专题05 阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道）（期中真题汇编，江苏专用）高一英语上学期

学科网 www.zxxk.com 专题05阅读理解（议论文 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.D2.C3.B4.A 主题语境02人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 【答案】1.B2.A3.C4D 主题语境03人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C 主题语境04人与自然-自然生态 【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.B 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.A Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.A Passage 3 1/2 让教与学更高效 +新闻报道) 可学科网 www.zxxk com 让教与学更高效 【答案】1.C2.C3.B4.C 主题语境02人与自我-做人与做事 【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.B 2/2 专题05 阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高一上·江苏扬州中学·期中）The “hedgehog (刺猬) dilemma” is a famous metaphor from German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer. In his 1851 book, he described how humans struggle with relationships through a story about hedgehogs. His advice was simple: keep your distance. This sad story became widely discussed. Sigmund Freud and modern scientists studied this idea. In 2015, an award-winning short film called Hedgehog retold this story. How does this apply to real life? Most people remember being hurt by close relationships – broken friendships, family conflicts, or romantic betrayals. Since these connections matter deeply, their damage hurts more. Should we stop trusting others? Schopenhauer said yes, but science would say otherwise. A study in PLOS Medicine reviewing 148 studies with over 300,000 people found those with strong social connections live 50% longer. The National Institute on Aging warns that loneliness harms health as much as smoking 15 cigarettes daily – making Schopenhauer’s advice concerning. When hurt repeatedly, people often fall into defense mode. Relationship expert Hilary Sanders explains common defense behaviors: going silent during arguments, seeing normal comments as criticism, or overreacting to small issues. These reactions often start in childhood. If parents often criticized or classmates bullied someone, they might develop habits like pretending not to care or getting angry easily. While these helped survive childhood pain, they cause problems in adult relationships when used unconsciously. The good news is people can change. Through therapy, many learn to recognize their defense patterns and understand their origins. Couples can improve relationships by learning each other’s emotional triggers and responding thoughtfully instead of arguing. However, Sanders warns that defenses shouldn’t be removed suddenly — it’s like taking down a wall brick by brick. Although Schopenhauer focused on the pain of closeness, the hedgehog story actually shows our deep need for connection. Unlike real hedgehogs, humans aren’t born with physical spines. By carefully lowering our defenses around trustworthy people, we might truly enjoy both warmth and safety in relationships. 1.Why does the author mention the hedgehog dilemma in paragraph 1? A. To stress its importance. B. To support Schopenhauer’s advice. C. To recommend Schopenhauer’s book. D. To introduce the theme of relationship. 2.What is Schopenhauer’s key solution to the “hedgehog dilemma”? A. Ignore pain. B. Seek therapy. C. Avoid closeness. D. Build walls. 3.What major evidence goes against Schopenhauer’s advice? A. Freud’s studies. B. Long life from social ties. C. Henry’s short film. D. Defense behavior of people. 4.What does Sanders say about close connection? A. People should make gradual progress in it. B. Humans can benefit from it unconsciously. C. It can help children relieve childhood pain. D. Couples should learn to defend it thoughtfully. 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高一上·江苏南京一中·期中）Having spent more than a decade on the dance floor, ROME — Niccolo Filippi, a 23-year-old Italian dance performer, recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance forms and believes that this experience will not only boost his career, but also broaden his horizons beyond the world of dance. His interest in diversifying his skills grew after he stumbled upon a short video of traditional Chinese-styled dance on YouTube. “I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it,” says Filippi. Ever since, he has been closely following Chinese dance performers and watching numerous videos to learn more about the traditional style that he admires. “I prefer the traditional style because of its light movements. It also reflects my personality with elegance,” he adds. Filippi’s chance came when he was invited to perform for a Chinese New Year celebration in the central Italian city of Florence. He has since fully committed himself to the art form, learning several pieces and putting his newfound passion into practice. “The biggest difference that I found (compared to other disciplines) is the change of mood and emotional expressions among dances,” says Filippi, adding that he needed to shift from the dynamic moves of hip-hop to the graceful and fluid movements of Chinese dance. Despite various obstacles, Filippi’s efforts have not gone unnoticed. Two of his friends shared videos of his performances on social media, and the response was overwhelming. One video garnered 500,000 views, while the other received 200,000 views. Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless, and he sees it as a means of personal growth. “I like to think of a person as a book,” he says. “Embracing different traditions and cultures, such as Chinese culture and many others, is like adding new chapters to my book, making it more diverse and wonderful.” 1.What is the main reason why Filippi falls in love with traditional Chinese dance? A. Its potential to boost his career. B. Its mix of traditional and modern elements. C. Its graceful and light movements. D. Its true reflection of his elegant personality. 2.How does the author illustrate the popularity of Filippi’s videos? A. By listing numbers. B. By giving an example. C. By sharing a story. D. By making a comparison. 3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Filippi thinks little of learning from other cultures. B. People prefer to write down their past experiences. C. Accepting various cultures boosts personal growth. D. A book with chapters on traditions is more wonderful. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Chinese-styled dance videos go viral on social media. B. An Italian’s dance journey towards specialization starts. C. Filippi’s desire for Chinese culture extends beyond dance. D. An Italian dancer shows passion for Chinese-styled dance. 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江苏海安高级中学·期中）How good are you at maths? Some people love the challenge of algebra (代数) or enjoy working out number puzzles. Maths is all around us, from working out how to split the bill after a meal to calculating your household bills. But many people dread the moment when they have to deal with numbers and figures, and feel a real sense of worry and confusion. It can seem depressing, but this “maths anxiety” is perfectly normal, and you’re definitely not alone. And anyway, our worries and fears don’t necessarily show our ability. Research traces maths anxiety back to school experiences. Nervous teachers may unintentionally pass their fears to students, and girls are particularly vulnerable. Data from 34 countries reveals striking numbers: 31% of teenagers feel nervous about solving problems, 33% stress over homework, and nearly 60% fear difficult classes. Shulamit Kahn, a Boston University expert, argues that positive role models — especially female teachers — are critical to building confidence in young learners. Writing for BBC Future, David Robson says, “It’s not clear why maths causes so much fear compared to geography. But the fact that there’s only one correct answer — there’s no room for bluffing — might make you more worried about under-performing.” And once we suppose we’re not a “maths person”, we avoid solving things that we probably could do. Psychologists have been trying to work out why maths can bring us out in a sweat. That seed of fear may come from many sources, but some suggest that expressing your fears can loosen their hold on you and recommend children to see a maths test as a challenge, not a threat. In fact, we need to think positively about maths and give it a second chance. 1.What does the author think of “maths anxiety”? A. It doesn’t mean poor ability. B. It affects almost everyone from birth. C. It naturally disappears with age. D. It only troubles school children. 2.What does “there’s no room for bluffing” mean about maths problems? A. They require creative thinking. B. They can be understood differently. C. They demand exact answers. D. They include many maths steps. 3.How do psychologists advise reducing maths anxiety? A. Ignore it and move on to harder problems. B. Adjust exams to lower stress for students. C. Voice your worries and try again. D. Replace daily maths with puzzle games. 4.What is the best title for the passage? A. How Do We Learn Maths Effectively? B. Is Maths Worth Learning? C. Are Boys Better at Maths than Girls? D. Should We Fear Maths? Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江苏南京航空航天大学苏州附中·期中）No one wants others to have wrong ideas about what they can do. But sometimes, when people learn someone has a disability, they may not see the person's true potential. That's why, on World Down Syndrome (唐氏综合征) Day, the National Down Syndrome Society made a strong advertisement (广告). It focuses on an actress who has Down syndrome. The advertisement starts with this person talking about driving — many think she can't do it. Then, the person talks about other things and important life moments. All these things have one thing in common. People think someone with Down syndrome can't do them. These include living alone learning about Shakespeare, and going to parties. Unluckily, when people think this way, it can make those wrong ideas come true. The organization says in the advertisement, “When we-have-bad thoughts about people with Down syndrome, we might treat them in a way that makes those thoughts real. In sociology (社会学), this is called a self-fulfilling prophecy (自证预言).” We should notice the thoughts we have about others because of their disability or other things. Then we can change how we act. In this way, more people with Down syndrome will get encouragement, help, and support. These things will let them live their real lives fully. This advertisement is perfect for World Down Syndrome Day, but its message matters every day. The organization also says, “Let's change how we look at things. If we have positive thoughts about people with Down syndrome, we can give them more chances at school, at work, in sports, and in social life. Maybe these positive thoughts will finally become real too.” We all need to pay more attention to people with Down syndrome. Listen to their needs, support their dreams, and let them show what they can do. Everyone deserves a chance to live a happy and meaningful life. 1.What does the advertisement mainly show about the actress? A. Her illness. B. Her potential. C. Her learning to drive. D. Her study experience. 2.How should we deal with the self-fulfilling prophecy about Down syndrome? A. We should ignore its impact. B. We should live a happy life. C. We should discuss it with others. D. We should change the bad thoughts. 3.What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To explain reasons. B. To offer suggestions. C. To show backgrounds. D. To provide descriptions. 4.What may be the best title for the text? A. The self-fulfilling prophecy is explained in sociology B. We should support people with various disabilities C. Positive thoughts help people with Down syndrome D. An advertisement for World Down Syndrome Day is shown 主题语境04 人与自然-自然生态 （25-26高一上·江苏南京师范大学附中·期中）For some people, October is Octobear. On October 5, Katmai National Park and Preserve in southern Alaska kicked off Fat Bear Week, when fans compare before and after photos of bears to vote for the one they think has gained the most weight before they bed down for the long freezing winter. Bear 747, also known as “Bear Force One”, took the first-place with 68,105 votes. It weighed around 1,400 pounds. Fat Bear Week started in 2014. At first it was just Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park keeper at Katmai, noticed that live webcams (网络摄像头) showing the bears received a lot of online comments, so he let people vote for their favorite fat bear on the Internet. The one-day event attracted 1,700 votes. In 2015, it was extended to a week. Last year, nearly 800,000 people took part, turning it into a global campaign. The contest serves two main purposes. First, some of America’s national parks are in remote and undeveloped areas, which are difficult or costly to reach. Fat Bear Week brings Alaska’s wilderness to fans’ computer screens. “It’s not limited to the fortunate few who can go to the river anymore,” Fitz said. Second, Fat Bear Week brings attention to the bears and the ecosystems they live in. The 2,200 bears of Katmai are strong for feeding on some of the healthiest salmon (三文鱼) in the world, said Sara Wolman, a former park keeper. Salmon in the Pacific Northwest are suffering from overfishing and warming rivers due to climate change. Luckily, Brooks River, which Katmai’s bears like to fish in, has been free from these threats so far. Fat Bear Week has spread like a wild fire. Fans and creators say it is a successful story of wildlife protection. For one week, people don’t have to focus on climate change. “Maybe things aren’t great all the time in the world,” said Felicia Jimenez, a Katmai keeper. “But there are some really fat bears in Alaska.” 1.Why did Bear 747 become the winner of Fat Bear Week? A. It was the heaviest. B. It gained the most pounds. C. It looked the most attractive. D. It ate the healthiest salmon. 2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The history of Fat Bear Week. B. The leadership of Mike Fitz. C. The influence of online voting. D. The function of live webcams. 3.What can we learn about the bears of Katmai? A. They bring tourists to Alaska. B. They face a population decrease. C. They like to fish in warm rivers. D. They enjoy a healthy food source. 4.What is Felicia Jimenez’s attitude towards the Fat Bear Week? A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Negative. D. Uninterested. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江苏南通中学·期中）Under the open skies of the Argentine grasslands, I found myself holding tightly to the leather straps of a nervous horse on a steep hill. Luckily, Jonathan, a skilled Argentine cowboy, came to help me. With a few gentle words, he calmed the horse — showing the special bond these cowboys have with their animals. These Argentinecowboys used to live freely, wandering across the wide grasslands. But their traditional lifestyle is slowly disappearing. “Sadly, the gaucho way of life is disappearing because of modern society and machines doing most farm work,” said Kevin Begg, who is not a gaucho himself. “Real gachos are difficult to find today.” Kevin’s family has owned a big local farm for four generations. Now, much of his money comes from tourists who visit his farm. People come to ride one of his more than 100 special horses and drink some Malbec wine on the shady porch (门廊) of his 250-year-old farmhouse. Dressed in traditional gaucho clothes Kevin shows his strong wish to keep the past alive. During my visit to Kevin’s farm, I went inside his old house. Every part of the house, with its old wooden furniture and faded carpets, brings back stories from long ago. “Be careful there,” Kevin warned me as I approached tripped over a door frame. “That has caused more accidents than the horses. But this house has never been changed, and I won’t change a thing.” As time passes and generations change, I wonder how much of the real gaucho culture will remain. There’s a real danger that it might one day disappear completely, like the dust kicked up by their running horses. But because of people like Kevin, this way of life will be more than just something for tourists to see. Beyond the old bricks and worn carpets, Kevin’s farm protects a small but important piece of Argentina’s history. 1.What happened to the author in the first paragraph? A. She was lost in the grasslands. B. She was taught by a cowboy. C. She was having trouble with a horse. D. She was hurt while riding a horse. 2.What is a characteristic of gauchos according to Kevin? A. Using modern farming methods. B. A lifestyle that is disappearing. C. Earning less money than before. D. Growing tourism business. 3.Why does the author mention her experience in Kevin’s house? A. To share stories about each object in the house. B. To point out the dangers of an old house. C. To show how Kevin manages the farm. D. To prove Kevin’s effort to keep the tradition. 4.What is the author’s attitude toward the future of gaucho culture? A. Worried but hopeful. B. Curious but cautious. C. Doubtful but understanding. D. Positive but critical. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江苏锡山高中学·期中）Are you a short video app user? Chances are that you’re more familiar with 15-second sped-up clips of songs than with the original tracks themselves. This trend has been evident on social media platforms, notably Douyin and TikTok, where creators boost the rhythm by 25-30 percent to match short viral videos featuring dances or other themes. These altered versions have even pushed some musicians to the top of official singles charts (排行榜). As a Radio Anthems host told the BBC, although sped-up versions of songs can help artists go viral, that initial success may not last. This isn’t just about music. Social media users also accelerate podcasts, movies, etc. for quicker consumption. The sped-up mode provides a faster way to achieve the dopamine (多巴胺) rush that social media aims to spark, leading to addiction and influencing our actions. While it seems efficient, speeding up content has significant disadvantages. “So many people worked hard making specific decisions about pacing, lighting, timing and music, and speeding that all up just ruins it,” a Reddit user commented. Another user also mentioned that if someone consumes content this way, their viewpoint of the movie or the song is not valid (合理的). It seems that people speed up content not because they enjoy movies and songs but rather simply to complete the action of “watching” and “listening”. It’s as if they’re telling the creators: “I don’t have the patience to care about all the detailed design and subtle emotions you put into the work.” All they want is a quick general idea of “what’s going on” and a feeling of “wow, I just consumed another piece of information”. Evidently, this approach weakens creators’ efforts and erodes people’s patience. However, people often fail to realize that this also destroys their patience with life. Beginning with sped-up songs and movies, it gradually creeps into daily life. A Chinese netizen once shared, “I found myself becoming impatient with doing research for my work or preparing for a test,” highlighting how this habit extends to longer-term tasks. We already live in a fast-paced society, yet we still try to speed it up in every aspect. What’s the rush? Some things should not be sped up, like our patience for beauty and hard work. 1.What might be a possible result of sped-up song versions on social media? A. They boost the popularity of original songs. B. They lead musicians to top official singles charts. C. They decrease the consumption of short videos. D. They help musicians maintain long-term success. 2.From Reddit users’ perspectives, what impact does speeding up content have? A. It reduces audience’s appreciation level of art. B. It enhances the dopamine rush for better mood. C. It offers a more effective way to grasp the content. D. It damages media’s works and devalues consumers’ views. 3.What does the underlined word “erodes” mean in Paragraph 5? A. Tests out. B. Wears away. C. Smooths out. D. Calls for. 4.What is the author’s attitude towards the trend of speeding up content on social media? A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Objective. D. Unclear. Passage 3 （25-26高一上·江苏苏州中学·期中）Imagine the richest people in the world. Instead of private jets or diamond rings, they show off something else: their completely empty schedule. This is the new reality. In an age flooded with smartphones and endless information, a new kind of luxury (奢侈) is emerging — the luxury of uninterrupted, freely available time. In the past, people displayed success through expensive watches, and designer clothes. This was known as “conspicuous consumption (消费)” — a way of saying, “Look what I can afford.” Now, a new status symbol is taking over. It’s not about what you own, but what you can ignore. Being able to turn off all phone notifications (通知), or spending a whole afternoon lost in a novel. This group is being called the “Time Millionaires.” Their real wealth is not money, but an abundance of (大量) time that belongs entirely to them. The root of this change is the “Attention Economy.” Every social media app you use for free isn’t really free. You and your attention are the product being sold. Companies design addictive (令人上瘾的) features, using endless videos and notifications to fight for every second of your focus. As a result, most of our time and attention are cut into tiny pieces. We always feel “busy,” yet often feel we haven’t accomplished anything meaningful. It’s as if our time no longer belongs to us. In this environment, those who take back control of their time stand out. They usually manage it in one of two ways: 1．They are financially wealthy enough to use money to solve problems that consume time. 2．They are highly intentional about their lives, actively choosing a “Digital Minimalist” lifestyle and bravely saying “no” to digital distractions (分心之物). This leads to a crucial question: Is this creating a new form of social inequality? On one side are the “Time Rich.” They have high-quality time to invest in deep thinking, learning new skills, and building relationships. This leads to better mental health. On the other side are the “Time Poor.” They might be stuck in jobs that require constant availability, or trapped in a cycle of algorithm-fed (算法推送的) entertainment. Their time is filled, but they may feel empty and anxious inside. At the heart is a debate: is it fair? Some argue that embracing digital minimalism (极简主义) is a positive choice available to everyone. It’s not about money, but self-discipline. Turning off unnecessary notifications or setting “phone-free” hours costs nothing. This perspective encourages personal responsibility. Others hold that the ability to disconnect is itself a privilege (特权). Consider a single parent working two jobs — can they afford to “ignore” a work message? For them, being “offline” could mean losing income or connections. Promoting digital minimalism as a one-size-fits-all solution might ignore these harsh (残酷) realities. The concept of the “Time Millionaire” reflects one of the deepest conflicts of our time. While technology promises efficiency, we often feel poorer than ever in time. It asks each of us: Are you the master of your time, or its slave? 1.What can be inferred from the passage about the “Digital Minimalist” lifestyle? A. It requires completely giving up all digital devices. B. It is expensive to maintain this lifestyle. C. It involves conscious choices to limit digital distractions. D. It is only adopted by those who are financially wealthy. 2.The word “conspicuous” in paragraph 2 most likely means ______. A. hidden and private B. wasteful and meaningless C. obvious and noticeable D. practical and important 3.Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. The dangers of social media addiction and algorithms. B. The conflict between time ownership and attention economy. C. A guide to achieving wealth through time management. D. The importance of digital minimalism for mental health. 4.What is the author’s attitude toward the argument that digital minimalism is a one-size-fits-all solution? A. Strongly supportive B. completely neutral (中立的) C. Doubtful and critical D. Unclear and confused 主题语境02 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高一上·江苏南京大学附中·期中）We all want to give our kids the best possible advice, but when it comes to what path they should explore after education and what career possibilities are out there, where should we start? “For parents, the most important thing is to keep options open and to understand that equipping them with life skills are important,” says secondary school teacher David Earl. Your kid will probably have some idea of the terms “growth” and “fixed mindset”. Simply put, the central idea of the growth mindset (思维模式) is that intelligence (智力) and ability can be developed, and children who have this idea will try to seek opportunities to push themselves, understanding that they are likely to achieve what they want if they persevere. This challenges a fixed mindset, the idea that a child’s ability is limited and set in advance. Help your kid prepare for closed doors, tough interviews, rejection letters by encouraging them to embrace them and understand that none of them is failure. Remind them of things they’ve overcome, suggesting they view every negative experience as a chance to learn and grow, rather than an end point. Employers lay stress on all kinds of life skills, including problem-solving, leadership and creative thinking. So getting your children to think about those skills is helpful. Barclays LifeSkills has listed skills important for individuals in their future careers — communicating through videos and audio, rather than writing, and working with people from different generations and backgrounds. Good grades and passing examinations may seem like the most important thing to your kid right now, but try to encourage them to also think of longer-term goals. By thinking of a long-term goal, you may be able to find areas they need to improve. Thinking about the future can be challenging, but it’s important that your kid understands that the next step is just that one small step. It doesn’t have to be anything as huge as what career to pursue or which course to take. This is a team effort: Ask teachers, friends, or turn to experts for tips. 1.What does the growth mindset stress? A. A child’s ability can be improved. B. Success comes only from good grades. C. One’s intelligence stays unchanged. D. Children should avoid challenges to succeed. 2.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “embrace” in Paragraph 4? A. Ignore. B. Measure. C. Perform. D. Accept. 3.Which of the following might the writer agree with? A. Children should consider long-term goals instead of good grades. B. It’s parents’ responsibility to choose their children’ future careers. C. It’s a life skill to get along with people from different backgrounds. D. Children should be independent of their parents as early as possible. 4.Who is the above passage mainly intended for? A. Children. B. Parents. C. Employers. D. Teachers. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高一上·江苏扬州中学·期中）The “hedgehog (刺猬) dilemma” is a famous metaphor from German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer. In his 1851 book, he described how humans struggle with relationships through a story about hedgehogs. His advice was simple: keep your distance. This sad story became widely discussed. Sigmund Freud and modern scientists studied this idea. In 2015, an award-winning short film called Hedgehog retold this story. How does this apply to real life? Most people remember being hurt by close relationships – broken friendships, family conflicts, or romantic betrayals. Since these connections matter deeply, their damage hurts more. Should we stop trusting others? Schopenhauer said yes, but science would say otherwise. A study in PLOS Medicine reviewing 148 studies with over 300,000 people found those with strong social connections live 50% longer. The National Institute on Aging warns that loneliness harms health as much as smoking 15 cigarettes daily – making Schopenhauer’s advice concerning. When hurt repeatedly, people often fall into defense mode. Relationship expert Hilary Sanders explains common defense behaviors: going silent during arguments, seeing normal comments as criticism, or overreacting to small issues. These reactions often start in childhood. If parents often criticized or classmates bullied someone, they might develop habits like pretending not to care or getting angry easily. While these helped survive childhood pain, they cause problems in adult relationships when used unconsciously. The good news is people can change. Through therapy, many learn to recognize their defense patterns and understand their origins. Couples can improve relationships by learning each other’s emotional triggers and responding thoughtfully instead of arguing. However, Sanders warns that defenses shouldn’t be removed suddenly — it’s like taking down a wall brick by brick. Although Schopenhauer focused on the pain of closeness, the hedgehog story actually shows our deep need for connection. Unlike real hedgehogs, humans aren’t born with physical spines. By carefully lowering our defenses around trustworthy people, we might truly enjoy both warmth and safety in relationships. 1.Why does the author mention the hedgehog dilemma in paragraph 1? A. To stress its importance. B. To support Schopenhauer’s advice. C. To recommend Schopenhauer’s book. D. To introduce the theme of relationship. 2.What is Schopenhauer’s key solution to the “hedgehog dilemma”? A. Ignore pain. B. Seek therapy. C. Avoid closeness. D. Build walls. 3.What major evidence goes against Schopenhauer’s advice? A. Freud’s studies. B. Long life from social ties. C. Henry’s short film. D. Defense behavior of people. 4.What does Sanders say about close connection? A. People should make gradual progress in it. B. Humans can benefit from it unconsciously. C. It can help children relieve childhood pain. D. Couples should learn to defend it thoughtfully. 【答案】1. D　2. C　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇议论文。文章围绕德国哲学家叔本华提出的“刺猬困境” 展开，探讨了人际关系中的距离与亲密问题。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“The “hedgehog (刺猬) dilemma” is a famous metaphor from German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer. In his 1851 book, he described how humans struggle with relationships through a story about hedgehogs. His advice was simple: keep your distance.( “刺猬困境”是德国哲学家叔本华的一个著名比喻。在他1851年出版的书中，他通过一个关于刺猬的故事描述了人类如何在人际关系中挣扎。他的建议很简单：保持距离。)”可知，文章第一段提到“刺猬困境”这一著名隐喻，接着阐述其在现实生活人际关系中的体现，如亲密关系中的伤害等 。所以作者提及“刺猬困境” 是为了引出关于人际关系这一主题。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“His advice was simple: keep your distance.( 他的建议很简单：保持距离。)”可知，叔本华对于“刺猬困境”的核心解决办法是保持距离，也就是避免亲密（Avoid closeness）。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“A study in PLOS Medicine reviewing 148 studies with over 300,000 people found those with strong social connections live 50% longer. The National Institute on Aging warns that loneliness harms health as much as smoking 15 cigarettes daily – making Schopenhauer’s advice concerning.(《公共科学图书馆·医学》杂志上的一项研究回顾了148项涉及30多万人的研究，发现那些社交关系强的人寿命要长50%。美国国家老龄化研究所警告说，孤独对健康的危害与每天吸15支烟一样大——这使得叔本华的建议令人担忧。)”可知，社交关系带来的长寿这一主要证据，与叔本华的建议相悖。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“However, Sanders warns that defenses shouldn’t be removed suddenly — it’s like taking down a wall brick by brick.( 然而，桑德斯警告说，防御不应该突然拆除，就像一砖一瓦地拆墙一样。)”可知，桑德斯认为人们在建立亲密关系时，不应突然去除防御，要像一砖一瓦拆除墙一样循序渐进。故选A项。 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高一上·江苏南京一中·期中）Having spent more than a decade on the dance floor, ROME — Niccolo Filippi, a 23-year-old Italian dance performer, recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance forms and believes that this experience will not only boost his career, but also broaden his horizons beyond the world of dance. His interest in diversifying his skills grew after he stumbled upon a short video of traditional Chinese-styled dance on YouTube. “I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it,” says Filippi. Ever since, he has been closely following Chinese dance performers and watching numerous videos to learn more about the traditional style that he admires. “I prefer the traditional style because of its light movements. It also reflects my personality with elegance,” he adds. Filippi’s chance came when he was invited to perform for a Chinese New Year celebration in the central Italian city of Florence. He has since fully committed himself to the art form, learning several pieces and putting his newfound passion into practice. “The biggest difference that I found (compared to other disciplines) is the change of mood and emotional expressions among dances,” says Filippi, adding that he needed to shift from the dynamic moves of hip-hop to the graceful and fluid movements of Chinese dance. Despite various obstacles, Filippi’s efforts have not gone unnoticed. Two of his friends shared videos of his performances on social media, and the response was overwhelming. One video garnered 500,000 views, while the other received 200,000 views. Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless, and he sees it as a means of personal growth. “I like to think of a person as a book,” he says. “Embracing different traditions and cultures, such as Chinese culture and many others, is like adding new chapters to my book, making it more diverse and wonderful.” 1.What is the main reason why Filippi falls in love with traditional Chinese dance? A. Its potential to boost his career. B. Its mix of traditional and modern elements. C. Its graceful and light movements. D. Its true reflection of his elegant personality. 2.How does the author illustrate the popularity of Filippi’s videos? A. By listing numbers. B. By giving an example. C. By sharing a story. D. By making a comparison. 3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Filippi thinks little of learning from other cultures. B. People prefer to write down their past experiences. C. Accepting various cultures boosts personal growth. D. A book with chapters on traditions is more wonderful. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Chinese-styled dance videos go viral on social media. B. An Italian’s dance journey towards specialization starts. C. Filippi’s desire for Chinese culture extends beyond dance. D. An Italian dancer shows passion for Chinese-styled dance. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是意大利舞蹈演员Niccolo Filippi最近决定探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式，并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯，还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段的““I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it,” says Filippi.(Filippi说：“我认为这是一种结合了传统与现代的艺术，这也是我喜欢它的主要原因。”)”可知，Filippi爱上中国传统舞蹈的主要原因是它融合了传统和现代元素。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Two of his friends shared videos of his performances on social media, and the response was overwhelming. One video garnered 500, 000 views, while the other received 200, 000 views.(他的两个朋友在社交媒体上分享了他的表演视频，反响非常热烈。其中一个视频获得了50万次观看，而另一个则获得了20万次观看)”可推知，作者通过列出数字说明Filippi的视频的受欢迎程度。故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless, and he sees it as a means of personal growth.(Filippi认为学习不同的文化是无价的，他认为这是个人成长的一种方式)”可推知，从最后一段可以推断出接受不同的文化能促进个人成长。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Having spent more than a decade on the dance floor, ROME— Niccolo Filippi, a 23-year-old Italian dance performer, recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance forms and believes that this experience will not only boost his career, but also broaden his horizons beyond the world of dance.(23岁的意大利舞蹈演员Niccolo Filippi在舞池ROME里呆了十多年，最近他决定探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式，并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯，还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野)”可知，本文主要讲的是意大利舞蹈演员Niccolo Filippi最近决定探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式，并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯，还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野。由此可知，D选项“An Italian dancer shows passion for Chinese-styled dance.(一位意大利舞者对中国风格的舞蹈表现出热情)”能够概括本文主旨。故选D。 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江苏海安高级中学·期中）How good are you at maths? Some people love the challenge of algebra (代数) or enjoy working out number puzzles. Maths is all around us, from working out how to split the bill after a meal to calculating your household bills. But many people dread the moment when they have to deal with numbers and figures, and feel a real sense of worry and confusion. It can seem depressing, but this “maths anxiety” is perfectly normal, and you’re definitely not alone. And anyway, our worries and fears don’t necessarily show our ability. Research traces maths anxiety back to school experiences. Nervous teachers may unintentionally pass their fears to students, and girls are particularly vulnerable. Data from 34 countries reveals striking numbers: 31% of teenagers feel nervous about solving problems, 33% stress over homework, and nearly 60% fear difficult classes. Shulamit Kahn, a Boston University expert, argues that positive role models — especially female teachers — are critical to building confidence in young learners. Writing for BBC Future, David Robson says, “It’s not clear why maths causes so much fear compared to geography. But the fact that there’s only one correct answer — there’s no room for bluffing — might make you more worried about under-performing.” And once we suppose we’re not a “maths person”, we avoid solving things that we probably could do. Psychologists have been trying to work out why maths can bring us out in a sweat. That seed of fear may come from many sources, but some suggest that expressing your fears can loosen their hold on you and recommend children to see a maths test as a challenge, not a threat. In fact, we need to think positively about maths and give it a second chance. 1.What does the author think of “maths anxiety”? A. It doesn’t mean poor ability. B. It affects almost everyone from birth. C. It naturally disappears with age. D. It only troubles school children. 2.What does “there’s no room for bluffing” mean about maths problems? A. They require creative thinking. B. They can be understood differently. C. They demand exact answers. D. They include many maths steps. 3.How do psychologists advise reducing maths anxiety? A. Ignore it and move on to harder problems. B. Adjust exams to lower stress for students. C. Voice your worries and try again. D. Replace daily maths with puzzle games. 4.What is the best title for the passage? A. How Do We Learn Maths Effectively? B. Is Maths Worth Learning? C. Are Boys Better at Maths than Girls? D. Should We Fear Maths? 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇议论文。文章旨在引导学生正确看待数学学习，通过转变思维来缓解焦虑，从而以更健康的态度面对数学。专家指出榜样力量，倡导把数学当挑战，积极面对可减压。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“It can seem depressing, but this “maths anxiety” is perfectly normal, and you’re definitely not alone. And anyway, our worries and fears don’t necessarily show our ability. (这可能看起来令人沮丧，但这种“数学焦虑”是完全正常的，绝对不是你一个人这样。无论如何，我们的担忧和恐惧并不一定表明我们的能力。)”可知，作者认为人们对数学的恐惧焦虑并不能反映出他们的能力。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据画线句前的破折号可知，该句是对破折号前面fact的同位语从句内容“that there’s only one correct answer (只有一个正确答案)”的解释，由此可知，该句是强调数学学科题目答案的唯一性，即数学要求确切的答案。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Psychologists have been trying to work out why maths can bring us out in a sweat. That seed of fear may come from many sources, but some suggest that expressing your fears can loosen their hold on you and recommend children to see a maths test as a challenge, not a threat. In fact, we need to think positively about maths and give it a second chance. (心理学家正探究为何数学让人冒汗。恐惧种子来源多，但把焦虑说出来能削弱它；应把数学测试视为挑战而非威胁。让我们对数学多一点积极，再给它一次机会。)”可知，心理学家建议勇敢说出自己对数学的担忧并保持积极的态度， 再试一次，以此来减少对数学的焦虑。C选项中的voice与express，try again与give it a second chance近义表达。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段“But many people dread the moment when they have to deal with numbers and figures, and feel a real sense of worry and confusion. It can seem depressing, but this “maths anxiety” is perfectly normal, and you’re definitely not alone. And anyway, our worries and fears don’t necessarily show our ability. (但许多人害怕面对数字的时刻，感到真正的担忧和困惑。这可能看起来令人沮丧，但这种“数学焦虑”是完全正常的，你绝对不是一个人。无论如何，我们的担忧和恐惧并不一定表明我们的能力。)”并通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了数学焦虑这一现象及成因，以及心理学家对于如何减少数学焦虑的建议， 整体围绕是否应该害怕数学展开讨论。故选D项。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江苏南京航空航天大学苏州附中·期中）No one wants others to have wrong ideas about what they can do. But sometimes, when people learn someone has a disability, they may not see the person's true potential. That's why, on World Down Syndrome (唐氏综合征) Day, the National Down Syndrome Society made a strong advertisement (广告). It focuses on an actress who has Down syndrome. The advertisement starts with this person talking about driving — many think she can't do it. Then, the person talks about other things and important life moments. All these things have one thing in common. People think someone with Down syndrome can't do them. These include living alone learning about Shakespeare, and going to parties. Unluckily, when people think this way, it can make those wrong ideas come true. The organization says in the advertisement, “When we-have-bad thoughts about people with Down syndrome, we might treat them in a way that makes those thoughts real. In sociology (社会学), this is called a self-fulfilling prophecy (自证预言).” We should notice the thoughts we have about others because of their disability or other things. Then we can change how we act. In this way, more people with Down syndrome will get encouragement, help, and support. These things will let them live their real lives fully. This advertisement is perfect for World Down Syndrome Day, but its message matters every day. The organization also says, “Let's change how we look at things. If we have positive thoughts about people with Down syndrome, we can give them more chances at school, at work, in sports, and in social life. Maybe these positive thoughts will finally become real too.” We all need to pay more attention to people with Down syndrome. Listen to their needs, support their dreams, and let them show what they can do. Everyone deserves a chance to live a happy and meaningful life. 1.What does the advertisement mainly show about the actress? A. Her illness. B. Her potential. C. Her learning to drive. D. Her study experience. 2.How should we deal with the self-fulfilling prophecy about Down syndrome? A. We should ignore its impact. B. We should live a happy life. C. We should discuss it with others. D. We should change the bad thoughts. 3.What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To explain reasons. B. To offer suggestions. C. To show backgrounds. D. To provide descriptions. 4.What may be the best title for the text? A. The self-fulfilling prophecy is explained in sociology B. We should support people with various disabilities C. Positive thoughts help people with Down syndrome D. An advertisement for World Down Syndrome Day is shown 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了积极看待唐氏综合征患者的重要性。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But sometimes, when people learn someone has a disability, they may not see the person's true potential. That's why, on World Down Syndrome (唐氏综合征) Day, the National Down Syndrome Society made a strong advertisement (广告). It focuses on an actress who has Down syndrome. (但有时，当人们得知某人患有残疾时，可能看不到这个人真正的潜力。这就是为什么在世界唐氏综合征日，美国国家唐氏综合征协会制作了一则有影响力的广告，主角是一位患有唐氏综合征的女演员)”可知，广告通过唐氏综合征女演员的事例，展现她被认为不能做但实际可能做到的事，核心是体现她的潜力。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中“We should notice the thoughts we have about others because of their disability or other things. Then we can change how we act. (我们应该留意自己因他人的残疾或其他情况而产生的想法。然后我们可以改变我们的行为方式)”及第五段中“The organization also says, “Let's change how we look at things. If we have positive thoughts about people with Down syndrome, we can give them more chances at school, at work, in sports, and in social life. Maybe these positive thoughts will finally become real too.” (该组织还表示：“让我们改变看待事物的方式。如果我们对唐氏综合征患者抱有积极的想法，我们就能在学校、工作、体育运动以及社交生活中给予他们更多机会。也许这些积极的想法最终也会成为现实。”)”可推知，应对这种自证预言需改变负面想法，树立积极认知。故选D。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We all need to pay more attention to people with Down syndrome. Listen to their needs, support their dreams, and let them show what they can do. Everyone deserves a chance to live a happy and meaningful life.. (我们都需要更加关注唐氏综合征患者。倾听他们的需求，支持他们的梦想，让他们展现自身能力。每个人都应有机会过上幸福且有意义的生活)”可推知，该段通过“需要关注、倾听需求、支持梦想”等表述，提出了对待唐氏综合征患者的具体建议。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“We all need to pay more attention to people with Down syndrome. Listen to their needs, support their dreams, and let them show what they can do. Everyone deserves a chance to live a happy and meaningful life. (我们都需要更加关注唐氏综合征患者。倾听他们的需求，支持他们的梦想，让他们展现自身能力。每个人都应有机会过上幸福且有意义的生活)”可知，文章围绕唐氏综合征相关广告展开，核心强调改变负面想法、树立积极认知对唐氏综合征患者的重要性，最终会让积极想法成为现实。由此可知，C选项“Positive thoughts help people with Down syndrome (积极的想法帮助唐氏综合征患者)”贴合文章核心主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选C。 主题语境04 人与自然-自然生态 （25-26高一上·江苏南京师范大学附中·期中）For some people, October is Octobear. On October 5, Katmai National Park and Preserve in southern Alaska kicked off Fat Bear Week, when fans compare before and after photos of bears to vote for the one they think has gained the most weight before they bed down for the long freezing winter. Bear 747, also known as “Bear Force One”, took the first-place with 68,105 votes. It weighed around 1,400 pounds. Fat Bear Week started in 2014. At first it was just Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park keeper at Katmai, noticed that live webcams (网络摄像头) showing the bears received a lot of online comments, so he let people vote for their favorite fat bear on the Internet. The one-day event attracted 1,700 votes. In 2015, it was extended to a week. Last year, nearly 800,000 people took part, turning it into a global campaign. The contest serves two main purposes. First, some of America’s national parks are in remote and undeveloped areas, which are difficult or costly to reach. Fat Bear Week brings Alaska’s wilderness to fans’ computer screens. “It’s not limited to the fortunate few who can go to the river anymore,” Fitz said. Second, Fat Bear Week brings attention to the bears and the ecosystems they live in. The 2,200 bears of Katmai are strong for feeding on some of the healthiest salmon (三文鱼) in the world, said Sara Wolman, a former park keeper. Salmon in the Pacific Northwest are suffering from overfishing and warming rivers due to climate change. Luckily, Brooks River, which Katmai’s bears like to fish in, has been free from these threats so far. Fat Bear Week has spread like a wild fire. Fans and creators say it is a successful story of wildlife protection. For one week, people don’t have to focus on climate change. “Maybe things aren’t great all the time in the world,” said Felicia Jimenez, a Katmai keeper. “But there are some really fat bears in Alaska.” 1.Why did Bear 747 become the winner of Fat Bear Week? A. It was the heaviest. B. It gained the most pounds. C. It looked the most attractive. D. It ate the healthiest salmon. 2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The history of Fat Bear Week. B. The leadership of Mike Fitz. C. The influence of online voting. D. The function of live webcams. 3.What can we learn about the bears of Katmai? A. They bring tourists to Alaska. B. They face a population decrease. C. They like to fish in warm rivers. D. They enjoy a healthy food source. 4.What is Felicia Jimenez’s attitude towards the Fat Bear Week? A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Negative. D. Uninterested. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了美国阿拉斯加卡特迈国家公园的“胖熊周”活动，包括其起源、发展、目的以及社会反响。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“For some people, October is Octobear. On October 5, Katmai National Park and Preserve in southern Alaska kicked off Fat Bear Week, when fans compare before and after photos of bears to vote for the one they think has gained the most weight before they bed down for the long freezing winter (对于一些人来说，十月就是“熊月”。10 月 5 日，位于阿拉斯加南部的卡塔米国家公园和保护区启动了“胖熊周”活动。在这个活动中，粉丝们会对比熊的前后照片，投票选出他们认为体重增加最多的那只熊，然后这些熊会进入漫长的寒冷冬季的睡眠状态)”可知，“胖熊周”的评选标准是增重最多。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Fat Bear Week started in 2014. At first it was just Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park keeper at Katmai, noticed that live webcams (网络摄像头) showing the bears received a lot of online comments, so he let people vote for their favorite fat bear on the Internet. The one-day event attracted 1,700 votes. In 2015, it was extended to a week. Last year, nearly 800,000 people took part, turning it into a global campaign. (“胖熊周”始于2014年。起初它只是“胖熊周二”。Katmai公园的前管理员Mike Fitz注意到，展示这些熊的实时网络摄像头收到了大量网络评论，于是他让人们在网上投票选出他们最喜欢的胖熊。这一为期一天的活动获得了1700个投票。2015年，活动时间延长至一周。去年，有近80万人参与，使其成为一项全球性的活动)”可知，本段讲述了“胖熊周”始于2014年，最初只是“肥熊周二”，后来在2015年扩展为一周，如今已成为全球性活动，核心是介绍该活动的起源与发展历程。故选A项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“The 2,200 bears of Katmai are strong for feeding on some of the healthiest salmon (三文鱼) in the world (由于Katmai的2200只熊以世界上最健康的三文鱼为食而体格强健)”可知，这些熊有健康的食物来源。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Maybe things aren’t great all the time in the world,” said Felicia Jimenez, a Katmai keeper. “But there are some really fat bears in Alaska.” (Katmai的看守员Felicia Jimenez说：“也许世界上并非一直都很美好，但阿拉斯加确实有一些非常胖的熊。”)”可推知，Felicia Jimenez对“胖熊周”持支持、认可的态度。故选B项。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江苏南通中学·期中）Under the open skies of the Argentine grasslands, I found myself holding tightly to the leather straps of a nervous horse on a steep hill. Luckily, Jonathan, a skilled Argentine cowboy, came to help me. With a few gentle words, he calmed the horse — showing the special bond these cowboys have with their animals. These Argentinecowboys used to live freely, wandering across the wide grasslands. But their traditional lifestyle is slowly disappearing. “Sadly, the gaucho way of life is disappearing because of modern society and machines doing most farm work,” said Kevin Begg, who is not a gaucho himself. “Real gachos are difficult to find today.” Kevin’s family has owned a big local farm for four generations. Now, much of his money comes from tourists who visit his farm. People come to ride one of his more than 100 special horses and drink some Malbec wine on the shady porch (门廊) of his 250-year-old farmhouse. Dressed in traditional gaucho clothes Kevin shows his strong wish to keep the past alive. During my visit to Kevin’s farm, I went inside his old house. Every part of the house, with its old wooden furniture and faded carpets, brings back stories from long ago. “Be careful there,” Kevin warned me as I approached tripped over a door frame. “That has caused more accidents than the horses. But this house has never been changed, and I won’t change a thing.” As time passes and generations change, I wonder how much of the real gaucho culture will remain. There’s a real danger that it might one day disappear completely, like the dust kicked up by their running horses. But because of people like Kevin, this way of life will be more than just something for tourists to see. Beyond the old bricks and worn carpets, Kevin’s farm protects a small but important piece of Argentina’s history. 1.What happened to the author in the first paragraph? A. She was lost in the grasslands. B. She was taught by a cowboy. C. She was having trouble with a horse. D. She was hurt while riding a horse. 2.What is a characteristic of gauchos according to Kevin? A. Using modern farming methods. B. A lifestyle that is disappearing. C. Earning less money than before. D. Growing tourism business. 3.Why does the author mention her experience in Kevin’s house? A. To share stories about each object in the house. B. To point out the dangers of an old house. C. To show how Kevin manages the farm. D. To prove Kevin’s effort to keep the tradition. 4.What is the author’s attitude toward the future of gaucho culture? A. Worried but hopeful. B. Curious but cautious. C. Doubtful but understanding. D. Positive but critical. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在阿根廷草原上与马的经历，以及通过访问当地农场主Kevin Begg的农场，了解到高乔人传统生活方式的逐渐消失和Kevin为保护这种文化所做的努力，最后作者对高乔文化的未来表达了担忧但充满希望的态度。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Under the open skies of the Argentine grasslands, I found myself holding tightly to the leather straps of a nervous horse on a steep hill. Luckily, Jonathan, a skilled Argentine cowboy, came to help me. (在阿根廷草原开阔的天空下，我发现自己在陡峭的山坡上紧紧抓住一匹紧张的马的皮缰绳。幸运的是，一位技艺高超的阿根廷牛仔乔纳森来帮助了我)”可知，作者在第一段中遇到了一匹紧张不安的马，自己难以控制，幸好得到了牛仔的帮助。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中Kevin Begg所说的话“Sadly, the gaucho way of life is disappearing because of modern society and machines doing most farm work (遗憾的是，由于现代社会和机器承担了大部分农活，高乔人的生活方式正在消失)”可知，Kevin认为高乔人的生活方式正在逐渐消失。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Dressed in traditional gaucho clothes Kevin shows his strong wish to keep the past alive. (凯文穿着传统的高乔人服装，表现出他对保持过去活力的强烈愿望)”和第三段中““Be careful there,” Kevin warned me as I approached tripped over a door frame. “That has caused more accidents than the horses. But this house has never been changed, and I won’t change a thing.”(“小心那里，”当我走近被门框绊倒时，凯文警告我。“这比马造成的事故还多。但这所房子从未改变过，我也不会改变任何东西。”)”可知，作者提到自己在Kevin家中的经历，是为了展示Kevin对传统生活的坚持和保护，即使面对危险和不便，也不愿改变家中的任何东西。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As time passes and generations change, I wonder how much of the real gaucho culture will remain. There’s a real danger that it might one day disappear completely, like the dust kicked up by their running horses. But because of people like Kevin, this way of life will be more than just something for tourists to see. (随着时间的流逝和代际的更替，我想知道真正的高乔文化还能保留多少。确实存在一种危险，那就是它有一天可能会像被奔跑的马扬起的尘土一样完全消失。但是因为有了像凯文这样的人，这种生活方式将不仅仅是供游客参观的东西)”可知，作者对高乔文化的未来感到担忧，担心它会消失，但同时也对像Kevin这样努力保护和传承文化的人感到希望。故选A项。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江苏锡山高中学·期中）Are you a short video app user? Chances are that you’re more familiar with 15-second sped-up clips of songs than with the original tracks themselves. This trend has been evident on social media platforms, notably Douyin and TikTok, where creators boost the rhythm by 25-30 percent to match short viral videos featuring dances or other themes. These altered versions have even pushed some musicians to the top of official singles charts (排行榜). As a Radio Anthems host told the BBC, although sped-up versions of songs can help artists go viral, that initial success may not last. This isn’t just about music. Social media users also accelerate podcasts, movies, etc. for quicker consumption. The sped-up mode provides a faster way to achieve the dopamine (多巴胺) rush that social media aims to spark, leading to addiction and influencing our actions. While it seems efficient, speeding up content has significant disadvantages. “So many people worked hard making specific decisions about pacing, lighting, timing and music, and speeding that all up just ruins it,” a Reddit user commented. Another user also mentioned that if someone consumes content this way, their viewpoint of the movie or the song is not valid (合理的). It seems that people speed up content not because they enjoy movies and songs but rather simply to complete the action of “watching” and “listening”. It’s as if they’re telling the creators: “I don’t have the patience to care about all the detailed design and subtle emotions you put into the work.” All they want is a quick general idea of “what’s going on” and a feeling of “wow, I just consumed another piece of information”. Evidently, this approach weakens creators’ efforts and erodes people’s patience. However, people often fail to realize that this also destroys their patience with life. Beginning with sped-up songs and movies, it gradually creeps into daily life. A Chinese netizen once shared, “I found myself becoming impatient with doing research for my work or preparing for a test,” highlighting how this habit extends to longer-term tasks. We already live in a fast-paced society, yet we still try to speed it up in every aspect. What’s the rush? Some things should not be sped up, like our patience for beauty and hard work. 1.What might be a possible result of sped-up song versions on social media? A. They boost the popularity of original songs. B. They lead musicians to top official singles charts. C. They decrease the consumption of short videos. D. They help musicians maintain long-term success. 2.From Reddit users’ perspectives, what impact does speeding up content have? A. It reduces audience’s appreciation level of art. B. It enhances the dopamine rush for better mood. C. It offers a more effective way to grasp the content. D. It damages media’s works and devalues consumers’ views. 3.What does the underlined word “erodes” mean in Paragraph 5? A. Tests out. B. Wears away. C. Smooths out. D. Calls for. 4.What is the author’s attitude towards the trend of speeding up content on social media? A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Objective. D. Unclear. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了社交媒体上“内容加速”趋势及其影响。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“These altered versions have even pushed some musicians to the top of official singles charts.(这些修改后的版本甚至将一些音乐家推上了官方单曲排行榜的榜首。)”可知，社交媒体上加速版歌曲可能带来的结果是使音乐家登上官方单曲排行榜榜首。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“So many people worked hard making specific decisions about pacing, lighting, timing and music, and speeding that all up just ruins it.(这么多人努力在节奏、灯光、时机和音乐方面做出具体决定，而加速这一切只会毁了它。)”以及“Another user also mentioned that if someone consumes content this way, their viewpoint of the movie or the song is not valid.(另一位用户也提到，如果有人以这种方式消费内容，他们对电影或歌曲的观点是不合理的。)”可知，从Reddit用户的角度来看，加速内容会损害媒体的作品并降低消费者的观点价值。故选D。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据上文“Evidently, this approach weakens creators’ efforts(显然，这种方式会削弱创作者的付出)”和下文“However, people often fail to realize that this also destroys their patience with life.(但人们往往没有意识到，这同样会毁掉他们对生活的耐心。)”可知，加速内容这种做法会侵蚀人们的耐心，由此可知，erodes意为“削弱；侵蚀”，选项B“Wears away”的意思与“erodes”相近，符合题意。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We already live in a fast-paced society, yet we still try to speed it up in every aspect. What’s the rush? Some things should not be sped up, like our patience for beauty and hard work.(我们已经生活在一个快节奏的社会中，但我们仍然试图在各个方面加快速度。急什么呢？有些事情不应该加速，比如我们对美和努力的耐心。)”可知，作者对社交媒体上加速内容的趋势持否定态度，认为有些事情不应该加速。故选A。 Passage 3 （25-26高一上·江苏苏州中学·期中）Imagine the richest people in the world. Instead of private jets or diamond rings, they show off something else: their completely empty schedule. This is the new reality. In an age flooded with smartphones and endless information, a new kind of luxury (奢侈) is emerging — the luxury of uninterrupted, freely available time. In the past, people displayed success through expensive watches, and designer clothes. This was known as “conspicuous consumption (消费)” — a way of saying, “Look what I can afford.” Now, a new status symbol is taking over. It’s not about what you own, but what you can ignore. Being able to turn off all phone notifications (通知), or spending a whole afternoon lost in a novel. This group is being called the “Time Millionaires.” Their real wealth is not money, but an abundance of (大量) time that belongs entirely to them. The root of this change is the “Attention Economy.” Every social media app you use for free isn’t really free. You and your attention are the product being sold. Companies design addictive (令人上瘾的) features, using endless videos and notifications to fight for every second of your focus. As a result, most of our time and attention are cut into tiny pieces. We always feel “busy,” yet often feel we haven’t accomplished anything meaningful. It’s as if our time no longer belongs to us. In this environment, those who take back control of their time stand out. They usually manage it in one of two ways: 1．They are financially wealthy enough to use money to solve problems that consume time. 2．They are highly intentional about their lives, actively choosing a “Digital Minimalist” lifestyle and bravely saying “no” to digital distractions (分心之物). This leads to a crucial question: Is this creating a new form of social inequality? On one side are the “Time Rich.” They have high-quality time to invest in deep thinking, learning new skills, and building relationships. This leads to better mental health. On the other side are the “Time Poor.” They might be stuck in jobs that require constant availability, or trapped in a cycle of algorithm-fed (算法推送的) entertainment. Their time is filled, but they may feel empty and anxious inside. At the heart is a debate: is it fair? Some argue that embracing digital minimalism (极简主义) is a positive choice available to everyone. It’s not about money, but self-discipline. Turning off unnecessary notifications or setting “phone-free” hours costs nothing. This perspective encourages personal responsibility. Others hold that the ability to disconnect is itself a privilege (特权). Consider a single parent working two jobs — can they afford to “ignore” a work message? For them, being “offline” could mean losing income or connections. Promoting digital minimalism as a one-size-fits-all solution might ignore these harsh (残酷) realities. The concept of the “Time Millionaire” reflects one of the deepest conflicts of our time. While technology promises efficiency, we often feel poorer than ever in time. It asks each of us: Are you the master of your time, or its slave? 1.What can be inferred from the passage about the “Digital Minimalist” lifestyle? A. It requires completely giving up all digital devices. B. It is expensive to maintain this lifestyle. C. It involves conscious choices to limit digital distractions. D. It is only adopted by those who are financially wealthy. 2.The word “conspicuous” in paragraph 2 most likely means ______. A. hidden and private B. wasteful and meaningless C. obvious and noticeable D. practical and important 3.Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A. The dangers of social media addiction and algorithms. B. The conflict between time ownership and attention economy. C. A guide to achieving wealth through time management. D. The importance of digital minimalism for mental health. 4.What is the author’s attitude toward the argument that digital minimalism is a one-size-fits-all solution? A. Strongly supportive B. completely neutral (中立的) C. Doubtful and critical D. Unclear and confused 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了在信息爆炸的时代，拥有自由支配的时间成为新的奢侈，并探讨了“时间富翁”与“时间穷人”之间的社会不平等现象，以及数字极简主义是否适用于所有人的争议。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They are highly intentional about their lives, actively choosing a “Digital Minimalist” lifestyle and bravely saying “no” to digital distractions (分心之物).(他们对生活有高度的自主性，积极选择‘数字极简主义’生活方式，并勇敢地对数字干扰说‘不’。)”可知，“数字极简主义”生活方式的核心是“主动选择限制数字干扰”。故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“In the past, people displayed success through expensive watches, and designer clothes. This was known as “conspicuous consumption (消费)” — a way of saying, “Look what I can afford.”(过去，人们通过昂贵的手表和名牌服装来展示成功。这被称为conspicuou‘消费’——一种传递‘我买得起我想要的东西’的方式。)”可知，表明“我买得起我想要的东西”的消费应该是“明显的、引人注目的”消费。所以“conspicuous”意为“明显的、引人注目的”。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“In an age flooded with smartphones and endless information, a new kind of luxury (奢侈) is emerging — the luxury of uninterrupted, freely available time.In an age flooded with smartphones and endless information, a new kind of luxury is emerging — the luxury of uninterrupted, freely available time.(在智能手机和海量信息充斥的时代，一种新型奢侈品正在兴起——那就是不受干扰、可自由支配的时间。)”，第四段中的“The root of this change is the “Attention Economy.”(这一变化的根源在于“注意力经济”。)”以及“As a result, most of our time and attention are cut into tiny pieces.(结果就是，我们的大部分时间和注意力被切割成碎片。)”，以及后文围绕“时间百万富翁如何夺回时间控制权”“数字极简主义引发的公平争议”等内容可知，全文核心围绕“人们对时间的掌控权”与“注意力经济”之间的矛盾展开。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Others hold that the ability to disconnect is itself a privilege (特权). Consider a single parent working two jobs — can they afford to “ignore” a work message? For them, being “offline” could mean losing income or connections. Promoting digital minimalism as a one-size-fits-all solution might ignore these harsh (残酷) realities.(另一些人认为，断开连接的能力本身就是一种特权。想想一个打两份工的单亲父母——他们能‘忽略’工作信息吗？对他们来说，‘离线’可能意味着失去收入或工作机会。将数字极简主义推广为一种万能解决方案可能忽略了这些残酷的现实。)”可知，作者引用这些观点，暗示数字极简主义并非适用于所有人，对其作为“万能解决方案”的说法持怀疑和批判态度。故选C项。 主题语境02 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高一上·江苏南京大学附中·期中）We all want to give our kids the best possible advice, but when it comes to what path they should explore after education and what career possibilities are out there, where should we start? “For parents, the most important thing is to keep options open and to understand that equipping them with life skills are important,” says secondary school teacher David Earl. Your kid will probably have some idea of the terms “growth” and “fixed mindset”. Simply put, the central idea of the growth mindset (思维模式) is that intelligence (智力) and ability can be developed, and children who have this idea will try to seek opportunities to push themselves, understanding that they are likely to achieve what they want if they persevere. This challenges a fixed mindset, the idea that a child’s ability is limited and set in advance. Help your kid prepare for closed doors, tough interviews, rejection letters by encouraging them to embrace them and understand that none of them is failure. Remind them of things they’ve overcome, suggesting they view every negative experience as a chance to learn and grow, rather than an end point. Employers lay stress on all kinds of life skills, including problem-solving, leadership and creative thinking. So getting your children to think about those skills is helpful. Barclays LifeSkills has listed skills important for individuals in their future careers — communicating through videos and audio, rather than writing, and working with people from different generations and backgrounds. Good grades and passing examinations may seem like the most important thing to your kid right now, but try to encourage them to also think of longer-term goals. By thinking of a long-term goal, you may be able to find areas they need to improve. Thinking about the future can be challenging, but it’s important that your kid understands that the next step is just that one small step. It doesn’t have to be anything as huge as what career to pursue or which course to take. This is a team effort: Ask teachers, friends, or turn to experts for tips. 1.What does the growth mindset stress? A. A child’s ability can be improved. B. Success comes only from good grades. C. One’s intelligence stays unchanged. D. Children should avoid challenges to succeed. 2.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “embrace” in Paragraph 4? A. Ignore. B. Measure. C. Perform. D. Accept. 3.Which of the following might the writer agree with? A. Children should consider long-term goals instead of good grades. B. It’s parents’ responsibility to choose their children’ future careers. C. It’s a life skill to get along with people from different backgrounds. D. Children should be independent of their parents as early as possible. 4.Who is the above passage mainly intended for? A. Children. B. Parents. C. Employers. D. Teachers. 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了父母应如何帮助孩子培养成长心态，面对未来的挑战，以及重视生活技能，鼓励孩子思考长期目标。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Simply put, the central idea of the growth mindset (思维模式) is that intelligence (智力) and ability can be developed, and children who have this idea will try to seek opportunities to push themselves, understanding that they are likely to achieve what they want if they persevere.(简而言之，成长心态的核心思想是智力和能力是可以培养的，有这种想法的孩子会努力寻找机会来推动自己，他们明白如果他们坚持不懈，就有可能实现他们的目标)”可知，成长心态强调的是孩子的能力是可以提高的。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。划线词embrace后代词“them”指代上文中的“closed doors, tough interviews, rejection letters (闭门羹、艰难的面试和拒绝信)”，结合下文“understand that none of them is failure”和“suggesting they view every negative experience as a chance to learn and grow, rather than an end point.(建议他们把每一次负面的经历都看作是一个学习和成长的机会，而不是终点)”可知，文中提出要让孩子们正确看待“闭门羹、艰难的面试和拒绝信”之类的负面经历，不要把它们看作是失败，要看作是一次成长的机会，即要接受负面经历。故画线词embrace意思应accept相近，意为“接受”。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Barclays LifeSkills has listed skills important for individuals in their future careers — communicating through videos and audio, rather than writing, and working with people from different generations and backgrounds.(巴克莱生活技能列出了个人未来职业生涯中重要的技能——通过视频和音频进行交流，而不是写作，以及与来自不同年代和背景的人合作)”可知，作者会赞同与来自不同背景的人相处是一种生活技能。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中“We all want to give our kids the best possible advice, but when it comes to what path they should explore after education and what career possibilities are out there, where should we start?(我们都想给孩子最好的建议，但当涉及到他们受教育后应该探索什么道路，以及有什么职业可能性时，我们应该从哪里开始呢？)”以及第二段中“For parents, the most important thing is to keep options open and to understand that equipping them with life skills are important(对父母来说，最重要的是保持选择的开放性，并理解为他们配备生活技能很重要)”可推知，这篇文章主要是为父母写的。故选B项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $