专题20 构词法（培优专练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

专题20 构词法 目 录 真题·命题感知 1 进阶·强化演练 7 拔高·模拟预测 13 真题·命题感知 一、语法填空 1.（2026·全国一卷）When attending an event at SoFi Stadium, you' re just a short walk or ride from several _______（comfort） and _______（class） hotels. 【答案】comfortable;classy 【解析】修饰名词用形容词，and表示并列。句意：前往SoFi体育场参加活动时，您只需步行或乘车片刻即可抵达多家舒适且高雅的酒店。 2.（2026·全国一卷）For those seeking both comfort and _______（convenient）, the Renaissance Los Angeles Airport Hotel is just a short drive away. 【答案】convenience 【解析】作动词宾语，用名词形式。句意：对于既追求舒适又注重便利的旅客而言，文艺复兴洛杉矶机场酒店仅需短暂车程即可抵达。 3.（2026·全国一卷）A team of Cambridge psychologists conducted an experiment to compare the cognitive (认知的) effects of _______（mere） seeing art with _______（active） judging how _______（beauty） it is. 【答案】merely；actively；beautiful 【解析】句意：剑桥大学的一组心理学家开展了一项实验，旨在比较单纯观赏艺术作品与主动评判其美感所产生的认知效应。 4.（2026·全国一卷）Now I understand that although my son may be learning _______（different）, he is still learning. 【答案】differently 【解析】修饰动词用副词形式。句意：现在我明白了：尽管我的儿子学习方式可能与众不同，但他仍在持续学习。 5.（2026·全国一卷）It's not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the _______（curious） and the appetite. 【答案】curiosity 【解析】作宾语用名词形式。句意：关键不在于词语本身或我们如何学习它们，而在于对这些词语的求知欲、好奇心以及学习热情。 6.（2026·全国一卷）Oaks and sweetgums, which _______（current） account for a majority of the city's trees, produce huge amounts of a _______（chemistry） substance called isoprene. 【答案】currently；chemical 【解析】句意：橡树和枫香树目前占该市树木总数的大部分，能产生大量名为异戊二烯的化学物质。 7.（2026·全国II卷）Angela, a tai chi 57 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. 【答案】instructor 【解析】考查名词。句意：拥有二十八年经验的太极老师安吉拉说，一节圆满的太极课是无杂念的一课。本空为指代人Angela的同位语，用名词instructor“教练，老师”。 8.（2026年1月浙江卷）Life is full of so many seemingly _______（unevent）moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. 【答案】uneventful 【解析】考查形容词。句意：生活中充满了许多看似平淡无奇的时刻，但我们可以把其中任何一个变成庆祝。此处副词seemingly“看似”，形容词。故填uneventful。 9.（2025年新高考I卷）You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘____56____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 【答案】guidance 【解析】考查构词法派生。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 10.（2026年1月浙江卷）She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes watching the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, 40 (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! 【答案】excitement 【解析】考查名词。句意：她会带着我们在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，仿佛那是火箭发射的倒计时，兴奋和紧张的情绪在最后一刻不断累积：叮！本空与后面的tension为并列关系，共同作主语，需用excite的名词形式excitement“兴奋”。故填excitement。 11.（2025年新高考I卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ____60____ (strategy) placement of the pieces,and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 【答案】strategic 【解析】考查形容词构词法。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic。 12.（2025年新高考I卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces,and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ____62____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 【答案】digitally 【解析】考查后缀。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。 13.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 60 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. 【答案】criticism 【解析】考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。 14.（2024·浙江卷1月）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the _______ (criticize) that they lead to waste. 【答案】criticism 【解析】考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。 15.(2023年新高考II卷) Since June 2017, right before the ______ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 【答案】arrival 【解析】考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。 16.（2023全国甲卷）The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty __________ (warn) about environmental destruction. 【答案】warning 【解析】考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。 17.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 【答案】Basically 【解析】考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 18.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 【答案】tasty 【解析】考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。 19.（2023全国乙卷）The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 【答案】remarkable 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 20.（2023浙江1月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 【答案】spacious 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 21.（2023浙江1月卷）The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 【答案】originally 【解析】考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。 22. （2022·全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a ______ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 【答案】responsibility 【解析】考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。 23.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ____________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 【答案】 eventually 【解析】考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。 24.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 【答案】 accidentally 【解析】考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。 25.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. 【答案】 meaningful 【解析】考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 26.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a __________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 【答案】responsibility 【解析】考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。 27.（2021新课标I卷）The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! 【答案】 undoubtedly 【解析】考查副词。句意：山脚下的温泉是你登山后必须尝试的体验，它无疑能让你重新焕发活力！修饰动词help，用副词形式。 28.（2021天津卷）As working from home becomes ____________(increasing) common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. 【答案】increasingly 【解析】考查副词。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。increasingly越来越多地，渐增地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career”可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易，是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍，increasingly符合语境。 29.（2021新课标II卷）I told him how ____________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 【答案】harmful 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。 30.（2021全国乙卷）Provide ____________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 【答案】 financial 【解析】句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。 31.（2021新课标II卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 【答案】 representative 【解析】考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。 32.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved ____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 【答案】gently 【解析】句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。 33.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ____________ (extreme) challenging. 【答案】extremely 【解析】句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。 二、推测下列划线部分的词义 1.（2025年新高考I卷阅读）Batteries are energy - efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services . 【答案】插入 【解析】考查构词法转化。plug本义“插头，塞子”，此处作动词“插入插头”。句意电池是节能的，电动汽车可以接入现有的系统和服务。 2.（2024年浙江卷1月）If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? 【答案】确保 【解析】考查派生词。句意：如果你参加了一个在线课程，你能做些什么来确保最好的成绩呢？ 3.（2024年新高考II卷） The best way to ease pressureon over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. 【答案】游客过多的 【解析】考查构词法。over-touristed由over+tourist+ed合成。句意：缓解过度旅游目的地压力的最好办法是去别的地方。 4.（2023年全国甲卷）Obviously, if precautions(预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome,sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. 【答案】令人烦恼的 【解析】考查构词法。句意：显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊就会变得麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物或穿过院子寻找食物。 5.（2023年新高考I卷）Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 【答案】 1.limitation n. 限制，边界；限制；局限；极限； 2.implication n. 含义；可能的影响（或作用、结果）；暗指；（被）牵连；[逻辑学]蕴涵， 3.discussion n. 讨论；论述 4. decision-making n. 决策 【解析】考查构词法，句意：尽管由纳瓦哈斯人领导的研究有局限性，而且仍存在许多问题，但其对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。 6.（2023·浙江1月考）Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. 【答案】确保 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：人工智能确保了人类光明的未来。 7. （2023 北京卷）The inability to engage with longer-term causes and consequences leads to some of the world’s most serious problems: climate change, biodiversity collapse, and more. 【答案】无力 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：无法参与长期的原因和后果，导致了世界上一些最严重的问题：气候变化、生物多样性崩溃等等。 8.（2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷）Pete Bonds is inexperienced in using robots, so he still hires cowboys to watch cattle? 【答案】没有经验的 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：皮特·邦兹在使用机器人方面没有经验，所以他还雇牛仔来看牛？ 9.（2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷改编）The impact of the programme is unidentifiable. 【答案】无法确认的 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：该计划的影响是无法识别的。 10. （2023·全国乙卷）In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. 【答案】误解 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：除了双方误解的问题外，还有一些意外或故意扭曲的胜利，特别是当只有胜利者知道如何写作的时候。 11.What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification? A great deal of work is already under way.  【答案】沙漠化 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：怎样做才能减缓或阻止沙漠化的进程？大量的工作已经在进行中了。 12.（2023 新高考卷II）At the beginning of the text the author describes that many cities are overpopulated. 【答案】人口过多的 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：在文章的开头，作者描述了许多城市的过度拥挤。 13.（2023·全国甲卷）If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports. 【答案】重建; 修复; 使重现; 重造 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：如果我们想重建那天实际发生的事情，保护人必须像书面报告一样深入和严格地被质疑和解释。 14.（2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷）Spend a few minutes looking through the book. Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc. 【答案】前言; (书的)序言 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：花几分钟时间浏览一下这本书。看看目录、前言、章节标题等。 15.（2022·新高考全国II卷）We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations, subject to availability. Participation in a post-visit survey is required. 【答案】访问后的 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：我们为低收入学校和青年组织提供奖学金，视情况而定。需要参与访问后的调查。 16.（2019·全国卷Ⅱ）The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. 【答案】微生物 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：来自我们身体的微生物无法控制地生长在国际空间站的表面上，所以宇航员每周要花几个小时清理它们。 17.（2020·全国卷III）Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol—one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. 【答案】几代人的 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：年前，他们都搬进了布里斯托尔的一栋三层的维多利亚式住宅——这是英国越来越多的多代人居住在同一个屋檐下的家庭之一。 18.（2023·浙江1月考）A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. 【答案】战胜 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：一台机器现在不仅能在国际象棋上打败你，而且还能在国际辩论赛中胜过你。 19.Thanks to AI, I've got my own super-smart personal assistant built into my phone. 【答案】超级智能 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：由于AI，我的手机内置了我自己的超智能个人助理。 20.（2018·浙江卷）And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today. 【答案】百分率 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：虽然塑料袋看起来可能很难看，但它们只占今天地上所有垃圾的一小部分。 21.（2020·全国新高考Ⅱ卷）I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of “forbidden fruit” that come out of book bags. 【答案】缺席 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：在离开学校15年后，我又回到学校教书，处理着从书包里冒出来的各种“禁果”。 22.（2023·北京卷）The inability to engage with longer-term causes and consequences leads to some of the world’s most serious problems：climate change, biodiversity collapse, and more. 【答案】生物多样性 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：无法参与长期的原因和后果，导致了世界上一些最严重的问题：气候变化、生物多样性崩溃等等。 23.（2023·全国甲卷）Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. 【答案】旗舰店 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：Issaya Siamese 俱乐部是国际知名的泰国厨师伊恩·基蒂柴在曼谷的第一家旗舰餐厅。 24.（2018·全国卷Ⅰ）All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights. 【答案】反光的 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：所有骑手都配备了反光背心和安全灯。 25.While it may sound like an advantage to many, people with this rare condition often find their unusual ability burdensome. 【答案】难以负担的 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：虽然这对许多人来说可能是一种优势，但患有这种罕见疾病的人经常发现他们不寻常的能力负担。 26.（2023·全国甲卷）Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US. Their recovery has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. 【答案】放松 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：如今，美国大约有2000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局曾两次试图将灰熊退出被保护的序列，这将放松法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。 27.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. 【答案】电池驱动的 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：从21世纪的角度来看，这本印刷的书当然是古老的，但它仍然和任何电池驱动的电子阅读器一样具有互动性。 28.（2020·全国卷III）The artist was sure he would be chosen, but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.  【答案】杰作 【解析】考查猜测词义。句意：这位艺术家肯定他会被选中，但当他把他的杰作呈现给皇帝的首席大臣时，老人笑了。聪明的老人告诉他去丽江——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一点东西。 三、考查词性转化 1.（2026·全国二卷）These stages mirror the development of human conceptions of the sea. 【答案】mirror v. 反映。 【解析】名词→动词；句意：这些阶段反映了人类对海洋认知的发展历程。 2.（2026·全国二卷）Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters (测高仪). 【答案】pass n. 山口，关口 【解析】动词→名词。句意：我们停在普拉迪达利小屋附近的一处山口上，开始讨论各种高度计提供的测量数据。 3.（2026·全国二卷）In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level. 【答案】mean adj. 平均的 【解析】动词→形容词。句意：在本书中，我探讨了平均海平面历史上的三个关键阶段。 4.（2026·全国二卷）Sixteen stations of Barcelona’s subway system are part of its new MetroCharge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains’ brakes (刹车) is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables (电 缆) to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. 【答案】snake v. 蜿蜒伸展 【解析】名词→动词。句意： 巴塞罗那地铁系统有 16 个车站参与了全新的 MetroCharge 项目，借助该项目，地铁列车刹车产生的能量会优先为列车和车站供电，剩余能量则顺着电缆蜿蜒输送到地面，为私家（电动）车的充电站供电。 5．（2025·全国I卷）account “We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs.” （名词转化为动词）[名词]账户; 账目; 描述[动词考虑; 解释 6.（2025·全国I卷·阅读7选5）senior Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. （形容词转化为名词）【形容词】adj.级别/地位高的，资深的, (比赛)成人的，高水平的【名词】高年级/毕业班学生；大四的学生 7.（2025·全国II卷·阅读理解A）shape Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. （名词转化为动词）[名词]形状 [动词]影响、决定…的发展(动词，抽象意义上的“塑造”) 8.（2025·全国II卷·阅读理解A）skirt Skirting the town square, you'll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. （名词转化为动词）[名词]裙子[动词]沿…边缘走; 绕过 9.（2025·全国II卷·阅读理解A）line Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. （名词转化为动词）[名词]线条; 线路[动词]沿……排列; 排成一行 10.（2025·全国II卷·阅读理解A）border Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. （名词转化为动词）[名词]n.边界（地区）, 边疆[动词]v.毗邻, 环绕 11.（2025·全国II卷·阅读理解A）ship The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. （名词转化为动词）[名词]n.船,（舰船上的）全体船员[动词]vt.& vi.运送; vt.把…装上船 注意过去式shipped 12. （2025·全国II卷·阅读理解C）flood But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. 但结果却截然相反：她忙得不可开交，仅2020年6月就发出了1200份订单。 （名词转化为动词）【名词】n. 洪水；水灾 v. 淹没【动词】v. 大量涌来；大量涌去 13. （2025·全国II卷·阅读理解C）leave Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces. 我们的研究表明，在植物丰富的办公环境中工作的人，病假减少了30%。 （动词转化为名词）【动词】v. 离开（某地）；辞去（工作、职务等）【名词】n. 假期；休假 四、推测合成词的意思 1.（2026·全国一卷）SoFi Stadium is the go-to destination in the heart of Los Angeles for sports fans. Its calendar is always packed with headline-grabbing events. 【答案】adj. 引人注目的，备受关注的 【解析】句意：SoFi体育场是洛杉矶市中心体育迷的首选目的地，其活动日程始终排得满满当当，充满引人注目的精彩赛事。 2.（2026·全国一卷）Right across the street, Sonder Lüm Hotel offers spacious rooms and a rooftop pool. 【答案】adj. 屋顶上的 【解析】句意：街对面的Sonder Lum酒店提供宽敞的客房和屋顶泳池。 3.（2026·全国一卷）If you're willing to drive a little further, the Ritz-Carlton Los Angeles promises luxurious rooms and extensive leisure facilities — perfect for turning a game day into a great weekend escape. 【答案】n. 周末 【解析】句意：若您愿意多驱车一段距离，洛杉矶丽思卡尔顿酒店将为您提供豪华客房及完善的休闲设施——是将比赛日转变为完美周末度假的理想之选。 4.（2026·全国一卷）SoFi Stadium requires you to park strictly in your assigned zone, and guests must enter through the exact gate indicated on their color-coded digital parking pass. 【答案】颜色编码的 【解析】句意：SoFi体育场要求您严格停放在指定区域，宾客须通过其彩色编码数字停车证上标注的指定入口进入。 5.（2026·全国一卷）In line with longstanding initiatives to expand the green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. 【答案】adj. 长时间的，长期存在的 【解析】句意：为落实长期推进绿地扩展的举措，纽约市每年种植数万棵树木。 6.（2026·全国一卷）They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. 【答案】adj. 升空的，飞行中的；在空气中的n. 野生生物 【解析】句意：它们能提供阴凉、降低地表温度，吸收大量空气中的碳，清除微小污染物，并为野生动物提供栖息地，同时兼具美丽的景观价值。 进阶·强化演练 考点01 语法填空（词形转换） 1.【新情境】（2027·湖南省湘潭市高三第一次模拟） This 59 (innovate) feature gave audiences an absorbing experience of what the sculptures looked like two thousand years ago. 【答案】innovative 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这一创新特色给观众带来了沉浸式的体验，让他们感受到这些雕塑两千年前的样子。此处修饰名词feature，需要将innovate转换为形容词形式innovative，意为“创新的”。 2.【新情境·】（2027·辽宁鞍山市普通高中一模）For exporters and importers, this regular service has ensured speed and 40 (certain). 【答案】certainty 【解析】考查名词。句意：对于出口商和进口商而言，这种定期服务确保了速度和可靠性。此处作动词宾语，应用名词certainty。故填certainty。 3.【新角度】（2027·四川巴中市零诊）The rise in tourism has brought new life to the village, turning around the trend of an aging population. Young residents are returning in 40 (steady) growing numbers to start businesses, contributing to a shared vision of prosperity. 【答案】steadily 【解析】考查副词。句意：年轻居民以稳定增长的数量返乡创业，为共同的繁荣愿景做出了贡献。此处修饰现在分词growing，需要用副词形式，steady是形容词“稳定的”，其副词形式为steadily。 4.【新角度】（2027·陕西省洛南中学第一次模拟）Before the ceremony began, most participants had 39 (mix) feelings. Some felt nervous and others looked really expectant. 【答案】mixed 【解析】考查形容词。句意：在仪式开始前，大多数参与者心情复杂。提示词修饰名词feelings，用形容词化的过去分词mixed(复杂的，混杂的)作定语。 5.（2027·陕西省洛南中学第一次模拟）When I received the medal in 41 (recognize) of my continuous efforts, I felt a mixture of warmth and relief flooding my heart. 【答案】recognition 【解析】考查名词。句意：当我获得这枚认可我持续付出的奖章时，温暖与宽慰交织的情感涌上心头。in recognition of为固定搭配，意为“为表彰……，为认可……”，介词in后接名词recognition，作宾语。 6.（2027·安徽省十联盟联考）Instead, it should offer systematic protection and multi-dimensional 39 (present), linking scattered (分散的) resources into chains and networks that generate scale, vividly conveying the unique creativity and values of Chinese civilization. 【答案】presentation 【解析】考查名词。句意：相反，它应提供系统性的保护和多维度的展示，将分散的资源串联成链、编织成网，形成规模效应，生动地传达中华文明的独特创造力和价值观。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词。该词表示“展示”含义时，为不可数名词，使用单数。 7.（2027·江西吉安市11校联考） The deep blue enamel produced during this period was so 39 (impress) that the art form became forever associated with his reign name, giving it its Chinese name “jingtailan”. 【答案】impressive 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这一时期生产的深蓝色珐琅如此令人印象深刻，以至于这种艺术形式永远与他的年号联系在一起，从而获得了它的中文名称“景泰蓝”。空白处在句子中作表语表示属性，使用形容词，impress的形容词形式为impressive。 8.（2027·江苏省宿迁市名校协作体阶段检测）China’s museums are part of a global trend toward digital 42 (transform), outside experts remark. 【答案】transformation 【解析】考查名词。句意：外部专家评价称，中国的博物馆正顺应全球数字化转型的趋势。本空作介词toward的宾语，需用名词形式，transform的名词形式transformation表示“转型”。 9.（2027·安徽蚌埠市开学考）However, residents say that the 41 (essential) of the city’s beer culture lies in ordinary summer evenings rather than large events. 【答案】essence 【解析】考查名词。句意：然而，当地居民表示这座城市啤酒文化的精髓蕴藏在普通的夏夜，而非大型活动。本空为that引导的宾语从句的主语，用essential的名词形式essence“精髓，本质”。 10.（2027·福建多校联考）For Maria Lopez, winner of the university division at the Chinese Bridge final in Spain, she began learning Chinese four years ago out of pure 61 (curious). “I didn’t really have a special reason,” she said. “I was just curious and decided to try it, and now I’m really glad that I did.” 【答案】curiosity 【解析】考查名词。句意：对于西班牙“汉语桥”决赛大学组冠军玛丽亚·洛佩兹来说，她四年前纯粹出于好奇开始学习中文。本空作介词of的宾语，需填入名词形式curiosity。 11.（2027·江苏连云港市灌南名校协作体阶段检测）The 39 (enthusiastic) about tea-picking experiences reflects a growing desire among young Chinese to step into tradition in a more tangible way, said Zhu Yi, an associate professor at China Agricultural University in Beijing. 【答案】enthusiasm 【解析】考查名词。句意：北京中国农业大学副教授朱毅表示，人们对采茶体验的热情，反映出越来越多的中国年轻人希望以更切实的方式走进传统。定冠词The后需接名词，在句中作主语；形容词enthusiastic的名词形式为enthusiasm（热情），为不可数名词。 12.（2027·湖南长沙市一中广雅中学试题）Originating from the drum music of the Tang Dynasty court, the performance told a 58 (remark) story of how this ancient art has survived across centuries. 【答案】remarkable 【解析】考查形容词。句意：该表演源于唐代宫廷鼓乐，讲述了这门古老艺术如何跨越数世纪得以传承的非凡故事。此处修饰名词story，需将动词remark改为形容词remarkable。 13.（2027·浙江七彩阳光、浙南名校、精诚联盟、金兰教育联考）Cultural anthropology’s roots date back to the 1800s, when early scholars like Lewis Henry Morgan and Edward Tylor became interested in the 59 (compare) study of cultural systems. 【答案】comparative 【解析】考查形容词。句意：文化人类学的根源可以追溯到19世纪，当时像Lewis Henry Morgan和Edward Tylor这样的早期学者开始对文化系统的比较研究产生兴趣。空处修饰名词study，应用形容词形式comparative，意为“比较的”，作定语，comparative study表示“比较研究”。 14.（2027·四川字节精准教育联盟联考）Playing with toys is an important part of a child’s development. It helps children develop important skills such as 56 (creative), problem-solving and even socialization. 【答案】creativity 【解析】考查名词。句意：它帮助儿童发展重要技能，如创造力、解决问题能力，甚至社交能力。空处作介词短语such as的宾语，与problem-solving和socialization并列，应用名词creativity。 15.（2027·四川字节精准教育联盟联考）These simple toys not only provide hours of fun but also offer 59 (value) learning opportunities. 【答案】valuable 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这些简单的玩具不仅提供数小时的乐趣，还提供宝贵的学习机会。空处修饰名词opportunities，应用形容词valuable作定语。 16.（2027·湖北云学联盟阶段训练）Jointly released by the Farmers’ Daily and DJI Agriculture at a news conference, the white paper has reviewed 58 (globe) developments in the sector since 2025, covering policies, training and safety standards. 【答案】global 【解析】考查形容词。句意：该《白皮书》由农民日报社和大疆农业在新闻发布会上联合发布，回顾了自2025年以来该领域的全球发展，涵盖政策、培训和安全标准。空格处修饰名词developments，需要用形容词作定语，globe对应的形容词是global，意为“全球的”。 17.（2027·江苏南京市江宁高级中学一模）These cultural achievements offer a window into a fascinating civilization. They form important spiritual bonds that unite the Chinese people and help to 45 (deep) their understanding of themselves and give them greater confidence for the future. 【答案】deepen 【解析】考查动词。句意：它们构成凝聚国人的精神纽带，有助于加深他们对自身的理解、增强未来自信。固定结构help to do sth.，此处需要填动词原形，deep的动词形式为deepen，表示“加深”。 考点02 推断词义 一、根据构词法推断词义 1.（2026年1月浙江卷）Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. 【答案】energize激发 【解析】句意：即便在规划课程时，我也总会思考如何将个人爱好融入教学。我发现，这样做不仅能为我授课注入活力，还能激发学生的参与兴趣，并让他们直观地看到抽象概念在现实世界中的具体应用。 2.（2026年1月浙江卷）For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. 【答案】contextualize vt.将…置于上下文中理解 , 将…置于背景中考虑 【解析】句意：例如，我是一名汽车爱好者，因此在教授物理课时，我会结合自己对汽车的了解，将相关概念置于具体情境中进行讲解。 3.（2027·广东湛江市教研体联考）In his new book, Dr Barish draws on 40 years of clinical experience, as well as findings from neuroscience, child development studies, and educational programs, to argue that grandparents can play a meaningful role in helping families navigate today’s parenting challenges. 【答案】neuroscience n. 神经系统科学→neuro+science；parenting n. 养育；抚养；教养 【解析】句意：在其新书中，Barish博士结合40年的临床经验，以及神经科学、儿童发展研究和教育项目的研究成果，论证了祖父母可以在帮助家庭应对当今育儿挑战方面发挥重要作用。 4.（2027·广东湛江市教研体联考）“The global economy is decarbonising at least five times too slowly to meet the Paris Agreement target of limiting global warming to well below 2℃,” said Professor Tim Lenton, from the Global Systems Institute at the University of Exeter. “The challenge now is to identify potential positive tipping points, and the actions that can bring them forward — while avoiding wishful thinking about their existence, or oversimplification of their nature, drivers and impacts.” 【答案】decarbonise 脱碳 去碳→de+carbon+ise；oversimplification n. 过度单纯化→over+simplification 【解析】句意：“全球经济脱碳的速度至少比实现《巴黎协定》中将全球变暖限制在远低于2℃的目标所需速度慢五倍，”埃克塞特大学全球系统研究所的蒂姆·伦顿教授表示。“当前的挑战在于识别潜在的积极临界点，以及采取能够推动这些临界点实现的具体措施——同时避免对这些临界点的存在抱有不切实际的期望，或对其性质、驱动因素及影响进行过度简化。” 5.（2027·广东湛江市教研体联考）Another factor is whether there is potential for “self-pushing uptake” of zero-or low-carbon behaviors. For example, as more people buy electric cars, the performance, price and infrastructure improve — making it easier for others to follow, and therefore accelerating the transition. 【答案】infrastructure n. 基础设施；基础建设→infra+structure 【解析】句意：另一个关键因素是：零碳或低碳行为是否存在“自我推动式采纳”的潜在可能。例如，随着购买电动汽车的人数增加，车辆性能、价格及配套设施均得到改善——这降低了他人效仿的门槛，进而加速转型进程。 6.（2027·河南信阳市五校协作体月考）Actually, the potential merits of tears as indicators of health go beyond occasional testing. One promising tear-based technology is a smart contact lens that continuously monitors a patient's biomarkers, significantly improving disease prevention and early detection. 【答案】biomarker n. 生物标记→bio+marker→biology生物 【解析】句意：事实上，泪液作为健康指标的潜在价值已远超偶尔的检测应用。其中一项极具前景的泪液相关技术是智能隐形眼镜，它能持续监测患者的生物标志物，从而显著提升疾病预防与早期检测的能力。 7.（2027·重庆市西南七校联考）At the end of the video, she depicted a character with pink hair, inspired by Zheng Linghua, a 23-year-old facing cyberbullying over her hairstyle and tragically ending her life while battling depression in January 2023. 【答案】cyberbully vt. 网霸；网络欺凌→cyber+bully 【解析】句意：在视频结尾，她塑造了一个粉发角色，其灵感源自郑玲华——这位23岁的年轻女性曾因发型遭受网络欺凌，并于2023年1月在与抑郁症抗争期间不幸结束生命。 8.（2027·重庆市西南七校联考）But notice that we’re not making an overgeneralized claim about all scientific research. We’re identifying a specific area of research which is methodologically problematic and coming to a limited conclusion supported by solid evidence. 【答案】overgeneralized 过度泛化→over+generalized；methodologically adv. 方法上地→method+odologically； problematic adj. 成问题的，有疑问的，不确定的→problem+atic 【解析】句意：但请注意，我们并非对所有科学研究做出过度概括性的断言。我们仅针对某一特定研究领域——该领域在方法论上存在缺陷——基于扎实的证据，得出一个有限的结论。 9.（2027·浙江省杭州高级中学月考）This decline, according to a study by professor Miles Richardson from the University of Derby, mirrors a broader change he has traced through 220 years of records on urbanisation, the loss of wildlife in neighbourhoods, and parents no longer passing on engagement with nature to their children. 【答案】urbanisation n. 城市化→urban+isation 【解析】句意：德比大学迈尔斯·理查德森教授的一项研究表明，这一下降趋势与他基于220年相关记录所观察到的更广泛变化相呼应：包括城市化进程、社区内野生动物的减少，以及父母不再将亲近自然的习惯传递给子女。 10.（2027·浙江省杭州高级中学月考）These direct statements prioritize emotional honesty without over-disclosure. And they don’t leave space for negotiation where none is guaranteed. 【答案】prioritize vt. 按重要性排列，划分优先顺序；优先处理→prior+itize；over-disclosure过度披露 【解析】句意：这些直接陈述强调情感上的坦诚，而非过度披露；且在无法确保结果的情况下，也不为协商留下空间。 二、理解下列所填词的词性转化 1. Could you please ________ (hand) me the dictionary on the top shelf? I can't reach it. 【答案】hand 【解析】考查名词转动词。句意：你能把顶层书架上的字典递给我吗？我够不着。“hand” 作名词意为 “手”，转化为动词意为 “递”，符合语境，故填 hand。 2. The ________ (old) in our community are taken good care of by volunteers who visit them regularly. 【答案】old 【解析】考查形容词转名词。句意：我们社区的老年人得到志愿者的悉心照顾，他们会定期探访。“the + 形容词” 表一类人，“the old” 意为 “老年人”，故填 old。 3. We should ________ (water) the plants every morning to keep them green and healthy. 【答案】water 【解析】考查名词转动词。句意：我们应该每天早上给植物浇水，让它们保持翠绿健康。“water” 作名词意为 “水”，转化为动词意为 “浇水”，故填 water。 4. After trying several times, he finally had a ________ (try) and succeeded in solving the problem. 【答案】try 【解析】考查动词转名词。句意：尝试了几次后，他终于试了一次，成功解决了问题。“try” 作动词意为 “尝试”，转化为名词意为 “尝试”，“have a try” 为固定短语，故填 try。 5. It's important to ________ (perfect) your communication skills to get along well with others. 【答案】perfect 【解析】考查形容词转动词。句意：完善沟通技巧对于与他人友好相处很重要。“perfect” 作形容词意为 “完美的”，转化为动词意为 “完善”，故填 perfect。 拔高·模拟预测 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境】（2027·河北唐山市摸底） For many years, Fiji was believed to be a country where mushrooms could not be grown successfully because of its hot and humid (潮湿的) climate. As a result, the market was supplied with 1 (import) mushroom products. Everything changed when China introduced Juncao, a technology 2 was developed by Chinese scientists after years of research. Instead of using wood, Juncao relies on a special kind of grass 3 (grow) mushrooms. The grass can also be used as animal feed and to improve poor soil, making it 4 environmentally friendly agricultural resource. Chinese experts brought the first Juncao plants to Fiji and trained local farmers to use the technology. Having completed several 5 (round) of training, more farmers mastered the new skills. The technology soon 6 (prove) effective. During the dry season, livestock could feed on Juncao, which grows quickly and contains plenty of protein. At the same time, mushrooms were successfully grown in the shade of coconut and mango trees, providing local people 7 both food and extra income. Farmers were deeply encouraged by the success, 8 (steady) expanding their farms and improving their lives. Today, Juncao has created jobs, protected the environment, and strengthened friendship between China and Fiji. After each training course, villagers often sang 9 (tradition) songs to express their thankfulness to the Chinese experts, 10 (show) that the small grass can bring not only harvests but also hope and friendship. 【答案】 1．imported 2．that/which 3．to grow 4．an 5．rounds 6．proved 7．with 8．steadily 9．traditional 10．showing 【解析】本文介绍了菌草技术。斐济因湿热气候无法种植蘑菇，依靠进口产品；中国研发的菌草技术引入斐济，助力当地增收，也增进中斐友谊。 1．考查形容词。句意：因此，市场供应进口蘑菇产品。修饰名词products，此空是形容词imported，表示“进口的”，作定语。 2．考查定语从句。句意：当中国引进菌草这项经过中国科学家多年研究开发的技术后，一切都变了。此空引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是technology，指物，此空是关系代词that/which。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：菌草不使用木材，而是依靠一种特殊的草来种植蘑菇。依靠这种草是为了种蘑菇，此空是不定式to grow，作目的状语。 4．考查冠词。句意：这种草还可以用作动物饲料、改良贫瘠土壤，使它成为一种环保农业资源。resource是可数名词单数，此处为泛指，且environmentally以元音音素开头，此空是不定冠词an。 5．考查名词复数。句意：完成几轮培训之后，更多农民掌握了这项新技术。several后面接可数名词复数rounds，作宾语。 6．考查动词时态。句意：这项技术很快证明是有效的。讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时proved，本句是主系表结构。 7．考查介词。句意：与此同时，蘑菇在椰子树和芒果树树荫下成功种植，为当地人同时提供食物和额外收入。provide sb. with sth.是固定搭配，意为“给某人提供某物”。 8．考查副词。句意：受到这一成功的极大鼓舞，农民稳步扩大农场规模，改善生活。修饰现在分词expanding，此空是副词steadily，意为“稳定地”，作状语。 9．考查形容词。句意：每次培训课程结束后，村民们常常唱传统歌曲向中国专家表达感谢，表明这种小草不仅带来收成，还带来希望与友谊。修饰名词songs，此空是形容词traditional，表示“传统的”，作定语。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：每次培训课程结束后，村民们常常唱传统歌曲向中国专家表达感谢，表明这种小草不仅带来收成，还带来希望与友谊。句子已有谓语sang，此空是非谓语；前面整句话和show是主谓关系，此空是现在分词showing，作状语。 Passage 2 【新情境】（2026·重庆市育才中学校月考） A celebration marking the 2026 UN “International Day of Dialogue among Civilizations”, the “Guizhou Colorido” performance was held on June 12 in Santiago, the capital of Chile. The performance kicked off 1 the beautiful sounds of lusheng (reed pipe) and mangtong (bamboo pipe), as performers 2 (dress) in delicate Guizhou ethnic costumes sang the Welcoming Wine Song, 3 classic folk tune. The show vividly presented the profound heritage and unique charm of Guizhou’s diverse ethnic cultures through 4 (vary) song and dance acts. The Guizhou Provincial Song and Dance Theatre 5 (stage) two masterpieces: the Dong ethnic dance Green Mountains and Lucid Waters, 6 a musical piece named Duet of Forest Sounds, performed on fresh wood leaves and lusheng. The wonderful performance won non-stop cheers and warm applause from the entire audience. Niu Qingbao, Chinese ambassador to Chile, expressed his sincere hope 7 the China Cultural Center in Santiago could serve as a new starting point. He expected both countries would cooperate closely 8 (promote) cultural exchanges and let the fruits of mutual learning benefit citizens on both sides. Guizhou, 9 (feature) rich and colorful ethnic resources, has long attached great importance to international cultural communication. Such wonderful performances build a soft bridge between China and Latin America, proving that all 10 (nation) are equal and splendid. 【答案】 1．with 2．dressed 3．a 4．various 5．staged 6．and 7．that 8．to promote 9．featuring 10．nations 【解析】贵州民族文艺演出在智利举办，展现多彩民族文化，助力中智文化交流，印证世界各国文明平等多彩。 1．考查介词。句意：演出以芦笙和芒筒的美妙乐曲拉开帷幕，身着精致贵州民族服饰的演员们唱起了《敬酒歌》，这是一首经典民间曲调。此处考查固定搭配kick off with…，表示“以……拉开序幕”。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：演出以芦笙和芒筒的美妙乐曲拉开帷幕，身着精致贵州民族服饰的演员们唱起了《敬酒歌》，这是一首经典民间曲调。此处为非谓语，performers与dress为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词dressed作后置定语。 3．考查冠词。句意：演出以芦笙和芒筒的美妙乐曲拉开帷幕，身着精致贵州民族服饰的演员们唱起了《敬酒歌》，这是一首经典民间曲调。此处泛指“一首曲调”，且classic以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 4．考查形容词。句意：该演出通过多种多样的歌舞节目，生动展现了贵州多元民族文化深厚的底蕴与独特的魅力。此处修饰名词song and dance acts，需用形容词作定语，vary的形容词形式为various，表“不同的”。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：贵州省歌舞剧院上演了两部精品力作：侗族舞蹈《绿水青山》以及用新鲜木叶与芦笙演奏的乐曲《山林和鸣》。此处考查谓语动词，the Guizhou Provincial Song and Dance Theatre与stage为主动关系，叙述过去举办的演出，应用一般过去时，所以谓语动词stage用过去式staged。 6．考查连词。句意：贵州省歌舞剧院上演了两部精品力作：侗族舞蹈《绿水青山》以及用新鲜木叶与芦笙演奏的乐曲《山林和鸣》。分析句子结构可知，此处并列两个作品，表并列关系应使用并列连词and。 7．考查同位语从句。句意：中国驻智利大使牛清报表达了他诚挚的愿望，希望圣地亚哥中国文化中心能够成为一个新起点。分析句子结构可知，此处为同位语从句，解释说明hope的具体内容，从句句意完整且不缺成分，应用连接词that引导。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：他期待两国能够密切合作，促进文化交流，让互学互鉴的成果惠及两国人民。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，说明两国密切合作的目的。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：贵州拥有丰富多彩的民族资源，长期以来高度重视国际文化交流。此处为非谓语，Guizhou与feature为主动关系，再由语境可知，应用现在分词featuring作后置定语。 10．考查名词复数。句意：这类精彩的演出搭建起中国与拉美之间的柔性桥梁，证明所有国家都是平等且璀璨的。all后接可数名词复数，nation的复数形式为nations。 Passage 3 【新情境】（2027·广东海珠区摸底统考） While kids in the city complain about a 10-minute walk to school, children in the 1 (deep) of Nizhu River Grand Canyon in Xuanwei, Yunnan Province have to climb 3 hours along narrow mountain paths just to get there. For generations in Nizhuhe, this was 2 (simple) what it meant to go to school. In 2022, with the opening of the scenic area’s 268-meter-high Qingyun Ladder sightseeing elevator and cable car system, the travel time 3 (shorten) to just 30 minutes, with permanent free access for all villagers and students. By the end of 2025, the system 4 (serve) nearly 1,000 student trips. To address the 5 (limit) capacity of a single elevator, the local government invested approximately 68 million yuan to build a second elevator, the Fuyao Ladder (288m tall), 6 went into operation on July 31, 2026. With both elevators 7 (run) in parallel, capacity has increased from 400 to 1,200 passengers per hour, and students and villagers enjoy priority access. The names of the ladders, Qingyun and Fuyao, also won people’s hearts for their 8 (culture) meanings. The story has moved many — not because it relocated the village, 9 because it built a bridge across the natural chasm (天堑), allowing children to “soar straight up” and see the beauty of their homeland. The simple contrast between 3 hours and 30 minutes serves 10 evidence of the warmth and progress of China’s development. 【答案】 1．depths/depth 2．simply 3．was shortened 4．had served 5．limited 6．which 7．running 8．cultural 9．but 10．as 【解析】云南尼珠河大峡谷的孩子上学路途艰险，新建电梯缆车大幅缩短通行时间，彰显中国发展的温度与进步。 1．depths/depth考查名词。句意：当城市里的孩子抱怨步行10分钟去上学时，云南省宣威市尼珠河大峡谷深处的孩子们却要沿着狭窄的山路攀爬3个小时才能抵达学校。介词in后面需要接名词，固定搭配in the depths of…或in the depth of…，均表示“在……的深处”。 2．考查副词。句意：对于尼珠河的一代代人来说，这就是上学本来的样子。此处修饰表语从句，要用副词；simple的副词形式为simply，表“简直，只不过”。 3．考查时态语态。句意：2022年，随着景区268米高的青云梯观光电梯和缆车系统投入使用，通行时间被缩短至仅30分钟，所有村民和学生可永久免费乘坐。本空作谓语，主语the travel time和shorten是被动关系；In 2022为一般过去时，主语为单数，谓语用was shortened。 4．考查时态。句意：到2025年底，这套设施已经为近1000人次的学生出行提供过服务。此空考查谓语动词，the system与serve为主动关系，by the end of + 过去时间（2025），主句要用过去完成时，表示“到过去某个时间点已经完成的动作”，结构had + 过去分词。 5．考查形容词。句意：为了解决单台电梯容量有限的问题，当地政府投入约6800万元修建第二台电梯——扶摇梯（高288米），该电梯于2026年7月31日投入运行。修饰名词capacity需要形容词，limited表示“有限的”。 6．考查定语从句。句意：为了解决单台电梯容量有限的问题，当地政府投入约6800万元修建第二台电梯——扶摇梯（高288米），该电梯于2026年7月31日投入运行。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Fuyao Ladder，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：两台电梯并行运行后，每小时载客量从400人次提升至1200人次，学生和村民享有优先使用权。此处为with复合结构，elevators和run为主动关系，应用现在分词running作宾语补足语。 8．考查形容词。句意：两台梯子“青云”和“扶摇”的名字也因其文化内涵赢得了人们的喜爱。修饰名词meanings需要形容词，culture的形容词形式为cultural，表“文化的”。 9．考查连词。句意：这个故事感动了很多人——不是因为它搬迁了村庄，而是因为它在天堑之上架起了一座桥梁，让孩子们能够“扶摇直上”，看见家乡的美好。此处考查固定搭配not…but…，表“不是……而是……”。 10．考查介词。句意：3小时和30分钟的简单对比，正是中国发展温度与进步的佐证。此处考查固定搭配serve as，表“充当；作为”。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题20 构词法 目 录 真题·命题感知 1 进阶·强化演练 7 拔高·模拟预测 13 真题·命题感知 一、语法填空 1.（2026·全国一卷）When attending an event at SoFi Stadium, you' re just a short walk or ride from several _______（comfort） and _______（class） hotels. 2.（2026·全国一卷）For those seeking both comfort and _______（convenient）, the Renaissance Los Angeles Airport Hotel is just a short drive away. 3.（2026·全国一卷）A team of Cambridge psychologists conducted an experiment to compare the cognitive (认知的) effects of _______（mere） seeing art with _______（active） judging how _______（beauty） it is. 4.（2026·全国一卷）Now I understand that although my son may be learning _______（different）, he is still learning. 5.（2026·全国一卷）It's not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the _______（curious） and the appetite. 6.（2026·全国一卷）Oaks and sweetgums, which _______（current） account for a majority of the city's trees, produce huge amounts of a _______（chemistry） substance called isoprene. 7.（2026·全国II卷）Angela, a tai chi 57 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. 8.（2026年1月浙江卷）Life is full of so many seemingly _______（unevent）moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. 9.（2025年新高考I卷）You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘____56____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 10.（2026年1月浙江卷）She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes watching the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, 40 (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! 11.（2025年新高考I卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ____60____ (strategy) placement of the pieces,and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 12.（2025年新高考I卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces,and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ____62____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 13.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 60 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. 14.（2024·浙江卷1月）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the _______ (criticize) that they lead to waste. 15.(2023年新高考II卷) Since June 2017, right before the ______ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 16.（2023全国甲卷）The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty __________ (warn) about environmental destruction. 17.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 18.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 19.（2023全国乙卷）The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 20.（2023浙江1月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 21.（2023浙江1月卷）The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 22. （2022·全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a ______ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 23.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ____________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 24.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 25.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. 26.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a __________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 27.（2021新课标I卷）The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! 28.（2021天津卷）As working from home becomes ____________(increasing) common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. 29.（2021新课标II卷）I told him how ____________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 30.（2021全国乙卷）Provide ____________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 31.（2021新课标II卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 32.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved ____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 33.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ____________ (extreme) challenging. 二、推测下列划线部分的词义 1.（2025年新高考I卷阅读）Batteries are energy - efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services . 2.（2024年浙江卷1月）If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? 3.（2024年新高考II卷） The best way to ease pressureon over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. 4.（2023年全国甲卷）Obviously, if precautions(预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome,sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. 5.（2023年新高考I卷）Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 6.（2023·浙江1月考）Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. 7. （2023 北京卷）The inability to engage with longer-term causes and consequences leads to some of the world’s most serious problems: climate change, biodiversity collapse, and more. 8.（2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷）Pete Bonds is inexperienced in using robots, so he still hires cowboys to watch cattle? 9.（2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷改编）The impact of the programme is unidentifiable. 10. （2023·全国乙卷）In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. 11.What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification? A great deal of work is already under way.  12.（2023 新高考卷II）At the beginning of the text the author describes that many cities are overpopulated. 13.（2023·全国甲卷）If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports. 14.（2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷）Spend a few minutes looking through the book. Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc. 15.（2022·新高考全国II卷）We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations, subject to availability. Participation in a post-visit survey is required. 16.（2019·全国卷Ⅱ）The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. 17.（2020·全国卷III）Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol—one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. 18.（2023·浙江1月考）A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. 19.Thanks to AI, I've got my own super-smart personal assistant built into my phone. 20.（2018·浙江卷）And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today. 21.（2020·全国新高考Ⅱ卷）I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of “forbidden fruit” that come out of book bags. 22.（2023·北京卷）The inability to engage with longer-term causes and consequences leads to some of the world’s most serious problems：climate change, biodiversity collapse, and more. 23.（2023·全国甲卷）Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. 24.（2018·全国卷Ⅰ）All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights. 25.While it may sound like an advantage to many, people with this rare condition often find their unusual ability burdensome. 26.（2023·全国甲卷）Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US. Their recovery has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. 27.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. 28.（2020·全国卷III）The artist was sure he would be chosen, but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River—perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.  三、考查词性转化 1.（2026·全国二卷）These stages mirror the development of human conceptions of the sea. 2.（2026·全国二卷）Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters (测高仪). 3.（2026·全国二卷）In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level. 4.（2026·全国二卷）Sixteen stations of Barcelona’s subway system are part of its new MetroCharge project, whereby the energy from the underground trains’ brakes (刹车) is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while the remainder is sent snaking through cables (电 缆) to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned vehicles. 5．（2025·全国I卷）account “We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs.” 6.（2025·全国I卷·阅读7选5）senior Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 7.（2025·全国II卷·阅读理解A）shape Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. 8.（2025·全国II卷·阅读理解A）skirt Skirting the town square, you'll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. 9.（2025·全国II卷·阅读理解A）line Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. 10.（2025·全国II卷·阅读理解A）border Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. 11.（2025·全国II卷·阅读理解A）ship The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. 12. （2025·全国II卷·阅读理解C）flood But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. 但结果却截然相反：她忙得不可开交，仅2020年6月就发出了1200份订单。 13. （2025·全国II卷·阅读理解C）leave Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces. 我们的研究表明，在植物丰富的办公环境中工作的人，病假减少了30%。 四、推测合成词的意思 1.（2026·全国一卷）SoFi Stadium is the go-to destination in the heart of Los Angeles for sports fans. Its calendar is always packed with headline-grabbing events. 2.（2026·全国一卷）Right across the street, Sonder Lüm Hotel offers spacious rooms and a rooftop pool. 3.（2026·全国一卷）If you're willing to drive a little further, the Ritz-Carlton Los Angeles promises luxurious rooms and extensive leisure facilities — perfect for turning a game day into a great weekend escape. 4.（2026·全国一卷）SoFi Stadium requires you to park strictly in your assigned zone, and guests must enter through the exact gate indicated on their color-coded digital parking pass. 5.（2026·全国一卷）In line with longstanding initiatives to expand the green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. 6.（2026·全国一卷）They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. 进阶·强化演练 考点01 语法填空（词形转换） 1.【新情境】（2027·湖南省湘潭市高三第一次模拟） This 59 (innovate) feature gave audiences an absorbing experience of what the sculptures looked like two thousand years ago. 2.【新情境·】（2027·辽宁鞍山市普通高中一模）For exporters and importers, this regular service has ensured speed and 40 (certain). 3.【新角度】（2027·四川巴中市零诊）The rise in tourism has brought new life to the village, turning around the trend of an aging population. Young residents are returning in 40 (steady) growing numbers to start businesses, contributing to a shared vision of prosperity. 4.【新角度】（2027·陕西省洛南中学第一次模拟）Before the ceremony began, most participants had 39 (mix) feelings. Some felt nervous and others looked really expectant. 5.（2027·陕西省洛南中学第一次模拟）When I received the medal in 41 (recognize) of my continuous efforts, I felt a mixture of warmth and relief flooding my heart. 6.（2027·安徽省十联盟联考）Instead, it should offer systematic protection and multi-dimensional 39 (present), linking scattered (分散的) resources into chains and networks that generate scale, vividly conveying the unique creativity and values of Chinese civilization. 7.（2027·江西吉安市11校联考） The deep blue enamel produced during this period was so 39 (impress) that the art form became forever associated with his reign name, giving it its Chinese name “jingtailan”. 8.（2027·江苏省宿迁市名校协作体阶段检测）China’s museums are part of a global trend toward digital 42 (transform), outside experts remark. 9.（2027·安徽蚌埠市开学考）However, residents say that the 41 (essential) of the city’s beer culture lies in ordinary summer evenings rather than large events. 10.（2027·福建多校联考）For Maria Lopez, winner of the university division at the Chinese Bridge final in Spain, she began learning Chinese four years ago out of pure 61 (curious). “I didn’t really have a special reason,” she said. “I was just curious and decided to try it, and now I’m really glad that I did.” 11.（2027·江苏连云港市灌南名校协作体阶段检测）The 39 (enthusiastic) about tea-picking experiences reflects a growing desire among young Chinese to step into tradition in a more tangible way, said Zhu Yi, an associate professor at China Agricultural University in Beijing. 12.（2027·湖南长沙市一中广雅中学试题）Originating from the drum music of the Tang Dynasty court, the performance told a 58 (remark) story of how this ancient art has survived across centuries. 13.（2027·浙江七彩阳光、浙南名校、精诚联盟、金兰教育联考）Cultural anthropology’s roots date back to the 1800s, when early scholars like Lewis Henry Morgan and Edward Tylor became interested in the 59 (compare) study of cultural systems. 14.（2027·四川字节精准教育联盟联考）Playing with toys is an important part of a child’s development. It helps children develop important skills such as 56 (creative), problem-solving and even socialization. 15.（2027·四川字节精准教育联盟联考）These simple toys not only provide hours of fun but also offer 59 (value) learning opportunities. 16.（2027·湖北云学联盟阶段训练）Jointly released by the Farmers’ Daily and DJI Agriculture at a news conference, the white paper has reviewed 58 (globe) developments in the sector since 2025, covering policies, training and safety standards. 17.（2027·江苏南京市江宁高级中学一模）These cultural achievements offer a window into a fascinating civilization. They form important spiritual bonds that unite the Chinese people and help to 45 (deep) their understanding of themselves and give them greater confidence for the future. 考点02 推断词义 一、根据构词法推断词义 1.（2026年1月浙江卷）Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. 2.（2026年1月浙江卷）For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. 3.（2027·广东湛江市教研体联考）In his new book, Dr Barish draws on 40 years of clinical experience, as well as findings from neuroscience, child development studies, and educational programs, to argue that grandparents can play a meaningful role in helping families navigate today’s parenting challenges. 4.（2027·广东湛江市教研体联考）“The global economy is decarbonising at least five times too slowly to meet the Paris Agreement target of limiting global warming to well below 2℃,” said Professor Tim Lenton, from the Global Systems Institute at the University of Exeter. “The challenge now is to identify potential positive tipping points, and the actions that can bring them forward — while avoiding wishful thinking about their existence, or oversimplification of their nature, drivers and impacts.” 5.（2027·广东湛江市教研体联考）Another factor is whether there is potential for “self-pushing uptake” of zero-or low-carbon behaviors. For example, as more people buy electric cars, the performance, price and infrastructure improve — making it easier for others to follow, and therefore accelerating the transition. 6.（2027·河南信阳市五校协作体月考）Actually, the potential merits of tears as indicators of health go beyond occasional testing. One promising tear-based technology is a smart contact lens that continuously monitors a patient's biomarkers, significantly improving disease prevention and early detection. 7.（2027·重庆市西南七校联考）At the end of the video, she depicted a character with pink hair, inspired by Zheng Linghua, a 23-year-old facing cyberbullying over her hairstyle and tragically ending her life while battling depression in January 2023. 8.（2027·重庆市西南七校联考）But notice that we’re not making an overgeneralized claim about all scientific research. We’re identifying a specific area of research which is methodologically problematic and coming to a limited conclusion supported by solid evidence. 9.（2027·浙江省杭州高级中学月考）This decline, according to a study by professor Miles Richardson from the University of Derby, mirrors a broader change he has traced through 220 years of records on urbanisation, the loss of wildlife in neighbourhoods, and parents no longer passing on engagement with nature to their children. 10.（2027·浙江省杭州高级中学月考）These direct statements prioritize emotional honesty without over-disclosure. And they don’t leave space for negotiation where none is guaranteed. 二、理解下列所填词的词性转化 1. Could you please ________ (hand) me the dictionary on the top shelf? I can't reach it. 2. The ________ (old) in our community are taken good care of by volunteers who visit them regularly. 3. We should ________ (water) the plants every morning to keep them green and healthy. 4. After trying several times, he finally had a ________ (try) and succeeded in solving the problem. 5. It's important to ________ (perfect) your communication skills to get along well with others. 拔高·模拟预测 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境】（2027·河北唐山市摸底） For many years, Fiji was believed to be a country where mushrooms could not be grown successfully because of its hot and humid (潮湿的) climate. As a result, the market was supplied with 1 (import) mushroom products. Everything changed when China introduced Juncao, a technology 2 was developed by Chinese scientists after years of research. Instead of using wood, Juncao relies on a special kind of grass 3 (grow) mushrooms. The grass can also be used as animal feed and to improve poor soil, making it 4 environmentally friendly agricultural resource. Chinese experts brought the first Juncao plants to Fiji and trained local farmers to use the technology. Having completed several 5 (round) of training, more farmers mastered the new skills. The technology soon 6 (prove) effective. During the dry season, livestock could feed on Juncao, which grows quickly and contains plenty of protein. At the same time, mushrooms were successfully grown in the shade of coconut and mango trees, providing local people 7 both food and extra income. Farmers were deeply encouraged by the success, 8 (steady) expanding their farms and improving their lives. Today, Juncao has created jobs, protected the environment, and strengthened friendship between China and Fiji. After each training course, villagers often sang 9 (tradition) songs to express their thankfulness to the Chinese experts, 10 (show) that the small grass can bring not only harvests but also hope and friendship. Passage 2 【新情境】（2026·重庆市育才中学校月考） A celebration marking the 2026 UN “International Day of Dialogue among Civilizations”, the “Guizhou Colorido” performance was held on June 12 in Santiago, the capital of Chile. The performance kicked off 1 the beautiful sounds of lusheng (reed pipe) and mangtong (bamboo pipe), as performers 2 (dress) in delicate Guizhou ethnic costumes sang the Welcoming Wine Song, 3 classic folk tune. The show vividly presented the profound heritage and unique charm of Guizhou’s diverse ethnic cultures through 4 (vary) song and dance acts. The Guizhou Provincial Song and Dance Theatre 5 (stage) two masterpieces: the Dong ethnic dance Green Mountains and Lucid Waters, 6 a musical piece named Duet of Forest Sounds, performed on fresh wood leaves and lusheng. The wonderful performance won non-stop cheers and warm applause from the entire audience. Niu Qingbao, Chinese ambassador to Chile, expressed his sincere hope 7 the China Cultural Center in Santiago could serve as a new starting point. He expected both countries would cooperate closely 8 (promote) cultural exchanges and let the fruits of mutual learning benefit citizens on both sides. Guizhou, 9 (feature) rich and colorful ethnic resources, has long attached great importance to international cultural communication. Such wonderful performances build a soft bridge between China and Latin America, proving that all 10 (nation) are equal and splendid. Passage 3 【新情境】（2027·广东海珠区摸底统考） While kids in the city complain about a 10-minute walk to school, children in the 1 (deep) of Nizhu River Grand Canyon in Xuanwei, Yunnan Province have to climb 3 hours along narrow mountain paths just to get there. For generations in Nizhuhe, this was 2 (simple) what it meant to go to school. In 2022, with the opening of the scenic area’s 268-meter-high Qingyun Ladder sightseeing elevator and cable car system, the travel time 3 (shorten) to just 30 minutes, with permanent free access for all villagers and students. By the end of 2025, the system 4 (serve) nearly 1,000 student trips. To address the 5 (limit) capacity of a single elevator, the local government invested approximately 68 million yuan to build a second elevator, the Fuyao Ladder (288m tall), 6 went into operation on July 31, 2026. With both elevators 7 (run) in parallel, capacity has increased from 400 to 1,200 passengers per hour, and students and villagers enjoy priority access. The names of the ladders, Qingyun and Fuyao, also won people’s hearts for their 8 (culture) meanings. The story has moved many — not because it relocated the village, 9 because it built a bridge across the natural chasm (天堑), allowing children to “soar straight up” and see the beauty of their homeland. The simple contrast between 3 hours and 30 minutes serves 10 evidence of the warmth and progress of China’s development. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题20 构词法 目 录 真题·命题感知 1 进阶·强化演练 7 拔高·模拟预测 13 真题·命题感知 一、语法填空 1.comfortable;classy2.convenience3.merely；actively；beautiful4.differently5.curiosity6.currently；chemical 7.instructor8.uneventful9.guidance10.excitement11.strategic12.digitally13.criticism14.criticism15.arrival 16.warning 17.Basically18.tasty19.remarkable20.spacious21.originally22.responsibility23. eventually 24.accidentally25.meaningful26.responsibility27.undoubtedly28.increasingly29.harmful30.financial 31.representative 32.gently 33.extremely 二、推测下列划线部分的词义 1.插入2.（确保3.游客过多的4.令人烦恼的 5. 1.limitation n. 限制，边界；限制；局限；极限； 2.implication n. 含义；可能的影响（或作用、结果）；暗指；（被）牵连；[逻辑学]蕴涵， 3.discussion n. 讨论；论述 4. decision-making n. 决策 6.确保7. 无力8.没有经验的9.无法确认的10. 误解11.沙漠化12.人口过多的13.重建; 修复; 使重现; 重造 14.前言; (书的)序言15.访问后的16.微生物17.几代人的18.战胜19.超级智能20.百分率21.缺席22.生物多样性23.旗舰店24.反光的25.难以负担的26.放松27.电池驱动的28.杰作 三、考查词性转化 1.mirror v. 反映。 2.pass n. 山口，关口 3.mean adj. 平均的 4.snake v. 蜿蜒伸展 5．（名词转化为动词）[名词]账户; 账目; 描述[动词考虑; 解释 6.（形容词转化为名词）【形容词】adj.级别/地位高的，资深的, (比赛)成人的，高水平的【名词】高年级/毕业班学生；大四的学生 7.（名词转化为动词）[名词]形状 [动词]影响、决定…的发展(动词，抽象意义上的“塑造”) 8.（名词转化为动词）[名词]裙子[动词]沿…边缘走; 绕过 9.（名词转化为动词）[名词]线条; 线路[动词]沿……排列; 排成一行 10.（名词转化为动词）[名词]n.边界（地区）, 边疆[动词]v.毗邻, 环绕 11.（名词转化为动词）[名词]n.船,（舰船上的）全体船员[动词]vt.& vi.运送; vt.把…装上船 注意过去式shipped 12. （名词转化为动词）【名词】n. 洪水；水灾 v. 淹没【动词】v. 大量涌来；大量涌去 13. （动词转化为名词）【动词】v. 离开（某地）；辞去（工作、职务等）【名词】n. 假期；休假 四、推测合成词的意思 1.adj. 引人注目的，备受关注的2.adj. 屋顶上的3.n. 周末 4.颜色编码的5.adj. 长时间的，长期存在的6.adj. 升空的，飞行中的；在空气中的n. 野生生物 进阶·强化演练 考点01 语法填空（词形转换） 1.innovative2.certainty3.steadily4.mixed5.recognition6.presentation7.impressive8.transformation9.essence 10.curiosity11.enthusiasm12.remarkable13.comparative14.creativity15.valuable 16.global17.deepen 考点02 推断词义 一、根据构词法推断词义 1.energize激发 2.contextualize vt.将…置于上下文中理解 , 将…置于背景中考虑 3.neuroscience n. 神经系统科学→neuro+science；parenting n. 养育；抚养；教养 4.decarbonise 脱碳 去碳→de+carbon+ise；oversimplification n. 过度单纯化→over+simplification 5.infrastructure n. 基础设施；基础建设→infra+structure 6.biomarker n. 生物标记→bio+marker→biology生物 7.cyberbully vt. 网霸；网络欺凌→cyber+bully 8.overgeneralized 过度泛化→over+generalized；methodologically adv. 方法上地→method+odologically； problematic adj. 成问题的，有疑问的，不确定的→problem+atic 9.urbanisation n. 城市化→urban+isation 10.prioritize vt. 按重要性排列，划分优先顺序；优先处理→prior+itize；over-disclosure过度披露 二、理解下列所填词的词性转化 1. hand2. old3. water4. try5. perfect 拔高·模拟预测 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境】（2027·河北唐山市摸底） 1．imported 2．that/which 3．to grow 4．an 5．rounds 6．proved 7．with 8．steadily 9．traditional 10．showing Passage 2 【新情境】（2026·重庆市育才中学校月考） 1．with 2．dressed 3．a 4．various 5．staged 6．and 7．that 8．to promote 9．featuring 10．nations Passage 3 【新情境】（2027·广东海珠区摸底统考） 1．depths/depth 2．simply 3．was shortened 4．had served 5．limited 6．which 7．running 8．cultural 9．but 10．as 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $