2027届高考英语一轮复习谓语动词专题（补弱）学案

2027届高考英语一轮复习谓语动词专题 模块一：谓语动词的判定 1、核心本质：谓语vs非谓语 a. 终极铁律：一个完整简单句，若无并列连词（and/but/or/so），只能有一个谓语动词；句子（或从句）缺少谓语时，空格处才填谓语动词。 b. 谓语动词：体现时态、语态和主谓一致（人称、单复数）的变化，是句子的核心；由「时态＋语态＋一致」三个维度共同确定形式。 c. 判定口诀：先找谓语，再看连词——句中已有谓语且无并列连词→空格填非谓语；句中（或从句中）没有谓语→空格填谓语。 2、标准化解题步骤 1　 定语态（判主动/被动）：锁定主语，判断主语与动词的关系——主语主动发出动作→主动语态；主语被动承受动作→被动语态（be + done）。 2　 定时态（找时间标志词）：yesterday、last week、in 2020 →一般过去时；since、for、so far、recently、in the past... years →现在完成时；by the time +过去时从句→过去完成时；now、Look!、Listen! → 进行时；tomorrow、next week、in + 将来时间→一般将来时。 3　 定一致（判人称与数）：第三人称单数动词加 -s/-es；either...or、neither...nor、not only...but also 就近一致；as well as、together with、along with 就远一致。 3、高考核心时态一览（8种必考） 时态 主动结构 被动结构 常见时间标志词 一般现在时 do / does am/is/are done always, usually, often, every day 一般过去时 did was/were done yesterday, last week, in 2020, just now 一般将来时 will do will be done tomorrow, next week, in 2028, soon 现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being done now, at present, Look! Listen! 过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done at that time, at 8:00 last night 现在完成时 have/has done have/has been done since, for, so far, recently, already, yet 过去完成时 had done had been done by the time, by the end of last month 过去将来时 would do would be done 宾语从句中（主句为过去时） 4、主谓一致三原则 a. 语法一致：主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词加 -s/-es。易错：news、maths、physics 以s结尾却作单数；the number of + 复数名词 → 谓语用单数；a number of + 复数名词 → 谓语用复数。 b. 意义一致：集体名词 family、class、team 强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数；police、people、cattle 恒用复数。 c. 就近一致：either...or、neither...nor、not only...but also、or、there be 结构中，谓语与最近的主语保持一致。 模块二：高频考点精讲 一、一般现在时 核心用法：习惯性、经常性的动作；客观真理与普遍事实；在时间、条件状语从句中表将来（主将从现）。 高考最高频考点：三单形式 + 主将从现（if/unless/when/as soon as 从句用一般现在时表将来）。 例句：1. The earth moves around the sun, which is common knowledge. 翻译：地球绕着太阳转，这是常识。 2.If it rains tomorrow, the sports meeting will be put off. 翻译：如果明天下雨，运动会将被推迟。 必背易错点：主语为 everyone、each、nobody、everything 等不定代词时，谓语用单数。 二、一般过去时 核心用法：过去某时间发生或完成的动作，与现在无关。 高考最高频考点：不规则动词的过去式 + 明确的过去时间标志。 例句：1. The famous writer wrote this novel thirty years ago. 翻译：这位著名作家三十年前写了这部小说。 2.The old bridge was built in 1995 and it is still in use. 翻译：这座老桥建于1995年，现在仍在使用。 三、现在完成时 核心用法：过去发生、对现在有影响的动作；从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。 高考最高频考点：since + 过去时点 / for + 时间段 / so far / in the past few years；have been to（去过，已回）vs have gone to（去了，未回）。 例句：1. Great changes have taken place in my hometown since 2020. 翻译：自2020年以来，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。 2.So far, the project has attracted wide attention. 翻译：到目前为止，该项目已引起广泛关注。 必背易错点：take place、happen 无被动语态；瞬间动词（buy、join、die、come）不能与 for + 时间段连用。 四、过去完成时 核心用法：「过去的过去」——在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。 高考最高频考点：by the time + 一般过去时从句，主句用过去完成时。 例句：1. By the time he got to the station, the train had already left. 翻译：他到达车站时，火车已经开走了。 2.She had learned English for five years before she went abroad. 翻译：出国前她已学了五年英语。 五、一般将来时与「主将从现」 核心用法：将来发生的动作或状态：will do / be going to do / be to do。 高考最高频考点：if、unless、when、as soon as、before 引导的状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。 例句：1. The 2028 Olympic Games will be held in Los Angeles. 翻译：2028年奥运会将在洛杉矶举行。 2.I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 翻译：我一到北京就给你打电话。 六、被动语态各时态速查 核心结构：be 的各种形式 + 过去分词。高考高频：一般现在时被动（is/are done）、一般过去时被动（was/were done）、一般将来时被动（will be done）、现在完成时被动（have/has been done）、现在进行时被动（is/are being done）。 例句：1. English is spoken in many countries around the world. 翻译：世界上许多国家都讲英语。 2.The problem is being discussed at the meeting now. 翻译：这个问题正在会上讨论。 七、必背：高频不规则动词（过去式/过去分词） go—went—gone｜come—came—come｜see—saw—seen｜take—took—taken｜give—gave—given｜write—wrote—written｜speak—spoke—spoken｜break—broke—broken｜choose—chose—chosen｜drive—drove—driven｜eat—ate—eaten｜know—knew—known｜forget—forgot—forgotten｜wear—wore—worn｜teach—taught—taught｜buy—bought—bought｜bring—brought—brought｜think—thought—thought｜catch—caught—caught｜build—built—built｜feel—felt—felt｜find—found—found｜hold—held—held｜keep—kept—kept｜leave—left—left｜make—made—made｜put—put—put 模块三：专项练习 强化提升 1、 单句语法填空（用所给动词的正确形式填空，每题考查谓语动词：时态＋语态＋主谓一致） 1. When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I ________ (change) my mind since. 2. We ________ (leave) very early so we packed the night before. 3. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn't enter the house, for he ________ (leave) his key at school. 4. — Do you think Mum and Dad ________ (be) late? — No, Swiss Air is usually on time. 5. I’m calling about the apartment you ________ (advertise) the other day. Could you tell me more about it? 6. The girl has a great interest in sport and ________ (take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. 7. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ (bother) us. 8. By the time he graduates from the university next year, he ________ (learn) English for eight years. 9. — Do you know the timetable of the school bus? — Sure, the first trip ________ (start) at 6:30 a.m. and usually ________ (continue) until 4:00 p.m. on weekdays. 10. Scientists wanted to find out whether these new technologies ________ (work). 11. What do you think the children ________ (do) when we get home? 12. I was just going to move away the heavy case, but someone ________ (do) it. 13. Columbus proved that the earth ________ (be) round. 14. — When did Scott go to Holland? — He ________ (go) there last night. 15. Whatever great progress you ________ (make) so far, you should still remain modest. 16. — Tom, can you help me type up this report? — Sorry, I must go to meet a client in Shanghai. My plane ________ (take) off at 15:30. 17. Lucy ________ (consider) going back to school since she was out of work. 18. — Hello. I ________ (phone) to ask if I can book two tickets for tonight's film. — Sorry, we're sold out. 19. — Didn't you explain the truth to her? — I did, but God knows what she ________ (think) about. 20. — Is Martin still lost in playing computer games? — No. So far he ________ (go) without for four weeks. 21. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ________________ (belong) to the well-educated. 22. A lot of differences can ________________ (find) between the two languages. 23. If city noises ________________ (not keep) from increasing, people will have to shout to be heard even at the dinner table in 20 years. 24. A new cinema ________________ (build) here. They hope to finish it next month. 25. The design of the new bridge ________________ (finish) by the end of last month. 26. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it ________________ (decorate). 27. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ________________ (rebuild). 28. Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now ________________ (repay) later in life. 29. In the last few years thousands of films ________________ (produce) all over the world. 30. —Have you heard about that fire in the market? —Yes, fortunately no one ________________ (hurt). 31. The school board is made up of parents who ________________ (elect) to make decisions about school affairs. 32. If nothing ________________ (do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts. 33. —So what is the procedure? —All the applicants ________________ (interview) before a final decision is made by the authority. 34. We are confident that the environment ________________ (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution. 35. The famous musician, as well as his students, ________________ (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony last night. 36. All the Harry Potter books by Joanne Kathleen Rowling ________________ (sell) well all over the world. 37. —How do you like the material? —Lovely. It ________________ (feel) soft. 38. Hurry up, or the tickets ________________ (sell) out by the time we get there. 39. The most delicious cake in the world ________________ (make) by Mum. Please wait an hour to enjoy it. 40. —Have you finished your fashion design? —Not yet. I will finish it if I ________________ (give) ten more minutes. 41. The university estimates that living expenses for international students ______ (be) around $8,450 a year, which ______ (be) a burden for some of them. 42. Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ______ (be) essential to their development. 43. All the scientific evidence ______ (show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming ______ (be) damaging our health. 44. The basketball coach, as well as his team, ______ (interview) shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. 45. It is reported that many a new house ______ (build) at present in the disaster area. 46. Listening to loud music at rock concerts ______ (cause) hearing loss in some teenagers. 47. Either you or one of your students ______ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 48. Such poets as Shakespeare ______ (be) widely read, of whose works, however, some ______ (be) difficult to understand. 49. Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who ______ (wear) evening dress. 50. The tax situation for women ______ (be) very unfair in many countries. 51. Neither Tom nor Jack and I ______ (be) his students, but each of us ______ (have) gone to the hospital to see him. 52. —Every means ______ (have) been tried so far to deal with the oil spill.—But few ______ (take) effect. 53. About 80 percent of the students in our school ______ (have) been working on the programme and about two-thirds of the work ______ (have) been finished. 54. There ______ (be) a table, four chairs and three bikes in the courtyard, in the middle of which ______ (be) two tall trees with great shade. 55. Whether he will be able to pass the exam ______ (be) unknown. 56. Either you or he ______ (be) interested in playing chess. 57. Both of my sisters ______ (be) experts in agriculture. Helping the farmers improve their farming techniques ______ (be) their duty. 58. Many a professor ______ (be) looking forward to visiting Germany now. Most of them ______ (have) studied animals and plants in the last two years. 59. —Two months ______ (be) quite a long time. —Yes, I'm afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons. 60. A number of books ______ (have) been stolen from the library since the beginning of this term and the number ______ (be) as large as about 500. 【答案解析】 1-20 时态 1. have changed　解析：since = since then，与 met（过去时）呼应，从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时。 2. were leaving　解析：packed 是过去；"很早出发" 是打包时计划好的安排，过去进行时表过去安排好的将来。 3. had left　解析：called /couldn't enter 是过去；"落钥匙" 在打电话之前，即 "过去的过去"，过去完成时。 4. will be　解析：问爸妈（将来）会不会晚点，一般将来时。 5. advertised　解析：the other day 是一般过去时标志；定语从句 you advertised 修饰 apartment。 6. has taken　解析：over the last three years 是现在完成时标志；与 has a great interest 并列，she 三单。 7. bothers　解析：every night 表经常性动作，一般现在时；It 三单。 8. will have learned　解析：by the time + 一般现在时（graduates 表将来），主句 "到明年毕业将已学八年"，将来完成时。 9. starts; continues　解析：班车时刻表用一般现在时；the first trip 三单。 10. worked　解析：主句 wanted 过去时，宾语从句时态呼应；"新技术是否有效" 用一般过去时 worked。 11. will be doing　解析：when 从句一般现在时表将来（get home），主句问 "到家时将正在做什么"，将来进行时。 12. has done　解析："我正要搬，但（现在）已经有人搬了"，动作已完成且对现在有影响，现在完成时。 13. is　解析：客观真理（地球是圆的），不受主句 proved 过去时限制，永远一般现在时。 14. went　解析：last night 一般过去时标志。 15. have made　解析：so far 现在完成时标志。 16. takes　解析：航班时刻表按点起飞，一般现在时；My plane 三单。 17. has been considering　解析：since + 过去时从句（was out of work），动作持续至今仍在进行，现在完成进行时。 18. am phoning　解析：电话中说明来意 "我此刻正在打电话"，现在进行时。 19. is thinking　解析：God knows 现在时，指 "她此刻在想什么"，现在进行时。 20. has gone　解析：so far 现在完成时标志；go without 固定搭配 "没有…… 也应付过来"。 21-40 语态 1. belongs　解析：宾语从句内容是客观事实 / 普遍真理（未来属于受过良好教育者），用一般现在时；the future 三单；belong to 无被动。 2. be found　解析：情态动词 can 后接动词原形；differences 与 find 为被动关系（被发现）→ can be found。 3. are not kept　解析：主将从现 ——if 从句用一般现在时表将来；noises 与 keep 被动，主语复数 → are not kept。 4. is being built　解析："正在建，下月完工"→ 动作正在进行；cinema 与 build 被动 → 现在进行时被动 is being built。 5. had been finished　解析：by the end of last month 表 "到上月末为止"，动作发生在过去某时之前（过去的过去），过去完成时；design 被动 → had been finished。 6. was being decorated　解析：主句 went /told 是过去；"被告知阅览室（当时）正在装修"→ 过去进行时被动。 7. is being rebuilt　解析：眼下正与父母同住，因为自家房子正在重建 → 现在进行时被动。 8. will be repaid　解析：later in life 表将来；work 与 repay 被动 → 一般将来时被动。 9. have been produced　解析：in the last few years 现在完成时标志；films 与 produce 被动，复数 → have been produced。 10. was hurt　解析：火灾是过去发生的事；no one 与 hurt 被动（受伤）→ 一般过去时被动 was hurt。 11. are elected　解析：parents 与 elect 被动（被选举）；一般现在时表事实，复数 → are elected。 12. is done　解析：主将从现；nothing 与 do 被动，视为单数 → is done。 13. are interviewed　解析：程序性事实用一般现在时被动；applicants 复数 → are interviewed。 14. will be improved　解析：宾语从句表将来的结果，"环境将因我们的努力得到改善"→ 一般将来时被动。 15. was invited　解析：last night 过去时；主语 musician 单数（as well as 不影响主谓一致）；invite 被动 → was invited。 16. sell　解析：sell well 用主动形式表被动意义（物卖得好）；一般现在时表事实，books 复数 → sell。 17. feels　解析：feel 为系动词，主动表被动（摸起来软）；It 三单 → feels。 18. will have been sold　解析：by the time we get there 表 "到那时为止"，将来完成时；tickets 与 sell out 被动 → will have been sold。 19. is being made　解析："妈妈正在做蛋糕，请等一小时"→ 现在进行时被动。 20. am given　解析：主将从现；I 与 give 被动（被给十分钟）→ am given。 41-60 主谓一致 1. are; is　解析：living expenses 复数 → are；which 指代前面整件事（每年 8450 美元）→ is。 2. is　解析：主语是 inner motivation（单数），with high expectations... 是伴随状语，不影响主语。 3. shows; is　解析：evidence 不可数 → shows；increasing use 单数 → is。 4. was interviewed　解析：主语 coach 单数，as well as 不影响；比赛后被采访，一般过去时被动。 5. is being built　解析：many a + 单数名词 → 单数；at present 现在进行；房子被建，现在进行时被动。 6. causes　解析：动名词短语作主语，单数；一般事实用一般现在时。 7. is　解析：either...or 就近一致 → 离 one of your students（单数）最近。 8. are; are　解析：Such poets as Shakespeare 主语是 poets（复数）→ are；some of whose works → are。 9. wears　解析：the only one of the women who... 先行词是 the only one（单数），不是 women。 10. is　解析：situation 单数 → is。 11. are; has　解析：neither...nor 就近一致 → 离 Jack and I（复数）最近 → are；each of us 单数 → has。 12. has; take　解析：every means（单复同形，every 修饰单数）→ has；few 复数 → take。 13. have; has　解析：80 percent of the students 复数 → have；two-thirds of the work 不可数 → has。 14. is; are　解析：there be 就近一致 → a table 单数 → is；in the middle of which 倒装句主语是 two tall trees 复数 → are。 15. is　解析：主语从句作主语，视为单数。 16. is　解析：either...or 就近一致 → he。 17. are; is　解析：both of my sisters 复数 → are；动名词短语作主语 → is。 18. is; have　解析：many a + 单数名词 → is；most of them → have。 19. is　解析：表时间的复数名词作整体看待，谓语用单数。 20. have; is　解析：a number of + 复数 → have；the number of + 复数 → is。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $