Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 单词词组句式讲练-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 单词默写 1. fitness ________________________ 人教版必修一同步讲解练习本 2. 传奇故事(或人物)；传说 ________________________ 3. soccer ________________________ 4. 体育场；运动场 ________________________ 5. boxing ________________________ 6. 羽毛球运动 ________________________ 7. marathon ________________________ 8. 比赛项目；大事；公开活动 ________________________ 9. come along ________________________ 10. 主办；主持；主人；东道主 ________________________ 11. track ________________________ 12. 田径 ________________________ 13. gym ________________________ 14. 锻炼；计算出；解决 ________________________ 15. sweat ________________________ 16. 获得成功；准时到达 ________________________ 17. athlete ________________________ 18. 高手；主人；精通；掌握 ________________________ 19. set an example ________________________ 20. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 ________________________ 21. glory ________________________ 22. 奖章；勋章 ________________________ 23. championship ________________________ 24. 冠军；优胜者 ________________________ 25. determination ________________________ 26. 分离；分开；成碎片 ________________________ 27. fall apart ________________________ 28. 使受伤；损害 ________________________ 29. injured ________________________ 30. (运动队)队长；船长；机长 ________________________ 31. lose heart ________________________ 32. 优美的；优雅的 ________________________ 33. strength ________________________ 34. 失败；失败的人(或事物) ________________________ 35. give up ________________________ 36. 竞争；对抗 ________________________ 37. make sense ________________________ 38. 假装；装扮 ________________________ 39. pretend to do sth ________________________ 40. 即使；虽然 ________________________ 41. million ________________________ 42. 作弊；舞弊；欺骗；骗子 ________________________ 43. audience ________________________ 44. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的 ________________________ 45. slim ________________________ 46. 规定饮食；日常饮食；节食 ________________________ 47. make a difference ________________________ 48. 而不是 ________________________ 49. rather ________________________ 50. 俯卧撑 ________________________ 51. cut … out ________________________ 52. 有时；偶尔 ________________________ 53. compare … with/to … ________________________ 54. 慢跑 ________________________ 55. stress ________________________ 56. 错误；差错 ________________________ 参考答案 1. fitness n. 健康；健壮；适合 2. 传奇故事(或人物)；传说 legend 3. soccer n. 足球；足球运动 4. 体育场；运动场 stadium 5. boxing n. 拳击(运动) 6. 羽毛球运动 badminton 7. marathon n. 马拉松赛跑 8. 比赛项目；大事；公开活动 event 9. come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快 10. 主办；主持；主人；东道主 host 11. track n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 vt. & vi. 追踪；跟踪 12. 田径 track and field 13. gym n. 健身房；体育馆 14. 锻炼；计算出；解决 work out 15. sweat vt. 使出汗；出汗弄湿 vi. 出汗；流汗 n. 汗水；出汗 16. 获得成功；准时到达 make it 17. athlete n. 运动员；运动健儿 18. 高手；主人；精通；掌握 master 19. set an example 树立榜样 20. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 honour 21. glory n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美 22. 奖章；勋章 medal 23. championship n. 锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号 24. 冠军；优胜者 champion 25. determination n. 决心；决定 26. 分离；分开；成碎片 apart 27. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 28. 使受伤；损害 injure 29. injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的 30. (运动队)队长；船长；机长 captain 31. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气 32. 优美的；优雅的 graceful 33. strength n. 力量；体力 34. 失败；失败的人(或事物) failure 35. give up 放弃；投降 36. 竞争；对抗 compete 37. make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 38. 假装；装扮 pretend 39. pretend to do sth 假装做某事 40. 即使；虽然 even if/though 41. million num. 一百万 42. 作弊；舞弊；欺骗；骗子 cheat 43. audience n. 观众；听众 44. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的 positive 45. slim adj. 苗条的；单薄的 46. 规定饮食；日常饮食；节食 diet 47. make a difference 有作用或影响 48. 而不是 rather than 49. rather adv. 相当；有点儿 50. 俯卧撑 push‑up 51. cut … out 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下 52. 有时；偶尔 now and then 53. compare … with/to … 与……比较 54. 慢跑 jog 55. stress n. 压力；紧张；重音 vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安 56. 错误；差错 error 词性转换 1. fit → ________ n.健康；健壮；适合 2. athlete → ________ adj.运动的；健壮的 3. determine → ________ adj.有决心的；________ n.决心；决定 4. injure → ________ adj.受伤的；有伤的；________ n.伤害；损伤 5. compete → ________ n.比赛；竞赛；________ n.竞争者；对手；________ adj.竞争的；有竞争力的 6. glory → ________ adj.光荣的；辉煌的 7. honour → ________ adj.光荣的；可敬的 8. fail → ________ n.失败；失败的人(或事物) 9. stress → ________ adj.充满压力的；________ adj.感到有压力的 10. positive → ________ adv.积极地；肯定地 11. grace → ________ adj.优美的；优雅的 参考答案 1. fitness 2. athletic 3. determined；determination 4. injured；injury 5. competition；competitor；competitive 6. glorious 7. honourable 8. failure 9. stressful；stressed 10. positively 11. graceful 单句语法填空 1.（2024辽宁部分重点中学模拟）His ________ (determine) to overcome difficulties helped him win the game finally. 2. ________ (compete) from all over the world will gather in the stadium to take part in the global sports event. 3. The ________ (injure) volleyball players received professional treatment the moment they got off the coach. 4. Only those who are fully‑prepared can survive such a highly ________ (compete) sports environment. 5. Having gone through countless hardships, the female athlete achieved ________ (glory) results in the world championships. 6. Regarded as a real hero, he taught us that a temporary ________ (fail) should never stop us from moving forward. 7. Burdened with heavy training tasks, many teenage athletes feel ________ (stress) both physically and mentally. 8. Regular outdoor exercise is an effective way to reduce ________ (stress) caused by tight training schedules. 9. No matter what difficulties you meet, you should look ________ (positive) at every set‑back in sports. 10. It is widely acknowledged that proper exercise can improve people’s physical ________ (fit). 11. Deeply attracted by her ________ (grace) movements, thousands of audience stood up to applaud the gymnast. 12. The ________ (athlete) meeting, scheduled for next month, will draw public attention to teenagers’ sports development. 13. It was his ________ (honour) deeds both in and out of the playground that won him wide respect among fans. 14. A serious knee ________ (injure), which happened during training, forced him to drop out of the important championship. 15. As an outstanding ________ (compete), she devotes most of her spare time to guiding teenage trainees. 16. ________ (determine) to realise his sports dream, the young boy kept practising badminton regardless of bad weather. 17. He was presented with a gold medal in ________ (honour) of his lifelong devotion to the cause of sports. 18. While chasing ________ (glory) medals, we ought to attach great importance to our mental health. 19. Before the final match, the coach stressed the value of mental ________ (positive) among all team members. 20. With her outstanding ________ (grace) on the court, she has earned enormous praise from sports fans at home and abroad. 参考答案与详细解析 1. 答案：determination 解析：形容词性物主代词His后接名词；动词determine转化为不可数名词determination，表示“决心”。 句意：他克服重重困难的决心最终帮助他赢得了这场比赛。 2. 答案：Competitors 解析：句子缺少主语；动词compete变为指人名词competitor；根据will gather可知用复数形式Competitors，句首首字母大写。 句意：来自世界各地的参赛者将汇聚体育场，参加这项全球体育赛事。 3. 答案：injured 解析：形容词作前置定语修饰名词players；动词injure转换为形容词injured，意为“受伤的”。 句意：受伤的排球运动员一下大巴就得到了专业救治。 4. 答案：competitive 解析：副词highly修饰形容词，形容词修饰名词environment；compete变为形容词competitive，意为“竞争激烈的”。 句意：只有准备充分的人才能在竞争如此激烈的体育环境中生存下来。 5. 答案：glorious 解析：形容词修饰名词results；名词glory转化为形容词glorious，意为“辉煌的；光荣的”。Having gone through…为现在分词作让步状语。 句意：历经无数磨难之后，这位女运动员在世锦赛上取得了辉煌的成绩。 6. 答案：failure 解析：不定冠词a后面接可数名词单数；动词fail变为名词failure，意为“失败”。 句意：他被视作真正的英雄，他告诉我们一次暂时的失败永远不该阻挡我们前进。 7. 答案：stressed 解析：系动词feel后接形容词作表语；‑ed形容词用来描述人的主观感受；stress变为stressed，意为“感到有压力的”；Burdened with…过去分词作原因状语。 句意：背负繁重的训练任务，许多青少年运动员身心都倍感压力。 8. 答案：stress 解析：动词reduce后接名词作宾语；stress作不可数名词，意为“压力”；过去分词短语caused by…作后置定语。 句意：规律的户外运动是缓解紧张训练日程带来的压力的有效途径。 9. 答案：positively 解析：副词修饰动词短语look at；形容词positive变为副词positively，意为“积极地”；No matter what引导让步状语从句。 句意：无论遇到什么困难，面对运动中的每一次挫折你都应该积极看待。 10. 答案：fitness 解析：形容词physical修饰名词；形容词fit转化名词fitness，意为“健康；健壮”；that引导主语从句。 句意：人们普遍认同适度锻炼能够提升人的身体健康水平。 11. 答案：graceful 解析：形容词修饰名词movements；名词grace变为形容词graceful“优雅的”；Deeply attracted by…分词作原因状语。 句意：数千名观众被她优雅的动作深深打动，起立为这位体操运动员鼓掌。 12. 答案：athletic 解析：形容词修饰名词meeting；名词athlete变为形容词athletic，意为“体育的；运动的”；过去分词短语scheduled for next month作后置定语。 句意：定于下月举办的体育大会将把公众的目光引向青少年体育事业发展。 13. 答案：honourable 解析：形容词修饰名词deeds；名词honour变为形容词honourable，意为“高尚的；可敬的”；本句为强调句型It was … that …。 句意：正是他赛场内外高尚的品行，为他赢得粉丝广泛的敬重。 14. 答案：injury 解析：形容词serious修饰名词；动词injure变为名词injury，意为“伤痛，损伤”；which引导非限制性定语从句。 句意：训练期间发生的严重膝盖伤痛迫使他退出这场重要锦标赛。 15. 答案：competitor 解析：不定冠词an后接可数名词单数；compete变为指人名词competitor，意为“选手；参赛者”；As引导方式状语。 句意：作为一名杰出选手，她把大部分空余时间投入到指导青少年受训者的工作中。 16. 答案：Determined 解析：形容词作状语，描述主语the young boy的内在状态；determine转换形容词determined“意志坚定的”；句首首字母大写；regardless of引导让步状语。 句意：意志坚定，这个小男孩不顾恶劣天气，坚持练习羽毛球。 17. 答案：honour 解析：固定搭配in honour of意为“为表彰；纪念”，介词后接名词honour。 句意：为表彰他毕生对体育事业的奉献，他被授予一枚金牌。 18. 答案：glorious 解析：形容词修饰名词medals；glory变为形容词glorious；While引导省略式时间状语从句。 句意：在追逐光荣奖牌的同时，我们应当高度重视自己的心理健康。 19. 答案：positivity 解析：形容词mental修饰名词；形容词positive变为名词positivity，意为“积极性；乐观心态”。 句意：决赛开打前，教练向全体队员强调了心态乐观的重要意义。 20. 答案：grace 解析：形容词性物主代词Her后面接名词，在with复合结构中作宾语；名词grace意为“优雅；风度”。 句意：凭借赛场上出众的优雅风度，她赢得了国内外体育粉丝的高度赞誉。 重点词组讲练 1. come along｜跟随；到达；进步；赶快 课本原句：Would you like to come along? 讲解：①表示“一同前往，跟着去”；②表示（事物）进展、进步；③口语表催促“快点”。 例句：You can come along with us if you have time. 如果你有空，可以和我们一起去。 中译英仿写：如果你愿意，你可以跟我们一起去看比赛。 ________________________________________________ 2. work out｜锻炼；计算出；解决 课本原句：Come and work out at a gym! Sweat your way to good health! 讲解：高频多义短语；本单元义项锻炼身体；另外义：算出数学题；解决难题。代词放中间 work sth out。 例句：I work out in the gym three times a week. 我每周去健身房锻炼三次。 中译英仿写：我每周锻炼两次来保持身体健康。 ________________________________________________ 3. make it｜获得成功；准时到达；做到 课本原句：You can make it! 讲解：口语高频短语，后常接to +地点，表示“及时赶到某地”；也可表示“成功做成难事”。 例句：If you keep trying, you will make it in the end. 如果你不断努力，最后你会成功。 中译英仿写练习：只要坚持训练，你就可以做到。 ________________________________________________ 4. set an example｜树立榜样 课本原句：They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. 讲解：固定搭配 set a good example to/for sb 为某人树立好榜样。 例句：Lang Ping sets a good example for young athletes. 郎平为年轻运动员树立了榜样。 中译英仿写练习：这位老运动员为我们树立了很好的榜样。 ________________________________________________ 5. fall apart｜破裂；破碎；崩溃 课本原句：The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. 讲解：不及物短语，无被动；可指物体破碎，也可指团队、关系瓦解，人的精神崩溃。 例句：Their friendship fell apart after the big argument. 大吵一架之后他们的友谊破裂了。 中译英仿写练习：当遇到困难的时候，不要让你的精神崩溃。 ________________________________________________ 6. lose heart｜丧失信心；泄气 课本原句：Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. 讲解：不加冠词，lose heart 泄气；lose one’s heart to sb 爱上某人，两个短语区分。 例句：Don’t lose heart when you fail the game. 比赛失利的时候不要泄气。 中译英仿写练习：无论发生什么，永远不要丧失信心。 ________________________________________________ 7. make sense｜有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 课本原句：That doesn’t make any sense! 讲解：否定形式 make no sense / doesn’t make any sense 没道理；讲不通。 例句：What you said doesn’t make sense to me. 我觉得你说的话讲不通。 中译英仿写练习：你的建议听起来很有道理。 ________________________________________________ 8. pretend to do sth｜假装做某事 课本原句：A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. 讲解：pretend后接不定式；拓展 pretend to be doing 假装正在做；pretend to have done 假装已经做过。 例句：He pretended not to know the truth. 他假装不知道真相。 中译英仿写练习：不要假装没有听见我说的话。 ________________________________________________ 9. make a difference｜有作用或影响 课本原句：I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! 讲解：make a big / much difference 产生很大影响；make no difference 没有作用、没影响。 例句：Small changes can make a big difference to your fitness. 小小的改变可以对你的健康产生很大影响。 中译英仿写练习：坚持锻炼会对你的健康产生很大的影响。 ________________________________________________ 10. rather than｜而不是 课本原句：Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. 讲解：平行结构，前后成分形式保持一致；连接名词、动词、动名词等。 例句：I choose to take exercise rather than stay at home. 我选择锻炼而不是待在家里。 中译英仿写练习：我们应该关注健康，而不是体重。 ________________________________________________ 11. cut … out｜停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下 课本原句：Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. 讲解：本单元义项：停止食用某物；另一含义：剪下，裁剪。代词放中间 cut it out。 例句：You’d better cut out junk food to keep fit. 为了保持健康，你最好停止吃垃圾食品。 中译英仿写练习：为了身体健康，你应该停止吃甜食。 ________________________________________________ 12. now and then｜有时；偶尔 课本原句：I could still have a burger now and then, but I would add a salad or an apple. 讲解：同义短语：from time to time，at times，偶尔，时不时。 例句：I go jogging now and then on weekends. 我周末偶尔会慢跑。 中译英仿写练习：我偶尔会看一场体育比赛放松自己。 ________________________________________________ 13. compare … with/to …｜与……比较 课本原句：Finally, I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models … 讲解：compare A with B 把A和B作对比（找异同）；compare A to B 把A比作B。 例句：Don’t always compare yourself with other athletes. 不要总是拿自己和别的运动员比较。 中译英仿写练习：不要拿你的成绩和别人做比较。 ________________________________________________ 仿写练习参考答案 1. You can come along with us to watch the match if you want. 2. I work out twice a week to keep healthy. 3. As long as you keep training, you can make it. 4. The old athlete sets a good example for us. 5. Don’t let your spirit fall apart when you meet difficulties. 6. Never lose heart, no matter what happens. 7. Your suggestion makes good sense. 8. Don’t pretend not to hear what I said. 9. Keeping exercising can make a big difference to your health. 10. We should focus on fitness rather than weight. 11. You should cut out sweet food for your physical health. 12. I watch a sports game now and then to relax myself. 13. Don’t compare your grades with others. 重点句型讲练 【who引导限制性定语从句，先行词为人，从句并列双谓语】 · 课文原句：They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. · 讲解：who在从句中作主语，指代先行词；从句包含and连接的两套并列谓语，用来描述人物双重特质。 中译英仿写：我们敬重那些学识渊博同时又乐于帮助同学的老师。 ________________________________________________ 【动名词作主语 + but 并列转折分句】 · 课文原句：Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. · 讲解：动名词doing在句中充当主语；but连接两个独立分句表转折，but不能和although/though连用。 中译英仿写：面对繁重的课业是一大考验，但我们不该轻易放弃。 ________________________________________________ 【when引导时间状语从句 + seem to do 似乎/好像做某事】 · 课文原句：When Michael Jordan’s feet left the ground, time seemed to stand still. · 讲解：when引导时间状语从句；seem to do sth表示“似乎、仿佛做某事”，to后接动词原形。 中译英仿写：当优美的乐曲响起时，全场观众仿佛沉醉其中。 ________________________________________________ 【that引导宾语从句；the secret to… ……的秘诀（to为介词）】 · 课文原句：Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. · 讲解：动词后接that宾语从句，that可省略；固定搭配the secret to + 名词 / doing，to是介词，后接名词或动名词。 中译英仿写：这位学者说进步的秘诀是善于从错误中反思。 ________________________________________________ 【even if / even though 引导让步状语从句】 · 课文原句：A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. · 讲解：even if / even though即使，引导让步状语从句；不与but连用；even if多假设语气，even though多描述既定事实。 中译英仿写：即使任务十分枯燥，我们也应当认真把它完成。 ________________________________________________ 【once连词引导时间状语从句，表“一旦”，从句用一般时态表将来含义】 · 课文原句：Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. · 讲解：连词once意为“一旦”，引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”；rather than意为“而不是”，用来做对比。 中译英仿写：一旦你学会调整心态，很多难题就会迎刃而解。 ________________________________________________ 【rather than 连接平行成分，前后语法形式保持一致】 · 课文原句：Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. · 讲解：rather than“而不是”，前后所连接的单词/短语形式必须一致；本句接动名词作对比。 中译英仿写：我愿意静下心读书，而不是把时间浪费在无意义的消遣上。 ________________________________________________ 【stop doing sth 停止正在做的事，并列多个动名词，内嵌that定语从句】 · 课文原句：Finally, I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body. · 讲解：stop doing sth停止当下正在做的事，区别stop to do停下来去做另一件事；可并列多个动名词；that引导定语从句修饰前面名词。 中译英仿写：你要停止过度担忧，去发现生活中那些值得珍惜的美好事物。 ________________________________________________ by + 动名词（句首）作方式状语；both…and…既……又…… · 课文原句：By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier. · 讲解：by + doing置于句首，表“凭借/通过某种方式”；both…and…连接两个并列形容词、名词，表双重状态。 中译英仿写：通过坚持每日阅读，你可以变得既眼界开阔又内心沉静。 ________________________________________________ 仿写参考答案 1. We respect those teachers who have rich knowledge and are also ready to help their classmates. 2. Facing heavy schoolwork is a big challenge, but we should not give up easily. 3. When the beautiful music started playing, the whole audience seemed to be lost in it. 4. The scholar says that the secret to progress is reflecting on your mistakes. 5. Even if the task is very boring, we ought to finish it carefully. 6. Once you learn to adjust your state of mind, many difficult problems will be solved. 7. I’d like to settle down and read books rather than waste time on meaningless amusement. 8. You should stop worrying too much and look for the nice things that are worth treasuring in life. 9. By keeping reading every day, you can become both broad‑minded and calm‑hearted. 练习 · 首字母填空 请根据句意及首字母提示写出单词。 1. Although he is a famous a________, he still remains modest and treats every teammate politely. 2. If you stick to w________ out for half an hour every day, you will see great changes in your body. 3. Whenever you face failures in life, remember not to lose h________. 4. When trust disappears between members, a team will slowly fall a________. 5. Because of a terrible knee i________ that he got in training, he missed the world‑class championship. 6. Every c________ who takes part in the contest should respect the rules as well as their opponents. 7. The gymnast, whose g________ moves shocked the whole audience, won the first prize in the competition. 8. No matter how hard the situation becomes, don’t give u________ before you try your best. 9. It is reported that too much s________ from different sides will influence teenagers’ sleep quality. 10. It is necessary for us to keep a p________ mind when we are faced with unpleasant results. 11. It is a great h________ to be chosen to represent our school in the city sports meeting. 12. The retired player who devotes his spare time to training kids sets an e________ for the young generation. 13. To improve your f________, taking exercise is far more useful than simply going on a diet. 14. Thousands of sports fans crowded into the s________ to cheer for their favourite players last Saturday. 15. Anyone who tries to c________ in the match will be punished according to the rules. 参考答案与详细解析 1. athlete n. 运动员；运动健儿 解析：Although引导让步状语从句。句意：虽然他是一名知名运动员，但依旧十分谦逊，礼貌对待每一位队友。 2. work 解析：固定短语work out锻炼；stick to doing sth坚持做某事，to为介词，后接动名词。If引导条件状语从句。句意：如果你坚持每天锻炼半小时，你的身体会发生很大变化。 3. heart 解析：固定短语lose heart丧失信心；Whenever引导时间让步状语从句。句意：无论何时在生活中遭遇失败，记住不要丧失信心。 4. apart 解析：固定短语fall apart瓦解、崩溃；When引导时间状语从句。句意：当队员之间失去信任，一支队伍就会慢慢瓦解。 5. injury n. 伤害；损伤 解析：Because of后接名词作原因状语；that引导定语从句修饰injury。句意：由于训练中严重的膝盖伤病，他错过了这场世界级锦标赛。 6. competitor n. 参赛者；选手 解析：who引导定语从句修饰先行词competitor。句意：每一位参赛选手都应当遵守规则并且尊重对手。 7. graceful adj. 优美的；优雅的 解析：whose引导定语从句修饰the gymnast。句意：那位体操运动员凭借震撼全场的优雅动作，拿下了比赛一等奖。 8. up 解析：固定搭配give up放弃；No matter how引导让步状语从句。句意：无论处境多么艰难，在拼尽全力之前不要放弃。 9. stress n. 压力 解析：It is reported that…固定句型，it作形式主语。句意：据报道，来自各方的过多压力会影响青少年的睡眠质量。 10. positive adj. 积极的；乐观的 解析：It is + adj. + for sb to do；when引导时间状语从句。句意：当面对不尽如人意的结果时，我们有必要保持乐观心态。 11. honour n. 荣誉；荣幸 解析：It is a great honour to do sth固定句型，it作形式主语。句意：能够被选中代表学校参加市运动会是莫大的荣幸。 12. example 解析：固定搭配set an example树立榜样；who引导定语从句修饰the retired player。句意：这位利用空余时间训练孩子的退役运动员，给年轻一代树立了榜样。 13. fitness n. 健康；健壮 解析：不定式To improve your fitness作目的状语；than引导比较状语。句意：想要提升身体素质，运动远比单纯节食有效得多。 14. stadium n. 体育场；运动场 解析：简单句，crowded into作谓语。句意：上周星期六数千名体育爱好者涌入体育场，为喜爱的选手呐喊助威。 15. cheat vi. 作弊；舞弊 解析：who引导定语从句修饰anyone；被动语态will be punished。句意：任何试图在比赛中作弊的人都将会按照规则受到处罚。 · 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many young people look up to Michael Jordan, one of the greatest basketball 1________ (athlete) in history. His 2________ (grace) jumps impressed audiences across the world. What made him unique was not only his skills 3________ his strong mental strength. When he lost games, he chose 4________ (learn) from each failure rather than feeling upset. He once said that he could accept 5________ (fail), but he could not accept not trying. 6________ (inspire) by his words, countless teenagers stick to their sports dreams. Jordan also devoted himself to helping poor kids. He set up a club, 7________ offered support to young people in Chicago. As far as he was concerned, true honour came from 8________ (help) others besides winning medals. 9________ (draw) wide public attention, his stories have spread all over the globe. People admire the spirit 10________ lies behind his great achievements. 参考答案与解析 1. athletes 解析：名词复数，one of + 可数名词复数“……之一”。 句意：很多年轻人敬仰迈克尔·乔丹，历史上最伟大的篮球运动员之一。 2. graceful 解析：名词变形容词，修饰名词jumps；grace → graceful优雅的。 句意：他优雅的跳跃打动了全世界的观众。 3. but 解析：固定结构not only…but (also)…不但……而且……，并列连词（无提示词）。 4. to learn 解析：不定式作宾语；choose to do sth选择做某事。 5. failure 解析：动词变名词；fail → failure失败，作accept的宾语。 6. Inspired 解析：过去分词作状语；逻辑主语teenagers和inspire为被动关系，句首首字母大写。 7. which 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词club指物，从句缺主语，用which（无提示词）。 8. helping 解析：动名词作介词from的宾语；介词后接动名词。 9. Drawing 解析：现在分词作结果状语，逻辑主语stories与draw是主动关系，句首大写。 10. that / which 解析：限制性定语从句，先行词spirit指物，从句缺少主语（无提示词）。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, jogging has become 1________ popular sport among teenagers. Some teenagers hold wrong opinions about fitness, 2________ (lead) to various health problems. Instead of focusing on real health, they keep comparing their bodies 3________ those of sports stars. It takes time 4________ (realise) what true fitness really means. Fitness means being physically healthy rather than just looking slim. If you feel 5________ (stress) after long‑time training, a proper rest is strongly recommended. Regular exercise can contribute to your 6________ (fit). 7________ you are suffering from too much pressure, do not push yourself too hard. Sportsmanship is highly valued in sports events. Those 8________ compete fairly deserve our respect. Besides, we should learn from 9________ (defeat) instead of feeling discouraged. No sport can bring us joy 10________ we respect our own bodies. 参考答案与解析 1. a 解析：不定冠词；sport此处可数单数，popular辅音音素开头（整套两篇唯一一道冠词考题，无重复，无提示词）。 2. leading 解析：现在分词作结果状语，表示前面整件事带来的自然而然的结果。 3. with / to 解析：固定搭配compare…with/to…把……与……对比，介词（无提示词）。 4. to realise 解析：不定式，It takes time to do sth固定句型，it作形式主语。 5. stressed 解析：‑ed形容词，描述人的主观感受，feel stressed感到有压力的。 6. fitness 解析：形容词变名词；fit → fitness健康，作介词to的宾语。 7. When / If 解析：时间/条件状语从句引导词，“当/如果”（无提示词）。 8. who 解析：限制性定语从句；先行词those指代人，从句缺主语，只能用who。 9. defeat 解析：名词，意为“失败；挫败”，作介词from的宾语。 10. unless 解析：条件状语从句连词，unless = if…not“除非”。 · 句子翻译 1. 那些为理想全力以赴并且乐于为他人树立榜样的人理应获得尊重。 ________________________________________________ 2. 即使前路充满重重困难，我们也不能轻易丧失信心或者彻底崩溃。 ________________________________________________ 3. 一旦你不再执着于外在的表象，你就会发现生活中许多真正珍贵的东西。 ________________________________________________ 4. 意志坚定，这个少年把大部分课余时间用来提升自我。 ________________________________________________ 5. 拿自己的生活方式去和身边人的生活方式作比较是毫无意义的。 ________________________________________________ 6. 通过培养积极乐观的心态，我们能够化解生活中大部分的压力。 ________________________________________________ 7. 当曾经的梦想看似要破灭的时候，坚持下去远比选择放弃更有价值。 ________________________________________________ 8. 不要假装无视自身的短板，勇敢面对它们才算是真正的强大。 ________________________________________________ 9. 每一个奋力追逐目标且永不言弃的人，都有机会赢得属于自己的荣耀。 ________________________________________________ 10. 日复一日小小的自我改变，会对你长远的身心状态产生重大的影响。 ________________________________________________ 参考译文 1. Those who go all‑out for their ideals and are ready to set examples for others deserve respect. 解析：who引导限制性定语从句；set examples for sb 为他人树立榜样。 2. Even if the road ahead is full of difficulties, we should not easily lose heart or fall apart completely. 解析：even if引导让步状语从句；lose heart丧失信心；fall apart（精神）崩溃，单元原词组。 3. Once you stop sticking to outer appearances, you will find many truly precious things in life. 解析：once引导时间状语从句；stop doing sth 停止做某事。 4. Determined, the teenager spends most of his spare time improving himself. 解析：形容词determined句首作状语，描述主语状态。 5. It makes no sense to compare your own lifestyle with that of people around you. 解析：it作形式主语；compare…with… 把……与……对比；that指代lifestyle。 6. By developing a positive state of mind, we can deal with most of the stress in our life. 解析：by + 动名词表方式状语；positive adj.积极的；stress n.压力。 7. When your dreams seem to fall apart, persisting is far more valuable than giving up. 解析：when引导时间状语从句；seem to do；fall apart（梦想化为泡影，适配单元短语）；动名词作主语。 8. Do not pretend to ignore your own weaknesses. Facing them bravely means real strength. 解析：pretend to do sth假装做某事；动名词Facing作主语。 9. Anyone who struggles for his goals and never gives up stands a chance of winning his own glory. 解析：who引导定语从句修饰anyone；give up放弃；glory n.荣耀。 10. Small daily changes can make a great difference to your physical and mental condition in the long term. 解析：make a great difference to对……产生重大影响；physical and mental condition身心状态。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 单词默写 1. fitness ________________________ 人教版必修一同步讲解练习本 2. 传奇故事(或人物)；传说 ________________________ 3. soccer ________________________ 4. 体育场；运动场 ________________________ 5. boxing ________________________ 6. 羽毛球运动 ________________________ 7. marathon ________________________ 8. 比赛项目；大事；公开活动 ________________________ 9. come along ________________________ 10. 主办；主持；主人；东道主 ________________________ 11. track ________________________ 12. 田径 ________________________ 13. gym ________________________ 14. 锻炼；计算出；解决 ________________________ 15. sweat ________________________ 16. 获得成功；准时到达 ________________________ 17. athlete ________________________ 18. 高手；主人；精通；掌握 ________________________ 19. set an example ________________________ 20. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 ________________________ 21. glory ________________________ 22. 奖章；勋章 ________________________ 23. championship ________________________ 24. 冠军；优胜者 ________________________ 25. determination ________________________ 26. 分离；分开；成碎片 ________________________ 27. fall apart ________________________ 28. 使受伤；损害 ________________________ 29. injured ________________________ 30. (运动队)队长；船长；机长 ________________________ 31. lose heart ________________________ 32. 优美的；优雅的 ________________________ 33. strength ________________________ 34. 失败；失败的人(或事物) ________________________ 35. give up ________________________ 36. 竞争；对抗 ________________________ 37. make sense ________________________ 38. 假装；装扮 ________________________ 39. pretend to do sth ________________________ 40. 即使；虽然 ________________________ 41. million ________________________ 42. 作弊；舞弊；欺骗；骗子 ________________________ 43. audience ________________________ 44. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的 ________________________ 45. slim ________________________ 46. 规定饮食；日常饮食；节食 ________________________ 47. make a difference ________________________ 48. 而不是 ________________________ 49. rather ________________________ 50. 俯卧撑 ________________________ 51. cut … out ________________________ 52. 有时；偶尔 ________________________ 53. compare … with/to … ________________________ 54. 慢跑 ________________________ 55. stress ________________________ 56. 错误；差错 ________________________ 词性转换 1. fit → ________ n.健康；健壮；适合 2. athlete → ________ adj.运动的；健壮的 3. determine → ________ adj.有决心的；________ n.决心；决定 4. injure → ________ adj.受伤的；有伤的；________ n.伤害；损伤 5. compete → ________ n.比赛；竞赛；________ n.竞争者；对手；________ adj.竞争的；有竞争力的 6. glory → ________ adj.光荣的；辉煌的 7. honour → ________ adj.光荣的；可敬的 8. fail → ________ n.失败；失败的人(或事物) 9. stress → ________ adj.充满压力的；________ adj.感到有压力的 10. positive → ________ adv.积极地；肯定地 11. grace → ________ adj.优美的；优雅的 单句语法填空 1.（2024辽宁部分重点中学模拟）His ________ (determine) to overcome difficulties helped him win the game finally. 2. ________ (compete) from all over the world will gather in the stadium to take part in the global sports event. 3. The ________ (injure) volleyball players received professional treatment the moment they got off the coach. 4. Only those who are fully‑prepared can survive such a highly ________ (compete) sports environment. 5. Having gone through countless hardships, the female athlete achieved ________ (glory) results in the world championships. 6. Regarded as a real hero, he taught us that a temporary ________ (fail) should never stop us from moving forward. 7. Burdened with heavy training tasks, many teenage athletes feel ________ (stress) both physically and mentally. 8. Regular outdoor exercise is an effective way to reduce ________ (stress) caused by tight training schedules. 9. No matter what difficulties you meet, you should look ________ (positive) at every set‑back in sports. 10. It is widely acknowledged that proper exercise can improve people’s physical ________ (fit). 11. Deeply attracted by her ________ (grace) movements, thousands of audience stood up to applaud the gymnast. 12. The ________ (athlete) meeting, scheduled for next month, will draw public attention to teenagers’ sports development. 13. It was his ________ (honour) deeds both in and out of the playground that won him wide respect among fans. 14. A serious knee ________ (injure), which happened during training, forced him to drop out of the important championship. 15. As an outstanding ________ (compete), she devotes most of her spare time to guiding teenage trainees. 16. ________ (determine) to realise his sports dream, the young boy kept practising badminton regardless of bad weather. 17. He was presented with a gold medal in ________ (honour) of his lifelong devotion to the cause of sports. 18. While chasing ________ (glory) medals, we ought to attach great importance to our mental health. 19. Before the final match, the coach stressed the value of mental ________ (positive) among all team members. 20. With her outstanding ________ (grace) on the court, she has earned enormous praise from sports fans at home and abroad. 重点词组讲练 1. come along｜跟随；到达；进步；赶快 课本原句：Would you like to come along? 讲解：①表示“一同前往，跟着去”；②表示（事物）进展、进步；③口语表催促“快点”。 例句：You can come along with us if you have time. 如果你有空，可以和我们一起去。 中译英仿写：如果你愿意，你可以跟我们一起去看比赛。 ________________________________________________ 2. work out｜锻炼；计算出；解决 课本原句：Come and work out at a gym! Sweat your way to good health! 讲解：高频多义短语；本单元义项锻炼身体；另外义：算出数学题；解决难题。代词放中间 work sth out。 例句：I work out in the gym three times a week. 我每周去健身房锻炼三次。 中译英仿写：我每周锻炼两次来保持身体健康。 ________________________________________________ 3. make it｜获得成功；准时到达；做到 课本原句：You can make it! 讲解：口语高频短语，后常接to +地点，表示“及时赶到某地”；也可表示“成功做成难事”。 例句：If you keep trying, you will make it in the end. 如果你不断努力，最后你会成功。 中译英仿写练习：只要坚持训练，你就可以做到。 ________________________________________________ 4. set an example｜树立榜样 课本原句：They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. 讲解：固定搭配 set a good example to/for sb 为某人树立好榜样。 例句：Lang Ping sets a good example for young athletes. 郎平为年轻运动员树立了榜样。 中译英仿写练习：这位老运动员为我们树立了很好的榜样。 ________________________________________________ 5. fall apart｜破裂；破碎；崩溃 课本原句：The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. 讲解：不及物短语，无被动；可指物体破碎，也可指团队、关系瓦解，人的精神崩溃。 例句：Their friendship fell apart after the big argument. 大吵一架之后他们的友谊破裂了。 中译英仿写练习：当遇到困难的时候，不要让你的精神崩溃。 ________________________________________________ 6. lose heart｜丧失信心；泄气 课本原句：Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. 讲解：不加冠词，lose heart 泄气；lose one’s heart to sb 爱上某人，两个短语区分。 例句：Don’t lose heart when you fail the game. 比赛失利的时候不要泄气。 中译英仿写练习：无论发生什么，永远不要丧失信心。 ________________________________________________ 7. make sense｜有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 课本原句：That doesn’t make any sense! 讲解：否定形式 make no sense / doesn’t make any sense 没道理；讲不通。 例句：What you said doesn’t make sense to me. 我觉得你说的话讲不通。 中译英仿写练习：你的建议听起来很有道理。 ________________________________________________ 8. pretend to do sth｜假装做某事 课本原句：A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. 讲解：pretend后接不定式；拓展 pretend to be doing 假装正在做；pretend to have done 假装已经做过。 例句：He pretended not to know the truth. 他假装不知道真相。 中译英仿写练习：不要假装没有听见我说的话。 ________________________________________________ 9. make a difference｜有作用或影响 课本原句：I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! 讲解：make a big / much difference 产生很大影响；make no difference 没有作用、没影响。 例句：Small changes can make a big difference to your fitness. 小小的改变可以对你的健康产生很大影响。 中译英仿写练习：坚持锻炼会对你的健康产生很大的影响。 ________________________________________________ 10. rather than｜而不是 课本原句：Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. 讲解：平行结构，前后成分形式保持一致；连接名词、动词、动名词等。 例句：I choose to take exercise rather than stay at home. 我选择锻炼而不是待在家里。 中译英仿写练习：我们应该关注健康，而不是体重。 ________________________________________________ 11. cut … out｜停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下 课本原句：Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. 讲解：本单元义项：停止食用某物；另一含义：剪下，裁剪。代词放中间 cut it out。 例句：You’d better cut out junk food to keep fit. 为了保持健康，你最好停止吃垃圾食品。 中译英仿写练习：为了身体健康，你应该停止吃甜食。 ________________________________________________ 12. now and then｜有时；偶尔 课本原句：I could still have a burger now and then, but I would add a salad or an apple. 讲解：同义短语：from time to time，at times，偶尔，时不时。 例句：I go jogging now and then on weekends. 我周末偶尔会慢跑。 中译英仿写练习：我偶尔会看一场体育比赛放松自己。 ________________________________________________ 13. compare … with/to …｜与……比较 课本原句：Finally, I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models … 讲解：compare A with B 把A和B作对比（找异同）；compare A to B 把A比作B。 例句：Don’t always compare yourself with other athletes. 不要总是拿自己和别的运动员比较。 中译英仿写练习：不要拿你的成绩和别人做比较。 ________________________________________________ 重点句型讲练 【who引导限制性定语从句，先行词为人，从句并列双谓语】 · 课文原句：They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. · 讲解：who在从句中作主语，指代先行词；从句包含and连接的两套并列谓语，用来描述人物双重特质。 中译英仿写：我们敬重那些学识渊博同时又乐于帮助同学的老师。 ________________________________________________ 【动名词作主语 + but 并列转折分句】 · 课文原句：Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. · 讲解：动名词doing在句中充当主语；but连接两个独立分句表转折，but不能和although/though连用。 中译英仿写：面对繁重的课业是一大考验，但我们不该轻易放弃。 ________________________________________________ 【when引导时间状语从句 + seem to do 似乎/好像做某事】 · 课文原句：When Michael Jordan’s feet left the ground, time seemed to stand still. · 讲解：when引导时间状语从句；seem to do sth表示“似乎、仿佛做某事”，to后接动词原形。 中译英仿写：当优美的乐曲响起时，全场观众仿佛沉醉其中。 ________________________________________________ 【that引导宾语从句；the secret to… ……的秘诀（to为介词）】 · 课文原句：Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. · 讲解：动词后接that宾语从句，that可省略；固定搭配the secret to + 名词 / doing，to是介词，后接名词或动名词。 中译英仿写：这位学者说进步的秘诀是善于从错误中反思。 ________________________________________________ 【even if / even though 引导让步状语从句】 · 课文原句：A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. · 讲解：even if / even though即使，引导让步状语从句；不与but连用；even if多假设语气，even though多描述既定事实。 中译英仿写：即使任务十分枯燥，我们也应当认真把它完成。 ________________________________________________ 【once连词引导时间状语从句，表“一旦”，从句用一般时态表将来含义】 · 课文原句：Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. · 讲解：连词once意为“一旦”，引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”；rather than意为“而不是”，用来做对比。 中译英仿写：一旦你学会调整心态，很多难题就会迎刃而解。 ________________________________________________ 【rather than 连接平行成分，前后语法形式保持一致】 · 课文原句：Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. · 讲解：rather than“而不是”，前后所连接的单词/短语形式必须一致；本句接动名词作对比。 中译英仿写：我愿意静下心读书，而不是把时间浪费在无意义的消遣上。 ________________________________________________ 【stop doing sth 停止正在做的事，并列多个动名词，内嵌that定语从句】 · 课文原句：Finally, I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body. · 讲解：stop doing sth停止当下正在做的事，区别stop to do停下来去做另一件事；可并列多个动名词；that引导定语从句修饰前面名词。 中译英仿写：你要停止过度担忧，去发现生活中那些值得珍惜的美好事物。 ________________________________________________ by + 动名词（句首）作方式状语；both…and…既……又…… · 课文原句：By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier. · 讲解：by + doing置于句首，表“凭借/通过某种方式”；both…and…连接两个并列形容词、名词，表双重状态。 中译英仿写：通过坚持每日阅读，你可以变得既眼界开阔又内心沉静。 ________________________________________________ 练习 · 首字母填空 请根据句意及首字母提示写出单词。 1. Although he is a famous a________, he still remains modest and treats every teammate politely. 2. If you stick to w________ out for half an hour every day, you will see great changes in your body. 3. Whenever you face failures in life, remember not to lose h________. 4. When trust disappears between members, a team will slowly fall a________. 5. Because of a terrible knee i________ that he got in training, he missed the world‑class championship. 6. Every c________ who takes part in the contest should respect the rules as well as their opponents. 7. The gymnast, whose g________ moves shocked the whole audience, won the first prize in the competition. 8. No matter how hard the situation becomes, don’t give u________ before you try your best. 9. It is reported that too much s________ from different sides will influence teenagers’ sleep quality. 10. It is necessary for us to keep a p________ mind when we are faced with unpleasant results. 11. It is a great h________ to be chosen to represent our school in the city sports meeting. 12. The retired player who devotes his spare time to training kids sets an e________ for the young generation. 13. To improve your f________, taking exercise is far more useful than simply going on a diet. 14. Thousands of sports fans crowded into the s________ to cheer for their favourite players last Saturday. 15. Anyone who tries to c________ in the match will be punished according to the rules. · 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many young people look up to Michael Jordan, one of the greatest basketball 1________ (athlete) in history. His 2________ (grace) jumps impressed audiences across the world. What made him unique was not only his skills 3________ his strong mental strength. When he lost games, he chose 4________ (learn) from each failure rather than feeling upset. He once said that he could accept 5________ (fail), but he could not accept not trying. 6________ (inspire) by his words, countless teenagers stick to their sports dreams. Jordan also devoted himself to helping poor kids. He set up a club, 7________ offered support to young people in Chicago. As far as he was concerned, true honour came from 8________ (help) others besides winning medals. 9________ (draw) wide public attention, his stories have spread all over the globe. People admire the spirit 10________ lies behind his great achievements. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, jogging has become 1________ popular sport among teenagers. Some teenagers hold wrong opinions about fitness, 2________ (lead) to various health problems. Instead of focusing on real health, they keep comparing their bodies 3________ those of sports stars. It takes time 4________ (realise) what true fitness really means. Fitness means being physically healthy rather than just looking slim. If you feel 5________ (stress) after long‑time training, a proper rest is strongly recommended. Regular exercise can contribute to your 6________ (fit). 7________ you are suffering from too much pressure, do not push yourself too hard. Sportsmanship is highly valued in sports events. Those 8________ compete fairly deserve our respect. Besides, we should learn from 9________ (defeat) instead of feeling discouraged. No sport can bring us joy 10________ we respect our own bodies. · 句子翻译 1. 那些为理想全力以赴并且乐于为他人树立榜样的人理应获得尊重。 ________________________________________________ 2. 即使前路充满重重困难，我们也不能轻易丧失信心或者彻底崩溃。 ________________________________________________ 3. 一旦你不再执着于外在的表象，你就会发现生活中许多真正珍贵的东西。 ________________________________________________ 4. 意志坚定，这个少年把大部分课余时间用来提升自我。 ________________________________________________ 5. 拿自己的生活方式去和身边人的生活方式作比较是毫无意义的。 ________________________________________________ 6. 通过培养积极乐观的心态，我们能够化解生活中大部分的压力。 ________________________________________________ 7. 当曾经的梦想看似要破灭的时候，坚持下去远比选择放弃更有价值。 ________________________________________________ 8. 不要假装无视自身的短板，勇敢面对它们才算是真正的强大。 ________________________________________________ 9. 每一个奋力追逐目标且永不言弃的人，都有机会赢得属于自己的荣耀。 ________________________________________________ 10. 日复一日小小的自我改变，会对你长远的身心状态产生重大的影响。 ________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $