专题01 Units 3～4（词汇综合练）英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦Units 3~4词汇综合能力，通过基础到综合的题型设计，构建词汇-语法-语篇渐进训练体系，提升语言应用与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |根据汉语写单词|20题|基础词汇拼写|核心词汇记忆与积累| |根据首字母写单词|10题|语境词汇补全|词汇在语境中的应用| |单项选择|20题|语法与词汇结合的语境辨析|语法规则与词汇辨析的结合| |补全短文|2篇（20空）|语篇词汇运用|词汇在语篇中的适当形式转换| |语法填空|2篇|语法规则在语篇中的应用|语法知识在语篇中的综合运用|

专题01 Units 3~4（词汇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。 三、单项选择。 四、用方框中所给的单词补全短文。 五、语法填空。 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。 1．Eating too many ________ (汉堡包)is not good for our health. 【答案】hamburgers 【详解】句意：吃太多汉堡包对我们的健康不好。too many后接可数名词复数，“汉堡包”对应英语为hamburger，是可数名词，其复数形式为hamburgers。故填hamburgers。 2．The ________ (气味) from the kitchen fills the room. 【答案】smell 【详解】句意：从厨房传来的气味充满了整个房间。“The”为定冠词，其后应接名词；“气味”对应的英文名词为“smell”。故填smell。 3．With practice, you will be more ________ (自信的) in speaking English. 【答案】confident 【详解】句意：多加练习，你在说英语时会更加自信。be属于系动词，系动词后面要接形容词作表语，用来描述主语的状态。confident意为自信的，be confident in…是固定搭配，意思是对……有信心。故填confident。 4．It’s ________ (不合适的) to laugh loudly in the hospital. 【答案】improper 【详解】句意：在医院里大声笑是不合适的。空前为It’s，空处应用形容词improper“不合适的”作表语。 5．We took a ________ (不停的) train from Beijing to Shanghai last week. 【答案】nonstop 【详解】句意：上周我们乘坐直达列车从北京前往上海。空格后“train”为名词，需要形容词作定语，“不停的”对应的形容词是nonstop，修饰名词“train”，a nonstop train表示“直达列车”，符合句子语境。 6．He was ________ (不开心的) because he failed the English test. 【答案】unhappy 【详解】句意：他英语考试不及格，所以很不开心。happy意为“开心的”，否定前缀un-加在形容词前构成unhappy，意为“不开心的、难过的”，在句中作表语。 7．It ________ (好像) that a typhoon (台风) is coming. 【答案】seems 【详解】句意：好像台风要来了。根据中文提示“好像”，对应的英文单词为seem。主语It是第三人称单数，句子用一般现在时，所以seem需变为第三人称单数形式seems，且It seems that是固定句型，表示“好像……”，故填seems。 8．I think keeping a _______（日记）is a good habit. 【答案】diary 【详解】句意：我认为写日记是一个好习惯。根据汉语提示“日记”，对应的英文单词为diary，空前有不定冠词a，后接可数名词单数，故填diary。 9．Keeping a ________ (积极的) attitude helps me solve problems faster and enjoy every school day. 【答案】positive 【详解】句意：保持一个积极的态度帮助我更快地解决问题，并且享受每一天的校园生活。“积极的”的英文表达是“positive”，此处作定语修饰名词attitude。 10．You should add some salt and ________ (胡椒粉). 【答案】pepper 【详解】句意：你应该加一些盐和胡椒粉。根据提示可知，此处需要填写“胡椒粉”的英文单词，对应英语单词为pepper，表示“胡椒粉” 时为不可数名词，和前面的salt形式保持一致。故填pepper。 11．To be ________ (诚实的) , he never tells lies. 【答案】honest 【详解】句意：说实话，他从不撒谎。根据汉语提示可知，honest形容词，诚实的。be动词后面接形容词。固定短语to be honest“老实说；说实话”。故填honest。 12．His ________ (感觉) of humour makes our friends happy. 【答案】sense 【详解】句意：他的幽默感让我们的朋友们很开心。根据中文提示可知，“感觉”对应的英文是sense，是可数名词，此处作主语，谓语makes为第三人称单数形式，主语用单数，故填sense。 13．Taking a deep ________ (呼吸) can help you relax when you are nervous. 【答案】breath 【详解】句意：紧张的时候深呼吸能帮你放松。固定搭配take a deep breath表示“深呼吸”，此处需填名词breath被deep修饰。 14．He is ________ (焦虑的) about the coming exam. 【答案】nervous 【详解】句意：他对即将到来的考试感到焦虑。此处需用形容词作表语，原句中“焦虑的”是关键词，用英文表达为nervous。故填nervous。 15．We watched the ________ (烟花)at night. 【答案】fireworks 【详解】句意：我们在晚上看了烟花。句中“watched”为watch的过去式，提示本句为一般过去时。括号内词义 “烟花” 对应的英文单词是firework，观看烟花通常指多个烟花，常用其复数形式，故填fireworks。 16．Do not ________ (推) the door so hard. 【答案】push 【详解】句意：不要那么用力推门。根据中文提示“推”可知，单词push意为“推”，动词，根据英文句子结构可知，本句祈使句的否定句，其结构是“Do not+动词原形”，故填动词原形push。 17．She has good ________ (视力) and can see clearly. 【答案】vision/eyesight 【详解】句意：她视力很好，能看得很清楚。根据汉语提示以及固定搭配可知填vision/eyesight，表示“视力”，且这两个名词都是不可数名词。 18．I ________ (懊悔) not telling you the truth. 【答案】regret 【详解】句意：我后悔没有告诉你真相。根据中文提示“懊悔”可知，英语单词regret意为“后悔”，动词，本句没有明显的时间标志词，所以时态用一般现在时，本句主语为I，所以此处需填动词原形，根据句中的“not telling”结合短语regret doing sth. 表示“后悔做过某事”，可知此处应填regret。 19．We went to ________ (唐人街) last Sunday. 【答案】Chinatown 【详解】句意：上周日我们去了唐人街。根据中文提示“唐人街”及英文句子结构，此处需填专有名词Chinatown，作went to的宾语。 20．It is _______ (必要的) for you to drink enough water every day. 【答案】necessary 【详解】句意：对你来说每天喝足够的水是必要的。空格处在句中作表语。本句是固定句型“It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是其后的动词不定式短语，因此空格处需用形容词作表语。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应填入necessary。 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。 1．Try not to be a________ from school next week because we have a sports meet. 【答案】absent/bsent 【详解】句意：下周尽量不要缺课，因为我们要举办运动会。根据“Try not to be ...from school”及首字母可知，此处指不要缺席，be absent from“缺席”，是固定短语。 2．Please speak c________ so everyone can understand you. 【答案】clearly/learly 【详解】句意：请说清楚一点，这样每个人都能听懂你说的内容。结合首字母及“everyone can understand you”可知此处表示说清楚，填入副词clearly修饰动词“speak”。 3．Some people think climate change will be w________. 【答案】worse/orse 【详解】句意：一些人认为气候变化将会变得更糟。句中“will be”为一般将来时的系动词结构，后接形容词作表语。结合语境及首字母提示，此处需表达“更糟糕的”含义，worse是bad的比较级形式，符合语法与语义要求。 4．In summer, the t________ often rises above 30℃, so we need to drink plenty of water. 【答案】temperature/emperature 【详解】句意：在夏天，气温经常会升到 30 摄氏度以上，所以我们需要喝大量的水。根据首字母提示t和语境“30℃、喝水”可知，此处表示“温度”，名词temperature符合语境；the temperature表示“气温、温度”，是固定表达，在句中作主语。故填temperature。 5．The noise from the street s_______ to the classroom and affected our study. 【答案】spread/pread 【详解】句意：街上的噪音传到/扩散到教室里，影响了我们的学习。句子中and连接两个并列谓语，后半句affected是过去式，空格需要填s开头的动词的过去式。spread意思是“传播、蔓延”，搭配spread to表示“传到”，spread的过去式还是spread。 6．Janet’s been under a lot of s________ since her mother’s illness. 【答案】stress/tress 【详解】句意：自从母亲生病后，珍妮特承受着巨大的压力。根据首字母和“since her mother’s illness.”可知，母亲生病了，珍妮特会承受压力，不可数名词stress“压力”符合语境，under stress“在压力之下”。 7．She doesn’t feel l________, though she lives alone now. 【答案】lonely/onely 【详解】句意：虽然她现在独自居住，但她并不觉得孤单。feel是系动词，后面需要填入形容词做表语，结合首字母提示，形容词lonely“孤独的、寂寞的”符合语境，故填lonely。 8．She felt d________ when she didn’t pass the English exam. 【答案】disappointed/isappointed/down/own 【详解】句意：她英语考试没通过，感到十分失望/低落。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填形容词在系动词felt后作表语；根据后半句“didn’t pass the English exam”可知，此处需要表达负面情绪的形容词，结合首字母提示可知，disappointed“失望的”和down“情绪低落的”均为正确答案。 9．My mother was p________ breakfast for my family at this time yesterday. 【答案】preparing/reparing 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，我妈妈正在为我的家人准备早餐。时间状语“at this time yesterday”提示动作在过去某一时刻正在进行，用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，再由“...breakfast for my family可知，此处指为家人准备早餐，prepare“准备”，现在分词为preparing。 10．They a_________ about a small thing yesterday. 【答案】argued/rgued 【详解】句意：他们昨天为一件小事争吵了。根据句意和首字母提示，此处考查固定搭配argue about sth.“为某事争吵”，时间状语yesterday“昨天”与一般过去时态连用，动词argue应该用过去式argued。 三、单项选择。 1．— What’s wrong with the food on the table? —I think it has gone bad. It has a strange ________. A．habit B．smell C．voice D．trick 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——桌上的食物怎么了？——我觉得它变质了。它有一股奇怪的气味。 habit习惯；smell气味；voice声音；trick诡计。根据“I think it has gone bad.”可知食物变质了，推测出它有一股奇怪的气味。 2．—________ important it is to have a healthy diet! —Yes, it can help us stay away from illnesses. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——拥有健康的饮食习惯是多么重要啊！——是的，它能帮助我们远离疾病。 How多么（感叹句，后接形容词/副词）；What多么（后接不可数名词/可数名词复数）；What a多么（后接可数名词单数）；What an多么（后接可数名词单数，以元音音素开头）。根据题干中心词“important”是形容词，应用how引导感叹句，结构为How+adj.+主语+谓语，应填How。 3．Eating more vegetables and fruit ________ good for our health. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】A 【详解】句意：多吃蔬菜和水果对我们的健康是有好处的。is是，一般现在时单数；are是，一般现在时复数；was是，一般过去时单数；were是，一般过去时复数。动名词短语“Eating more vegetables and fruit”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，描述客观事实用一般现在时。应填is。 4．—Can I eat another piece of cake? —________ you eat too much, you’ll have a stomachache. A．As long as B．If C．Unless D．Because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我能再吃一块蛋糕吗？——如果你吃得太多，你会肚子疼。 As long as只要；If如果；Unless除非；Because因为。根据答句前后的假设逻辑关系，此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”的假设场景，应填If。 5．My teacher often tells us that a sound mind ________ a sound body. A．agrees with B．depends on C．looks for D．waits for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的老师经常告诉我们健康的心理依赖于健康的身体。 agrees with同意；depends on依赖/取决于；looks for寻找；waits for等待。根据“a sound mind”和“a sound body”可知，健康的心理“依赖于”健康的身体，应填“depends on”。 6．—I often feel tired after class. —You should ________ more exercise to keep fit. A．do B．make C．take D．get 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——课后我经常感到疲倦。——你应该做更多的运动来保持健康。 do做；make制作；take拿；get得到。根据“... more exercise”可知，此处表示“做运动”，固定搭配为do exercise。 7．It’s necessary for teenagers ________ at least eight hours’ sleep every day. A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对于青少年来说，每天至少获得八小时的睡眠是必要的。 根据“It’s necessary for teenagers”可知，此处考查固定句型“It’s+形容词+for sb+to do sth”，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，空处需用动词不定式作真正主语。 8．My mother advises me ________ too much sugar because it’s bad for my teeth. A．to eat B．not to eat C．eating D．not eating 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的妈妈建议我不要吃太多糖，因为这对我的牙齿不好。 根据固定搭配advise sb. (not) to do sth.，结合后文“对牙齿有害”的提示，此处表示建议对方不要做某事，应填not to eat。 9．Both Maria and Meimei ________ to lose weight. A．need B．needn’t C．doesn’t need D．needs 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玛丽亚和美美都需要减肥。need需要；needn’t不必；doesn’t need不需要（第三人称单数否定）；needs需要（第三人称单数肯定）。“Both...and...”连接并列主语，谓语动词用复数，排除C、D；空后有to，need作实义动词，情态动词needn’t后接动词原形，排除B；只有A选项的need是实义动词原形，既匹配复数主语，也符合need to do“需要做某事”的固定搭配。 10．I am never absent ________ the football matches in my school. A．from B．of C．to D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我从不缺席我们学校的足球比赛。from来自；of……的；to到；for为了。be absent from意为“缺席……”，固定搭配，符合语境。应填from。 11．My cousin always makes me ______ when I feel sad by telling funny stories. A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughing D．laughed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我难过时，我的表亲总是通过讲有趣的故事使我笑。 make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”，后接省略to的动词原形作宾补，故选laugh。 12．My sister is ________. She always makes mistakes in her homework. A．careful B．carefully C．careless D．carelessly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妹妹很粗心。她总是在作业中犯错误。careful细心的；carefully细心地；careless粗心的；carelessly粗心地。根据“is”可知系动词后接形容词作表语，排除副词选项B和D；再根据“makes mistakes”可知总是犯错，说明她是粗心的。应填careless。 13．—________ do you feel about your growing height? —I feel excited but a little worried about my big feet. A．How B．What C．When D．Why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你对自己长高的感觉如何？——我感到兴奋，但有点担心我的大脚。 How怎样；What什么；When什么时候；Why为什么。根据答语“I feel excited but a little worried…”可知，回答的是感受或状态，询问感受常用句型“How do you feel about…?”。应填How。 14．My mother often compares my grades ________ my cousin’s. It makes me feel stressed. A．for B．with C．to D．as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常把我的成绩和我表亲的成绩进行比较。这让我感到很有压力。 for为了；with和……一起；to向；as作为。固定搭配compare…with…意为“把……和……进行比较”，此处指将两人的成绩进行对比。应填with。 15．—Good news! You’ve passed the driving test. —Hooray! ________, I’ve been really worried about it these days. A．No way B．Sounds great C．At first D．To tell the truth 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——好消息！你通过了驾驶考试。——好极了！说实话，这些天我真的一直很担心这件事。 No way没门，绝不；Sounds great听起来很不错；At first起初，一开始；To tell the truth说实话，老实说。根据答语后句“I’ve been really worried about it these days.”可知，说话人想要表达自己内心的真实担忧。To tell the truth用于引出真实想法，符合语境。 16．The old man lives ________, and we hope that he won’t feel ________ with the help of kind people. A．alone; lonely B．alone; alone C．lonely; alone D．lonely; lonely 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位老人独自居住，我们希望在好心人的帮助下他不会感到孤独。 alone独自地，侧重客观状态，可作副词，也可作形容词；lonely孤独的，侧重主观感受，只可作形容词。第一空修饰动词“lives”，表示“独自居住”，应用副词alone；第二空在 feel后作表语，表示“感到孤独”，应用形容词lonely。应填alone；lonely。 17．It makes no ________ to go out in the heavy rain. Let’s stay at home. A．idea B．sense C．meaning D．reason 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在大雨中出去没有意义。我们待在家里吧。  idea想法；sense意义；meaning意义；reason理由。根据“Let’s stay at home.”可知，大雨天出去是没意义的，固定搭配“make no sense”表示“没有意义”，故选用sense。 18．— I called you but you didn’t answer me. — Oh, sorry. I, together with friends,________ the film at the cinema. A．have watched B．am watching C．was watching D．were watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我给你打电话了，但你没接。——哦，抱歉。我当时正和朋友一起在电影院看电影。 根据“I called you but you didn’t answer me.”可知，打电话是过去发生的动作，未接电话时“看电影”的动作正在进行，应使用过去进行时，其结构为was/were+现在分词，主语是I，together with friends是介词短语作状语，谓语动词应与I保持一致，用单数was，watch的现在分词是watching，was watching符合题意。 19．During her trip to Nanchang, Anna stayed at a hotel where the rooms were bright, quiet, and very ________, so she slept well every night. A．comfortable B．ancient C．faraway D．special 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在她去南昌的旅行期间，安娜住在一家酒店，那里的房间明亮、安静且非常舒适，所以她每晚都睡得很好。comfortable舒适的；ancient古老的；faraway遥远的；special特别的。根据“so she slept well every night”可知，因为每晚都睡得很好，推测房间环境是非常舒适的。 20．—You look sad, Betty. What’s the matter with you? —________. A．I’ve got the first prize B．Sorry to hear that C．I can’t agree more D．I can’t attend the summer camp 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——贝蒂，你看起来很伤心。你怎么了？——我不能参加夏令营了。  I’ve got the first prize我获得了一等奖；Sorry to hear that听到这个很难过；I can’t agree more我完全同意；I can’t attend the summer camp我不能参加夏令营了。根据前文“You look sad”（你看起来很伤心）可知，说话者遇到了不好的事情，故选I can’t attend the summer camp。 四、用方框中所给的单词补全短文。 A 阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每词仅用1次，每空填1词。 three    harm    though    seem    bad    hobby    on    prefer    easy    feel Stay happy, stay healthy. A lot of people are looking for happiness (幸福) all the time. But it 1 hard to get happiness. Here are some methods to help you find happiness and stay healthy 2 . First, focus 3 the present life. It’s improper to spend too much time 4 sorry or regretting (感到遗憾) for the past. These negative attitudes (消极的态度) do 5 to your studies and your life. What’s 6 , they may make you ill. Be confident about the future and live the present life well. That’s the right way. Second, try to develop some 7 , such as swimming, dancing or playing the violin. All these can help you enjoy the real life. 8 , offer a helpful hand to others. Helping others may make you feel proud and happy, 9 it may take you some time. Which way do you 10 ? Have a try and smile at the world. You can find happiness and stay healthy. 【答案】 1． seems 2． easily 3． on 4． feeling 5． harm 6． worse 7． hobbies 8． Third 9． though 10．prefer 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，短文介绍了获得幸福、保持健康的三种方法，倡导积极乐观的生活态度。 【详解】1．句意：但是获得幸福似乎很难。主语it为第三人称单数，整篇为一般现在时，此处表达“获得幸福似乎很难”。seem“似乎”作谓语动词，使用第三人称单数形式seems。 2．句意：这里有一些方法帮助你找到幸福并轻松地保持健康。根据“Here are some methods to help you”可知是很容易或者很轻松地保持健康。修饰动词stay需要副词，easy的副词形式easily，意为“容易地”，在句中作状语。 3．句意：首先，专注于当下的生活。focus on为固定搭配，意为“专注于”，on为介词。 4．句意：花太多时间感到抱歉或后悔过去是不恰当的。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定用法，意为“花费时间做某事”，为过去遗憾”对应feel sorry。feel变为feeling。 5．句意：这些消极态度对你的学习和生活确实有害。根据“These negative attitudes”以及“make you ill”可知是对学习和生活有害。do harm to为固定短语，意为“对……有害”，harm在此作名词。 6．句意：更糟糕的是，它们可能会让你生病。What’s worse为固定搭配，意为“更糟糕的是”，bad变为比较级worse。 7．句意：第二，尝试培养一些爱好，比如游泳、跳舞或者拉小提琴。根据“such as swimming, dancing or playing the violin”可知是培养爱好。some后接可数名词复数，hobby变为hobbies。 8．句意：第三，向他人伸出援助之手。根据前文First, Second可知此处表示顺序“第三”，且位于句首首字母大写，three变为Third。 9．句意：帮助他人可能会让你感到自豪和快乐，尽管它可能会花费你一些时间。前后句意为让步关系，though意为“尽管”。 10．句意：你更喜欢哪种方式？根据“Which way”可知问你的选择，偏好。助动词do后接动词原形，prefer意为“更喜欢”。 B 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 for    they    teacher    push    bad    what    problem    sleeping    probably    come In fact, stress is a normal feeling. Everybody will feel it from time to time. Sometimes stress can 1 us to move forward. But stress becomes bad if it affects (影响) our everyday life and health. So how do you know you’re stressed out? And 2 can you do about it? Sometimes stress 3 when you don’t realize (意识到) it. Do you often have a stomach-ache, a headache, or get angry easily? Do you have trouble 4 ? If your answers are yes, you’re 5 facing a lot of stress and you may need help. Talking about your 6 with someone always helps. You can have a talk with your parents, friends, 7 or even doctors. Tell 8 if you’re worried about your schoolwork, or if you have difficult relations with your classmates. Then you can come up with a few solutions (解决办法) together like cutting back on after-school activities, spending more time on proper communication, and going for a short holiday. There’s one important thing you need to remember: having some stress is normal. It’s OK to feel much 9 and angrier sometimes. Don’t be afraid to ask 10 help when you’re in need. 【答案】 1.push 2.what 3.comes 4.sleeping 5.probably 6.problems 7.teachers 8.them 9.worse 10．for 【导语】本文介绍压力是正常情绪，讲解压力显现的身体表现，给出倾诉烦恼、沟通解决的缓解压力办法，引导读者正确看待并处理自身压力。 【详解】1．句意：有时压力能推动我们前进。情态动词can后必须接动词原形，push意为推动，符合“压力促使人进步”的句意，其余词汇语义、词性均不匹配。 2．句意：对此你能做些什么？本句为特殊疑问句，询问行动内容，what作do的宾语，意为“什么”；其余单词无法构成该疑问句式。 3．句意：有时压力会在你毫无察觉时到来。主语stress为不可数名词，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词使用三单形式comes，表达压力悄然出现的含义。 4．句意：你有睡眠方面的困扰吗？固定搭配have trouble doing sth.，表示做某事有困难，直接选用方框中的 sleeping，贴合压力带来失眠问题的语境。 5．句意：如果你的答案是肯定的，你可能正承受巨大压力。副词probably修饰现在进行时的谓语facing，表推测“或许、可能”，符合语义逻辑。 6．句意：和别人聊聊你的问题总会有帮助。后文列举学业、人际两类烦心事，problem为可数名词，此处泛指各类压力难题，变为复数problems。 7．句意：你可以和父母、朋友、老师甚至医生聊聊。空格与parents、friends、doctors并列，teacher是可数名词，用复数teachers表多类沟通对象。 8．句意：如果你担心学业或是和同学相处不好，告诉他们。此处代词指代前文parents, friends, teachers, doctors，在动词Tell后作宾语，用人称代词宾格them。 9．句意：有时感到更糟糕、更容易生气是正常的。后文并列比较级angrier，bad需变为比较级worse，much修饰比较级，体现情绪变差的递进含义。 10．句意：需要帮助时不要害怕求助。固定搭配ask for help，意为寻求帮助，介词for是固定搭配必备词汇。 五、语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词，每空最多两个词。 About 80% of people do not get enough vitamin (维生素) D every day. 1 this vitamin is very important for your health. Vitamin D is 2 (real) important for our bones. When we are young, vitamin D builds up our bones and makes 3 (they) strong. When we are older, we still need vitamin D to keep our bones and 4 (tooth) strong. Having 5 bad eating habit can cause vitamin D shortage. But our bodies can’t make vitamin D．So we have to get it from outside of our bodies. Where can a person 6 (get) this very important vitamin? Vitamin D is in foods, such 7 vegetables, fish and eggs. Sometimes, vitamin D is added to bread, milk, and orange juice. Food is not the only way our bodies can get vitamin D．The sun also 8 (give) us vitamin D．If we want to be 9 (health), we should spend some time in the sun each day. Too much sun is not good for you, but spending 15 minutes in the sun every day 10 (be) usually enough. And we should be sure to eat foods that are rich in vitamin D, too. 【答案】 1．But 2．really 3．them 4．teeth 5．a 6．get 7．as 8．gives 9．healthy 10．is 【导语】本文主要介绍了维生素D对人体的重要作用以及获取维生素D的途径。 【详解】1．句意：大约80%的人每天没有摄入足够的维生素D。但是这种维生素对你的健康很重要。前后两句是转折关系，应填but，位于句首首字母需要大写。 2．句意：维生素D对我们的骨骼真的很重要。此处修饰形容词“important”要用副词，real“真的”，是形容词，其副词really“真正地”符合语境。 3．句意：当我们年轻的时候，维生素D强健我们的骨骼，使它们强壮。动词makes后面需要宾格作宾语，they“它们”是主格，所以此处应填其宾格them。 4．句意：当我们年纪大一些，我们仍然需要维生素D保持骨骼和牙齿强健。and连接并列名词，bone使用复数形式，可数名词tooth“牙齿”也要用其复数形式teeth。 5．句意：不良的饮食习惯会造成维生素D缺乏。habit是可数名词单数，其前应有不定冠词，而bad以辅音音素开头，所以此处应填a。 6．句意：一个人可以在哪里获取这种非常重要的维生素？get“获取”，是动词，在情态动词can后面应用其原形。 7．句意：维生素D存在于食物中，例如蔬菜、鱼和鸡蛋。固定搭配such as“例如”，用来举例，符合语境，故填as。 8．句意：太阳也给我们提供维生素D。give“给”，是动词，作谓语，句子陈述事实，时态为一般现在时，且主语the sun是第三人称单数，所以此处应用其第三人称单数形式gives。 9．句意：如果我们想要健康，我们每天应该晒一会儿太阳。be动词后面接形容词作表语，health“健康”是名词，其形容词healthy“健康的”符合语境。 10．句意：过多晒太阳对你不好，但是每天晒15分钟通常就足够了。句子陈述事实，时态为一般现在时，且动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数，故填is。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once there was a little boy who had a bad temper (脾气). His father tried many ways to educate him, 1 none of them worked. One day, his father came up 2 a good idea. He gave him a bag of nails (钉子) and told him that every time he lost his temper, he must hammer a nail into the wall. The boy had no choice but to agree. On 3 (one) day, the boy had driven 37 nails into the wall. Over the next few 4 (week), as he learned to control his temper, the number of nails hammered daily gradually dropped. He discovered it was 5 (easy) to hold his temper than to drive those nails into the wall. Finally the day came when the boy didn’t lose his temper at all. He told his father about it. The father 6 (suggest) that the boy now pull out one nail for each day, so he was able to hold his temper. The days passed and the boy was finally able to tell his father that all the nails 7 (pull) out. The father took his son by the hand and led 8 (he) to the wall. He said, “You 9 (do) well so far, my son, look at the holes in the wall. The wall will never be the same. When you say things 10 (angry), they leave scars just like these holes. You can put a knife in a man and draw it out. But no matter how many times you say you’re sorry, the wound is still there.” 【答案】 1．but 2．with 3．first 4．weeks 5．easier 6．suggested 7．were pulled 8．him 9．have done 10．angrily 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是一位原本脾气很大的男孩，在经过父亲的一次教育下，发现控制住脾气很简单，甚至比敲钉子还简单，最终这男孩成功地改掉了自己的坏脾气。 【详解】1．句意：他的爸爸尝试了很办法来教育他，但都没成功。根据空后的“none of them worked”可知，方法一个没成功，和上文是转折关系。故填but。 2．句意：有一天，他的爸爸想出了一个好主意。come up with想出；根据短语以及语境可知，此空要填“想出办法”。故填with。 3．句意：第一天，这个男孩往墙里敲了37个钉子。根据空后的“had driven”过去完成时以及下文的“Over the next few weeks”可知，“敲37个钉子”这件事发生在最开始，因此此空需填“第一天”。故填first。 4．句意：在接下来的几周，在他学着控制自己脾气的同时，每天被敲掉的钉子的数量逐渐下降。短语“over the next few weeks在接下来的几周”，“few一些”修饰可数名词接复数。故填weeks。 5．句意：他发现控制脾气比往墙里敲钉子更简单。根据句子中的“than”可知，此空用比较级，easy的y需变i加er。故填easier。 6．句意：父亲提议男孩现在每天拔出一根钉子。根据文章时态可知，suggest这里需要加ed变过去时。故填suggested。 7．句意：很多天过去了，这个男孩终于能够告诉他的父亲他拔掉了所有的钉子。根据上文“passed”和“was able to”的时态可知，that从句内的时态只能是过去时或者在“过去”之后的时态，通过句意判断，此空该填过去时；pull这里的主语又是the nails，要用be done被动语态。故填were pulled。 8．句意：父亲牵着他儿子的手领着他走向墙。根据句子分析可知，此处的“led”和and前的“took”并列做谓语动词，后接宾语，因此“he”要填宾语形式。故填him。 9．句意：你目前做得很好，我的儿子，看看墙上的这些洞。根据“so far”可知，此空的“do”该用现在完成时，主语为you。故填have done。 10．句意：当你生气地说事情时，它们会像这些洞一样留下疤痕。根据从句的句子分析可知，主干完整，这里“angry”需用副词修饰“说”，angry需把y变i加ly。故填angrily。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 3~4（词汇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。 三、单项选择。 四、用方框中所给的单词补全短文。 五、语法填空。 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。 1．Eating too many ________ (汉堡包)is not good for our health. 2．The ________ (气味) from the kitchen fills the room. 3．With practice, you will be more ________ (自信的) in speaking English. 4．It’s ________ (不合适的) to laugh loudly in the hospital. 5．We took a ________ (不停的) train from Beijing to Shanghai last week. 6．He was ________ (不开心的) because he failed the English test. 7．It ________ (好像) that a typhoon (台风) is coming. 8．I think keeping a _______（日记）is a good habit. 9．Keeping a ________ (积极的) attitude helps me solve problems faster and enjoy every school day. 10．You should add some salt and ________ (胡椒粉). 11．To be ________ (诚实的) , he never tells lies. 12．His ________ (感觉) of humour makes our friends happy. 13．Taking a deep ________ (呼吸) can help you relax when you are nervous. 14．He is ________ (焦虑的) about the coming exam. 15．We watched the ________ (烟花)at night. 16．Do not ________ (推) the door so hard. 17．She has good ________ (视力) and can see clearly. 18．I ________ (懊悔) not telling you the truth. 19．We went to ________ (唐人街) last Sunday. 20．It is _______ (必要的) for you to drink enough water every day. 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。 1．Try not to be a________ from school next week because we have a sports meet. 2．Please speak c________ so everyone can understand you. 3．Some people think climate change will be w________. 4．In summer, the t________ often rises above 30℃, so we need to drink plenty of water. 5．The noise from the street s_______ to the classroom and affected our study. 6．Janet’s been under a lot of s________ since her mother’s illness. 7．She doesn’t feel l________, though she lives alone now. 8．She felt d________ when she didn’t pass the English exam. 9．My mother was p________ breakfast for my family at this time yesterday. 10．They a_________ about a small thing yesterday. 三、单项选择。 1．— What’s wrong with the food on the table? —I think it has gone bad. It has a strange ________. A．habit B．smell C．voice D．trick 2．—________ important it is to have a healthy diet! —Yes, it can help us stay away from illnesses. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 3．Eating more vegetables and fruit ________ good for our health. A．is B．are C．was D．were 4．—Can I eat another piece of cake? —________ you eat too much, you’ll have a stomachache. A．As long as B．If C．Unless D．Because 5．My teacher often tells us that a sound mind ________ a sound body. A．agrees with B．depends on C．looks for D．waits for 6．—I often feel tired after class. —You should ________ more exercise to keep fit. A．do B．make C．take D．get 7．It’s necessary for teenagers ________ at least eight hours’ sleep every day. A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 8．My mother advises me ________ too much sugar because it’s bad for my teeth. A．to eat B．not to eat C．eating D．not eating 9．Both Maria and Meimei ________ to lose weight. A．need B．needn’t C．doesn’t need D．needs 10．I am never absent ________ the football matches in my school. A．from B．of C．to D．for 11．My cousin always makes me ______ when I feel sad by telling funny stories. A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughing D．laughed 12．My sister is ________. She always makes mistakes in her homework. A．careful B．carefully C．careless D．carelessly 13．—________ do you feel about your growing height? —I feel excited but a little worried about my big feet. A．How B．What C．When D．Why 14．My mother often compares my grades ________ my cousin’s. It makes me feel stressed. A．for B．with C．to D．as 15．—Good news! You’ve passed the driving test. —Hooray! ________, I’ve been really worried about it these days. A．No way B．Sounds great C．At first D．To tell the truth 16．The old man lives ________, and we hope that he won’t feel ________ with the help of kind people. A．alone; lonely B．alone; alone C．lonely; alone D．lonely; lonely 17．It makes no ________ to go out in the heavy rain. Let’s stay at home. A．idea B．sense C．meaning D．reason 18．— I called you but you didn’t answer me. — Oh, sorry. I, together with friends,________ the film at the cinema. A．have watched B．am watching C．was watching D．were watching 19．During her trip to Nanchang, Anna stayed at a hotel where the rooms were bright, quiet, and very ________, so she slept well every night. A．comfortable B．ancient C．faraway D．special 20．—You look sad, Betty. What’s the matter with you? —________. A．I’ve got the first prize B．Sorry to hear that C．I can’t agree more D．I can’t attend the summer camp 四、用方框中所给的单词补全短文。 A 阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每词仅用1次，每空填1词。 three    harm    though    seem    bad    hobby    on    prefer    easy    feel Stay happy, stay healthy. A lot of people are looking for happiness (幸福) all the time. But it 1 hard to get happiness. Here are some methods to help you find happiness and stay healthy 2 . First, focus 3 the present life. It’s improper to spend too much time 4 sorry or regretting (感到遗憾) for the past. These negative attitudes (消极的态度) do 5 to your studies and your life. What’s 6 , they may make you ill. Be confident about the future and live the present life well. That’s the right way. Second, try to develop some 7 , such as swimming, dancing or playing the violin. All these can help you enjoy the real life. 8 , offer a helpful hand to others. Helping others may make you feel proud and happy, 9 it may take you some time. Which way do you 10 ? Have a try and smile at the world. You can find happiness and stay healthy. B 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 for    they    teacher    push    bad    what    problem    sleeping    probably    come In fact, stress is a normal feeling. Everybody will feel it from time to time. Sometimes stress can 1 us to move forward. But stress becomes bad if it affects (影响) our everyday life and health. So how do you know you’re stressed out? And 2 can you do about it? Sometimes stress 3 when you don’t realize (意识到) it. Do you often have a stomach-ache, a headache, or get angry easily? Do you have trouble 4 ? If your answers are yes, you’re 5 facing a lot of stress and you may need help. Talking about your 6 with someone always helps. You can have a talk with your parents, friends, 7 or even doctors. Tell 8 if you’re worried about your schoolwork, or if you have difficult relations with your classmates. Then you can come up with a few solutions (解决办法) together like cutting back on after-school activities, spending more time on proper communication, and going for a short holiday. There’s one important thing you need to remember: having some stress is normal. It’s OK to feel much 9 and angrier sometimes. Don’t be afraid to ask 10 help when you’re in need. 五、语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词，每空最多两个词。 About 80% of people do not get enough vitamin (维生素) D every day. 1 this vitamin is very important for your health. Vitamin D is 2 (real) important for our bones. When we are young, vitamin D builds up our bones and makes 3 (they) strong. When we are older, we still need vitamin D to keep our bones and 4 (tooth) strong. Having 5 bad eating habit can cause vitamin D shortage. But our bodies can’t make vitamin D．So we have to get it from outside of our bodies. Where can a person 6 (get) this very important vitamin? Vitamin D is in foods, such 7 vegetables, fish and eggs. Sometimes, vitamin D is added to bread, milk, and orange juice. Food is not the only way our bodies can get vitamin D．The sun also 8 (give) us vitamin D．If we want to be 9 (health), we should spend some time in the sun each day. Too much sun is not good for you, but spending 15 minutes in the sun every day 10 (be) usually enough. And we should be sure to eat foods that are rich in vitamin D, too. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once there was a little boy who had a bad temper (脾气). His father tried many ways to educate him, 1 none of them worked. One day, his father came up 2 a good idea. He gave him a bag of nails (钉子) and told him that every time he lost his temper, he must hammer a nail into the wall. The boy had no choice but to agree. On 3 (one) day, the boy had driven 37 nails into the wall. Over the next few 4 (week), as he learned to control his temper, the number of nails hammered daily gradually dropped. He discovered it was 5 (easy) to hold his temper than to drive those nails into the wall. Finally the day came when the boy didn’t lose his temper at all. He told his father about it. The father 6 (suggest) that the boy now pull out one nail for each day, so he was able to hold his temper. The days passed and the boy was finally able to tell his father that all the nails 7 (pull) out. The father took his son by the hand and led 8 (he) to the wall. He said, “You 9 (do) well so far, my son, look at the holes in the wall. The wall will never be the same. When you say things 10 (angry), they leave scars just like these holes. You can put a knife in a man and draw it out. But no matter how many times you say you’re sorry, the wound is still there.” 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $