【周周有招】新教材同步尖子班讲义第12讲Unit 5 The Value of Money（态度描写与观点表达）-2026-2027学年高中英语（人教版）必修第三册（教师版+学生版）

Unit 5 The Value of Money 精品讲义2027春高一（下）英语-新教材人教版必修三 第12讲 态度描写与观点表达 读写结合（学生版） 读写结合 ● 态度描写与观点表达 ————————————————————— 【课时安排】本讲为 Unit 5 The Value of Money 第 12 讲，建议用时 2 课时。 【学习目标】学完本讲应能完成三件事： 能锁定态度转变的转折点，通过“前后证据对比”贴出被证据支撑的精准态度标签。 能依据证据强度，正确使用 must / can’t / may / might + have done 与 be doing 完成对过去和现在的推测。 能用 First、Then、After that、Finally 四步叙事链，把态度证据与情态推测连成一段通顺的短文。 本讲核心一句话：态度不是感觉，是可观察的动作和语言；动机不是猜测，是用情态动词锁定的逻辑推理；叙事不是连接词堆砌，是态度变化证据链。 一、导入诊断 先别翻后文答案，独立读完剧本，用你自己的话回答三个问题。这一节的目的不是得分，是把你自己真实的态度判断方式先暴露出来——你卡在哪里，本讲就补哪里。 阅读下面剧本片段，然后回答问题： Waiter: (coldly) What can I do for you, sir? Henry: I’d like to have something to eat, please. Waiter: (impatiently) We don’t serve food without payment first. Henry: But I… I have no small change. Waiter: (laughing scornfully) No small change? Of course not. You look like a millionaire! （Henry 拿出那张百万英镑钞票后） Owner: (rushing over, bowing deeply) My dear sir! Please forgive our rudeness. This way, please. The best table is reserved for you! Waiter: (now smiling warmly) At your service, sir. Would you like to see the menu? 1. 在 Henry 拿出钞票前，服务员的态度是怎样的？请用两个（或更多）态度词描述，并从原文找出至少两处证据。 2. 服务员可能如何判断 Henry 没有小面额钞票？请用 must / might / can’t + have done 推测，并写出依据。 3. 请用 First… Then… After that… Finally… 的框架，简述整个态度变化过程。 我的回答： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 自我诊断： · 第 1 题只能写 rude / polite，写不出 cold / impatient / scornful → 态度词还停在“感觉层”，需要证据化； · 第 2 题只会写 because of the money，不会用 must / might + have done → 情态推测语气需要强化； · 第 3 题只会用 and / but，不会用 First… Finally… → 四步叙事链需要专门训练。 错误路径演示：写 “The waiter was rude.”——只有标签、没有证据。要改成 “The waiter was cold because he said impatiently, ‘We don’t serve food without payment first.’” 判断态度，永远先找“哪个动作、哪句话”撑着这个标签。 二、核心考点精讲 考点1　态度转变追踪法：先锁定转折点，再对比前后证据，最后贴上精准标签 高考态度题最爱在“态度转变的节点”上设问——转折点前后的证据一对上，标签自然就出来了。整条逻辑链只有三步，缺一环就出错。 第一步，锁定转折点。关键道具或关键事件出现的地方，就是态度变化的分界线。本讲里，百万英镑钞票出现处就是分界线。 第二步，对比前后证据。以转折点为界，分别找出描写动作、表情、语言的关键词。转折前找 cold / impatient / scornful 一类证据，转折后找 respectful / warm / eager 一类证据。 第三步，贴上精准标签。标签必须能被证据直接支撑。证据越具体，标签越经得起考；只给感觉不给证据，是最常见的丢分点。 错误路径演示：写 “The owner was polite.”——标签笼统，无证据支撑。改成 “The owner was respectful because he rushed over, bowed deeply and called Henry ‘my dear sir’.” 标签和证据必须成对出现。 【对点小练】 She glanced at his worn-out clothes and said impatiently, “We only sell high-end products here.” Her attitude is best described as ______. A. respectful B. impatient C. admiring D. cheerful 我的答案： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 考点2　情态动词推测：证据强度决定语气 情态动词推测的第一步不是背结构，而是先给证据“定强度”：证据几乎确凿用 must，有但不确定用 may / might，否定确信用 can’t / couldn’t。一条铁律记牢：mustn’t 表“禁止”，永远不表推测。 对过去的推测（已完成动作）： 证据强度 情态结构 例句 几乎肯定 must have done He must have arrived in Beijing. 有可能 may / might have done He may have missed the train. 否定肯定 can’t / couldn’t have done He can’t have stolen the money. 对现在的推测（正在进行的动作或状态）： 证据强度 情态结构 例句 几乎肯定 must be doing / must be He must be working now. 有可能 may / might be doing She may be feeling better. 否定肯定 can’t / couldn’t be doing He can’t be at home now. 对比辨析：最容易写错的三组 ① mustn’t（禁止）≠ can’t（否定推测）。mustn’t = 绝对不许（You mustn’t smoke here.）；can’t = 不可能（He can’t be at home.）。否定推测一律走 can’t / couldn’t，绝不碰 mustn’t。 ② needn’t（不必）≠ mustn’t（禁止）。needn’t = 没义务（You needn’t finish it today.）；mustn’t = 有禁令（You mustn’t finish it today.）。 ③ must have done ≠ can’t have done。must have done = 一定已经……（过去肯定推测）；can’t have done = 不可能已经……（过去否定推测）。 错误路径演示：写 “He mustn’t have been friendly.”，错在把 mustn’t（禁止）当成了否定推测。表示“他当时一定不友好”，要用 can’t have been friendly。记一句话：否定推测一律走 can’t / couldn’t，绝不碰 mustn’t。 【对点小练】 1. The door is locked. He ______ (leave) already. 2. She looks pale. She ______ (not, feel) well at all. 我的答案： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 考点3　四步叙事链：First → Then → After that → Finally 四步叙事不是“四个连接词各占一个位置”，而是“态度变化证据链”的四截车厢。每一步都必须推进情节、带上态度证据，只堆连接词等于空壳。 第一步 First：背景设定——谁、在哪里、一开始态度怎样。 第二步 Then：转折触发——发生了什么关键事件。 第三步 After that：态度变化——关键人物态度如何转变，给出证据。 第四步 Finally：结果定性——最终态度、结果或观点。 示例： First, the waiter treated Henry coldly and even laughed at him. Then, Henry showed the million-pound note. After that, the owner rushed over, bowed deeply, and offered the best table. Finally, the waiter became warm and respectful, saying “At your service, sir.” 错误路径演示：写 “First, I went to a store. Then, I bought something. After that, I went home. Finally, I was happy.”——四步全在报流水账，没有一处态度证据。同样一件事，要改成写“销售员怎么由冷转热”，才叫叙事链。 【对点小练】 用四步叙事链复述下面事件：Tom 帮老妇人提包，老妇人邀请他喝茶，后来他发现她是著名画家。 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 三、基础层·对点训练（态度追踪） 这一层只练一件事：锁定转折点、对比前后证据、贴上精准标签。下面文段的转折点是“拿出支票簿”那一刻。 阅读下面短文，完成 1—2 题。 Mr. Smith walked into a jewelry store. The salesgirl glanced at his worn-out clothes and said impatiently, “We only sell high-end products here.” Mr. Smith smiled and took out a checkbook. The salesgirl’s eyes widened. “Oh, I’m so sorry, sir! Let me show you our newest collection.” She quickly opened the glass cabinet and handed him a velvet tray. 1. Before the salesgirl saw the checkbook, her attitude toward Mr. Smith was one of ______. A. respect B. impatience C. admiration D. curiosity 2. Which of the following best describes the salesgirl’s attitude after seeing the checkbook? A. She remained indifferent. B. She became polite and eager to serve. C. She was still suspicious. D. She felt offended. 我的答案： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 四、提升层·对点训练（叙事＋推测） 阅读下面短文，完成 3—5 题。 Tom was walking in the park when he saw an old lady struggling with a heavy bag. He hurried over and helped her carry it home. The old lady thanked him warmly and invited him in for tea. Later, Tom found out she was a famous painter. When he told his friend Jack about this, Jack said, “You’re so lucky! She ______ (give) you one of her paintings as a gift if you had asked!” 3. 根据上下文，在横线上填入合适的情态动词结构，表示与过去事实相反的可能结果。 4. 用四步叙事链简要复述这个故事，不超过 45 词。 5. 根据短文内容，用情态动词推测 Tom 得知老妇人是著名画家后的心理。 我的回答： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 五、综合层·语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，完成 6—15 题。 Last week, our class watched a play about a poor man. At first, the waiter treated him ______ (cold) and even laughed at him. The man looked ______ (puzzle) but said nothing. Then he took out a million-pound note. The waiter’s eyes ______ (wide) immediately. He ______ (must / regret) his rudeness. After that, the owner rushed over and bowed ______ (deep). Finally, the waiter smiled ______ (warm) and said, “At your service, sir.” This change shows that money can influence people’s attitudes. However, it ______ (can / buy) true friendship. We should value money but not worship it. If we ______ (be) kind to others regardless of their wealth, we ______ (may / win) real respect. In short, a person’s value ______ (not / judge) by how much money he has. 我的答案： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 六、挑战层·观点写作 把三个考点合成一段话：用态度证据撑观点、用情态推测表判断、用四步叙事链搭结构。这一步是整讲的“收口”，也是最像考场写作的一步。 16. 有人认为“金钱是万能的”，也有人认为“金钱并非万能”。请结合《百万英镑》的故事，用 80 词左右写一段文字，表达你自己的观点。要求： · 至少使用一个情态动词推测； · 包含一个态度转变的证据句； · 使用 First、Then、After that、Finally 中的至少三个连接词。 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 评分标准（对照自查）： 观点明确、立场不偏激（3 分）；含至少一个情态动词推测（3 分）；含态度转变证据句（3 分）；用至少三个四步连接词（3 分）；语言准确、字数 80 左右（3 分）。 17. 根据下面情境，用四步叙事链写一段 80 词左右的短文，包含态度转变证据和情态推测。 情境：新同学李明第一天来学校时，因穿着旧校服被个别同学轻视。后来，他在数学竞赛中获得一等奖，大家的态度发生了变化。 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 评分标准（对照自查）： 四步连接词完整（4 分）；态度转变证据具体（4 分）；情态推测使用正确（3 分）；观点句明确（2 分）；语言准确、字数 80 左右（2 分）。 七、课堂小结 本讲核心一句话：态度不是感觉，是可观察的动作和语言；动机不是猜测，是用情态动词锁定的逻辑推理；叙事不是连接词堆砌，是态度变化证据链。 自检清单： □ 我能用“锁定转折点 → 对比前后证据 → 贴上精准标签”分析态度题； □ 我能区分对过去（have done）和对现在（be doing / be + adj./n.）的推测，并正确使用 must / can’t / may / might； □ 我能用 First、Then、After that、Finally 四步叙事链，把态度转变与情态推测连成一段话； □ 我能写出一段含态度证据、情态推测和观点句的短文。 八、课后巩固 一、阅读理解（态度追踪）· 完成 18—19 题 Dr. Lee was a strict professor. On the first day of class, a student named Amy asked a question. Dr. Lee frowned and said, “That’s a silly question. Read the textbook first.” Amy felt humiliated. However, a month later, Amy submitted an excellent research paper. Dr. Lee read it carefully, nodded, and said, “This is impressive work. I underestimated you. Keep it up.” From then on, Dr. Lee often praised Amy in class. 18. Before Amy submitted her excellent paper, Dr. Lee’s attitude toward her was ______. A. encouraging B. dismissive C. admiring D. neutral 19. After reading the paper, Dr. Lee’s attitude changed to ______. A. indifference B. appreciation C. anger D. confusion 我的答案： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 二、情态动词填空 · 完成 20—22 题 20. The ground is wet. It ______ (rain) last night. 21. She left the office only ten minutes ago. She ______ (arrive) home yet. 22. I didn’t hear the phone. I ______ (sleep). 我的答案： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 三、综合应用 · 完成 23 题 Li Hua was walking past a donation box for children in need. He hesitated for a moment, thinking, “I only have 10 yuan. It won’t make any difference.” Just then, a little girl put her pocket money into the box and smiled happily. Li Hua felt ashamed. He took out his 10 yuan and dropped it in. The volunteer said, “Thank you! Every bit helps.” Li Hua felt proud. 23. 完成以下任务： （1）找出主人公对“捐款”这件事的态度转变证据，写出转变前后的态度词； （2）用情态动词推测他态度转变的原因； （3）用四步叙事法写一个 60 词左右的段落，向朋友讲述这个故事并发表你的看法。 我的回答： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 The Value of Money 精品讲义2027春高一（下）英语-新教材人教版必修三 第12讲 态度描写与观点表达 读写结合 ● 态度描写与观点表达（教师版） 【课时安排】本讲为 Unit 5 The Value of Money 第 12 讲，建议用时 2 课时。 【学习目标】 1. 能锁定态度转变的转折点，通过“前后证据对比”贴出被证据支撑的精准态度标签； 2. 能依据证据强度，正确使用 must / can’t / may / might + have done 与 be doing 完成对过去和现在的推测； 3. 能用 First、Then、After that、Finally 四步叙事链，把态度证据与情态推测连成一段通顺的短文。 一、导入诊断（3 分钟） 先别翻后文答案，独立读完剧本，用你自己的话回答三个问题。这一节的目的不是得分，是把你自己真实的态度判断方式先暴露出来——你卡在哪里，本讲就补哪里。 阅读下面剧本片段，然后回答问题： Waiter: (coldly) What can I do for you, sir? Henry: I’d like to have something to eat, please. Waiter: (impatiently) We don’t serve food without payment first. Henry: But I… I have no small change. Waiter: (laughing scornfully) No small change? Of course not. You look like a millionaire! （Henry 拿出那张百万英镑钞票后） Owner: (rushing over, bowing deeply) My dear sir! Please forgive our rudeness. This way, please. The best table is reserved for you! Waiter: (now smiling warmly) At your service, sir. Would you like to see the menu? 1. 在 Henry 拿出钞票前，服务员的态度是怎样的？请用两个（或更多）态度词描述，并从原文找出至少两处证据。 2. 服务员可能如何判断 Henry 没有小面额钞票？请用 must / might / can’t + have done 推测，并写出依据。 3. 请用 First… Then… After that… Finally… 的框架，简述整个态度变化过程。 【参考答案与解析】 1. 态度词：cold / impatient / scornful。证据：said coldly，said impatiently，laughing scornfully。 一句话判法：态度题不能只写 rude 或 polite 这类“感觉词”，必须落到原文的动作、表情、语言上，让标签被证据托住。 2. He might have judged from Henry’s worn clothes that he had no small change. / He must have thought Henry was poor. 一句话判法：服务员那句 “You look like a millionaire!” 是讽刺，依据是 Henry 的外表（worn clothes）。证据较弱用 might，证据较硬用 must。 3. First, the waiter treated Henry coldly. Then, Henry showed the million-pound note. After that, the owner rushed over and bowed deeply. Finally, the waiter became warm and respectful, saying “At your service, sir.” 一句话判法：四步叙事链的每一步都要带“态度变化证据”，不能只把 First…Finally 四个连接词摆上去就算完成。 【自我诊断】 · 第 1 题只能写 rude / polite，写不出 cold / impatient / scornful → 态度词还停在“感觉层”，需要证据化； · 第 2 题只会写 because of the money，不会用 must / might + have done → 情态推测语气需要强化； · 第 3 题只会用 and / but，不会用 First… Finally… → 四步叙事链需要专门训练。 错误路径演示：学生写“The waiter was rude.”——只有标签、没有证据。要改成“The waiter was cold because he said impatiently, ‘We don’t serve food without payment first.’”。判断态度，永远先找“哪个动作、哪句话”撑着这个标签。 二、核心考点精讲 考点1 态度转变追踪法：先锁定转折点，再对比前后证据，最后贴上精准标签 高考态度题最爱在“态度转变的节点”上设问——转折点前后的证据一对上，标签自然就出来了。整条逻辑链只有三步，缺一环就出错。 第一步，锁定转折点。关键道具或关键事件出现的地方，就是态度变化的分界线。本讲里，百万英镑钞票出现处就是分界线。 第二步，对比前后证据。以转折点为界，分别找出描写动作、表情、语言的关键词。转折前找 cold / impatient / scornful 一类证据，转折后找 respectful / warm / eager 一类证据。 第三步，贴上精准标签。标签必须能被证据直接支撑。证据越具体，标签越经得起考；只给感觉不给证据，是最常见的丢分点。 态度标签 常见证据 易错提醒 cold / impatient / scornful look down on, sneer, laugh at, say coldly / impatiently coldly 是副词，不能直接作表语 polite / respectful / courteous bow, greet warmly, smile, use “sir / please” polite 是概括词，必须配证据 admiring / complimentary / flattering praise, compliment, “my dear sir”, “honoured” flatter 常含贬义，看语境 surprised / amazed / astonished / shocked widen eyes, be speechless, be dumbfounded shocked 不标正负，看语境 afraid / fearful / anxious / nervous / awe-struck tremble, step back, speak in a low voice nervous 是焦虑，不等于敬畏 错误路径演示：学生写“The owner was polite.”——标签笼统，无证据支撑。改成“The owner was respectful because he rushed over, bowed deeply and called Henry ‘my dear sir’。”。标签和证据必须成对出现。 【对点小练】 She glanced at his worn-out clothes and said impatiently, “We only sell high-end products here.” Her attitude is best described as ______. A. respectful B. impatient C. admiring D. cheerful 【答案】B 直接证据是 said impatiently 和 glanced at his worn-out clothes，与 impatience 完全对得上。误选 A / C 是凭主观印象；D 项 cheerful 在文中没有任何动作或语言支撑。判断态度，先回原文找证据，不凭感觉猜。 考点2 情态动词推测：证据强度决定语气 情态动词推测的第一步不是背结构，而是先给证据“定强度”：证据几乎确凿用 must，有但不确定用 may / might，否定确信用 can’t / couldn’t。一条铁律记牢：mustn’t 表“禁止”，永远不表推测。 对过去的推测（已完成动作）： 语气 结构 含义 例句 肯定推测 must have done 一定做过某事 The owner must have seen the note before. 可能推测 may / might have done 可能做过某事 The waiter might have felt embarrassed later. 否定推测 can’t / couldn’t have done 不可能做过某事 He can’t have known Henry was rich. 可能没做 may not have done 可能没做过某事 She may not have noticed the change in attitude. 对现在的推测（正在进行的动作或状态）： 语气 结构 含义 例句 肯定推测 must be doing / must be + adj./n. 现在一定…… The owner must be very happy now. 可能推测 may / might be doing / may / might be + adj./n. 现在可能…… Henry might be feeling confused. 否定推测 can’t / couldn’t be doing / can’t / couldn’t be + adj./n. 现在不可能…… The waiter can’t be a millionaire. 对比辨析：最容易写错的三组 想表达 错误写法 正确写法 他一定不友好（对过去） He mustn’t have been friendly. He can’t have been friendly. 他可能没看见我 He may haven’t seen me. He may not have seen me. 他当时不可能在睡觉 He mustn’t have been sleeping. He couldn’t have been sleeping. 她现在不可能生气 She mustn’t be angry now. She can’t be angry now. 错误路径演示：学生写“He mustn’t have been friendly.”，错在把 mustn’t（禁止）当成了否定推测。表示“他当时一定不友好”，要用 can’t have been friendly。记一句话：否定推测一律走 can’t / couldn’t，绝不碰 mustn’t。 【对点小练】 1. The door is locked. He ______ (leave) already. 【答案】must have left 门锁着，是“一定已经离开”的较硬证据，用 must have done 作对过去的肯定推测。误填 must leave 是时态错误——推测过去要用完成式。 脸色苍白，说明“现在不可能感觉好”，用 can’t be feeling（进行）或 can’t feel（一般）。误填 mustn’t be feeling 是把 mustn’t 当否定推测，禁止。 考点3 四步叙事链：First → Then → After that → Finally 四步叙事不是“四个连接词各占一个位置”，而是“态度变化证据链”的四截车厢。每一步都必须推进情节、带上态度证据，只堆连接词等于空壳。 第一步 First：背景设定——谁、在哪里、一开始态度怎样。 第二步 Then：转折触发——发生了什么关键事件。 第三步 After that：态度变化——关键人物态度如何转变，给出证据。 第四步 Finally：结果定性——最终态度、结果或观点。 示例： First, the waiter treated Henry coldly and even laughed at him. Then, Henry showed the million-pound note. After that, the owner rushed over, bowed deeply, and offered the best table. Finally, the waiter became warm and respectful, saying “At your service, sir.” 错误路径演示：学生写“First, I went to a store. Then, I bought something. After that, I went home. Finally, I was happy.”——四步全在报流水账，没有一处态度证据。同样一件事，要改成写“销售员怎么由冷转热”，才叫叙事链。 【对点小练】 用四步叙事链复述下面事件：Tom 帮老妇人提包，老妇人邀请他喝茶，后来他发现她是著名画家。 【答案】First, Tom helped an old lady carry a heavy bag. Then, she invited him for tea. After that, he learned she was a famous painter. Finally, he felt surprised and happy. 最容易漏的是 After that 那一步的“转折推进”（发现身份），也最容易把态度证据（surprised / happy）丢掉。四步缺一不可。 三、基础层·对点训练（态度追踪） 这一层只练一件事：锁定转折点、对比前后证据、贴上精准标签。下面文段的转折点是“拿出支票簿”那一刻。 阅读下面短文，完成 1—2 题。 Mr. Smith walked into a jewelry store. The salesgirl glanced at his worn-out clothes and said impatiently, “We only sell high-end products here.” Mr. Smith smiled and took out a checkbook. The salesgirl’s eyes widened. “Oh, I’m so sorry, sir! Let me show you our newest collection.” She quickly opened the glass cabinet and handed him a velvet tray. 1. Before the salesgirl saw the checkbook, her attitude toward Mr. Smith was one of ______. A. respect B. impatience C. admiration D. curiosity 【答案】B 题干的时间状语 Before the salesgirl saw the checkbook 把范围锁在转折之前；glanced at his worn-out clothes 和 said impatiently 是直接证据。A / C 与转折前证据相悖；D 的 curiosity（好奇）在原文没有任何动作支撑。转折后的行为（quickly opened…）与本题时间状语矛盾，不能拿来做答案。 2. Which of the following best describes the salesgirl’s attitude after seeing the checkbook? A. She remained indifferent. B. She became polite and eager to serve. C. She was still suspicious. D. She felt offended. 【答案】B 转折点后，动作 quickly opened、handed 和语言 “I’m so sorry, sir!” 都指向“转礼貌殷勤”。A 与 eyes widened 矛盾；C 的 suspicious、D 的 offended 原文无证据。判断“转折后”，必须只看转折点之后的证据。 四、提升层·对点训练（叙事＋推测） 阅读下面短文，完成 3—5 题。 Tom was walking in the park when he saw an old lady struggling with a heavy bag. He hurried over and helped her carry it home. The old lady thanked him warmly and invited him in for tea. Later, Tom found out she was a famous painter. When he told his friend Jack about this, Jack said, “You’re so lucky! She ________3________ (give) you one of her paintings as a gift if you had asked!” 3. 根据上下文，在横线上填入合适的情态动词结构，表示与过去事实相反的可能结果。 【答案】might have given if you had asked 是过去虚拟条件，主句表示“过去可能的结果”，用 might have given。误填 must have given 语气过强；误填 may give 时态错误——对过去要用完成式。 4. 用四步叙事链简要复述这个故事，不超过 45 词。 【答案】First, Tom helped an old lady carry a heavy bag. Then, she invited him for tea. After that, he learned she was a famous painter. Finally, Jack said she might have given him a painting if he had asked. 四个连接词 First、Then、After that、Finally 必须齐全，且要带态度或推测证据，不能只复述动作。 5. 根据短文内容，用情态动词推测 Tom 得知老妇人是著名画家后的心理。 【答案】Tom might have felt surprised. / He must have been amazed. 得知对方是著名画家，惊讶是合理推测。证据不足用 might（不确定），证据较硬用 must（较确定）。误写成 Tom must be surprised now 是时态错误——事件在过去。 五、综合层·语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，完成 6—15 题。 Last week, our class watched a play about a poor man. At first, the waiter treated him ______6______ (cold) and even laughed at him. The man looked ______7______ (puzzle) but said nothing. Then he took out a million-pound note. The waiter’s eyes ______8______ (wide) immediately. He ______9______ (must / regret) his rudeness. After that, the owner rushed over and bowed ______10______ (deep). Finally, the waiter smiled ______11______ (warm) and said, “At your service, sir.” This change shows that money can influence people’s attitudes. However, it ______12______ (can / buy) true friendship. We should value money but not worship it. If we ______13______ (be) kind to others regardless of their wealth, we ______14______ (may / win) real respect. In short, a person’s value ______15______ (not / judge) by how much money he has. 【答案】6. coldly　7. puzzled　8. widened　9. must have regretted　10. deeply 11. warmly　12. can’t buy　13. are　14. may win　15. shouldn’t be judged 【解析】 6. 修饰动词 treated，用副词 coldly。 7. 作系动词 looked 的表语，描述“感到困惑”，用形容词 puzzled。 8. 描述过去瞬间的动作“眼睛睁大”，用动词过去式 widened。 9. 对过去某动作的肯定推测（他一定后悔了），用 must have regretted。 10. 修饰动词 bowed，用副词 deeply。 11. 修饰动词 smiled，用副词 warmly。 12. 表示“金钱买不到真正的友谊”，一般现在的能力否定，用 can’t buy。 13. 真实条件句用一般现在时表将来，主语 we，填 are。 14. 表示“可能赢得”，用 may win。 15. 表示“一个人的价值不应被金钱多寡评判”，被动语态加情态，用 shouldn’t be judged。 【集中易错】 9 误填 must regret（时态）；12 误填 mustn’t buy（mustn’t 表禁止不表推测）；15 误填 doesn’t judge（语态，应被动）。 六、挑战层·观点写作 把三个考点合成一段话：用态度证据撑观点、用情态推测表判断、用四步叙事链搭结构。这一步是整讲的“收口”，也是最像考场写作的一步。 16. 有人认为“金钱是万能的”，也有人认为“金钱并非万能”。请结合《百万英镑》的故事，用 80 词左右写一段文字，表达你自己的观点。要求： · 至少使用一个情态动词推测； · 包含一个态度转变的证据句； · 使用 First、Then、After that、Finally 中的至少三个连接词。 【参考范文】 First, the waiter treated Henry coldly because of his poor clothes. Then, Henry showed the million-pound note. After that, the owner and waiter became respectful and offered the best service. Finally, Henry might have realized that money can change people’s attitudes but cannot buy true friendship. In my opinion, money is useful but not everything. We should value it but never worship it. 【教师点评】 亮点：四步叙事链完整、态度证据具体、情态推测与观点衔接自然。可优化：might have realized 属较弱的推测，若改为 may have realized 语气更稳；结尾可补一句更具体的文本证据（如 the waiter’s warm smile），让“态度转变”更落地。 【评分标准】 观点明确、立场不偏激（3 分）；含至少一个情态动词推测（3 分）；含态度转变证据句（3 分）；用至少三个四步连接词（3 分）；语言准确、字数 80 左右（3 分）。 17. 根据下面情境，用四步叙事链写一段 80 词左右的短文，包含态度转变证据和情态推测。 情境：新同学李明第一天来学校时，因穿着旧校服被个别同学轻视。后来，他在数学竞赛中获得一等奖，大家的态度发生了变化。 【参考范文】 First, some classmates looked down on Li Ming because of his old school uniform. Then, he won first prize in the math competition. After that, those classmates felt ashamed and came to congratulate him warmly. Finally, Li Ming might have realized that true respect comes from ability and character, not from clothes. In my opinion, we should never judge a person by his appearance. 【评分标准】 四步连接词完整（4 分）；态度转变证据具体（4 分）；情态推测使用正确（3 分）；观点句明确（2 分）；语言准确、字数 80 左右（2 分）。 七、课堂小结 本讲核心一句话： 态度不是感觉，是可观察的动作和语言；动机不是猜测，是用情态动词锁定的逻辑推理；叙事不是连接词堆砌，是态度变化证据链。 【自检清单】 □ 我能用“锁定转折点 → 对比前后证据 → 贴上精准标签”分析态度题； □ 我能区分对过去（have done）和对现在（be doing / be + adj./n.）的推测，并正确使用 must / can’t / may / might； □ 我能用 First、Then、After that、Finally 四步叙事链，把态度转变与情态推测连成一段话； □ 我能写出一段含态度证据、情态推测和观点句的短文。 八、课后巩固 一、阅读理解（态度追踪）· 完成 18—19 题 Dr. Lee was a strict professor. On the first day of class, a student named Amy asked a question. Dr. Lee frowned and said, “That’s a silly question. Read the textbook first.” Amy felt humiliated. However, a month later, Amy submitted an excellent research paper. Dr. Lee read it carefully, nodded, and said, “This is impressive work. I underestimated you. Keep it up.” From then on, Dr. Lee often praised Amy in class. 18. Before Amy submitted her excellent paper, Dr. Lee’s attitude toward her was ______. A. encouraging B. dismissive C. admiring D. neutral 【答案】B 转折前的证据 frowned、“silly question”、“read the textbook first” 都显示轻视、不重视，对应 dismissive。A / C 与证据相悖；D 的 neutral（中立）不成立——frowned 与“silly”已明显带否定色彩。 19. After reading the paper, Dr. Lee’s attitude changed to ______. A. indifference B. appreciation C. anger D. confusion 【答案】B 转折后的证据 nodded、“impressive work”、“praised” 指向欣赏，对应 appreciation。A / C / D 都与这些正向证据相悖。注意只看转折点之后的证据，别被开头的 strict 带偏。 二、情态动词填空 · 完成 20—22 题 20. The ground is wet. It ______ (rain) last night. 【答案】must have rained 地面湿，是对过去“一定下过雨”的较硬证据，用 must have done 的肯定推测。误填 must rain 是时态错误。 21. She left the office only ten minutes ago. She ______ (arrive) home yet. 【答案】can’t have arrived 才离开十分钟，不可能已经到家，是对过去动作的否定推测，用 can’t have arrived。注意 yet 通常用于否定或疑问。 22. I didn’t hear the phone. I ______ (sleep). 【答案】might have been sleeping / could have been sleeping 没听到电话，是“当时可能正在睡觉”的推测，且强调动作进行，用 might / could have been sleeping。must have been sleeping 语气过强，需更强证据支撑。 三、综合应用 · 完成 23 题 Li Hua was walking past a donation box for children in need. He hesitated for a moment, thinking, “I only have 10 yuan. It won’t make any difference.” Just then, a little girl put her pocket money into the box and smiled happily. Li Hua felt ashamed. He took out his 10 yuan and dropped it in. The volunteer said, “Thank you! Every bit helps.” Li Hua felt proud. 23. 完成以下任务： （1）找出主人公对“捐款”这件事的态度转变证据，写出转变前后的态度词； （2）用情态动词推测他态度转变的原因； （3）用四步叙事法写一个 60 词左右的段落，向朋友讲述这个故事并发表你的看法。 【参考答案】 （1）转变前对捐款的态度：doubtful / indifferent，证据是 hesitated、thought “It won’t make any difference”；转变后态度：supportive / positive，证据是 took out 10 yuan、dropped it in。伴随情绪：ashamed → proud。 （2）He might have realized that every small act matters after seeing the little girl’s action. （3）First, Li Hua hesitated to donate because he thought his 10 yuan was useless. Then, a little girl happily donated her pocket money. After that, Li Hua felt ashamed and decided to donate too. Finally, he felt proud. In my opinion, kindness is not measured by amount but by heart. Even a small donation can bring warmth. 【评分标准】 第（1）题区分态度与情绪、证据准确（4 分）；第（2）题情态动词推测、语气合理（3 分）；第（3）题含 First、Then、After that、Finally 四连接词并有观点句（5 分）；语言准确、字数 60 左右（3 分）。 【易错提示】 把 ashamed、proud 当“对捐款的态度”而不是伴随情绪；第（3）题漏掉 After that 那一步或观点句。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $