Unit 5 语法讲义 2026-2027学年外研版七年级英语上册
Unit 5 The power of plants 语法讲义
外研版（2022年版课程标准修订）· 七年级上册
语法板块：一般将来时：be going to / will
Unit 5 用「植物工厂」的比喻讲光合作用，读完后要谈植物对世界的意义，还要为植树节写一份计划。谈「将要发生什么」和「打算做什么」，用的就是一般将来时。本讲义按教材的顺序讲两种表达：be going to 侧重「打算、计划」，will 侧重「预测、意愿」。两套句式表完整给出，最后再解决一个问题——同一句话里，到底该用哪一个。
一、be going to：打算、计划做某事
（一）基本结构：be going to + 动词原形
如果想表达自己打算做某事、计划做某事或者有意做某事，可以用 be going to do sth 的结构（教材附录 p143）。其中 be 的形式仍然跟着主语变：I am／ He, She, It is／ We, You, They are。
He's going to start work in the plant. 他就要在植物工厂里开始工作了。（教材 p81，课文「Within a plant」）
What are they going to produce? 它们打算生产什么？（教材 p81）
Soon it's going to get dark. 很快天就要黑了。（教材 p81）
I'm going to check my email this evening. 我打算今天晚上查看电子邮件。（教材附录 p143）
He is going to have a piano lesson this weekend. 他这个周末有堂钢琴课。（教材附录 p143）
易错点睛 be going to 后面必须接动词原形，不能接三单或过去式。误：He is going to buys clothes. ❌ 正：He is going to buy clothes. ✓ 另外，going to 里的 go 已经是「去」的意思，别再写第二个 go。
（二）肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句及其回答
肯定句 | 否定句 | 一般疑问句 | 回答 |
I am going to visit the museum. | I am not going to visit the museum. | Am I going to visit the museum? | Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. |
You are going to the park tomorrow. | You are not going to the park tomorrow. | Are you going to the park tomorrow? | Yes, you are. / No, you aren't. |
He / She is going to buy some clothes. | He / She is not going to buy any clothes. | Is he / she going to buy any clothes? | Yes, he / she is. / No, he / she isn't. |
It is going to rain. | It is not going to rain. | Is it going to rain? | Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. |
We are going to have a picnic. | We are not going to have a picnic. | Are we going to have a picnic? | Yes, we are. / No, we aren't. |
They are going to have a party. | They are not going to have a party. | Are they going to have a party? | Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. |
注：表格取自教材附录 p144。否定句与疑问句里，some 一般要改成 any（见 He is not going to buy any clothes.）。
（三）特殊疑问句：问「打算做什么、什么时候、在哪里」
外研版七年级上册 Unit 5 语法讲义（The power of plants） 第 1 页 / 共 5 页
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询问某人在将来某一段时间打算做什么，用 What is / are … going to do…?；问时间用 When，问地点用 Where：
What is he going to do this afternoon? 他今天下午要做什么？
What are you going to do this weekend? 你这个周末要做什么？
When is Helen going to visit her granddaughter in China? Helen 什么时候去中国看望她的孙女？
Where is he going to have his birthday party? 他要在哪里办生日聚会？
注：例句取自教材附录 p144–145。
（四）be going to + 地点：go 可以省
如果表示计划到某地去，由于谓语动词 go 与 going 重复，一般只说 be going to + 地点（教材附录 p145）：
We are going to Hong Kong for a holiday. 我们要去香港度假。
They are going to China for a visit. 他们要出访中国。
易错点睛 「我们打算去香港」不能写成 We are going to go to Hong Kong.——going 已经含「去」的意思，写成 be going to + 地点即可。这是写作中最常见的一处重复。
二、will：预测将来、表达意愿
（一）基本结构：will + 动词原形，不随人称变
如果想描述未来的事情或表达对将来的预测，可以用 will + 动词原形。教材特别指出：will 不随人称和主语的单复数变化（附录 p145）。
They will take a rest. 它们将要休息了。（教材 p81）
The water will rise up to the Leaf through the Stem. 水会通过茎上升到叶。（教材 p81）
There will be sugar! 将会有糖！（教材 p81）
Another product will be oxygen. 另一种产物将是氧气。（教材 p81）
There will be a robot in every family in the future. 将来每个家庭都会有一个机器人。（教材附录 p145）
Planes will be very large, so flying will be very cheap. 飞机将会很大，所以坐飞机会很便宜。（教材附录 p145）
It will probably be hot all year. 很可能一整年都会很热。（教材附录 p145）
易错点睛 will 不随人称和单复数变化。误：He wills come. ❌／ They will comes. ❌ 正：He will come. ✓／ They will come. ✓
（二）否定句与疑问句
will 的否定在 will 后直接加 not，可缩略为 won't；一般疑问句把 will 提到句首：
Students will study on the internet. They won't use books. 学生将在网上学习。他们将不使用书了。
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