Unit 6 Getting along with others（易错题专项训练·语法提升）英语译林版三起五年级上册（新教材）

**基本信息** 聚焦小学英语Unit 6高频语法易错点，通过“精讲-提示-练笔-点拨”四阶训练，系统提炼句型结构、情态动词用法及方位介词辨析方法，强化语言运用能力与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |Why don’t/not句型|5题单选+转换|结构拆解（Why don’t you+原形/Why not+原形）、同义转换口诀|从基本句型到同义拓展（What about/Let’s），构建提建议句型网络| |情态动词should|3题单选+2题改写|“should+原形”规则、否定/疑问句式|从肯定句到否定/疑问句，形成情态动词用法逻辑链| |方位介词|6题单选+8题填空|between/among、next to/close to等对比辨析表|通过空间关系分类（两者/多者、内部/外部）建立介词使用框架| |综合训练|5类题型40题|融合三类知识点，强化跨知识点应用|从单一知识点到综合语境，提升语法知识迁移能力|

Unit 6 Getting along with others 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 高频易错点03 方位介词的用法 高频易错点01 Why don’t/not句型的用法 高频易错点02 情态动词should的用法 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 Why don’t/not句型的用法 高频易错点01 提建议的句型： ✅ Why don’t you + 动词原形 + 其他? 翻译：你为什么不……呢？ 结构拆解：`Why don’t + 主语 + 动词原形` don’t = do not，后面必须跟动词原形，主语不能省略。 1. Why don’t you go to the park? 你为什么不去公园呢？ 2. Why don’t you ask your teacher for help? 你为什么不向老师求助呢？ ✅ Why not + 动词原形 + 其他? 翻译：为什么不……呢？ 结构拆解： `Why not + 动词原形` not后面直接加动词原形，不加主语。 ✨小口诀：Why not不带人，后面动词用原形。 1. Why not go to the park? 为什么不去公园呢？ 2. Why not ask your teacher for help? 为什么不向老师求助呢？ 易错点提示 1. 两个句型可以互相转换 Why don’t you + 动词原形 = Why not + 动词原形 Why don’t you read books? = Why not read books? 你为什么不读书呢？ 2. 回答方式（简单了解） 肯定回答：Good idea! / Sounds great! 好主意！ 否定回答：Sorry, I can’t. 抱歉，我不行。 3. 同义提建议句型拓展（可以一起记） What about + doing? ……怎么样？=How about + doing? ……怎么样？ What about going shopping? = How about going shopping? 去购物怎么样？ Let’s + 动词原形. 让我们…… Let’s watch TV. 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. Why not ______ a rest? A. have B. to have C. having ( )2. Why don’t you ______ your homework now? A. finish B. finishes C. finishing ( )3. —Why not go swimming? —______ A. Thank you. B. Good idea! C. You’re welcome. ( )4. ______ you go to the library? A. Why not B. Why don’t C. Why ( )5. Why not ______ pictures with me? A. draw B. draws C. drawing 点拨 1. 答案：A 解析：句型 `Why not + 动词原形`，表示为什么不……呢？用来提建议。所以这里用动词原形 have。 2. 答案：A 解析：句型 `Why don't you + 动词原形`，don't 后面要跟动词原形，所以用 finish。 3. 答案：B 解析：Why not… 是提建议的句子。 A. Thank you.（谢谢你）；B. Good idea!（好主意！用来赞同建议）；C. You're welcome.（不客气）。 4. 答案：B 解析：`Why don't you + 动词原形`；`Why not` 后面不加主语you，直接加动词原形。本句后面有主语you，所以选Why don't。 5. 答案：A 解析：`Why not + 动词原形`，所以用 draw。 情态动词should的用法高频易错点02 ✅ should 基本含义 should 是情态动词，意思是应该，用来提建议、劝告；也可以表示责任。 ✅ 句型结构 1. 肯定句：主语 + should + 动词原形 + 其他. 例：You should brush your teeth. 你应该刷牙。 2. 否定句：主语 + should not (shouldn’t) + 动词原形 + 其他. 例：You shouldn’t run in the classroom. 你不应该在教室里跑。 3. 一般疑问句：Should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 回答：Yes, 主语 + should. / No, 主语 + shouldn’t. 例：Should I open the window? 我应该打开窗户吗？ Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn’t. 易错点提示 1. should后面必须 + 动词原形，不能加三单、ing、过去式 ❌ You should goes. ✅ You should go. 2. should是情态动词，变疑问直接把should提到句首，不能加do/does ❌ Do you should…? ✅ Should you…? 3. 否定直接在should后面加not，缩写shouldn’t，不要写成should’t 4. 问答人称转换：问句用you，回答换成I / we —Should you clean the desk? ✅ Yes, I should. 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. You ______ late for school. A. should not B. should not be C. shouldn’t ( )2. He should ______ his homework every day. A. do B. does C. doing ( )3. —Should I close the door? —______ A. Yes, you do. B. Yes, you should. C. Yes, you are. 按要求改写句子。 4. You should keep quiet.（改为否定句） You ______ ______ quiet. 5. He should go to bed early.（改为一般疑问句） ______ he ______ to bed early? 点拨 1. 答案：B 解析：`late` 是形容词，前面需要be动词；`should not + 动词原形`。 `be late for` 是固定搭配：迟到。 2. 答案：A 解析：情态动词`should`后面必须加动词原形。do是原形，does是三单，doing是动名词。 3. 答案：B 解析：`Should I…?` 引导的一般疑问句，回答要用`should`。 肯定回答：Yes, you should. 否定回答：No, you shouldn’t. 4. 答案：shouldn’t keep 解析：should变否定直接加not，缩写成shouldn’t，后面动词依旧用原形keep。 5. 答案：Should；go； 解析：含有should的句子变一般疑问句，直接把`Should`提到句首；后面动词用原形go。 方位介词的用法高频易错点03 单词 含义 说明 例句 between 在两者之间 between A and B between you and me 在你我之间 among 在三者或多者之间 ≥3 个物体中间 among the students 在学生们中间 near 在…… 附近 距离不远，不一定紧贴 near the river 在河边 next to 在…… 旁边，紧挨着 紧紧相邻 next to the park 紧挨着公园 close to 靠近；接近于 距离近，但不一定紧贴 close to the school 靠近学校 in 在…… 里面（内部） 物体在封闭空间内 in the box 在盒子里in the classroom 在教室里 on 在…… 上面（表面接触） 东西放在另一物体表面，互相贴着 on the desk 在桌子上on the floor 在地板上 under 在…… 下面 垂直下方 under the chair 在椅子下面 behind 在…… 后面 物体的背后 behind the door 在门后 in front of 在……外部的前面 A 在 B 的前面（A 不属于 B） There is a tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。 in the front of 在……内部的前部 A 在 B 空间里面的前部 in the front of the classroom 在教室（里面的）前排 beside 在…… 旁边 在侧面 beside the window 在窗户旁边 易错点提示 ✅ between VS among 1. between：用于两者之间，固定搭配 `between … and …` 例：The bank is between the shop and the hospital. 银行在商店和医院之间。 小提示：between 后面一般是两个对象。 2. among：用于三者或三者以上之间 例：She sits among her classmates. 她坐在同学们中间。 ✅ next to VS close to 1. next to：紧挨着，几乎没有空隙，距离最近 例：The shop is next to my home. 商店紧挨着我家。 2. close to：靠近、接近，距离不远，但不一定紧紧相邻 例：My home is close to the park. 我家离公园很近。 简单区分：next to = 紧挨着；close to = 离得近（中间可以有东西隔开） ✅ in front of VS in the front of 1. in front of + 物体：在物体外面的前面 例：A cat is in front of the car. 一只猫在汽车（外面）前面。 2. in the front of + 物体：在物体内部的前部 例：The driver sits in the front of the car. 司机坐在汽车（里面）前排。 ✅ on VS in on：表面接触 → on the wall（挂在墙上，如图片） in：在里面 → in the wall（镶嵌在墙里，如窗户） 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. The shop is ______ the hospital and the park. A. between B. among C. next to ( )2. Tom sits ______ the five students. A. between B. among C. near ( )3. My home is ______ the school. It’s just beside the gate. A. near B. next to C. close to ( )4. The zoo is ______ my house. It’s not far. A. among B. between C. near ( )5. The library is ______ the cinema. It’s 200 metres away. A. close to B. next to C. between ( )6. The bank is ______ the bookstore. They are touching. A. close to B. next to C. among 点拨 1. 答案：A 解析：固定搭配 `between A and B`，表示在A和B两者之间。 2. 答案：B 解析：`among` 用于三者及以上之间，five students是五名学生，属于多者。 `between` 只能用于两者之间。 3. 答案：B 解析：`next to` 表示紧挨着，紧贴在一起。句子里 `It’s just beside the gate`（就在大门旁边）说明紧紧相邻。 `close to` 只是距离近，不一定紧贴；`near` 在附近。 4. 答案：C 解析：`near` 表示在……附近，`It’s not far`（不远），符合near的含义。 5. 答案：A 解析：`close to` 靠近，距离不远，但不紧贴。`200 metres away`（200米远）说明有距离，不是紧挨着。 `next to` 必须是紧贴在一起。 6. 答案：B 解析：`next to` 紧挨着。`They are touching`（两者互相接触），说明紧紧相邻。 综合训练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. —______ we go and play football? —Good idea! A. Why don't B. Why not C. What about ( ) 2. Why ______ ask your teacher for help? A. don't you B. not you C. you don't ( ) 3. Let me ______ you carry the heavy box. A. to help B. help C. helping ( ) 4. —Why not go to the cinema with us? —______ I have much homework to do. A. Good idea! B. I'm afraid not. C. Yes, I do. ( ) 5. ______ share the cake together, OK? A. Let we B. Let's C. Let us to ( ) 6. Why don't ______ write a letter to your friend? A. you B. your C. yours ( ) 7. My mother gives me some ______ on my study. A. advice B. advices C. piece of advice ( ) 8. —Let's have a picnic! —______ A. Yes, I do. B. Great! C. No, I'm not. ( ) 9. The village is ______ two mountains. A. between B. among C. near ( ) 10. Let ______ help you with your English. A. I B. me C. my ( ) 11. —______ we go to the park this Sunday? —Good idea! A. Do B. Are C. Shall ( ) 12. Why don't we ______ a picnic under the tree? A. have B. to have C. having ( ) 13. He gives ______ some good advice. A. I B. me C. my ( ) 14. —What about ______ a walk after dinner? —Good idea! A. take B. to take C. taking ( ) 15.We should ______ kind to others. A．be B．is C．are 二、选词填空（词：between, among, near, next to, close to，可重复使用） 1. The little girl sits ______ her three friends. 2. The bus stop is ______ my home. I can walk there in 5 minutes. 3. The sofa is ______ the wall. They are touching. 4. The river is ______ the two towns. 5. There is a small shop ______ the park. It is not very far. 6. The teacher stands ______ all the children. 7. The desk is ______ the window. You can touch it. 8. Don’t sit ______ Tom and Jack. 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Why don't we ______ (have) a picnic this weekend? 2. Let me ______ (help) you with your bag. 3. Why not ______ (write) a letter to your neighbour? 4. Let's ______ (work) together to solve the problem. 5. Why don't you ______ (say) sorry to your deskmate? 6. My teacher gives me some good ______ (advice). 7. Let ______ (we) go to the park together. 8. Why not ______ (move) back a little to make more space? 9. Let him ______ (carry) the heavy box. He is strong. 10. Why don't they ______ (share) the food with each other? 11. Let's not ______ (waste) food. We should eat up all the food. 12. What about ______ (go) for a walk after dinner? 13. Let ______ (I) take your bag for you. 14. Why not ______ (be) friendly to each other? 15. Shall we ______ (meet) at the school gate? 四、句型转换 A 改为同义句（用 Why not 改写） 1. Why don't we have a picnic here? ________________________________________ 2. Why don't you ask your teacher for help? ________________________________________ 3. Why don't they play football after school? ________________________________________ B 改为否定句 4. Let's go to the park. ________________________________________ 5. Let me help you. ________________________________________ C 改为提建议句型（用 Why don't you...?） 6. You should say sorry to your friend. ________________________________________ 7. You can talk with your deskmate kindly. ________________________________________ 五、选词填空，从方框中选择合适的词或短语填空，可重复使用。 Why don't Why not Let's Let me advice should 1. ________ we go and play basketball? 2. ________ have a rest. I'm tired. 3. ________ help you carry the books. 4. ________ ask your teacher for help? 5. My teacher gives me some ________ on my English. 6. We ________ be friendly to our neighbours. 7. ________ you say sorry to your deskmate? 8. ________ not waste food. We should eat up all the food. 9. ________ we go for a walk after dinner? 10. What ________ I do? I can't get along with my deskmate. 六、补全对话 Dialogue 1 A: I'm so tired. And I'm hungry. B: ______ don't we stop and have a rest? A: Good idea! But I don't have food with me. B: Don't worry. You can share some of my food. A: Thank you so much. You're so kind. B: You're welcome. Oh, my bag is so heavy. A: ______ me help you carry it. B: Thank you. We ______ always help each other. A: I agree. ______ we have a picnic under the tree? B: That's a good ______! Dialogue 2 A: You look sad. What's wrong? B: My neighbour plays music late every night. I can't sleep well. A: I'm sorry to hear that. ________ don't you talk with him kindly? B: I'm afraid it won't work. A: ________ not write a note to him? He may understand you. B: That's a good idea. I'll have a try. A: We ________ be friendly to each other. B: I hope so. Thank you for your ________. 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. 答案：A 解析：`Why don't we…?` 我们为什么不……？用于提建议；Why not后面不加主语we；What about后接doing。句意：—我们为什么不去踢足球？—好主意！ 2. 答案：A 解析：`Why don't you +动词原形`=Why not +动词原形，提建议。B结构错误，not后不能加you；C语序错误。句意：你为什么不向你的老师求助？ 3. 答案：B 解析：固定搭配`Let sb. +动词原形`，let后面接宾格+动词原形。句意：让我帮你搬这个重箱子。 4. 答案：B 解析：Why not…是提建议。A好主意（赞同建议）；B恐怕不行（委婉拒绝）；C用于Do引导问句回答。根据后句“我有很多作业要做”，表示拒绝。 5. 答案：B 解析：`Let's = Let us`，let后面用人称宾格，后接动词原形。A we是主格错误；C多to。句意：让我们一起分享蛋糕，好吗？ 6. 答案：A 解析：`Why don't +主语(主格)+动词原形`；you主格；your形容词性物主代词；yours名词性物主代词。句意：你为什么不给你的朋友写一封信？ 7. 答案：A 解析：advice是不可数名词，没有advices复数形式；C应为a piece of advice。some advice 一些建议。句意：妈妈在学习上给我一些建议。 8. 答案：B 解析：Let's…提建议，答语用Great!/Good idea!；A回答Do一般疑问句；C回答be动词疑问句。句意：—让我们去野餐吧！—太棒了！ 9. 答案：A 解析：two mountains两座山，两者之间用between；among用于三者及以上；near在附近。句意：村庄在两座大山之间。 10. 答案：B 解析：let后接人称代词宾格。I主格；me宾格；my形容词性物主代词。句意：让我帮你学习英语。 11. 答案：C 解析：`Shall we…?` 用于提建议，“我们……好吗？”。句意：—这个周日我们去公园好吗？—好主意！ 12. 答案：A 解析：`Why don't we +动词原形`，所以用have。句意：我们为什么不在树下野餐？ 13. 答案：B 解析：give动词后面接宾格，give sb. sth.给某人某物。I主格；me宾格；my物主代词。句意：他给我一些好建议。 14. 答案：C 解析：固定搭配`What about + doing`，about是介词，后面动词加ing。句意：—晚饭后散步怎么样？—好主意！ 15. 答案：A 解析：should情态动词后接动词原形，be是原形。句意：我们应该对别人友善。 二、选词填空（词：between, among, near, next to, close to，可重复使用） 1. among 解析：three friends三个朋友，三者以上之间用among。句意：小女孩坐在她三个朋友中间。 2. near / close to 解析：五分钟步行路程，距离近，不一定紧贴。句意：公交站在我家附近，我五分钟可以走到那里。 3. next to 解析：They are touching互相接触，next to表示紧挨着。句意：沙发紧挨着墙。 4. between 解析：two towns两个城镇，两者之间between A and B。句意：这条河在两座城镇之间。 5. near / close to 解析：not very far 不是很远，靠近、附近。句意：公园附近有一家小商店。 6. among 解析：all the children 很多孩子，三者以上之中。句意：老师站在所有孩子中间。 7. next to 解析：You can touch it你可以摸到它，说明紧挨着。句意：课桌紧挨着窗户。 8. between 解析：Tom and Jack两个人，between…and 在两者之间。句意：不要坐在汤姆和杰克中间。 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. have 解析：Why don't we +动词原形 2. help 解析：Let me +动词原形 3. write 解析：Why not +动词原形 4. work 解析：Let's +动词原形 5. say 解析：Why don't you +动词原形 6. advice 解析：advice不可数名词，无复数 7. us 解析：let后接宾格，we宾格us 8. move 解析：Why not +动词原形 9. carry 解析：Let him +动词原形 10. share 解析：Why don't they +动词原形 11. waste 解析：Let's not +动词原形 12. going 解析：What about介词后doing 13. me 解析：let后接宾格，I宾格me 14. be 解析：Why not +动词原形，be friendly友好 15. meet 解析：Shall we +动词原形 四、句型转换 A 改为同义句（用 Why not 改写） 1. Why not have a picnic here? 解析：Why don't we = Why not 2. Why not ask your teacher for help? 解析：Why don't you = Why not 3. Why not play football after school? 解析：Why don't they = Why not B 改为否定句 4. Let's not go to the park. 解析：Let's的否定：Let's not +动词原形 5. Don't let me help you. 解析：let me祈使句否定，在句首加Don't。 C 改为提建议句型（用 Why don't you...?） 6. Why don't you say sorry to your friend? 解析：把陈述句改为提建议，Why don't you +动词原形。 7. Why don't you talk with your deskmate kindly? 五、选词填空（Why don't Why not Let's Let me advice should） 1. Why don't 解析：Why don't we提建议 2. Let's 解析：Let's do 让我们做…… 3. Let me 解析：Let me do 让我做…… 4. Why not 解析：Why not do 为什么不…… 5. advice 解析：some advice一些建议，不可数 6. should 解析：should情态动词“应该” 7. Why don't 解析：Why don't you提建议 8. Let's 解析：Let's not do 让我们不要做…… 9. Why don't 解析：Why don't we我们为什么不…… 10. should 解析：What should I do? 我应该怎么办？ 六、补全对话 Dialogue1：Why；Let；should；Shall；idea Dialogue2：Why；Why；should；advice Dialogue 1 A: I'm so tired. And I'm hungry. B: Why don't we stop and have a rest? A: Good idea! But I don't have food with me. B: Don't worry. You can share some of my food. A: Thank you so much. You're so kind. B: You're welcome. Oh, my bag is so heavy. A: Let me help you carry it. B: Thank you. We should always help each other. A: I agree. Shall we have a picnic under the tree? B: That's a good idea! Dialogue 2 A: You look sad. What's wrong? B: My neighbour plays music late every night. I can't sleep well. A: I'm sorry to hear that. Why don't you talk with him kindly? B: I'm afraid it won't work. A: Why not write a note to him? He may understand you. B: That's a good idea. I'll have a try. A: We should be friendly to each other. B: I hope so. Thank you for your advice. 解析： Why don't you 你为什么不；Why not为什么不；should应该；advice 建议（不可数）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $