【周周有招】八年级英语登顶班讲义第5讲饮食与中国文化Food and Culture（饺子制作顺序乱咋整-写作·综合运用）2026-2027学年人教版八年级上册英语

本讲义聚焦八年级英语“饮食与中国文化”主题，以饺子制作为核心，构建“动词链（prepare→cut up→mix等）+顺序词（First→Then等）”写作支架，融合饮食主题词汇（如mixture, separate）、语法填空“三定法”、阅读主旨题“排除法”，关联饺子、月饼等文化象征，形成“写-记-填-读”的知识脉络。 该资料以认知冲突（如辨析boil/steam与cook）激活思维品质，通过错误路径演示（如mix up与mix with区别）提升语言能力，融入中国饮食文化（饺子象征团圆）培育文化意识。课中方法卡辅助教师高效教学，课后主题一致练习帮助学生巩固，实现核心素养与学科能力的融合。

八年级英语英才班 精品讲义2026秋英语-人教版新教材八年级上册 第5讲 Food and Culture —— 饮食与中国文化 饺子制作顺序乱咋整-写作·综合运用（学生版） 写作工坊 ● 应用文写作与饮食主题词汇、语法、阅读综合 本讲导学 【认知冲突：先拆掉老路径】 先做一个判断：介绍饺子制作，范文为什么写 boil or steam the dumplings，而不笼统写 cook the dumplings？ 因为 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 转换点：介绍食物制作，动词要精确到动作——切 cut up、搅 mix、包 fold and seal、熟成 boil/steam。笼统动词等于什么都没说。 【学习目标】 语言能力：掌握动词链 prepare → cut up → add → mix → put → fold → seal → boil/steam；会按顺序词 First → Then/Next → After that → Finally 推进。 文化意识：理解饺子、奶皮糖葫芦、武昌鱼、月饼的文化象征，能用英语讲中国饮食故事。 学习能力：掌握语法填空“三定法”、选词填空“四步法”、主旨题“排除法”。 思维品质：辨别主旨题“以偏概全”“主题扩大”“无中生有”三类陷阱。 【重难点】 重点：① 制作动词的精确使用与顺序词推进；② 高频词性转换 mix→mixture、create→creativity、tradition→traditional、success→successfully。 难点：① 有提示词类“三定法”判断链；② 无提示词空搭配还原（show an interest in、cut up ... into、separate A from B、be high in）。 易错：mix A up with B（弄混）≠ mix A with B（混合）；separate A from B 用 from；hardly（几乎不）≠ hard；boring（物）≠ bored（人）；be born with；create → creative 去 e。 第一部分　写作工坊·应用文写作 一、写作任务 假定你是李华，美国笔友 Danny 对中国传统食物饺子很感兴趣，写信询问制作方法。请根据下表提示用英语回信。100 词左右。 Ingredients Methods meat；dumpling wrapper（饺子皮）；cabbage；pepper；salt prepare；cut up；add；mix；put；fold；boil or steam 参考词汇：filling 馅；spoonful 一匙的量；seal the edges tightly 把边缘封紧 我的回信（先试写，再用范文填空核对） 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 二、审题与支架 体裁：说明性书信（回信 + 流程说明）。人称：第二人称 you——是“教你做”，步骤才具可操作性。时态：一般现在时。要点：表格两栏全覆盖，只写 boil 漏 steam、或漏 seal the edges 均按要点不全扣分。 动词链模板：To make ..., you need to get ... ready. → First, cut up ... into small pieces. → Add ..., and then mix everything together to make the filling. → Put a spoonful of filling in the centre of a wrapper, fold it in half, and seal the edges tightly. → Finally, boil or steam ... until they are soft. 升级句式：Dumplings are not just a kind of food but also a symbol of Chinese culture.（not just ... but also ... 由食物升华到文化符号） 三、错误路径演示（避坑）★★★ ❌错误 ✅正确 错因 Cut up it. 短语动词宾语为代词时须置于动词与副词之间 tradition culture 修饰名词用形容词 Cook the dumplings in water. cook 笼统，水中加热变熟用 boil make it successful 修饰动词用副词 四、实战：范文填空（10 空） Dear Danny, How's it 1. 　　　　(go)? I'm glad you show an interest 2. 　　　　 Chinese dumplings. They are not just a kind of food but also 3. 　　　　 symbol of Chinese culture. To make them, you need 4. 　　　　(get) all the necessary 5. 　　　　(ingredient) like meat, dumpling wrappers, cabbage, pepper, and salt ready. First, cut up the meat and cabbage 6. 　　　　 small pieces. Add pepper and salt, and then mix everything together 7. 　　　　(make) the filling. Put a 8. 　　　　(spoon) of filling in the centre of a dumpling wrapper, fold it in half, and seal the edges 9. 　　　　(tight). Finally, boil or steam the dumplings until they are soft. I hope these instructions will be of great help to you and you can make delicious dumplings 10. 　　　　(success). Yours, Li Hua （范文约 120 词） 第二部分　核心词汇 一、语境识词 1. mixture（n. 混合物）We mix flour and eggs to create a smooth mixture for the pancakes. 我们把面粉和鸡蛋搅拌在一起，调出顺滑的面糊来制作煎饼。 2. host / hostess（男/女主人）The host prepared a big dinner, and the hostess decorated the table beautifully. 男主人准备了丰盛的晚餐，女主人把餐桌布置得十分精致。 3. pour（v. 倾倒）She will pour the hot water into the cup carefully, and the pouring of the water needs to be slow to avoid spilling. 她会小心翼翼地把热水倒入杯中，倒水的动作要缓慢，防止洒出来。 4. heat（v. 加热 / n. 热量）We should heat the soup on a low fire, and the heat from the stove will make it warm and nice. 我们应该用小火把汤加热，炉火的热量会让汤温热可口。 5. instructions / instructor You must read the instructions carefully before using the machine, and the instructor will also teach you how to operate it. 使用前务必仔细阅读使用说明，讲师也会教你操作方法。 6. secret If you keep the secret well, I will tell you another secret story that no one else knows. 如果你能严守这个秘密，我就给你讲另一个无人知晓的隐秘故事。 7. whenever Whenever you meet difficulties, you can turn to your teachers for help at any time. 无论何时遇到困难，你都可以随时向老师求助。 8. couple The couple plan to travel abroad, and several interesting things will happen during their trip. 这对夫妻计划出国旅行，旅途中会发生好几件趣事。 9. separate（v. 分开 / adj. 分开的）We should separate the good apples from the bad ones, and the separate boxes are used for different kinds of fruit. 我们应该把好苹果和坏苹果分开，不同的水果用不同的分装盒。 10. born / birth He was born in a small village, and his birth has brought great happiness to the whole family. 他出生在一个小村庄，他的降生给全家带来了莫大的喜悦。 二、词性转换全景表 原词 名词 形容词 副词 关键辨析 mix v. 以 -x 结尾走 -ture，非 -ment pour v. pouring rain 倾盆大雨 heat v. heated discussion 是“激烈的讨论” host v. 女性后缀 -ess instruct v. “使用说明”习惯用复数 create v. 去 e 加后缀 separate v. 动词读 /ˈsepəreɪt/ secret n. keep the secret bear v. be born with 天生具有 taste v. 系动词，无被动 succeed v. 三级跳 tradition n. 修饰 culture/food 用 traditional 三、易错路径演示 这些错，一半栽在“后缀按读音猜”，一半栽在“把系动词当普通动词”。记住一条就少错一半——词尾怎么长，看词源不靠背。 ❌ mixment → mixture：x 结尾走 -ture，不是 -ment。 ❌ hoster → hostess：女性后缀 -ess（host→hostess）。 ❌ tradition culture → traditional culture：修饰名词用形容词。 ❌ separate A with B → separate A from B：分开用 from，混合用 with。 ❌ borned → born：born 是过去分词，不是规则加 -ed。 ❌ tastes well → tastes good：系动词后接形容词，不接副词。 第三部分　语法填空微技能·有提示词类 方法卡：三定法 ★★★ 三定法 一定词性：空在 a/the/物主代词/介词后 → 名词（再看单复数）；空在系动词后、名词前 → 形容词；空修饰动词/形容词 → 副词。 二定形式：提示词为动词 → 判断谓语（时态/语态/主谓一致）还是非谓语（to do / doing / done）。 三定意义：代回原句通读，检查搭配是否成立、语义是否反转（如 hard → hardly）。 二、单句通关（1—20） 1. ★ Those dumplings really 　　　　(taste) good! 2. ★★ The spider 　　　　(move) to the big city of Shanghai and became a neighbor of humans. 3. ★ When Cook is 　　　　(enjoy) his fine breakfast, Mrs. Spider comes back and sees him. 4. ★ It is 　　　　(rain) outside now. If you go out, please take this umbrella with you. 5. ★★ If he 　　　　(spend) more time on his study, he will get better grades. 6. ★ How are you going to be a 　　　　(write)? 7. ★★ Thousands of years ago, Chinese 　　　　(travel) could reach Europe along the Silk Road. 8. ★★ The 　　　　(perform) offered by the students were wonderful. 9. ★ Will you attend the 　　　　(open) of our new restaurant? 10. ★ We had to take 　　　　(act) to protect the intellectual property. 11. ★★ People with 　　　　(creative) are seldom found nowadays. 12. ★ We can 　　　　(certain) finish the work before tomorrow. 13. ★★ It's 　　　　(hard) surprising that she was fired — she never did any work. 14. ★★ It's easy to tell the 　　　　(different) between the tourists and the natives. 15. ★ 　　　　(add) some salt to the noodles and cook them for another two minutes. 16. ★★ The show last night was 　　　　(bored), so many people left the theater before it ended. 17. ★ Schools should teach students more about our 　　　　(tradition) culture. 18. ★★ My parents try their best to keep me 　　　　(cheer) all the time. 19. ★★ The salad is a perfect 　　　　(mix) of fruits and vegetables. 20. ★★ Don't 　　　　(mix) me up with my twin sister because we look similar but are different. 第四部分　语篇填空 一、词与短语填空 ★★ 四步法：通读全文 → 定性（词性 + 搭配）→ 代入 → 复核（多余项、时态、单复数）。 Mom often says, “Cooking is an important skill, and it can be fun.” But I had no interest in cooking at all 1. 　　　　 I met with a cooking app(应用软件). There are different kinds of recipes(菜谱) on the app. They offer detailed instructions so that users can 2. 　　　　 them step by step. Most of them even include photos or videos, which are quite 3. 　　　　 for beginners. Last week, I 4. 　　　　 a popular recipe to cook fish. When I finished, it was exactly what I wanted and tasted delicious. Then I tried more recipes. Now I can cook a couple of 5. 　　　　. I find cooking is great fun and it seems that I have a gift for cooking. 选词池：dishes　useful　chose　until　follow　put up 二、综合填空 ★★★ 　　　　(recent), a snack called “milk skin tanghulu” is becoming popular in China. The new kind mixes traditional tanghulu 2. 　　　　 a valuable dairy food(乳制品) made from milk. To make it, people cook fresh milk slowly on low heat, stir many 3. 　　　　(time) and leave it for hours. Then the milk skin forms on the top. It's the 4. 　　　　(good) part of milk. The snack pairs this tasty milk skin with fruits like strawberries. People 5. 　　　　(create) this snack last year to bring a new taste experience to food lovers. Each bite of the milk skin makes people feel 6. 　　　　(amaze). Young people love it most 7. 　　　　 share photos online. Milk skin tanghulu is more than a tasty snack. It 8. 　　　　(exact) shows traditional culture shines in new ways with a little creativity. It usually sells at 30 yuan, 9. 　　　　(reach) up to 98 yuan in big cities. Besides, do you know 10. 　　　　 it is high in? Yes! Sugar and fat. So you can enjoy it, but don't eat too much at once. 第五部分　阅读理解·说明文主旨大意题 方法卡：主旨题排除法 ★★★ 正确选项：覆盖首尾段核心信息（非仅某一段）；含高频复现词；概括性强、外延适中。 三大陷阱：以偏概全（只概括某一段细节）· 主题扩大（外延大于文章内容）· 无中生有（文中未提及）。 三步：圈各段主题句（多在段首）→ 统计高频词 → 排除法验证。 Passage 1 ★★ Dumplings, or jiaozi, are one of the most traditional foods in China, with a history of more than 1,800 years. A doctor named Zhang Zhongjing is said to have invented them to help poor people keep warm in cold winter. Today, dumplings mean much more than food. In northern China, families make dumplings together on the eve of the Spring Festival. Their shape looks like ancient gold or silver ingots(元宝), so people believe eating them brings wealth and good luck. When family members fold the wrappers and seal the edges tightly together, they are also sharing love and warmth. Dumplings keep changing, too. Cooks create new fillings, colorful wrappers and even dessert dumplings. Young people share photos of their own dumplings online. In this way, an old tradition finds new life. 阅读以下段落，完成第 1—2 题。 1. What would be the best title for the passage? A. How to Make Dumplings Step by Step B. The Ingredients of Chinese Dumplings C. Dumplings: More Than Just Food D. Zhang Zhongjing and His Patients 2. Why do people in northern China eat dumplings at the Spring Festival? A. Because dumplings are cheap and easy to cook. B. Because they hope dumplings can bring wealth and good luck. C. Because Zhang Zhongjing asked them to do so. D. Because dumplings are the only food in winter. Passage 2 ★★ Walk around Wuhan in the early morning and you will smell hot dry noodles, or reganmian, in the air. For local people, a day without reganmian is hardly a real day. The noodles are simple: alkaline noodles, sesame paste(芝麻酱), soy sauce, green onions and a little pepper oil. What makes them special is the way they are prepared — first boiled, then cooled, and finally mixed with the thick sesame paste just before eating. Because they are dry, they hold the taste of the paste much better than soup noodles. Reganmian is also a symbol of the city: cheap, quick and full of energy, just like Wuhan itself. Cooks prepare hundreds of bowls every morning, and customers often eat standing on the street. In 2021, its making skill was listed as a city-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产). 阅读以下段落，完成第 3—4 题。 3. What is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Wuhan Breakfast B. How to Cook Chinese Noodles C. Hot Dry Noodles: The Taste of Wuhan D. Noodles Around the World 4. According to the passage, what makes hot dry noodles special? A. The high price and fine service. B. The special way of preparing them. C. The soup they are served with. D. The vegetables grown in Wuhan. 第六部分　课后巩固 三个练习主题均锁定“饮食与中国文化”，与本讲输入一致，且 练习一　词与短语填空 ★★ In Shanghai, a new ice cream shop has recently become famous for its new food: ice creams made from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). There are many different tastes for you to 1. 　　　　 from. Workers there said they 2. 　　　　 ice cream as the main part and added a small quantity of herbal ingredients(草本成分) to improve the taste. Some people are not sure if these ice creams can mix(混合) with TCM because they don't know if they are good for health. 3. 　　　　, others show their interest. Today young people place more 4. 　　　　 on health and cultural confidence. As a result, the mixture of TCM with modern foods is becoming more and more 5. 　　　　 in China. From herbal teas to these ice creams, TCM is making its mark in our diet. 选词池：share　popular　importance　However　As long as　choose　used（有两项多余） 练习二　综合填空 ★★★ Among all the dishes in China, Wuchang steamed fish is a special one. People say it tastes 1. 　　　　(good) than many other freshwater fishes. And 2. 　　　　(it) meat has a special taste. In Wuhan, local cooks cook Wuchang steamed fish in many 3. 　　　　(way). 4. 　　　　 experienced cook will make it perfectly. The most famous way is to steam it 5. 　　　　 soy sauce(酱油) and green onions. Steam it over boiling water for 8—10 minutes 6. 　　　　 it becomes tender(软嫩). You will get a light, delicious and healthy dish. It 7. 　　　　(smell) wonderful and makes people's mouths water. The history of Wuchang steamed fish goes back a long time. Many writers have mentioned it in their works. Even Chairman Mao once 8. 　　　　(write) a poem about this delicious fish. That poem made Wuchang steamed fish even more famous all over China. Many people want to try Wuchang steamed fish because of its great taste and rich history. So when you talk about Chinese food, don't forget 9. 　　　　(tell) your friends about this amazing fish. It will 10. 　　　　(sure) leave a deep impression(印象) on anyone who tries it. 文化点拨：武昌鱼产自湖北鄂州（古称武昌），因“才饮长沙水，又食武昌鱼”闻名。讲评时可让学生用本讲动词链（steam ... with ... until ...）复述其做法，以读促写。 练习三　阅读理解 ★★ Mooncakes are the most traditional food of the Mid-Autumn Festival. Round in shape and sweet in taste, they carry Chinese people's wish for family reunion(团圆). The cake has a thin skin and a rich filling. Common fillings include lotus seed paste(莲蓉), red bean paste and salted egg yolks. In recent years, new kinds such as ice cream and chocolate mooncakes have appeared, and they are especially popular among young people. But no matter how the taste changes, the meaning behind the mooncake stays the same. On the night of the festival, families sit together, cut a mooncake into small pieces and share it while watching the full moon. The round mooncake stands for the full moon and a complete family. 阅读以下段落，完成第 1—2 题。 1. What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Make Mooncakes B. The Fillings of Mooncakes C. Mooncakes: A Taste of Reunion D. Festivals Around the World 2. What does the round shape of the mooncake stand for? A. The full moon and a complete family. B. The sweet life of young people. C. The long history of China. D. The change of modern tastes. 收束·方法网 写记填读 带走·一条动词链打穿三篇：介绍任何一道菜，都能用 To make ..., First ... → Then ... → After that ... → Finally ... 这条链说清楚。现在轮到你——用同一条链改写武昌鱼（steam ... with ... until ...）和月饼（cut ... into ... and share）的做法，一篇模板打穿三篇语篇，从“懂了”到“会了”再到“考场能用出来”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级英语英才班 精品讲义2026秋英语-人教版新教材八年级上册 第5讲 Food and Culture —— 饮食与中国文化 饺子制作顺序乱咋整-写作·综合运用（教师版） 写作工坊 ● 应用文写作与饮食主题词汇、语法、阅读综合 本讲导学 【认知冲突：先拆掉老路径】 先做一个判断：介绍饺子制作，范文为什么写 boil or steam the dumplings，而不笼统写 cook the dumplings？ 因为 转换点：介绍食物制作，动词要精确到动作——切 cut up、搅 mix、包 fold and seal、熟成 boil/steam。笼统动词等于什么都没说。 【学习目标】 语言能力：掌握动词链 prepare → cut up → add → mix → put → fold → seal → boil/steam；会按顺序词 First → Then/Next → After that → Finally 推进。 文化意识：理解饺子、奶皮糖葫芦、武昌鱼、月饼的文化象征，能用英语讲中国饮食故事。 学习能力：掌握语法填空“三定法”、选词填空“四步法”、主旨题“排除法”。 思维品质：辨别主旨题“以偏概全”“主题扩大”“无中生有”三类陷阱。 【重难点】 重点：① 制作动词的精确使用与顺序词推进；② 高频词性转换 mix→mixture、create→creativity、tradition→traditional、success→successfully。 难点：① 有提示词类“三定法”判断链；② 无提示词空搭配还原（show an interest in、cut up ... into、separate A from B、be high in）。 易错：mix A up with B（弄混）≠ mix A with B（混合）；separate A from B 用 from；hardly（几乎不）≠ hard；boring（物）≠ bored（人）；be born with；create → creative 去 e。 第一部分　写作工坊·应用文写作 一、写作任务 假定你是李华，美国笔友 Danny 对中国传统食物饺子很感兴趣，写信询问制作方法。请根据下表提示用英语回信。100 词左右。 Ingredients Methods meat；dumpling wrapper（饺子皮）；cabbage；pepper；salt prepare；cut up；add；mix；put；fold；boil or steam 参考词汇：filling 馅；spoonful 一匙的量；seal the edges tightly 把边缘封紧 二、审题与支架 体裁：说明性书信（回信 + 流程说明）。人称：第二人称 you——是“教你做”，步骤才具可操作性。时态：一般现在时。要点：表格两栏全覆盖，只写 boil 漏 steam、或漏 seal the edges 均按要点不全扣分。 动词链模板：To make ..., you need to get ... ready. → First, cut up ... into small pieces. → Add ..., and then mix everything together to make the filling. → Put a spoonful of filling in the centre of a wrapper, fold it in half, and seal the edges tightly. → Finally, boil or steam ... until they are soft. 升级句式：Dumplings are not just a kind of food but also a symbol of Chinese culture.（not just ... but also ... 由食物升华到文化符号） 三、错误路径演示（避坑）★★★ ❌错误 ✅正确 错因 Cut up it. Cut it up. 短语动词宾语为代词时须置于动词与副词之间 tradition culture traditional culture 修饰名词用形容词 Cook the dumplings in water. Boil the dumplings. cook 笼统，水中加热变熟用 boil make it successful make it successfully 修饰动词用副词 四、实战：范文填空（10 空） Dear Danny, How's it 1. 　　　　(go)? I'm glad you show an interest 2. 　　　　 Chinese dumplings. They are not just a kind of food but also 3. 　　　　 symbol of Chinese culture. To make them, you need 4. 　　　　(get) all the necessary 5. 　　　　(ingredient) like meat, dumpling wrappers, cabbage, pepper, and salt ready. First, cut up the meat and cabbage 6. 　　　　 small pieces. Add pepper and salt, and then mix everything together 7. 　　　　(make) the filling. Put a 8. 　　　　(spoon) of filling in the centre of a dumpling wrapper, fold it in half, and seal the edges 9. 　　　　(tight). Finally, boil or steam the dumplings until they are soft. I hope these instructions will be of great help to you and you can make delicious dumplings 10. 　　　　(success). Yours, Li Hua （范文约 120 词） 答案速查 1. going　2. in　3. a　4. to get　5. ingredients　6. into　7. to make　8. spoonful　9. tightly　10. successfully 全解全析 1. going【固定交际用语】How's it going? 为书信问候语，is 后接 going 构成进行时。易错 goes。 2. in【介词搭配】show an interest in 固定搭配；同源 be interested in。易错 to/about。 3. a【冠词】a symbol of 中 symbol 可数且首次提及、非特指。易错 the。 4. to get【非谓语】need 为实义动词，后接 to do；get sth. ready。易错 get。 5. ingredients【名词复数】all the necessary 后接名词，后文列举多种食材。易填原形。 6. into【介词搭配】cut up ... into small pieces，into 表切成某种状态。易错 to。 7. to make【不定式表目的】“搅拌在一起以制成馅料”。易错 making。 8. spoonful【词性转换】a spoonful of（一勺的量）；典型错写 spoonfull 多一个 l。 9. tightly【adj→adv】修饰动词 seal；书面标准答案为 tightly。 10. successfully【n→adj→adv】修饰动词 make，三级跳 success→successful→successfully。 第二部分　核心词汇 一、语境识词 1. mixture（n. 混合物）We mix flour and eggs to create a smooth mixture for the pancakes. 我们把面粉和鸡蛋搅拌在一起，调出顺滑的面糊来制作煎饼。 2. host / hostess（男/女主人）The host prepared a big dinner, and the hostess decorated the table beautifully. 男主人准备了丰盛的晚餐，女主人把餐桌布置得十分精致。 3. pour（v. 倾倒）She will pour the hot water into the cup carefully, and the pouring of the water needs to be slow to avoid spilling. 她会小心翼翼地把热水倒入杯中，倒水的动作要缓慢，防止洒出来。 4. heat（v. 加热 / n. 热量）We should heat the soup on a low fire, and the heat from the stove will make it warm and nice. 我们应该用小火把汤加热，炉火的热量会让汤温热可口。 5. instructions / instructor You must read the instructions carefully before using the machine, and the instructor will also teach you how to operate it. 使用前务必仔细阅读使用说明，讲师也会教你操作方法。 6. secret If you keep the secret well, I will tell you another secret story that no one else knows. 如果你能严守这个秘密，我就给你讲另一个无人知晓的隐秘故事。 7. whenever Whenever you meet difficulties, you can turn to your teachers for help at any time. 无论何时遇到困难，你都可以随时向老师求助。 8. couple The couple plan to travel abroad, and several interesting things will happen during their trip. 这对夫妻计划出国旅行，旅途中会发生好几件趣事。 9. separate（v. 分开 / adj. 分开的）We should separate the good apples from the bad ones, and the separate boxes are used for different kinds of fruit. 我们应该把好苹果和坏苹果分开，不同的水果用不同的分装盒。 10. born / birth He was born in a small village, and his birth has brought great happiness to the whole family. 他出生在一个小村庄，他的降生给全家带来了莫大的喜悦。 二、词性转换全景表 原词 名词 形容词 副词 关键辨析 mix v. mixture — — 以 -x 结尾走 -ture，非 -ment pour v. pouring pouring 倾盆的 — pouring rain 倾盆大雨 heat v. heat 热量 heated — heated discussion 是“激烈的讨论” host v. host；hostess — — 女性后缀 -ess instruct v. instructions；instructor instructive — “使用说明”习惯用复数 create v. creation；creativity creative creatively 去 e 加后缀 separate v. separation separate /ˈseprət/ separately 动词读 /ˈsepəreɪt/ secret n. secret secret secretly keep the secret bear v. birth born — be born with 天生具有 taste v. taste tasty — 系动词，无被动 succeed v. success successful successfully 三级跳 tradition n. tradition traditional traditionally 修饰 culture/food 用 traditional 三、易错路径演示 这些错，一半栽在“后缀按读音猜”，一半栽在“把系动词当普通动词”。记住一条就少错一半——词尾怎么长，看词源不靠背。 ❌ mixment → mixture：x 结尾走 -ture，不是 -ment。 ❌ hoster → hostess：女性后缀 -ess（host→hostess）。 ❌ tradition culture → traditional culture：修饰名词用形容词。 ❌ separate A with B → separate A from B：分开用 from，混合用 with。 ❌ borned → born：born 是过去分词，不是规则加 -ed。 ❌ tastes well → tastes good：系动词后接形容词，不接副词。 第三部分　语法填空微技能·有提示词类 方法卡：三定法 ★★★ 三定法 一定词性：空在 a/the/物主代词/介词后 → 名词（再看单复数）；空在系动词后、名词前 → 形容词；空修饰动词/形容词 → 副词。 二定形式：提示词为动词 → 判断谓语（时态/语态/主谓一致）还是非谓语（to do / doing / done）。 三定意义：代回原句通读，检查搭配是否成立、语义是否反转（如 hard → hardly）。 二、单句通关（1—20） 1. ★ Those dumplings really 　　　　(taste) good! 2. ★★ The spider 　　　　(move) to the big city of Shanghai and became a neighbor of humans. 3. ★ When Cook is 　　　　(enjoy) his fine breakfast, Mrs. Spider comes back and sees him. 4. ★ It is 　　　　(rain) outside now. If you go out, please take this umbrella with you. 5. ★★ If he 　　　　(spend) more time on his study, he will get better grades. 6. ★ How are you going to be a 　　　　(write)? 7. ★★ Thousands of years ago, Chinese 　　　　(travel) could reach Europe along the Silk Road. 8. ★★ The 　　　　(perform) offered by the students were wonderful. 9. ★ Will you attend the 　　　　(open) of our new restaurant? 10. ★ We had to take 　　　　(act) to protect the intellectual property. 11. ★★ People with 　　　　(creative) are seldom found nowadays. 12. ★ We can 　　　　(certain) finish the work before tomorrow. 13. ★★ It's 　　　　(hard) surprising that she was fired — she never did any work. 14. ★★ It's easy to tell the 　　　　(different) between the tourists and the natives. 15. ★ 　　　　(add) some salt to the noodles and cook them for another two minutes. 16. ★★ The show last night was 　　　　(bored), so many people left the theater before it ended. 17. ★ Schools should teach students more about our 　　　　(tradition) culture. 18. ★★ My parents try their best to keep me 　　　　(cheer) all the time. 19. ★★ The salad is a perfect 　　　　(mix) of fruits and vegetables. 20. ★★ Don't 　　　　(mix) me up with my twin sister because we look similar but are different. 答案速查 1. taste　2. moved　3. enjoying　4. raining　5. spends　6. writer　7. travelers　8. performances　9. opening　10. action　11. creativity　12. certainly　13. hardly　14. differences　15. Add　16. boring　17. traditional　18. cheerful　19. mixture　20. mix 全解全析 1. taste【一般现在时／系动词】主语复数表客观特征，系动词无被动。易错 is tasted。 2. moved【时态一致】and 并列谓语，后者 became 为过去式。 3. enjoying【现在进行时】is + doing；表“正在享用早餐时”。 4. raining【现在进行时】now 强调“正在下”，填 raining；若填 rainy 语法也能通，但 now 表动态、后文“带伞”暗示雨正在下，故以 raining 为准。 5. spends【主将从现】If 从句用一般现在时表将来，he 为三单。易错 will spend。 6. writer【v→n 职业】be going to be a 后接职业名词单数。易错 writing。 7. travelers【v→n + 复数】指人且不止一人。易错 travels。 8. performances【v→n + 主谓一致】作主语，谓语 were 是复数强信号。 9. opening【v→n】attend the ... of 需名词，意为“开业典礼”。 10. action【固定搭配】take action to do sth.，零冠词。易错 an action。 11. creativity【adj→n】with 后接名词；“创造力”用 creativity，creation 指“作品”。 12. certainly【adj→adv】修饰动词 finish。易漏 -ly。 13. hardly【形近义反】hard 是“努力地”，hardly 是“几乎不”。本讲最典型陷阱。 14. differences【adj→n + 复数】the 后接名词，“差别”多处用复数。 15. Add【祈使句】菜谱式指令以动词原形开头，句首大写。易错 Adding。 16. boring【分词形容词】修饰 show（物）用 -ing；人用 -ed，物用 -ing。 17. traditional【n→adj】修饰名词 culture。易错填 tradition。 18. cheerful【keep 复合宾语】keep sb. + 形容词。易错 cheering。 19. mixture【v→n】a perfect 后接单数名词。易错拼写 mixment。 20. mix【祈使句 + 短语动词】Don't 后接原形；mix A up with B 意为“把 A 和 B 弄混”。 第四部分　语篇填空 一、词与短语填空 ★★ 四步法：通读全文 → 定性（词性 + 搭配）→ 代入 → 复核（多余项、时态、单复数）。 Mom often says, “Cooking is an important skill, and it can be fun.” But I had no interest in cooking at all 1. 　　　　 I met with a cooking app(应用软件). There are different kinds of recipes(菜谱) on the app. They offer detailed instructions so that users can 2. 　　　　 them step by step. Most of them even include photos or videos, which are quite 3. 　　　　 for beginners. Last week, I 4. 　　　　 a popular recipe to cook fish. When I finished, it was exactly what I wanted and tasted delicious. Then I tried more recipes. Now I can cook a couple of 5. 　　　　. I find cooking is great fun and it seems that I have a gift for cooking. 选词池：dishes　useful　chose　until　follow　put up 答案速查 1. until　2. follow　3. useful　4. chose　5. dishes（多余项：put up） 全解全析 1. until【固定结构】not ... until ...（直到……才），no interest at all 含否定。易错 when。 2. follow【搭配】follow ... step by step；can 后接原形。 3. useful【形容词】quite 后接原级，be useful for sb.。易错 usefully。 4. chose【时态】Last week 指向过去，choose–chose–chosen。易错 choosed。 5. dishes【名词复数】a couple of 后接复数，dish 作“菜肴”。多余项 put up（张贴/搭建）与烹饪语境无关。 二、综合填空 ★★★ 　　　　(recent), a snack called “milk skin tanghulu” is becoming popular in China. The new kind mixes traditional tanghulu 2. 　　　　 a valuable dairy food(乳制品) made from milk. To make it, people cook fresh milk slowly on low heat, stir many 3. 　　　　(time) and leave it for hours. Then the milk skin forms on the top. It's the 4. 　　　　(good) part of milk. The snack pairs this tasty milk skin with fruits like strawberries. People 5. 　　　　(create) this snack last year to bring a new taste experience to food lovers. Each bite of the milk skin makes people feel 6. 　　　　(amaze). Young people love it most 7. 　　　　 share photos online. Milk skin tanghulu is more than a tasty snack. It 8. 　　　　(exact) shows traditional culture shines in new ways with a little creativity. It usually sells at 30 yuan, 9. 　　　　(reach) up to 98 yuan in big cities. Besides, do you know 10. 　　　　 it is high in? Yes! Sugar and fat. So you can enjoy it, but don't eat too much at once. 答案速查 1. Recently　2. with　3. times　4. best　5. created　6. amazed　7. and　8. exactly　9. reaching　10. what 全解全析 1. Recently【adj→adv】修饰全句作状语，句首大写。 2. with【搭配】mix A with B（混合）；分开才用 from。 3. times【名词复数】many 后接复数，time 作“次数”可数。 4. best【最高级】the 是最高级信号，good→better→best。 5. created【一般过去时】last year 指向过去。 6. amazed【分词形容词】修饰人的感受用 -ed。 7. and【连词】love 与 share 并列顺承，无转折。 8. exactly【adj→adv】修饰 shows，exact 直接加 -ly。 9. reaching【非谓语·结果状语】已有谓语 sells，现在分词表自然结果。易错 reaches。 10. what【宾语从句】it is high in 缺宾语（富含什么），指物用 what。易错 that。 第五部分　阅读理解·说明文主旨大意题 方法卡：主旨题排除法 ★★★ 正确选项：覆盖首尾段核心信息（非仅某一段）；含高频复现词；概括性强、外延适中。 三大陷阱：以偏概全（只概括某一段细节）· 主题扩大（外延大于文章内容）· 无中生有（文中未提及）。 三步：圈各段主题句（多在段首）→ 统计高频词 → 排除法验证。 Passage 1 ★★ Dumplings, or jiaozi, are one of the most traditional foods in China, with a history of more than 1,800 years. A doctor named Zhang Zhongjing is said to have invented them to help poor people keep warm in cold winter. Today, dumplings mean much more than food. In northern China, families make dumplings together on the eve of the Spring Festival. Their shape looks like ancient gold or silver ingots(元宝), so people believe eating them brings wealth and good luck. When family members fold the wrappers and seal the edges tightly together, they are also sharing love and warmth. Dumplings keep changing, too. Cooks create new fillings, colorful wrappers and even dessert dumplings. Young people share photos of their own dumplings online. In this way, an old tradition finds new life. 阅读以下段落，完成第 1—2 题。 1. What would be the best title for the passage? A. How to Make Dumplings Step by Step B. The Ingredients of Chinese Dumplings C. Dumplings: More Than Just Food D. Zhang Zhongjing and His Patients 2. Why do people in northern China eat dumplings at the Spring Festival? A. Because dumplings are cheap and easy to cook. B. Because they hope dumplings can bring wealth and good luck. C. Because Zhang Zhongjing asked them to do so. D. Because dumplings are the only food in winter. 答案速查 1. C　2. B 全解全析 1. C【主旨大意】三段为历史 → 文化象征（段首主题句 mean much more than food）→ 现代创新，C 与“远不只是食物”对应。排除：A、B 无中生有（未讲步骤、未列食材）；D 只对应首段，以偏概全。 2. B【细节理解】第二段 so people believe eating them brings wealth and good luck 中 so 直接给出因果。排除：A 无据；C 张冠李戴（发明为助人御寒）；D 绝对化。 Passage 2 ★★ Walk around Wuhan in the early morning and you will smell hot dry noodles, or reganmian, in the air. For local people, a day without reganmian is hardly a real day. The noodles are simple: alkaline noodles, sesame paste(芝麻酱), soy sauce, green onions and a little pepper oil. What makes them special is the way they are prepared — first boiled, then cooled, and finally mixed with the thick sesame paste just before eating. Because they are dry, they hold the taste of the paste much better than soup noodles. Reganmian is also a symbol of the city: cheap, quick and full of energy, just like Wuhan itself. Cooks prepare hundreds of bowls every morning, and customers often eat standing on the street. In 2021, its making skill was listed as a city-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产). 阅读以下段落，完成第 3—4 题。 3. What is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Wuhan Breakfast B. How to Cook Chinese Noodles C. Hot Dry Noodles: The Taste of Wuhan D. Noodles Around the World 4. According to the passage, what makes hot dry noodles special? A. The high price and fine service. B. The special way of preparing them. C. The soup they are served with. D. The vegetables grown in Wuhan. 答案速查 3. C　4. B 全解全析 3. C【主旨大意】首段以“武汉清晨的味道”引入，三段段首 a symbol of the city，高频词 hot dry noodles + Wuhan。排除：A 扩大到整个早餐；B 扩大到全国面条；D 严重扩大到全球。 4. B【细节理解】第二段强调句 What makes them special is the way they are prepared。排除：A 与 cheap 矛盾；C 与 noodles are dry（无汤）矛盾；D 无中生有。 第六部分　课后巩固 三个练习主题均锁定“饮食与中国文化”，与本讲输入一致，且 练习一　词与短语填空 ★★ In Shanghai, a new ice cream shop has recently become famous for its new food: ice creams made from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). There are many different tastes for you to 1. 　　　　 from. Workers there said they 2. 　　　　 ice cream as the main part and added a small quantity of herbal ingredients(草本成分) to improve the taste. Some people are not sure if these ice creams can mix(混合) with TCM because they don't know if they are good for health. 3. 　　　　, others show their interest. Today young people place more 4. 　　　　 on health and cultural confidence. As a result, the mixture of TCM with modern foods is becoming more and more 5. 　　　　 in China. From herbal teas to these ice creams, TCM is making its mark in our diet. 选词池：share　popular　importance　However　As long as　choose　used（有两项多余） 答案速查 1. choose　2. used　3. However　4. importance　5. popular（多余项：share, As long as） 全解全析 1. choose【搭配】choose from（从……中挑选），for you to do 中 to 是不定式符号。 2. used【时态 + 搭配】use ... as ...（把……用作），主句 said 为过去式，从句时态呼应。 3. However【逻辑连词】前后转折，句首有逗号用 However；but 后通常不加逗号。 4. importance【固定搭配】place importance on ...（重视），需名词。 5. popular【形容词】more and more + 原级，become 作系动词后接形容词。 练习二　综合填空 ★★★ Among all the dishes in China, Wuchang steamed fish is a special one. People say it tastes 1. 　　　　(good) than many other freshwater fishes. And 2. 　　　　(it) meat has a special taste. In Wuhan, local cooks cook Wuchang steamed fish in many 3. 　　　　(way). 4. 　　　　 experienced cook will make it perfectly. The most famous way is to steam it 5. 　　　　 soy sauce(酱油) and green onions. Steam it over boiling water for 8—10 minutes 6. 　　　　 it becomes tender(软嫩). You will get a light, delicious and healthy dish. It 7. 　　　　(smell) wonderful and makes people's mouths water. The history of Wuchang steamed fish goes back a long time. Many writers have mentioned it in their works. Even Chairman Mao once 8. 　　　　(write) a poem about this delicious fish. That poem made Wuchang steamed fish even more famous all over China. Many people want to try Wuchang steamed fish because of its great taste and rich history. So when you talk about Chinese food, don't forget 9. 　　　　(tell) your friends about this amazing fish. It will 10. 　　　　(sure) leave a deep impression(印象) on anyone who tries it. 答案速查 1. better　2. its　3. ways　4. An　5. with　6. until/till　7. smells　8. wrote　9. to tell　10. surely 全解全析 1. better【比较级】than 是比较级信号。 2. its【代词】修饰 meat 需物主代词；易错 it's（＝ it is）。 3. ways【复数】many 后接复数。 4. An【冠词】experienced 首音为元音 /ɪ/，泛指。 5. with【介词】表使用材料；by 后接 doing。 6. until/till【连词】“直到变软嫩”，表持续到某时刻。 7. smells【主谓一致／系动词】It 为三单，系动词无被动。 8. wrote【过去时】once（曾经）指向过去，write–wrote–written。 9. to tell【非谓语】forget to do（未做）；forget doing 意为“忘记做过”，语义相反。 10. surely【adj→adv】修饰 leave。 文化点拨：武昌鱼产自湖北鄂州（古称武昌），因“才饮长沙水，又食武昌鱼”闻名。讲评时可让学生用本讲动词链（steam ... with ... until ...）复述其做法，以读促写。 练习三　阅读理解 ★★ Mooncakes are the most traditional food of the Mid-Autumn Festival. Round in shape and sweet in taste, they carry Chinese people's wish for family reunion(团圆). The cake has a thin skin and a rich filling. Common fillings include lotus seed paste(莲蓉), red bean paste and salted egg yolks. In recent years, new kinds such as ice cream and chocolate mooncakes have appeared, and they are especially popular among young people. But no matter how the taste changes, the meaning behind the mooncake stays the same. On the night of the festival, families sit together, cut a mooncake into small pieces and share it while watching the full moon. The round mooncake stands for the full moon and a complete family. 阅读以下段落，完成第 1—2 题。 1. What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Make Mooncakes B. The Fillings of Mooncakes C. Mooncakes: A Taste of Reunion D. Festivals Around the World 2. What does the round shape of the mooncake stand for? A. The full moon and a complete family. B. The sweet life of young people. C. The long history of China. D. The change of modern tastes. 答案速查 1. C　2. A 全解全析 1. C【主旨大意】首段点题“承载团圆的愿望”，末段再点题，高频词 mooncake + reunion/family/share。排除：A 无中生有；B 以偏概全（仅第二段）；D 主题严重扩大。 2. A【细节理解】末段 stand for 后的表语即答案；B、C、D 均文中未提及。 收束·方法网 写记填读 教师建议：本讲主线是“动词链”。讲评时让学生用同一条链改写武昌鱼、月饼的做法（fold/seal 换成 steam/cut），一篇模板打穿三篇语篇，从“懂了”到“会了”再到“考场能用出来”。 — — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $