高考英语非谓语动词 导学案 -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了非谓语动词核心考点，涵盖不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词的形式、功能及用法，按句子成分和时态语态构建知识网络，通过解题流程图和任务驱动设计，引导学生自主分析逻辑关系与用法规律，形成层次分明的认知体系。 亮点在于自主诊断与能力进阶设计，如基础达标练、高考真题练及小试牛刀模块，学生可通过习题自测定位薄弱点，结合书面表达句式仿写提升语言能力，解题流程图培养思维品质。教师能依据学情数据精准指导，助力学生自主复习，实现因材施教。

高考英语非谓语动词学生版复习资料 一、考情概述 非谓语动词是高中英语核心语法、高考必考考点，包含动词不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词，可在句中充当除谓语外所有句子成分。高频考查：不定式功能、现在分词与过去分词区分、非谓语时态语态、省略结构。 二、非谓语动词形式总表 类别 形式 主动式 被动式 可作成分 动词不定式 一般式 to do to be done 主语、宾语、宾补、表语、定语、状语 进行式 to be doing 无 宾补、表语 完成式 to have done to have been done 主语、宾语、宾补、状语 动名词 一般式 doing being done 主语、宾语、表语、定语 完成式 having done having been done 主语、宾语 现在分词 一般式 doing being done 宾补、表语、定语、状语 完成式 having done having been done 状语 过去分词 一般式 done（不及物动词表完成） done（及物动词表被动、完成） 宾补、表语、定语、状语 三、核心知识点精讲 （一）非谓语动词作主语 不定式作主语 表示单次、具体动作；常用 it 作形式主语。 例句：To light an incense stick can help calm the nerves and concentrate the mind. It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn’t been on the stage here. 复合结构区分 It is + 人物品质形容词 + of sb to do It is generous of him to contribute so much. It is + 动作属性形容词 + for sb to do It was important for us to live a low-carbon life. 动名词作主语 表泛指、抽象概念；固定句型 It is no use/no good/a waste of time doing sth 例句：Playing with fire is dangerous. It is no use complaining without taking action. （二）非谓语动词作表语 不定式作表语：表有待实现、特定动作 My dream is to enter Peking University. 动名词作表语：表抽象概念 Our job is playing all kinds of music. 分词作表语 现在分词：令人……（修饰事物）The tiger looks very frightening. 过去分词：感到……（修饰人）We were moved at the news. （三）非谓语动词作宾语 不定式作宾语 ① 只接 to do 动词速记：decide, determine, learn, want, hope, wish, refuse, manage, volunteer, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask, beg, help 例句：We agreed to meet at the school gate. ② 疑问词 + to do 作宾语：Please tell me when to start the project. ③ it 作形式宾语：We think it our duty to protect the environment. 动名词作宾语 ① 只接 doing 动词速记：consider, suggest, look forward to, excuse, admit, delay, fancy, avoid, miss, keep on, practise, deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate, forbid, imagine, risk, can’t help, mind 例句：He tried to avoid answering my questions. ② 介词后一律用 doing；but 除外，but 后用 to do After eating in her restaurant people would become tired very quickly. They had no choice but to wait here. ③ “动词 + 介词” 短语后用 doing：be used to, feel like, insist on, get down to, devote…to, object to, stick to 例句：He got down to writing his graduation thesis. 既可接 to do 也可接 doing，含义不同 mean to do 打算做；mean doing 意味着 I meant to give you this book today. Missing this train means waiting for another hour. need/want/require 被动表达 sth needs repairing = sth needs to be repaired （四）非谓语动词作定语 不定式作定语 ① 表将来动作；被动 to be done 表将来被动 The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important. ② 不及物动词不定式后置需补介词：a pen to write with ③ 序数词、最高级、the only/the last 后用不定式：the first to arrive ④ 抽象名词后用不定式：ability/chance/hope/way to do 分词作定语 ① 及物动词 doing：主动、进行；being done：被动、正在进行；done：被动、完成 people enjoying themselves；the things being discussed；the players selected ② 不及物动词 doing：动作正在进行 falling leaves；done：动作完成 fallen leaves 动名词作定语：表用途 a walking stick；a reading room；a sleeping car （五）非谓语动词作状语 不定式作状语 ① 目的状语：To pass the college entrance exam，we must work hard. ② 结果状语（意外结果 only to do）：Tom hurried back only to find his mother had left. ③ 原因状语（形容词后）：We were astonished to find the temple still original. 特殊：easy/difficult/hard 等形容词后，主动表被动 The book is difficult to understand. 分词作状语 判断逻辑主语关系：主动用 doing，被动用 done ① 时间状语：Translated into English，the sentence changed word order. ② 原因状语：Not understanding this problem，he asked the teacher. ③ 条件状语：Given another hour，I can work out the problem. ④ 自然而然结果：Highways have been built，making travel easier. ⑤ 伴随状语：Harry phoned me，asking me to his flat. ⑥ 让步状语：Warned of danger，he skated on thin ice. 形容词化过去分词固定搭配：absorbed in，dressed in，lost in Absorbed in his book，he didn’t notice me. 独立分词短语（不受主语限制） generally speaking, judging from, considering, to tell you the truth, compared with Judging from his accent，he is from Hong Kong. 独立主格结构 结构：逻辑主语 + 分词 / 不定式 / 形容词 / 介词短语，作状语 Weather permitting，they will go outing tomorrow. Much work to do tonight，we can’t watch the film. （六）非谓语动词作宾语补足语 只接 to do 作宾补动词 advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, permit, forbid, force, invite, order, persuade, require, remind, tell, warn, wish 例句：The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat. 被动转换句型：sb be said/believed/reported/considered to do/to have done He is said to have been cheated. 感官 / 使役动词宾补 感官动词 see/watch/hear/feel 等： see sb do（全过程）；see sb doing（正在做）；see sb done（被动） 被动语态必须补 to：He was seen to enter the bank. 使役动词 make/let/have/get make sb do；make sth done；let sb do；have sb doing；have sth done He had his car repaired yesterday. leave/keep/find/catch 复合宾语 catch sb doing 撞见某人正在做；keep sth doing 持续进行；find sth done 发现某物被…… I caught him smoking in the bathroom. with 复合结构 with + 宾语 + doing（主动进行）/done（被动完成）/to do（将来） With a lot of homework to do，I can’t go skating. 四、非谓语解题流程图 辨谓语与非谓语 ① 句中无其他谓语动词，空格填谓语，考虑时态、语态、主谓一致； ② 已有谓语，无并列 / 从属连词，空格填非谓语。 定形式 逻辑主谓关系→doing；逻辑动宾关系→done 定时态 将来动作→to do/to be done；正在进行→doing/being done；已完成→done/having done/having been done 五、配套习题 A.基础达标练 1．Most students object to ____________(charge) for parking on campus. 2．The new technology，if __________(apply) to rice growing，will help increase the grain output. 3．For those people ________(desire) some perfect shots and those who don’t want to wait too long，getting up earlier can be very rewarding. 4．If they win the final tonight，the team are going to tour around the city __________(cheer) by their enthusiastic supporters. 5．(suffer) from heart trouble for years，Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. 6．It is said to be a place that makes you forget your age and fatigue and feel so __________(absorb) that you won’t leave once you’re there. 7．The powerful and natural springs (associate) with Yellowstone’s identity and picture landscape brought Yellowstone its fame. 8．After taking the lesson，I now understand the difficulty of calligraphy and that it will take efforts and commitment (master) this art form. 9．In recent years，biang biang noodles and its associated custom have become more widely known across China，(drive) in part by social media interest in the made-up “biang” character. 10．Getting up early in the morning，(put) on warm clothes and waiting in a long line outside a store to buy newly-made yuanxiao is a ceremony for me and ensures I will have another sweet year. B.高考真题练 1．“There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins，__________(borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.Behind the simple style，however，is a serious message __________(intend) for everyone. 2．From Buddhist temples to museums，narrow hutong to royal palaces，it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout，with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads. 3．(visit) several times over the last 10 years，I am amazed by the co-existence of old and new，and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing.As a photographer，I have spent the last two years ________(record) everything I discovered. 4．That approach brought Cobb’s air travel last year down by 75%，and she plans ____________ (continue) the practice. 5．A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked 40 days to Xi’an，as a first step (journey) the Belt and Road route by foot. 6．Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation (hold) in Beijing，Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute to the ancient Silk Road. 7．He flew 4,700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept.20， (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 8．(strengthen) the connection with young people，the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media，____(invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 9．________(cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park，the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 10．Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside.He pushed a chair onto the balcony，and climbed up ____________(see) them. 六、书面表达句式仿写 1.作主语 / 介宾用 doing 运用：说服他接受我的观点是不可能的，所以我不想浪费时间来讨论。 2.doing 作状语（主动） 运用：听到这个意外的消息，她惊讶得目瞪口呆。 3.done 作状语（被动 / 状态） 运用：虽然筋疲力尽，但是大卫到达了终点线，所有的学生都为他欢呼。 4.不定式表目的前置 运用：为了更高效地学习英语，你最好选择听说课程。 5.having done 完成主动状语 运用：卖完爆米花之后，他们决定收工回家。 七、小试牛刀 小试牛刀 1 1．Activities there range from whale watching to hiking and accommodations aim __________(have) a low impact on the natural environment. 2．The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see __________(carry) out the next year. 3．Not ______________(complete) the programme，they have to stay there for another two weeks. 4．The bank is reported in the local newspaper __________________(rob) in broad daylight yesterday. 5．This problem is far from ________________(settle)，so it has to be discussed again at tomorrow’s meeting. 小试牛刀 2 1．It is possible ____________(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 2．It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ____________ (educate) about the areas. 3．It is widely believed that ____________(form) a good habit will benefit us all our lives. 4．When Peter speaks in public，he always has trouble ____________(think) of the right things to say. 5．We paced around to avoid ____________(get) frostbite as the temperature stayed close to －30 ℃ and our drill batteries became too cold to work. 6．The experts all agree that the present economic situation is ________________(encourage)． 小试牛刀 3 1．The matter __________________(discuss) now is so important that it will attract everyone’s attention. 2．Having a large family (support)，he took up two part-time jobs in his spare time. 3．Earth Day，(mark) on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 4．Actually，it is quite normal for an average person ____________(live) in a city to see thousands of ads every single day. 小试牛刀 4 1．Later，they learned to work with the seasons，planting at the right time and，in dry areas，____________(make) use of annual floods to irrigate their fields. 2．For thousands of years，people have told fables (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 3．Time ____________ (permit)，you can pay a visit to some places of interest in Hangzhou. 4．(complete) in 1931，the Empire State Building，the highest skyscraper until 1954，inspired the imagination of the world. 5．I love to go sightseeing worldwide，always ____________(absorb) in the culture of every country I visit. 小试牛刀 5 1．A cook will be immediately fired if he is found (smoke) in the kitchen. 2．The shop owner will get all these goods ordered(deliver) to the customers today. 3．They are required ____________(process) the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. 五、配套实体参考答案 A.基础达标练 1.being charged 2.applied 3.desiring 4.to be cheered 5.Having suffered 6.absorbed 7.associated 8.to master 9.driven 10.putting B.高考真题练 1.borrowing; intended 2.built 3.Having visited; recording 4.to continue 5.to journey 6.held 7.planning 8.To strengthen; inviting 9.Covering 10.to see 六、书面表达仿写参考句 1.Persuading him to accept my opinion is impossible, so I don’t want to waste time discussing it. 2.Hearing the unexpected news, she was too shocked to say a word. 3.Exhausted, David reached the finishing line and all the students cheered for him. 4.To learn English more efficiently, you’d better choose listening and speaking courses. 5.Having sold out all the popcorn, they decided to pack up and go home. 七、小试牛刀答案 小试牛刀 1 1.to have 2.carried 3.having completed 4.to have been robbed 5.being settled 小试牛刀 2 1.to walk 2.educated 3.forming 4.thinking 5.getting 6.encouraging 小试牛刀 3 1.being discussed 2.to support 3.marked 4.living 小试牛刀 4 1.making 2.to teach 3.permitting 4.Completed 5.absorbed 小试牛刀 5 1.smoking 2.delivered 3.to process 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $