【周周有招】八年级英语登顶班讲义第6讲（综合填空-语法转换三条链与阅读推断两步法）2026-2027学年人教版八年级上册英语

本讲义聚焦八年级英语“旅行经历”主题，系统整合综合填空与阅读推断专项，通过“定词性—定形式—查搭配”三步法攻克有提示词填空，构建名词、动词、代词、形容词转换链（含-ed/-ing形容词区分、比较级最高级变化），并以“锁定依据—只推一步”两步法突破阅读推断题，形成从语法转换到语篇理解的完整学习支架。 该资料以真实语篇（如“东湖之行”）为载体，通过认知冲突分析（如exciting/excited误用）和错误路径演示培养思维品质，课堂精练与课后同主题迁移（如科学博物馆旅行填空）提升语言能力和学习能力，既助力教师高效授课，又便于学生课后回顾强化，有效弥补知识盲点。

2026年秋季　人教版 八年级英语（上册）　讲义（学生版） 第六讲　旅行经历表达·综合填空（有提示词）·阅读理解推断题 综合语法与阅读讲练（学生版） 综合填空　●　语法转换三条链与阅读推断两步法 【课时安排】 本讲为八年级英语英才班综合讲练第 6 课时，聚焦"旅行经历"主题下的语篇综合填空与阅读推断专项，建议用时 1—2 课时。 【学习目标】 1. 能在综合填空中按"定词性—定形式—查搭配"三步完成有提示词填空，并正确完成名词、动词、代词、形容词间的转换； 2. 能区分 -ed 与 -ing 形容词的选用（-ed 修饰人、-ing 修饰事），掌握比较级与最高级的规则与不规则变化； 3. 能在阅读理解中运用"锁定依据—只推一步"两步法，完成主旨要义、预测续写、观点态度、人物特征等推断题。 【本讲导航】 模块 核心考点 能力落点 一、文章精读 过去时统一、情感形容词 -ing/-ed、such...that 由"读懂"转为"写得出" 二、核心语法 词性转换、代词转换、比较等级三条转换链 由"凭语感"转为"按链条判定" 三、阅读理解 推断题"只推一步"：主旨要义、预测续写、观点态度 由"选得像"转为"推得准" 四、课堂精练 选词填空、语篇综合填空 当堂检测、即时讲评 五、课后巩固 同主题原创新题（非本讲原题） 课后迁移、二次提分 第一部分　文章精读 一、语篇填空：一次东湖之行 I went to the East Lake with my family this National Day. It was lucky that the weather was fine all day — 1. ______ (sun) but not too hot. 2. ______ (walk) along the lake, we saw many colorful flowers and happy kids playing around. It 3. ______ (make) us feel relaxed at once. First, we visited Wuhan East Lake Ocean World. We found it interesting 4. ______ (watch) the clever seals perform tricks. Then we rode the ferris wheel. It was 5. ______ (excite) to see the whole lake from the top, 6. ______ green trees and blue water everywhere. After that, we had a picnic by the lake, sharing delicious snacks and 7. ______ (laugh). It is true that we felt a little tired after the long day. However, it was such 8. ______ wonderful trip that we all enjoyed 9. ______ (we) a lot. The beautiful views and happy time with family made this National Day 10. ______ (forget). I hope it will be a sweet memory for all of us. 二、认知冲突：第 5 空填 exciting 还是 excited 错误路径演示：学生以为"我们看湖、我们兴奋"，填 excited。 为什么错：主语是形式主语 it，指代后面的 to see the whole lake——令人兴奋的是"俯瞰整片湖"这件事本身，不是"我们"。 正确路径：用方法——-ed 修饰人，-ing 修饰事/物。请还原句子 To see the whole lake was ______，判断它的主语是“事”还是“人”？______。据此第 5 空应填______。再验证：We were excited at the exciting news 中，excited 修饰______，exciting 修饰______。 三、写作微技能（由读到写） 1. 时态锁定：叙事主体用一般过去时（rode / made / felt），结尾抒情可转一般现在时，全篇不可混用。 2. 三段式框架：Beginning（天气+出行）→ Body（活动，用 First / Then / After that 串联）→ Ending（疲惫+转折+感受+愿望）。 3. 升级句型：find it + adj. + to do；It was + adj. + to do；with + 名词 + 副词（伴随之景）；such + a + adj. + 单数名词 + that。 第二部分　核心语法　综合填空（有提示词） 总原则：答案一定与提示词同源。三步——① 定词性 → ② 定形式（比较等级/单复数/非谓语）→ ③ 查搭配。 一、层级一　词性转换（名词/动词 → 形容词） 考点透视：be 动词与系动词（seem / feel / get）之后、名词之前均需形容词；后缀 -ful、-able、-ous。 易错警示：something / anything 被形容词修饰时，形容词必须后置。 1. Staying up often is ______ (harm) to your health. 2. Life in the city is ______ (comfort) and very convenient. 3. If people are in danger, something ______ (danger) is happening to them. 二、层级二　代词转换（人称 → 物主/宾格） 考点透视：形容词性物主代词 + 名词；介词与动词后用宾格；most of 后接宾格。 易错警示：chase her dream 用形容词性物主代词 her，hers 后不可再接名词。 4. She left her home in Ningxia to chase ______ (she) musical dream. 5. Now most of ______ (we) don’t have courtesy names. 三、层级三　形容词与副词的比较等级 （一）比较级（规则变化与不规则变化） 考点透视：两者相比用比较级；much / even / far 修饰比较级；不规则须硬记 good—better—best、bad—worse—worst。 错误路径演示（第 7 题）：学生见 will 便填原级 good，或写成 I will better 漏掉 be。想一想：will be 后应接______（什么词性）作表语；“坚持练习后”与现在相比，应用原级还是比较级？______。请填：______。（注意：be 不能省略） 6. I’m getting much ______ (fat)! 7. I believe I will be ______ (good) if I persist in practicing. 8. It seems ______ (good) to stay at home when it’s terribly cold outside. 9. —How is Betty today? —She is even ______ (bad) today. （二）最高级（规则变化与范围标志） 考点透视：三者及以上用最高级；in / of / among / I know / of all 出现即用最高级；多音节加 the most；固定结构 one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词。 易错警示：funny 变 y 为 i 加 -est；最高级前须带 the。 10. Being the ______ (young) of three sons, I may say "no" a lot more than I should have. 11. My English teacher is the ______ (funny) person I know. 12. The Yangtze River is the ______ (long) river in China. 13. Wuhan is one of the ______ (large) cities in China. 14. Who is ______ (creative) of all the performers? 第三部分　阅读理解　推断题 一、旧路径：三个"失分动作" 1. 把原文原句当推断——原文能找到的原话是细节题答案，不是推断题答案。 2. 从原文跨两步——把"可能"推成"必然"，把"一次"推成"总是"。 3. 用自己的常识代替作者观点——碰到 AI、手机、网课等话题，"我觉得"一冒头就错。 二、错误路径演示（以第 2 篇第 66 题为例） 学生原以为：AI 写作业不好，故 Katherine 会说"尽量别用"，选 D。 为什么错：这是第 3 类失分动作——用自己的观点代替文中人物观点。回到原文，Katherine 原话是 Use it for suggestions, but do your own work.，她持有保留的肯定：可以要建议，不能照搬。 正确路径：人物态度必须回到该人物的______（原文哪里）。只推一步：Katherine 原话 Use it for suggestions, but do your own work. 意思是______。据此推断第 66 题应选______。 摩擦点：原来"少用一点"是程度问题，"别抄答案"是性质问题，两者不是一回事。 三、新路径：推断两步法 第一步 锁定依据：把选项逐一代回原文找对应句；找不到依据的直接排除。 第二步 只推一步：从依据出发只做一个必然引申；需两步、或含 always / never / must 等绝对词的，一律排除。 类型 标志词 解题落点 细节推断 infer, learn from 依据唯一，由已知推未知 主旨要义 mainly about, best title, answers 抓首尾段与反复出现的核心问题 观点态度 attitude, think of 找形容词与直接引语，区分作者与文中人物 预测续写 probably add, next 顺承末句逻辑，不跳情节 四、层级归类表 想一想：读完下面三篇真题，把它们分别归为哪种推断题型，把结果填入横线。第 1 篇（科技与闲暇）→ ______推断；第 2 篇（人工智能与写作）→ ______推断；第 3 篇（亲子与放手）→ ______推断。 五、真题演练 （一）More Tech, Less Work?　【难度】★★★ Do you always have enough time to relax? Are the adults around you all busy? In modern life, everyone is as busy as a bee. But why? Imagine you are a busy office worker with magical technologies that make your job easier. What would you do with the extra time? You would probably work the same hours as before, or even more. This is no joke. Dishwashers and electric irons entered more and more homes, and each could have saved hours of work — but none did. Full-time housewives spent more hours on housework after high-tech came in. The reason is simple: better technology leads to higher expectations, and higher expectations create more work. People once washed clothes only twice a year; now they wash far more often, and the time saved goes to other duties, especially childcare. Modern technology brings convenience, but it also makes us busier. 65. What question does the passage mainly answer? A. Why do we have less time to relax or play? B. What can we do to live our life to the fullest? C. Who can make the lives of housewives easier? D. How can we work less with more tech? （二）AI in Class　【难度】★★★ Many teachers fear students will use ChatGPT to write reports or cheat on homework. Danny in Kentucky is one of them. He asked his Grade 5 students to beat the tool. "My job is to prepare students for a world where knowledge of AI will be required," he said. "We haven’t worked out the exact use of it yet, but it’s coming." His practice was a game between students and the machine: "Find the Bot". All 23 students wrote a short report about the boxer Ali, then compared their work with the AI’s. Some found ChatGPT good at facts but weak in feelings; others felt their own sentences had more feeling. Olivia and Katherine, both 10, saw the good and bad parts of the tool. "It can help students who have trouble putting thoughts into writing. Use it for suggestions, but do your own work." 66. What would Katherine probably add at the end of the passage? A. You will get everything from ChatGPT if you use it often. B. You can’t just copy the answer from it. C. You should let ChatGPT write the whole report for you. D. You shouldn’t make use of ChatGPT most of the time. （三）Flying Kites　【难度】★★★★ I once wrote a poem called Flying Kites: a man teaches his son to fly a kite, the child drops the string and watches it climb until it disappears. Right then the father realizes he must also let go. Years later I became that father. My son Frank was not interested in college. He found a job at a nursery and enjoyed staying with children every day. I, however, was deeply disappointed. What was a college professor’s son doing a job that any high school dropout could do? "In a few years you will meet your classmates — lawyers, doctors, engineers. Can you deal with that?" "Yes, Dad!" he replied. Then he fixed his eyes on mine: "But that is my choice, isn’t it?" I said nothing. I wasn’t thinking about my question — I was thinking about what my friends would think. The problem wasn’t Frank’s pride; it was mine. I remembered my poem and let go. Today Frank is successful. Since I let go of my pride, I have been able to sit back and enjoy watching him fly high. 67. What can we infer about Frank from the passage? A. Frank might not mind what other people thought of him. B. The writer himself was a high school dropout. C. The writer understood his son very well. D. Frank always made his own decisions. 第四部分　课堂精练 一、词与短语填空 备选词：A. dishes　B. make sure　C. easy　D. leave　E. stick to　F. calm　G. carefully It’s hard to cook in space. You can’t cut vegetables or mix a salad. So meals are made before astronauts 1. ______ the Earth. Early space food was simple. Each meal was put in a small bag. It was 2. ______ to carry and eat, but it didn’t taste good. Now, food scientists work to 3. ______ that the food meets space needs. For Chinese astronauts there are over 120 4. ______ and drinks. Food scientists 5. ______ choose the food. So the food is healthy and can last for a long time in space. 二、语篇综合填空 When cultures meet, not just their language or clothing may be different. Often their food will be 1. ______ (great) different too. People on both sides can discover new chances for trade. This text 2. ______ (tell) how some common food plants spread around the world. As early as 5,000 BC, potatoes were traded in South America 3. ______ a valuable kind of food. They were taken to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it. Tea 4. ______ (drink) started in China. By the early 1600s, traders had begun to ship tea from China to Europe. Tea soon 5. ______ (become) fashionable there but because 6. ______ its high price, it remained a drink for the rich. Sugar cane was first used to make a kind of sweet juice over 8,000 years ago on the island of New Guinea. 7. ______ (it) use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the 8. ______ (wide) world. Cocoa was used to make a cold, spicy drink in Central America over 3,000 years ago. The 9. ______ (Europe) brought it back with them in the 1520s and added sugar to make the sweet, hot drink we know today. 10. ______ it’s expensive, many people still love it. 第五部分　课后巩固 一、巩固一　语篇综合填空（关联：旅行经历 + 综合填空） Last Sunday our class went on a trip to the Science Museum. It was a 1. ______ (sun) day and everyone was in high spirits. When we arrived, we were surprised by the size of the museum — it was much 2. ______ (big) than we had imagined. First, we watched a robot show. We found it amazing 3. ______ (see) the robots dance to music. Then we visited the space hall, where we saw many 4. ______ (excite) inventions. A guide showed 5. ______ (we) around and explained everything 6. ______ (careful). My classmate Linda is 7. ______ (good) at science than I am, so she answered most of the guide’s questions. At the end of the visit, we took photos by 8. ______ (we) in front of a huge rocket. It was such 9. ______ unusual experience that we all enjoyed the trip. It not only brought us 10. ______ (happy) but also taught us that science is everywhere. 二、巩固二　选词填空（关联：旅行计划与准备） 备选词：A. plan　B. pack　C. make sure　D. stick to　E. calm　F. look forward to　G. set off　H. carefully Before every trip, my family makes a list together. First, we 1. ______ what we really want to see, so that we won’t waste time. Then my mother and I 2. ______ the bags together the night before we leave. Before leaving, we always 3. ______ that all the windows and doors are closed. During the trip, we 4. ______ our plan even when the weather changes, because changing it halfway usually causes trouble. My little sister used to cry when something went wrong, but now she can stay 5. ______ and wait for help instead. 三、巩固三　阅读理解推断题（关联：旅行中的意外与成长） Last summer I went hiking with my best friend Tom in the mountains near our town. We set off early, talking and laughing all the way. The air was fresh and the view was wonderful. Around noon, dark clouds covered the sky and it began to rain heavily. Soon we found we had taken a wrong turn and lost our way. Worse still, my phone was out of power. Tom took out a small map and studied it. "Don’t worry," he said. "We passed a wooden bridge about twenty minutes ago. We should go back and take the other path." I was too tired and scared to move. Tom gave me his last piece of chocolate and said, "We still have two hours of daylight. We can make it." His calm voice made me feel better. An hour later we saw the bridge — and right behind it, the main road. That day I learned that a real friend is not the one who never feels afraid, but the one who keeps calm when you are afraid. 68. What would the writer probably do next? A. He would never go hiking with Tom again. B. He would buy a new phone before his next trip. C. He would learn to read maps and prepare better for trips. D. He would ask Tom to return the chocolate to him. 69. What can we infer about Tom from the passage? A. Tom was careless and often lost his way. B. Tom was calm and helpful in trouble. C. Tom knew the mountains better than the writer. D. Tom was afraid of the heavy rain. 本讲速记 填空三步：定词性、定形式、查搭配；-ed 修饰人、-ing 修饰事；比较等级看标志词（much / even → 比较级，in / of / of all → 最高级）；推断两步：锁定依据、只推一步。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年秋季　人教版 八年级英语（上册）　讲义（教师版） 第六讲　旅行经历表达·综合填空（有提示词）·阅读理解推断题 综合语法与阅读讲练（教师版） 综合填空　●　语法转换三条链与阅读推断两步法 【课时安排】 本讲为八年级英语英才班综合讲练第 6 课时，聚焦"旅行经历"主题下的语篇综合填空与阅读推断专项，建议用时 1—2 课时。 【学习目标】 1. 能在综合填空中按"定词性—定形式—查搭配"三步完成有提示词填空，并正确完成名词、动词、代词、形容词间的转换； 2. 能区分 -ed 与 -ing 形容词的选用（-ed 修饰人、-ing 修饰事），掌握比较级与最高级的规则与不规则变化； 3. 能在阅读理解中运用"锁定依据—只推一步"两步法，完成主旨要义、预测续写、观点态度、人物特征等推断题。 【本讲导航】 模块 核心考点 能力落点 一、文章精读 过去时统一、情感形容词 -ing/-ed、such...that 由"读懂"转为"写得出" 二、核心语法 词性转换、代词转换、比较等级三条转换链 由"凭语感"转为"按链条判定" 三、阅读理解 推断题"只推一步"：主旨要义、预测续写、观点态度 由"选得像"转为"推得准" 四、课堂精练 选词填空、语篇综合填空 当堂检测、即时讲评 五、课后巩固 同主题原创新题（非本讲原题） 课后迁移、二次提分 第一部分　文章精读 一、语篇填空：一次东湖之行 I went to the East Lake with my family this National Day. It was lucky that the weather was fine all day — 1. ______ (sun) but not too hot. 2. ______ (walk) along the lake, we saw many colorful flowers and happy kids playing around. It 3. ______ (make) us feel relaxed at once. First, we visited Wuhan East Lake Ocean World. We found it interesting 4. ______ (watch) the clever seals perform tricks. Then we rode the ferris wheel. It was 5. ______ (excite) to see the whole lake from the top, 6. ______ green trees and blue water everywhere. After that, we had a picnic by the lake, sharing delicious snacks and 7. ______ (laugh). It is true that we felt a little tired after the long day. However, it was such 8. ______ wonderful trip that we all enjoyed 9. ______ (we) a lot. The beautiful views and happy time with family made this National Day 10. ______ (forget). I hope it will be a sweet memory for all of us. 【答案】1. sunny　2. Walking　3. made　4. to watch　5. exciting　6. with　7. laughter　8. a　9. ourselves　10. unforgettable 【解析】1. sun→sunny 作表语；2. 现在分词作伴随状语（we 与 walk 是主动关系）；3. 叙事用过去时；4. find it + adj. + to do；5. 见下方认知冲突；6. 无提示词多填介词/冠词/连词，with 表伴随；7. 与 snacks 并列，laugh→laughter；8. such + a + adj. + 单数名词；9. enjoy oneself；10. 句意"难以忘怀"，forget→unforgettable。 二、认知冲突：第 5 空填 exciting 还是 excited 错误路径演示：学生以为"我们看湖、我们兴奋"，填 excited。 为什么错：主语是形式主语 it，指代后面的 to see the whole lake——令人兴奋的是"俯瞰整片湖"这件事本身，不是"我们"。 正确路径：-ed 修饰人，-ing 修饰事/物。还原成 To see the whole lake was _____，主语是"事"→ exciting。印证：We were excited at the exciting news。 三、写作微技能（由读到写） 1. 时态锁定：叙事主体用一般过去时（rode / made / felt），结尾抒情可转一般现在时，全篇不可混用。 2. 三段式框架：Beginning（天气+出行）→ Body（活动，用 First / Then / After that 串联）→ Ending（疲惫+转折+感受+愿望）。 3. 升级句型：find it + adj. + to do；It was + adj. + to do；with + 名词 + 副词（伴随之景）；such + a + adj. + 单数名词 + that。 第二部分　核心语法　综合填空（有提示词） 总原则：答案一定与提示词同源。三步——① 定词性 → ② 定形式（比较等级/单复数/非谓语）→ ③ 查搭配。 一、层级一　词性转换（名词/动词 → 形容词） 考点透视：be 动词与系动词（seem / feel / get）之后、名词之前均需形容词；后缀 -ful、-able、-ous。 易错警示：something / anything 被形容词修饰时，形容词必须后置。 1. Staying up often is ______ (harm) to your health. 2. Life in the city is ______ (comfort) and very convenient. 3. If people are in danger, something ______ (danger) is happening to them. 【答案】1. harmful　2. comfortable　3. dangerous 【解析】1. be harmful to 固定搭配；2. 与 convenient 并列作表语，comfort 加 -able 变 comfortable（comfort 以 t 结尾，直接加 -able，并无 e 可去）；3. 不定代词修饰语后置。 二、层级二　代词转换（人称 → 物主/宾格） 考点透视：形容词性物主代词 + 名词；介词与动词后用宾格；most of 后接宾格。 易错警示：chase her dream 用形容词性物主代词 her，hers 后不可再接名词。 4. She left her home in Ningxia to chase ______ (she) musical dream. 5. Now most of ______ (we) don’t have courtesy names. 【答案】4. her　5. us 【解析】4. 空后为名词 dream，she→her；5. most of 后接宾格，we→us。 三、层级三　形容词与副词的比较等级 （一）比较级（规则变化与不规则变化） 考点透视：两者相比用比较级；much / even / far 修饰比较级；不规则须硬记 good—better—best、bad—worse—worst。 错误路径演示（第 7 题）：学生见 will 便填原级 good，或写成 I will better 漏掉 be。正确思路：will be 后接形容词作表语，"坚持练习后"是与现在相比 → better，be 不可省。 6. I’m getting much ______ (fat)! 7. I believe I will be ______ (good) if I persist in practicing. 8. It seems ______ (good) to stay at home when it’s terribly cold outside. 9. —How is Betty today? —She is even ______ (bad) today. 【答案】6. fatter　7. better　8. better　9. worse 【解析】6. much 修饰比较级，双写 t 加 -er；7. will be 后接比较级；8. "外面极冷"与"待在家"隐含对比；9. even 修饰比较级。 （二）最高级（规则变化与范围标志） 考点透视：三者及以上用最高级；in / of / among / I know / of all 出现即用最高级；多音节加 the most；固定结构 one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词。 易错警示：funny 变 y 为 i 加 -est；最高级前须带 the。 10. Being the ______ (young) of three sons, I may say "no" a lot more than I should have. 11. My English teacher is the ______ (funny) person I know. 12. The Yangtze River is the ______ (long) river in China. 13. Wuhan is one of the ______ (large) cities in China. 14. Who is ______ (creative) of all the performers? 【答案】10. youngest　11. funniest　12. longest　13. largest　14. the most creative 【解析】10. of three sons 三者比较；11. I know 表范围，funny→funniest；12. in China 表范围；13. one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词；14. of all 表范围，多音节加 the most。 第三部分　阅读理解　推断题 一、旧路径：三个"失分动作" 1. 把原文原句当推断——原文能找到的原话是细节题答案，不是推断题答案。 2. 从原文跨两步——把"可能"推成"必然"，把"一次"推成"总是"。 3. 用自己的常识代替作者观点——碰到 AI、手机、网课等话题，"我觉得"一冒头就错。 二、错误路径演示（以第 2 篇第 66 题为例） 学生原以为：AI 写作业不好，故 Katherine 会说"尽量别用"，选 D。 为什么错：这是第 3 类失分动作——用自己的观点代替文中人物观点。回到原文，Katherine 原话是 Use it for suggestions, but do your own work.，她持有保留的肯定：可以要建议，不能照搬。 正确路径：人物态度必须回到该人物的直接引语，只推一步——"用建议 ≠ 抄答案"→ B。 摩擦点：原来"少用一点"是程度问题，"别抄答案"是性质问题，两者不是一回事。 三、新路径：推断两步法 第一步 锁定依据：把选项逐一代回原文找对应句；找不到依据的直接排除。 第二步 只推一步：从依据出发只做一个必然引申；需两步、或含 always / never / must 等绝对词的，一律排除。 类型 标志词 解题落点 细节推断 infer, learn from 依据唯一，由已知推未知 主旨要义 mainly about, best title, answers 抓首尾段与反复出现的核心问题 观点态度 attitude, think of 找形容词与直接引语，区分作者与文中人物 预测续写 probably add, next 顺承末句逻辑，不跳情节 四、层级归类表 归类：第 1 篇（科技与闲暇）→ 主旨要义推断；第 2 篇（人工智能与写作）→ 预测续写推断；第 3 篇（亲子与放手）→ 人物特征推断。 五、真题演练 （一）More Tech, Less Work?　【难度】★★★ Do you always have enough time to relax? Are the adults around you all busy? In modern life, everyone is as busy as a bee. But why? Imagine you are a busy office worker with magical technologies that make your job easier. What would you do with the extra time? You would probably work the same hours as before, or even more. This is no joke. Dishwashers and electric irons entered more and more homes, and each could have saved hours of work — but none did. Full-time housewives spent more hours on housework after high-tech came in. The reason is simple: better technology leads to higher expectations, and higher expectations create more work. People once washed clothes only twice a year; now they wash far more often, and the time saved goes to other duties, especially childcare. Modern technology brings convenience, but it also makes us busier. 65. What question does the passage mainly answer? A. Why do we have less time to relax or play? B. What can we do to live our life to the fullest? C. Who can make the lives of housewives easier? D. How can we work less with more tech? 【答案】A 【解析】主旨要义推断。首段设问"为何人人都忙"，全文以思想实验与家务、洗衣实例论证"技术越进步、期待越高、活越多"，回答的正是"为何闲暇更少"。B 项全文未给做法；C 项把例子当主旨；D 项与结论相反。 （二）AI in Class　【难度】★★★ Many teachers fear students will use ChatGPT to write reports or cheat on homework. Danny in Kentucky is one of them. He asked his Grade 5 students to beat the tool. "My job is to prepare students for a world where knowledge of AI will be required," he said. "We haven’t worked out the exact use of it yet, but it’s coming." His practice was a game between students and the machine: "Find the Bot". All 23 students wrote a short report about the boxer Ali, then compared their work with the AI’s. Some found ChatGPT good at facts but weak in feelings; others felt their own sentences had more feeling. Olivia and Katherine, both 10, saw the good and bad parts of the tool. "It can help students who have trouble putting thoughts into writing. Use it for suggestions, but do your own work." 66. What would Katherine probably add at the end of the passage? A. You will get everything from ChatGPT if you use it often. B. You can’t just copy the answer from it. C. You should let ChatGPT write the whole report for you. D. You shouldn’t make use of ChatGPT most of the time. 【答案】B 【解析】预测续写推断。依据锁定末段引语 Use it for suggestions, but do your own work.，只推一步即"可以要建议，不能抄答案"。A 项 get everything 绝对化；C 项与 do your own work 相反；D 项用自我观点代替人物观点，Katherine 承认 AI can help students，并非主张"多数时候别用"。 （三）Flying Kites　【难度】★★★★ I once wrote a poem called Flying Kites: a man teaches his son to fly a kite, the child drops the string and watches it climb until it disappears. Right then the father realizes he must also let go. Years later I became that father. My son Frank was not interested in college. He found a job at a nursery and enjoyed staying with children every day. I, however, was deeply disappointed. What was a college professor’s son doing a job that any high school dropout could do? "In a few years you will meet your classmates — lawyers, doctors, engineers. Can you deal with that?" "Yes, Dad!" he replied. Then he fixed his eyes on mine: "But that is my choice, isn’t it?" I said nothing. I wasn’t thinking about my question — I was thinking about what my friends would think. The problem wasn’t Frank’s pride; it was mine. I remembered my poem and let go. Today Frank is successful. Since I let go of my pride, I have been able to sit back and enjoy watching him fly high. 67. What can we infer about Frank from the passage? A. Frank might not mind what other people thought of him. B. The writer himself was a high school dropout. C. The writer understood his son very well. D. Frank always made his own decisions. 【答案】A 【解析】人物特征推断。父亲坦言在意 what my friends would think，而 Frank 爽快答 "Yes, Dad!" 并坚持自己的选择，最终事业成功，可推知他不在意他人眼光。B 项与事实相反（父亲是教授）；C 项与 deeply disappointed 矛盾；D 项 always 属绝对化过度推断。 第四部分　课堂精练 一、词与短语填空 备选词：A. dishes　B. make sure　C. easy　D. leave　E. stick to　F. calm　G. carefully It’s hard to cook in space. You can’t cut vegetables or mix a salad. So meals are made before astronauts 1. ______ the Earth. Early space food was simple. Each meal was put in a small bag. It was 2. ______ to carry and eat, but it didn’t taste good. Now, food scientists work to 3. ______ that the food meets space needs. For Chinese astronauts there are over 120 4. ______ and drinks. Food scientists 5. ______ choose the food. So the food is healthy and can last for a long time in space. 【答案】1. D　2. C　3. B　4. A　5. G 【解析】1. 从句缺谓语，"离开地球前"→leave；2. It was + adj. + to do，与后文转折→easy；3. work to do 后接原形，"确保"→make sure；4. 与 drinks 并列且受 120 修饰→dishes；5. 修饰动词用副词→carefully。多余项 stick to、calm 均无法搭配。 二、语篇综合填空 When cultures meet, not just their language or clothing may be different. Often their food will be 1. ______ (great) different too. People on both sides can discover new chances for trade. This text 2. ______ (tell) how some common food plants spread around the world. As early as 5,000 BC, potatoes were traded in South America 3. ______ a valuable kind of food. They were taken to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it. Tea 4. ______ (drink) started in China. By the early 1600s, traders had begun to ship tea from China to Europe. Tea soon 5. ______ (become) fashionable there but because 6. ______ its high price, it remained a drink for the rich. Sugar cane was first used to make a kind of sweet juice over 8,000 years ago on the island of New Guinea. 7. ______ (it) use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the 8. ______ (wide) world. Cocoa was used to make a cold, spicy drink in Central America over 3,000 years ago. The 9. ______ (Europe) brought it back with them in the 1520s and added sugar to make the sweet, hot drink we know today. 10. ______ it’s expensive, many people still love it. 【答案】1. greatly　2. tells　3. as　4. drinking　5. became　6. of　7. Its　8. wider　9. Europeans　10. Although 【解析】1. 修饰形容词用副词；2. 第三人称单数，客观说明用一般现在时；3. 无提示词，as 表"作为"；4. 动名词作主语；5. 叙述历史用过去时；6. because of 后接名词短语；7. 空后为名词，句首大写；8. 与东南亚对比→比较级；9. 指人且为复数→Europeans；10. 无提示词，让步关系→Although。 第五部分　课后巩固 一、巩固一　语篇综合填空（关联：旅行经历 + 综合填空） Last Sunday our class went on a trip to the Science Museum. It was a 1. ______ (sun) day and everyone was in high spirits. When we arrived, we were surprised by the size of the museum — it was much 2. ______ (big) than we had imagined. First, we watched a robot show. We found it amazing 3. ______ (see) the robots dance to music. Then we visited the space hall, where we saw many 4. ______ (excite) inventions. A guide showed 5. ______ (we) around and explained everything 6. ______ (careful). My classmate Linda is 7. ______ (good) at science than I am, so she answered most of the guide’s questions. At the end of the visit, we took photos by 8. ______ (we) in front of a huge rocket. It was such 9. ______ unusual experience that we all enjoyed the trip. It not only brought us 10. ______ (happy) but also taught us that science is everywhere. 【答案】1. sunny　2. bigger　3. to see　4. exciting　5. us　6. carefully　7. better　8. ourselves　9. an　10. happiness 【解析】1. sun→sunny 修饰 day；2. much 修饰比较级，双写 g 加 -er；3. find it + adj. + to do；4. 修饰 inventions 用 -ing（呼应第一部分认知冲突）；5. 动词后接宾格；6. 修饰动词用副词；7. than 提示比较级，good→better；8. by oneself；9. unusual 以元音音素开头→an；10. bring sb. sth. 需名词，happy→happiness。 二、巩固二　选词填空（关联：旅行计划与准备） 备选词：A. plan　B. pack　C. make sure　D. stick to　E. calm　F. look forward to　G. set off　H. carefully Before every trip, my family makes a list together. First, we 1. ______ what we really want to see, so that we won’t waste time. Then my mother and I 2. ______ the bags together the night before we leave. Before leaving, we always 3. ______ that all the windows and doors are closed. During the trip, we 4. ______ our plan even when the weather changes, because changing it halfway usually causes trouble. My little sister used to cry when something went wrong, but now she can stay 5. ______ and wait for help instead. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. C　4. D　5. E 【解析】1. 从句缺谓语，"计划看什么"→plan；2. 与 bags 搭配→pack；3. make sure that 后接从句；4. 后文"中途更改会添乱"→stick to；5. stay + adj.，与 used to cry 转折→calm。多余项 F、G、H 均无法与空处搭配。 三、巩固三　阅读理解推断题（关联：旅行中的意外与成长） Last summer I went hiking with my best friend Tom in the mountains near our town. We set off early, talking and laughing all the way. The air was fresh and the view was wonderful. Around noon, dark clouds covered the sky and it began to rain heavily. Soon we found we had taken a wrong turn and lost our way. Worse still, my phone was out of power. Tom took out a small map and studied it. "Don’t worry," he said. "We passed a wooden bridge about twenty minutes ago. We should go back and take the other path." I was too tired and scared to move. Tom gave me his last piece of chocolate and said, "We still have two hours of daylight. We can make it." His calm voice made me feel better. An hour later we saw the bridge — and right behind it, the main road. That day I learned that a real friend is not the one who never feels afraid, but the one who keeps calm when you are afraid. 68. What would the writer probably do next? A. He would never go hiking with Tom again. B. He would buy a new phone before his next trip. C. He would learn to read maps and prepare better for trips. D. He would ask Tom to return the chocolate to him. 69. What can we infer about Tom from the passage? A. Tom was careless and often lost his way. B. Tom was calm and helpful in trouble. C. Tom knew the mountains better than the writer. D. Tom was afraid of the heavy rain. 【答案】68. C　69. B 【解析】68. 预测续写推断。依据为"迷路+手机没电+靠地图脱险"，只推一步：吃过准备不足的亏，下次会做准备→C。A 项 never 绝对化且反向；B 项"买新手机"过细，属跨步；D 项与末段感悟不符。69. 人物特征推断。Tom 研究地图、安慰同伴、分享仅有的巧克力，末段评价 keeps calm→B。A 项与事实相反；C 项 better than 无依据；D 项与 Don’t worry 矛盾。 本讲速记 填空三步：定词性、定形式、查搭配；-ed 修饰人、-ing 修饰事；比较等级看标志词（much / even → 比较级，in / of / of all → 最高级）；推断两步：锁定依据、只推一步。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $