专题11 被动语态（培优专练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

**基本信息** 以“真题感知-进阶强化-拔高预测”为逻辑链，系统提炼被动语态四步解题法及情态动词等特殊结构处理策略，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |真题·命题感知|13题（含2021-2025年全国卷等真题）|四步解题法（成分判断-时态确定-主谓关系分析-主谓一致）；情态动词被动三要点（关注情态动词-分析关系-保留be动词）|从基础时态被动到情态动词被动，覆盖核心考法| |进阶·强化演练|24题（分6考点）|时间线索定时态、逻辑关系定语态；被动表主动/主动表被动动词识别；under/in+抽象名词结构处理|从常规到特殊结构，构建完整知识网络| |拔高·模拟预测|3篇语法填空（传统文化/科技前沿情境）|综合运用四步解题法及特殊结构技巧|在真实语境中深化语言能力与跨文化理解|

专题11 被动语态 目 录 真题·命题感知 1 进阶·强化演练 7 拔高·模拟预测 13 真题·命题感知 1. (2025全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ___________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 解题方法 ✅ 1：判断设空处的句子成分是否是谓语动词 ✅ 2：根据句中的语境确定时态 ✅ 3：分析设空动词与主语的关系，确定被动语态。 ✅ 4：注意分析主语确定主谓一致性”。 2.（2025北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes ___________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 3.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___________ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 4. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. 5.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 6.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 解题方法 ✅ 1：含有情态动词的被动语态，观察留心情态动词。 ✅ 2：分析设空动词与主语的关系，确定被动语态。 ✅ 3：注意不要漏掉系动词be。 7.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? 8.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy. 9.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order. 10.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 11.（2020新课标）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms. 12.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 13.（2023上海秋考）Once upon a time , in the heart of Africa, there was a king who (2l) __________( know )for his wisdom and courage, His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. 进阶·强化演练 考点01 根据时间线索断定时态，根据主谓之间的逻辑关系断定被动语态 1.【新情境】（2027·山西大学附属中学校模块诊断）And the best part is that no special equipment or a lot of space 63 (require), making it a perfect practice for busy city residents. 2.【新情境·传统文化】（2027·山东省同心同德学校联盟模拟）In 2022, traditional tea processing skills in China 63 (add) to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List (联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录). 3.（2027·四川省南充市嘉陵第一中学模拟）Each morning, my tasks for the day 64 (organize) the night before, so I no longer dread the bell. 4.【新情境·传统文化】（2027·广东广州市调研）Qinqiang Opera, a Chinese folk opera originating in the Western Zhou Dynasty, continues to thrive in Northwest China and 38 (add) to the country’s intangible cultural heritage list in 2006. 5.（2027·内蒙古天工联考）“With this paintbrush, I want to show my fellow villagers the world,” says 39-year-old Wu Chengyan. In 2023, when he was painting a landscape for his wife’s grandfather, an idea to create art for his hometown’s seniors 56 (generate). 6.【新角度】（2027·河南信阳市五校协作体月考）Plus, a simple hello or thank-you in Chinese 39 (appreciate), as natives can see that we’ve made an effort to learn and speak their language. 7.（2027·河南南阳多校学情调研）Known as the Three-Body Computing Constellation (三体计算星座), the project 58 (initiate) by Zhejiang Lab, a research institute in China, together with global partners, in 2023. 8.（2027·辽宁大连市第二十四中学模底）Over the past year, a large quantity of related experiments 41 (conduct) to optimize (优化) the material structure and improve energy utilization efficiency. 9.（2027·哈尔滨师范大学青冈实验中学校月考）Nowadays, with government support, more companies 43 (encourage) to innovate, making Quanzhou a shining star on China’s economic map. 10.【新角度】（2025·上海静安·二模）And some think it’s just a quick trend and might even be harmful if practiced incorrectly. “Physiologically, humans (build) for biped (双足的) mobility instead of quadruped (四足的) mobility like animals,” 考点02 含有情态动词的被动语态 1. Young people can learn how the traditional food is made and the culture surrounding this food can (carry) forward and expanded. 2. The exam questions should focus on basic knowledge and skills, and the number of questions focusing on rote (死记硬背的) learning should (reduce). 3．To protect the rare wetland birds, the local government announced that the surrounding area must not (disturb) at any time without official approval. 4．With the rapid development of AI translation technology, some experts predict that basic translation work in daily communication can (finish) more efficiently by intelligent tools in the near future. 5．Those with high openness sometimes seek new experiences, so they might (draw) to novel volunteering opportunities. 6．He insisted that the accident (investigate) objectively without any subjective interference. 考点03 被动形式表示主动含义的动词和短语 1. It’s admirable that he (devote) to helping poor children get education so far. 2.【新考法】When the famous singer walked onto the stage, all the members of the band (seat) in their positions, ready to play. 3.【新考法】With the intention of achieving his academic goals, he (commit) to his study ever since. 考点04 不能用于被动语态的高频动词与短语 1．It never (occur) to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 2.The city (lack) basic infrastructure, not to mention advanced public facilities. 3.The future ________(belong) to those who prepare for it today. 考点05 主动形式表示被动的常见情况 1．This sort of roast meat is a local super food and it （taste）delicious. 2．The novel written by the author (sell)best, but five years ago no one could have imagined how great a role he was to play in the literary world. 3．【新情境】Some social app companies were (blame) because they organized photo trips to attract more youngsters. 考点06 under/in+抽象名词”结构含有被动之意 1.It is still _________ discussion whether the ancient temple should be restored or left in its original state. 2．Whether the meeting will be put off is still under (discuss). 拔高·模拟预测 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·传统文化—剪纸】（2027·黑龙江哈尔滨市第十二中学校月考） Paper cutting is one of the most popular Chinese traditional art forms. It is popular because 1 its low cost and artistry. What’s more, it communicates the content and nature of traditional culture with its own language. Chinese paper cutting is an art 2 dates back to the 6th century. From the 7th century, it became popular especially during Chinese 3 (festival). The art was brought to the rest of the world in the 14th century. 4 (traditional) , paper cutting is a handicraft for women. In the past, every girl was supposed to know it. At the same time, women were judged by 5 (they) skills. Professional paper cutting artists were, on the other hand, mostly men who were paid well through 6 (work) hard in workshops. Paper cuttings were generally used in religious rituals (宗教仪式). In the past, paper 7 (cut) into images of people or things such as money and clothes and buried (埋葬) with 8 dead. Today, paper cuttings, which are usually made with red paper, are used as 9 (impress) decorations (装饰). It is easy 10 (learn) how to make paper cuttings. But to be good at it is not easy. It requires much effort, practice and imagination. Passage 2 【新情境·科技前沿】（2027·云南省玉溪第一中学月考） In the field of artificial intelligence robot producing, Wang Xiaoming (1980-) is one of the most outstanding contemporary Chinese figures, 1 is not restricted by traditional producing methods. He developed an interest in robotics at 2 very young age. With constant efforts, he mastered advanced technologies in robot programming, mechanical design, and sensor applications. One of the 3 (individual) who had a crucial influence on him was Professor Li, a renowned robotics expert from a top-tier university in China. Wang Xiaoming is well-known in the robotics industry for the innovation and high 4 (efficient) that he has brought to various types of robots. In recent years, he 5 (shift) his research focus to humanoid robots and robots for medical care. 6 (remarkable), he has developed a series of intelligent service robots that can interact with humans naturally. In 2020, he 7 (appoint) the leader of the National Robot Innovation Team and briefly served 8 the chief consultant of the China Robotics Association, which was founded in 2015. In summary, with cutting-edge algorithms (算法), high-precision sensors, and advanced materials 9 (employ) in his study, he has succeeded in creating intelligent and practical robots. His works continue to inspire the robotics community with their unique combination of traditional Chinese engineering wisdom and modern AI technologies, 10 (ensure) his position as an important figure in the history of Chinese robotics. Passage 3 【新情境·传统文化—中元节】（2027·四川省南充高级中学月考） The Zhongyuan Festival, also called the Ghost Festival, falls on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month, 1 (regard) as a special occasion for Chinese people to show respect for deceased family members. Rooted in Taoist and Buddhist beliefs, it ranks among China’s major traditional festivals 2 (focus) on ancestor remembrance. In ancient times, people held the belief 3 the gates of the underworld would open on this day. Families would lay out food offerings and float water lanterns. Such practices show the 4 (diverse) of folk beliefs and cultural expressions across regions. The lantern lights were meant to guide wandering spirits back to earth. 5 (original), the festival stressed gratitude and respect 6 ancestors instead of fear. Over centuries, some old customs 7 (preserve) within Chinese communities across the globe. Different from Western Halloween, the festival carries 8 solemn atmosphere. It reminds people 9 (value) family ties and reflect upon life. Local communities organize various activities, through 10 teenagers can gain a deeper understanding of this valuable cultural heritage. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题11 被动语态 目 录 真题·命题感知 1 进阶·强化演练 7 拔高·模拟预测 13 真题·命题感知 1. (2025全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ___________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 【答案】are revealed 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。 解题方法 ✅ 1：判断设空处的句子成分是否是谓语动词 ✅ 2：根据句中的语境确定时态 ✅ 3：分析设空动词与主语的关系，确定被动语态。 ✅ 4：注意分析主语确定主谓一致性”。 2.（2025北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes ___________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 【答案】are achieved 【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 3.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___________ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 【答案】 was built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 4. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. 【答案】were used 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语long ago可知，应用一般过去时，主语Fountain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。 5.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 【答案】was amazed 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 6.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 【答案】be employed 【解析】考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 解题方法 ✅ 1：含有情态动词的被动语态，观察留心情态动词。 ✅ 2：分析设空动词与主语的关系，确定被动语态。 ✅ 3：注意不要漏掉系动词be。 7.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? 【答案】be appreciated 【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be appreciated。 8.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy. 【答案】is considered 【解析】考查动词时态。这里涉及到句式结构的分析，前面有and连接，所以and 后面的句子是需要有完整谓语的，BMI属于专有名词，用谓语is considered 即可。 9.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order. 【答案】was painted 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。 10.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 【答案】was built 【解析】句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。 11.（2020新课标）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms. 【答案】are called 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。 12.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 【答案】be chosen 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。 13.（2023上海秋考）Once upon a time , in the heart of Africa, there was a king who (2l) __________( know )for his wisdom and courage, His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. 【答案】was known 【解析】考查被动语态。分析句子结构，此句为there be句型，主句谓语动词是 was。Who..and courage为who引导的定语从句，空格处为从句的谓语动词，此处意为!“被人们所知道”，be known for意为“因……而出名”，而且主句中的谓语为一般过去时,所以应该填 was known。 进阶·强化演练 考点01 根据时间线索断定时态，根据主谓之间的逻辑关系断定被动语态 1.【新情境】（2027·山西大学附属中学校模块诊断）And the best part is that no special equipment or a lot of space 63 (require), making it a perfect practice for busy city residents. 【答案】is required 【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：最好的部分是，它不需要特殊器械，也不需要很大空间，这让它成为忙碌城市居民绝佳的锻炼选择。陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；or连接并列主语时谓语遵循就近原则，即与靠近它的名词保持一致，靠近谓语的部分是space（不可数名词），故谓语动词用单数形式，且主语与require之间是被动关系，使用一般现在时的被动语态，故用is required。 2.【新情境·传统文化】（2027·山东省同心同德学校联盟模拟）In 2022, traditional tea processing skills in China 63 (add) to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List (联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录). 【答案】were added 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：2022年，中国传统制茶技艺被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“In 2022”可知，应用一般过去时；主语traditional tea processing skills与动词add之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。 3.（2027·四川省南充市嘉陵第一中学模拟）Each morning, my tasks for the day 64 (organize) the night before, so I no longer dread the bell. 【答案】are organized 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：每天早上，我当天的任务在前一天晚上就已经被整理好了，所以我不再害怕上课铃。主语my tasks for the day是复数，和动词organize之间是被动关系，描述现在的日常习惯，用一般现在时被动语态are organized。 4.【新情境·传统文化】（2027·广东广州市调研）Qinqiang Opera, a Chinese folk opera originating in the Western Zhou Dynasty, continues to thrive in Northwest China and 38 (add) to the country’s intangible cultural heritage list in 2006. 【答案】was added 【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：秦腔是发源于西周时期的中国民间戏曲，如今仍在中国西北地区蓬勃发展，并于2006年被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。根据时间状语in 2006可知，句子需用一般过去时；主语Qinqiang Opera与add之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词的过去分词；主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was added。 5.（2027·内蒙古天工联考）“With this paintbrush, I want to show my fellow villagers the world,” says 39-year-old Wu Chengyan. In 2023, when he was painting a landscape for his wife’s grandfather, an idea to create art for his hometown’s seniors 56 (generate). 【答案】was generated 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：2023年，当他正在为他妻子的祖父绘制风景画时，一个为家乡老人创作艺术作品的想法萌生了。事情发生在2023年，用一般过去时，主语an idea与generate为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态was generated。 6.【新角度】（2027·河南信阳市五校协作体月考）Plus, a simple hello or thank-you in Chinese 39 (appreciate), as natives can see that we’ve made an effort to learn and speak their language. 【答案】is appreciated 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：另外，用中文说一句简单的“你好”或“谢谢”也是很受欢迎的，因为当地人可以看出我们努力学习和说他们的语言。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语a simple hello or thank-you in Chinese与appreciate之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为单数，be动词需用is。故填is appreciated。 7.（2027·河南南阳多校学情调研）Known as the Three-Body Computing Constellation (三体计算星座), the project 58 (initiate) by Zhejiang Lab, a research institute in China, together with global partners, in 2023. 【答案】was initiated 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：该项目被称为“三体计算星座”，由中国的研究机构之江实验室与全球合作伙伴于2023年发起。空处为句子的谓语，主语the project与initiate之间为被动关系，且时间状语为in 2023，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。 8.（2027·辽宁大连市第二十四中学模底）Over the past year, a large quantity of related experiments 41 (conduct) to optimize (优化) the material structure and improve energy utilization efficiency. 【答案】has been conducted 【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：过去一年中，进行了大量相关实验，以优化材料结构并提高能源利用效率。空处作句子的谓语，结合“Over the past year”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，conduct“进行”和主语a large quantity of related experiments之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语中quantity为单数，助动词应用has。 9.（2027·哈尔滨师范大学青冈实验中学校月考）Nowadays, with government support, more companies 43 (encourage) to innovate, making Quanzhou a shining star on China’s economic map. 【答案】are encouraged 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：如今，依托政府扶持，更多企业被鼓励开展创新，让泉州成为中国经济版图上的一颗耀眼新星。句子描述现阶段客观情况，用一般现在时，主语companies与encourage为被动关系，所以使用一般现在时态的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为are encouraged。 10.【新角度】（2025·上海静安·二模）And some think it’s just a quick trend and might even be harmful if practiced incorrectly. “Physiologically, humans (build) for biped (双足的) mobility instead of quadruped (四足的) mobility like animals,” 【答案】are built 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：从生理上讲，人类是为双足移动而进化的，而不是像动物那样的四足移动。build(发展)是谓语动词，与主语humans之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are built。 考点02 含有情态动词的被动语态 1. Young people can learn how the traditional food is made and the culture surrounding this food can (carry) forward and expanded. 【答案】be carried 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：年轻人可以学习传统食物是如何制作的，围绕这种食物的文化可以被发扬光大。情态动词can后跟动词原形，the culture与carry之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填be carried。 2. The exam questions should focus on basic knowledge and skills, and the number of questions focusing on rote (死记硬背的) learning should (reduce). 【答案】be reduced 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：考试题目要集中在基础知识和技能上，减少死记硬背的题目数量。情态动词should后接动词原形，主语questions与reduce之间是逻辑上的被动关系。故填be reduced。 3．To protect the rare wetland birds, the local government announced that the surrounding area must not (disturb) at any time without official approval. 【答案】be disturbed 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：为保护这种珍稀湿地鸟类，当地政府宣布，未经官方批准，周边区域任何时候都不得受到干扰。主语the surrounding area与disturb为被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词must后接动词原形，此处使用含情态动词的被动语态结构be done。故填be disturbed。 4．With the rapid development of AI translation technology, some experts predict that basic translation work in daily communication can (finish) more efficiently by intelligent tools in the near future. 【答案】be finished 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：随着人工智能翻译技术的快速发展，一些专家预测，在不久的将来，日常交流中的基础翻译工作可以由智能工具更高效地完成。that引导的宾语从句主语basic translation work in daily communication和动词finish“完成”为被动关系，用be finished，与空前的情态动词can构成含情态动词的被动语态，故填be finished。 5．Those with high openness sometimes seek new experiences, so they might (draw) to novel volunteering opportunities. 【答案】be drawn 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：那些开放性得分高的人有时会寻求新的体验，因此他们可能会被新颖的志愿服务机会所吸引。此处主语they（指代those with high openness）与draw（吸引）之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；情态动词might后接be 动词原形，draw 的过去分词为drawn，故填be drawn。 6．He insisted that the accident (investigate) objectively without any subjective interference. 【答案】should be investigated/be investigated 【解析】句意：他坚决要求这起事故应得到客观调查，不受任何主观因素干扰。动词insist表示 “坚决要求、坚持主张”某事应当执行时，其后的宾语从句需使用虚拟语气，谓语结构为“should + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略。从句主语the accident“事故”与动词investigate“调查”为被动关系——事故是“被客观调查”的对象，因此需使用被动语态。 考点03 被动形式表示主动含义的动词和短语 1. It’s admirable that he (devote) to helping poor children get education so far. 【答案】has been devoted 【解析】句意：令人钦佩的是，到目前为止，他已将自己的人生奉献给了帮助贫困儿童接受教育的事业。句中时间状语so far表示“到目前为止”，句子应用现在完成时，主语he为第三人称单数，空处应用has been devoted。 2.【新考法】When the famous singer walked onto the stage, all the members of the band (seat) in their positions, ready to play. 【答案】were seated 【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当这位著名的歌手走上舞台时，乐队的所有成员都已就座，准备开始演奏。all the members和seat之间是逻辑动宾关系，且由walked可知，空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语members是复数，因此空格处是were seated。故填were seated。 3.【新考法】With the intention of achieving his academic goals, he (commit) to his study ever since. 【答案】has been committed 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：为了实现他的学术目标，他一直致力于他的研究。分析句子可知，此处作谓语动词，主语he和commit为被动关系，再由ever since可知，应用现在完成时，主语是单数，助动词使用has。故填has been committed。 考点04 不能用于被动语态的高频动词与短语 1．It never (occur) to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 【答案】occurred 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我从来没想过你能成功说服他改变主意。此处使用固定搭配It never occurred to me意为：我从来没想过，occur不能用于被动语态。故填occurred。 2.The city (lack) basic infrastructure, not to mention advanced public facilities. 【答案】lacks 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：该城市缺乏基本的基础设施，更不用说先进的公共设施了。此处指现实具体的情况，用一般现在时。故填lacks。 3.The future ________(belong) to those who prepare for it today. 【答案】belongs 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：未来属于今天做好准备的人。本句内容是哲理、事实。“belong to”是固定短语，意为“属于”，the future是第三人称单数。故填belongs。 考点05 主动形式表示被动的常见情况 1．This sort of roast meat is a local super food and it （taste）delicious. 【答案】tastes 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这种烤肉是当地的超级食物，它尝起来很美味。分析句子可知，taste是谓语动词，由上文的is可知，用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，且taste是系动词，无被动式，故填tastes。 2．The novel written by the author (sell)best, but five years ago no one could have imagined how great a role he was to play in the literary world. 【答案】sells 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：作者写的小说卖得最好，但五年前没有人能想象他在文坛上扮演的重要角色。动词sell，write，read，open，lock，shut，wear，wash，keep，cook，cut，burn，run等与well，smoothly，easily等连用时，说明主语内在的“性能”、“特点”，用主动形式表被动含义；又因这本小说现在销量最好，所以用一般现在时，且主语是novel，单数第三人称，故填sells。 3．【新情境】Some social app companies were (blame) because they organized photo trips to attract more youngsters. 【答案】to blame 【解析】考查不定式 。句意：一些社交应用公司应受到谴责，因为他们组织拍照旅行来吸引更多的年轻人。be  to blame“应该受到责备”，主动表达被动。故填to blame。 考点06 under/in+抽象名词”结构含有被动之意 1.It is still _________ discussion whether the ancient temple should be restored or left in its original state. 【答案】under 【解析】考查介词。句意：这座古庙是否应该修复还是保持原样，仍在讨论之中。固定搭配为under discussion意为：正在被讨论中，表示被动。故填under。 2．Whether the meeting will be put off is still under (discuss). 【答案】discussion 【解析】词形转换。句意：会议是否推迟仍在讨论中。此处under discussion意为：正在被讨论中，表示被动。故填discussion。 拔高·模拟预测 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·传统文化—剪纸】（2027·黑龙江哈尔滨市第十二中学校月考） Paper cutting is one of the most popular Chinese traditional art forms. It is popular because 1 its low cost and artistry. What’s more, it communicates the content and nature of traditional culture with its own language. Chinese paper cutting is an art 2 dates back to the 6th century. From the 7th century, it became popular especially during Chinese 3 (festival). The art was brought to the rest of the world in the 14th century. 4 (traditional) , paper cutting is a handicraft for women. In the past, every girl was supposed to know it. At the same time, women were judged by 5 (they) skills. Professional paper cutting artists were, on the other hand, mostly men who were paid well through 6 (work) hard in workshops. Paper cuttings were generally used in religious rituals (宗教仪式). In the past, paper 7 (cut) into images of people or things such as money and clothes and buried (埋葬) with 8 dead. Today, paper cuttings, which are usually made with red paper, are used as 9 (impress) decorations (装饰). It is easy 10 (learn) how to make paper cuttings. But to be good at it is not easy. It requires much effort, practice and imagination. 【答案】 1．of 2．that/which 3．festivals 4．Traditionally 5．their 6．working 7．was cut 8．the 9．impressive 10．to learn 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统艺术形式——剪纸。 1．考查介词。句意：它之所以受欢迎，是因为其价格低廉且极具艺术性。its low cost and artistry为名词词组，空处为介词，because of为固定短语，意思为：由于，因为。故填of。 2．考查定语从句。句意：中国剪纸艺术可追溯至公元 6 世纪。 an art为先行词，空格后dates back to the 6th century是修饰先行词的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词art指物，因此需用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which 。 3．考查名词。句意：从7世纪起，它便开始流行起来，尤其是在中国的节日里。festival“节日”为可数名词，根据especially during Chinese…可知，此处指中国的多个节日，需用复数形式表示泛指。故填festivals。 4．考查副词。句意：传统上，剪纸是一种女性专属的手工艺。空格处需修饰整个句子，应使用副词作状语。 traditional为形容词，其副词形式为traditionally，且句首单词首字母需大写。故填Traditionally。 5．考查代词。句意：与此同时，女性的价值则取决于她们的技能表现。空处修饰skills，用形容词性物主代词their，意思为：她们的。故填their。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：另一方面，专业的剪纸艺术家大多是男性，他们通过在工作室辛勤工作而获得丰厚报酬。介词through后用动名词作宾语。故填working。 7．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去，人们会将纸张裁剪成人物或物品的图案（比如货币和衣物），然后将其与死者一同埋葬。主语paper与谓语动cut之间为被动关系，且根据时间状语In the past可知，句子需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/ were+过去分词。paper为不可数名词，be动词用was，cut的过去分词为cut。故填was cut。 8．考查冠词。句意同上。“the +形容词”可表示一类人， the dead意为“死者”，是固定用法。故填the。 9．考查形容词。句意：如今，通常用红色纸张制成的剪纸作品被用作极具视觉冲击力的装饰品。空格后decorations为名词，需用形容词修饰。 impress为动词，其形容词形式为impressive，意思为：令人印象深刻的，精美的，符合语境。故填impressive。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：学习制作剪纸其实并不难。根据固定句型“It is+形容词+ to do sth. (做某事是……的)”可知，此处需填动词不定式作真正主语，It为形式主语。故填to learn。 Passage 2 【新情境·科技前沿】（2027·云南省玉溪第一中学月考） In the field of artificial intelligence robot producing, Wang Xiaoming (1980-) is one of the most outstanding contemporary Chinese figures, 1 is not restricted by traditional producing methods. He developed an interest in robotics at 2 very young age. With constant efforts, he mastered advanced technologies in robot programming, mechanical design, and sensor applications. One of the 3 (individual) who had a crucial influence on him was Professor Li, a renowned robotics expert from a top-tier university in China. Wang Xiaoming is well-known in the robotics industry for the innovation and high 4 (efficient) that he has brought to various types of robots. In recent years, he 5 (shift) his research focus to humanoid robots and robots for medical care. 6 (remarkable), he has developed a series of intelligent service robots that can interact with humans naturally. In 2020, he 7 (appoint) the leader of the National Robot Innovation Team and briefly served 8 the chief consultant of the China Robotics Association, which was founded in 2015. In summary, with cutting-edge algorithms (算法), high-precision sensors, and advanced materials 9 (employ) in his study, he has succeeded in creating intelligent and practical robots. His works continue to inspire the robotics community with their unique combination of traditional Chinese engineering wisdom and modern AI technologies, 10 (ensure) his position as an important figure in the history of Chinese robotics. 【答案】 1．who 2．a 3．individuals 4．efficiency 5．has shifted 6．Remarkably 7．was appointed 8．as 9．employed 10．ensuring 【解析】文章主要讲述人工智能机器人研发领域的杰出人士王晓明的成长经历、科研成就及其在中国机器人发展领域的重要影响。 1．考查定语从句。句意：在人工智能机器人制造领域，王晓明（1980- ）是中国当代最杰出的人物之一，不受传统制造方法的限制。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Wang Xiaoming (1980-)指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用who引导。 2．考查冠词。句意：他在很小的时候就对机器人学产生了兴趣。固定搭配at a very young age表示“在年纪很小的时候”。 3．考查名词复数。句意：对他产生关键影响的人之一是李教授，一位来自中国顶尖高校的知名机器人专家。固定结构“one of+可数名词复数形式”，本空用复数形式individuals。 4．考查名词。句意：王晓明在机器人行业以他为各类机器人带来的创新和高效率而闻名。本空作宾语，用名词efficiency。 5．考查动词时态。句意：近年来，他已将研究重点转向人形机器人和医疗护理机器人。根据时间状语In recent years可知，用现在完成时，主语为he，谓语用has shifted。 6．考查副词。句意：值得一提的是，他研发出了一系列能与人类自然互动的智能服务机器人。本空修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词remarkably，句首单词，首字母大写。 7．考查动词语态。句意：2020年，他被任命为国家机器人创新团队带头人，并短期担任2015年成立的中国机器人协会首席顾问。时间状语In 2020表过去，主语he和appoint是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用was appointed。 8．考查介词。句意：2020年，他被任命为国家机器人创新团队带头人，并短期担任2015年成立的中国机器人协会首席顾问。固定搭配serve as表示“担任，充当”。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：总而言之，随着前沿算法、高精度传感器和先进材料被应用于他的研究中，他成功造出了智能实用的机器人。此处是with复合结构，宾语cutting-edge algorithms (算法), high-precision sensors, and advanced materials和employ是被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他的作品将中国传统工程智慧与现代人工智能技术独特结合，持续激励机器人学界，确保了他在中国机器人史上的重要地位。此处表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。 Passage 3 【新情境·传统文化—中元节】（2027·四川省南充高级中学月考） The Zhongyuan Festival, also called the Ghost Festival, falls on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month, 1 (regard) as a special occasion for Chinese people to show respect for deceased family members. Rooted in Taoist and Buddhist beliefs, it ranks among China’s major traditional festivals 2 (focus) on ancestor remembrance. In ancient times, people held the belief 3 the gates of the underworld would open on this day. Families would lay out food offerings and float water lanterns. Such practices show the 4 (diverse) of folk beliefs and cultural expressions across regions. The lantern lights were meant to guide wandering spirits back to earth. 5 (original), the festival stressed gratitude and respect 6 ancestors instead of fear. Over centuries, some old customs 7 (preserve) within Chinese communities across the globe. Different from Western Halloween, the festival carries 8 solemn atmosphere. It reminds people 9 (value) family ties and reflect upon life. Local communities organize various activities, through 10 teenagers can gain a deeper understanding of this valuable cultural heritage. 【答案】 1．regarded 2．focusing 3．that 4．diversity 5．Originally 6．for 7．have been preserved 8．a 9．to value 10．which 【解析】本文介绍中元节的时间、起源、传统习俗以及它所承载的文化意义。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中元节，也叫鬼节，在农历七月十五，被看作是中国人缅怀逝去亲人的特殊日子。本句谓语动词为falls，空格处为非谓语；主语The Zhongyuan Festival和regard之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：源于道、佛信仰，它是中国主要以缅怀祖先为主题的传统节日之一。本句已有谓语ranks，空格处是非谓语动词；festivals和focus之间是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。 3．考查同位语从句。句意：在古代，人们相信这一天阴间的大门会打开。空格后是对belief具体内容的解释，为同位语从句，从句句意完整、不缺成分，用that引导。 4．考查名词。句意：这些习俗体现了各地区民间信仰与文化表达的多样性。定冠词the后面需要接名词作动词show的宾语；diverse的名词形式为diversity“多样性”。 5．考查词性转换。句意：最初，这个节日强调感恩和对祖先的敬重，而非恐惧。空格处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，要用副词形式。首字母大写。 6．考查固定介词搭配。句意：最初，这个节日强调感恩和对祖先的敬重，而非恐惧。固定搭配respect for sb. 表示“对……的敬重”。 7．考查动词时态、语态。句意：几个世纪以来，一些古老习俗在全球华人社群中得以保留。时间状语Over centuries是现在完成时标志；customs和preserve之间是被动关系，要用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用have。 8．考查冠词。句意：与西方万圣节不同，这个节日带有一种庄重的氛围。atmosphere此处表示“一种氛围”，为泛指；solemn以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：它提醒人们珍视亲情，思考生命。固定搭配remind sb. to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。 10．考查定语从句关系词。句意：当地社区举办各类活动，青少年可以通过这些活动更加深入地了解这份珍贵的文化遗产。先行词activities，介词through后接关系代词，指物只能用which。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题11 被动语态 目 录 真题·命题感知 1 进阶·强化演练 7 拔高·模拟预测 13 真题·命题感知 1. are revealed 2.are achieved3. was built4. were used 5.was amazed6.be employed7.be appreciated8.is considered 9.was painted10.was built11.are called12.be chosen13.was known 进阶·强化演练 考点01 根据时间线索断定时态，根据主谓之间的逻辑关系断定被动语态 1.is required2.were added3.are organized4.was added5.was generated6.is appreciated7.was initiated 8.has been conducted9.are encouraged10.are built 考点02 含有情态动词的被动语态 1. be carried2. be reduced3．be disturbed4．be finished5．be drawn6．should be investigated/be investigated 考点03 被动形式表示主动含义的动词和短语 1. has been devoted2.were seated3.has been committed 考点04 不能用于被动语态的高频动词与短语 1．occurred 2.lacks 3.belongs 考点05 主动形式表示被动的常见情况 1．tastes2．sells3．to blame 考点06 under/in+抽象名词”结构含有被动之意 1.under2．discussion 拔高·模拟预测 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【答案】1．of 2．that/which 3．festivals 4．Traditionally 5．their 6．working 7．was cut 8．the 9．impressive 10．to learn Passage 2 【新情境·科技前沿】（2027·云南省玉溪第一中学月考） 【答案】 1．who 2．a 3．individuals 4．efficiency 5．has shifted 6．Remarkably 7．was appointed 8．as 9．employed 10．ensuring Passage 3 【新情境·传统文化—中元节】（2027·四川省南充高级中学月考） 【答案】 1．regarded 2．focusing 3．that 4．diversity 5．Originally 6．for 7．have been preserved 8．a 9．to value 10．which 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $