【周周有招】登顶班讲义第12讲Unit7 When Tomorrow Comes（写作与语法-综合讲练）2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格、四段式提纲等工具系统构建知识体系，梳理“未来生活与职业规划”写作框架，用词性转换网络整合核心词汇词族，通过语法探究与易错排雷解析条件状语从句重难点，结合推断题解题方法呈现知识内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层实战设计与方法指导创新，如条件状语从句分基础层语法填空和提升层中考真题训练，推断题用“圈转折词、绝对化词、找同义改写”三步法培养思维品质，范文语法填空提升语言能力。自检清单与课后巩固支持学生自主复习，教师可据此实施精准分层教学。

Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes 精品讲义2026秋初二（上）英语-新教材人教版 第12讲 未来生活、职业规划与条件状语从句 综合讲练（学生版） 写作与语法 ● 未来生活写作·核心词汇·条件状语从句·推断题突破 ————————————————————————————————— 【课时安排】 本讲建议用 2 课时（90 分钟）：第 1 课时走通“话题写作精读 → 核心词汇深度建构”；第 2 课时攻克“条件状语从句 → 阅读推断题 → 综合检测”，课后巩固留作当堂或课后独立完成。 【学习目标】 学完本讲，你将能： 1. 独立完成“未来生活与职业规划”话题写作，并在行文中用条件状语从句提升表达层次。 2. 熟练运用本单元核心词词族与易错搭配完成填空与写作。 3. 一眼分辨 if / unless / as long as 三类连词的语义与主将从现，绕开 unless 双重否定陷阱；用“立足原文·盯转折词·找同义改写”三招解推断题，识别绝对化选项。 【重难点】 重点： 主将从现、三类连词语义、词性转换链。 难点： if 双重身份、unless 否定陷阱、invaluable 词义、绝对化选项。 一、话题写作与文章精读 （一）写作任务 【题目】以 “My Future Life” 为题，从梦想职业开始，描述你未来生活的样子。 内容提示： ① What do you dream to be in the future? ② Why do you want to be it? ③ What will your future life be like? ④ Something more about your ideas? 四段式提纲： 段落 中心句 内容要点 第1段 My dream job is... 梦想职业 + 原因 第2段 In the future, I will... 未来生活样态 第3段 I will also... 补充想法 第4段 I am sure... 总结希望 写前先在草稿上给每段定一个中心句，别把四点揉进一段里。 【我的作文】 请按上面四段式提纲，在本讲对应话题下完成你的作文。 In the future, I dream to be ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ （二）范文语法填空 先读下面这篇范文，边读边按语境和括号提示填空——挖空处既考你读懂了什么，也考词性和时态。填完再对答案。 I dream of ____1____（become）an English teacher ____2____ I love sharing knowledge. ____3____（achieve）this, I will study ____4____（hard）and read more books. In the future, I will live in a small city and work in a ____5____（friend）school. My life will be busy ____6____ meaningful. Every day, I will help my students learn and grow. I believe ____7____（teach）can make the world better. I will also keep learning new things to be ____8____ better teacher. I will also have time ____9____（travel）and enjoy nature. I am sure my future life ____10____（be）full of hope. 【思考方向】 填完自行对照你的判断：① of 是介词，后接动词的哪个形式？② 后接完整句子表原因，用哪个连词（接句子不能用 because of）？③ 句首表目的用 to do，注意首字母大写；④ 与后面 read more books 的 more 呼应，这里暗含比较；⑤ 修饰名词 school 用形容词；⑥ busy 与 meaningful 语气相反，用表转折的连词；⑦ 动名词作主语视为单数，情态动词后接原形；⑧ 泛指“一个更好的”，用不定冠词；⑨ have time to do 是固定搭配；⑩ I am sure 后接的从句用一般将来时。 升格句型库： - I dream of becoming... because... - If I..., I will... - As long as..., I will... - Unless..., I will... - I am sure my future life will be... 写法点拨： 注意 2、6、8 三处都在考“虚词”——连词、冠词这类没有提示词的填空，靠的是把整句读顺、读懂句间关系，这正是中考语法填空的常客。 二、核心词汇·深度建构 （一）词性转换网络 这一串是本单元的核心词族。别只背“意思”，要背“变形链条”——中考的语法填空和选词填空，考的就是你把动词换成名词、形容词、副词的能力。 词根 词性变化 常考搭配 易错提醒 create creation 作品；creativity 创造力；creator 创造者；creative 有创造力的；creatively 有创造力地 create new things；think creatively 修饰动词用 creatively develop development 发展；developer 开发者；developed 发达的；developing 发展中的 develop a cold 得了感冒；develop a habit 养成习惯 develop 作“患病”是熟词生义 value valuable 宝贵的；invaluable 极宝贵的；valueless 无价值的 be valuable to；value sth. invaluable ≠ 无价值 challenge challenger 挑战者；challenging 有挑战性的 challenge sb. to sth. to 不可换 depend dependence 依赖；independence 独立；dependent 依赖的；independent 独立的 depend on；That depends. 无被动，不说 be depended on predict prediction 预测；predictable 可预测的 be predicted to do；It is predicted that... 不接双宾 take take over 接管；take up 从事；take on 承担；take off 起飞/脱下 take over a job 接职位/岗位用 over 过关小测： 1. He is a ______ (create) boy who likes to design new things. 2. Whether we can succeed ______ (depend) on how hard we work. 【点拨】 ① 修饰名词 boy 用形容词形式；② Whether 引导主语从句，作主语视为单数，谓语用第三人称单数。 （二）用法详解与易错排雷 1. creative adj. 有创造力的；creatively adv.；creativity n.；creation 作品；creator 创造者。 易错： 修饰动词时须用副词 creatively，如 He thinks creatively. 2. develop ① 发展；② 开发；③ 患（病）、出（问题）；④ 养成习惯/形成信念。 易错： 作“患病”是熟词生义——develop a cold 可不是“发展出感冒”，是“得了感冒”。 3. valuable adj. 宝贵的；贵重的。 排雷： invaluable ≠ 无价值！ 误：The book is invaluable, so it is useless.（自相矛盾） 正：invaluable＝极宝贵的；valueless＝无价值的。 4. challenge n. 挑战；质疑 v. 质疑；向……挑战。 易错： challenge sb. to sth. 中 to 不可换——challenge him to a match，介词是固定的。 5. depend 依靠；取决于。That depends. 视情况而定。 排雷： 误：Our success is depended on hard work. 正：depends on（无被动，不说 be depended on）。 6. predict / prediction 预测。be predicted to do（仅被动）。 易错： 不接双宾；“被预计”用 be predicted to do，不用 predict sb. to do。 7. take over 接管；接任。 辨析： take up 从事/占据；take on 承担；take off 起飞/脱下。接“职位/岗位”一律用 over。 词汇过关检测： 1. He is a ______ ______（有创造力的人）who can work ______（有创造力地）and show great ______（创造力）. 2. With the ______（发展）of the local economy, the experience taught us many ______（无价的）lessons. 【点拨】 ① 可数名词单数前须加 a；修饰名词用形容词、修饰动词用副词、作宾语用名词；② “无价的”与“无价值的”一正一负，别写反。 三、核心语法·条件状语从句 （一）语法探究 不急着背定义，先做三道判断题。这三句都用了条件连词，你先把它的意思“猜准”，后面讲规律才记得牢。 1. Your hair will turn blue ______ you listen to me. A. if　　B. unless　　C. as long as 2. You will grow warts ______ you listen to me. A. if　　B. unless　　C. as long as 3. ______ you listen to me, you will be fine. A. If　　B. Unless　　C. As long as 【答案】 1. ______　　2. ______　　3. ______ 【点拨】 unless＝if...not（“如果不……”），本身自带否定；as long as＝只要，强调唯一条件；if＝如果，中性假设。把 unless 换成 if...not 再读，哪句更顺？这三句都在拿你开玩笑——“只要不听话”会怎样，正是条件句该有的样子。 结论（主将从现）： 1. 主句将来时，条件从句用一般现在时表将来； 2. 从句可置于主句前或后； 3. 从句在前用逗号隔开，在后不加逗号； 4. 主句为祈使句时，从句仍用一般现在时； 5. 主句也可是“情态动词＋原形”。 错误路径演示： 误：If it will rain tomorrow, we will not go. 正：If it rains tomorrow, we will not go. （二）易错排雷 1. unless 后绝不能再加 not 误：Unless you don’t wear a helmet, you can’t ride a bike. 正：Unless you wear a helmet, you can’t ride a bike. ＝ If you don’t wear a helmet, you can’t ride a bike. 检验： 把 unless 换成 if...not 句子仍通顺，原句就对了；unless 本身已经含 not，再加就是双重否定闹笑话。 2. if 的双重身份（中考陷阱） 身份①： 宾语从句“是否”，时态随句意，可用将来时。 身份②： 状语从句“如果”，主将从现。 误：I don’t know if he comes tomorrow. 正：I don’t know if he will come tomorrow.（是否） 正：If he comes, I’ll tell you.（如果） 辨身份： if 前若是动词（know / wonder / ask），多为“是否”；放在句首或名词前，多半是“如果”。 3. as long as 与 if 的语气差异 弱：As long as it rains, we will stay at home.（语气绝对，as long as 强调“唯一条件”） 宜：If it rains, we will stay at home.（中性假设，更自然） 一句话记牢： unless 自带 not，if 要看身份，as long as 管“只要”——三个连词各管一摊，别混。 错误路径演示： 误：I don’t know if he comes tomorrow. 正：I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 误：Unless you don’t wear a helmet, you can’t ride a bike. 正：Unless you wear a helmet, you can’t ride a bike. （三）分层实战 基础层·语法填空 1. If it ______ (rain) next Sunday, we ______ (not go) for a picnic. 2. If I ______ (get) there early, I can ______ (see) the doctor soon. 【点拨】 主句将来时，条件从句用一般现在时；主句含情态动词 can 时，后接动词原形。 提升层·中考真题与模拟 1. You will miss the school bus ______ you hurry up right now. A. if　　B. unless　　C. though　　D. because 2. —I’d like to find a job in the library. —Good idea, ______ it doesn’t affect your studies. A. now that　　B. as long as　　C. as soon as　　D. even if 3. Your new product ______ better if it is advertised on TV. A. sells　　B. sold　　C. will sell　　D. would sell 4. I don’t know ______ he will come tomorrow. ______ he comes, I’ll tell you. A. if; Whether　　B. whether; Whether　　C. if; That　　D. if; If 5. We can choose to be happy if we want, ______ we can look at everything in a positive way. A. for fear that　　B. as long as　　C. in case　　D. even if 【答案】 1. ______　　2. ______　　3. ______　　4. ______　　5. ______ 【点拨】 1. 翻成“如果你不赶紧就会错过校车”，though、because 逻辑都不通；2. 上一句“好主意”暗示“只要不影响学习就行”，与“既然/一……就/即使”区分；3. 主句将来时，不能用一般现在时；4. 第一空“是否”可用将来时，第二空引导条件状语从句只能用 if，whether 不能引导条件状语从句；5. 放进“想快乐”的语境，只有“只要”说得通。 四、阅读突破·推断题 （一）解题方法 三步操作： 1. 圈出 but / however / even worse； 2. 圈出 all / never / only； 3. 找原文同义改写。 错误选项四大型： ① 绝对化（all / never / only）；② 无中生有；③ 张冠李戴；④ 以偏概全。 （二）典例精析 典例 1 · 观点态度推断｜难度：中 阅读以下段落，判断作者对“机器人护工”的态度。 But the rise of robot caregivers has also come with some questions. Many young people today are already spending too little time with their grandparents. The use of robot caregivers may make the situation even worse. From the paragraph, the author probably thinks these robot caregivers ______. A. make grandchildren visit more often B. take the place of humans completely C. bring family members closer D. lead to less care and love for the elderly 【答案】______ 【点拨】 一看到 But 和 even worse 就该警觉——作者在往哪个方向拐？哪两个选项的方向恰好相反？哪一项的 completely 过于绝对？ 典例 2 · 下文预测推断｜难度：难 阅读以下段落，猜作者接下来最可能写什么。 In the study, people found out fewer mistakes when working with the robot. So in longer work periods, especially when tasks are boring and there is much supervision（监管）, workers are probably unable to stay focused. This could be dangerous, especially in jobs where double-checking is important for safety. To understand the problem better, the scientists carried out further studies in real workplaces. What would the writer write about after the last paragraph? A. The history of robot development. B. The results of further studies in real workplaces. C. More examples of people making mistakes. D. Ways of making robots much cheaper. 【答案】______ 【点拨】 末段收尾在“建议到真实工作场所做进一步研究”——行文规律是“提出建议 → 下文讲结果”。哪一项正好接在这个话题上？ 典例 3 · 细节推理与绝对化排除｜难度：中 阅读以下段落，根据原文推断关于针灸的正确说法。 For thousands of years, the Chinese have been using acupuncture（针刺疗法）to help sick people get well. Li Ming works in front of the computer and says acupuncture really helps with her dry eyes; after more than 130 visits, her eyes have become good again. Doctor Liu Cunzhi says he has been using it to help people with Alzheimer’s disease（阿尔茨海默病）. According to a study by WHO, it is the most widely used traditional medicine practice. Between 2002 and 2012, the number of people getting acupuncture and licensed acupuncturists grew by 50% and 100% in the US. According to the passage, we can infer about acupuncture that ______. A. it is popular around the world B. it can deal with all kinds of diseases C. it was invented by a Chinese doctor D. it needs to be widely spread 【答案】______ 【点拨】 原文给了两条硬证据（WHO 认为它是最广泛使用的传统医学实践、美国接受针灸的人数十年里翻番）——能推出哪个选项？哪一项的 all kinds of 是绝对化？哪一项无中生有？ 五、综合能力检测 （一）词与短语填空（5 小题，每小题 2 分） 方框： keep　friends　prefer to　wise　adds　celebrate　（有一项多余） 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择合适的词或短语填空，使短文通顺完整。 In the future, holidays will be a time for family and ____1____ to get together. Some people ____2____ stay home for a quiet dinner, while others like going out. It is ____3____ to plan your time well. Wherever you are, you should ____4____ in touch with those you love. A short message ____5____ warmth to any future life. （二）语法填空（10 小题，每小题 1.5 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 This ____1____（live）robot dog Glotto is trying to break two Guinness World Records. One is to be the ____2____（fast）robot dog to skate 100 metres. His ____3____（own）are an elderly couple. At first they wanted a quiet robot, ____4____ then they met Glotto, who is full of energy and ____5____（play）. ____6____ he first saw people skateboarding, he got excited. His owners bought a cheap skateboard, and since then he ____7____（have）been skating every day. He had one eye removed because of ____8____（sick）. “He skates ____9____（good）than before---he feels less fear. He goes on for hours without ____10____（stop）,” said his owners. （三）翻译微写作（3 小题，每小题 5 分） 1. 除非你持续学习，否则你永远不会成为一名更好的老师。（unless） 2. 只要你敢于挑战自我，你就能发展出新技能。（as long as; challenge; develop） 3. 没有人能对未来的职业发展做出准确的预测。（prediction; accurate） 【我的译文】 1. ______________________________________ 2. ______________________________________ 3. ______________________________________ 【踩分提醒】 1. unless 从句 2 分；主将从现 2 分；无双重否定 1 分。 2. as long as 句首 2 分；反身代词 2 分；原形 1 分。 3. make a prediction 固定搭配 2 分；accurate 位置 2 分；主谓一致 1 分。 六、课后巩固 以下三组练习为本讲新编材料，主题与本讲一致、不重复课上原题。课后独立完成，对照解析自纠。 （一）语法填空（10 小题，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Nobody can make an accurate ____1____（predict）about our city in 2050. However, the future ____2____（depend）on what we do today. ____3____ we keep wasting energy, our city will face problems. ____4____ we act now, the air will become worse. ____5____　____　____ everyone plays a part, we will build a greener home. Scientists are ____6____（develop）new clean energy, and ____7____（create）engineers are designing smart buildings. These ideas are ____8____（value）to the city. Robots may ____9____　____ dangerous jobs, ____10____ they will never replace human kindness. （二）阅读理解·推断题（4 小题，满分 8 分） 阅读下面短文，回答第 1～4 题。 Will robots take your future job? Machines are good at repeating the same action millions of times without getting bored, so jobs like checking products in a factory may disappear. However, jobs that need real care and creative thinking are much harder to replace. For example, teachers, nurses and designers are still in great need. Schools are now teaching students to ask better questions, because asking good questions is a key skill for the future. 1. What is the writer’s attitude towards robots taking human jobs? A. Robots will replace all human workers soon. B. Robots are helpful but cannot replace care and creativity. C. Robots should be kept away from classrooms. D. Robots do more harm than good. 2. What will the writer most probably discuss next? A. How a robot marks exam papers. B. Why school children feel sad. C. The history of factory work. D. Examples of the new teaching methods in schools. 3. The underlined word “disappear” probably means ______. A. go out of existence B. come into being C. stay the same D. become better 4. Which of the following jobs is most likely to be replaced by robots? A. A teacher. B. A nurse. C. A factory worker checking products. D. A designer. 【答案】 1. ______　　2. ______　　3. ______　　4. ______ 【点拨】 1. However 之后是关键——“需要真正关怀和创造性思维的工作更难被取代”。哪一项的 all 太绝对，且与 However 的转折矛盾？哪两项在文中没有依据？ 2. 末段抛出“学校正在教学生提出更好的问题”这个新做法，顺着它往下自然是讲什么？哪一项正好衔接？ 3. 前文说机器擅长重复动作，于是“像工厂检查产品这类工作可能消失”，即“不再存在”。哪一项与它相反，是“出现”？ 4. 原文直说“像工厂检查产品这类工作可能消失”。哪一类工作首当其冲？哪几类被明确列为“更难被替代”？ （三）翻译微写作（3 小题，每小题 5 分） 1. 除非你现在采取行动，否则十年后空气污染会变得更加严重。（unless） 2. 只要你坚持练习口语，你的英语表达就会越来越流利。（as long as） 3. 机器人也许能接管危险的工作，但永远不会取代真正的关怀。（take over） 【我的译文】 1. ______________________________________ 2. ______________________________________ 3. ______________________________________ 【踩分提醒】 1. unless 从句 2 分；主将从现 2 分；无双重否定 1 分。 2. as long as 句首 2 分；keep＋动名词 2 分；比较级 1 分。 3. take over 短语 2 分；转折 but 2 分；never 表意 1 分。 【本讲自检清单】 学完本讲，你能带走—— □ 条件句主将从现：主句将来时，从句用一般现在时； □ 三个连词各管一摊：unless 自带 not，if 看身份，as long as 管“只要”； □ 推断题排除依据：绝对化（all / never / only）、无中生有、张冠李戴、以偏概全。 自检：做完本讲练习，你能一眼说出每题错误选项的“排除依据”吗？能，本讲就过关了。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes 精品讲义2026秋初二（上）英语-新教材人教版 第12讲 未来生活、职业规划与条件状语从句 综合讲练（教师版） 写作与语法 ● 未来生活写作·核心词汇·条件状语从句·推断题突破 ————————————————————————————————— 【课时安排】 本讲建议用 2 课时（90 分钟）：第 1 课时走通“话题写作精读 → 核心词汇深度建构”；第 2 课时攻克“条件状语从句 → 阅读推断题 → 综合检测”，课后巩固留作当堂或课后独立完成。 【学习目标】 学完本讲，你将能： 1. 独立完成“未来生活与职业规划”话题写作，并在行文中用条件状语从句提升表达层次。 2. 熟练运用本单元核心词词族与易错搭配完成填空与写作。 3. 一眼分辨 if / unless / as long as 三类连词的语义与主将从现，绕开 unless 双重否定陷阱；用“立足原文·盯转折词·找同义改写”三招解推断题，识别绝对化选项。 【重难点】 重点： 主将从现、三类连词语义、词性转换链。 难点： if 双重身份、unless 否定陷阱、invaluable 词义、绝对化选项。 一、话题写作与文章精读 （一）写作任务 【题目】以 “My Future Life” 为题，从梦想职业开始，描述你未来生活的样子。 内容提示： ① What do you dream to be in the future? ② Why do you want to be it? ③ What will your future life be like? ④ Something more about your ideas? 四段式提纲： 段落 中心句 内容要点 第1段 My dream job is... 梦想职业 + 原因 第2段 In the future, I will... 未来生活样态 第3段 I will also... 补充想法 第4段 I am sure... 总结希望 写前先在草稿上给每段定一个中心句，别把四点揉进一段里。 （二）范文语法填空 先读下面这篇范文，边读边按语境和括号提示填空——挖空处既考你读懂了什么，也考词性和时态。填完再对答案。 I dream of ____1____（become）an English teacher ____2____ I love sharing knowledge. ____3____（achieve）this, I will study ____4____（hard）and read more books. In the future, I will live in a small city and work in a ____5____（friend）school. My life will be busy ____6____ meaningful. Every day, I will help my students learn and grow. I believe ____7____（teach）can make the world better. I will also keep learning new things to be ____8____ better teacher. I will also have time ____9____（travel）and enjoy nature. I am sure my future life ____10____（be）full of hope. 答案与解析 1. becoming　介词后接动名词，dream of doing sth. 固定搭配。 2. because　后接一个完整的句子，表原因；接句子就不能用 because of。 3. To achieve　不定式作目的状语放句首，首字母大写，表“为了实现这个目标”。 4. harder　与后文 read more books 的 more 呼应——“读更多书、更用功”，暗含比较。 5. friendly　形容词修饰 school；friend 的形容词就是 friendly，别拼成 friendful。 6. but　busy 与 meaningful 是转折——“虽忙但有意义”，表并列关系就不对了。 7. teaching　动名词作宾语从句主语，视为单数；本句谓语为 can make，情态动词后接原形，不体现单数。 8. a　泛指“一个更好的老师”，比较级前可以加 a。 9. to travel　have time to do sth. 固定搭配，表示“有时间做某事”。 10. will be　be full of hope 充满希望；I am sure 后的从句用一般将来时。 升格句型库： - I dream of becoming... because... - If I..., I will... - As long as..., I will... - Unless..., I will... - I am sure my future life will be... 写法点拨： 注意 2、6、8 三处都在考“虚词”——连词、冠词这类没有提示词的填空，靠的是把整句读顺、读懂句间关系，这正是中考语法填空的常客。 二、核心词汇·深度建构 （一）词性转换网络 这一串是本单元的核心词族。别只背“意思”，要背“变形链条”——中考的语法填空和选词填空，考的就是你把动词换成名词、形容词、副词的能力。 词根 词性变化 常考搭配 易错提醒 create creation 作品；creativity 创造力；creator 创造者；creative 有创造力的；creatively 有创造力地 create new things；think creatively 修饰动词用 creatively develop development 发展；developer 开发者；developed 发达的；developing 发展中的 develop a cold 得了感冒；develop a habit 养成习惯 develop 作“患病”是熟词生义 value valuable 宝贵的；invaluable 极宝贵的；valueless 无价值的 be valuable to；value sth. invaluable ≠ 无价值 challenge challenger 挑战者；challenging 有挑战性的 challenge sb. to sth. to 不可换 depend dependence 依赖；independence 独立；dependent 依赖的；independent 独立的 depend on；That depends. 无被动，不说 be depended on predict prediction 预测；predictable 可预测的 be predicted to do；It is predicted that... 不接双宾 take take over 接管；take up 从事；take on 承担；take off 起飞/脱下 take over a job 接职位/岗位用 over 过关小测 1. He is a ______ (create) boy who likes to design new things. 2. Whether we can succeed ______ (depend) on how hard we work. 答案与解析： 1. creative 形容词修饰名词 boy。 2. depends Whether 引导主语从句，作主语视为单数，谓语用三单。 （二）用法详解与易错排雷 1. creative adj. 有创造力的；creatively adv.；creativity n.；creation 作品；creator 创造者。 易错： 修饰动词时须用副词 creatively，如 He thinks creatively. 2. develop ① 发展；② 开发；③ 患（病）、出（问题）；④ 养成习惯/形成信念。 易错： 作“患病”是熟词生义——develop a cold 可不是“发展出感冒”，是“得了感冒”。 3. valuable adj. 宝贵的；贵重的。 排雷： invaluable ≠ 无价值！ 误：The book is invaluable, so it is useless.（自相矛盾） 正：invaluable＝极宝贵的；valueless＝无价值的。 4. challenge n. 挑战；质疑 v. 质疑；向……挑战。 易错： challenge sb. to sth. 中 to 不可换——challenge him to a match，介词是固定的。 5. depend 依靠；取决于。That depends. 视情况而定。 排雷： 误：Our success is depended on hard work. 正：depends on（无被动，不说 be depended on）。 6. predict / prediction 预测。be predicted to do（仅被动）。 易错： 不接双宾；“被预计”用 be predicted to do，不用 predict sb. to do。 7. take over 接管；接任。 辨析： take up 从事/占据；take on 承担；take off 起飞/脱下。接“职位/岗位”一律用 over。 词汇过关检测 1. He is a ______ ______（有创造力的人）who can work ______（有创造力地）and show great ______（创造力）. 2. With the ______（发展）of the local economy, the experience taught us many ______（无价的）lessons. 答案与解析： 1. a creative person; creatively; creativity person 可数单数前须加 a。 2. development; invaluable “无价的”用 invaluable，不是 valueless——两个词一正一负，别写反。 三、核心语法·条件状语从句 （一）语法探究 不急着背定义，先做三道判断题。这三句都用了条件连词，你先把它的意思“猜准”，后面讲规律才记得牢。 1. Your hair will turn blue ______ you listen to me.　A. if　B. unless　C. as long as 2. You will grow warts ______ you listen to me.　A. if　B. unless　C. as long as 3. ______ you listen to me, you will be fine.　A. If　B. Unless　C. As long as 答案： 1. B　2. C　3. A 解析： unless＝if...not（“如果不……”）；as long as＝只要；if＝如果。 第1句：unless you listen to me＝if you don’t listen to me，“如果你不听我的话，头发会变蓝”。 第2句：as long as you listen to me，“只要你听我的话，你就会长疣子”。 第3句：If you listen to me，“如果你听我的话，你就会没事”。 第1句 hair 变蓝、第2句长疣子，都是拿你开玩笑——“只要你不听话”会怎样，正是条件句该有的样子。 结论（主将从现）： 1. 主句将来时，条件从句用一般现在时表将来； 2. 从句可置于主句前或后； 3. 从句在前用逗号隔开，在后不加逗号； 4. 主句为祈使句时，从句仍用一般现在时； 5. 主句也可是“情态动词＋原形”。 错误路径演示： 误：If it will rain tomorrow, we will not go. 正：If it rains tomorrow, we will not go. （二）易错排雷 1. unless 后绝不能再加 not 误：Unless you don’t wear a helmet, you can’t ride a bike. 正：Unless you wear a helmet, you can’t ride a bike. ＝ If you don’t wear a helmet, you can’t ride a bike. 检验： 把 unless 换成 if...not 句子仍通顺，原句就对了；unless 本身已经含 not，再加就是双重否定闹笑话。 2. if 的双重身份（中考陷阱） 身份①： 宾语从句“是否”，时态随句意，可用将来时。 身份②： 状语从句“如果”，主将从现。 误：I don’t know if he comes tomorrow. 正：I don’t know if he will come tomorrow.（是否） 正：If he comes, I’ll tell you.（如果） 辨身份： if 前若是动词（know / wonder / ask），多为“是否”；放在句首或名词前，多半是“如果”。 3. as long as 与 if 的语气差异 弱：As long as it rains, we will stay at home.（语气绝对，as long as 强调“唯一条件”） 宜：If it rains, we will stay at home.（中性假设，更自然） 一句话记牢： unless 自带 not，if 要看身份，as long as 管“只要”——三个连词各管一摊，别混。 连词 语义 等价转换 主句时态 从句时态 易错点 if 如果 无 将来时/祈使句/情态动词 一般现在时 与“是否”区分 unless 如果不 if...not 将来时/祈使句/情态动词 一般现在时 后不加 not as long as 只要 无 将来时/祈使句/情态动词 一般现在时 语气较强 错误路径演示： 误：I don’t know if he comes tomorrow. 正：I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 误：Unless you don’t wear a helmet, you can’t ride a bike. 正：Unless you wear a helmet, you can’t ride a bike. （三）分层实战 基础层·语法填空 1. If it ______ (rain) next Sunday, we ______ (not go) for a picnic. 2. If I ______ (get) there early, I can ______ (see) the doctor soon. 答案与解析： 1. rains; won’t go 主将从现，从句用一般现在时，主句用 will not。 2. get; see 主句含情态动词 can，后接动词原形。 提升层·中考真题与模拟 1. You will miss the school bus ______ you hurry up right now.　A. if　B. unless　C. though　D. because 2. —I’d like to find a job in the library. —Good idea, ______ it doesn’t affect your studies.　A. now that　B. as long as　C. as soon as　D. even if 3. Your new product ______ better if it is advertised on TV.　A. sells　B. sold　C. will sell　D. would sell 4. I don’t know ______ he will come tomorrow. ______ he comes, I’ll tell you.　A. if; Whether　B. whether; Whether　C. if; That　D. if; If 5. We can choose to be happy if we want, ______ we can look at everything in a positive way.　A. for fear that　B. as long as　C. in case　D. even if 答案与解析： 1. B　unless＝if...not，翻成“如果你不赶紧就会错过校车”；though、because 逻辑都不通。 2. B　as long as 只要；now that 既然；as soon as 一……就；even if 即使。上一句“好主意”暗示“只要不影响学习就行”。 3. C　主将从现，主句用 will sell；A 忽略了从句的 if 条件，时态对不上。 4. D　第一空“是否”可用将来时；第二空“如果”引导状语从句只能用 if，whether 不能引导条件状语从句。 5. B　as long as 只要；其余三项（唯恐/以防/即使）放进“想快乐”的语境都说不通。 四、阅读突破·推断题 （一）解题方法 三步操作： 1. 圈出 but / however / even worse； 2. 圈出 all / never / only； 3. 找原文同义改写。 错误选项四大型： ① 绝对化（all / never / only）；② 无中生有；③ 张冠李戴；④ 以偏概全。 （二）典例精析 典例 1 · 观点态度推断｜难度：中 阅读以下段落，判断作者对“机器人护工”的态度。 But the rise of robot caregivers has also come with some questions. Many young people today are already spending too little time with their grandparents. The use of robot caregivers may make the situation even worse. From the paragraph, the author probably thinks these robot caregivers ______. A. make grandchildren visit more often B. take the place of humans completely C. bring family members closer D. lead to less care and love for the elderly 答案：D 解析： 一看到 But 和 even worse 就该警觉——作者在往“负面”拐：机器人护工让陪伴更少、关爱更少。A、C 恰好反了方向；B 里 completely 太绝对，原文只是说“可能让情况更糟”，没说“完全取代人”。 典例 2 · 下文预测推断｜难度：难 阅读以下段落，猜作者接下来最可能写什么。 In the study, people found out fewer mistakes when working with the robot. So in longer work periods, especially when tasks are boring and there is much supervision（监管）, workers are probably unable to stay focused. This could be dangerous, especially in jobs where double-checking is important for safety. To understand the problem better, the scientists carried out further studies in real workplaces. What would the writer write about after the last paragraph? A. The history of robot development. B. The results of further studies in real workplaces. C. More examples of people making mistakes. D. Ways of making robots much cheaper. 答案：B 解析： 末段收尾在“建议到真实工作场所做进一步研究”——行文规律是“提出建议 → 下文讲研究结果”。A 是讲历史，不在这个衔接点上；C 前面已经给过例子；D 通篇没提“怎么让机器人更便宜”。 典例 3 · 细节推理与绝对化排除｜难度：中 阅读以下段落，根据原文推断关于针灸的正确说法。 For thousands of years, the Chinese have been using acupuncture（针刺疗法）to help sick people get well. Li Ming works in front of the computer and says acupuncture really helps with her dry eyes; after more than 130 visits, her eyes have become good again. Doctor Liu Cunzhi says he has been using it to help people with Alzheimer’s disease（阿尔茨海默病）. According to a study by WHO, it is the most widely used traditional medicine practice. Between 2002 and 2012, the number of people getting acupuncture and licensed acupuncturists grew by 50% and 100% in the US. According to the passage, we can infer about acupuncture that ______. A. it is popular around the world B. it can deal with all kinds of diseases C. it was invented by a Chinese doctor D. it needs to be widely spread 答案：A 解析： 原文给了两条硬证据：“WHO 认为它是最广泛使用的传统医学实践”“美国接受针灸的人数十年里翻番”——“全球流行”站得住。B 里 all kinds of 是绝对化，原文只举了几个病例，够不上“所有病”；C 无中生有，作者没说是谁发明的；D 是读者自己的建议，不是原文能推出的“作者观点”。 五、综合能力检测 （一）词与短语填空（5 小题，每小题 2 分） 方框： keep　friends　prefer to　wise　adds　celebrate　（有一项多余） 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择合适的词或短语填空，使短文通顺完整。 In the future, holidays will be a time for family and ____1____ to get together. Some people ____2____ stay home for a quiet dinner, while others like going out. It is ____3____ to plan your time well. Wherever you are, you should ____4____ in touch with those you love. A short message ____5____ warmth to any future life. 答案与解析： 1. friends 与 family 并列，都指人。 2. prefer to 与后文 while others like going out 的 like 呼应，“有人更愿意……”。 3. wise It is wise to do sth. 做某事是明智的。 4. keep keep in touch with 保持联系，should 后接原形。 5. adds add...to... 给……增添，主语 message 单数用三单。 多余项：celebrate。 （二）语法填空（10 小题，每小题 1.5 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 This ____1____（live）robot dog Glotto is trying to break two Guinness World Records. One is to be the ____2____（fast）robot dog to skate 100 metres. His ____3____（own）are an elderly couple. At first they wanted a quiet robot, ____4____ then they met Glotto, who is full of energy and ____5____（play）. ____6____ he first saw people skateboarding, he got excited. His owners bought a cheap skateboard, and since then he ____7____（have）been skating every day. He had one eye removed because of ____8____（sick）. “He skates ____9____（good）than before---he feels less fear. He goes on for hours without ____10____（stop）,” said his owners. 答案与解析： 1. lively 活泼的；live 作形容词表“活的/现场的”，用在这里不合语境。 2. fastest the ＋ 最高级，后有 to skate 100 metres 的范围限定。 3. owners 物主代词后接名词，are 提示用复数。 4. but 前“想要安静的狗”、后“却遇上爱闹的 Glotto”，句中转折连词，小写。 5. playful 与 full of energy 并列，须填形容词“好玩的”。 6. When 引导时间状语从句“当他第一次看到别人玩滑板时”，句首大写。 7. has since then 提示现在完成进行时 has been doing。 8. sickness because of 后接名词。 9. better 后有 than before，用比较级。 10. stopping 介词 without 后接动名词。 （三）翻译微写作（3 小题，每小题 5 分） 1. 除非你持续学习，否则你永远不会成为一名更好的老师。（unless） 2. 只要你敢于挑战自我，你就能发展出新技能。（as long as; challenge; develop） 3. 没有人能对未来的职业发展做出准确的预测。（prediction; accurate） 参考译文与踩分点： 1. You will never become a better teacher unless you keep learning. 踩分：unless 从句 2 分；主将从现 2 分；无双重否定 1 分。 2. As long as you dare to challenge yourself, you will develop new skills. 踩分：as long as 句首 2 分；反身代词 2 分；原形 1 分。 3. Nobody can make an accurate prediction about future career development. 踩分：make a prediction 固定搭配 2 分；accurate 位置 2 分；主谓一致 1 分。 六、课后巩固 以下三组练习为本讲新编材料，主题与本讲一致、不重复课上原题。课后独立完成，对照解析自纠。 （一）语法填空（10 小题，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Nobody can make an accurate ____1____（predict）about our city in 2050. However, the future ____2____（depend）on what we do today. ____3____ we keep wasting energy, our city will face problems. ____4____ we act now, the air will become worse. ____5____　____　____ everyone plays a part, we will build a greener home. Scientists are ____6____（develop）new clean energy, and ____7____（create）engineers are designing smart buildings. These ideas are ____8____（value）to the city. Robots may ____9____　____ dangerous jobs, ____10____ they will never replace human kindness. 答案与解析： 1. prediction 形容词 accurate 后接名词。 2. depends 主语 the future 单数，讲客观规律用一般现在时。 3. If 主将从现：“如果我们继续浪费能源……”。 4. Unless ＝if not，“除非我们现在行动，否则空气会更差”，句首大写。 5. As long as 只要，填三个词。 6. developing are 后用现在进行时。 7. creative 形容词修饰 engineers。 8. valuable be 后接形容词“宝贵的”。 9. take over may 后接动词原形，接管。 10. but 前后转折。 （二）阅读理解·推断题（4 小题，满分 8 分） 阅读下面短文，回答第 1～4 题。 Will robots take your future job? Machines are good at repeating the same action millions of times without getting bored, so jobs like checking products in a factory may disappear. However, jobs that need real care and creative thinking are much harder to replace. For example, teachers, nurses and designers are still in great need. Schools are now teaching students to ask better questions, because asking good questions is a key skill for the future. 1. What is the writer’s attitude towards robots taking human jobs? A. Robots will replace all human workers soon. B. Robots are helpful but cannot replace care and creativity. C. Robots should be kept away from classrooms. D. Robots do more harm than good. 2. What will the writer most probably discuss next? A. How a robot marks exam papers. B. Why school children feel sad. C. The history of factory work. D. Examples of the new teaching methods in schools. 3. The underlined word “disappear” probably means ______. A. go out of existence B. come into being C. stay the same D. become better 4. Which of the following jobs is most likely to be replaced by robots? A. A teacher. B. A nurse. C. A factory worker checking products. D. A designer. 答案与解析： 1. B　However 之后是关键——“需要真正关怀和创造性思维的工作更难被取代”。A 里 all 太绝对，且与 However 的转折矛盾；C、D 在文中没有依据。 2. D　末段抛出“学校正在教学生提出更好的问题”这个新做法，顺着它往下自然是举几个例子。A 已经讲过；B、C 跟段落讨论搭不上。 3. A　前文说机器擅长重复动作，于是“像工厂检查产品这类工作可能消失”，即“不再存在”。B 正好相反，是“出现”。 4. C　原文直说 “jobs like checking products in a factory may disappear”，工厂检查产品的工人首当其冲；teacher、nursing、designing 都被明确列为“更难被替代”。 （三）翻译微写作（3 小题，每小题 5 分） 1. 除非你现在采取行动，否则十年后空气污染会变得更加严重。（unless） 2. 只要你坚持练习口语，你的英语表达就会越来越流利。（as long as） 3. 机器人也许能接管危险的工作，但永远不会取代真正的关怀。（take over） 参考译文与踩分点： 1. The air pollution will become even worse in ten years unless we take action now. 踩分：unless 从句 2 分；主将从现 2 分；无双重否定 1 分。 2. As long as you keep practising spoken English, you will speak English more fluently. 踩分：as long as 句首 2 分；keep＋动名词 2 分；比较级 1 分。 3. Robots may take over dangerous jobs, but they will never replace real care. 踩分：take over 短语 2 分；转折 but 2 分；never 表意 1 分。 【备课留白】 本讲收束在“未来生活”上，核心得分点是三条线：条件句的主将从现、三类连词语义、推断题的绝对化排除。课堂上前两条线可用“改错-重写”快测回收；推断题建议让学生先自己标出每题的“排除依据”，再对答案。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $