Instead of trying to win them over (说服), however, just be yourself. As time goes by, they will see that the gossip about you is wrong. ③You’d think that your friend’s friends would also become your friends. But it doesn’t work that way. Sometimes people are happy with the friendships they already (已经) have, and they aren’t interested in adding any more. If someone chooses not to be friends with you, it’s fine. There’s nothing wrong with you or them. ④An even more difficult situation is when someone has met you and just doesn’t like you. Every joke you make is taken the wrong way. Every time you try to do something nice, they find fault (找茬儿). As much as it hurts, accept that not everyone is going to be your friend. ⑤In a word, if someone doesn’t want to be your friend, that’s okay. Don’t get angry with them because it’s their choice. Instead, give your time to the people who are interested in being with you. 1.If people choose to believe the gossip about you, you should _________. A. try to win them over B. let them know the truth C. forget about it and just be yourself D. find out where the gossip comes from 2.Why don’t people want to make new friends sometimes? A. Because they think it’s a waste of time making new friends. B. Because they are satisfied (满足) with the friends they have now. C. Because they worry that a new friend will influence their old friendship. D. Because they share no common interests with new friends. 3.Which is the best way to divide (分割) the passage? A. ①//②③④//⑤ B. ①//②③//④⑤ C. ①//②③④⑤ D. ①②//③④//⑤ 4.The passage mainly wants to tell us _________. A. how to make new friends B. how to have a talk with others C. how to be popular among friends. D. what to do when you’re not liked by others 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文针对“当别人不喜欢你时该怎么办”提供了建议，包括面对流言蜚语、对方不愿交新朋友或单纯不喜欢你等情况应如何应对。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Instead of trying to win them over, however, just be yourself.”可知，当别人因流言对你有偏见时，做自己就好，不必刻意说服他们。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Sometimes people are happy with the friendships they already have, and they aren’t interested in adding any more.”可知，有时人们满足于现有的友谊，不想再交新朋友。故选B。 (3)题解析： 篇章结构题。文章结构为：第一段引出问题；第二、三、四段分别给出三种情况的建议；第五段总结。因此最佳划分为①//②③④//⑤。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。全文围绕“当别人不喜欢你时该怎么办”展开，提供了具体建议，因此文章主要告诉我们当不被别人喜欢时该如何应对。故选D。 主题语境03 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·宁夏银川第三中学·期中）Mangroves (红树林) are important for our earth. They can take in plenty of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and make the air fresh. But around the world, the cities are developing and bringing us pollution (污染), so many mangrove forests are lost. Shenzhen is working hard to help mangroves. The city is small and busy, but it keeps 1% of the main city part for mangroves. The city even moves the Coastal Highway to protect the mangroves. To bring back the mangroves, the city also plants more mangroves in some right places. Now, the Futian Mangrove National Nature Reserve (福田红树林国家自然保护区) becomes home to migratory birds (候鸟). Many people in Shenzhen like helping mangroves. They enjoy activities like planting trees and making more people know about mangroves. But there aren’t many chances (机会) for them to join in. So, the city needs to do more and gives chances to let people help. Helping mangroves is good for our country and the world. We should do our best to help these important forests. And we still have a long way to go. 1.Why are mangroves important for our earth? A. Because they make the air fresh. B. Because they are around the world. C. Because they make the city grow. D. Because they grow with the cities. 2.What does the word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Birds. B. People. C. Mangroves. D. Cities. 3.Which of the following could be the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 4.What can we learn from the text? A. The mangroves are important to migratory birds. B. People have many chances to help mangroves. C. The mangroves around the world are fine now. D. People don’t know how to help mangroves. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了红树林对地球的重要性，深圳为保护红树林所做的努力，以及深圳民众参与红树林保护的情况，并指出保护红树林任重道远。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“They can take in plenty of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and make the air fresh.”可知，红树林能吸收大量二氧化碳，使空气清新，所以红树林对地球很重要。故选A。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Many people in Shenzhen like helping mangroves. They enjoy activities like planting trees and making more people know about mangroves.”可知，深圳很多人喜欢帮助红树林，他们喜欢植树等活动，“They”指代前面提到的“Many people”。故选B。 (3)题解析： 篇章结构题。文章第一段总体介绍红树林对地球的重要性；第二、三段具体阐述深圳保护红树林的举措以及深圳民众参与红树林保护的情况；第四段总结帮助红树林的意义并指出保护红树林任重道远。所以文章结构为①/②③/④。故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Now, the Futian Mangrove National Nature Reserve (福田红树林国家自然保护区) becomes home to migratory birds (候鸟).”可知，福田红树林国家自然保护区成为了候鸟的家园，由此可推知红树林对候鸟很重要。故选A。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·宁夏银川一中集团校·期中）People’s eyes may not be different in color. However, animals’ eyes are greatly different. In the animal world, there are lots of special eyes. Owls can still see well when it is dark. However, some people can never do that. There are some special things in owls’ eyes, so owls are good at seeing in the dark. Some animals have the ability to look at two places at the same time, such as the four-eyed fish (四眼鱼). Its eyes can move in a different way. The top half looks up, while the other half watches out for danger under the water. Chameleons can change their looks. They can also look at two places at the same time. Hunting for food also becomes easy for them, because they can keep a close watch on their food. Zoologists who study animals think these amazing eyeballs help animals survive (生存) better in the animal world. Do you know anything else about other animals’ eyes, such as cats? 1.What’s special about owls? A. They can see like people at night. B. Their eyes can work very well at night C. They are good at flying at night. D. They are good at finding food in the day. 2.Which animals have the same ability according to the text? A. Owls and chameleons. B. Owls and four-eyed fish. C. Four-eyed fish and chameleons. D. Chameleons and cats. 3.What helps chameleons hunt food easily? A. Their eyes can bring the food closer to them. B. Their eyes can focus on two places at once. C. Their noses can smell the food at once. D. They can change the look of their eyes. 4.What’s the best title of the passage? A. Special Eyes in the Animal World B. Human Eyes vs. Animal Eyes C. How do Zoologists Study Animal Eyes D. How to Protect Wild Animals 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了动物世界中几种特殊的眼睛，包括猫头鹰、四眼鱼和变色龙的眼睛特点及其功能。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“owls are good at seeing in the dark”可知，猫头鹰擅长在黑暗中看东西。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Some animals have the ability to look at two places at the same time, such as the four-eyed fish.”和第四段“Chameleons can also look at two places at the same time.”可知，四眼鱼和变色龙都有同时看两个地方的能力。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Hunting for food also becomes easy for them, because they can keep a close watch on their food.”可知，变色龙能同时注视两个地方，这使它们容易捕食。故选B。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。全文主要介绍了动物世界中几种特殊的眼睛及其功能，因此“动物世界中的特殊眼睛”最适合作为标题。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题05阅读理解（说明文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-旅游 【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.C 主题语境02人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.D 主题语境03人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.C Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.B 主题语境04人与自我-日常活动 【答案】1.C2.C3.A4.A 主题语境05人与自我-饮食 【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.A 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-人际交往 【答案】1.A2.B3.B4.C 113 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境02人与社会-文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.A3.C4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.A Passage 3 【答案】1.D2.B3.B4C 主题语境03人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.B 主题语境04人与社会-节日 【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.D 主题语境05人与自我-个人兴趣 【答案】1.A2.C3.A4.C 主题语境06人与自我-方法与哲理 【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.B 主题语境07人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.B Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.D3.A4.C 拓展培优 213 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境01人与社会-社会 【答案】1.C2.B3.C4.D 主题语境02人与自我-方法与哲理 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D 主题语境03人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.A Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.C3.B4.A 3/3 专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·宁夏中卫海原县高崖乡九年一贯制学校·期中）Do you like traveling? Here are some popular travel places for students in China. Chengdu, Sichuan Chengdu is famous for pandas. You can visit the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding to see cute pandas. They are usually active in the morning, so it’s best to go there before 10 a. m. The city also has delicious food, like hot pot and mapo tofu. Guilin, Guangxi Guilin is known for its beautiful mountains and rivers. The Li River cruise is a must-do. You can take a boat and enjoy the green mountains on both sides. The Reed Flute Cave is another interesting place—inside the cave, there are strange rocks that look like animals. Lijiang, Yunnan Lijiang has a long history. The Old Town of Lijiang is a World Heritage Site. You can walk on the stone streets and visit old houses. In the evening, you can listen to Naxi music in small bars. The weather there is cool all year round, so it’s comfortable to travel. 1.What is Chengdu famous for? A. Mountains. B. Pandas. C. Rivers. D. Old towns. 2.When is the best time to visit the panda base in Chengdu? A. Before 10 a. m. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. D. At night. 3.What can you do in Guilin? A. See pandas. B. Walk on stone streets. C. Take a Li River cruise. D. Listen to Naxi music. 4.Which place has a cool climate all year? A. Chengdu. B. Guilin. C. Lijiang. D. Beijing. 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·宁夏吴忠第三中学·期中）I’m a student from Xuchang, Henan. When people talk about Xuchang, many of them will think of Pangdonglai Supermarket. With a history of over 20 years, Pangdonglai Supermarket is a symbol of Xuchang. Almost all the people here know and love it. Some of you may ask why Pangdonglai Supermarket is so popular. One of the reasons is that the things there are cheap. People can find everything they need at good prices. If the thing you bought gets cheaper a few days later, the workers there will call you and refund you the money you overpaid. Pangdonglai Supermarket is also famous for its excellent service. The workers there are very friendly and always ready to help people. They put some magnifiers (放大镜) next to the things they sell to help the old to see them clearly. You can have a meal there as well as going shopping. I enjoy eating there with my friends on Saturday afternoons. All in all, with its cheap things and good service, Pangdonglai Supermarket wins the hearts of many people. 1.Pangdonglai Supermarket has a history of ________. A. less than 5 years B. less than 10 years C. more than 20 years D. more than 25 years 2.What does the underlined word “refund” mean in Chinese in Paragraph 2? A. 退还 B. 投资 C. 捐赠 D. 赞助 3.In the third paragraph, the writer mainly talks about Pangdonglai’s ________. A. symbol B. service C. workers D. meaning 4.What is the structure of the passage? A. ①-②③④ B. ①②-③④ C. ①②③-④ D. ①-②③-④ 主题语境03 人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 （25-26八上·宁夏盐池县联盟校·期中）Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here are some suggestions for you to bridge the generation gap (代沟). Don’t argue with your parents. Don’t get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. You can’t express (表达) yourself well if you are angry. Go to some places to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don’t think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise (妥协). Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it’s especially important to show love and respect to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values (价值，价值观). The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth (值得) having a try. 1.Who will have a communication problem? A. Parents and children of all ages. B. Children and other people. C. Parents and their school children. D. Teachers and their students. 2.How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 3.The underlined phrase “cool off” in the passage means “________”. A. make yourself happy B. get yourself quiet and relaxed C. become angry D. go away quickly 4.What’s the advantage (好处) of a good relationship with your parents? A. It can make you express yourself well. B. It can make you show love and respect to them. C. It can make you a better and happier person. D. It can make your parents feel proud. Passage 2 （25-26八上·宁夏固原西吉县马莲中学·期中）Do you want to keep healthy every day? Here are some things you can do. Get up early. To do it, you must go to bed early in the evening. Don’t watch TV or play computer games too late. You should go to bed before ten o’clock and then get up at about six in the morning. ________ It’s good to eat fruit and vegetables every day, because they’re healthy food. Ice cream and hamburgers taste good, but they are really not good for you. So don’t eat them every day. And you must eat a healthy breakfast every morning. Play sports every day. Don’t say that you are always busy, and have no time to play sports. That’s just an excuse. In the morning, you can run. After work, you can play ball games with your friends. Even in the evening, you can take a walk. When you’re free, just play sports! 1.Which one can be put into ________? A. Drink more water. B. Eat healthy food. C. Have three meals. D. Cook by yourself. 2.What does the underlined word “excuse” mean in Chinese? A. 建议 B. 玩笑 C. 原因 D. 借口 3.Which of the following is NOT the writer’s idea? A. You must eat a healthy breakfast every morning. B. Making time to exercise every day. C. Eating fruit and vegetables every day. D. Sleeping at least (至少) seven hours every day. 4.Where do you think this passage comes from? A. A storybook. B. A magazine. C. A dictionary. D. An ad (广告). 主题语境04 人与自我-日常活动 （25-26八上·宁夏盐池县联盟校·期中）①Housework is a great disciplinary (执行纪律的) tool to use for raising children. However, not all chores are suitable for every age. The following is advice on activities to develop the children’s good habits. ②Two-year-olds can learn how to take out the rubbish. They can also help their parents carry light things and hang up clothes. At this age children should learn how to put their toys away before going to bed. ③At the age of three, children can learn how to water plants and feed pets carefully. They should learn how to make their beds and put their dishes away. Children at this age can pick up the daily newspapers, and begin to learn how to wash clothes. ④Four-year-olds should be old enough to do what the two- and three-year-olds can do and more. They can make their beds, set the table, and clean up after dinner. They should also learn how to fold their clothes and put them in the correct cabinet (柜子), as well as how to choose their clothes for the following day. ⑤Children aged five should help clean the table and change their bed sheets. They can also prepare their schoolbags, as well as something else related to (与……有关) the next school day. At this age they should learn to clean their toys and tidy up their rooms. ⑥Children grow through personal experiences. The more things they do, the faster they will develop. Others help them only when it is necessary. It is important that they learn how to be independent and try to finish the tasks by themselves. 1.Match the ages with suitable (合适的) activities according to the passage. a. 2 years old b. 3 years old c. 4 years old d. 5 years old ①change bed sheets ②fold clothes ③hang up clothes ④wash clothes A. a—④; b—③; c—①; d—② B. a—③; b—④; c—①; d—② C. a—③; b—④; c—②; d—① D. a—④; b—②; c—③; d—① 2.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Two-year-old children. B. Three-year-old children. C. Four-year-old children. D. Five-year-old children. 3.What makes children grow according to the passage? A. Personal experiences. B. Help from parents. C. Relationships between friends. D. Schoolwork. 4.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 主题语境05 人与自我-饮食 （25-26八上·宁夏固原西吉县马莲中学·期中）Hello, my name is Alice. Do you want to know something about Chinese food? In China, there are many different kinds of foods. Among them, dumplings are the real Chinese food. They are really tasty. Many people in China like dumplings very much, and there are many different kinds of dumplings. Some have beef and vegetables in them and some have eggs and carrots in them. But I love eating dumplings with vegetables and beef. The Spring Festival is very important in China. When it comes, we make dumplings, and usually we put a coin (硬币) in a dumpling. We think that if one eats the dumpling with the coin in it, he or she can be lucky in the new year. Welcome to China. I’ll ask you to eat the real Chinese food: dumplings. 1.What kind of dumplings does Alice like? A. Dumplings with eggs and vegetables. B. Dumplings with eggs and carrots. C. Dumplings with vegetables and beef. D. Dumplings with meat and carrots. 2.Why do people put a coin in a dumpling? A. Because it is good for health. B. Because they have many coins. C. Because it is a real Chinese food. D. Because they think it is lucky. 3.What’s the structure (结构) of this passage? A. B. C. D. 4.Which can be the best title of the passage? A. A real Chinese food B. Alice’s favorite food C. The Spring Festival D. Dumplings with coins 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 （25-26八上·宁夏银川第三中学·期中）True friendship is a really important and beautiful thing in our lives. It’s not just about having fun together, going to the movies or eating delicious food. And it’s not just about giving each other expensive gifts, either. True friends will always be there for you when you are in trouble. For example, if you don’t do well in a test and you feel sad, a true friend will come to you right away. They will sit beside you and say kind words. Then they might study with you, help you solve the difficult problems, and make a study plan for you. Also, true friends will listen carefully when you share your happiness and sadness. When you tell them that you won a prize in a school competition, they will feel happy for you. When you talk about you argued with your parents and feel sad, they will listen carefully and give you good advice on it. They will always keep your secrets and never tell anyone else. Even if you live far away from each other and you might not see each other often, when you meet again or talk on the phone, it will still feel like you are together all the time. Your friendship will stay strong because of understanding each other, trusting (信任) each other, and always being willing to help each other. In a word, we should value true friendship. It makes our lives more colourful and meaningful. 1.What will true friends do when you win a prize according to the text? A. Feel truly happy for you. B. Stay away from you. C. Ask you to share the prize with them. D. Tell your secrets to others. 2.What can we infer (推断) about true friends from the text? A. Only talk when they’re together. B. Still be close even if they don’t meet often. C. Don’t care about each other’s feelings. D. Stay away when you are in trouble. 3.Which is close to the meaning of the underlined word “argued” in the third paragraph? A. 赞同 B. 争吵 C. 聊天 D. 使用 4.Why does the writer write this text? A. To tell stories about friends. B. To show how to make friends. C. To say what true friends are like. D. To explain why friendship is important. 主题语境02 人与社会-文化 Passage 1 （25-26八上·宁夏固原某校·期中）Men and women often do things in different ways. Scientists are curious to know the reasons. Through some research on the human brain, they’ve discovered some interesting facts. Generally, women’s brains make them notice and remember details (细节) more easily. They are more likely to think back to the smell in a room, the sound of a song, or the little things they see during the day. For example, a woman might easily remember what her friend wore last week. However, men’s brains are more focused on the task at hand. A man will pay more attention to a single (单一的) job until it’s fully finished. He might work on fixing a car without being influenced by other things. These different thinking patterns also influence how they view their lives. Women usually see all sides of their lives as connected. If they have a bad day at work, it might influence their mood (情绪) at home. However, men usually see each part of their lives, like work, hobbies, and family, as separate (独立的) pieces. In a team, men and women contribute (贡献) differently. Women are more likely to share ideas and build good relationships among team members. Men, on the other hand, prefer to arrange tasks and make everyone work effectively (有效地). Although men and women have their differences, both ways of thinking are important. They help us solve different problems and answer all kinds of questions in life. 1.What does the underlined word “curious” mean in Paragraph 1? A. fun. B. happy. C. interested. D. glad. 2.A woman usually remembers ________. A. details B. men’s brains C. the task D. a job 3.If a man is unhappy at work, when he is at home, he will ________. A. think it over and over B. be unhappy C. forget it D. cry for a long time 4.The writer wants to tell us that ________. A. men are better than women B. men can help women C. women are better than men D. they can help each other Passage 2 （25-26八上·宁夏固原第三中学·期中）①Tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It has a long history and rich culture. Many people enjoy drinking tea every day. ②The story of tea began in China more than 4,000 years ago. According to an old story, Emperor Shennong discovered tea by accident. One day, while he was boiling, some leaves fell into the water. He decided to taste the water. To his surprise, it was delicious. That was how tea was first discovered. ③In China, tea is not just a drink. It is an important part of Chinese culture. There are different kinds of tea, such as green tea, black tea, and oolong tea. People often serve tea when guests visit their homes. The Chinese tea ceremony is a traditional way to make and drink tea. It shows respect and friendship. ④Tea also spread to(传播) other countries from China. It went to Japan in the 6th century and then to Europe in the 17th century. Different countries have their own ways of drinking tea. In England, people like to add milk and sugar to their tea. They usually have afternoon tea with sandwiches and cakes. In Japan, the tea ceremony is very important and has strict rules. ⑤Today, tea is grown in many parts of the world, including China, India, Kenya, and Sri Lanka. It not only tastes good but also has many health benefits (益处). Some studies show that drinking tea can help keep our bodies healthy, like making us feel more relaxed and helping with digestion (消化). 1.How did Emperor Shennong discover tea? A. He picked tea leaves and ate them directly. B. Tea leaves fell into the boiling water he made, and he tasted it. C. A friend gave him a cup of tea to drink. D. He saw people drinking tea and wanted to try. 2.What does the Chinese tea ceremony show? A. How to make tea quickly. B. The importance of drinking tea every day. C. Respect and friendship. D. Different types of tea. 3.When did tea spread to Europe? A. In the 6th century. B. In the 20th century. C. More than 4,000 years ago. D. In the 17th century 4.What’s the structure of the passage? A. ①→②③④→⑤ B. ①→②③④⑤ C. ①→②③→④⑤ D. ①②→③④⑤ Passage 3 （25-26八上·宁夏银川第三十八中学·期中）Do you have any foreign friends? Do you know their personalities? The Germans are very quiet and they always keep calm. They don’t like to speak much. They look very serious. The Germans are very hard-working. They like tidiness, especially the women. They always keep their home clean. In some ways, the Englishmen look the same as the Germans. They are very quiet and never talk too much with strangers. They are really polite, so we often hear them say “Thank you” or “Sorry”. The Frenchmen’s holidays are very long. They like traveling and usually spend a long time staying in other countries. The Frenchmen are more outgoing than the Germans. It is very easy to make friends with them. Compared to the Frenchmen, the Americans are more outgoing. And they are even more outgoing than all of the Europeans. They don’t like to depend on（依靠）others. So it is very common that the students do part-time jobs in their free time. And in Americans’ eyes, success is an important part in their life. 1.According to the passage,_______ are very quiet. A. only the Germans B. only the Englishmen C. only the Frenchmen D. both the Germans and the Englishmen 2.What can we learn about the Frenchmen from the passage? A. They are more outgoing than the Americans. B. It is very easy to make friends with them. C. They like traveling in their own country. D. They look serious and are always hard-working. 3.How is the passage organized?（P1= Paragraph 1,…） A. B. C. D. 4.Which is the best title of the passage? A. Foreigners’ hobbies B. Who are more outgoing? C. Personalities of foreigners D. Success is an important part in Americans’ life 主题语境03 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·宁夏银川外国语实验学校·期中）①We use the internet a lot every day. We have lessons or watch videos online. We talk to friends through WeChat. But those are not all. In the future, we are going to connect everything around us to the internet. We might connect the fridge, the car, the house and even the whole city to the internet. It is a big idea called the “Internet of Things (IoT)”. With it, we can “talk” to our car and our house through the internet. The car and the house can also “talk” to each other. How does this happen? ②Your house knows when you are at home and when you are not. So in summer, it makes rooms cool when you are in. And after you leave, it stops cooling down the rooms. ③Your fridge can “remember” what you put in and take out of it. So it can send you emails with dinner ideas. And it will buy things online for you when the food runs low! ④Your car will send your house messages when you drive home. So the house turns on the lights before you go back. ⑤With the idea of the “IoT”, life will become better and we can save time. Do you like it? 1.What does the idea of the “IoT” mean? A. It means that we can watch online videos through the internet. B. It means that we can do some online shopping through the internet. C. It means that we can take different lessons online through the internet. D. It means that we can “talk” to things and things can also “talk” with each other through the internet. 2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. The email. B. The fridge. C. The room. D. The car. 3.What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The “IoT” will bring us a better life. B. The “IoT” can help us do everything. C. The “IoT” can help us do housework. D. The “IoT” can help us save time and money. 4.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 主题语境04 人与社会-节日 （25-26八上·宁夏银川阅海中学·期中）How is the weather in your town or city now? Are you feeling winter is coming? Lidong, Winter, falls on November 7 in 2024. Lidong was a big day in ancient China: Before the day, the emperors would take a bath and have no meat. On that day, the emperors and their officials would all dress in black and go out of the city to welcome winter. Today, to welcome the day, some people choose to have swimming games in some cold places such as Harbin in Heilongjiang Province. As winter comes, the weather gets colder and colder. Chinese people often eat different kinds of food to keep warm and healthy. On the day of Lidong, people in North China love eating dumplings. In South China, people love to eat chicken, duck and fish. In some places in Guangdong Province, people eat sugarcane (甘蔗). They think it is good for their teeth. In Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, people eat green onions (大葱) for good health. Lidong is the time to start wearing warm clothes. In ancient times, the emperors would hand out warm winter clothes to the officials. People would also remember to give “clothes” to their dead family members. They would also provide (提供) delicious food to the lost ones to show how much they missed them. 1.What did the emperors do to welcome winter in ancient times? ①They took a bath. ②They didn’t eat meat. ③They wore black clothes. ④They had a swimming game. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ②③④ D. ①③④ 2.What can we know about Lidong from the last paragraph? A. Family and friends often get together. B. The emperors gave warm clothes to poor people. C. People showed how much they missed their dead family members. D. Enjoying delicious food is the most important thing to do. 3.What is the passage mainly about? A. The different weather in China during winter. B. The history and customs of the Start of Winter (Lidong) in China. C. The special foods people eat in North and South China. D. How the ancient Chinese emperors celebrated festival. 4.In which part of a newspaper can we read this text? A. Sports. B. People. C. Health. D. Festival. 主题语境05 人与自我-个人兴趣 （25-26八上·宁夏银川一中集团校·期中）Do you have hobbies? Do you know what hobbies can help you? Here are some benefits (益处) of them. They help you learn. When you have a hobby, you learn new things. You can search online and read some books to get more information about your hobby. More reading can make you a better reader and a better learner. They help you be creative (有创造力的). For many hobbies like building model cars (汽车模型), your brain (大脑) and your hands are all very important. We learn by doing things and by touching things. They help you be relaxed. Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists (科学家) say, “When you make something, the ‘feel-good’ part of your brain gets a message (信息). It makes you feel relaxed.” In short, hobbies help you learn new things and make you a well-rounded man. Hope everyone can have them and live happily. 1.What can make you a better learner from the passage? A. More reading. B. More thinking. C. More writing. D. More speaking. 2.For which hobby are your brain and hands both very important? A. Watching films. B. Singing songs. C. Building model cars. D. Swimming. 3.What does the underlined word “well-rounded” mean in paragraph ⑤? A. 全面发展的 B. 心宽体胖的 C. 固步自封的 D. 八面玲珑的 4.What does the word “them” refer to in the last paragraph? A. New things. B. Well-rounded men. C. Hobbies. D. Benefits. 主题语境06 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·宁夏中卫第六中学·期中）Most students do not enjoy doing housework. Some of them think that cleaning the bathroom or cooking dinner for the family is boring. However, if you try the following ways, you will find that housework is not as boring as you think. Learn to do small things You should learn to do small things. For example, you can do the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed. Part of growing up is to be able to take care of yourself. Doing some things around the house shows that you are becoming responsible. Divide (分担) housework among the family In fact, it’s too tiring for one person to do all the housework alone. It’s good to divide housework into different parts. All the family members will do the housework together. Dividing housework among all the family members will make everyone’s job much easier. Make it fun Cooking is one part of housework. Cooking can be very fun if you put your heart into it. If you learn how to cook your favourite food, you will also get a feeling of satisfaction (满足). 1.Why don’t most students enjoy doing housework? A. They are too busy with study. B. They think it’s boring. C. They don’t know how to do it. D. Their parents don’t let them do it. 2.You can start by learning to do some small things EXCEPT (除了) ________. A. doing the dishes B. sweeping the floor C. making the bed D. repairing the house 3.The underlined word “responsible” probably means ________ in Chinese. A. 懒惰的 B. 令人兴奋的 C. 特别的 D. 负责任的 4.What’s the main idea of the passage? A. It’s about some boring chores we have to do. B. It’s about how to make the boring housework more interesting. C. It’s about how to divide housework into parts. D. It’s about how to find the joy of our life. 主题语境07 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·宁夏盐池县联盟校·期中）You may not know their names, but you’ve probably seen photos of them swimming in hot springs online. They’re called capybaras (水豚), a kind of cute animal with some amazing facts. They are big. As the world’s largest rodents (啮齿动物), adult capybaras can weigh up to 50 kg. They are as heavy as some humans! They can be up to 130 cm tall. Although they are fat, they can swim fast at a speed of up to 35 km/h. They love water. Capybaras spend a lot of time in water. Their special feet help them move quickly through water, and they can also stay underwater for up to five minutes at a time. Capybaras like to sleep in water to avoid (避免) getting sunburnt. They have an unusual diet. Capybaras love to eat hard grasses, which need to be chewed (咀嚼) many times. To finish the long chewing, capybaras’ teeth never stop growing. Capybaras also eat their own waste. They do this because the grasses they eat are too hard to digest (消化). By eating its waste, a capybara can get useful bacteria (细菌) into its stomach to help it digest food. It’s clear that capybaras are valuable to humans. Whether they’re online or at your local zoo, these cute friends are sure to make you smile at them. 1.What can we know about capybaras according to Paragraph 2? A. They are the largest animals. B. They are light in weight. C. They are as tall as an adult. D. They are good swimmers. 2.How do capybaras stay away from the hot sun? A. By swimming fast. B. By sleeping in water. C. By staying under the rocks. D. By spending time in the forest. 3.Why do capybaras eat their own waste? A. Because it is better for their teeth. B. Because it takes less time to chew. C. Because it can help them to digest. D. Because it is softer than grasses. 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell us some useful ways to protect capybaras. B. To show us some amazing facts about capybaras. C. To tell us different dangers capybaras are facing. D. To show us the most valuable animal in the world. Passage 2 （25-26八上·宁夏银川第十五中学·期中）Almost all animals need to sleep to stay healthy. But sleeping can be dangerous because other animals may hunt sleeping animals. To help them stay safe, animals have many different ways of sleeping. Some of these ways may surprise you! Some seabirds can sleep while they fly. These large birds spend most of their lives over the ocean. They are in danger on the water, but they are safe in the air. They glide (滑行) for many hours without moving their wings up and down. Sometimes they sleep while they glide. A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time. It must stay awake to breathe and to watch for danger. Dolphins can swim without sleep for two months to stay safe. Ducks sleep with just half their brains, too. These ducks often sleep in a line. The ducks at both ends help keep the group safe. They keep one eye open to watch for danger. The ducks in the middle sleep with both eyes closed. Seals breathe air, but that doesn’t stop them from sleeping underwater. They hold their breath and dive deep to sleep for up to twenty minutes at a time. Some fish make their own sleeping bags. They make a big bubble (气泡) and sleep inside it. It also keeps other animals from smelling them. If an animal hits the bubble, the fish swims away quickly. 1.How do seabirds sleep? A. By gliding in the air. B. By resting in the sea. C. By flying up and down. D. By staying in the bubbles. 2.Which animals have the same way of sleeping? A. Fish and seabirds. B. Seals and seabirds. C. Dolphins and seals. D. Dolphins and ducks. 3.What will happen if an animal hits the fish’s bubble? A. The fish will swim away. B. The fish will stay outside. C. The fish will make sleeping bags. D. The fish will smell other animals. 4.Which can be the structure of the passage? (P Paragraph) A. B. C. D. 主题语境01 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·宁夏银川第三中学·期中） In the age of the Internet, do young people still need to spend time learning some everyday life skills? To find the answer, we did a survey (调查) among 1,000 young people. Q: ________? Q: What life skills do you want to learn? Q: Why do you spend time learning life skills? Li: We live and learn. It’s fun to learn something new. Wang: I don’t want to ask my parents for help all the time in my life. Su: Learning something new is exciting. It is also a good way to relax. 1.How many young people want to learn how to shop for food? A. 408 B. 339 C. 318 D. 1000 2.Which sentence can we put in “________” ? A. Should children take the Internet seriously? B. Is it necessary for young people to learn life skills? C. Does the Internet play an important role in your life? D. Will more and more young people be good at life skills? 3.Why does Wang want to learn life skills? A. To have some fun. B. To relax after work. C. To live independently (独立地). D. To show her love of life. 4.What can we learn from the survey? A. Su dislikes doing housework. B. More than 400 people want to learn first aid. C. First aid is the second most popular life skill. D. Over 90% think young people need to learn life skills. 主题语境02 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·宁夏银川一中集团校·期中）①When you’re trying to make friends, you’ll probably meet someone who just doesn’t like you, though you’ve never done anything to him or her. Well, what should you do? Here’s some advice. ②Gossip (流言蜚语) can make meeting new people difficult, especially when people hear something bad about you. It can prevent someone from getting to know you at all. When you’re in a situation like this, it feels bad. Instead of trying to win them over (说服), however, just be yourself. As time goes by, they will see that the gossip about you is wrong. ③You’d think that your friend’s friends would also become your friends. But it doesn’t work that way. Sometimes people are happy with the friendships they already (已经) have, and they aren’t interested in adding any more. If someone chooses not to be friends with you, it’s fine. There’s nothing wrong with you or them. ④An even more difficult situation is when someone has met you and just doesn’t like you. Every joke you make is taken the wrong way. Every time you try to do something nice, they find fault (找茬儿). As much as it hurts, accept that not everyone is going to be your friend. ⑤In a word, if someone doesn’t want to be your friend, that’s okay. Don’t get angry with them because it’s their choice. Instead, give your time to the people who are interested in being with you. 1.If people choose to believe the gossip about you, you should _________. A. try to win them over B. let them know the truth C. forget about it and just be yourself D. find out where the gossip comes from 2.Why don’t people want to make new friends sometimes? A. Because they think it’s a waste of time making new friends. B. Because they are satisfied (满足) with the friends they have now. C. Because they worry that a new friend will influence their old friendship. D. Because they share no common interests with new friends. 3.Which is the best way to divide (分割) the passage? A. ①//②③④//⑤ B. ①//②③//④⑤ C. ①//②③④⑤ D. ①②//③④//⑤ 4.The passage mainly wants to tell us _________. A. how to make new friends B. how to have a talk with others C. how to be popular among friends. D. what to do when you’re not liked by others 主题语境03 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·宁夏银川第三中学·期中）Mangroves (红树林) are important for our earth. They can take in plenty of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and make the air fresh. But around the world, the cities are developing and bringing us pollution (污染), so many mangrove forests are lost. Shenzhen is working hard to help mangroves. The city is small and busy, but it keeps 1% of the main city part for mangroves. The city even moves the Coastal Highway to protect the mangroves. To bring back the mangroves, the city also plants more mangroves in some right places. Now, the Futian Mangrove National Nature Reserve (福田红树林国家自然保护区) becomes home to migratory birds (候鸟). Many people in Shenzhen like helping mangroves. They enjoy activities like planting trees and making more people know about mangroves. But there aren’t many chances (机会) for them to join in. So, the city needs to do more and gives chances to let people help. Helping mangroves is good for our country and the world. We should do our best to help these important forests. And we still have a long way to go. 1.Why are mangroves important for our earth? A. Because they make the air fresh. B. Because they are around the world. C. Because they make the city grow. D. Because they grow with the cities. 2.What does the word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Birds. B. People. C. Mangroves. D. Cities. 3.Which of the following could be the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 4.What can we learn from the text? A. The mangroves are important to migratory birds. B. People have many chances to help mangroves. C. The mangroves around the world are fine now. D. People don’t know how to help mangroves. Passage 2 （25-26八上·宁夏银川一中集团校·期中）People’s eyes may not be different in color. However, animals’ eyes are greatly different. In the animal world, there are lots of special eyes. Owls can still see well when it is dark. However, some people can never do that. There are some special things in owls’ eyes, so owls are good at seeing in the dark. Some animals have the ability to look at two places at the same time, such as the four-eyed fish (四眼鱼). Its eyes can move in a different way. The top half looks up, while the other half watches out for danger under the water. Chameleons can change their looks. They can also look at two places at the same time. Hunting for food also becomes easy for them, because they can keep a close watch on their food. Zoologists who study animals think these amazing eyeballs help animals survive (生存) better in the animal world. Do you know anything else about other animals’ eyes, such as cats? 1.What’s special about owls? A. They can see like people at night. B. Their eyes can work very well at night C. They are good at flying at night. D. They are good at finding food in the day. 2.Which animals have the same ability according to the text? A. Owls and chameleons. B. Owls and four-eyed fish. C. Four-eyed fish and chameleons. D. Chameleons and cats. 3.What helps chameleons hunt food easily? A. Their eyes can bring the food closer to them. B. Their eyes can focus on two places at once. C. Their noses can smell the food at once. D. They can change the look of their eyes. 4.What’s the best title of the passage? A. Special Eyes in the Animal World B. Human Eyes vs. Animal Eyes C. How do Zoologists Study Animal Eyes D. How to Protect Wild Animals / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $