精品解析：北京市精华学校2026-2027学年上学期高三年级开学测试英语试题

精华学校2026—2027学年高三年级入学测试 英语 2026.08 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Some folks spend decades looking for their best friends. I was lucky enough to find mine in Grade 7 at my senior school — eight ____1____ girls. As we progressed to high school, a couple of girls ____2____ and a couple of new ones wormed their way in. By the end of Grade 12, the group had more or less ____3____ into its final form, one that’s remained remarkably complete for the past 20 years. Among our many traditions is an annual Christmas exchange. This event first ____4____when we were 12. We set it up on the long, sticky cafeteria tables at our school to swap ____5____gifts bought with our babysitting money. In following years, we’d ____6____ a night of it, watching movies and ordering pizza in parents’ living rooms, eventually moving into our own shabby student apartments, into slightly less shabby adult apartments and then into our first ____7____. At the beginning, we gave each other butterfly hair clips and so on. Those ____8____ bright mall jewelry and cheerful housewares as we began nesting in our 20s and baby clothes once we started having ____9____ in our 30s. Holidays with family can be cozy, but our exchange offered something else: a chance for my friends and me to ____10____ our own traditions and play at being grown-ups. 1. A. mature B. teenage C. fashionable D. strange 2. A. dropped out B. dropped in C. showed up D. showed off 3. A. broken B. forced C. separated D. united 4. A. caught on B. took place C. broke out D. fell down 5. A. fancy B. expensive C. modest D. generous 6. A. repeat B. add C. search D. make 7. A. homes B. schools C. shelters D. offices 8. A. held on to B. gave way to C. catered to D. adapted to 9. A. salaries B. jobs C. kids D. families 10. A. create B. reform C. apply D. recognize 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31, he ____11____ (collect) a total of 23 golds, three silvers and two bronzes at the Olympics, a record that looks unlikely to be broken for many years ____12____(come). Phelps suffered hyperactivity disorder (多动症) as a child and ____13____ (encourage) to take up swimming at seven to control his energy. Over the years he developed into a champion swimmer, beating record after record. “I was trying to see ____14____ I could really do and where my potential could go,” said Phelps. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 How to stay positive when things don’t go as ____15____ (plan)? One effective strategy is to focus on what you can control. While certain aspects of a situation may be ____16____ your influence, identifying and taking action on the elements within your control can empower you. This proactive approach helps shift your focus from ____17____ (dwell) on the disappointment to taking constructive steps toward a positive outcome. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Language learning not only improves your ability to express yourself but also ____18____ (deep) your understanding of others. It means exposure to different cultures, traditions and customs, which helps you gain a greater appreciation for diversity and foster empathy and understanding towards others. Apart from that, when you learn a language spoken in a particular region or country, it enhances your travel experiences by allowing you to communicate with ____19____ (local), understand their culture, ____20____ navigate unfamiliar places more easily. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Constantly regret spending too much time on your phone but just cannot stop? You are not alone. Here are five tips from Prof. Mark Griffiths， psychologist and behavioral addiction expert at Nottingham Trent University to help you live well with your phone. Step it down gradually The urge to check your phone can become reflexive and habitual. For some， going a few minutes without checking their phone is difficult. If this sounds like you， try to go 15 minutes without doing it. Once you realize this is possible， increase the length of time you avoid checking to 30 minutes， an hour， and then a few hours， or a day. Monitor usage Download an app that will tell you how much time you're spending online. This could make you aware of a problem—the first step to a solution. Buy an alarm clock Don’t use your phone as an alarm， or you might be tempted(诱惑) to check texts and emails last thing at night and as soon as you wake up. Instead， ban phones from the bedroom. Designate bedtimes and mealtimes as smartphone-free zones. Consider buying a clock， so you're no longer tempted by emails and texts when you check the time. Spring clean your contacts How many online friends do you actually speak to? Reduce alerts and distractions by removing contacts on social networking sites， deleting unused apps， and unsubscribing from groups that offer little benefit. Consider deleting any games that are taking up a lot of your time. Learn to wait Be mindful of the benefits of not regularly checking your phone. People who react to messages as they arrive tend to write longer responses than those who wait and deal with them all as a block. Waiting will gain you time to spend on other activities. 21. According to the passage， which of the following can help ban phones from the bed ? A. Monitoring usage. B. Using a clock. C. Cleaning contacts. D. Learning to wait. 22. It can be learnt from the passage that_________. A. games take up more time than other apps B. reacting to messages in time is important C. people are often tempted to use cell phones D. people shouldn’t check emails by cell phones 23. The purpose of the article is to_________. A. introduce ways to manage phone usages B. emphasize the harm of using cellphones C. persuade readers to get rid of cellphones D. explain multiple functions of cellphones B Paralympian Anastasia Pagonis’ remarkable success story began when she lost her vision at age 14. Granted, it’s a tough age for any teen, but dealing with a life-changing disability made things even more challenging. “It took me about eight months to kind of regroup myself,” she told TODAY, “and then I got it in my head, ‘Okay, I’m blind. Now what am I going to do with my life?’” A Long Island native, Pagonis practically grew up in the water. She’d taken up competitive freestyle swimming just a few months prior to going totally blind. While she excelled at the sport with limited vision, an “abusive team” atmosphere prompted her to quit competition. After months of therapy, however, the persistent teen was ready to get back in the swim — only swimming wasn’t enough for Pagonis. She wanted to compete. Now she was faced with another dilemma. “Nobody wanted to train the blind girl,” she recalled in an interview with TEAM USA. “I ended up after about eight months finding an amazing coach who was willing to train me and actually put on blackout goggles to try to figure out a way for me to swim.” By the age of 16, Pagonis was earning a reputation as a fierce competitor, taking two gold medals at the World Para Swimming World Series in Australia. When Pagonis realized her experiences and positive outlook might be a boon (益处)to others, she eagerly stepped up as a role model. “I want to help people the way I needed help,” Pagonis told TEAM USA. “I started doing Instagram and social media and was soon getting a bunch of replies saying, ‘Wow! You really helped me get through bad things,’ or, ‘I was getting bullied in school and you helped me get through that,’ or, ‘You let me know how much I was worth.’” Back in the water, Pagonis was truly in her element. “It’s my happy place,” she told TODAY. “It’s the place where I feel like I don’t have a disability and I feel like that’s the only place where I feel free. When I dive in the water, it’s just me in the pool and I feel such a connection with it. Sometimes you need to take a leap of faith because if you don’t try, you don’t know. Always follow your dreams.” 24. What difficulty did Pagonis face after she quit competition? A. She had to wear goggles. B. It was hard to find her a coach. C. Her skills weren’t useful in darkness. D. She couldn’t do the freestyle anymore. 25. It can be learnt from the passage that Pagonis ______. A. stopped swimming for two years B. improved her vision by swimming C. helped many people through difficulties D. devoted herself to fighting against bullies 26. What does the story mainly tell us? A. Team spirit is vital for winning. B. Role models make us who we are. C. A good teacher is the key to success. D. Disability does not limit one’s success. C Extraverts(外向型的人) are hugely sociable—they really care about their relationships, and possess outstanding social skills. Well, that’s how extraverts are generally described. But, according to new work, that’s not exactly how other people see them. In a series of studies reported in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Francis J. Flynn at Stanford University, US and colleagues consistently found that more extraverted people are considered to be poorer listeners. Their research also reveals a likely reason why. There is no academic agreement on what constitutes “good” listening. But, in line with some other researchers, the team conceptualises it as involving emotion-related processes, cognitive processes and also behavioural processes. In everyday life, it’s not necessarily easy to ascertain whether the person we’re talking to is really listening, however. They might be making plenty of eye contact, for example, but it’s always possible that they’re just pretending to be listening well. In this research, the team focused on only the participants’ perceptions of others’ listening skills. In an earlier study, 147 first-year business students, who met weekly in groups of six to work on leadership skills, rated the listening skills of everyone else in their group. The participants then completed a scale that assessed their own extraversion. The team found that those with higher self-reported extraversion got poorer marks for listening. However, in this study, people’s perceptions could have been influenced by the actual social relationships they had with other members of their group. So in almost all of the subsequent studies, fresh groups of participants rated the listening skills of fictional people who were described as falling at various points on the intraversion-extraversion spectrum (范围). Results from these studies supported the previous finding. Time and again, extraverted people were rated as being poorer listeners in social situations. As the team writes: “That is, despite the tendency for people to see extraverts as highly sociable, they tend to see this sociability as highly one-sided.” An online study of 337 US-based adults suggested why this might be. Fictional people who were described as highly extraverted were also perceived to be better at controlling and modifying how they come across to others. “To observers, this signal of malleable self-presentation suggests that extraverts are more interested in ‘looking the part’ than attending to what others have to say,” the team writes. It would be really interesting, though, to see work on the real-world implications of this particular belief. “For example, listening has been identified as the key to successful sales,” the team notes—so perhaps it would be wise for highly extraverted sales people to try to modify their behaviour with clients. A vast amount of research has been done on extraversion itself. “Our findings contribute to the study of extraversion by examining how people think about extraversion,” the researchers write. And for understanding conversations and relationships, which of course are two-way, that’s clearly important, too. 27. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Some reasons for poor listening ability. B. The participants’ perception of listening. C. A common understanding of good listening. D. Some practical skills in improving listening. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. Being extraverted might be an unpleasant personality. B. Some people are afraid to assess their group members. C. Fictional people decrease the reliability of the research. D. Actual social relationship determines the scores of rating. 29. What does the underlined word “malleable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Smart. B. Flexible. C. Consistent. D. Stable. 30. What message does the author probably convey to extroverted people? A. It is wise to listen more when communicating. B. Focusing on people’s eyes makes a good speaker. C. Rating oneself honestly helps one in social situations. D. It is necessary to change one’s self-presentation style. D In our information-driven society, shaping our worldview through the media is similar to forming an opinion about someone solely based on a picture of their foot. While the media might not deliberately deceive us, it often fails to provide a comprehensive view of reality. Consequently, the question arises: Where, then, shall we get our information from if not from the media? Who can we trust? How about experts—people who devote their working lives to understanding their chosen slice of the world? However, even experts can fall prey to the allure of oversimplification, leading to the “single perspective instinct” that hampers(阻碍)our ability to grasp the intricacies of the world. Simple ideas can be appealing because they offer a sense of understanding and certainty. And it is easy to take off down a slippery slope, from one attention-grabbing simple idea to a feeling that this idea beautifully explains, or is the beautiful solution for, lots of other things. The world becomes simple that way. Yet, when we embrace a singular cause or solution for all problems, we risk oversimplifying complex issues. For instance, championing the concept of equality may lead us to view all problems through the lens of inequality and see resource distribution as the sole panacea. However, such rigidity prevents us from seeing the multidimensional nature of challenges and hinders true comprehension of reality. This “single perspective instinct” ultimately clouds our judgment and restricts our capacity to tackle complex issues effectively. It saves a lot of time to think like this. You can have opinions and answers without having to learn about a problem from scratch and you can get on with using your brain for other tasks. But it’s not so useful if you like to understand the world. Being always in favor of or always against any particular idea makes you blind to information that doesn’t fit your perspective. This is usually a bad approach if you would like to understand reality. Instead, constantly test your favorite ideas for weaknesses. Be humble about the extent of your expertise. Be curious about new information that doesn’t fit, and information from other fields. And rather than talking only to people who agree with you, or collecting examples that fit your ideas, consult people who contradict you, disagree with you, and put forward different ideas as a great resource for understanding the world. I have been wrong about the world so many times. Sometimes, coming up against reality is what helps me see my mistakes, but often it is talking to, and trying to understand, someone with different ideas. If this means you don’t have time to form so many opinions, so what? Wouldn’t you rather have few opinions that are right than many that are wrong? 31. What does the underlined word “allure” in Para.2 probably mean? A. Temptation. B. Tradition. C. Convenience. D. Consequence. 32. Why are simple ideas appealing according to the passage? A. They meet people’s demand for high efficiency. B. They generate a sense of complete understanding. C. They are raised and supported by multiple experts. D. They reflect the opinions of like-minded individuals. 33. What will the author probably agree with? A. Simplifying matters releases energy for human brains. B. Constant tests on our ideas help make up for our weakness. C. A well-founded opinion counts more than many shallow ones. D. People who disagree with us often have comprehensive views. 34. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. Embracing Disagreement: Refusing Overcomplexity B. Simplifying Information: Enhancing Comprehension C. Understanding Differences: Establishing Relationships D. Navigating Complexity: Challenging Oversimplification 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The coming of a new year marks a fresh start and motivates many people to break bad habits. Some are easier to shake than others. However, the tendency to procrastinate is among the stickiest. Whether it’s finishing a piece of work, sending an email or going for a run, some tasks can become unconquerable. The easiest way to deal with these tasks is to put them off until later or never at all. It’s procrastination. It is a specific form of delay that is both unnecessary and voluntary.____35____. At its heart, procrastination is about avoidance. Rather than the task itself, it’s often the emotions attached to an activity that cause people to pause. ____36____. When you’re faced with a broad question or topic to write about, the lack of clear instructions can produce a fear of not getting it right or of what might happen if you get it wrong. The person procrastinating usually does so despite knowing that the task is important or valuable to them or others and that putting it off could be risky to them or others. Big projects may bring overpowered feelings which are likely to lead to procrastination. ____37____. Answering an ordinary email from work, for example, may bring instant discomfort, so the urge to escape such negative emotion defeats one’s duty to complete the daily task. Like any personality character, there are some biological connections. Research suggests that procrastination is linked to impatience on a genetic level. It may be a passed-down property. ____38____. Environmental factors are just as important in shaping our response to tasks. Someone who doesn’t usually procrastinate can do so if they find themselves in a situation that exhausts their responding abilities, such as the death of a family member. ____39____. Of course, procrastination can pile on more pressures by leaving a task hanging over a person’s head, thus producing a negative cycle that can damage mental health, lower academic performance and lead to financial trouble. A. But that doesn’t mean you’re stuck and that’s who you are. B. Procrastination becomes an easy and ‘dirty’ way of reaction when your handling resources are maxed out. C. Chances are that you will find yourself supported by procrastination all along. D. It isn’t caused by the person’s need to prioritize other tasks or by an unexpected emergency. E. You will become increasingly frustrated with yourself for not getting the task done. F. However, the threat can also come from something tiny. G. Handling the first lines of a college essay may bring up feelings of self-doubt, for example. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 “Your order is on its way!” Is there any notification that brings more joy than this? But there could be more behind your motivations for hitting “buy now”. A survey found over a quarter of respondents reported “doom spending” — splashing cash on unnecessary purchases despite economic concerns to cope with stress. Doom spending can put you at risk of financial stress, cause tension in relationships, evoke feelings of shame, and drain your bank balance of funds that could be spent otherwise. But why is it so hard to resist the urge to spend? The reason we feel happy and satisfied when swiping our credit cards is the dopamine rush it offers. Interestingly, the dopamine doesn’t turn up in the acquisition of something. It occurs in the impulse or the motivation to go forth and hunt. In other words, it’s the try-on of the perfect shoes or the test drive of the new car rather than the actual buying. So when feeling the urge to buy, pause, note the item and wait at least 24 hours before acting, allowing time for dopamine’s effect to flow through the body. You may find that after the effect wears off, you don’t have the urge to buy. For some people, shopping serves as a coping mechanism — a way to find comfort and build self-esteem or self-confidence. They often turn to that product again and again, hoping it will make them feel a little bit better. However, this inability to properly self-soothe can result in a “treat yourself” mentality after a bad day. If you feel the need for a treat or some self-care, put your credit card away and reach for something more wholesome and long-lasting like meditation, spending time in nature, or connecting with friends. These alternatives not only provide longer-lasting benefits but also help fill your emotional well-being. But being mindful with money doesn’t have to mean avoiding spending on little things that bring you joy. Little splurges and “treat yourself” moments can be a great way to bring happiness if they are controlled. Having allocated funds for “splurge” purchases, and keeping a list on how much to spend from these can create a more mindful approach to spending, rather than one that’s impulsive and stress-motivated. 40. According to the passage, what is “doom spending”? ________________________________________________________ 41. What are the alternatives to comfort yourself instead of spending money? ________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why. Dopamine is released when people actually buy something, which makes them feel happy and satisfied. ________________________________________________________ 43. What benefit(s) can you get from being mindful with money? (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校计划开展“健康第一”主题活动，请你用英语给你的国际部好友Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括： 1．活动内容； 2．活动意义。 注意：（1）词数100左右； （2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 精华学校2026—2027学年高三年级入学测试 英语 2026.08 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Some folks spend decades looking for their best friends. I was lucky enough to find mine in Grade 7 at my senior school — eight ____1____ girls. As we progressed to high school, a couple of girls ____2____ and a couple of new ones wormed their way in. By the end of Grade 12, the group had more or less ____3____ into its final form, one that’s remained remarkably complete for the past 20 years. Among our many traditions is an annual Christmas exchange. This event first ____4____when we were 12. We set it up on the long, sticky cafeteria tables at our school to swap ____5____gifts bought with our babysitting money. In following years, we’d ____6____ a night of it, watching movies and ordering pizza in parents’ living rooms, eventually moving into our own shabby student apartments, into slightly less shabby adult apartments and then into our first ____7____. At the beginning, we gave each other butterfly hair clips and so on. Those ____8____ bright mall jewelry and cheerful housewares as we began nesting in our 20s and baby clothes once we started having ____9____ in our 30s. Holidays with family can be cozy, but our exchange offered something else: a chance for my friends and me to ____10____ our own traditions and play at being grown-ups. 1. A. mature B. teenage C. fashionable D. strange 2. A. dropped out B. dropped in C. showed up D. showed off 3. A. broken B. forced C. separated D. united 4. A. caught on B. took place C. broke out D. fell down 5. A. fancy B. expensive C. modest D. generous 6. A. repeat B. add C. search D. make 7. A. homes B. schools C. shelters D. offices 8. A. held on to B. gave way to C. catered to D. adapted to 9. A. salaries B. jobs C. kids D. families 10. A. create B. reform C. apply D. recognize 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述作者与七位好友二十余年坚守圣诞礼物交换传统，见证彼此人生不同阶段的温暖友谊故事。 【1题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有些人花费数十年寻找挚友，我很幸运，在初中七年级就找到了属于我的挚友——八个十几岁的女孩。A. mature成熟的；B. teenage十几岁的；C. fashionable时尚的；D. strange奇怪的。根据前文“find mine in Grade 7 at my senior school”可知，七年级时她们都是十几岁的少女。 【2题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：升入高中之后，有几个女孩退出了，又有几个新女孩慢慢加入进来。A. dropped out退出；B. dropped in顺便拜访；C. showed up出现；D. showed off炫耀。根据后文“a couple of new ones wormed their way in”可知，一部分人离开，另一部分新人加入。 【3题详解】 考查动词。句意：到十二年级末，这个小团体差不多凝聚成最终的格局，在过去二十年间这份情谊大体完好。A. broken打碎；B. forced强迫；C. separated分开；D. united联合。根据后文“one that’s remained remarkably complete for the past 20 years”可知，团体最终凝聚成型，二十年来大体完整。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在我们众多传统当中有一年一度的圣诞礼物交换，这项活动最早始于我们十二岁的时候。A. caught on流行；B. took place发生；C. broke out爆发；D. fell down摔倒。根据后文“when we were 12”可知，此处表达该活动最早发生在她们十二岁时。 【5题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我们在学校黏糊糊的长长的食堂餐桌上开展活动，交换靠照看小孩赚来钱所购买的不贵重的礼物。A. fancy精致的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. modest不贵重的；D. generous慷慨的。根据后文“bought with our babysitting money”可知，零花钱有限，购买的礼物朴实不贵重。 【6题详解】 考查动词。句意：在之后的几年里，我们会痛快地玩上一整晚，在父母家客厅看电影、点披萨，后来搬到简陋学生公寓，再之后搬进我们第一批属于自己的家。A. repeat重复；B. add增加；C. search搜寻；D. make安排，度过。make a night of it为固定搭配，表示痛快玩一整晚，根据后文“watching movies and ordering pizza in parents’ living rooms”可知，她们整夜聚会玩乐。 【7题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。A. homes家；B. schools学校；C. shelters庇护所；D. offices办公室。根据前文“shabby student apartments, into slightly less shabby adult apartments”，人生阶段递进，之后拥有自己的家。 【8题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：一开始我们互赠蝴蝶发夹之类小物件，二十多岁准备安家时，那些小物件被光鲜商场饰品和好看家居用品所取代，等到三十多岁生育孩子之后礼物又变成婴儿服饰。A. held on to坚持；B. gave way to让位给，被……取代；C. catered to迎合；D. adapted to适应。根据前文“we gave each other butterfly hair clips and so on”和后文“bright mall jewelry and cheerful housewares”可知，礼物随着年龄发生更替，旧礼物类型被新礼物替代。 【9题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。A. salaries薪水；B. jobs工作；C. kids孩子；D. families家庭。根据后文“baby clothes”可知，三十多岁她们有了孩子，礼物变成婴儿衣物。 【10题详解】 考查动词。句意：和家人共度假日固然温馨，但我们的礼物交换带来别样体验：我和朋友们有机会创造属于自己的传统，体验成年人的生活。A. create创造；B. reform改革；C. apply应用；D. recognize认出。根据前文第三段中的“Among our many traditions is an annual Christmas exchange”可知，圣诞交换礼物是她们自己开创的专属传统。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31, he ____11____ (collect) a total of 23 golds, three silvers and two bronzes at the Olympics, a record that looks unlikely to be broken for many years ____12____(come). Phelps suffered hyperactivity disorder (多动症) as a child and ____13____ (encourage) to take up swimming at seven to control his energy. Over the years he developed into a champion swimmer, beating record after record. “I was trying to see ____14____ I could really do and where my potential could go,” said Phelps. 【答案】11. had collected 12. to come 13. was encouraged 14. what 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了游泳运动员迈克尔·菲尔普斯的奥运成就以及他走上游泳道路的经历。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：到迈克尔·菲尔普斯31岁退役时，他已经在奥运会上总共斩获23枚金牌、3枚银牌和2枚铜牌，这项纪录在未来许多年似乎都不太可能被打破。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语By the time Michael Phelps retired at 31可知，collect发生在retired这个过去动作之前，即“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时，其结构为“had +过去分词”，所以谓语动词为had collected。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，come修饰名词many years，二者为将来的逻辑关系，所以用动词不定式to come。 【13题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：菲尔普斯小时候患有多动症，在七岁时他被鼓励开始游泳来控制自己的精力。此处为并列句的谓语动词，主语he和encourage之间为被动关系，讲述小时候发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，一般过去时被动语态结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语是he，所以谓语动词为was encouraged。 【14题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：菲尔普斯说：“我当时想弄清楚我真正能够做到什么，以及我的潜力能够达到什么程度。”此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作see的宾语，从句中do缺少宾语，指事物，所以用连接词what。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 How to stay positive when things don’t go as ____15____ (plan)? One effective strategy is to focus on what you can control. While certain aspects of a situation may be ____16____ your influence, identifying and taking action on the elements within your control can empower you. This proactive approach helps shift your focus from ____17____ (dwell) on the disappointment to taking constructive steps toward a positive outcome. 【答案】15. planned 16. beyond 17. dwelling 【解析】 【导语】本文提出了一个有效策略：当事情不如预期时，专注于自己能够掌控的事物，把注意力从沉溺于失望转向采取建设性行动。 【15题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：当事情不如计划那样进展时，该如何保持积极？此处是固定结构as planned，此空是过去分词planned，类似的用法还有as expected/as scheduled。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：虽然情况的某些方面可能超出你的影响范围，但识别并对你可控的因素采取行动可以赋予你力量。根据“While”及“within your control”可知，此空是介词beyond。beyond one’s influence是固定搭配，意为“超出某人的影响范围”。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种主动的方法有助于将你的注意力从沉溺于失望，转向采取建设性步骤，争取积极结果。介词from后接动名词dwelling，作宾语。dwell on是固定短语，表示“沉湎于”。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Language learning not only improves your ability to express yourself but also ____18____ (deep) your understanding of others. It means exposure to different cultures, traditions and customs, which helps you gain a greater appreciation for diversity and foster empathy and understanding towards others. Apart from that, when you learn a language spoken in a particular region or country, it enhances your travel experiences by allowing you to communicate with ____19____ (local), understand their culture, ____20____ navigate unfamiliar places more easily. 【答案】18. deepens 19. locals 20. and 【解析】 【导语】文章主要说明了学习语言既能提升表达能力、加深对他人的理解，感受多元文化，还能在旅行中和当地人交流，更轻松地了解文化、探索陌生地方。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：学习语言不仅能提升你的表达能力，还能加深你对他人理解。not only...but also...连接并列谓语，主语Language learning是单数；前面improves为一般现在时第三人称单数，deep作动词表示 “加深”，变形为deepens。 【19题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：此外，当你学习某个地区或国家的语言时，还能提升旅行体验，因为这让你能够与当地人交流、了解他们的文化，并更轻松地在陌生的地方活动。local 此处是名词，意为 “当地人”，表一类人，用复数locals。 【20题详解】 考查连词。句意：此外，当你学习某个地区或国家的语言时，还能提升旅行体验，因为这让你能够与当地人交流、了解他们的文化，并更轻松地在陌生的地方活动。三个并列动词短语communicate、understand以及navigate，最后一项前面加并列连词and。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Constantly regret spending too much time on your phone but just cannot stop? You are not alone. Here are five tips from Prof. Mark Griffiths， psychologist and behavioral addiction expert at Nottingham Trent University to help you live well with your phone. Step it down gradually The urge to check your phone can become reflexive and habitual. For some， going a few minutes without checking their phone is difficult. If this sounds like you， try to go 15 minutes without doing it. Once you realize this is possible， increase the length of time you avoid checking to 30 minutes， an hour， and then a few hours， or a day. Monitor usage Download an app that will tell you how much time you're spending online. This could make you aware of a problem—the first step to a solution. Buy an alarm clock Don’t use your phone as an alarm， or you might be tempted(诱惑) to check texts and emails last thing at night and as soon as you wake up. Instead， ban phones from the bedroom. Designate bedtimes and mealtimes as smartphone-free zones. Consider buying a clock， so you're no longer tempted by emails and texts when you check the time. Spring clean your contacts How many online friends do you actually speak to? Reduce alerts and distractions by removing contacts on social networking sites， deleting unused apps， and unsubscribing from groups that offer little benefit. Consider deleting any games that are taking up a lot of your time. Learn to wait Be mindful of the benefits of not regularly checking your phone. People who react to messages as they arrive tend to write longer responses than those who wait and deal with them all as a block. Waiting will gain you time to spend on other activities. 21. According to the passage， which of the following can help ban phones from the bed ? A. Monitoring usage. B. Using a clock. C. Cleaning contacts. D. Learning to wait. 22. It can be learnt from the passage that_________. A. games take up more time than other apps B. reacting to messages in time is important C. people are often tempted to use cell phones D. people shouldn’t check emails by cell phones 23. The purpose of the article is to_________. A. introduce ways to manage phone usages B. emphasize the harm of using cellphones C. persuade readers to get rid of cellphones D. explain multiple functions of cellphones 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。诺丁汉特伦特大学的心理学家和行为成瘾专家马克·格里菲斯教授给出了五条建议，帮助我们更好地使用手机。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Buy an alarm clock中的“Consider buying a clock， so you're no longer tempted by emails and texts when you check the time.(考虑买个时钟，这样当你查看时间的时候就不会被邮件和短信诱惑了。)”可知，使用闹钟有助于阻止你在床上使用手机。故选B。 【22题详解】 推理判断题题。根据文章第一段“Constantly regret spending too much time on your phone but just cannot stop?(总是后悔在手机上花了太多时间，又停不下来?)”、Step it down gradually中的“The urge to check your phone can become reflexive and habitual. (查看手机的冲动会变成条件反射和习惯。)”和Spring clean your contacts中的“Reduce alerts and distractions by removing contacts on social networking sites， deleting unused apps， and unsubscribing from groups that offer little benefit. Consider deleting any games that are taking up a lot of your time. (删除社交网站上的联系人、删除不用的应用程序、取消订阅那些没什么好处的群组，可以减少提醒和干扰。考虑删除任何占用你大量时间的游戏。)”可推断，人们经常被诱惑使用手机。故选C。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Here are five tips from Prof. Mark Griffiths， psychologist and behavioral addiction expert at Nottingham Trent University to help you live well with your phone. (诺丁汉特伦特大学的心理学家和行为成瘾专家马克·格里菲斯教授给出了五条建议，帮助你更好地使用手机。)”及全文可推断，本文的目的是介绍管理电话使用的方法。故选A。 B Paralympian Anastasia Pagonis’ remarkable success story began when she lost her vision at age 14. Granted, it’s a tough age for any teen, but dealing with a life-changing disability made things even more challenging. “It took me about eight months to kind of regroup myself,” she told TODAY, “and then I got it in my head, ‘Okay, I’m blind. Now what am I going to do with my life?’” A Long Island native, Pagonis practically grew up in the water. She’d taken up competitive freestyle swimming just a few months prior to going totally blind. While she excelled at the sport with limited vision, an “abusive team” atmosphere prompted her to quit competition. After months of therapy, however, the persistent teen was ready to get back in the swim — only swimming wasn’t enough for Pagonis. She wanted to compete. Now she was faced with another dilemma. “Nobody wanted to train the blind girl,” she recalled in an interview with TEAM USA. “I ended up after about eight months finding an amazing coach who was willing to train me and actually put on blackout goggles to try to figure out a way for me to swim.” By the age of 16, Pagonis was earning a reputation as a fierce competitor, taking two gold medals at the World Para Swimming World Series in Australia. When Pagonis realized her experiences and positive outlook might be a boon (益处)to others, she eagerly stepped up as a role model. “I want to help people the way I needed help,” Pagonis told TEAM USA. “I started doing Instagram and social media and was soon getting a bunch of replies saying, ‘Wow! You really helped me get through bad things,’ or, ‘I was getting bullied in school and you helped me get through that,’ or, ‘You let me know how much I was worth.’” Back in the water, Pagonis was truly in her element. “It’s my happy place,” she told TODAY. “It’s the place where I feel like I don’t have a disability and I feel like that’s the only place where I feel free. When I dive in the water, it’s just me in the pool and I feel such a connection with it. Sometimes you need to take a leap of faith because if you don’t try, you don’t know. Always follow your dreams.” 24. What difficulty did Pagonis face after she quit competition? A. She had to wear goggles. B. It was hard to find her a coach. C. Her skills weren’t useful in darkness. D. She couldn’t do the freestyle anymore. 25. It can be learnt from the passage that Pagonis ______. A. stopped swimming for two years B. improved her vision by swimming C. helped many people through difficulties D. devoted herself to fighting against bullies 26. What does the story mainly tell us? A. Team spirit is vital for winning. B. Role models make us who we are. C. A good teacher is the key to success. D. Disability does not limit one’s success. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述残奥运动员阿纳斯塔西娅·帕戈尼斯失明后不畏困境坚持游泳，取得佳绩并激励他人成长的励志故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Nobody wanted to train the blind girl,” she recalled in an interview with TEAM USA. “I ended up after about eight months finding an amazing coach who was willing to train me and actually put on blackout goggles to try to figure out a way for me to swim.(“没人愿意训练这个失明的女孩，”她在接受TEAM USA采访时回忆道。“大约八个月后，我终于找到了一位很棒的教练，他愿意训练我，还戴上遮光护目镜，努力摸索适合我的游泳方式。”)”可知，帕戈尼斯退出比赛之后遇到的困难是很难找到愿意训练她的教练。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的““I started doing Instagram and social media and was soon getting a bunch of replies saying, ‘Wow! You really helped me get through bad things,’ or, ‘I was getting bullied in school and you helped me get through that,’ or, ‘You let me know how much I was worth.’”(“我开始玩照片墙和社交媒体，不久就收到一大堆回复，上面写着：‘哇！你真的帮我熬过了那些难熬的事’，或者‘我在学校遭到霸凌，是你帮我挺过来的’，又或者‘是你让我知道自己有多宝贵’。”)”可知，帕戈尼斯帮助很多人渡过困境。 【26题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Paralympian Anastasia Pagonis’ remarkable success story began when she lost her vision at age 14.(残奥运动员阿纳斯塔西娅·帕戈尼斯非凡的成功故事始于她14岁失明之时。)”以及第七段中的“Sometimes you need to take a leap of faith because if you don’t try, you don’t know. Always follow your dreams.(有时你需要勇敢一搏，不去尝试就永远没有答案，永远追随自己的梦想。)”可知，文章讲述主人公身有残疾却奋力追梦收获成功，告诉我们残疾并不能限制一个人取得成功。 C Extraverts(外向型的人) are hugely sociable—they really care about their relationships, and possess outstanding social skills. Well, that’s how extraverts are generally described. But, according to new work, that’s not exactly how other people see them. In a series of studies reported in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Francis J. Flynn at Stanford University, US and colleagues consistently found that more extraverted people are considered to be poorer listeners. Their research also reveals a likely reason why. There is no academic agreement on what constitutes “good” listening. But, in line with some other researchers, the team conceptualises it as involving emotion-related processes, cognitive processes and also behavioural processes. In everyday life, it’s not necessarily easy to ascertain whether the person we’re talking to is really listening, however. They might be making plenty of eye contact, for example, but it’s always possible that they’re just pretending to be listening well. In this research, the team focused on only the participants’ perceptions of others’ listening skills. In an earlier study, 147 first-year business students, who met weekly in groups of six to work on leadership skills, rated the listening skills of everyone else in their group. The participants then completed a scale that assessed their own extraversion. The team found that those with higher self-reported extraversion got poorer marks for listening. However, in this study, people’s perceptions could have been influenced by the actual social relationships they had with other members of their group. So in almost all of the subsequent studies, fresh groups of participants rated the listening skills of fictional people who were described as falling at various points on the intraversion-extraversion spectrum (范围). Results from these studies supported the previous finding. Time and again, extraverted people were rated as being poorer listeners in social situations. As the team writes: “That is, despite the tendency for people to see extraverts as highly sociable, they tend to see this sociability as highly one-sided.” An online study of 337 US-based adults suggested why this might be. Fictional people who were described as highly extraverted were also perceived to be better at controlling and modifying how they come across to others. “To observers, this signal of malleable self-presentation suggests that extraverts are more interested in ‘looking the part’ than attending to what others have to say,” the team writes. It would be really interesting, though, to see work on the real-world implications of this particular belief. “For example, listening has been identified as the key to successful sales,” the team notes—so perhaps it would be wise for highly extraverted sales people to try to modify their behaviour with clients. A vast amount of research has been done on extraversion itself. “Our findings contribute to the study of extraversion by examining how people think about extraversion,” the researchers write. And for understanding conversations and relationships, which of course are two-way, that’s clearly important, too. 27. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Some reasons for poor listening ability. B. The participants’ perception of listening. C. A common understanding of good listening. D. Some practical skills in improving listening. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. Being extraverted might be an unpleasant personality. B. Some people are afraid to assess their group members. C. Fictional people decrease the reliability of the research. D. Actual social relationship determines the scores of rating. 29. What does the underlined word “malleable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Smart. B. Flexible. C. Consistent. D. Stable. 30. What message does the author probably convey to extroverted people? A. It is wise to listen more when communicating. B. Focusing on people’s eyes makes a good speaker. C. Rating oneself honestly helps one in social situations. D. It is necessary to change one’s self-presentation style. 【答案】27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现越外向的人越不善于倾听。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段的主要内容，结合“There is no academic agreement on what constitutes “good” listening. But, in line with some other researchers, the team conceptualises it as involving emotion-related processes, cognitive processes and also behavioural processes. (对于什么是“好的”倾听，学术界还没有达成一致。但是，与其他一些研究人员一致，该团队将其概念化，包括与情绪相关的过程、认知过程和行为过程)”可知，本段主要介绍善于倾听的共同理解。故选C。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The team found that those with higher self-reported extraversion got poorer marks for listening. (研究小组发现，那些自我报告外向性较高的人在倾听方面得分较低)”和第四段“However, in this study, people’s perceptions could have been influenced by the actual social relationships they had with other members of their group. So in almost all of the subsequent studies, fresh groups of participants rated the listening skills of fictional people who were described as falling at various points on the intraversion-extraversion spectrum(范围). Results from these studies supported the previous finding. Time and again, extraverted people were rated as being poorer listeners in social situations (然而，在这项研究中，人们的看法可能会受到他们与团队其他成员的实际社会关系的影响。因此，在随后的几乎所有研究中，新加入的一组参与者都对虚构人物的听力能力进行了评分，这些虚构人物被描述为内向型和外向型的不同类型。这些研究的结果支持了之前的发现。一次又一次地，外向的人被认为是社交场合中糟糕的倾听者)”可推断，外向可能是一种不讨人喜欢的性格。故选A。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后半句“extraverts are more interested in ‘looking the part’ than attending to what others have to say," the team writes. (外向者更感兴趣的是‘看起来像个参与者’，而不是关注别人说什么)”可知，外向者具有易改变的自我表现。所以malleable为“易改变的，灵活的”之意，故选B。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍越外向的人越不善于倾听，并结合倒数第二段的““For example, listening has been identified as the key to successful sales,” the team notes—so perhaps it would be wise for highly extraverted sales people to try to modify their behaviour with clients.(“例如，倾听已被确定为成功销售的关键，”该团队指出，因此，高度外向的销售人员尝试改变他们与客户的行为可能是明智的)”推断，作者可能向外向的人传达了交流时多听是明智的信息。故选A。 D In our information-driven society, shaping our worldview through the media is similar to forming an opinion about someone solely based on a picture of their foot. While the media might not deliberately deceive us, it often fails to provide a comprehensive view of reality. Consequently, the question arises: Where, then, shall we get our information from if not from the media? Who can we trust? How about experts—people who devote their working lives to understanding their chosen slice of the world? However, even experts can fall prey to the allure of oversimplification, leading to the “single perspective instinct” that hampers(阻碍)our ability to grasp the intricacies of the world. Simple ideas can be appealing because they offer a sense of understanding and certainty. And it is easy to take off down a slippery slope, from one attention-grabbing simple idea to a feeling that this idea beautifully explains, or is the beautiful solution for, lots of other things. The world becomes simple that way. Yet, when we embrace a singular cause or solution for all problems, we risk oversimplifying complex issues. For instance, championing the concept of equality may lead us to view all problems through the lens of inequality and see resource distribution as the sole panacea. However, such rigidity prevents us from seeing the multidimensional nature of challenges and hinders true comprehension of reality. This “single perspective instinct” ultimately clouds our judgment and restricts our capacity to tackle complex issues effectively. It saves a lot of time to think like this. You can have opinions and answers without having to learn about a problem from scratch and you can get on with using your brain for other tasks. But it’s not so useful if you like to understand the world. Being always in favor of or always against any particular idea makes you blind to information that doesn’t fit your perspective. This is usually a bad approach if you would like to understand reality. Instead, constantly test your favorite ideas for weaknesses. Be humble about the extent of your expertise. Be curious about new information that doesn’t fit, and information from other fields. And rather than talking only to people who agree with you, or collecting examples that fit your ideas, consult people who contradict you, disagree with you, and put forward different ideas as a great resource for understanding the world. I have been wrong about the world so many times. Sometimes, coming up against reality is what helps me see my mistakes, but often it is talking to, and trying to understand, someone with different ideas. If this means you don’t have time to form so many opinions, so what? Wouldn’t you rather have few opinions that are right than many that are wrong? 31. What does the underlined word “allure” in Para.2 probably mean? A. Temptation. B. Tradition. C. Convenience. D. Consequence. 32. Why are simple ideas appealing according to the passage? A. They meet people’s demand for high efficiency. B. They generate a sense of complete understanding. C. They are raised and supported by multiple experts. D. They reflect the opinions of like-minded individuals. 33. What will the author probably agree with? A. Simplifying matters releases energy for human brains. B. Constant tests on our ideas help make up for our weakness. C. A well-founded opinion counts more than many shallow ones. D. People who disagree with us often have comprehensive views. 34. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. Embracing Disagreement: Refusing Overcomplexity B. Simplifying Information: Enhancing Comprehension C. Understanding Differences: Establishing Relationships D. Navigating Complexity: Challenging Oversimplification 【答案】31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。短文主要讲述了在信息驱动的社会中，塑造我们的世界观经常无法提供全面的现实视角。简单的想法可能很吸引人，但是我们会冒着过度简化复杂问题的风险，最终会影响我们的判断力，限制我们有效解决复杂问题的能力。我们应该与持有不同观点的人交谈并试图理解他们的观点，形成正确的观点。 【31题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段“However, even experts can fall prey to the allure of oversimplification, leading to the “single perspective instinct” that hampers(阻碍)our ability to grasp the intricacies of the world. (然而，即使是专家也会受到过度简化的allure，导致“单一视角本能”， 阻碍我们掌握世界的复杂性。)”可知，导致了单一视觉，不能掌握世界的复杂性，因此推断受到了过度简化的诱惑，allure在这里指的是“诱惑”。故选A。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Simple ideas can be appealing because they offer a sense of understanding and certainty. (简单的想法可能很有吸引力，因为它们提供了一种理解和确定性。)”可知，简单的想法具有吸引力是因为它们产生一种完全理解的感觉。故选B。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Instead, constantly test your favorite ideas for weaknesses. Be humble about the extent of your expertise. Be curious about new information that doesn’t fit, and information from other fields. And rather than talking only to people who agree with you, or collecting examples that fit your ideas, consult people who contradict you, disagree with you, and put forward different ideas as a great resource for understanding the world.(相反，要不断测试你最喜欢的想法的弱点。对自己的专业知识要谦虚。对不合适的新信息和来自其他领域的信息保持好奇。而不是只与那些同意你的人交谈，或者收集符合你想法的例子，咨询那些反驳你、不同意你的人，并提出不同想法的人，作为理解世界的重要资源。)”可推断，作者认为要不断测试自己的想法，要谦虚，要保持好奇，不要只是与同意自己观点的人交谈，要与那些与持有与自己不同观点的人交流，接受不同的观点，作为理解世界的重要资源。因此推断作者认为有充分根据的观点比许多肤浅的观点更重要。故选C。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“In our information-driven society, shaping our worldview through the media is similar to forming an opinion about someone solely based on a picture of their foot. While the media might not deliberately deceive us, it often fails to provide a comprehensive view of reality.( 在信息驱动的社会中，通过媒体塑造我们的世界观就像仅仅根据一个人的脚的照片来形成对他们的看法一样，但它经常无法提供全面的现实视角。)”，第二段的“However, even experts can fall prey to the allure of oversimplification, leading to the “single perspective instinct” that hampers(阻碍)our ability to grasp the intricacies of the world.(然而，即使是专家也会受到过度简化的诱惑，导致“单一视角本能”，阻碍我们掌握世界的复杂性。)”以及倒数第三的“And rather than talking only to people who agree with you, or collecting examples that fit your ideas, consult people who contradict you, disagree with you, and put forward different ideas as a great resource for understanding the world. (与其只与那些同意你的人交谈，或者收集符合你想法的例子，不如咨询那些反驳你、不同意你的人，并提出不同想法的人，作为理解世界的重要资源。)”以及全文内容可知，本文作者主要提出“单一视角本能”最终会影响我们的判断力，限制我们有效解决复杂问题的能力，我们应该接受不同的观点，作为理解世界的重要资源。因此D项“驾驭复杂性:挑战过度简化”为最佳标题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The coming of a new year marks a fresh start and motivates many people to break bad habits. Some are easier to shake than others. However, the tendency to procrastinate is among the stickiest. Whether it’s finishing a piece of work, sending an email or going for a run, some tasks can become unconquerable. The easiest way to deal with these tasks is to put them off until later or never at all. It’s procrastination. It is a specific form of delay that is both unnecessary and voluntary.____35____. At its heart, procrastination is about avoidance. Rather than the task itself, it’s often the emotions attached to an activity that cause people to pause. ____36____. When you’re faced with a broad question or topic to write about, the lack of clear instructions can produce a fear of not getting it right or of what might happen if you get it wrong. The person procrastinating usually does so despite knowing that the task is important or valuable to them or others and that putting it off could be risky to them or others. Big projects may bring overpowered feelings which are likely to lead to procrastination. ____37____. Answering an ordinary email from work, for example, may bring instant discomfort, so the urge to escape such negative emotion defeats one’s duty to complete the daily task. Like any personality character, there are some biological connections. Research suggests that procrastination is linked to impatience on a genetic level. It may be a passed-down property. ____38____. Environmental factors are just as important in shaping our response to tasks. Someone who doesn’t usually procrastinate can do so if they find themselves in a situation that exhausts their responding abilities, such as the death of a family member. ____39____. Of course, procrastination can pile on more pressures by leaving a task hanging over a person’s head, thus producing a negative cycle that can damage mental health, lower academic performance and lead to financial trouble. A. But that doesn’t mean you’re stuck and that’s who you are. B. Procrastination becomes an easy and ‘dirty’ way of reaction when your handling resources are maxed out. C. Chances are that you will find yourself supported by procrastination all along. D. It isn’t caused by the person’s need to prioritize other tasks or by an unexpected emergency. E. You will become increasingly frustrated with yourself for not getting the task done. F. However, the threat can also come from something tiny. G. Handling the first lines of a college essay may bring up feelings of self-doubt, for example. 【答案】35. D 36. G 37. F 38. A 39. B 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍拖延的本质、产生原因及其带来的负面影响，指出拖延受基因与环境共同影响。 【35题详解】 空前“It is a specific form of delay that is both unnecessary and voluntary.(它是一种既不必要又自愿的特定拖延形式。)”对拖延下定义，说明拖延是自愿且不必要的推迟行为，本空应继续完善拖延的概念界定。D选项“It isn’t caused by the person’s need to prioritize other tasks or by an unexpected emergency.(它并不是由人们优先处理其他任务的需求或者意外紧急事件造成的)”进一步区分拖延和客观不得已的耽搁，对概念做补充说明，和上文语义紧密衔接。 【36题详解】 根据空前的“Rather than the task itself, it’s often the emotions attached to an activity that cause people to pause.(往往不是任务本身，而是和活动相关的情绪使人选择搁置。)”以及空后的“When you’re faced with a broad question or topic to write about, the lack of clear instructions can produce a fear of not getting it right or of what might happen if you get it wrong.(当你面对宽泛的写作话题时，缺少明确指引会让人害怕做不好，或是担心出错后会产生什么后果。)”可知，本段中心是情绪引发拖延，空后是举例，空格处也需要一个情绪导致拖延的具体实例。G选项“Handling the first lines of a college essay may bring up feelings of self‑doubt, for example.(例如，写大学论文的开头部分可能会让人产生自我怀疑的情绪)”用写作事例印证情绪带来拖延，承接上文观点，和后文例子形成呼应。 【37题详解】 根据空前的“Big projects may bring overpowered feelings which are likely to lead to procrastination.(大型项目会带来令人难以承受的情绪，容易引发拖延。)”以及空后的 “Answering an ordinary email from work, for example, may bring instant discomfort, so the urge to escape such negative emotion defeats one’s duty to complete the daily task.(例如回复一封普通工作邮件会立刻带来不适感，逃避负面情绪的冲动压倒完成日常工作的责任。)”可知，空前讲述大型项目带来拖延，空后讲述普通小事也会造成拖延，前后存在转折对比逻辑。F选项“However, the threat can also come from something tiny.(然而，这种心理威胁也可以来自微小的事物)”通过however完成语义转折，从重大任务过渡到微小事情，起到承上启下的作用。 【38题详解】 根据空前的“Research suggests that procrastination is linked to impatience on a genetic level. It may be a passed‑down property.(研究表明拖延在基因层面和急躁相关，它有可能是遗传特质。)”以及空后的“Environmental factors are just as important in shaping our response to tasks.(环境因素在塑造我们对待任务的反应方面同样重要。)”可知，空前说明拖延存在遗传可能性，空后转向环境因素，空格处需要转折过渡，说明遗传不代表无法改变。A选项“But that doesn’t mean you’re stuck and that’s who you are.(但这并不代表你只能受此束缚，本性就注定如此)”借助but形成转折，否定“遗传等于不可改变”，自然引出下文环境因素。 【39题详解】 根据空前的“Someone who doesn’t usually procrastinate can do so if they find themselves in a situation that exhausts their responding abilities, such as the death of a family member.(平时不拖延的人，如果处在耗尽自身应对能力的处境下也会拖延，比如亲人离世。)”可知，空前表述当人的应对能力被耗尽时也会出现拖延行为，本空应对该现象进一步阐释。B选项“Procrastination becomes an easy and ‘dirty’ way of reaction when your handling resources are maxed out.(当你的应对能力达到极限时，拖延就成了一种简单却消极的应对方式)”中handling resources are maxed out对应原文exhausts their responding abilities，对前文现象做概括解释，语义连贯。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 “Your order is on its way!” Is there any notification that brings more joy than this? But there could be more behind your motivations for hitting “buy now”. A survey found over a quarter of respondents reported “doom spending” — splashing cash on unnecessary purchases despite economic concerns to cope with stress. Doom spending can put you at risk of financial stress, cause tension in relationships, evoke feelings of shame, and drain your bank balance of funds that could be spent otherwise. But why is it so hard to resist the urge to spend? The reason we feel happy and satisfied when swiping our credit cards is the dopamine rush it offers. Interestingly, the dopamine doesn’t turn up in the acquisition of something. It occurs in the impulse or the motivation to go forth and hunt. In other words, it’s the try-on of the perfect shoes or the test drive of the new car rather than the actual buying. So when feeling the urge to buy, pause, note the item and wait at least 24 hours before acting, allowing time for dopamine’s effect to flow through the body. You may find that after the effect wears off, you don’t have the urge to buy. For some people, shopping serves as a coping mechanism — a way to find comfort and build self-esteem or self-confidence. They often turn to that product again and again, hoping it will make them feel a little bit better. However, this inability to properly self-soothe can result in a “treat yourself” mentality after a bad day. If you feel the need for a treat or some self-care, put your credit card away and reach for something more wholesome and long-lasting like meditation, spending time in nature, or connecting with friends. These alternatives not only provide longer-lasting benefits but also help fill your emotional well-being. But being mindful with money doesn’t have to mean avoiding spending on little things that bring you joy. Little splurges and “treat yourself” moments can be a great way to bring happiness if they are controlled. Having allocated funds for “splurge” purchases, and keeping a list on how much to spend from these can create a more mindful approach to spending, rather than one that’s impulsive and stress-motivated. 40. According to the passage, what is “doom spending”? ________________________________________________________ 41. What are the alternatives to comfort yourself instead of spending money? ________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why. Dopamine is released when people actually buy something, which makes them feel happy and satisfied. ________________________________________________________ 43. What benefit(s) can you get from being mindful with money? (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It is splashing cash on unnecessary purchases despite economic concerns to cope with stress. 41. Meditation, spending time in nature, or connecting with friends. 42. Dopamine is released when people actually buy something, which makes them feel happy and satisfied. Dopamine is released in the impulse or the motivation to go forth and hunt. 43. Being mindful with money helps reduce financial stress, fosters healthier relationships, and preserves funds for meaningful long-term goals. By managing impulsive spending, one can maintain control and experience greater satisfaction from carefully chosen purchases and healthier emotional well-being. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“厄运消费”以及这种消费背后的原因以及如何避免不必要的消费。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“A survey found over a quarter of respondents reported “doom spending” — splashing cash on unnecessary purchases despite economic concerns to cope with stress.(一项调查发现，超过四分之一的受访者称自己是“厄运消费”——不顾经济问题，为了应对压力，把钱花在不必要的东西上)”可知，“厄运消费”指的是不顾经济压力，仍在不必要的购买上大笔花钱。故答案为It is splashing cash on unnecessary purchases despite economic concerns to cope with stress. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“If you feel the need for a treat or some self-care, put your credit card away and reach for something more wholesome and long-lasting like meditation, spending time in nature, or connecting with friends.(如果你觉得需要款待或自我照顾，把信用卡收起来，做一些更健康、更持久的事情，比如冥想、花时间在大自然中，或者和朋友联系)”可知，除了花钱，冥想，花时间在大自然中，或者与朋友联系可以得到安慰。故答案为Meditation, spending time in nature, or connecting with friends. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Interestingly, the dopamine doesn’t turn up in the acquisition of something. It occurs in the impulse or the motivation to go forth and hunt.(有趣的是，多巴胺不会出现在获得某些东西的过程中。它发生在外出狩猎的冲动或动机中)”可知，错误部分为“when people actually buy something”，因为多巴胺是在外出狩猎的冲动或动机中释放的。故答案为Dopamine is released when people actually buy something, which makes them feel happy and satisfied. Dopamine is released in the impulse or the motivation to go forth and hunt. 【43题详解】 考查开放题。根据“注意金钱能给你带来什么好处？”可回答：注意金钱有助于减轻财务压力，促进更健康的关系，并为有意义的长期目标保留资金；通过管理冲动消费，人们可以保持控制，并从精心选择的购买和更健康的情绪健康中获得更大的满足感。故答案为Being mindful with money helps reduce financial stress, fosters healthier relationships, and preserves funds for meaningful long-term goals. By managing impulsive spending, one can maintain control and experience greater satisfaction from carefully chosen purchases and healthier emotional well-being. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校计划开展“健康第一”主题活动，请你用英语给你的国际部好友Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括： 1．活动内容； 2．活动意义。 注意：（1）词数100左右； （2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】possible version 1: Dear Jim, I am writing to invite you to participate in a special activity themed “Health First”, which is scheduled to be held in our school next Friday afternoon. The upcoming event will feature a wide variety of activities. To begin with, there will be an informative lecture given by a well-known health expert. Afterwards, a series of friendly sports matches will take place on the playground. You can sign up for any event that interests you. Not only does this activity aim to raise our awareness of the importance of physical and mental health, but it also provides a great opportunity for us to relieve the heavy study pressure. I sincerely hope you can join us. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua possible version 2: Dear Jim, Hope this email finds you well! Knowing that you always attach great importance to a healthy lifestyle, I’m writing to invite you to join our school’s upcoming “Health First” theme activity next week. A rich variety of activities have been arranged for us. First, there will be a psychological counseling workshop where professionals will share effective methods for managing stress, especially for us Senior 3 students. In addition, an interactive session featuring yoga and meditation will be held in the school gym to help us relax both our bodies and minds. Finally, we can also enjoy a healthy food tasting event in the cafeteria. This activity is of great significance. It serves as a timely reminder that health is the foundation of everything. Through these well-designed sessions, we can learn how to balance our intensive academic tasks with personal well-being, ultimately cultivating a positive attitude towards life. I would be thrilled if you could come. Hope to see you there! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给国际部好友Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加学校计划开展的“健康第一”主题活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：participate in→engage in 著名的：well-known→renowned 多种多样的：a wide variety of→a diverse range of 缓解：relieve→alleviate 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：To begin with, there will be an informative lecture given by a well-known health expert. Afterwards, a series of friendly sports matches will take place on the playground. 拓展句：To begin with, there will be an informative lecture given by a well-known health expert, after which a series of friendly sports matches will take place on the playground. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to invite you to participate in a special activity themed “Health First”, which is scheduled to be held in our school next Friday afternoon. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。) 【高分句型2】Not only does this activity aim to raise our awareness of the importance of physical and mental health, but it also provides a great opportunity for us to relieve the heavy study pressure. (运用了not only放句首构成的部分倒装。) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $