Unit 4 Changing and Growing单元重点易错专项训练2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

Unit 4 Changing and Growing · 单元重点易错专项训练 仁爱科普版（2026）八年级上册 Unit 4 Changing and Growing 单元重点易错专项训练 （9大考点 · 基础+提升+拓展 三层训练 · 附详细解析） ★ 考点一：过去进行时（was/were + doing） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① 结构：was/were + V-ing；I/He/She/It → was doing；You/We/They → were doing；② 用法：过去某时刻正在进行的动作（At 8pm yesterday, I was reading.）；过去某段时间内持续动作（She was studying all morning.）；③ 常与when/while连用：When you called, I was taking a shower. / While I was cooking, he was setting the table.；④ 易错：was/were后接doing不是do（× was read → √ was reading）；when可接短暂/延续动词，while只接延续动词；⑤ 与一般过去时区别：过去进行时强调"正在进行/未完成"，一般过去时强调"已完成" ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. I ______ a shower at 8 o'clock yesterday evening. A. take B. was taking C. took D. am taking ▷（ ）2. They ______ football when it started to rain. A. play B. were playing C. played D. are playing ▷（ ）3. She ______ her homework all afternoon last Sunday. A. does B. did C. was doing D. is doing ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. When the teacher came in, the students ______ quietly. A. talked B. were talking C. are talking D. talk ◇（ ）2. While Mum ______ dinner, Dad was watering the garden. A. cooks B. cooked C. was cooking D. is cooking ◇（ ）3. — What were you doing at noon yesterday? — I ______. A. sleep B. was sleeping C. slept D. am sleeping ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. I ______ (walk) home when I met Chen Wu yesterday. ★（ ）2. While they ______ (watch) TV, the lights went out. ★（ ）3. What ______ (be) Jam doing at 7pm last night? ★ 考点二：形容词后缀 -ful / -less 辨析（hopeful/hopeless, careful/careless） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① -ful = 充满…的/有…的（肯定意义）：hope→hopeful有希望的；care→careful小心的；use→useful有用的；power→powerful强大的；meaning→meaningful有意义的；joy→joyful喜悦的；beauty→beautiful美丽的；② -less = 无…的/没有…的（否定意义）：hope→hopeless无望的；care→careless粗心的；use→useless无用的；meaning→meaningless无意义的；harm→harmless无害的；pain→painless无痛的；③ 易错：careful(细心)≠careless(粗心)；hopeful(有希望)≠hopeless(绝望)；拼写：mercy→merciful(不是mercyful)；plenty→plentiful；④ 名词+ful/less→形容词，修饰名词或作表语 ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. He is always ______. He never makes mistakes. A. careless B. careful C. use D. helpful ▷（ ）2. This old phone is completely ______ now. A. useful B. used C. useless D. using ▷（ ）3. She felt ______ because she failed the exam. A. hopeful B. joyful C. powerful D. hopeless ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Playing games all day is ______. We should do something better. A. meaningful B. meaningless C. useful D. helpful ◇（ ）2. The medicine can make the pain go away. It is ______. A. painless B. pain C. painful D. painness ◇（ ）3. Be ______ with your words. They can hurt others. A. careless B. careful C. use D. helpful ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. He is very ______ (help) to his neighbours. ★（ ）2. Throwing away ______ (use) things keeps the room tidy. ★（ ）3. Tina was ______ (joy) because she got good grades. ★ 考点三：现在完成时（have/has + done）与 for / since 连用 ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① 结构：have/has + 过去分词；I have grown / She has changed；② 标志词：already/yet/ever/never/just/recently/so far/for+段时间/since+点时间；③ for + 段时间（for two years）；since + 点时间（since 2023/since I was young）；④ 易错：短暂动词不能与for/since连用（× he has joined for 3 years → √ he has been in...for 3 years）；gone to（去了未回）vs been to（去过已回）；⑤ 描述成长变化：I have grown 10cm./We have changed a lot. ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Lily has ______ a lot since she entered junior high. A. change B. changing C. changed D. changes ▷（ ）2. Chen Wu has lived in Kunming ______ 2020. A. for B. since C. in D. at ▷（ ）3. Jam has ______ been to Jinan three times. A. never B. ever C. just D. yet ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. They have ______ the club for over a year. A. joined B. been in C. joined in D. leave ◇（ ）2. ______ you ever ______ a poem in English? A. Have; wrote B. Did; write C. Have; written D. Are; writing ◇（ ）3. She has ______ her English book yet. A. not found B. found not C. didn't find D. doesn't find ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. I have ______ (grow) 5cm taller this year. ★（ ）2. She has ______ (learn) to play the guitar since last summer. ★（ ）3. They ______ (not finish) the project yet. ★ 考点四：used to do / be used to doing / be used to do 三胞胎辨析 ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① used to + 原形 = 过去常常（现在不做了）：I used to play with toys. / She used to be shy.；② be used to + doing = 习惯于…（to是介词）：I am used to getting up early now.；③ be used to + do = 被用来做（被动）：Wood is used to make paper.；④ 否定：didn't use to（最常用）/ used not to（正式）；疑问：Did...use to...?；⑤ 易错：used to + 原形不是doing；be used to + doing不是do；三种用法to词性完全不同 ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Jam used to ______ in Jinan, but now he lives in Kunming. A. live B. living C. lived D. lives ▷（ ）2. Lily is used to ______ up early every morning. A. get B. getting C. got D. gets ▷（ ）3. Wood is used to ______ paper and furniture. A. make B. making C. made D. makes ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Chen Wu didn't use to ______ spicy food, but now he loves it. A. like B. liking C. liked D. likes ◇（ ）2. — Did he use to ______ glasses? — Yes, he did. A. wear B. wearing C. wore D. worn ◇（ ）3. They ______ living in the countryside now. A. used to B. are used to C. use to D. were used to ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. She used to ______ (be) afraid of the dark. ★（ ）2. He is used to ______ (read) before bed now. ★（ ）3. Computers are used to ______ (help) us study. ★ 考点五：核心短语辨析（deal with / grow up / make progress / compare with / no longer） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① deal with = 处理/应对（How do you deal with pressure? = cope with）；② grow up = 长大（I want to be a doctor when I grow up.）；③ make progress = 取得进步（make great progress in English）；④ compare with = 与…相比（Don't compare yourself with others.）；⑤ no longer = 不再（= not...any longer）：I am no longer a child.；⑥ 易错：deal with用how提问不用what；compare with（与…相比）/ compare to（把…比作）；no longer放在be后/行为动词前 ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. How do you ______ with the growing pains? A. do B. make C. deal D. take ▷（ ）2. I want to be a scientist when I ______. A. grow up B. grow C. am growing D. grew up ▷（ ）3. She has ______ great progress in her studies. A. done B. made C. taken D. got ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. Don't ______ yourself with others. It makes you unhappy. A. compare B. compete C. complain D. connect ◇（ ）2. I am ______ a teenager. I am an adult now. A. not longer B. no longer C. not any long D. no long ◇（ ）3. ______ with last year, I am much taller now. A. Compare B. Compared C. Comparing D. To compare ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. He is learning to ______ (deal) with pressure. ★（ ）2. We should not ______ (compare) our lives with others'. ★（ ）3. She no longer ______ (live) with her parents. ★ 考点六：形容词比较级与最高级（规则/不规则/more and more/much修饰） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① 规则：tall→taller→tallest；heavy→heavier→heaviest；happy→happier→happiest；② 多音节：more beautiful / the most beautiful；③ 不规则：good/well→better→best；bad/ill→worse→worst；many/much→more→most；little→less→least；④ 句型：比较级 A + than + B；最高级 the + 最高级 + 范围（in our class）；⑤ much/a little/far/even + 比较级；more and more + 原级（越来越…）；⑥ 易错：one of the + 最高级 + 复数（× one of the tallest student → √ students）；much修饰比较级不是very ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Jam is ______ than his brother. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest ▷（ ）2. Kunming is ______ than Jinan in winter. A. much warmer B. very warmer C. more warmer D. most warm ▷（ ）3. He is one of ______ students in our school. A. the tallest B. tallest C. taller D. the taller ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. English is becoming ______ and ______ important. A. more; more B. much; much C. the; the D. less; less ◇（ ）2. The movie is ______ than I expected. A. far interesting B. far more interesting C. very interesting D. more far interesting ◇（ ）3. My new school is ______ than my old one. A. good B. better C. best D. more good ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. He is ______ (good) at maths than his sister. ★（ ）2. This is the ______ (exciting) book I have ever read. ★（ ）3. The ______ (hard) you work, the ______ (lucky) you get. ★ 考点七：核心动词辨析（accept / refuse / advise / encourage / overcome） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① accept = 接受（accept advice/an invitation）；② refuse = 拒绝（refuse to do sth）；③ advise = 建议（advise sb to do sth）；④ encourage = 鼓励（encourage sb to do sth）；⑤ overcome = 克服（overcome difficulties/fears）；⑥ 易错：accept(接受)/receive(收到)不同；refuse to + do不是doing；advise sb to do（不是doing）；encourage sb to do；overcome过去式overcame/过去分词overcome ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. Lily ______ the gift from her friend happily. A. received B. accepted C. refused D. advised ▷（ ）2. My mum ______ me to study harder. A. advised B. encouraged C. refused D. both A and B ▷（ ）3. He ______ to go to the party because he was tired. A. accepted B. advised C. refused D. encouraged ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. She ______ many difficulties in her life and became stronger. A. overcame B. received C. accepted D. encouraged ◇（ ）2. The teacher ______ us to take part in the competition. A. refused B. advised C. encouraged D. accepted ◇（ ）3. I ______ his invitation because I had no time. A. accepted B. received C. refused D. advised ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. She ______ (accept) the job offer last week. ★（ ）2. My father always ______ (encourage) me to do my best. ★（ ）3. He has ______ (overcome) his fear of heights. ★ 考点八：情态动词辨析（should / shouldn't / had better / must / can） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① should + 原形 = 应该（建议/责任）：You should exercise regularly.；② shouldn't = 不应该：You shouldn't eat too much junk food.；③ had better + 原形 = 最好（语气强）：You'd better go to bed early.；否定had better not do；④ must = 必须（表义务）：You must finish your homework.；mustn't = 禁止（≠ don't have to不必）；⑤ can = 能/可以：I can swim. / Can you help me?；⑥ 易错：should/had better后接原形无三单变化；must提问用needn't回答；had better not + 原形 ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. You ______ drink more water every day. A. should B. shouldn't C. had better not D. mustn't ▷（ ）2. You'd better ______ to bed early tonight. A. go B. to go C. going D. goes ▷（ ）3. — Must I clean the room now? — No, you ______. A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't D. shouldn't ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. You ______ smoke in public places. It's bad for health. A. should B. can C. mustn't D. had better ◇（ ）2. She ______ stay up late. It's bad for her skin. A. should B. had better C. shouldn't D. can ◇（ ）3. ______ I borrow your dictionary? — Sure, here you are. A. Should B. Must C. Had better D. Can ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. You should ______ (exercise) at least three times a week. ★（ ）2. He'd better ______ (not play) computer games too long. ★（ ）3. We must ______ (protect) the environment for our future. ★ 考点九：综合句型与交际（成长描述/建议交际/感叹句/宾语从句） ★ ⚠ 易错速记：① 描述成长变化：I have changed a lot. / I used to be shy, but now I am confident. / I have grown 10cm taller.；② 建议交际：What's the matter? / Can you give me some advice? / Why not...? / How about...? / You'd better...；③ 感叹句：What a beautiful girl she is! / How fast he runs!；④ 宾语从句（陈述语序）：I think (that) growing up is not easy. / She said (that) she was happy.；⑤ 易错：宾语从句用陈述语序（× what is it → √ what it is）；think后接that从句；感叹句What修饰名词/How修饰形容词副词 ▷ 基础题（选择题） ▷（ ）1. — What's wrong with you? — I feel ______ about my grades. A. upset B. upsetting C. upsetted D. upsetly ▷（ ）2. Can you give me some ______ on how to study better? A. advise B. advices C. advice D. suggest ▷（ ）3. ______ beautiful the flower is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ◇ 提升题（选择题） ◇（ ）1. I think that growing up ______ easy. It has challenges. A. isn't B. don't C. doesn't D. aren't ◇（ ）2. She said that she ______ very happy about her progress. A. is B. was C. were D. be ◇（ ）3. — I failed the exam. — ______. You can do better next time. A. Congratulations B. Good luck C. Cheer up D. Well done ★ 拓展题（用适当形式填空） ★（ ）1. He said he ______ (be) no longer worried about his weight. ★（ ）2. What a ______ (wonder) time we had at the party! ★（ ）3. I think that everyone ______ (have) growing pains. 📖 参考答案与详细解析 ◎考点一：过去进行时（was/were + doing） 【基础题】 1. I ______ a shower at 8 o'clock. 答案：B。解析：at 8 o'clock yesterday → 过去进行时。I → was taking。 2. They ______ football when it rained. 答案：B。解析：when+短暂动作，主句用过去进行时were playing。 3. She ______ homework all afternoon. 答案：C。解析：all afternoon过去某段时间→was doing。过去进行时。 【提升题】 1. When the teacher came in... 答案：B。解析：came in短暂动作，学生正在谈话→were talking。 2. While Mum ______ dinner... 答案：C。解析：while + 延续动词→过去进行时was cooking。 3. What were you doing at noon? 答案：B。解析：at noon yesterday→过去进行时was sleeping。 【拓展题】 1. was walking. 答案：was walking。解析：when+met(短暂)，主句用过去进行时was walking。 2. were watching. 答案：were watching。解析：while+过去进行时。they复数→were watching。 3. was. 答案：was。解析：Jam单数→was。What was Jam doing? ◎考点二：形容词后缀 -ful / -less 辨析 【基础题】 1. He is always ______. Never makes mistakes. 答案：B。解析：不犯错→careful（小心的）。careless是粗心的。 2. This old phone is completely ______. 答案：C。解析：旧手机→useless（无用的）。否定意义。 3. She felt ______ because she failed. 答案：D。解析：考试失败→hopeless（绝望的）。 【提升题】 1. Playing games all day is ______. 答案：B。解析：整天打游戏→meaningless（无意义的）。 2. The medicine...painless. 答案：A。解析：药能止痛→painless（无痛的）。以-less结尾。 3. Be ______ with your words. 答案：B。解析：言语会伤人→be careful（小心）。 【拓展题】 1. helpful. 答案：helpful。解析：help+ful = 有帮助的。对邻居很有帮助。 2. useless. 答案：useless。解析：use+less = 无用的。扔掉无用之物保持整洁。 3. joyful. 答案：joyful。解析：joy+ful = 喜悦的。Tina因好成绩而开心。 ◎考点三：现在完成时（have/has + done）与 for / since 【基础题】 1. Lily has ______ a lot since junior high. 答案：C。解析：since提示完成时。change→changed。 2. Chen Wu has lived in Kunming ______ 2020. 答案：B。解析：2020是时间点→since。自从2020年。 3. Jam has ______ been to Jinan three times. 答案：B。解析：否定意义的频度→never。 【提升题】 1. They have ______ the club for a year. 答案：B。解析：for+段时间需延续。join短暂→been in。 2. Have you ever ______ a poem? 答案：C。解析：ever+完成时。write→written（过去分词）。 3. She has ______ her book yet. 答案：A。解析：yet否定句→has not found。hasn't found。 【拓展题】 1. grown. 答案：grown。解析：grow→grown（过去分词）。今年长高了5厘米。 2. learned/learnt. 答案：learned。解析：learn→learned/learnt。自从去年夏天在学吉他。 3. haven't finished. 答案：haven't finished。解析：yet否定→haven't finished。还没完成项目。 ◎考点四：used to do / be used to doing / be used to do 辨析 【基础题】 1. Jam used to ______ in Jinan. 答案：A。解析：used to + 原形live。过去住在济南。 2. Lily is used to ______ up early. 答案：B。解析：be used to + doing。习惯于早起。 3. Wood is used to ______ paper. 答案：A。解析：be used to do = 被用来做。制造纸张。 【提升题】 1. Chen Wu didn't use to ______ spicy food. 答案：A。解析：didn't use to + 原形like。过去不喜欢辣。 2. Did he use to ______ glasses? 答案：A。解析：Did...use to + 原形wear。过去戴眼镜吗？ 3. They ______ living in the countryside. 答案：B。解析：be used to + doing。他们习惯了乡村生活。 【拓展题】 1. be. 答案：be。解析：used to + 原形be。她过去怕黑。 2. reading. 答案：reading。解析：be used to + doing。他习惯睡前阅读。 3. help. 答案：help。解析：be used to do = 被用来做。电脑被用来帮助学习。 ◎考点五：核心短语辨析（deal with/grow up/make progress/compare with/no longer） 【基础题】 1. How do you ______ with growing pains? 答案：C。解析：deal with = 处理。how提问用deal with。 2. when I ______. 答案：A。解析：grow up = 长大。长大后想当科学家。 3. She has ______ great progress. 答案：B。解析：make progress = 取得进步。固定搭配。 【提升题】 1. Don't ______ yourself with others. 答案：A。解析：compare...with = 与...相比。不要和别人比较。 2. I am ______ a teenager. 答案：B。解析：no longer = 不再。放在be后。我不再是少年。 3. Compared with last year... 答案：B。解析：compared with = 与...相比（固定搭配）。过去分词作状语。 【拓展题】 1. deal. 答案：deal。解析：how to deal with = 如何处理。learn to + 原形。 2. compare. 答案：compare。解析：should not + 原形compare。不要和别人比较生活。 3. lives. 答案：lives。解析：no longer放在行为动词前。she单数→lives。 ◎考点六：形容词比较级与最高级 【基础题】 1. Jam is ______ than his brother. 答案：B。解析：than提示比较级。tall→taller。 2. Kunming is ______ than Jinan in winter. 答案：A。解析：much修饰比较级。much warmer。 3. He is one of ______ students. 答案：A。解析：one of + the + 最高级 + 复数。the tallest students。 【提升题】 1. English is becoming ______ and ______. 答案：A。解析：more and more + 原级。越来越重要。 2. The movie is ______ than I expected. 答案：B。解析：far修饰比较级。far more interesting。 3. My new school is ______ than my old one. 答案：B。解析：than提示比较级。good→better。 【拓展题】 1. better. 答案：better。解析：than提示比较级。good→better。数学比妹妹好。 2. most exciting. 答案：most exciting。解析：I have ever read提示最高级。多音节加most。 3. harder; luckier. 答案：harder; luckier。解析：the + 比较级..., the + 比较级...。越努力越幸运。 ◎考点七：核心动词辨析（accept/refuse/advise/encourage/overcome） 【基础题】 1. Lily ______ the gift happily. 答案：B。解析：accept = 接受（主观意愿）。高兴地接受了礼物。 2. My mum ______ me to study harder. 答案：D。解析：advise/encourage都可+sb to do。两者均正确。 3. He ______ to go to the party. 答案：C。解析：refuse to do = 拒绝做某事。累了拒绝去聚会。 【提升题】 1. She ______ many difficulties. 答案：A。解析：overcome = 克服困难。过去式overcame。 2. The teacher ______ us to take part. 答案：C。解析：encourage sb to do = 鼓励某人做。老师鼓励我们参赛。 3. I ______ his invitation. 答案：C。解析：refuse = 拒绝。没有时间所以拒绝了邀请。 【拓展题】 1. accepted. 答案：accepted。解析：accept→accepted。上周接受了工作offer。 2. encourages. 答案：encourages。解析：encourage→encourages。father单数→encourages。 3. overcome. 答案：overcome。解析：现在完成时has + done。overcome过去分词不变。 ◎考点八：情态动词辨析（should/shouldn't/had better/must/can） 【基础题】 1. You ______ drink more water. 答案：A。解析：should = 应该。你应该多喝水。 2. You'd better ______ to bed early. 答案：A。解析：had better + 原形go。最好早睡。 3. Must I clean now? — No, you ______. 答案：B。解析：must提问用needn't回答。不必现在打扫。 【提升题】 1. You ______ smoke in public. 答案：C。解析：mustn't = 禁止。禁止在公共场所吸烟。 2. She ______ stay up late. 答案：C。解析：stay up late有害→shouldn't。不应该熬夜。 3. ______ I borrow your dictionary? 答案：D。解析：can = 可以/能。请求借用字典。 【拓展题】 1. exercise. 答案：exercise。解析：should + 原形exercise。应该每周锻炼至少三次。 2. not play. 答案：not play。解析：had better not + 原形。最好不要玩太久电脑游戏。 3. protect. 答案：protect。解析：must + 原形protect。必须保护环境。 ◎考点九：综合句型与交际（成长描述/建议/感叹句/宾语从句） 【基础题】 1. I feel ______ about my grades. 答案：A。解析：feel + -ed形容词。人感到upset（沮丧的）。 2. Can you give me some ______? 答案：C。解析：advice不可数名词。some advice（不是advices）。 3. ______ beautiful the flower is! 答案：C。解析：How + adj! How beautiful...! 感叹句。 【提升题】 1. I think growing up ______ easy. 答案：A。解析：宾语从句。growing up单数→isn't easy。 2. She said she ______ very happy. 答案：B。解析：主过从退。is→was。她说她很开心。 3. I failed... — ______. 答案：C。解析：Cheer up = 振作起来。鼓励对方下次更好。 【拓展题】 1. was. 答案：was。解析：主过从退。直接引语→间接引语。he→was no longer worried。 2. wonderful. 答案：wonderful。解析：What a + adj + n! wonder→wonderful。多么美好的时光！ 3. has. 答案：has。解析：宾语从句。everyone单数→has。每个人都有成长的烦恼。 — 练习结束，愿你在变化中成长，在挑战中绽放！ — 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $