Unit 2 Section B 1a-1f（知识清单）-【知识大闯关】2026-2027学年英语人教版九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦“Unit 2 Inspiring People”Section B核心内容，涵盖词汇积累、语法考点、易错辨析、情境应用及综合挑战五大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从“词汇热身”到“考点精讲”再到“语篇应用”的递进式学习支架。 清单以“星级闯关”形式构建知识体系，7关设计涵盖从基础词汇到综合语用，如词汇能量站通过“记搭配-记变化-放进句子”三步记忆法强化语言能力，考点闯关营地结合中考例句与趣味关卡培养思维品质，避坑雷达总结10条易错点并附口诀提升学习能力。情境微语篇“种子库守护者的故事”将零散知识融入语境，学生可自主测评，教师能精准把握教学重难点，高效辅助课堂教学。

Unit 2 Inspiring People · Section B (1a-1f) 核心知识梳理 班级 ______　姓名 ______　得分 ______ 共 7 关｜满分 100★｜建议用时 45 分钟　｜　答案已抽出：做完后到末页「答案自查区」核对 Unit 2 Inspiring People Section B（1a-1f）核心知识梳理 · 闯关学习单 【通关地图】 关卡 闯关内容 满分 我的星星 第 1 关 热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 2 关 词汇能量站 · 必背 10 词 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 3 关 考点闯关营地 · 8 个必会考点 40★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 4 关 避坑雷达 · 10 条易错点 15★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 5 关 情境微语篇 · 种子库守护者的故事 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 6 关 终极挑战赛（依次 ★ → ★★★） 15★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 7 关 我的战绩自评 — ☆☆☆☆☆ 合计 加油，你离「王者」只差 1 颗星 100★ 第 1 关　热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜　（10★） 先别翻下面的清单！凭记忆试一试，答对 1 题得 2★，看看你能拿几颗星。 ★ 冲关开始（5 小题 × 2★） 1.【中文快译】科学（上）的（形容词）→ ________________ 2.【谜语猜词】A place where money or seeds are kept safe. 谜底（名词）：________________ 3.【选词填空】The children are ________ in science.（首字母提示：i） 4.【首字母填空】The old tree has been d_________ for many years.（死的，形容词） 5.【中译英】永远（副词）→ ________________ 第 2 关　词汇能量站 · 必背 10 词　（10★） 记单词有三步：记搭配 → 记变化 → 放进句子。「记忆锦囊」帮你三秒钟记住它！ 序号 中文提示 英文（自己写） 记忆锦囊 1 科学（上）的（形容词） ________________ 由名词 science 加 -tific 后缀变来 2 生物学家（名词） ________________ 以 -logy 结尾的名词变人，把 y 改为 i 再加 -st 3 所有的；完全的（形容词） ________________ 常与 the / one’s 连用，表示“全部的” 4 库；银行（名词） ________________ 一词多义：银行 / 库 / 河岸 5 永远（副词） ________________ 由 for 和 ever 合成，表示“永远” 6 无线电；收音机（名词） ________________ 复数 radios（直接加 s） 7 留下；遗留（短语） ________________ behind 是“在后面、留下”的副词 8 收集物；收藏品（名词） ________________ 动词 collect 加 -ion 后缀变名词 9 继续存在；继续活着（短语） ________________ live 搭配 on，表示“延续下去” 10 探索（名词） ________________ 动词 explore 加 -ation 后缀变名词 ★ 拼词接力 只看首字母提示，把单词完整写出来。（10 个 × 1★） 1. 科学的：s________ 2. 生物学家：b________ 3. 全部的：w________ 4. 库；银行：b________ 5. 永远：f________ 6. 无线电：r________ 7. 留下；遗留：l________ 8. 收集物：c________ 9. 继续存在：l________ 10. 探索：e________ 提示：全部出自上面表格，写完对照末页答案自查区。 第 3 关　考点闯关营地 · 8 个必会考点　（40★） 每个考点＝考点精讲 + 知识拓展 + 即学即练 + 趣味小关卡。做完一个考点，给地图上涂一颗星。 1. On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. 2017 年 9 月 25 日，中国教授钟扬因车祸离世的消息震惊了科学界。 die v. 死；死亡；凋谢；消失 单词 词性 中文释义 die v. 死，死亡；枯萎，凋谢 died v.（过去式 / 过去分词） 死亡（动作已发生） dying adj. / v. 现在分词 垂死的；渴望；正在消亡 dead adj. 死的；无生命的（表状态） death n. [C/U] 死亡；去世 记忆小提示：die 表示短暂“死亡”动作；dead 是形容词表“死的”状态，可与时间段连用；death 是名词“死亡”。 固定搭配：1. die from + 外因（车祸、事故、外伤）；2. die of + 内因（疾病、悲伤、衰老）；3. die out 灭绝；4. be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. The famous writer died in 2020. 2. The young driver died from a traffic accident. 3. Some rare plants may die out in a few years. 4. Her death brought deep sadness to the whole family. 5. His grandpa has been dead for twelve years. 6. The dying plant in the corner needs more water. 单词 词性 核心用法 例句 die 动词 短暂动作“死去”，不与一段时间连用 The bird died yesterday. dead 形容词 表状态“死的”，可接时间段 The bird has been dead for two days. death 名词 死亡，作主语、宾语 We were shocked at his death. dying 形容词 垂死的；渴望的 The dying tree needs water. 【即学即练】 1.The old tree ________ (die) last summer. 2.We were all shocked at the ________ (die) of the great scientist. 3.The goldfish has been ________ (die) for a week. 4.These birds are ________ (die) out because of the pollution. 5.The old worker ________ (die) from a serious illness last year. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 ★ 拼词接力（补全短语，4 小题 × 1★） 1. 死于外因（车祸等）　d__ ____ 　→　________________ 2. 死于内因（疾病等）　d__ __ 　→　________________ 3. 灭绝，逐渐消失　d__ ___ 　→　________________ 4. 渴望做某事　__ _____ __ __ __ 　→　________________ 2. The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds. 这位受人尊敬的生物学家将毕生精力投入到植物与种子的研究之中。 spend v. 花费（时间 / 金钱）；度过（不规则变化 spend-spent-spent） 单词 词性 中文释义 spend v. 花费；度过 spent v.（过去式 / 过去分词） 花费；度过（不规则） spending v. 现在分词 花费；度过 固定搭配（中考两大核心句型）：1. spend + 时间 / 金钱 + on sth.；2. spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth.（in 可省略）。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. The young biologist spent his whole life studying wild flowers. 2. I spend an hour on my homework every evening. 3. She spends a lot of money on books. 4. They spent three days (in) picking seeds. 5. We will spend the summer holiday in Dalian. 易混辨析（四大花费）：spend 主语是人；take 主语是 it；cost 主语是物；pay 主语是人。 单词 主语 含义 常用句型 spend 人 花时间 / 钱；度过 spend…on sth. / (in) doing sth. take it（形式主语） 花费（时间） It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. cost 物 花费（金钱） sth. costs sb. + 钱 pay 人 支付（金钱） pay (钱) for sth. 例句对比：I spend 20 yuan on the pen.／The pen costs me 20 yuan.／I pay 20 yuan for the pen.／It takes me half an hour to read. 【即学即练】 1.The young biologist ________ (spend) his whole life studying wild flowers. 2.We often spend half an hour ________ (read) English in the morning. 3.My father spent 300 yuan ________ a new bike. 4.Our family ________ (spend) the winter holiday in Hainan last year. 5.He spends too much time ________ (play) computer games every day. 6.It ________ me two hours to finish the report yesterday. (took / spent) 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 ★ 火眼金睛（找出错误并改正，2 小题 × 1★） 1. I take two hours to do my homework every day.　→　________________ 2. She spent two hours to clean the room.　→　________________ 3. These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, including the ones we need for food. 这些特殊的种子库保存着各式各样的植物种子，其中就包括我们所需的粮食作物种子。 protect v. 保护；防护 单词 词性 中文释义 protect v. 保护，防护 protection n. [U] 保护；防护 protective adj. 保护的；防护的 固定搭配（中考高频）：1. protect sb. / sth.；2. protect … from … 保护……免受……；3. protect … against … 保护……对抗……（危险）。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. We should protect the wild animals in the forest. 2. A hat can protect your head from the hot sun. 3. The wall gives protection against the strong wind. 4. She is very protective of her little brother. 易混辨析：protect 保护（让不受伤害），搭配 protect…from…；prevent 阻止（不让坏事发生），搭配 prevent…from doing sth.。 例句对比：The wall protects the house from rain.／We must prevent children from playing by the river. 【即学即练】 1.Everyone should ________ (protect) the environment. 2.A good raincoat will give you ________ (protect) from the heavy rain. 3.The city needs new rules to ________ (protect) those old trees. 4.Sunglasses can ________ our eyes ________ strong sunlight.（填介词） 5.She bought a ________ (protect) case for her new camera. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 ★ 情境台词（补全对话，2 空） A: How can we protect the plants ________________ the cold? B: We can build a special house for their ________________. 4. They protect the seeds we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. 它们保护着我们所需的粮食种子，并确保重要植物不会永久地从世界上消失。 单词 词性 中文释义 include v. 包括，包含（动词） including prep. 包括……在内（介词，放名词前） included adj. 被包括在内的（放名词后） 固定搭配 & 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. including + 名词 / 代词：Many students took part in the activity, including Tom. 2. 名词 + included：Many students took part in the activity, Tom included. 3. include（动词）作谓语：The price includes breakfast. 【即学即练】 1.The shop sells many vegetables, ________ carrots and tomatoes. 2.Our hotel bill ________ breakfast and dinner. 3.All the students joined the trip, Peter ________. 4.Their team has six players, ________ two girls. 5.The new film ________ four exciting scenes. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 ★ 一句话挑战（翻译，1 句 × 2★） 汉语：许多植物，包括稻米和小麦，都需要保护。 英语：________________ 5. They make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. 它们确保重要植物不会永久地从世界上消失。 make sure 确保；查明；务必 固定句型（中考高频）：1. make sure + that 从句（that 可省略）；2. make sure to do sth.；3. make sure of + 名词。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. Make sure (that) you bring your book tomorrow. 2. Please make sure to lock the door before leaving. 3. You’d better make sure of the time of the flight. 短语 含义 常用结构 make sure 设法确保，努力做到 make sure (that)… / make sure to do / make sure of sth be sure 确信，有把握 be sure of sth；be sure that…；be sure to do（一定会） 例句对比：Make sure that nobody disturbs me.（行动上去保证）／I am sure that nobody will disturb me.（心里确信） 【即学即练】 1.You should make sure ________ (lock) the door before going out. 2.Please make sure ________ everyone arrives on time.（填引导词，可省略） 3.You’d better make sure ________ the time of the flight first.（介词） 4.Please make sure that Tom ________ (know) the new rule. 5.________ (务必) to bring your homework tomorrow. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 ★ 陷阱题（别掉进去！） 1. Make sure finishing your work on time.　（　）　________________ 2. I make sure that he is right.　（　）　________________ 6. There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants. 在那里，他学习无线电工程，后来对植物产生了兴趣。 be interested in 对……感兴趣 单词 词性 中文释义 interest n. / v. n. 兴趣；v. 使……感兴趣 interested adj. 感到感兴趣的（修饰人） interesting adj. 有趣的；令人感兴趣的（修饰事物） 核心固定搭配（中考必考）：1. be interested in + 名词 / doing sth.；2. become interested in…；3. show interest in…。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. I am interested in history. 2. He is interested in collecting stamps. 3. She became interested in science when she was young. 4. The story is very interesting. 5. He shows great interest in biology. 单词 修饰对象 含义 例句 interested 人 感到感兴趣的 I’m interested in plants. interesting 事物 令人有趣的 That is an interesting story. 【即学即练】 1.My cousin is interested in ________ (draw). 2.She became ________ (interest) in history at middle school. 3.The children watched an ________ (interest) film about space. 4.My brother shows great ________ (interest) in sports. 5.Many young people ________ (be) interested in science. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 ★ 拼词接力（补全短语，3 小题 × 1★） 1. 对……感兴趣　__ _____ ______ __ 　→　________________ 2. 对……产生兴趣　______ _____ ______ __ 　→　________________ 3. 对……表现出兴趣　____ ______ __ 　→　________________ 7. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work. 他时常身体抱恙，却始终坚持工作。 feel sick 感到不舒服；生病；恶心 单词 词性 中文释义 feel v. 感觉，感到（过去式：felt） sick adj. 生病的；恶心的 ill adj. 生病的（多作表语） 核心搭配：1. feel sick；2. fall sick 生病；3. be sick；4. feel + 形容词。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. I feel sick. I want to lie down. 2. He fell sick when he was working in the mountains. 3. She felt sick after eating bad food. 单词 用法 例句 sick 可放名词前作定语，也可作表语 a sick boy；He feels sick. ill 大多只作表语，一般不放在名词前 He is ill.　✗ an ill boy more than 超过；多于；不仅仅（= over）。反义：less than 少于，不到。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. More than two hundred students joined the club. 2. It is more than a job for her. 3. He slept for less than five hours last night. 短语 中文 例句 more than 超过；不仅仅 more than 40 million 超过 4000 万 no more than 仅仅，只不过（强调少） no more than ten 仅仅十个 not more than 至多，不超过 not more than ten 不超过十个 【即学即练 · 第一组】 1.She often ________ (feel) sick after a long trip. 2.My uncle ________ (fall) sick last month. 3.Tom ________ (feel) sick last night, so he didn’t eat dinner. 4.The nurse looked after the ________ (sick) children. 5.If you ________ (feel) ill, you must stay in bed. 6.________ ________ (超过) 300 visitors came to the new library.（同义替换可用 Over） 7.She is ________ ________ (不仅仅) a good teacher. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 【即学即练 · 第二组】 1.There are ________ ________ (少于) 30 seats in the hall. 2.Over 2,000 kinds of seeds ________ (collect) by his team.（被动语态） 3.The concert lasted ________ ________ (多于) three hours. 4.The sick boy ________ (feel) better after a good sleep. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 ★ 火眼金睛（找出错误并改正，2 小题 × 1★） 1. He has died for three years.　→　________________ 2. He is an ill man.　→　________________ 8. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China. 他们的辛勤工作为世界提供了大量有关中国植物的全新资料。 ① provide v. 提供；供给；给予 1. provide sb. with sth.；2. provide sth. for sb.。两句型同义：provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 易混辨析：provide 主动供给现成的东西；offer 主动提出、自愿给予，搭配 offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.。 ② continue v. 继续；持续：continue with sth.；continue to do sth.；continue doing sth.；continue on… 继续沿着……。同义：continue = go on。 ③ hundreds of 数百的；成百上千的。口诀：有数字，无 s 无 of；无数字，有 s 有 of。（thousand、million 规则相同） 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. The school provides students with free lunch. 2. After a short break, we continued doing our work. 3. Hundreds of years ago, people lived a simple life. 4. More than three hundred kinds of seeds are kept in the bank. 【即学即练 · 第一组】 1.The moon provides us ________ light at night.（介词） 2.The school provided many books ________ the children.（介词） 3.The company provides staff with free lunch.（同义句转换）The company ________ free lunch ________ staff. 4.The hotel ________ (provide) free breakfast for guests last year. 5.Parents should provide children ________ a safe home. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 【即学即练 · 第二组】 1.Although she was busy, she continued ________ (write).（两种答案均可） 2.We’ll continue ________ our discussion after a break.（介词） 3.After a short rest, the boys continued ________ (run). 4.We will continue ________ on the road of science.（不填 / 填介词） 5.The storm continued ________ three days.（介词） 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 【即学即练 · 第三组】 1.________ (hundred) of students came to the science fair. 2.Our school has eight ________ (hundred) students. 3.________ of fish swim to the warm sea in winter.（成百上千） 4.She collected five ________ (million) stamps. 5.________ (thousand) of stars shine in the sky. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 ★ 拼词接力（补全短语，3 小题 × 1★） 1. 为某人提供某物　______ __ ____ 　→　________________ 2. 把某物提供给某人　______ ____ ___ 　→　________________ 3. 继续（做）某事　_______ ____ 　→　________________ 第 4 关　避坑雷达　（15★） 下面的坑，中考年年有人掉进去。读一遍，记一句口诀，再做题。 易错点 正确用法 错误示例 ① die 是短暂动词 不与 for + 时间段连用，改用 be dead ✗ He has died for three years. ② die from / die of 外因用 from，内因用 of ✗ He died of a car accident. ③ spend / take 的主语 spend 主语是人；take 用 it 作形式主语 ✗ I take two hours to do it. ④ spend 后接动名词 spend time (in) doing sth. ✗ spend time to do sth. ⑤ protect 的搭配 protect…from… / protect…against… ✗ protect…of… ⑥ include 三兄弟 include 作谓语；including 放名词前；included 放名词后 ✗ all the fruit, apples including ⑦ make sure 的搭配 make sure to do / make sure of sth ✗ make sure doing sth. ⑧ interested / interesting interested 修饰人；interesting 修饰物 ✗ I am interesting in plants. ⑨ sick / ill 的位置 sick 可作定语；ill 只作表语 ✗ an ill man ⑩ hundred 加不加 s 有数字无 s 无 of；无数字有 s 有 of ✗ two hundreds students ★ 陷阱题（别掉进去！） 判断下列句子正误，错的请改正。（4 小题 × 2★） 1. He has died for two years.　（　）　________________ 2. The old man died of a traffic accident.　（　）　________________ 3. It spends me an hour to do my homework.　（　）　________________ 4. We should protect the animals of danger.　（　）　________________ 第 5 关　情境微语篇 · 种子库守护者的故事　（10★） 把零散的词放进故事里，记得更牢。先大声读一遍，再完成任务。 The Keeper of the Seed Bank A young biologist named Chen Hua loved plants very much. Ever since childhood, he was interested in wild flowers, and he dreamed of exploring the mountains one day. After he grew up, Chen Hua spent his whole life studying seeds. He often worked in a special bank of seeds, where thousands of plants are kept safe. He made sure that these seeds would live on, and never disappear forever. Sometimes he felt sick after long hours in the field, but he never stopped his work. Chen Hua provided the world with a lot of useful information about wild plants. He once said that his students would continue his scientific exploration, and the seeds he left behind might grow hundreds of years from now. ★ 阅读任务（5 小题 × 2★） 1. 填空：Ever since childhood, Chen Hua was ________________ wild flowers. 2. 填空：He often worked in a special ________________ of seeds. 3. 判断：Chen Hua gave up his work when he felt sick.　（　）　________________ 4. 简答：What did Chen Hua provide the world with?　________________ 5. 词形变换：He spent his whole life ________________ (study) seeds. 第 6 关　终极挑战赛　（15★） 难度一级一级升，看看你能闯到第几级！ Ⅰ. 单项选择（5 小题 × 1★）　★ 1. Zhong Yang was a great ______ who studied plants all his life.　________________ 　　A. scientific　B. scientist　C. science　D. scientifically 2. The old man ______ for ten years, but we still miss him.　________________ 　　A. has died　B. died　C. has been dead　D. dies 3. Our teacher often spends an hour ______ our homework every day.　________________ 　　A. check　B. to check　C. checking　D. checked 4. All the children went to the zoo, ______ Lily.　________________ 　　A. include　B. including　C. included　D. includes 5. ______ of visitors come to the science museum every year.　________________ 　　A. Hundred　B. Hundreds　C. Two hundreds　D. Hundred of Ⅱ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（5 小题 × 1★）　★★ 1. The great _______ (science) made many important discoveries.　________________ 2. His _______ (die) made the whole team very sad.　________________ 3. We must _______ (protection) the wild animals in the forest.　________________ 4. These plants can _______ (live) on for hundreds of years.　________________ 5. The old man _______ (spend) all his money on books.　________________ Ⅲ. 语篇填空（5 空 × 1★）　★★★　用适当的词或所给词的适当形式填空 Chen Hua was a young (1)______ (science) who loved plants. He spent his whole life (2)______ (study) seeds in a special seed bank. He often felt (3)______ (sick), but he never gave up. He made sure that the seeds would not disappear (4)______ ever. Today, his students continue his (5)______ (explore) in the mountains. 把答案写在横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 ★ 加星题 加分题（做对 1 题 +2★，最多 +4★）把下面的句子译成英语： 1. 这位科学家把毕生精力都投入到保护植物上。 → ________________ 2. 种子库为人们提供了大量的植物种子。 → ________________ 第 7 关　我的战绩自评　（记录你的进步） 环节 满分 我得的星 我的易错点 / 想再练一遍的地方 第 1 关　热身闯关 10★ 第 2 关　词汇能量站 10★ 第 3 关　考点闯关营地 40★ 第 4 关　避坑雷达 15★ 第 5 关　情境微语篇 10★ 第 6 关　终极挑战赛 15★ 合计 100★ ★ 段位榜 90★ 及以上 · 王者　｜　80★ 黄金　｜　70★ 白银　｜　60★ 青铜　｜　60★ 以下：再来一次，把错题讲给同学听！ 【错题收纳盒】把今天做错的题号写下来，明天重做一遍。 1. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 家长 / 老师签字：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 答案自查区　（做完再核对，可沿边框裁下） ★ 全部答案解析 第 1 关　热身闯关 1. scientific　2. bank　3. interested　4. dead　5. forever 第 2 关　必背 10 词：1.scientific　2.biologist　3.whole　4.bank　5.forever　6.radio　7.leave behind　8.collection　9.live on　10.exploration 拼词接力：1.scientific　2.biologist　3.whole　4.bank　5.forever　6.radio　7.leave behind　8.collection　9.live on　10.exploration 第 3 关　考点闯关营地 考点 1　1.died　2.death　3.dead　4.dying　5.died｜拼词接力：1.die from　2.die of　3.die out　4.be dying to do 考点 2　1.spent　2.reading　3.on　4.spent　5.playing　6.took｜火眼金睛：1. It takes me two hours　2. (in) cleaning 考点 3　1.protect　2.protection　3.protect　4.protect; from　5.protective｜情境台词：from; protection 考点 4　1.including　2.includes　3.included　4.including　5.includes｜翻译：Many plants, including rice and wheat, need protection. 考点 5　1.to lock　2.that（可空着不写）3.of　4.knows　5.Make sure｜陷阱题：1. ✗ make sure to finish　2. ✗ I am sure 考点 6　1.drawing　2.interested　3.interesting　4.interest　5.are｜拼词接力：1.be interested in　2.become interested in　3.show interest in 考点 7　第一组：1.feels　2.fell　3.felt　4.sick　5.feel　6.More than　7.more than｜第二组：1.less than　2.were collected　3.more than　4.felt｜火眼金睛：1. has been dead　2. a sick man 考点 8　第一组：1.with　2.for　3.provides; for　4.provided　5.with｜第二组：1.to write / writing　2.with　3.to run / running　4.不填　5.for｜第三组：1.Hundreds　2.hundred　3.Hundreds　4.million　5.Thousands｜拼词接力：1.provide sb. with　2.provide sth. for　3.continue with 第 4 关　1. ✗ has been dead　2. ✗ died from　3. ✗ takes　4. ✗ from / against 第 5 关　1. interested in　2. bank　3. ✗　4. He provided the world with a lot of useful information.　5. studying 第 6 关　Ⅰ. 1.B　2.C　3.C　4.B　5.B｜Ⅱ. 1.scientist　2.death　3.protect　4.live　5.spent｜Ⅲ. 1.scientist　2.studying　3.sick　4.for　5.exploration 加星题　1. The scientist spent his whole life protecting plants.　2. The seed bank provided people with lots of plant seeds. 第 页 / 共 页　·　闯关学习单 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 2 Inspiring People · Section B (1a-1f) 核心知识梳理 班级 ______　姓名 ______　得分 ______ 共 7 关｜满分 100★｜建议用时 45 分钟　｜　答案已用红色标出：先自己做，再看红色答案 Unit 2 Inspiring People Section B（1a-1f）核心知识梳理 · 闯关学习单 【通关地图】 关卡 闯关内容 满分 我的星星 第 1 关 热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 2 关 词汇能量站 · 必背 10 词 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 3 关 考点闯关营地 · 8 个必会考点 40★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 4 关 避坑雷达 · 10 条易错点 15★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 5 关 情境微语篇 · 种子库守护者的故事 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 6 关 终极挑战赛（依次 ★ → ★★★） 15★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 7 关 我的战绩自评 — ☆☆☆☆☆ 合计 加油，你离「王者」只差 1 颗星 100★ 第 1 关　热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜　（10★） 先别翻下面的清单！凭记忆试一试，答对 1 题得 2★，看看你能拿几颗星。 ★ 冲关开始（5 小题 × 2★） 1.【中文快译】科学（上）的（形容词）→ scientific 2.【谜语猜词】A place where money or seeds are kept safe. 谜底（名词）：bank 3.【选词填空】The children are ________ in science.　(interesting / interested) 4.【首字母填空】The old tree has been dead for many years.（死的，形容词） 5.【中译英】永远（副词）→ forever 第 2 关　词汇能量站 · 必背 10 词　（10★） 记单词有三步：记搭配 → 记变化 → 放进句子。「记忆锦囊」帮你三秒钟记住它！ 序号 中文提示 英文 记忆锦囊 1 科学（上）的（形容词） scientific science（科学）+ tific；scientific research 科学研究 2 生物学家（名词） biologist biology（生物学）→ biologist；-ist 表“某类人” 3 所有的；完全的（形容词） whole his whole life 他的一生；the whole world 整个世界 4 库；银行（名词） bank a seed bank 种子库；bank of the river 河岸 5 永远（副词） forever for + ever；disappear forever 永远消失 6 无线电；收音机（名词） radio radio engineering 无线电工程；on the radio 在收音机上 7 留下；遗留（短语） leave behind leave sth. behind 把某物留下 / 遗留 8 收集物；收藏品（名词） collection a collection of… 一批……的收藏；collect（动词） 9 继续存在；继续活着（短语） live on live on 继续存在 / 靠……生活；on 为副词 10 探索（名词） exploration scientific exploration 科学探索；explore（动词） ★ 拼词接力 只看首字母提示，把单词完整写出来。（10 个 × 1★） 1. scientific 科学的：s________ 2. biologist 生物学家：b________ 3. whole 全部的：w________ 4. bank 库；银行：b________ 5. forever 永远：f________ 6. radio 无线电：r________ 7. leave behind 留下：l________ 8. collection 收藏品：c________ 9. live on 继续存在：l________ 10. exploration 探索：e________ 提示：全部出自上面表格，写完对照末页答案自查区。 第 3 关　考点闯关营地 · 8 个必会考点　（40★） 每个考点＝考点精讲 + 知识拓展 + 即学即练 + 趣味小关卡。做完一个考点，给地图上涂一颗星。 1. On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. 2017 年 9 月 25 日，中国教授钟扬因车祸离世的消息震惊了科学界。 die v. 死；死亡；凋谢；消失 单词 词性 中文释义 die v. 死，死亡；枯萎，凋谢 died v.（过去式 / 过去分词） 死亡（动作已发生） dying adj. / v. 现在分词 垂死的；渴望；正在消亡 dead adj. 死的；无生命的（表状态） death n. [C/U] 死亡；去世 记忆小提示：die 表示短暂“死亡”动作；dead 是形容词表“死的”状态，可与时间段连用；death 是名词“死亡”。 固定搭配：1. die from + 外因（车祸、事故、外伤）；2. die of + 内因（疾病、悲伤、衰老）；3. die out 灭绝；4. be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. The famous writer died in 2020. 2. The young driver died from a traffic accident. 3. Some rare plants may die out in a few years. 4. Her death brought deep sadness to the whole family. 5. His grandpa has been dead for twelve years. 6. The dying plant in the corner needs more water. 单词 词性 核心用法 例句 die 动词 短暂动作“死去”，不与一段时间连用 The bird died yesterday. dead 形容词 表状态“死的”，可接时间段 The bird has been dead for two days. death 名词 死亡，作主语、宾语 We were shocked at his death. dying 形容词 垂死的；渴望的 The dying tree needs water. 【即学即练】 1.The old tree ________ (die) last summer. 2.We were all shocked at the ________ (die) of the great scientist. 3.The goldfish has been ________ (die) for a week. 4.These birds are ________ (die) out because of the pollution. 5.The old worker ________ (die) from a serious illness last year. 【参考答案】1.died　2.death　3.dead　4.dying　5.died ★ 拼词接力（补全短语，4 小题 × 1★） 1. 死于外因（车祸等）　d__ ____ 　→　die from 2. 死于内因（疾病等）　d__ __ 　→　die of 3. 灭绝，逐渐消失　d__ ___ 　→　die out 4. 渴望做某事　__ _____ __ __ __ 　→　be dying to do 2. The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds. 这位受人尊敬的生物学家将毕生精力投入到植物与种子的研究之中。 spend v. 花费（时间 / 金钱）；度过（不规则变化 spend-spent-spent） 单词 词性 中文释义 spend v. 花费；度过 spent v.（过去式 / 过去分词） 花费；度过（不规则） spending v. 现在分词 花费；度过 固定搭配（中考两大核心句型）：1. spend + 时间 / 金钱 + on sth.；2. spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth.（in 可省略）。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. The young biologist spent his whole life studying wild flowers. 2. I spend an hour on my homework every evening. 3. She spends a lot of money on books. 4. They spent three days (in) picking seeds. 5. We will spend the summer holiday in Dalian. 易混辨析（四大花费）：spend 主语是人；take 主语是 it；cost 主语是物；pay 主语是人。 单词 主语 含义 常用句型 spend 人 花时间 / 钱；度过 spend…on sth. / (in) doing sth. take it（形式主语） 花费（时间） It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. cost 物 花费（金钱） sth. costs sb. + 钱 pay 人 支付（金钱） pay (钱) for sth. 例句对比：I spend 20 yuan on the pen.／The pen costs me 20 yuan.／I pay 20 yuan for the pen.／It takes me half an hour to read. 【即学即练】 1.The young biologist ________ (spend) his whole life studying wild flowers. 2.We often spend half an hour ________ (read) English in the morning. 3.My father spent 300 yuan ________ a new bike. 4.Our family ________ (spend) the winter holiday in Hainan last year. 5.He spends too much time ________ (play) computer games every day. 6.It ________ me two hours to finish the report yesterday. (took / spent) 【参考答案】1.spent　2.reading　3.on　4.spent　5.playing　6.took ★ 火眼金睛（找出错误并改正，2 小题 × 1★） 1. I take two hours to do my homework every day.　→　It takes me two hours（take 主语是 it） 2. She spent two hours to clean the room.　→　(in) cleaning（spend…(in) doing） 3. These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, including the ones we need for food. 这些特殊的种子库保存着各式各样的植物种子，其中就包括我们所需的粮食作物种子。 protect v. 保护；防护 单词 词性 中文释义 protect v. 保护，防护 protection n. [U] 保护；防护 protective adj. 保护的；防护的 固定搭配（中考高频）：1. protect sb. / sth.；2. protect … from … 保护……免受……；3. protect … against … 保护……对抗……（危险）。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. We should protect the wild animals in the forest. 2. A hat can protect your head from the hot sun. 3. The wall gives protection against the strong wind. 4. She is very protective of her little brother. 易混辨析：protect 保护（让不受伤害），搭配 protect…from…；prevent 阻止（不让坏事发生），搭配 prevent…from doing sth.。 例句对比：The wall protects the house from rain.／We must prevent children from playing by the river. 【即学即练】 1.Everyone should ________ (protect) the environment. 2.A good raincoat will give you ________ (protect) from the heavy rain. 3.The city needs new rules to ________ (protect) those old trees. 4.Sunglasses can ________ our eyes ________ strong sunlight.（填介词） 5.She bought a ________ (protect) case for her new camera. 【参考答案】1.protect　2.protection　3.protect　4.protect; from　5.protective ★ 情境台词（补全对话，2 空） A: How can we protect the plants from the cold? B: We can build a special house for their protection. 4. They protect the seeds we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. 它们保护着我们所需的粮食种子，并确保重要植物不会永久地从世界上消失。 单词 词性 中文释义 include v. 包括，包含（动词） including prep. 包括……在内（介词，放名词前） included adj. 被包括在内的（放名词后） 固定搭配 & 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. including + 名词 / 代词：Many students took part in the activity, including Tom. 2. 名词 + included：Many students took part in the activity, Tom included. 3. include（动词）作谓语：The price includes breakfast. 【即学即练】 1.The shop sells many vegetables, ________ carrots and tomatoes. 2.Our hotel bill ________ breakfast and dinner. 3.All the students joined the trip, Peter ________. 4.Their team has six players, ________ two girls. 5.The new film ________ four exciting scenes. 【参考答案】1.including　2.includes　3.included　4.including　5.includes ★ 一句话挑战（翻译，1 句 × 2★） 汉语：许多植物，包括稻米和小麦，都需要保护。 英语：Many plants, including rice and wheat, need protection. 5. They make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. 它们确保重要植物不会永久地从世界上消失。 make sure 确保；查明；务必 固定句型（中考高频）：1. make sure + that 从句（that 可省略）；2. make sure to do sth.；3. make sure of + 名词。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. Make sure (that) you bring your book tomorrow. 2. Please make sure to lock the door before leaving. 3. You’d better make sure of the time of the flight. 短语 含义 常用结构 make sure 设法确保，努力做到 make sure (that)… / make sure to do / make sure of sth be sure 确信，有把握 be sure of sth；be sure that…；be sure to do（一定会） 例句对比：Make sure that nobody disturbs me.（行动上去保证）／I am sure that nobody will disturb me.（心里确信） 【即学即练】 1.You should make sure ________ (lock) the door before going out. 2.Please make sure ________ everyone arrives on time.（填引导词，可省略） 3.You’d better make sure ________ the time of the flight first.（介词） 4.Please make sure that Tom ________ (know) the new rule. 5.________ (务必) to bring your homework tomorrow. 【参考答案】1.to lock　2.that（可空着不写）3.of　4.knows　5.Make sure ★ 陷阱题（别掉进去！） 1. Make sure finishing your work on time.　（　）　✗　make sure to finish 2. I make sure that he is right.　（　）　✗　I am sure（心里确信用 be sure） 6. There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants. 在那里，他学习无线电工程，后来对植物产生了兴趣。 be interested in 对……感兴趣 单词 词性 中文释义 interest n. / v. n. 兴趣；v. 使……感兴趣 interested adj. 感到感兴趣的（修饰人） interesting adj. 有趣的；令人感兴趣的（修饰事物） 核心固定搭配（中考必考）：1. be interested in + 名词 / doing sth.；2. become interested in…；3. show interest in…。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. I am interested in history. 2. He is interested in collecting stamps. 3. She became interested in science when she was young. 4. The story is very interesting. 5. He shows great interest in biology. 单词 修饰对象 含义 例句 interested 人 感到感兴趣的 I’m interested in plants. interesting 事物 令人有趣的 That is an interesting story. 【即学即练】 1.My cousin is interested in ________ (draw). 2.She became ________ (interest) in history at middle school. 3.The children watched an ________ (interest) film about space. 4.My brother shows great ________ (interest) in sports. 5.Many young people ________ (be) interested in science. 【参考答案】1.drawing　2.interested　3.interesting　4.interest　5.are ★ 拼词接力（补全短语，3 小题 × 1★） 1. 对……感兴趣　__ _____ ______ __ 　→　be interested in 2. 对……产生兴趣　______ _____ ______ __ 　→　become interested in 3. 对……表现出兴趣　____ ______ __ 　→　show interest in 7. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work. 他时常身体抱恙，却始终坚持工作。 feel sick 感到不舒服；生病；恶心 单词 词性 中文释义 feel v. 感觉，感到（过去式：felt） sick adj. 生病的；恶心的 ill adj. 生病的（多作表语） 核心搭配：1. feel sick；2. fall sick 生病；3. be sick；4. feel + 形容词。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. I feel sick. I want to lie down. 2. He fell sick when he was working in the mountains. 3. She felt sick after eating bad food. 单词 用法 例句 sick 可放名词前作定语，也可作表语 a sick boy；He feels sick. ill 大多只作表语，一般不放在名词前 He is ill.　✗ an ill boy more than 超过；多于；不仅仅（= over）。反义：less than 少于，不到。 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. More than two hundred students joined the club. 2. It is more than a job for her. 3. He slept for less than five hours last night. 短语 中文 例句 more than 超过；不仅仅 more than 40 million 超过 4000 万 no more than 仅仅，只不过（强调少） no more than ten 仅仅十个 not more than 至多，不超过 not more than ten 不超过十个 【即学即练 · 第一组】 1.She often ________ (feel) sick after a long trip. 2.My uncle ________ (fall) sick last month. 3.Tom ________ (feel) sick last night, so he didn’t eat dinner. 4.The nurse looked after the ________ (sick) children. 5.If you ________ (feel) ill, you must stay in bed. 6.________ ________ (超过) 300 visitors came to the new library.（同义替换可用 Over） 7.She is ________ ________ (不仅仅) a good teacher. 【参考答案】1.feels　2.fell　3.felt　4.sick　5.feel　6.More than　7.more than 【即学即练 · 第二组】 1.There are ________ ________ (少于) 30 seats in the hall. 2.Over 2,000 kinds of seeds ________ (collect) by his team.（被动语态） 3.The concert lasted ________ ________ (多于) three hours. 4.The sick boy ________ (feel) better after a good sleep. 【参考答案】1.less than　2.were collected　3.more than　4.felt ★ 火眼金睛（找出错误并改正，2 小题 × 1★） 1. He has died for three years.　→　has been dead（die 短暂动词，不与 for + 时间段连用） 2. He is an ill man.　→　a sick man（ill 一般只作表语） 8. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China. 他们的辛勤工作为世界提供了大量有关中国植物的全新资料。 ① provide v. 提供；供给；给予 1. provide sb. with sth.；2. provide sth. for sb.。两句型同义：provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 易混辨析：provide 主动供给现成的东西；offer 主动提出、自愿给予，搭配 offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.。 ② continue v. 继续；持续：continue with sth.；continue to do sth.；continue doing sth.；continue on… 继续沿着……。同义：continue = go on。 ③ hundreds of 数百的；成百上千的。口诀：有数字，无 s 无 of；无数字，有 s 有 of。（thousand、million 规则相同） 中考例句（全部改写）： 1. The school provides students with free lunch. 2. After a short break, we continued doing our work. 3. Hundreds of years ago, people lived a simple life. 4. More than three hundred kinds of seeds are kept in the bank. 【即学即练 · 第一组】 1.The moon provides us ________ light at night.（介词） 2.The school provided many books ________ the children.（介词） 3.The company provides staff with free lunch.（同义句转换）The company ________ free lunch ________ staff. 4.The hotel ________ (provide) free breakfast for guests last year. 5.Parents should provide children ________ a safe home. 【参考答案】1.with　2.for　3.provides; for　4.provided　5.with 【即学即练 · 第二组】 1.Although she was busy, she continued ________ (write).（两种答案均可） 2.We’ll continue ________ our discussion after a break.（介词） 3.After a short rest, the boys continued ________ (run). 4.We will continue ________ on the road of science.（不填 / 填介词） 5.The storm continued ________ three days.（介词） 【参考答案】1.to write / writing　2.with　3.to run / running　4.不填　5.for 【即学即练 · 第三组】 1.________ (hundred) of students came to the science fair. 2.Our school has eight ________ (hundred) students. 3.________ of fish swim to the warm sea in winter.（成百上千） 4.She collected five ________ (million) stamps. 5.________ (thousand) of stars shine in the sky. 【参考答案】1.Hundreds　2.hundred　3.Hundreds　4.million　5.Thousands ★ 拼词接力（补全短语，3 小题 × 1★） 1. 为某人提供某物　______ __ ____ 　→　provide sb. with 2. 把某物提供给某人　______ ____ ___ 　→　provide sth. for 3. 继续（做）某事　_______ ____ 　→　continue with 第 4 关　避坑雷达　（15★） 下面的坑，中考年年有人掉进去。读一遍，记一句口诀，再做题。 易错点 正确用法 错误示例 ① die 是短暂动词 不与 for + 时间段连用，改用 be dead ✗ He has died for three years. ② die from / die of 外因用 from，内因用 of ✗ He died of a car accident. ③ spend / take 的主语 spend 主语是人；take 用 it 作形式主语 ✗ I take two hours to do it. ④ spend 后接动名词 spend time (in) doing sth. ✗ spend time to do sth. ⑤ protect 的搭配 protect…from… / protect…against… ✗ protect…of… ⑥ include 三兄弟 include 作谓语；including 放名词前；included 放名词后 ✗ all the fruit, apples including ⑦ make sure 的搭配 make sure to do / make sure of sth ✗ make sure doing sth. ⑧ interested / interesting interested 修饰人；interesting 修饰物 ✗ I am interesting in plants. ⑨ sick / ill 的位置 sick 可作定语；ill 只作表语 ✗ an ill man ⑩ hundred 加不加 s 有数字无 s 无 of；无数字有 s 有 of ✗ two hundreds students ★ 陷阱题（别掉进去！） 判断下列句子正误，错的请改正。（4 小题 × 2★） 1. He has died for two years.　（　）　✗　has been dead 2. The old man died of a traffic accident.　（　）　✗　died from 3. It spends me an hour to do my homework.　（　）　✗　takes（take 用 it 作主语） 4. We should protect the animals of danger.　（　）　✗　from / against 第 5 关　情境微语篇 · 种子库守护者的故事　（10★） 把零散的词放进故事里，记得更牢。先大声读一遍，再完成任务。 The Keeper of the Seed Bank A young biologist named Chen Hua loved plants very much. Ever since childhood, he was interested in wild flowers, and he dreamed of exploring the mountains one day. After he grew up, Chen Hua spent his whole life studying seeds. He often worked in a special bank of seeds, where thousands of plants are kept safe. He made sure that these seeds would live on, and never disappear forever. Sometimes he felt sick after long hours in the field, but he never stopped his work. Chen Hua provided the world with a lot of useful information about wild plants. He once said that his students would continue his scientific exploration, and the seeds he left behind might grow hundreds of years from now. ★ 阅读任务（5 小题 × 2★） 1. 填空：Ever since childhood, Chen Hua was interested in wild flowers. 2. 填空：He often worked in a special bank of seeds. 3. 判断：Chen Hua gave up his work when he felt sick.　（　）　✗ 4. 简答：What did Chen Hua provide the world with?　He provided the world with a lot of useful information. 5. 词形变换：He spent his whole life studying (study) seeds. 第 6 关　终极挑战赛　（15★） 难度一级一级升，看看你能闯到第几级！ Ⅰ. 单项选择（5 小题 × 1★）　★ 1. Zhong Yang was a great ______ who studied plants all his life.　B 　　A. scientific　B. scientist　C. science　D. scientifically 2. The old man ______ for ten years, but we still miss him.　C 　　A. has died　B. died　C. has been dead　D. dies 3. Our teacher often spends an hour ______ our homework every day.　C 　　A. check　B. to check　C. checking　D. checked 4. All the children went to the zoo, ______ Lily.　B 　　A. include　B. including　C. included　D. includes 5. ______ of visitors come to the science museum every year.　B 　　A. Hundred　B. Hundreds　C. Two hundreds　D. Hundred of Ⅱ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（5 小题 × 1★）　★★ 1. The great _______ (science) made many important discoveries.　scientist 2. His _______ (die) made the whole team very sad.　death 3. We must _______ (protection) the wild animals in the forest.　protect 4. These plants can _______ (live) on for hundreds of years.　live 5. The old man _______ (spend) all his money on books.　spent Ⅲ. 语篇填空（5 空 × 1★）　★★★　用适当的词或所给词的适当形式填空 Chen Hua was a young (1)______ (science) who loved plants. He spent his whole life (2)______ (study) seeds in a special seed bank. He often felt (3)______ (sick), but he never gave up. He made sure that the seeds would not disappear (4)______ ever. Today, his students continue his (5)______ (explore) in the mountains. 答案：1.scientist　2.studying　3.sick　4.for　5.exploration ★ 加星题 加分题（做对 1 题 +2★，最多 +4★）把下面的句子译成英语： 1. 这位科学家把毕生精力都投入到保护植物上。 → The scientist spent his whole life protecting plants. 2. 种子库为人们提供了大量的植物种子。 → The seed bank provided people with lots of plant seeds. 第 7 关　我的战绩自评　（记录你的进步） 环节 满分 我得的星 我的易错点 / 想再练一遍的地方 第 1 关　热身闯关 10★ 第 2 关　词汇能量站 10★ 第 3 关　考点闯关营地 40★ 第 4 关　避坑雷达 15★ 第 5 关　情境微语篇 10★ 第 6 关　终极挑战赛 15★ 合计 100★ ★ 段位榜 90★ 及以上 · 王者　｜　80★ 黄金　｜　70★ 白银　｜　60★ 青铜　｜　60★ 以下：再来一次，把错题讲给同学听！ 【错题收纳盒】把今天做错的题号写下来，明天重做一遍。 1. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 家长 / 老师签字：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 第 页 / 共 页　·　闯关学习单 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $