Unit 1 Food for thought（重难词汇精练）英语外研版必修第二册

Unit 1 Food for thought重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 3 三、核心短语 3 四、单词拼写 4 五、完成句子 6 六、单句语法填空 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、阅读理解 12 三、完形填空 13 一、重点单词 1.____________ n. 枫树，槭树 2.____________ n. 布丁 3.____________ 血肠，黑香肠 4.____________ n.（正餐以外的）小吃，点心 5.____________ n. 烹饪（法） 6.____________ adj.（食物）加有香料的，辛辣的 7.____________ 火锅 8.____________ n. 肉贩 9.____________ n.（通常切成薄片的）咸猪肉，熏猪肉 10.____________ n. 香肠 11.____________ n. 烤面包（片），吐司 12.____________ n. 黄油，牛油 13.____________ n. 大块烤肉 adj. 烤好的，烤制的 14.____________ adj. 难闻的，有臭味的 15.____________ n. 豆腐 16.____________ n. 干酪，奶酪 17.____________ adv. 将来会有一天，有朝一日 18.____________ n. 乌龙茶 19.____________ n. 瓷，瓷器 20.____________ n. 盘，碟 21.____________ n.（barbecue 的缩写）烧烤野餐 22.____________ adj. 嫩的，软的，（尤指烹饪恰到好处） 23.____________ n. 牛排 24.____________ n. 调味汁，酱汁 25.____________ n. 比萨饼餐厅 26.____________ adj.（全是）蔬菜的，没有肉类的 27.____________ n. 面包店，糕饼店 28.____________ n. 干酪蛋糕 29.____________ adj. 似奶油的，软厚平滑的，光滑细软的 30.____________ n. 酸 31.____________ n. 酸乳，酸奶 32.____________ n. 蜂蜜 33.____________ adj. 自制的，家里做的 34.____________ adj. 酸（味）的 35.____________ n.（禽类的）胸脯肉 【答案】 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.maple 2.pudding 3.black pudding 4.snack 5.cuisine 6.spicy 7.hot pot 8.butcher 9.bacon 10.sausage 11.toast 12.butter 13.roast 14.smelly 15.tofu 16.cheese 17.some day 18.oolong 19.china 20.plate 21.BBQ 22.tender 23.steak 24.sauce 25.pizzeria 26.vegetarian 27.bakery 28.cheesecake 29.creamy 30.acid 31.yoghurt 32.honey 33.home‑made 34.sour 35.breast 二、词性转换 1.____________ n. 婚姻 → marry v. 结婚 2.typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的→____________ adv. 典型地；有代表性地 3.suffer v.（身体或精神上）受苦→____________ n. 苦难 4.horrible adj. 糟糕的→____________ adv. 可怕地；非常地→horror n. 畏惧；憎恶；震惊 5.poison n. 毒素，毒物，毒药→____________ adj. 有毒的 6.function n.（事物的）功能；作用→____________ adj. 实用的；功能的 7.____________ adj. 有关系的，相关的→relate v. 与…… 有联系，相关联→____________ n. 亲戚→relation n. 关系→relationship n. 关系 8.addict n. 对…… 着迷的人→____________ adj. 入迷的；上瘾的→____________ n. 上瘾，沉溺 9.differ v. 不同，不一样，有区别→____________ adj. 不同的→____________ n. 区别，差异 10.____________ adv. 略微，稍微→slight adj. 轻微的，少量的 11.____________ adv. 极端地，非常地；令人难以置信地→incredible adj. 难以置信的；极好的；极大的 【答案】 1.marriage 2.typically 3.suffering 4.horribly 5.poisonous 6.functional 7.relevant；relative 8.addicted；addiction 9.different；difference 10.slightly 11.incredibly 三、核心短语 1.__________________由于，幸亏 2.__________________对…… 感到震惊 3.__________________遭受，忍受 4.__________________根据 5.__________________处理；应付 6.__________________偶遇，遇到 7.__________________爱上，喜欢上 8.__________________感觉自在 9.__________________解决，算出；实现 10.__________________以防万一 11.__________________拿起；捡起；学会；买，购买 12.__________________属于 13.__________________最终处于，到头来 14.__________________打听，别后叙谈 15.__________________教育；养育；提出 16.__________________试用，试验 【答案】 1.thanks to 2.be shocked at 3.suffer from 4.according to 5.deal with 6.come across 7.fall in love with 8.feel at home 9.work out 10.in case 11.pick up 12.belong to 13.end up 14.catch up 15.bring up 16.try out 四、单词拼写 1．There are two parks less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where neighbourhood children ________ (聚集) to play. 【答案】gather 【解析】句意：离家步行不到十分钟的地方有两个公园，附近的孩子们聚集在那里玩耍。 根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“聚集”应用动词gather，此处时态与主句一致用一般现在时，定语从句主语neighbourhood children是复数，谓语用原形。 2．At the age of 18, instead of following the traditional path of _________ (结婚) like the majority of the girls, she chose to work and study. 【答案】marriage 【解析】句意：18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩那样走传统的结婚之路，而是选择工作和学习。根据汉语提示“结婚”以及空前的介词of可知，此处应填入名词marriage作介词宾语，不可数名词。 3．Scientists have i________ a link between diet and cancer. 【答案】identified/dentified 【解析】句意：科学家已经确认了饮食与癌症之间的联系。根据“a link between diet and cancer”的语义可推知，此处指科学家确认了联系，结合首字母提示，用动词identify作谓语，意为“查明，确认”，用过去分词形式identified与助动词“have”构成现在完成时态。 4．I always use sunflowers as s________ of strength to help me be stronger. 【答案】symbols/ymbols 【解析】句意：我总是用向日葵作为力量的象征来帮助我变得更强大。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填symbol意为“象征”，作介词as的宾语，由sunflowers为复数可知，symbol也应为复数形式。 5．The boy was b________ (咬) by a stray dog when he walked through Sanxia Square yesterday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 bitten/itten 【解析】句意：昨天这个男孩走过三峡广场时被一只流浪狗咬了。根据首字母和汉语提示“咬”可知，应填入动词bite；分析句子结构可知，主语The boy与动词bite之间是被动关系，且空前有be动词was，故此处应使用被动语态（was + 过去分词），bite的过去分词为bitten。 6．The refugees have ________ (遭受) terrible hardships during their long journey to safety. 【答案】suffered 【解析】句意：难民们在漫长的安全之旅中遭受了可怕的苦难。根据汉语提示“遭受”可知，用动词suffer；结合空前的助动词have可知，此处需用过去分词suffered，构成现在完成时。 7．The __________ (可怕的) film caused her to have nightmares (噩梦). 【答案】horrible 【解析】句意：那部恐怖电影使她做恶梦。结合所给汉语可知答案为horrible。 8．The twin brothers are alike in appearance but they ________ (不同) greatly in character. 【答案】differ 【解析】句意：这对双胞胎兄弟外貌相像，但性格大不相同。根据汉语提示“不同”及空格后的介词in可知，为动词differ，固定搭配differ in意为“在……方面不同”，契合语境，句子前半部分用一般现在时描述双胞胎外貌相似的客观事实，空格处与之并列，也需要用一般现在时，主语是they，谓语动词用原形即可。 9．He was late again. It is __________(典型) of him to keep everybody waiting. 【答案】typical 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他又迟到了，让大家都等着是他的特点。be typical of表示“是……的特点”，故填typical。 10．Her son __________(上瘾) himself to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health. 【答案】addicted 【解析】考查时态。句意：她儿子吸烟成瘾，这对他的健康有害。addict oneself to表示“沉溺于”，had表明应该用一般过去时，故填addicted。 11．What will happen if you upload or d______  some wrong information on your website? 【答案】download 【解析】考查动词。句意：如果在你的网址上上传或者下载了错误的信息，会发生什么样的事情呢？if 引导的条件状语从句，主句将来时，从句一般现在时。故填download。 12．There are different ________ (种类) of English in the world. 【答案】varieties/kinds/sorts 【解析】句意：世界上有不同种类的英语。“种类”对应的英文是variety/kind/sort，在句中作主语，different后应接可数名词复数形式，故填varieties/kinds/sorts。 13．The teacher did not explain this word's grammatical_______(功能). 【答案】function 【解析】句意：老师没有解释这个词的语法功能。该空作句子宾语，用名词，所以填function。 14．He is ______ (稍微) thinner than last month, but his mental state seems better. 【答案】slightly 【解析】句意：他比上个月瘦了一点，但精神状态看上去更好。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为副词slightly“稍微”作状语修饰形容词thinner，符合语境。 15．The sea is increasingly used as a rubbish bin, filled with ________ (有毒物质), plastics and other pollutants. 【答案】poisons 【解析】句意：海洋正越来越多地被用作垃圾箱，里面充满了有毒物质、塑料和其他污染物。根据汉语提示“有毒物质”可知此处应使用名词poison；该词在句中作介词with的宾语，且结合其后并列的复数名词plastics和pollutants可知，此处也应使用名词的复数形式。 五、完成句子 16．他在旅行时无意中发现了一种奇怪的食物。 He _________________ a strange kind of food while travelling. 【答案】came across 【解析】“无意中发现”应用固定短语come across；结合语境可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，come的过去式为came。 17．第一次来中国，她就感到很自在。 She _________________ when she came to China for the first time. 【答案】felt at home 【解析】“感到很自在”应用固定短语feel at home；结合came可知，句子应用一般过去时，feel的过去式为felt。 18．恐怕你不敢做这样的事。 I’m afraid you ____________________ do such a thing. 【答案】dare not 【解析】“敢于”用情态动词dare表示，否定形式为dare not，后面直接接动词原形do。 19．我第一次吃四川火锅就爱上了它。 I _________________ hot pot the first time I tried it. 【答案】fell in love with 【解析】表示“爱上”短语为fall in love with，发生在过去用一般过去时。 20．我们都对这个坏消息感到震惊。 All of us ________ the bad news. 【答案】were shocked at/by 【解析】表示“对……感到震惊”可用短语be shocked at或be shocked by，描述过去的状态，应用一般过去时，主语是All，be动词应用were。 21．这个地区的人们正遭受干旱之苦。 People in this area are _________________ the drought. 【答案】suffering from 【解析】表示“遭受”用短语suffer from；表示目前持续进行的动作，用现在分词suffering与空前的are构成现在进行时。 22．多亏了现代科技，农民们能种植更多的粮食。 _________________ modern technology, farmers can grow more food. 【答案】Thanks to 【解析】表示“多亏了”用thanks to，后接名词作原因状语，句首单词首字母需要大写。 23．她善于应付各种各样的客人。 She is good at ________________ all kinds of guests. 【答案】dealing with 【解析】表示“应付，处理”用deal with；介词at后接动名词形式dealing with，作宾语。 24．他想参加校篮球队的选拔。 He wants to ________________ the school basketball team. 【答案】try out for 【解析】表示“参加……选拔”用固定短语try out for；want to do sth.为固定搭配，不定式作宾语，to后接动词原形。 25．她在法国生活时很快就学会了法语。 She soon _________________ French when she went to live in France. 【答案】picked up 【解析】句意：她在法国生活时很快就学会了法语。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填“学会了”，应用动词短语pick up，意为“（无意中）学会，掌握”；句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，pick的过去式为picked。 26．这个问题很难处理。 The problem is difficult ________________. 【答案】to deal with 【解析】表示“处理”用固定短语deal with；该句为固定句型：主语+be+形容词+to do，用不定式主动形式表被动含义，所以填不定式to deal with。 27．派对以一首英文歌结束。 The party ________________ an English song. 【答案】ended up with 【解析】“以……结束”用动词短语end up with，句子陈述已经发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语end用过去式ended。 六、单句语法填空 28．Her (marry) to a Chinese cook brought her into a new food world. 【答案】marriage 【解析】句意：她与一位中国厨师的婚姻把她带进了一个新的美食世界。形容词性物主代词her后接名词marriage，意为“婚姻”，作主语。 29．All the family members (gather) around the table to enjoy the dinner last night. 【答案】gathered 【解析】句意：昨晚所有的家庭成员都围坐在餐桌旁享用晚餐。根据时间状语last night可知，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式gathered。 30．I didn’t know whether he (dare) say that to her. 【答案】dared 【解析】句意：我不知道他是否敢对她说那件事。主句时态为一般过去时，宾语从句时态需与之保持一致。dare此处用作情态动词，过去式为dared，后接动词原形say。 31．After a week in the new class, the new student finally (feel) at home. 【答案】felt 【解析】句意：在新班级待了一周后，这位新生终于感到宾至如归了。结合语境可知，动作发生在过去用一般过去时。 32．We must sort the good eggs from the bad ones. 【答案】out 【解析】句意：我们必须把好的鸡蛋同坏的分开。此处考查sort out...from...，为固定短语，意为“把……从……中挑选出来”。 33．Don’t forget to try this recipe at home. 【答案】out 【解析】句意：别忘了在家试着做这个食谱。此处考查固定短语try out“尝试”。 34．He has been (suffer) from a bad cold for a week. 【答案】suffering 【解析】句意：他患重感冒已经一周了。主语He和谓语suffer from之间是主动关系，结合空前的has been可知，这是现在完成进行时，要用has been+V-ing形式，强调动作从过去开始，持续到现在，还可能继续下去；此时要将suffer变成现在分词suffering。 35．I was shocked (hear) that he had failed the driving test. 【答案】to hear 【解析】句意：听到他驾照考试不及格，我很震惊。本句考查固定结构be shocked to do sth.，表示“做某事感到震惊”，此处用不定式作原因状语，所给词hear的不定式为to hear。 36．The little girl dare not (go) out alone at night. 【答案】go 【解析】句意：这个小女孩晚上不敢一个人出去。dare作情态动词时，后接动词原形，意为“敢做某事”。 37．We were all (shock) at the surprising news. 【答案】shocked 【解析】句意：我们都对这个令人惊讶的消息感到震惊。分析句子结构，were为系动词，其后需接形容词作表语；shock的形容词形式有shocked（感到震惊的）和shocking（令人震惊的），此处主语We表示人，表达人的感受，应用shocked，be shocked at意为“对……感到震惊”。 38．Some snakes kill their enemies with (poisonous). 【答案】poison 【解析】句意：有些蛇用毒液杀死敌人。介词with后应接名词作宾语，poisonous的名词形式为poison，意为“毒素，毒物，毒药”，此处为不可数名词。 39．I don’t know how (deal) with the leftovers in the fridge. 【答案】to deal 【解析】句意：我不知道如何处理冰箱里的剩饭剩菜。此处为“特殊疑问词+to do”作宾语。 40．The dish smells (horrible), but in fact it tastes quite good. 【答案】horrible 【解析】句意：这道菜闻起来很糟，但实际上味道很好。smell为系动词，后接形容词horrible作表语，意为“糟糕的”。 41．Many people cannot stand the smell of (stink) tofu, but some love it. 【答案】stinky 【解析】句意：许多人受不了臭豆腐的气味，但有些人很喜欢。修饰名词tofu应用形容词stinky，意为“难闻的，有臭味的”，作定语。 42．Their (wed) was held in a small church last Sunday. 【答案】wedding 【解析】句意：他们的婚礼上周日在一座小教堂举行。形容词性物主代词their后接名词wedding，意为“婚礼”，作句子主语。 一、语法填空 （一） （25-26高一上·山东青岛·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lu (卤) frequently finds its way in Chinese dishes. It 1 (original) meant salted water used for meat that's boiled, and then served cold, and for vegetables. “Salt is the core of Lu, even 2 (important) than spices. Spices can add a pleasant smell or remove some smells, 3 it is the salt that is crucial to the flavor,” says Cao Yu, a food writer at Jinan University. The earliest 4 (preserve) recipes for making Lu date back to Qimin Yaoshu, an ancient Chinese agricultural text written in the 5th century. Cao believes the Lu we know today emerged around the Ming dynasty, 5 private agricultural businesses and food markets sprang up in China. 6 (attract) customers, these businesses began introducing new flavors to Lu by adding spices. And they then used it to season cooked meats and vegetables that 7 (sell) cold for takeaway. In the centuries since, Lu has been diversified, taking on the characteristics of each of China's regional cuisines. For example, in Sichuan province, fragrant peppercorn is put into Lu to add flavor and 8 (intense). Some Lu is even alcoholic: Zao Lu is 9 light one made from the fermented (发酵的) rice 10 (remain) from making Chinese yellow wine. Zao Lu is used across south-eastern China to season vegetables. 【答案】 1．originally 2．more important 3．but 4．preserved 5．when 6．To attract 7．were sold 8．intensity 9．a 10．remains 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了中餐里卤汁的起源、核心调味要素、发展演变历程，不同地域卤汁的特色以及酒糟卤的制作原料与用途。 【解析】1．考查副词。句意：它最初指用来煮肉和蔬菜的盐水，食材煮熟后冷藏食用。空格修饰动词meant，形容词original要变为副词originally作状语。 2．考查形容词比较级。句意：盐是卤味的核心，甚至比香料更重要。句中出现比较标志词than，多音节形容词important前加more构成比较级more important。 3．考查连词。句意：香料可以增香或去除异味，但盐才是决定味道的关键。前后两个分句存在转折逻辑，用并列连词but表转折关系。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：现存最早的卤汁制作保存配方出自5世纪中国古代农书《齐民要术》。空格修饰名词recipes，preserve与recipes是被动关系，用过去分词preserved作定语，表示“被留存下来的”。 5．考查定语从句。句意：曹宇认为我们如今熟知的卤味成型于明代，当时民间农商与食品市场在中国大量兴起。先行词 the Ming dynasty是表示时间的名词，从句不缺主干成分，用关系副词when引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作时间状语。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：为吸引顾客，这些商铺开始添加香料，给卤汁赋予全新风味。空格置于句首表动作目的，用不定式To attract作目的状语。 7．考查时态语态。句意：随后他们用卤汁腌制熟食肉类和蔬菜，做成冷食外卖售卖。主句时态为一般过去时；先行词 meats and vegetables与sell是被动关系，主语为复数，用一般过去时被动语态were sold。 8．考查名词。句意：例如在四川，人们往卤水里加入花椒增香提味。and连接并列名词，与名词flavor并列，形容词intense 需转换为名词intensity，意为“浓郁度”。 9．考查冠词。句意：还有部分卤汁带有酒味，糟卤就是一种清淡卤汁，由酿造黄酒剩下的发酵米残渣制成。one指代单数可数名词Zao Lu，light为辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a表泛指“一种”。 10．考查名词复数。句意同上。remain作名词表示“残留物、残渣”时常用复数形式remains作宾语。 （二） （25-26高一下·辽宁大连·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Something extraordinary is happening inside steamer baskets in Jiaodong, Shandong province. A lump of dough (一团面) goes in. 11 comes out is a shiny red fish, an auspicious lion or a peach the size of a child’s face. These are Jiaodong huabobo, or flower-shaped steamed buns, quietly 12 (serve) up a taste of Shandong life for centuries. Every step of making huabobo requires great care and patience. The main method is hand sculpting, using simple tools 13 scissors, chopsticks and spoons. Patterns on huabobo follow customs 14 (pass) down through generations. The most important part is the steaming process, which locks in the flavor 15 ensures the buns stay soft and fluffy. Though the traditions are long-standing, the old craft undergoes 16 (continue) development to fit in with modern life. Traditionally, huabobo are the storyteller for Shandong’s rituals and many family occasions. When a baby is one month old, tiger-shaped buns 17 (give) to the child as a good blessing for healthy growth. For the elderly celebrating their birthdays, peach-shaped buns are 18 must as a symbol of longevity and good health. In recent years, the buns 19 (gain) popularity on social media, attracting customers at home and abroad. The charm of huabobo lies in the perfect mix of tradition, creativity and the warmth of family love. It is this 20 (combine) that keeps the culture of Jiaodong alive in every delicious bite. 【答案】 11．What 12．serving 13．like 14．passed 15．and 16．continuous 17．are given 18．a 19．have gained 20．combination 【导语】主要介绍山东胶东花饽饽的制作工艺、民俗寓意、现代发展以及文化传承价值。 【解析】11．考查主语从句。句意：一团面团放进去，出来的是色泽鲜亮的红鱼、寓意吉祥的狮子或是孩童脸蛋大小的寿桃。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语且指代事物，意为“……的东西”，所以用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些就是胶东花饽饽，数百年来默默呈现着山东的生活味道。此处为非谓语动词作状语，serve与逻辑主语Jiaodong huabobo之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词serving作状语。 13．考查介词。句意：主要的制作方式是手工塑形，使用剪刀、筷子和勺子等简单工具。此处用于列举事物，意为“像、例如”，所以此处为介词like。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：花饽饽上的图案遵循代代相传的民俗。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，pass与逻辑主语customs之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词passed。 15．考查连词。句意：最重要的步骤是蒸制工序，这一步锁住风味并保证饽饽松软蓬松。此处连接两个并列的谓语动词locks和ensures，表并列顺承关系，所以用并列连词and。 16．考查形容词。句意：虽然这项传统历史悠久，但这门古老工艺在不断发展，以适配现代生活。此处修饰名词development，需要形容词作定语，continue对应的形容词continuous意为“连续不断的”。 17．考查动词语态。句意：婴儿满月时，人们会送上老虎造型的饽饽，祝福孩子健康成长。此处为谓语动词，主语tiger-shaped buns与give之间为被动关系，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，所以谓语动词为are given。 18．考查冠词。句意：为老人祝寿时，桃子造型的饽饽是必备之物，象征着长寿安康。must为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，此处表示“一件必备的事物”，为泛指，且must是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 19．考查动词时态。句意：近年来，这些饽饽在社交媒体上走红，吸引了国内外的消费者。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语In recent years可知，此处强调从过去到现在的情况，要用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语the buns是复数，所以谓语动词为have gained。 20．考查名词。句意：正是这种结合，让胶东的文化在每一口美味中延续生机。本句是强调句，被强调部分是句子主语，this后需要用名词，combine的名词形式是combination，意为“结合，联合”。 二、阅读理解 （25-26高一下·陕西汉中·开学考试）The town of Salem, in New Jersey, is tied to a rather famous story where tomatoes were once seen as “poison apples”. While the story may not be totally true, it shows how tomatoes became a beloved food. The Aztecs are known for growing, consuming (消耗), and naming the tomato, and the fruit was later brought to Europe by Spanish and Portuguese settlers in the 16th century. Tomatoes spread slowly in Europe because many Europeans avoided the color red, which was regarded as wrong, bad and supernatural. By the 18th century, the tomato was called the “poison apple” because rich people in Europe and America would fall ill or die after eating it. But it wasn’t the consumption of the tomato that led to their illness or death. Instead, it was the plates the rich used to dine on, which contained a high level of lead (铅). When the acid (酸) in tomatoes reacted with the lead, it caused poisoning. This made people think tomatoes were poisonous. In the late 18th century, people in America were growing tomatoes out of curiosity, not eating them. But how did the “poison apple” lose its bad image and become a beloved piece of produce? Legend has it that one man helped change public opinion — Robert Gibbon Johnson of Salem, New Jersey, who stood on Salem’s courthouse steps in 1820, eating a basket of tomatoes for all the public to see. When he didn’t die of poison, word spread that tomatoes were safe to eat. However, no record of Johnson’s actions has ever been found. But people did find evidence that Johnson actually grew tomatoes. Immigration to America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries — particularly Italians, who brought the pizza with them — contributed to the eventual consumption of tomatoes. By the 1830s, tomato recipes became popular in America. The legend of Johnson grew, especially after a 1949 radio show acted out his brave act. For years, Salem even held a Tomato Festival celebrating the story. The tomato’s story — from “poison apples” to kitchen favorite — shows how legend and facts can shape what we eat. 21．Why were tomatoes avoided in Europe? A．The price was too high to grow. B．The color was viewed negatively. C．A story caused great fear of them. D．They were only for rich families. 22．What did Johnson do to change public views on tomatoes according to stories? A．He did scientific studies on tomatoes. B．He grew a new variety of tomatoes widely. C．He wrote many articles against wrong views. D．He ate tomatoes in public to show they were safe. 23．What truly contributed to tomatoes becoming popular in America? A．A big festival celebrated the fruit. B．Italians brought pizza recipes here. C．Johnson’s action removed everyone’s worries. D．A popular radio show spread the cooking recipes. 24．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Hero in Tomato History B．How Tomatoes became a Red Fruit C．A Journey From Poison to Favorite D．How a Story Changed Dinner Table 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．B 24．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了西红柿从被视作“毒苹果”，一步步转变为深受人们喜爱的食材的发展历程，讲述了相关传说与史实。 【解析】21．细节理解题。根据原文第二段“Tomatoes spread slowly in Europe because many Europeans avoided the color red, which was regarded as wrong, bad and supernatural.(西红柿在欧洲传播缓慢，因为许多欧洲人避讳红色，红色被看作是不祥、糟糕且超自然的颜色。)”可知，西红柿在欧洲遭到人们回避，是因为红色在当时被负面看待。 22．细节理解题。根据原文第四段“Legend has it that one man helped change public opinion — Robert Gibbon Johnson of Salem, New Jersey, who stood on Salem’s courthouse steps in 1820, eating a basket of tomatoes for all the public to see.(传说有一个人帮助改变了大众的看法——新泽西州塞勒姆的罗伯特·吉本·约翰逊，1820年他站在塞勒姆法院的台阶上，当着所有公众的面吃掉一篮子西红柿。)”可知，根据传说，约翰逊当众吃西红柿来证明西红柿是安全的，以此改变大众对西红柿的看法。 23．细节理解题。根据原文第五段“Immigration to America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries — particularly Italians, who brought the pizza with them — contributed to the eventual consumption of tomatoes.(19世纪末20世纪初移民到美国的人群——尤其是带来披萨的意大利人，推动了西红柿最终被人们食用。)”可知，意大利人把披萨配方带到美国，真正推动了西红柿在美国流行起来。 24．主旨大意题。根据原文最后一段“The tomato’s story — from “poison apples” to kitchen favorite — shows how legend and facts can shape what we eat.(西红柿的故事——从“毒苹果”变成厨房宠儿，展现传说和史实如何影响我们的饮食。)”及全文内容可知，本文讲述西红柿从被当成毒物，转变为受人喜爱食材的历程。 三、完形填空 （一） （26-27高一上·黑龙江绥化·开学考试）When I first arrived in China, I knew little Chinese. And some of the Chinese words I 25 had something to do with food. I learned the names of a few dishes, but still didn’t know most of the things I saw on Chinese restaurant menus. Luckily, there were 26 to help me. Nearly every restaurant menu in China has pictures of food 27 it. But many restaurants I’ve been to in the US don’t. What is the 28 for the difference? One thing I’ve definitely (明确地) 29 about China is that food is a bigger part of their culture than it is in the US. A common way to 30 someone in China is to ask them if they’ve eaten yet. Food is just a bigger deal here — and having pictures of food in menus is part of that. Some menus are almost like works of art, with beautiful photos. Another thing is the 31 of the dishes. Chinese dishes sometimes have fanciful (别出心裁的)names like “palace guard chicken” or “three fresh things from the soil”. These are interesting names, but they don’t really tell you 32 the dishes are like. Therefore, it’s 33 to have pictures so you can actually see what you are going to eat. There are 34 even more reasons. All I know is that I was very thankful to have those picture menus when I first came to China years ago. 25．A．learned about B．came up C．kept away 26．A．videos B．covers C．pictures 27．A．at B．for C．in 28．A．result B．reason C．choice 29．A．noticed B．thought C．reflected 30．A．introduce B．remember C．greet 31．A．plates B．colors C．names 32．A．what B．how C．why 33．A．harmful B．helpful C．colorful 34．A．nearly B．simply C．probably 【答案】 25．A 26．C 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者初到中国时，靠带图片的菜单解决看不懂中文菜名的经历并分析其原因。 【解析】25．考查动词短语。句意：我学到的一些中文单词与食物有关。A. learned about了解、学到；B. came up走近；C. kept away远离。根据上文“I knew little Chinese.”和下文“I learned the names of a few dishes”可知，作者不大懂中文，所学到的一些中文单词都和食物有关。 26．考查名词。句意：幸运的是，有图片可以帮助我。A. videos视频；B. covers封面；C. pictures图片。根据下文“Nearly every restaurant menu in China has pictures of food _______ it.”及下文多次提到“pictures”可知，菜单上的图片给了作者很大帮助。 27．考查介词。句意：中国几乎每家餐馆的菜单上都有食物的图片。A. at在某地点；B. for为了；C. in在……里面。空后的“it”指代空处前的“restaurant menu”，表示菜单里面都有食物的图片。 28．考查名词。句意：这种不同的原因是什么？A. result结果；B. reason原因；C. choice选择。根据第三、四段内容和第五段“There are ______ even more reasons.”可知，下文都在分析中美餐馆菜单不同的原因。 29．考查动词。句意：关于中国，我明确注意到的一件事是，与美国相比，食物在他们的文化中所占的比例更大。A. noticed注意到；B. thought认为；C. reflected反映。根据第一段“When I first arrived in China”和上文内容可知，这里指作者通过来华后的生活经历，注意到了中国文化里饮食占比更高这一特点。 30．考查动词。句意：在中国，问候某人的常见方式是问他们吃过饭了吗。A. introduce介绍；B. remember记住；C. greet问候。根据常识可知，中国人见面互相问候的方式，通常是问吃过饭了吗。 31．考查名词。句意：另一个原因是菜肴的名字。A. plates盘子；B. colors颜色；C. names名字。根据下文“Chinese dishes sometimes have fanciful (别出心裁的) names like “palace guard chicken” or “three fresh things from the soil”.”可知，本段主要讲述了造成不同的另一个原因是中国菜的名字。 32．考查连词。句意：这些都是有趣的名字，但它们并不能真正告诉你这些菜是什么样的。A. what什么；B. how怎样；C. why为什么。空处引导宾语从句，作介词like的宾语，应用连接代词what。 33．考查形容词。句意：因此，提供图片很有帮助，这样您就可以实际看到要吃的东西。A. harmful有害的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. colorful彩色的。根据上文“Luckily, there were ______ to help me.”和本句中“so you can actually see what you are going to eat.”可知，图片是很有帮助的。 34．考查副词。句意：可能还有更多的原因。A. nearly几乎；B. simply仅仅；C. probably可能。根据空后“even more reasons”和文章内容可知，作者仅列举了自己感知到的两个原因，应该认同可能还会有其他更多原因，probably符合语境。 （二） （25-26高一上·云南玉溪·期末）For the people of Yunnan, wild mushrooms (野生菌) are more than food; they are a special adventure. Chef (主厨) Zhang Yunjia brings this 35 journey to Beijing at her restaurant, Under Clouds Green. During the short Beijing autumn, her carefully designed menu (菜单) 36 the wild mushrooms from her hometown with the local food, hoping to leave guests with a beautiful 37 of the season. “I try to find a good 38 between how the food looks and tastes,”Zhang says. “My wish is that with every bite, people can 39 feel the heart of Yunnan.” Zhang’s story is about following her 40 . Growing up in Kunming, she loved family meals. While studying in the US, she worked in a volunteer kitchen. This experience 41 her life. “Seeing people smile at my food gave me more happiness than my studies,”she recalls. She then decided to 42 her love for cooking into her job. To achieve this, she first went to learn French cooking in a 43 way. She kept learning to master its fine skills and beautiful style. She worked in different restaurants to get real experience and to 44 her skills step by step. Finally, her great hard work and strong love for food were the 45 to her success. This is how she changed from a home cook into a skilled and 46 chef. Last year, she joined a team to create a new all-vegetable Yunnan restaurant in Beijing. For her first menu there, Zhang spent a whole year 47 . She studies traditional cooking 48 and uses food sent directly from Yunnan. “Yunnan food has many possibilities. It needs to be 49 ,” she explains. Through her creative dishes, Zhang shares a story that connects tradition with creativity, inviting all to enjoy its unique flavors. 35．A．boring B．exciting C．tiring D．illegal 36．A．mixed B．exchanged C．advanced D．delivered 37．A．movement B．heart C．challenge D．memory 38．A．way B．balance C．spirit D．connection 39．A．hardly B．recently C．truly D．simply 40．A．menu B．schedule C．plan D．dream 41．A．changed B．revived C．organized D．volunteered 42．A．expressed B．described C．turned D．arranged 43．A．book-learned B．hands-on C．part-time D．old-fashioned 44．A．use B．show C．improve D．measure 45．A．keys B．goals C．wonders D．conditions 46．A．common B．outgoing C．strict D．creative 47．A．experiencing B．preparing C．supplying D．promoting 48．A．tools B．stories C．methods D．brochures 49．A．commented B．demanded C．remembered D．explored 【答案】 35．B 36．A 37．D 38．B 39．C 40．D 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．D 47．B 48．C 49．D 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了主厨张纭嘉将云南野生菌的独特魅力带到北京，融合家乡食材与本地风味打造特色菜单，她追随烹饪梦想，历经专业学习和实践打磨成为优秀创意主厨，还打造云南全素餐厅，深挖云南美食可能性，将传统与创意结合的故事。 【解析】35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：主厨张纭嘉将这段令人兴奋的旅程带到了她在北京的餐厅Under Clouds Green。A. boring无聊的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. tiring令人疲惫的；D. illegal非法的。根据前文“wild mushrooms are more than food; they are a special adventure”可知，对于云南人来说野生菌是一场特别的冒险，冒险是充满趣味、令人兴奋的，“exciting”能贴合前文“adventure”所传递的积极且有乐趣的语境，故选B。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在北京短暂的秋天里，她精心设计的菜单将家乡的野生菌与本地食材相融合，希望给食客留下关于这个季节的美好回忆。A. mixed融合、混合；B. exchanged交换；C. advanced推进；D. delivered递送。根据后文“the wild mushrooms from her hometown with the local food”可知，此处是将家乡野生菌和本地食材结合在一起创作菜品，“mix...with...”为固定搭配，意为“将……与……融合/混合”，故选A。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在北京短暂的秋天里，她精心设计的菜单将家乡的野生菌与本地食材相融合，希望给食客留下关于这个季节的美好回忆。A. movement运动；B. heart内心；C. challenge挑战；D. memory回忆。结合前文融合家乡和本地的秋季食材打造菜单的行为，以及“leave guests with a beautiful”的搭配，厨师打造特色季节菜品，目的是让食客品尝后留下关于这个季节的美好记忆，“memory”贴合语境和搭配逻辑，故选D。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：张纭嘉说：“我努力在菜品的卖相和口感之间找到一个很好的平衡。”A. way方式；B. balance平衡；C. spirit精神；D. connection联系。根据后文“between how the food looks and tastes”可知，此处是要在卖相和口感两者之间找到合适的平衡，“find a balance between...”为固定搭配，意为“在……之间找到平衡”，符合语境，故选B。 39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的心愿是，食客每吃一口，都能真切地感受到云南的精髓。A. hardly几乎不；B. recently最近；C. truly真切地、真正地；D. simply简单地。结合前文厨师融合云南野生菌打造菜品的初衷，以及后文“feel the heart of Yunnan”的表达，厨师希望食客能从菜品中真实、深切地体会到云南美食的核心魅力，“truly”能体现这种真切的感受，贴合语境，故选C。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：张纭嘉的故事是关于追寻梦想的故事。A. menu菜单；B. schedule日程；C. plan计划；D. dream梦想。根据前文“Zhang’s story is about following her”，并结合后文她从热爱家庭美食，到赴美做志愿厨房工作，再到专研烹饪成为主厨的经历，这是一段追寻自己烹饪理想的过程，故选D。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段经历改变了她的人生。A. changed改变；B. revived复兴；C. organized组织；D. volunteered自愿做。根据后文“Seeing people smile at my food gave me more happiness than my studies”可知，在志愿厨房的工作让她感受到烹饪带来的快乐，这份感受让她萌生了从事烹饪工作的想法，进而改变了她的人生轨迹，故选A。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是她决定将自己对烹饪的热爱转化为自己的工作。A. expressed表达；B. described描述；C. turned转变；D. arranged安排。根据前文她感受到烹饪的快乐，并结合后文“her love for cooking into her job”，此处是将对烹饪的热爱转化为职业，“turn...into...”意为“将……转化为……”，故选C。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了实现这个目标，她首先通过亲身体验的方式学习法式烹饪。A. book-learned书本习得的；B. hands-on亲身实践的、动手的；C. part-time兼职的；D. old-fashioned老式的。根据后文“She kept learning to master its fine skills and beautiful style”以及“She worked in different restaurants to get real experience”，可知她学习烹饪注重实际操作和亲身实践，“hands-on”能体现这种实践式的学习方式，故选B。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在不同的餐厅工作，积累实战经验，一步步提升自己的厨艺。A. use使用；B. show展示；C. improve提升、提高；D. measure测量。根据前文“worked in different restaurants to get real experience”以及后文“her skills step by step”的搭配，在不同餐厅积累实践经验的目的，是为了逐步提高、精进自己的烹饪技艺，故选C。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，她的刻苦努力和对美食的满腔热爱是她成功的关键。A. keys关键；B. goals目标；C. wonders奇迹；D. conditions条件。根据前文她刻苦学习烹饪技巧、在不同餐厅积累经验的付出，以及后文“to her success”的搭配，努力和热爱是促成她取得烹饪事业成功的核心要素，故选A。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就这样，她从一名家庭烹饪爱好者，成长为一名技艺精湛、富有创意的主厨。A. common普通的；B. outgoing外向的；C. strict严格的；D. creative有创意的。结合后文“she joined a team to create a new all-vegetable Yunnan restaurant in Beijing”以及后文“Through her creative dishes”可知，她在烹饪中注重创新，故选D。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了打造那里的第一份菜单，张纭嘉花了整整一年时间做准备。A. experiencing体验；B. preparing准备；C. supplying供应；D. promoting推广。根据前文“For her first menu there”以及“spent a whole year”可知，设计全新的菜单需要花费大量时间做准备工作，故选B。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她潜心研究传统烹饪方法，使用从云南直接运来的食材。A. tools工具；B. stories故事；C. methods方法；D. brochures小册子。结合前文她打造云南全素餐厅的背景，以及前文“studies traditional cooking”可知，烹饪相关的是学习传统的烹饪方法，故选C。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她解释道：“云南美食有着诸多可能性，它值得被深入探索。”A. commented评论；B. demanded要求；C. remembered记住；D. explored探索。根据前文“Yunnan food has many possibilities”可知，云南菜的诸多可能性需要被探索挖掘，故选D。 $Unit 1 Food for thought重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 2 三、核心短语 3 四、单词拼写 3 五、完成句子 4 六、单句语法填空 4 02 词汇语境练 5 一、语法填空 5 二、阅读理解 6 三、完形填空 7 一、重点单词 1.____________ n. 枫树，槭树 2.____________ n. 布丁 3.____________ 血肠，黑香肠 4.____________ n.（正餐以外的）小吃，点心 5.____________ n. 烹饪（法） 6.____________ adj.（食物）加有香料的，辛辣的 7.____________ 火锅 8.____________ n. 肉贩 9.____________ n.（通常切成薄片的）咸猪肉，熏猪肉 10.____________ n. 香肠 11.____________ n. 烤面包（片），吐司 12.____________ n. 黄油，牛油 13.____________ n. 大块烤肉 adj. 烤好的，烤制的 14.____________ adj. 难闻的，有臭味的 15.____________ n. 豆腐 16.____________ n. 干酪，奶酪 17.____________ adv. 将来会有一天，有朝一日 18.____________ n. 乌龙茶 19.____________ n. 瓷，瓷器 20.____________ n. 盘，碟 21.____________ n.（barbecue 的缩写）烧烤野餐 22.____________ adj. 嫩的，软的，（尤指烹饪恰到好处） 23.____________ n. 牛排 24.____________ n. 调味汁，酱汁 25.____________ n. 比萨饼餐厅 26.____________ adj.（全是）蔬菜的，没有肉类的 27.____________ n. 面包店，糕饼店 28.____________ n. 干酪蛋糕 29.____________ adj. 似奶油的，软厚平滑的，光滑细软的 30.____________ n. 酸 31.____________ n. 酸乳，酸奶 32.____________ n. 蜂蜜 33.____________ adj. 自制的，家里做的 34.____________ adj. 酸（味）的 35.____________ n.（禽类的）胸脯肉 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二、词性转换 1.____________ n. 婚姻 → marry v. 结婚 2.typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的→____________ adv. 典型地；有代表性地 3.suffer v.（身体或精神上）受苦→____________ n. 苦难 4.horrible adj. 糟糕的→____________ adv. 可怕地；非常地→horror n. 畏惧；憎恶；震惊 5.poison n. 毒素，毒物，毒药→____________ adj. 有毒的 6.function n.（事物的）功能；作用→____________ adj. 实用的；功能的 7.____________ adj. 有关系的，相关的→relate v. 与…… 有联系，相关联→____________ n. 亲戚→relation n. 关系→relationship n. 关系 8.addict n. 对…… 着迷的人→____________ adj. 入迷的；上瘾的→____________ n. 上瘾，沉溺 9.differ v. 不同，不一样，有区别→____________ adj. 不同的→____________ n. 区别，差异 10.____________ adv. 略微，稍微→slight adj. 轻微的，少量的 11.____________ adv. 极端地，非常地；令人难以置信地→incredible adj. 难以置信的；极好的；极大的 三、核心短语 1.__________________由于，幸亏 2.__________________对…… 感到震惊 3.__________________遭受，忍受 4.__________________根据 5.__________________处理；应付 6.__________________偶遇，遇到 7.__________________爱上，喜欢上 8.__________________感觉自在 9.__________________解决，算出；实现 10.__________________以防万一 11.__________________拿起；捡起；学会；买，购买 12.__________________属于 13.__________________最终处于，到头来 14.__________________打听，别后叙谈 15.__________________教育；养育；提出 16.__________________试用，试验 四、单词拼写 1．There are two parks less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where neighbourhood children ________ (聚集) to play. 2．At the age of 18, instead of following the traditional path of _________ (结婚) like the majority of the girls, she chose to work and study. 3．Scientists have i________ a link between diet and cancer. 4．I always use sunflowers as s________ of strength to help me be stronger. 5．The boy was b________ (咬) by a stray dog when he walked through Sanxia Square yesterday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 6．The refugees have ________ (遭受) terrible hardships during their long journey to safety. 7．The __________ (可怕的) film caused her to have nightmares (噩梦). 8．The twin brothers are alike in appearance but they ________ (不同) greatly in character. 9．He was late again. It is __________(典型) of him to keep everybody waiting. 10．Her son __________(上瘾) himself to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health. 11．What will happen if you upload or d______  some wrong information on your website? 12．There are different ________ (种类) of English in the world. 13．The teacher did not explain this word's grammatical_______(功能). 14．He is ______ (稍微) thinner than last month, but his mental state seems better. 15．The sea is increasingly used as a rubbish bin, filled with ________ (有毒物质), plastics and other pollutants. 五、完成句子 16．他在旅行时无意中发现了一种奇怪的食物。 He _________________ a strange kind of food while travelling. 17．第一次来中国，她就感到很自在。 She _________________ when she came to China for the first time. 18．恐怕你不敢做这样的事。 I’m afraid you ____________________ do such a thing. 19．我第一次吃四川火锅就爱上了它。 I _________________ hot pot the first time I tried it. 20．我们都对这个坏消息感到震惊。 All of us ________ the bad news. 21．这个地区的人们正遭受干旱之苦。 People in this area are _________________ the drought. 22．多亏了现代科技，农民们能种植更多的粮食。 _________________ modern technology, farmers can grow more food. 23．她善于应付各种各样的客人。 She is good at ________________ all kinds of guests. 24．他想参加校篮球队的选拔。 He wants to ________________ the school basketball team. 25．她在法国生活时很快就学会了法语。 She soon _________________ French when she went to live in France. 26．这个问题很难处理。 The problem is difficult ________________. 27．派对以一首英文歌结束。 The party ________________ an English song. 六、单句语法填空 28．Her (marry) to a Chinese cook brought her into a new food world. 29．All the family members (gather) around the table to enjoy the dinner last night. 30．I didn’t know whether he (dare) say that to her. 31．After a week in the new class, the new student finally (feel) at home. 32．We must sort the good eggs from the bad ones. 33．Don’t forget to try this recipe at home. 34．He has been (suffer) from a bad cold for a week. 35．I was shocked (hear) that he had failed the driving test. 36．The little girl dare not (go) out alone at night. 37．We were all (shock) at the surprising news. 38．Some snakes kill their enemies with (poisonous). 39．I don’t know how (deal) with the leftovers in the fridge. 40．The dish smells (horrible), but in fact it tastes quite good. 41．Many people cannot stand the smell of (stink) tofu, but some love it. 42．Their (wed) was held in a small church last Sunday. 一、语法填空 （一） （25-26高一上·山东青岛·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lu (卤) frequently finds its way in Chinese dishes. It 1 (original) meant salted water used for meat that's boiled, and then served cold, and for vegetables. “Salt is the core of Lu, even 2 (important) than spices. Spices can add a pleasant smell or remove some smells, 3 it is the salt that is crucial to the flavor,” says Cao Yu, a food writer at Jinan University. The earliest 4 (preserve) recipes for making Lu date back to Qimin Yaoshu, an ancient Chinese agricultural text written in the 5th century. Cao believes the Lu we know today emerged around the Ming dynasty, 5 private agricultural businesses and food markets sprang up in China. 6 (attract) customers, these businesses began introducing new flavors to Lu by adding spices. And they then used it to season cooked meats and vegetables that 7 (sell) cold for takeaway. In the centuries since, Lu has been diversified, taking on the characteristics of each of China's regional cuisines. For example, in Sichuan province, fragrant peppercorn is put into Lu to add flavor and 8 (intense). Some Lu is even alcoholic: Zao Lu is 9 light one made from the fermented (发酵的) rice 10 (remain) from making Chinese yellow wine. Zao Lu is used across south-eastern China to season vegetables. （二） （25-26高一下·辽宁大连·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Something extraordinary is happening inside steamer baskets in Jiaodong, Shandong province. A lump of dough (一团面) goes in. 11 comes out is a shiny red fish, an auspicious lion or a peach the size of a child’s face. These are Jiaodong huabobo, or flower-shaped steamed buns, quietly 12 (serve) up a taste of Shandong life for centuries. Every step of making huabobo requires great care and patience. The main method is hand sculpting, using simple tools 13 scissors, chopsticks and spoons. Patterns on huabobo follow customs 14 (pass) down through generations. The most important part is the steaming process, which locks in the flavor 15 ensures the buns stay soft and fluffy. Though the traditions are long-standing, the old craft undergoes 16 (continue) development to fit in with modern life. Traditionally, huabobo are the storyteller for Shandong’s rituals and many family occasions. When a baby is one month old, tiger-shaped buns 17 (give) to the child as a good blessing for healthy growth. For the elderly celebrating their birthdays, peach-shaped buns are 18 must as a symbol of longevity and good health. In recent years, the buns 19 (gain) popularity on social media, attracting customers at home and abroad. The charm of huabobo lies in the perfect mix of tradition, creativity and the warmth of family love. It is this 20 (combine) that keeps the culture of Jiaodong alive in every delicious bite. 二、阅读理解 （25-26高一下·陕西汉中·开学考试）The town of Salem, in New Jersey, is tied to a rather famous story where tomatoes were once seen as “poison apples”. While the story may not be totally true, it shows how tomatoes became a beloved food. The Aztecs are known for growing, consuming (消耗), and naming the tomato, and the fruit was later brought to Europe by Spanish and Portuguese settlers in the 16th century. Tomatoes spread slowly in Europe because many Europeans avoided the color red, which was regarded as wrong, bad and supernatural. By the 18th century, the tomato was called the “poison apple” because rich people in Europe and America would fall ill or die after eating it. But it wasn’t the consumption of the tomato that led to their illness or death. Instead, it was the plates the rich used to dine on, which contained a high level of lead (铅). When the acid (酸) in tomatoes reacted with the lead, it caused poisoning. This made people think tomatoes were poisonous. In the late 18th century, people in America were growing tomatoes out of curiosity, not eating them. But how did the “poison apple” lose its bad image and become a beloved piece of produce? Legend has it that one man helped change public opinion — Robert Gibbon Johnson of Salem, New Jersey, who stood on Salem’s courthouse steps in 1820, eating a basket of tomatoes for all the public to see. When he didn’t die of poison, word spread that tomatoes were safe to eat. However, no record of Johnson’s actions has ever been found. But people did find evidence that Johnson actually grew tomatoes. Immigration to America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries — particularly Italians, who brought the pizza with them — contributed to the eventual consumption of tomatoes. By the 1830s, tomato recipes became popular in America. The legend of Johnson grew, especially after a 1949 radio show acted out his brave act. For years, Salem even held a Tomato Festival celebrating the story. The tomato’s story — from “poison apples” to kitchen favorite — shows how legend and facts can shape what we eat. 21．Why were tomatoes avoided in Europe? A．The price was too high to grow. B．The color was viewed negatively. C．A story caused great fear of them. D．They were only for rich families. 22．What did Johnson do to change public views on tomatoes according to stories? A．He did scientific studies on tomatoes. B．He grew a new variety of tomatoes widely. C．He wrote many articles against wrong views. D．He ate tomatoes in public to show they were safe. 23．What truly contributed to tomatoes becoming popular in America? A．A big festival celebrated the fruit. B．Italians brought pizza recipes here. C．Johnson’s action removed everyone’s worries. D．A popular radio show spread the cooking recipes. 24．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Hero in Tomato History B．How Tomatoes became a Red Fruit C．A Journey From Poison to Favorite D．How a Story Changed Dinner Table 三、完形填空 （一） （26-27高一上·黑龙江绥化·开学考试）When I first arrived in China, I knew little Chinese. And some of the Chinese words I 25 had something to do with food. I learned the names of a few dishes, but still didn’t know most of the things I saw on Chinese restaurant menus. Luckily, there were 26 to help me. Nearly every restaurant menu in China has pictures of food 27 it. But many restaurants I’ve been to in the US don’t. What is the 28 for the difference? One thing I’ve definitely (明确地) 29 about China is that food is a bigger part of their culture than it is in the US. A common way to 30 someone in China is to ask them if they’ve eaten yet. Food is just a bigger deal here — and having pictures of food in menus is part of that. Some menus are almost like works of art, with beautiful photos. Another thing is the 31 of the dishes. Chinese dishes sometimes have fanciful (别出心裁的)names like “palace guard chicken” or “three fresh things from the soil”. These are interesting names, but they don’t really tell you 32 the dishes are like. Therefore, it’s 33 to have pictures so you can actually see what you are going to eat. There are 34 even more reasons. All I know is that I was very thankful to have those picture menus when I first came to China years ago. 25．A．learned about B．came up C．kept away 26．A．videos B．covers C．pictures 27．A．at B．for C．in 28．A．result B．reason C．choice 29．A．noticed B．thought C．reflected 30．A．introduce B．remember C．greet 31．A．plates B．colors C．names 32．A．what B．how C．why 33．A．harmful B．helpful C．colorful 34．A．nearly B．simply C．probably （二） （25-26高一上·云南玉溪·期末）For the people of Yunnan, wild mushrooms (野生菌) are more than food; they are a special adventure. Chef (主厨) Zhang Yunjia brings this 35 journey to Beijing at her restaurant, Under Clouds Green. During the short Beijing autumn, her carefully designed menu (菜单) 36 the wild mushrooms from her hometown with the local food, hoping to leave guests with a beautiful 37 of the season. “I try to find a good 38 between how the food looks and tastes,”Zhang says. “My wish is that with every bite, people can 39 feel the heart of Yunnan.” Zhang’s story is about following her 40 . Growing up in Kunming, she loved family meals. While studying in the US, she worked in a volunteer kitchen. This experience 41 her life. “Seeing people smile at my food gave me more happiness than my studies,”she recalls. She then decided to 42 her love for cooking into her job. To achieve this, she first went to learn French cooking in a 43 way. She kept learning to master its fine skills and beautiful style. She worked in different restaurants to get real experience and to 44 her skills step by step. Finally, her great hard work and strong love for food were the 45 to her success. This is how she changed from a home cook into a skilled and 46 chef. Last year, she joined a team to create a new all-vegetable Yunnan restaurant in Beijing. For her first menu there, Zhang spent a whole year 47 . She studies traditional cooking 48 and uses food sent directly from Yunnan. “Yunnan food has many possibilities. It needs to be 49 ,” she explains. Through her creative dishes, Zhang shares a story that connects tradition with creativity, inviting all to enjoy its unique flavors. 35．A．boring B．exciting C．tiring D．illegal 36．A．mixed B．exchanged C．advanced D．delivered 37．A．movement B．heart C．challenge D．memory 38．A．way B．balance C．spirit D．connection 39．A．hardly B．recently C．truly D．simply 40．A．menu B．schedule C．plan D．dream 41．A．changed B．revived C．organized D．volunteered 42．A．expressed B．described C．turned D．arranged 43．A．book-learned B．hands-on C．part-time D．old-fashioned 44．A．use B．show C．improve D．measure 45．A．keys B．goals C．wonders D．conditions 46．A．common B．outgoing C．strict D．creative 47．A．experiencing B．preparing C．supplying D．promoting 48．A．tools B．stories C．methods D．brochures 49．A．commented B．demanded C．remembered D．explored $