内容正文:
八上Unit 2 知识点
1. 八上必考之can / could
考向一:Could you please do sth?你能做某事吗?
(否定:Could you please not do sth?你能不做某事吗?)
肯定回答:Sure/Certainly/Of course
No problem./ With pleasure.
否定回答:Sorry, I can’t. I have to····
I’m afraid I can’t. I have to···
例1:Could you please make your bed?
你能整理一下你的床铺吗?
例2: ---Could you please water the flowers?
你能浇花吗?(拓展:water the plants浇植物)
---Sorry I can’t. I’m going to sweep the floor.
对不起,我不能。我将要去扫地。
例3: My car is broken. Could you please give me a lift? 我的汽车坏了,你能捎我一程吗?
考向二: Can I···?/May I···?/Could I···?我能···?
肯定回答:Yes, you can. 否定回答:No, you can’t.
例1:---Could I borrow your bike? 我能借一下你的自行车吗?---Sorry, you can’t. I’m going to ride it to work.对不起,你不能,我将要骑着它去上班。
考向三:was/were able to=could 能(过去时)
am/is/are able to=can能(现在时)
例1:Tom could play the violin when he was young.当汤姆小的时候,他能拉小提琴。(can-could能)
例2:Mr. Huo was able to hang out with his friends at the age of six.=Mr. Huo could hang out with his friends at the age of six.
霍老师在6岁的时候能够跟朋友闲逛。
考向四: 情态动词后+动词原形!
例1: We can eat dinner in a restaurant if you like.如果你喜欢,我们可以在餐厅吃晚餐。
例2:Last year, Mr. Huo could do a good job in the
talent show.去年,霍老师能够在才艺秀中做得很好。
例3:I can’t wait to show them our new house.
=I can’t wait to show our new house to them.
我迫不及待地展示给他们看我的新房子。
例4:Mr. Huo’s kindness can make me feel at home.霍老师的善良能让我感到宾至如归。
考向五(语气强弱): might< may< can(could) < must
(注意:might表达最不确定的,语气最清浅的可能与推测。
must表达最肯定的,语气最强烈的可能与推测。)
例1:Mr. Huo isn’t at home. He might be in the library now.霍老师不在家,他现在可能在图书馆。(可能性极低,语气极不确定)
例2:That luggage must be Mr. Huo’ s. It has his name on it.那件行李一定是霍老师的,上面有他的名字。
考向六: mustn’t禁止(表达对违法乱纪等行为的严厉禁止)
例句:You mustn’t smoke here.你在这儿禁止吸烟。
考向七: Must I···?我必须··?Need I···?我需要··?
肯定回答:Yes, you must.是的,你必须。
否定回答: No, you needn’t.=No, you don’t have to.
不,你不必。
例句: ---Must I clean up the bathroom right away?
我必须立即打扫浴室吗?
---Yes, you must./No, you needn’t.
是的,你必须。 不,你不必。
考向八: had better (not) do sth最好(不)做某事。
例句: You had better grow flowers on the balcony.
你最好在阳台种花。
2. 八上必考之 pack up
①pack up things=pack things up打包东西
②pack it up把它打包 pack them up把它们打包
例1:Mr. Huo packed up all the clothes just now. =Mr. Huo packed all the clothes up just now.
霍老师刚才打包了所有的衣服。
例2: There is some food left on the plate. Please pack it up盘子里有一些剩的食物,请把它打包。
3. 八上必考之feed
①feed---fed喂养(动) ②feed on:以···为食
③feed+食物 to 人:把某物喂给某人
=feed 人 with食物= feed 人 on食物
例1:Mr. Huo fed the fish every day last year.
霍老师去年天天喂鱼。
例2:He feeds the dog with meat.=He feeds the dog on meat.=He feeds meat to the dog.
他用肉喂狗。
例3:Cows and horses feed on grass.牛和马以草为食。
4. 八上必考之hang
①hang up photos=hang photos up
挂照片(hang-hung)
hang up挂断电话 ②hang out闲逛
③hang it up把它挂起来 hang them up 把它们挂起来
例1:Mr. Huo took off his coat and hung it up.
霍老师脱下他的外衣,同时把它挂了起来。
例2:Mr. Huo said goodbye and hung up.
霍老师说了再见,同时挂了电话。
5. 八上必考之sort
①sort things into boxes 把东西分类装进箱子(动词)
②sort种类(名词)=kind=type
例1:If you want to sort things into boxes, you’d better put them in order.如果你想把东西分类装进箱子里,你最好先把它们按顺序整理好。
例2:What sort of music do you like? =What kind of music do you like?你喜欢什么种类的音乐?
6. 八上必考之invite
①invite邀请(动) an invitation 一个邀请(名)
②invite sb to+地点 : 邀请某人去某地
③invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去干某事
例1:Mr. Huo invited his friends to the new house.
霍老师邀请他的朋友们去了新家。
例2:Guess what!Our headmaster will invite a scientist to give us a speech.你猜怎么着了!我们的校长将邀请一个科学家来给我们做个演讲。
7. 八上必考之 keep
①keep fish in the living room在客厅里养鱼
②keep sheep养绵羊 ③keep quiet保持安静
④keep the book for two weeks借书长达两周
⑤keep the rules=follow the rules遵守规则
⑥keep the classroom clean and tidy
保持教室干净整洁
例1:Mr. Huo likes keeping fish in the living room.霍老师喜欢在客厅里养鱼。
例2:We must keep the classroom clean and tidy.我们必须保持教室的整洁干净。
例3:You can keep the book for two weeks.
你可以借这本书,长达两周。
例4:Everyone must keep the rules.= Everyone must follow the rules.每个人都必须遵守规则。
例5:We must keep quiet in class.
在课堂上我们必须保持安静。
8. 八上必考之“双宾语”
①show sb sth= show sth to sb展示给某人看某物
②give sb sth=give sth to sb给某人某物(give-gave)
③offer sb sth=offer sth to sb提供给某人某物
④send sb sth=send sth to sb发送给某人某物(send-sent)
⑤sell sb sth=sell sth to sb卖给某人某物(sell-sold)
⑥buy sb sth=buy sth for sb买给某人某物(buy-bought)
例1:Please show me your scissors and the paper cuts.=Please show your scissors and the paper cuts to me.请展示给我看你的剪刀和剪纸。
例2:Why not buy biscuits for Mr. Huo?=Why not buy Mr. Huo biscuits?为什么不给霍老师买饼干呢?
9. 八上必考之arrival
①arrive at+小地方:到达某地(学校或车站等)------动词
②arrive in+大地方:到达某地(区县或城市等)------动词
③arrival到达(名词)Mr. Huo’s arrival 霍老师的到来
the arrival of sb/sth 某人/某物的到来
④get to + 地点=reach+地点:到达某地
⑤arrive home=get home=reach home到家
⑥arrive there=get there =reach there
到那里(同理here)
例1:We need to get ready for their arrival.
我们需要为他们的到来做准备。
例2:The arrival of the famous writer made the bookstore crowded.
这位著名作家的到来,让书店变得很拥挤。
例3:Mr. Huo’s arrival at the party surprised everyone. 霍先生的到来让聚会的每个人都很惊讶。
例4:Your arrival brings the joy to us.你的到来给我们带来了欢乐。(joy=happiness幸福;快乐)
10. 八上必考之for sb to do sth
①It’s+形容词 for sb to do sth:对某人来说做某事是···的
It’s easy for sb to do sth做某事对某人来说很容易
It’s difficult for sb to do sth做某事对某人来说很难
②名词+ for sb to do sth:对某人来说做某事是···
a good way for sb to do sth:对某人来说,去做某事是一个好方式
例1:I bought a watch for my grandpa to see the time.=I bought my grandpa a watch to see the time.我给我爷爷买了一块表来看时间。
例2:He raised his voice for the children to hear clearly.他提高了嗓门,以便使孩子们能听清楚。
例3:It’s a good way for us to learn English well.
对我们来说,这是一个学好英语的好方法。
例4:It’s difficult to open the door.很难开门。
例5: It’s important for us to eat a lot of vegetables every day.
对我们来说,每天吃大量蔬菜是重要的。
11. 八上必考之No problem
①No problem.没问题
②No problem.不客气(回答Thank you的)= You are welcome=Not at all
例1:---Could you please post the letter for me? 你能帮我寄这封信吗?---No problem.没问题。
例2:---Thank you very much. 谢谢你。
---No problem.不客气。
12. 八上必考之add
①add sth to sth把···加入···(动词)
②add to 使增加(动词)③add up to 总计;总共(动词)
例1:---Why not add things to their room?为什么不给他们房间添置物品呢?--- Good idea.好主意。
例2:Remember to add some honey.记得加些蜂蜜。
例3:All the costs add up to 1000 dollars.
所有费用加起来1000美元。
13. 八上必考之buy/sell
①buy sb sth=buy sth for sb买给某人某物(buy-bought)
②sell sb sth= sell sth to sb卖给某人某物(sell-sold)
例句:I went shopping and bought something for my parents.我去购物了,同时为我父母买了一些东西。
(注意:go shopping=do some shopping去购物)
14. 八上必考之borrow/lend
①lend sb sth=lend sth to sb把某物借出给某人(lend-lent)
②borrow sth from sb/sp:从某人或某处,借进某物
例1:Mr. Huo borrowed a chess set from the headmaster.霍老师从校长那儿借进一副国际象棋。
例2:The headmaster lent a chess set to Mr. Huo.=The headmaster lent Mr. Huo a chess set.
校长借出给霍老师一副国际象棋。
15. 八上必考之plan
①plan to do sth计划做某事(注意:plan-planned-planning)
②make a plan to do sth=make a plan for sth
为···制定计划
例1:Mr. Huo is planning a treasure hunt.霍老师正在策划个寻宝游戏(注意:go hunting=go on a hunt去打猎)
例2:I plan to go to the dentist this afternoon.我计划今天下午去看牙医。
例3:Mr. Huo made a new plan for the summer vacation. 霍老师为暑假制定了一个新的计划。
16. 八上必考之treasure
①many art treasures许多艺术珍品(具体物件,可数名词)
②a lot of treasure大量宝藏(泛指珍宝,不可数名词)
③treasure the friendship珍惜友谊(动词)
例1:The museum has many art treasures.
这家博物馆有许多艺术珍品。
例2:They found a lot of treasure in the cave.
他们在山洞里发现了许多宝藏。
17. 八上必考之lift
①give sb a lift to+地点=give sb a ride to+地点
开车顺便送某人去某地(名词)
②take the lift乘电梯(名词)③lift sth举起某物(动词)
例1:Could you please give me a lift to the shop this afternoon?今下午,你能开车送我去商店吗?
例2:It’s on the eighth floor. Let’s take the lift.
它在八楼,咱乘电梯吧。
18. 八上必考之until
①not ···until···: 直到···才···
②until: 直到···才···
例1:Can I stay out until 11?我能在外面待到11点吗?
例2:They will stay at the space station until next Friday.他们将在空间站待到下周五。
例3:Mr. Huo didn’t go to bed until10:30 p.m. last night.霍老师直到昨天晚上10:30才睡的觉。
19. 八上必考之careful
①be careful with注意;当心(形容词)
②be careful to do sth小心做某事(形容词)
③carefully小心的(副词)
例1:---Could I use your computer?我能用一下你的电脑吗?---Yes, if you are careful with it.
可以,如果你小心一点的话。
例2:You should be careful to do your homework.
=You should do your homework carefully.
你应该仔细认真做作业。
例3:As Mr. Huo’s students, you must go to an English class and take notes carefully.作为霍老师的学生,你们必须去上英语课,同时认真记好笔记。
20. 八上必考之movie
go to the movies=go to the cinema=go to watch a movie=go to see a film去看电影
例句:Can I go to the movies?我能去看电影吗?
21. 八上必考之dead
①be dead 死了的;不运行了的(形容词)②death死(名词)
③die 死(动词)(注意: die-died-dying-dead-death)
例1:My phone is dead.我手机死机了。
例2:That old Japanese dog died 10 years ago. No one is sad for its death.
那条日本老狗10年前死的,没有人为其死亡悲哀。
22. 八上必考之community
①in the community 在社区里
②take part in the community activities
参加社区活动
例句:You and your classmates want to help clean up the community.你和你的同学们想帮助清扫社区。(注意:clean up the community=clean the community up清扫社区 clean it up把它清理干净 clean them up把它们清理干净)
23. 八上必考之ask sb to do sth
①ask sb (not) to do sth要求某人(不)去做某事
②tell sb (not) to do sth告知某人(不)去做某事
③order sb (not) to do sth命令某人(不)去做某事
④teach sb (not) to do sth教给某人(不)去做某事
例句:You should ask your classmates to bring gloves and rubbish bags.
你应该让你的同学们戴上手套和垃圾袋。
24. 八上必考之 “现在进行时表将来”
例1:We are going to your mom’s hometown.
我们要去你妈妈的家乡。
例2:They are coming back this afternoon.
他们今天下午就要回来了。
例3:Mr. Huo is leaving Shanghai for Beijing.
霍老师要离开上海去北京。
25. 八上必考之journey
①journey陆上长途旅行 ②trip陆上短途旅行
③travel旅行 ④tour短暂停留的观光游览
例1:The train journey took more than five hours.火车旅程花了5个多小时。
例2:Mr. Huo will make a long journey this vacation.这个假期霍老师要做一次长途旅行。
例3:Let’s go on a school trip this weekend.
咱们本周末去参加学校旅行吧。
26. 八上必考之at the end of
①first=at first=in the beginning=at the beginning of起初
②finally=at last=in the end=at the end of最终
例1: At the end of the road, I saw them standing in the cold wind waiting for us.
在路的尽头,我看到他们站在寒风中等我们。
例2:We will have an exam at the end of this month.本月末,我们将考试。
27. 八上必考之see sb doing sth
①see sb doing sth看见某人正做某事(正在进行)
②see sb do sth看见某人做了某事(全过程或经常发生)
③hear sb doing sth听见某人正做某事(正在进行)
④hear sb do sth听见某人做了某事(全过程或经常发生)
⑤notice sb doing sth注意到某人正做某事(正在进行)
⑥notice sb do sth注意到某人做了某事(全过程或经常发生)
例1:I see Mr. Huo cleaning the classroom.
我看到霍老师正在打扫教室。
例2:I often see Mr. Huo draw pictures.
我经常看到霍老师画画。
28. 八上必考之pull
①pull 拉(动词) ②push 推(动词)
③pull···into···把···拉进···里
④pull···out of···把···从···中拖拽出来
例1:Grandpa helped us pull the heavy luggage into the house.外祖父帮我们把沉重的行李拉进屋子里。
例2: You can pull the book out of the shelf if you need it.如果你需要这本书,你可以从书架上把它拽出来。
例3:Please pull the door. Don’t push it.
请拉门不要推门。
29. 八上必考之busy
①be busy doing sth忙于···
②be busy with sth忙于···
例1:My grandma, my aunt and my uncle were busy cooking dinner in the kitchen.
我的外祖母、我的舅妈和我的舅舅,正在厨房里帮忙做晚餐。
例2:Mr. Huo is busy doing the housework.
=Mr. Huo is busy with the housework.
霍老师正在忙于干家务。
30. 八上必考之while
①after a while 一小会儿后
②for a while一小会儿(时间段)
③while 当····(后面跟sb be doing sth)
④while 与此同时;然而(=but)
例1:After a while, my parents went to the kitchen to help.过了一小会儿,我的父母去厨房帮忙了。
例2:Why not rest for a while?=Why don’t you rest for a while?为什么不休息会儿呢?
例3:I like pop music, while Mr. Huo likes country music.我喜欢流行音乐,然而霍老师喜欢乡村音乐。
例4: My mother was cooking while I was doing homework.当我正在做作业的时候,我母亲正在烹饪。
31. 八上必考之share with
share sth with sb把某物与某人分享
例1:I shared the snacks with my cousin and told grandpa (things) about school.
我和表弟分享零食,并告诉外祖父关于学校的一些情况。
例2:The kind boy was happy to share his food with the hungry man.
这个善良的男孩,很开心地与饥民分享他的食物。
例3:I want to share my ideas with you.= I would like to share my opinions with you.= I’d like to share my views with you.= I want to share my thoughts with you.我想跟你分享一下我的看法。
32. 八上必考之set
①set the table=lay the table摆放餐具
②set up创办 ; 建立 ③set off=set out启程
④a set of keys一串钥匙(整体单数)
例1:You can set the table=You can lay the table.
你可以摆餐具。
例2:Could you please set the table for dinner?
摆一下餐具,开饭好吗?
例3:Mr. Huo plans to set up a library in our town.
霍老师计划在我们镇上设立一个图书馆。
例4:We will set off tomorrow morning.=We will set out tomorrow morning.明天早上我们就启程。
例5:A set of keys is on the table.一串钥匙在桌上。
33. 八上必考之familiar
①物be familiar to人:对···是熟悉的(主语通常是物)
②人be familiar with物:熟悉某事物,通晓某事物(主语是人)
例1:It’s the familiar taste of home.
它是熟悉的家的味道啊!
例2:Mr. Huo is not familiar with her poem.
霍老师对她的诗不熟悉。
例3:The smell is very familiar to him.他很熟悉这种气味。
34. 八上必考之joke
①tell jokes讲笑话=tell a joke
②play a joke on sb开某人的玩笑
例1:During the dinner, my uncle told us some jokes and we had a good laugh.吃晚饭期间,我舅舅给我们讲了一些笑话,我们笑得很开心。(注意:have a good laugh=laugh happily笑得开心)
例2:Are you joking?Mr. Huo never jokes about money. 你在开玩笑吧,霍老师从不拿钱开玩笑。
35. 八上必考之nod
①nod-nodded-nodding点头(动词)
②nod to sb向某人点头致敬
③nod one’s head点头 ④shake one’s head摇头
例1:Several days later, my mom nodded to me with tears in her eyes when I was leaving.
几天后,当我离开的时候,我的母亲噙着泪向我点头。
例2:Please let Mr. Huo know you are listening carefully by nodding or shaking your head.
请通过点头和摇头的方式,让霍老师知道你正在认真听讲。
36. 八上必考之text
①text sb = send a text to sb给某人发短信息
②textbook课本 ③the text message短信息
例1:In the text, what words are used to describe people’s feeling.
在课文中, 人们用了哪些词语来描述人们的情感?
例2:Mr. Huo got a text message, not a letter.
霍老师收到一条短信,而不是一封信。
例3:---What are you doing? 你正在干什么?
---I’m texting Mr. Huo.=I’m sending a text to Mr. Huo. 我正在给霍老师发短信。
37. 八上必考之describe
describe sb/sth to···向···描述某人/某物
例1:---Can you describe Mr. Huo?你能描述一下霍老师吗?---- He is very humorous.他很幽默。
例2:---Can you describe him to Mr. Huo?你能向霍老师描述一下他吗?--- Yes, I can. He always moves his head up and down. 可以,他总是上下晃动他的头。
38. 八上必考之wherever
①wherever=no matter where无论在哪里
②no matter when=whenever无论何时
③no matter what =whatever无论什么
④no matter how=however无论怎样
⑤no matter who=whoever无论谁
例1:Remember we are Chinese wherever we go. 无论走到哪里我们都要记住我们是中国人。
例2:No matter how long I’m away,home is always glad to see me again.
无论我离开多久,家总是乐于再次见到我。
例3: No matter who you are,you must follow the rules.无论你是谁,你都必须遵守规则。
39. 八上必考之perhaps
①perhaps=maybe可能(放于句首)
②probably可能(放于句中,可能性较大)
例1:Perhaps it’s a plate of freshly-made biscuits
=Maybe it’s a plate of freshly-made biscuits
也许是一盘刚做的饼干。
例2:He didn’t feel well, maybe he got a cold.
他感觉不舒服,也许是感冒了。
40. 八上必考之smell
①smell-smelled(或smell-smelt) 闻起来(动词)
②a nice smell一个香味③start to smell开始发臭
例1:The food went bad and started to smell.
这些食物坏了,开始发臭了。
例3:Dinner smells good.晚饭闻起来很香。
例4:It gives off a nice smell.它散发出一种香味。
41. 八上必考之welcome
①Welcome to Zhangqiu=Welcome you to Zhangqiu欢迎来到章丘
②a welcome guest一位受欢迎的客人
③a warm welcome一个热烈的欢迎
④You’re welcome不客气
例1: ---Welcome you to China.欢迎来到中国。---Thanks. 谢谢。
例2:Mr. Huo always gives us a warm welcome.
霍老师总是给我们一个热烈的欢迎。
42. 八上必考之joy
①to one’s joy使某人高兴的是 ②with joy高兴地
例1:Mr. Huo danced with joy.霍老师高兴地跳起舞来。
例2:To his great joy,Mr. Huo accepted his invitation.让他开心的是,霍老师接受了他的邀请。
43. 八上必考之block
①an apartment block一个公寓楼
②an office block一个办公大楼
③in the block=around the block在街区
in the community在社区
④a block of wood=a big piece of wood一大块木头
⑤block the road阻碍街道(动词)
⑥block the way挡路(动词)
例1:You can find us on the first floor of an apartment block.你可以在一个公寓楼的一层找到我们。
例2:Mr. Huo took the dog for a walk around the block. 霍老师带着狗绕街区散了步。
例3:In our community, everyone is friendly and always ready to give a hand.
在我们的社区里,每个人都很友好,随时准备伸出援手。
例4:Mr. Huo picked up a block of wood and carried it inside.霍老师捡起一大块木头同时把它搬了进去。
例5:The thick clouds blocked the sunlight.
厚厚的云层挡住了阳光。
44. 八上必考之decorate
①decorate---decoration装饰
②decorate sth with sth:用···装饰···
例1:It was fun to decorate your room last month.上个月装饰你的房间很有趣。
例2:Mr. Huo decorated the room with flowers and balloons.霍老师用花和气球装饰了房间。
45. 八上必考之cover
①cover A with B : 用B来覆盖A
②A is covered with B : A被B覆盖的。
③the cover of the book书封面
例1:We want to cover the animals and paint the walls light green.我们想把动物遮盖起来,同时把墙涂浅绿色。
例2:The mountain is covered with thick snow all year round,那座山终年被厚厚的雪覆盖着。
46. 八上必考之 What do you think of···
What do you think of···? =How do you like···?
你怎么看···?
例句:What do you think of Mr. Huo?
=How do you like Mr. Huo?你怎么看霍老师?
47. 八上必考之scissors
①a pair of scissors一把剪刀②with scissors用剪刀
③生来就是复数的词:
眼镜穿着鞋袜,衣服,戴着手套,用筷子剪短了牛仔裤裤。
glasses—shoes—socks(袜子)—clothes—gloves(手套)—chopsticks(筷子)—scissors(剪刀)—shorts(短裤)—jeans(牛仔裤)—trousers(裤)—pants(裤)
例句:We can cut the paper with scissors.
我们可以用剪刀剪这张纸。
48. 八上必考之glue
①buy glue买胶水(名词)②glue sth 粘某物(动词)
例句:Mr. Huo can do many things,such as buying glue, walking the dog, making the bed, helping to cook, doing the laundry, folding the clothes, sweeping the floor, cleaning the bathroom and so on. 霍老师可以做很多事情,比如买胶水、遛狗、铺床、帮忙做饭、洗衣服、叠衣服、扫地、打扫浴室等等。
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