【周周有招】同步登顶班讲义第20讲书面表达-推荐信提分密码（语篇精读与书面表达）2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

人教版初三英语 全一册 精品讲义2026秋初三（上册）英语-新教材人教版全一册 第20讲　语篇精读与书面表达——推荐信提分密码 书面表达精讲（学生版） 写作课 ● 推荐信"观点 + 细节 + 高级句型"提分 一、开篇导航与学习目标 【开篇导航 · 阅卷现场的分数落差】 同一道推荐信题（推荐一首歌），两位同学的作答如下： A同学：The song is very good. It makes me happy. I like it. → 要点齐全、无语法错误，得分 11/15。失分点：全篇简单句、无细节支撑、无高级句型。 B同学：The song is highly inspiring. Whenever I feel tired or frustrated, its soft melody calms me down. It is the positive attitude that the song conveys that encourages me. → 得分 14/15。加分点：Whenever 引导的细节从句 + It is... that... 强调句。 同样是"推荐一首歌"，差 3 分的根本原因不是词汇量，而是句子有没有"长肉"、细节有没有落地。本讲拆掉"只会写简单句"的旧路径，铺设"观点 + 细节 + 高级句型"的新路径。 【学习目标】读一遍，学完整讲再回头看是否达成： 1. 读完本讲，你能用"四步解题法"拆解语法填空，快速判定无提示词空位的逻辑关系，并对提示词完成词形转换。 2. 你能独立把一句话的主干套进定语从句、强调句两种高级句型，完成"简单句 → 复合句"的升级，并会用"去掉 It is... that... 句子是否完整"检验强调句与定语从句。 3. 你能按"观点 + 细节/感受"的模式写推荐信正文段，让每一条推荐理由都有支撑，不再写干巴巴的空泛评价。 二、撞墙导入：语篇精读 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I spent a lot of time learning to play the guitar. My father 1.______ (teach) me how to play it. At first, I found it very difficult. My fingers hurt from 2.______ (practice) every day. I even wanted to give up. However, my father encouraged me 3.______ (keep) trying. He told me that music could bring me joy and peace. Slowly, I began to enjoy 4.______ (play) the guitar. I practiced for two hours every day 5.______ I was tired. Now, I can play many beautiful songs. 6.______ I meet difficulties in my life, I will play the guitar. The beautiful music always makes 7.______ (I) feel relaxed. I am really thankful to my father. It was he 8.______ helped me find this wonderful hobby. I strongly recommend 9.______ (learn) a musical instrument to everyone. It will 10.______ (definite) change your life! 作答： 1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____ 6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____ 【四步落地】 本篇卡点集中在第 5 题（查逻辑：让步 ≠ 因果）与第 8 题（定句型：强调句 ≠ 定语从句）。其余题目按"判词性 → 看搭配 → 定时态"三步即可锁定。完整四步为：判词性（分析句子成分，定缺什么词）→ 看搭配（固定短语、介词搭配、句型结构）→ 定时态/语态/单复数（动词看时间标志词，名词看修饰语）→ 查逻辑（无提示词处分析前后句的并列、转折、因果、让步关系）。 三、句型仿写精讲：让句子"长肉" 写推荐信时，最怕全篇都是"主谓宾"的简单句。用高级句型把短句"缝合"起来，句子就有了层次。 （一）定语从句：把零散信息打包 低分句（干巴巴）：The gift changed my life. It is a guitar. My father gave it to me. 请按下面提示，把它升级为一个含两个 that 定语从句的复合句： 我的升级版：________________________________________ 【升级逻辑】用两个 that 引导的定语从句，把三个短句缝合：原本 3 句话、3 个主谓结构，合并后只留 1 个主句 + 2 个从句，减少主谓重复，突出核心名词 gift 与 guitar。 【避坑指南】先行词是人，关系代词用 who/whom/that；先行词是物，用 which/that。切记：介词后面（如 in which），绝对不能使用 that！ 【用法补全】 ① 所属关系用 whose：The book whose cover is red is mine. ② 时间/地点/原因在从句中作状语，用关系副词 when / where / why：I still remember the day when I first heard this song. ③ 先行词被最高级、序数词或 the only 修饰时，只能用 that：This is the best book that I have ever read.（不可用 which） （二）强调句：凸显核心亮点 低分句（干巴巴）：This song helped me overcome the difficulty. 请把它改写为强调句（强调主语 this song）： 我的升级版：________________________________________ 【升级逻辑】使用强调句型 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他，把读者的注意力强行聚焦在 this song 上，语气更强烈。 【错误路径演示】学生常把强调句与定语从句混淆。判断标准：把 It is/was 和 that 去掉，若句子依然完整，则是强调句；若缺成分，则是定语从句。 对比：It is the song that I like.（定语从句，去掉后 I like 缺宾语）　vs　It is this song that helps me.（强调句，去掉后 This song helps me 依然完整） 【补全 · 时态呼应铁律】强调句主句时态与被强调部分剩余谓语一致：原句谓语为过去式 touched，强调句须用 It was... that...；若原句为现在时 touches，则用 It is... that...。 【补全 · 特殊结构】强调"直到……才……"用 It is/was not until... that...：It was not until midnight that he finished his homework. （三）非限制性定语从句：补充高级评价 低分句（干巴巴）：I read the book. The book is very inspiring. 请用逗号 + which 改写为一个含非限制性定语从句的句子： 我的升级版：________________________________________ 【升级逻辑】用逗号加 which 引导非限制性定语从句，对前文作补充评价，展现长句驾驭能力。注意：此处 which 不能用 that 替换。 【高考核心增补】which 除指代先行词外，还可指代前面整个句子或一整件事，此时从句谓语动词用单数。例：He passed the exam, which made his parents happy.（which 指代"他通过考试"这件事，不可用 that） 四、书面表达精讲：推荐信这样写 （一）推荐信三段式结构与高分模板 1. 开头段：开门见山，表明写信目的。 2. 正文段：详细阐述推荐理由（2—3 个要点），必须包含细节支撑。 3. 结尾段：总结推荐，表达期望。 【高分模板 · 开头】Learning that you are under great pressure, I am writing to recommend... to you. 【高分模板 · 结尾】I do hope my recommendation will be of great help to you. / Don't hesitate to share your thoughts with me. （二）破解"干巴巴"：正文段细节展开法（Detailing） 正文段绝对不能只写 It is a good book/song.，必须采用"观点 + 细节/感受"的模式。 干巴巴的写法：The song is very good. It makes me happy. 有血肉的写法：The song is highly inspiring (观点). When I feel tired or frustrated, its soft melody always calms me down and gives me the courage to face challenges (细节/感受). 【观点 + 细节公式】 【观点句(adj.)】+【When / Whenever / If 情境从句】+【感受或结果：make me feel... / give me the courage to...】 （三）高分范文拆解与实战填空 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友 Peter 最近感到学习压力大，请你给他写一封推荐信，推荐一首你最喜欢的中文歌曲《孤勇者》（Lonely Warrior），帮助他缓解压力。 Dear Peter, I am sorry to hear that you are under great pressure. I am writing to recommend a Chinese song named Lonely Warrior to you, 1.______ I believe will help you relax. There are several reasons why I highly recommend it. First, the melody is extremely 2.______ (inspire). 3.______ (当……时候) I feel tired, listening to it always makes me 4.______ (feel) energetic. Second, the lyrics are full of power. It tells us that even ordinary people can be heroes 5.______ fight against difficulties. 6.______ is the positive attitude 7.______ the song conveys that encourages me to keep going. I hope this song can bring you strength. I am looking forward to 8.______ (hear) your thoughts on it. Yours, Li Hua 作答： 1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____ 6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 避坑 · 全讲最高频翻车点：第 7 空与其后的 that 常被同时视为定语从句关系词，导致全句无主句。正解：第 7 空是定语从句（修饰 attitude，作 conveys 的宾语，可省略）；其后的 that encourages me... 才是强调句的连接词（不作成分）。强调句框架为 It is... that...，中间被一个定语从句打断。 （四）本单元三句考场亮点句（必背） 1. 定语从句：I strongly recommend the book which not only broadens my horizons but also enriches my mind. 2. 强调句：It is the wonderful story that deeply touches my heart and teaches me the importance of persistence. 3. Only 倒装句：Only by reading this book can you truly understand the charm of traditional Chinese culture. 注意前提：Only + 状语（介词短语/副词/状语从句）位于句首时，主句才部分倒装。若 Only + 主语（如 Only you can do it.），则不倒装。 【考场替换槽 · 句式迁移模板】将推荐对象（book）替换为本讲任一主题词（song / museum / Guzheng）即可套用： ① I strongly recommend ______ which not only ______ but also ______. ② It is ______ that deeply touches my heart. ③ Only by ______ can you truly understand the charm of ______. 五、实战运用与分层练习 （一）基础层 · 考点复现：短文语法填空 【分层依据】聚焦本讲定语从句、强调句、倒装句与词形转换的直接复现，对标高考语法填空的基础得分点。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Music is a universal language. When we listen to music, we can share our feelings with others. Last month, our school held a music festival. Many students participated 1.______ it. While 2.______ (sing) on the stage, they heard the fans screaming loudly, 3.______ made them very excited. One of the 4.______ (perform) was my friend, Tom. He played the piano 5.______ (beautiful). He told me that he 6.______ (practice) the piano for five years. It was his passion for music 7.______ kept him going. The festival was 8.______ great success. Not only 9.______ it bring us joy, but it also helped us relieve stress. I highly recommend that every school 10.______ (hold) such meaningful activities in the future. 作答： 1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____ 6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____ （二）提升层 · 语篇逻辑：完形填空 【分层依据】在完整叙事语篇中考查情感线索、词汇复现与逻辑关系，对标高考完形 15 空规格。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I used to think playing the piano was just about hitting the right keys. I practiced every day and could play any song perfectly. But during my first school concert, my teacher said my playing was 1.______. "You played all the right notes," she said, "but where's the 2.______?" I was confused. In fact, I felt so 3.______ that I nearly wanted to 4.______ the piano. I went home and asked my grandpa, who was a music lover. He smiled and put on an old record. "Listen," he said. The music was simple, but it made me want to 5.______. "This musician isn't just playing notes," Grandpa explained. "He is telling a 6.______. He is sharing his life." 7.______, his words didn't make sense to me at once. 8.______, as I listened to the record again and again, I began to see his point. Finally, I 9.______. I went back to the piano. This time, I didn't just think about my 10.______. I thought about the happy times with my friends, the sad moments when I failed a test, and the 11.______ I felt when I helped others. I let those feelings flow through my fingers into the 12.______. At the next concert, I didn't play perfectly. I made a small 13.______. But when I finished, the audience stood up and warm 14.______ filled the hall. My teacher hugged me and said, "Now, that was 15.______!" I finally understood that music is not just about skills; it's about the heart. 1. A. wonderful　　B. lifeless　　C. loud　　D. fast 2. A. time　　B. money　　C. feeling　　D. audience 3. A. proud　　B. discouraged　　C. excited　　D. relaxed 4. A. give up　　B. take up　　C. make up　　D. turn up 5. A. cry　　B. sleep　　C. leave　　D. argue 6. A. joke　　B. lie　　C. secret　　D. story 7. A. Therefore　　B. However　　C. Besides　　D. Instead 8. A. Gradually　　B. Generally　　C. Luckily　　D. Strangely 9. A. forgot　　B. understood　　C. regretted　　D. worried 10. A. fingers　　B. homework　　C. friends　　D. piano 11. A. fear　　B. joy　　C. anger　　D. doubt 12. A. keys　　B. books　　C. records　　D. desks 13. A. promise　　B. decision　　C. mistake　　D. friend 14. A. applause　　B. argument　　C. silence　　D. pressure 15. A. music　　B. noise　　C. silence　　D. practice 作答： 1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____ 6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____ 11. ____ 12. ____ 13. ____ 14. ____ 15. ____ （三）挑战层 · 高考对接：主题一致性阅读（音乐与艺术） 【分层依据】对标高考阅读题型，强化主题一致性（音乐与艺术推荐），覆盖段落大意、细节理解、词义猜测与推理判断四类考点。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Have you ever heard of "Music Therapy" (音乐治疗)? It is not just listening to music for fun. It is a real medical treatment used in hospitals. Doctors have found that music can change the way our brains work. For example, when patients listen to soft and slow music, their heart rates slow down, and they feel less pain. This is very helpful for people who have trouble sleeping or are recovering from surgeries (手术). Moreover, music therapy is widely used for children with autism (自闭症). These children often find it hard to communicate with others. But when they play instruments or sing together, they learn to share, listen, and express their feelings. Music gives them a "voice" when words fail. If you are feeling stressed or sad today, don't just sit there. Put on your favorite song, close your eyes, and let the music heal (治愈) you. You might be surprised by how powerful a simple melody can be! 1. What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To explain how music changes brain waves.　B. To show how music helps patients feel less pain and sleep better.　C. To introduce different kinds of soft music.　D. To warn people about the dangers of loud music. 2. According to the passage, why is music helpful for children with autism? A. It helps them learn how to play instruments perfectly.　B. It gives them a way to communicate and express feelings.　C. It cures their illness completely without medicine.　D. It teaches them how to write songs for others. 3. What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Become a Music Therapist　B. The History of Music Therapy　C. Music: More Than Just Entertainment　D. The Best Songs for Sleeping 4. What does the underlined word "heal" in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Cure　　B. Hurt　　C. Surprise　　D. Confuse 作答：1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 【长难句分析】 Music gives them a "voice" when words fail. 主干：Music gives them a "voice"（主谓双宾结构）。when 引导时间状语从句，此处意为"在言语失效的时候"。理解要点：fail 在此不是"失败"，而是"失灵、不起作用"；全句含比喻义——自闭症儿童难以用语言表达，音乐成了他们表达情感的替代"声音"。 六、课后巩固练习 （一）单句升级改写（运用高级句型） 请将下列"干巴巴"的简单句，运用括号内的提示句型进行升级改写。 (1) I like the book. The book is about Chinese history. （使用定语从句合并） 改写：________________________________________ (2) The traditional Chinese painting touched me deeply. （使用强调句强调主语） 改写：________________________________________ (3) You can understand the beauty of art only by visiting the museum. （使用 Only 倒装句） 改写：________________________________________ （二）微写作：推荐信正文段 假设你校英语报正在征集"我最推荐的艺术活动"稿件。请你写一段 60 词左右的正文段，向同学们推荐参观博物馆（visiting a museum）或学习一门传统乐器（learning a traditional instrument）。 要求：必须包含至少一个细节支撑（When/If 引导的从句）和一个高级句型（定语从句或强调句）。 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ （三）语篇语法填空（主题：中国传统乐器走向世界） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Guzheng, a traditional Chinese musical instrument, has a history of over 2,500 years. It is known 1.______ its beautiful and flowing sound. In recent years, the Guzheng 2.______ (become) increasingly popular not only in China but also around the world. Many young people are showing great interest in 3.______ (play) it. They believe that learning the Guzheng is a great way to connect with 4.______ (tradition) Chinese culture. When they play the instrument, they feel a sense of 5.______ (peaceful) and pride. 6.______ makes the Guzheng so special is its unique playing techniques. Players use their fingers 7.______ (create) different sounds, 8.______ sound like flowing water or singing birds. It is highly recommended that more schools 9.______ (offer) Guzheng classes. Only in this way 10.______ this beautiful art form be passed down to the next generation. 作答： 1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____ 6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____ 七、思维自检清单 交卷前，请逐项勾选，确认思考方式已从"凑字数"转变为"造高分"： 【语法填空采分自检】 □ 我填的词在句中作什么成分？（定主谓宾 → 决定词性） □ 它和前后词是什么逻辑？（定连词/介词） □ 动作是谁发出的？发生在什么时候？（定主动/被动、时态） 【推荐信正文段采分自检】 □ 我的正文段是否只有 It is good/useful 这种干瘪评价？若是，必须补细节。 □ 我是否补充了 When/Whenever I..., I feel... 的具体细节和真实感受？ □ 我是否成功用上了一个 that/which 定语从句或 It is/was... that... 强调句来拉升句式档次？ 【倒装句排雷自检】 □ 我写的 Only 句型，Only 后面跟的是状语还是主语？ □ 若是主语（Only you can do it.），我是否忘记了倒装？（绝不能写成 Only you can you do it.） 【强调句排雷自检】 □ 去掉 It is/was 与 that 后句子是否完整？（完整 → 强调句；缺成分 → 定语从句） □ 强调句的时态是否与被强调部分的谓语时态一致？ □ 我是否误用了 which 代替强调句中的 that？ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版初三英语 全一册 精品讲义2026秋初三（上册）英语-新教材人教版全一册 第20讲 语篇精读与书面表达——推荐信提分密码 书面表达精讲（教师版） 写作课 ● 推荐信“观点 + 细节 + 高级句型”提分 一、开篇导航与学习目标 【开篇导航 · 阅卷现场的分数落差】 同一道推荐信题（推荐一首歌），两位同学的作答如下： A同学：The song is very good. It makes me happy. I like it. → 要点齐全、无语法错误，得分 11/15。失分点：全篇简单句、无细节支撑、无高级句型。 B同学：The song is highly inspiring. Whenever I feel tired or frustrated, its soft melody calms me down. It is the positive attitude that the song conveys that encourages me. → 得分 14/15。加分点：Whenever 引导的细节从句 + It is... that... 强调句。 同样是“推荐一首歌”，差 3 分的根本原因不是词汇量，而是句子有没有“长肉”、细节有没有落地。本讲拆掉“只会写简单句”的旧路径，铺设“观点 + 细节 + 高级句型”的新路径。 【学习目标】 1. 读完本讲，你能用“四步解题法”拆解语法填空，快速判定无提示词空位的逻辑关系，并对提示词完成词形转换。 2. 你能独立把一句话的主干套进定语从句、强调句两种高级句型，完成“简单句 → 复合句”的升级，并会用“去掉 It is... that... 句子是否完整”检验强调句与定语从句。 3. 你能按“观点 + 细节/感受”的模式写推荐信正文段，让每一条推荐理由都有支撑，不再写干巴巴的空泛评价。 二、撞墙导入：语篇精读 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I spent a lot of time learning to play the guitar. My father 1.______ (teach) me how to play it. At first, I found it very difficult. My fingers hurt from 2.______ (practice) every day. I even wanted to give up. However, my father encouraged me 3.______ (keep) trying. He told me that music could bring me joy and peace. Slowly, I began to enjoy 4.______ (play) the guitar. I practiced for two hours every day 5.______ I was tired. Now, I can play many beautiful songs. 6.______ I meet difficulties in my life, I will play the guitar. The beautiful music always makes 7.______ (I) feel relaxed. I am really thankful to my father. It was he 8.______ helped me find this wonderful hobby. I strongly recommend 9.______ (learn) a musical instrument to everyone. It will 10.______ (definite) change your life! 【参考答案与深度解析】 1. taught　前句有 spent（过去时），本句叙述去年夏天发生的具体动作，与 spent 构成顺承关系，时态保持一致，故 teach 用过去式 taught。 　避坑：切忌看到“父亲教弹琴”就填一般现在时 teaches。叙述过去特定时间（Last summer）的事，必须用一般过去时。 2. practicing　from 是介词，介词后接动词必须用动名词（doing）形式作宾语。 　避坑：介词 from 后只接动名词，不接不定式，也不作谓语。误填 to practice（误判目的状语）或 practised（误判谓语过去式）都会丢分。 3. to keep　固定句型 encourage sb. to do sth.（鼓励某人做某事），不定式作宾语补足语。 4. playing　固定搭配 enjoy doing sth.（喜欢做某事），enjoy 后必须接动名词。 5. though / although　前句“我每天练两小时”与后句“我很累”构成让步关系（虽然累，但依然坚持），填引导让步状语从句的连词。 　避坑：受汉语“因为……所以……”思维负迁移，看到 I was tired 易误填 because。但语境是“坚持练琴”：填 because 语义变成“因为累，所以每天练两小时”，与“坚持”的逻辑矛盾。且 though / although 绝对不可与 but 连用。 6. When / Whenever　“（每）当我遇到困难时，我会弹吉他”。表示“当……时候”填 When，强调“无论何时”填 Whenever，首字母大写。 7. me　make 是动词，后接人称代词宾格作宾语（make sb. do sth.），I 的宾格是 me。 8. that / who　识别强调句型 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他。此处被强调的主语是 he（人），填 that 或 who。 　避坑：极易误填 which——误判为定语从句。用强调句检验法：去掉 It is/was 与空格后，剩余 He helped me find this wonderful hobby. 结构完整（不缺主语、宾语），故必为强调句，填 that/who；若剩余部分缺成分，才是定语从句。 9. learning　recommend doing sth.（推荐做某事）。recommend 后直接接动作时用动名词；本空后无 sb.，故不用不定式 to learn。 10. definitely　空格修饰动词 change，需用副词形式。definite（形容词）去 e 加 ly 变 definitely。 【四步落地】 本篇卡点集中在第 5 题（查逻辑：让步 ≠ 因果）与第 8 题（定句型：强调句 ≠ 定语从句）。其余题目按“判词性 → 看搭配 → 定时态”三步即可锁定。完整四步为：判词性（分析句子成分，定缺什么词）→ 看搭配（固定短语、介词搭配、句型结构）→ 定时态/语态/单复数（动词看时间标志词，名词看修饰语）→ 查逻辑（无提示词处分析前后句的并列、转折、因果、让步关系）。 三、句型仿写精讲：让句子“长肉” 写推荐信时，最怕全篇都是“主谓宾”的简单句。用高级句型把短句“缝合”起来，句子就有了层次。 （一）定语从句：把零散信息打包 低分句（干巴巴）：The gift changed my life. It is a guitar. My father gave it to me. 高分句（升级版）：The gift that totally changed my life is the guitar that my father gave me. 【升级逻辑】 用两个 that 引导的定语从句，把三个短句缝合：原本 3 句话、3 个主谓结构，合并后只留 1 个主句 + 2 个从句，减少主谓重复，突出核心名词 gift 与 guitar。 【避坑指南】 先行词是人，关系代词用 who/whom/that；先行词是物，用 which/that。切记：介词后面（如 in which），绝对不能使用 that！ 【用法补全】 ① 所属关系用 whose：The book whose cover is red is mine. ② 时间/地点/原因在从句中作状语，用关系副词 when / where / why：I still remember the day when I first heard this song. ③ 先行词被最高级、序数词或 the only修饰时，只能用 that：This is the best book that I have ever read.（不可用 which） （二）强调句：凸显核心亮点 低分句（干巴巴）：This song helped me overcome the difficulty. 高分句（升级版）：It is this song that helped me overcome the difficulty. 【升级逻辑】 使用强调句型 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他，把读者的注意力强行聚焦在 this song 上，语气更强烈。 【错误路径演示】 学生常把强调句与定语从句混淆。判断标准：把 It is/was 和 that 去掉，若句子依然完整，则是强调句；若缺成分，则是定语从句。 对比：It is the song that I like.（定语从句，去掉后 I like 缺宾语）　vs　It is this song that helps me.（强调句，去掉后 This song helps me 依然完整） 【补全 · 时态呼应铁律】 强调句主句时态与被强调部分剩余谓语一致：原句谓语为过去式 touched，强调句须用 It was... that...；若原句为现在时 touches，则用 It is... that...。 【补全 · 特殊结构】 强调“直到……才……”用 It is/was not until... that...：It was not until midnight that he finished his homework. （三）非限制性定语从句：补充高级评价 低分句（干巴巴）：I read the book. The book is very inspiring. 高分句（升级版）：I read the book, which I find very inspiring. 【升级逻辑】 用逗号加 which 引导非限制性定语从句，对前文作补充评价，展现长句驾驭能力。注意：此处 which 不能用 that 替换。 【高考核心增补】 which 除指代先行词外，还可指代前面整个句子或一整件事，此时从句谓语动词用单数。例：He passed the exam, which made his parents happy.（which 指代“他通过考试”这件事，不可用 that） 四、书面表达精讲：推荐信这样写 （一）推荐信三段式结构与高分模板 1. 开头段：开门见山，表明写信目的。 2. 正文段：详细阐述推荐理由（2—3 个要点），必须包含细节支撑。 3. 结尾段：总结推荐，表达期望。 【高分模板 · 开头】Learning that you are under great pressure, I am writing to recommend... to you. 【高分模板 · 结尾】I do hope my recommendation will be of great help to you. / Don't hesitate to share your thoughts with me. （二）破解“干巴巴”：正文段细节展开法（Detailing） 正文段绝对不能只写 It is a good book/song.，必须采用“观点 + 细节/感受”的模式。 干巴巴的写法：The song is very good. It makes me happy. 有血肉的写法：The song is highly inspiring (观点). When I feel tired or frustrated, its soft melody always calms me down and gives me the courage to face challenges (细节/感受). 【观点 + 细节公式】 【观点句(adj.)】+【When / Whenever / If 情境从句】+【感受或结果：make me feel... / give me the courage to...】 （三）高分范文拆解与实战填空 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友 Peter 最近感到学习压力大，请你给他写一封推荐信，推荐一首你最喜欢的中文歌曲《孤勇者》（Lonely Warrior），帮助他缓解压力。 Dear Peter, I am sorry to hear that you are under great pressure. I am writing to recommend a Chinese song named Lonely Warrior to you, 1.______ I believe will help you relax. There are several reasons why I highly recommend it. First, the melody is extremely 2.______ (inspire). 3.______ (当……时候) I feel tired, listening to it always makes me 4.______ (feel) energetic. Second, the lyrics are full of power. It tells us that even ordinary people can be heroes 5.______ fight against difficulties. 6.______ is the positive attitude 7.______ the song conveys that encourages me to keep going. I hope this song can bring you strength. I am looking forward to 8.______ (hear) your thoughts on it. Yours, Li Hua 【范文填空答案与深度解析】 1. which　非限制性定语从句。逗号后修饰先行词 Lonely Warrior（物），且在从句中作主语，只能用 which。 2. inspiring　词性转换。修饰物（melody）“令人振奋的”，用现在分词转化的形容词 inspiring；若修饰人“感到振奋的”，用 inspired。 3. When / Whenever　状语从句连词，表示“当……时候”，首字母大写。 4. feel　使役动词用法 make sb. do sth.，后接不带 to 的动词不定式（动词原形）。 5. who / that　定语从句。先行词是 heroes（人），在从句中作主语，填 who 或 that。 6. It　强调句型 It is... that...，强调主语 the positive attitude，首字母大写。 7. that / which　定语从句。先行词是 attitude（物），在从句中作 conveys 的宾语，填 that 或 which（也可省略）。 　避坑 · 全讲最高频翻车点：学生常把第 7 空与后面的 that 同时视为定语从句关系词，导致全句无主句。正解：第 7 空是定语从句（修饰 attitude，作 conveys 的宾语，可省略）；其后的 that encourages me... 才是强调句的连接词（不作成分）。强调句框架为 It is... that...，中间被一个定语从句打断。 8. hearing　固定搭配 look forward to 中的 to 是介词，后接动名词 hearing。 （四）本单元三句考场亮点句（必背） 1. 定语从句：I strongly recommend the book which not only broadens my horizons but also enriches my mind. 2. 强调句：It is the wonderful story that deeply touches my heart and teaches me the importance of persistence. 3. Only 倒装句：Only by reading this book can you truly understand the charm of traditional Chinese culture. 　注意前提：Only + 状语（介词短语/副词/状语从句）位于句首时，主句才部分倒装。若 Only + 主语（如 Only you can do it.），则不倒装。 【考场替换槽 · 句式迁移模板】 将推荐对象（book）替换为本讲任一主题词（song / museum / Guzheng）即可套用： ① I strongly recommend ______ which not only ______ but also ______. ② It is ______ that deeply touches my heart. ③ Only by ______ can you truly understand the charm of ______. 五、实战运用与分层练习 （一）基础层 · 考点复现：短文语法填空 【分层依据】 聚焦本讲定语从句、强调句、倒装句与词形转换的直接复现，对标高考语法填空的基础得分点。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Music is a universal language. When we listen to music, we can share our feelings with others. Last month, our school held a music festival. Many students participated 1.______ it. While 2.______ (sing) on the stage, they heard the fans screaming loudly, 3.______ made them very excited. One of the 4.______ (perform) was my friend, Tom. He played the piano 5.______ (beautiful). He told me that he 6.______ (practice) the piano for five years. It was his passion for music 7.______ kept him going. The festival was 8.______ great success. Not only 9.______ it bring us joy, but it also helped us relieve stress. I highly recommend that every school 10.______ (hold) such meaningful activities in the future. 【参考答案与深度解析】 1. in　固定搭配 participate in（参加）。 2. singing　非谓语。逻辑主语 they 与 sing 是主动关系，且动作与 heard 同时发生，用现在分词 singing 作时间状语（While singing = While they were singing）。若填 Sung 表被动，逻辑错误。 3. which　非限制性定语从句。逗号后指代前面“听到粉丝尖叫”这整件事，只能用 which，不能用 that；指代整件事时从句谓语用单数。 4. performers　名词复数。One of the 后接可数名词复数，perform 变为名词复数 performers。 5. beautifully　副词。修饰动词 played，需用副词形式。 6. had practiced　时态。主句 told 是过去时，practice 发生在 told 之前（过去的过去），需用过去完成时。 7. that　强调句 It was... that...，强调主语 his passion for music。 8. a　冠词。a great success 表示“一件非常成功的事”，抽象名词具体化，用不定冠词 a。 9. did　倒装句。Not only 位于句首，主句部分倒装。时态为一般过去时，实义动词 bring 前加助动词 did。 10. (should) hold　虚拟语气。recommend 后的宾语从句需用 (should) + 动词原形，should 可省略，故填 hold。 （二）提升层 · 语篇逻辑：完形填空 【分层依据】 在完整叙事语篇中考查情感线索、词汇复现与逻辑关系，对标高考完形 15 空规格。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I used to think playing the piano was just about hitting the right keys. I practiced every day and could play any song perfectly. But during my first school concert, my teacher said my playing was 1.______. “You played all the right notes,” she said, “but where's the 2.______?” I was confused. In fact, I felt so 3.______ that I nearly wanted to 4.______ the piano. I went home and asked my grandpa, who was a music lover. He smiled and put on an old record. “Listen,” he said. The music was simple, but it made me want to 5.______. “This musician isn't just playing notes,” Grandpa explained. “He is telling a 6.______. He is sharing his life.” 7.______, his words didn't make sense to me at once. 8.______, as I listened to the record again and again, I began to see his point. Finally, I 9.______. I went back to the piano. This time, I didn't just think about my 10.______. I thought about the happy times with my friends, the sad moments when I failed a test, and the 11.______ I felt when I helped others. I let those feelings flow through my fingers into the 12.______. At the next concert, I didn't play perfectly. I made a small 13.______. But when I finished, the audience stood up and warm 14.______ filled the hall. My teacher hugged me and said, “Now, that was 15.______!” I finally understood that music is not just about skills; it's about the heart. 1. A. wonderful　　B. lifeless　　C. loud　　D. fast 2. A. time　　B. money　　C. feeling　　D. audience 3. A. proud　　B. discouraged　　C. excited　　D. relaxed 4. A. give up　　B. take up　　C. make up　　D. turn up 5. A. cry　　B. sleep　　C. leave　　D. argue 6. A. joke　　B. lie　　C. secret　　D. story 7. A. Therefore　　B. However　　C. Besides　　D. Instead 8. A. Gradually　　B. Generally　　C. Luckily　　D. Strangely 9. A. forgot　　B. understood　　C. regretted　　D. worried 10. A. fingers　　B. homework　　C. friends　　D. piano 11. A. fear　　B. joy　　C. anger　　D. doubt 12. A. keys　　B. books　　C. records　　D. desks 13. A. promise　　B. decision　　C. mistake　　D. friend 14. A. applause　　B. argument　　C. silence　　D. pressure 15. A. music　　B. noise　　C. silence　　D. practice 【参考答案与语篇逻辑解析】 1. B　后文老师追问“感情在哪里”，说明弹奏缺乏活力与感染力。lifeless（缺乏生气的）精准契合“音符全对却没有灵魂”的语境。 2. C　转折词 but 提示：虽然音符全对，却缺少“情感/感觉”（feeling）。time / money / audience 都与“音符对但不动人”的对比无关。 3. B　情感线索题。上文 confused 与老师的否定评价构成负面情绪链，discouraged（气馁的）承接最自然；proud / excited / relaxed 均为正向情绪，与语境矛盾。 4. A　动词短语辨析。受挫后“几乎想放弃钢琴”，give up（放弃）符合情感逻辑。take up（开始从事）、make up（编造/化妆）、turn up（出现/调大）均不合语境。 5. A　爷爷放的唱片虽简单却极具感染力，让人想“哭”（cry），体现音乐的共情力。sleep / leave / argue 与“被音乐打动”无关。 6. D　根据后文“分享他的生活”，说明音乐家是在讲述一个“故事”（story）。joke / lie / secret 都无法与“分享人生”并列。 7. B　逻辑连词题。前段爷爷已解释，此处“他的话起初并不完全讲得通”，与上文构成转折，用 However。Therefore（因果）、Besides（递进）、Instead（替代）逻辑不符。 8. A　副词辨析。“随着反复听那张唱片，我逐渐明白他的意思”，Gradually（逐渐地）与 again and again 的时间进程呼应。Generally / Luckily / Strangely 无法体现“由不懂到懂”的过程。 9. B　听完爷爷的话并反复体会后，作者终于“明白”（understood）音乐的真谛，与末段 I finally understood 形成词汇复现。forgot / regretted / worried 与主旨相反。 10. A　以前弹琴只关注“手指”（fingers）和技巧，现在转而关注内心情感，构成 before/now 的对比。homework / friends / piano 无法与“技巧 vs 情感”的对比挂钩。 11. B　与 happy times 并列，帮助别人时感到的“快乐”（joy）。fear / anger / doubt 均为负面词，与并列结构冲突。 12. A　让情感通过指尖流淌到钢琴“琴键”（keys）上，同时与首段 hitting the right keys 首尾呼应。books / records / desks 与“指尖流淌”不搭配。 13. C　虽然弹奏不完美，犯了一个小“错误”（mistake），但观众依然起立欢呼，因为情感到位了。promise / decision / friend 无法与“弹奏不完美”搭配。 14. A　观众起立，热烈的“掌声”（applause）充满大厅。argument / silence / pressure 与“起立欢呼”的正面场景矛盾。 15. A　老师称赞“这才是真正的‘音乐’（music）！”，呼应文章主旨——音乐不只是技巧，更是心灵。noise / silence / practice 均与赞美语境不符。 （三）挑战层 · 高考对接：主题一致性阅读（音乐与艺术） 【分层依据】 对标高考阅读题型，强化主题一致性（音乐与艺术推荐），覆盖段落大意、细节理解、词义猜测与推理判断四类考点。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Have you ever heard of “Music Therapy” (音乐治疗)? It is not just listening to music for fun. It is a real medical treatment used in hospitals. Doctors have found that music can change the way our brains work. For example, when patients listen to soft and slow music, their heart rates slow down, and they feel less pain. This is very helpful for people who have trouble sleeping or are recovering from surgeries (手术). Moreover, music therapy is widely used for children with autism (自闭症). These children often find it hard to communicate with others. But when they play instruments or sing together, they learn to share, listen, and express their feelings. Music gives them a “voice” when words fail. If you are feeling stressed or sad today, don't just sit there. Put on your favorite song, close your eyes, and let the music heal (治愈) you. You might be surprised by how powerful a simple melody can be! 1. What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To explain how music changes brain waves. B. To show how music helps patients feel less pain and sleep better. C. To introduce different kinds of soft music. D. To warn people about the dangers of loud music. 2. According to the passage, why is music helpful for children with autism? A. It helps them learn how to play instruments perfectly. B. It gives them a way to communicate and express feelings. C. It cures their illness completely without medicine. D. It teaches them how to write songs for others. 3. What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Become a Music Therapist B. The History of Music Therapy C. Music: More Than Just Entertainment D. The Best Songs for Sleeping 4. What does the underlined word “heal” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Cure　　B. Hurt　　C. Surprise　　D. Confuse 【答案与解析】 1. B　段落大意题。第二段以 For example 领起，说明听轻柔音乐能让心率减慢、减轻疼痛、帮助睡眠与术后恢复。 　排除依据：正确项 B 中 feel less pain 与原文原词复现，sleep better 对应原文 have trouble sleeping（改善失眠）。A 项“脑电波（brain waves）”原文未提及；C 项“介绍轻柔音乐种类”无中生有；D 项“警告噪音危害”与本文正面基调相反。 2. B　细节理解题。第三段提到自闭症儿童很难与人交流，但演奏乐器或唱歌让他们学会分享、倾听与表达情感，音乐在他们“言语失效时”给了他们声音。 　排除依据：正确项 B 是对 learn to share, listen, and express their feelings 的同义概括。A 项“完美演奏乐器”、C 项“完全治愈”、D 项“写歌”原文均未提及，属过度推断。 3. C　主旨大意题。文章不仅讲音乐用于娱乐，更重点介绍其在医疗与心理治愈方面的强大作用。 　排除依据：C 项“音乐：不仅仅是娱乐”准确概括首段 not just listening to music for fun 与后文治疗功能的递进关系。A、B 项分别讲“如何成为治疗师”与“治疗史”，属无中生有；D 项“助眠歌曲”仅为第二段细节，以偏概全。 4. A　词义猜测题。前文反复出现 treatment（治疗）、recovering（康复）等医疗语境词，末段 let the music heal you 意为“让音乐治愈你”，heal 与 cure（治愈）同义。 　排除依据：Hurt（伤害）、Surprise（使惊讶）、Confuse（使困惑）均与“缓解压力、治愈”的正面语义场冲突。 【长难句分析】 Music gives them a “voice” when words fail. 主干：Music gives them a “voice”（主谓双宾结构）。when 引导时间状语从句，此处意为“在言语失效的时候”。理解要点：fail 在此不是“失败”，而是“失灵、不起作用”；全句含比喻义——自闭症儿童难以用语言表达，音乐成了他们表达情感的替代“声音”。 六、课后巩固练习 （一）单句升级改写（运用高级句型） 请将下列“干巴巴”的简单句，运用括号内的提示句型进行升级改写。 (1) I like the book. The book is about Chinese history. （使用定语从句合并） (2) The traditional Chinese painting touched me deeply. （使用强调句强调主语） (3) You can understand the beauty of art only by visiting the museum. （使用 Only 倒装句） （二）微写作：推荐信正文段 假设你校英语报正在征集“我最推荐的艺术活动”稿件。请你写一段 60 词左右的正文段，向同学们推荐参观博物馆（visiting a museum）或学习一门传统乐器（learning a traditional instrument）。 要求：必须包含至少一个细节支撑（When/If 引导的从句）和一个高级句型（定语从句或强调句）。 （三）语篇语法填空（主题：中国传统乐器走向世界） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Guzheng, a traditional Chinese musical instrument, has a history of over 2,500 years. It is known 1.______ its beautiful and flowing sound. In recent years, the Guzheng 2.______ (become) increasingly popular not only in China but also around the world. Many young people are showing great interest in 3.______ (play) it. They believe that learning the Guzheng is a great way to connect with 4.______ (tradition) Chinese culture. When they play the instrument, they feel a sense of 5.______ (peaceful) and pride. 6.______ makes the Guzheng so special is its unique playing techniques. Players use their fingers 7.______ (create) different sounds, 8.______ sound like flowing water or singing birds. It is highly recommended that more schools 9.______ (offer) Guzheng classes. Only in this way 10.______ this beautiful art form be passed down to the next generation. 【课后巩固练习参考答案与详尽解析】 1. 单句升级改写 (1) The book that/which I like is about Chinese history. 或 I like the book that/which is about Chinese history. 　解析：先行词 the book 为物，关系代词用 that/which，在从句中作主语或宾语，两句合并为一个含定语从句的复合句。 (2) It was the traditional Chinese painting that touched me deeply. 　解析：强调主语 the traditional Chinese painting。 　时态呼应铁律：原句谓语 touched 为一般过去时，强调句主句必须用 It was... that...，不可写成 It is... that...；若原句为现在时（touches），才用 It is... that...。 (3) Only by visiting the museum can you understand the beauty of art. 　解析：Only + 介词短语置于句首，主句需部分倒装，情态动词 can 提至主语 you 之前。 2. 微写作参考范文 I highly recommend visiting the local museum, which is a fantastic place to explore art. Whenever I feel stressed out by heavy schoolwork, walking through the quiet exhibition halls always calms my mind. It is the amazing historical artworks that deeply touch my heart and inspire my creativity. 　亮点解析：使用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句；Whenever 引导的时间状语从句提供细节支撑；It is... that... 强调句凸显艺术品的感染力。 3. 语篇语法填空 1. for　固定搭配 be known for（因……而闻名）。 2. has become　时间状语 In recent years 提示用现在完成时，主语 the Guzheng 为单数，故用 has become。 3. playing　介词 in 后接动名词（show interest in doing）。 4. traditional　修饰名词 culture，需用形容词形式。 5. peace　介词 of 后接名词，peaceful 的名词形式是 peace；a sense of peace（一种平静感）。 6. What　主语从句。从句 What makes the Guzheng so special 缺主语，表示“……的事物”，用 What（= the thing that）。 　避坑：误填 It（不能引导名词性从句）或 That（在主语从句中不作成分，而本从句缺主语），必须用 What。 7. to create　不定式作目的状语，“为了创造”不同的声音。 8. which　非限制性定语从句，先行词是 different sounds（指物），用 which。 9. (should) offer　recommend 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气 (should) + 动词原形。 10. can / will　Only + 介词短语置于句首，主句部分倒装。结合语境表能力或将来，填 can 或 will。 七、思维自检清单 交卷前，请逐项勾选，确认思考方式已从“凑字数”转变为“造高分”： 【语法填空采分自检】 □ 我填的词在句中作什么成分？（定主谓宾 → 决定词性） □ 它和前后词是什么逻辑？（定连词/介词） □ 动作是谁发出的？发生在什么时候？（定主动/被动、时态） 【推荐信正文段采分自检】 □ 我的正文段是否只有 It is good/useful 这种干瘪评价？若是，必须补细节。 □ 我是否补充了 When/Whenever I..., I feel... 的具体细节和真实感受？ □ 我是否成功用上了一个 that/which 定语从句或 It is/was... that... 强调句来拉升句式档次？ 【倒装句排雷自检】 □ 我写的 Only 句型，Only 后面跟的是状语还是主语？ □ 若是主语（Only you can do it.），我是否忘记了倒装？（绝不能写成 Only you can you do it.） 【强调句排雷自检】 □ 去掉 It is/was 与 that 后句子是否完整？（完整 → 强调句；缺成分 → 定语从句） □ 强调句的时态是否与被强调部分的谓语时态一致？ □ 我是否误用了 which 代替强调句中的 that？ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $