Unit 2 Inspiring People （单元话题阅读任务单）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

该初中英语单元知识清单围绕“激励人心的人物”主题，涵盖人物传记阅读、核心词汇句型、阅读技能训练及写作表达等范畴，搭建从词汇积累到句型运用再到篇章读写的递进式学习支架。 清单分类呈现中外人物文本，分级标注难度（★★★★），关联语言知识与思维训练，如重难生词配例句、长难句解析语法结构、小练习巩固词汇运用，培养语言能力和思维品质。设计“导读”和“中文翻译”辅助理解，帮助学生自主学习，教师可利用分层练习精准教学，提升课堂效率。

Unit 2 Inspiring People话题阅读任务单 Unit 2 Inspiring People 本单元围绕“激励人心的人物”这一主题展开，该主题与课标要求的“人与社会”主题范畴中的子话题“对世界、国家、人民和社会进步有突出贡献的人物”及“人物品格与家国情怀”密切相关。通过前一单元的学习，学生已初步掌握描述社会变化与发展的语言能力，能够运用现在完成时和used to等结构表达变迁与对比。而本单元将视角从“世界的变化”转向“推动变化的人”，引导学生认识中外各领域杰出人物及其卓越成就，感悟他们身上坚守信念、勇于探索、无私奉献、坚持不懈的精神品质。因此，本单元主要帮助学生学会用英语描述人物事迹、评价人物品质、表达敬佩之情，培养文化意识与思维品质。本单元的大问题“Who inspires us?”启发学生思考榜样的力量及其对个人成长的激励意义。Section A和Section B分别以“Who do we admire?”和“What makes people admirable?”两个引导性问题架构板块内容，并层层深入，指向单元大问题的回答。Section A首先呈现了科学家、工程师、历史人物、航天员等多领域榜样人物，让学生通过听说活动学会描述人物身份、成就并表达敬佩之情，聚焦“It is + adj. + (for/of) sb. + to do sth.”等核心句型。Section B通过深度阅读中国榜样纪实文本，引导学生从行为表层深入到精神内核，探究榜样人物背后的品质与价值观。写作环节要求学生写一篇人物介绍短文，描述自己敬佩的人及其可贵品质。本部分侧重探讨榜样精神对个人价值观形成和社会进步的深远影响。 Passage A The Girl Who Learned to See Without Eyes — The Story of Helen Keller 导读：海伦·凯勒（Helen Keller，1880—1968）是美国著名作家、教育家和社会活动家。她在19个月大时因疾病失去了视力和听力，世界对她来说变成了一片黑暗与寂静。然而，在老师安妮·沙利文的帮助下，她学会了阅读、写作和说话，最终成为20世纪最伟大的励志人物之一。她的故事告诉我们：勇气不是没有恐惧，而是战胜恐惧。 体裁：经典人物传记 难度：★★★★　 词数：约210词 Helen Keller was born a healthy baby in Tuscumbia, Alabama, on June 27, 1880. At the age of nineteen months, she became very sick. The illness caused her to become blind and deaf. She lived in a world of silence and darkness, and she spent the rest of her life struggling to break through it. When Helen was six years old, her parents hired a teacher named Anne Sullivan to help her. Anne herself had once been blind, and she understood Helen‘s pain. She began teaching Helen by spelling words into her hand with her fingers. At first, Helen could not understand what the letters meant. One day, Anne took Helen to a water pump. As the cool water splashed over Helen’s hand, Anne spelled W-A-T-E-R into her other hand. Suddenly, something clicked in Helen‘s mind. She finally understood that the letters stood for the water flowing over her hand. That day, she learned thirty new words. From that moment on, Helen was determined to learn everything she could. She learned to read Braille, write with a special typewriter, and even speak. She went to college and became the first deaf-blind person to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree. She wrote many books, including her famous autobiography The Story of My Life. She traveled around the world, meeting presidents and giving speeches to encourage people with disabilities. Helen Keller once said, “The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched — they must be felt with the heart.” Her life is a powerful reminder that no difficulty is too great to overcome if we have courage and determination. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【重难生词】 1. blind adj. 失明的；瞎的 例句：He became blind after the accident.（事故后他失明了。） 2. deaf adj. 聋的 例句：She has been deaf since birth.（她天生失聪。） 3. struggle v. 努力；挣扎 例句：He struggled to finish the race.（他努力跑完了比赛。） 4. hire v. 雇用；聘请 例句：The company hired three new workers.（公司雇了三名新工人。） 5. spell v. 拼写 例句：Can you spell your name, please?（请拼写你的名字好吗？） 6. splash v. 泼洒；溅起 例句：The children splashed water at each other.（孩子们互相泼水。） 7. determined adj. 坚定的；有决心的 例句：She is determined to become a doctor.（她决心成为一名医生。） 8. disability n. 残疾；缺陷 例句：People with disabilities should be treated equally.（残疾人应该受到平等对待。） 9. autobiography n. 自传 例句：He wrote his autobiography when he was seventy.（他七十岁时写了自传。） 10. overcome v. 克服；战胜 例句：We can overcome any difficulty if we work together.（只要齐心协力，我们能克服任何困难。） 11. courage n. 勇气 例句：It takes courage to speak in public.（当众演讲需要勇气。） 12. reminder n. 提醒物；提示 例句：This photo is a reminder of our happy holiday.（这张照片是我们快乐假期的纪念。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空） 1. Helen became __________ and __________ after her illness. 2. Her parents __________ a teacher to help her learn. 3. Anne __________ the word W-A-T-E-R into Helen‘s hand. 4. Helen was __________ to learn everything she could. 5. Helen Keller’s life is a __________ that courage can overcome any difficulty. 【长难句分析】 第1句： She lived in a world of silence and darkness, and she spent the rest of her life struggling to break through it. · 翻译： 她生活在一个充满寂静和黑暗的世界里，她用余生努力突破它。 · 重点： 这是一个由 and 连接的并列复合句。前半句“She lived in a world of silence and darkness”是主谓宾结构，silence 和 darkness 并列作 of 的宾语，描述她所处的世界。后半句“she spent the rest of her life struggling to break through it”中，spend time doing sth. 是固定搭配，struggling to break through it 是现在分词短语，说明她如何度过余生；break through 意为“突破；冲破”，it 指代前文的“a world of silence and darkness”。 第2句： Her life is a powerful reminder that no difficulty is too great to overcome if we have courage and determination. · 翻译： 她的一生有力地提醒我们：只要我们有勇气和决心，没有什么困难是无法克服的。 · 重点： 这是一个包含同位语从句和条件状语从句的复合句。主句为“Her life is a powerful reminder”，that 引导的同位语从句“no difficulty is too great to overcome”解释说明 reminder 的具体内容。从句中使用了 too... to... 结构，意为“太……而不能……”，但此处与 no 连用，构成双重否定，表示“没有困难是太大而无法克服的”，即“任何困难都能克服”。句末 if we have courage and determination 是条件状语从句，说明克服困难的前提条件。 【中文翻译】 海伦·凯勒于1880年6月27日出生在阿拉巴马州的塔斯坎比亚，出生时是一个健康的婴儿。在她十九个月大时，她生了一场重病。这场疾病使她失明并失聪。她生活在一个充满寂静和黑暗的世界里，她用余生努力突破它。 海伦六岁时，她的父母聘请了一位名叫安妮·沙利文的老师来帮助她。安妮自己曾经也失明过，她理解海伦的痛苦。她开始用手指在海伦的手心拼写单词来教她。起初，海伦不明白这些字母是什么意思。有一天，安妮带海伦来到一个水泵旁。当清凉的水溅到海伦的手上时，安妮在她的另一只手上拼写了W-A-T-E-R。突然，海伦的脑海中有什么东西豁然开朗。她终于明白了这些字母代表的是流过她手上的水。那一天，她学会了三十个新单词。 从那一刻起，海伦下定决心要学习她能学的一切。她学会了阅读盲文，用特殊的打字机写作，甚至学会了说话。她上了大学，成为第一个获得文学学士学位的盲聋人。她写了许多书，包括她著名的自传《我生活的故事》。她周游世界，会见总统，发表演讲鼓励残疾人。 海伦·凯勒曾说过：“世界上最美好的事物是看不见也摸不着的——它们必须用心去感受。”她的一生有力地提醒我们：只要我们有勇气和决心，没有什么困难是无法克服的。 Passage B The Mountain Teacher Who Changed Thousands of Lives 导读：张桂梅是云南省丽江市华坪县的一名普通教师，但她做的事情却一点也不普通。她看到许多贫困山区的女孩因为家庭贫困而无法上学，于是决心创办一所免费的女子高中。2008年，她创办了全国第一所免费女子高中——华坪女子高级中学。十几年来，这所学校帮助了1800多名女孩走进大学，改变了她们的命运。张桂梅的故事感动了全中国，她被授予“时代楷模”称号。她用行动告诉我们：一个人真的可以改变世界。 体裁：时文阅读　 难度：★★★★　 词数：约200词 In a small mountain area in Yunnan Province, there is a special high school. It is the Huaping High School for Girls. Over the past twelve years, it has changed the fate of more than 1,800 girls by sending them to universities. Zhang Guimei is the headmaster of this school. She came to Huaping to teach twenty years ago. She noticed that many girls in her class would suddenly stop coming to school. After some investigation, she learned that these girls were from very poor families. Their parents asked them to work or get married at a young age. Zhang was very sad. She believed that every girl should have the chance to study. She said, “We often say that we want every child to have a fair start. But these poor girls don‘t even have a chance to stand on the starting line.” Zhang decided to change this. She spent years trying to raise money. Finally, in 2008, she set up China’s first and only free public high school for girls. Zhang gets up at 5 a.m. every day to turn on the lights on each floor of the teaching building. She says many girls are timid, so she wants them to feel safer on their way to classes. After years of tiring work, Zhang is now in poor health, but the school and the children matter more than anything else in her mind. Zhang‘s story has warmed hearts all around China. Many of her former students have chosen to return to the school as teachers. One of them, Zhou Yunli, said, “Without Ms. Zhang, I would be nobody. When you become strong, you must remember to help others. This is what Ms. Zhang taught us.” 【重难生词】 1. fate n. 命运 例句：She believes that education can change a person‘s fate.（她相信教育可以改变一个人的命运。） 2. headmaster n. 校长（英式） 例句：The headmaster gave a speech at the opening ceremony.（校长在开学典礼上发表了讲话。） 3. investigation n. 调查 例句：The police are doing an investigation into the accident.（警方正在对这起事故进行调查。） 4. fair adj. 公平的 例句：Everyone should have a fair chance to succeed.（每个人都应该有公平的成功机会。） 5. raise v. 筹集；举起 例句：They raised money to build a new library.（他们筹集资金建了一座新图书馆。） 6. set up 短语 建立；创办 例句：She set up a small business last year.（她去年创办了一家小公司。） 7. timid adj. 胆怯的；害羞的 例句：The little girl was too timid to speak in class.（小女孩太胆怯了，不敢在课堂上发言。） 8. matter v. 要紧；重要 例句：Your health matters more than anything else.（你的健康比什么都重要。） 9. former adj. 以前的；前任的 例句：She is a former student of this school.（她是这所学校以前的学生。） 10. contribution n. 贡献 例句：She has made great contributions to education.（她为教育做出了巨大贡献。） 11. dedication n. 奉献；献身 例句：Her dedication to teaching has inspired many young people.（她对教学的奉献激励了许多年轻人。） 12. chance n. 机会 例句：Give me a chance to explain.（给我一个解释的机会。） 13. start n. 起点；开始 例句：Everyone deserves a fair start in life.（每个人都应该有一个公平的人生起点。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. Zhang Guimei is the __________ of Huaping High School for Girls. 2. She spent years trying to __________ money to build the school. 3. In 2008, she __________ the first free high school for girls in China. 4. Zhang says many girls are __________, so she turns on the lights early every morning. 5. Her __________ to education has inspired thousands of people. 【长难句分析】 第1句： We often say that we want every child to have a fair start. But these poor girls don’t even have a chance to stand on the starting line. · 翻译： 我们常说想让每个孩子都有一个公平的起点。但这些贫困的女孩连站在起跑线上的机会都没有。 · 重点： 第一句是主从复合句，that 引导宾语从句，want sb. to do sth. 是“想让某人做某事”的固定搭配。第二句用 But 形成强烈转折，not even 意为“甚至连……都没有”，加强语气。have a chance to do sth. 意为“有机会做某事”。starting line 本意是赛跑的“起跑线”，这里用作比喻，指人生中公平竞争的机会。张桂梅用这个比喻来说明贫困女孩连最基本的受教育机会都被剥夺了，具有强烈的感染力。 第2句： After years of tiring work, Zhang is now in poor health, but the school and the children matter more than anything else in her mind. · 翻译： 经过多年的劳累工作，张桂梅现在身体状况很差，但在她心中，学校和孩子们比任何事情都重要。 · 重点： 这是一个由 but 连接的并列复合句。前半句中 After years of tiring work 是时间状语，in poor health 是介词短语作表语，表示“身体状况不佳”。后半句中 matter 是动词，意为“要紧；重要”，more than anything else 是比较结构，意为“比任何其他事情都更重要”。in her mind 是状语，表示“在她心中”。整句话通过转折对比，突出了张桂梅即使身体不好也把学生放在首位的奉献精神，呼应了单元大问题“What makes people admirable?”。 【中文翻译】 在云南省的一个小山区里，有一所特殊的中学。它就是华坪女子高级中学。在过去的十二年里，它改变了1800多名女孩的命运，把她们送进了大学。 张桂梅是这所学校的校长。二十年前，她来到华坪教书。她注意到班上许多女孩会突然不来上学了。经过一番调查，她了解到这些女孩来自非常贫困的家庭。她们的父母让她们在很小的时候就去打工或结婚。张桂梅非常难过。她相信每个女孩都应该有上学的机会。她说：“我们常说想让每个孩子都有一个公平的起点。但这些贫困的女孩连站在起跑线上的机会都没有。” 张桂梅决定改变这一切。她花了多年时间努力筹集资金。终于在2008年，她创办了中国第一所也是唯一一所免费女子公立高中。张桂梅每天早上5点起床，打开教学楼每一层的灯。她说很多女孩都很胆怯，她想让她们在去上课的路上感到更安全。经过多年的劳累工作，张桂梅现在身体状况很差，但在她心中，学校和孩子们比任何事情都重要。 张桂梅的故事温暖了全中国的心。她的许多学生毕业后选择回到学校当老师。其中一位叫周云丽的学生说：“没有张老师，我什么都不是。当你变得强大时，你必须记得帮助别人。这是张老师教给我们的。” 一、阅读理解 Passage A “To be or not to be, that is the question.” You may know this line comes from Hamlet, but you might not know it was written by William Shakespeare, one of the greatest English writers in history. Shakespeare was born in 1564 in England. His family once lived a comfortable life, but later his father’s business failed. He had to leave school and make a living on his own. He moved to London and worked as a playwright for nearly 30 years. During this time, he created many world-famous works, including the four great comedies (喜剧) and four great tragedies (悲剧). Hamlet is among the four great tragedies. Shakespeare has a great influence on the English language. First, he created more than 300 new words and many useful classic expressions. People still use them today. Second, his works talked about common ideas like love, hate and human troubles. That’s why they are translated into many languages. ▲ Before him, traditional plays only told simple moral (道德的) stories, but his works showed people’s true feelings. His new forms of drama set good examples to later playwrights. William Shakespeare passed away at the age of 52. Surprisingly, the date of his death, 23rd April, was also his birthday. However, what caused his death still remains a mystery today. Each year around the 23rd April, the streets of Stratford-upon-Avon are always filled with music, songs and performers to honour the memory of William Shakespeare. 1．When did William Shakespeare die? A．In 1564. B．In 1594. C．In 1616. D．In 1654. 2．Which sentence can be put in the “ ▲ ”? A．Third, he changed Western plays a lot. B．Besides, he once taught people how to perform. C．Third, he preferred traditional plays to modern plays. D．Besides, he wrote many great plays for London theatres. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Shakespeare lived a comfortable life all the time. B．Shakespeare’s classic expressions are still popular now. C．People remember Shakespeare’s life every May. D．People have found out the cause of Shakespeare’s death. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Career—Shakespeare’s Road of Creation B．Shakespeare—A Bright Star in Literature C．A Hard Time—Shakespeare’s Childhood D．An Unknown Mystery—Shakespeare’s Death Passage B 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds. Over the years, he collected many important seeds for China’s seed banks. These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a deep love for and curiosity about the things he studied. He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants. The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus of his life after he became a professor at Fudan University. It is important for seed banks to include many different kinds of seeds. When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research on the seeds from Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work. Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work. He began a programme to find and train local students in field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from over 1,000 types of plants. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China. Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. His love for his job and research lives on in his students. He once said, “My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration, and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now.” 1．What does the word “There” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Zhong Yang’s hometown. B．The university he entered at the age of 15. C．Fudan University. D．A seed bank in Yunnan. 2．Paragraph 4 is mainly about ________. A．how to build a large seed bank B．why Xizang has over 1,000 types of plants C．how Zhong Yang trained students and what the team achieved D．the new plants found in China for the first time 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Zhong Yang first studied plants at university. B．He collected 40 million seeds all by himself. C．He gave up travelling after falling sick in Xizang. D．Zhong Yang died at the age of 53. 4．What can we learn from Zhong Yang’s words at the end of the text? A．His dream and work will keep growing through the people he trained. B．The seeds in the bank will grow into big forests in 100 years. C．His students will carry seeds to every country in the world. D．He hopes his students will live for hundreds of years. Passage C Luosongdi Primary School is located in Yunnan Province. The story of 57-year-old Nong Jiagui, who has been teaching at this school for 38 years, is truly inspiring. Before 2020, he was the only teacher here. Luosongdi village is a special village. In the 1950s, it was a place to offer help to people with leprosy (麻风病). At that time, few people outside the village were willing to go near it. When Nong first arrived in 1986, he was also scared and even tried to leave. However, during his first class, he saw the strong desire for knowledge in the children’s eyes. This made him decide to stay. Over the years, Nong has not only taught the children but also got along well with the villagers. With his help, more than 100 children have graduated from the school to receive further education. His efforts have made the village more open to the outside world. In 2023, Nong became a deputy to the National People’s Congress (全国人大代表). He actively collected opinions from many people and voiced their concerns in the Congress. Although he cared about many things, education was what he cared about the most. So he put forward useful suggestions about education during the Congress. Nong Jiagui, born in 1966, was named one of the 2024 National Role Models for Teaching and Educating People. He firmly said, “As long as one child in the village needs me, I will keep on teaching.” He will always be the guardian (守护者) of the children in the village, and his story will continue to inspire more people. 1．How long has Nong Jiagui been teaching at Luosongdi Primary School? A．20 years. B．38 years. C．50 years. D．57 years. 2．Why didn’t people outside Luosongdi village want to go near it in the 1950s? A．Because it was hard to reach. B．Because it was a very poor village. C．Because there were no good schools. D．Because it was a place for people with leprosy. 3．What made Nong Jiagui decide to stay in the village? A．The high pay for teaching. B．The beautiful scenery in the village. C．The children’s strong desire for knowledge. D．The good living conditions and friendly people in the village. 4．What does Nong Jiagui’s story tell us? A．It’s easy to be a famous person. B．Teaching is the most important job in the world. C．A teacher’s love and dedication can have a great influence. D．People should always run away from difficult situations. Passage D When Wang Hong accepted the Fields Medal (菲尔兹奖) in Philadelphia in July 2026, many people in China felt proud. The prize is often described as one of the highest honors in mathematics. But for Wang, the road to that moment was not a straight line. It looked more like the famous “needle” (针) in the Kakeya conjecture (挂谷猜想): it kept turning, testing new directions before finding enough space. Wang grew up in Pingle County, Guangxi. When she was four, her arm was badly hurt by boiling water. For years, her parents took her from hospital to hospital. Because her skin was sensitive (敏感的) to light, she spent much time indoors. This difficult experience did not close her world. Instead, it helped her learn how to be alone, how to read by herself and how to shut out noise. In primary school, she skipped (跳过) two grades. Her father, a maths teacher, opened the door to numbers for her. Her mother, an English teacher, gave her an early interest in language. Wang later said that maths was one way for her to understand the world. As a child, she was excited when she solved a problem about seven points on a plane. Her parents did not push her along a fixed road. They gave her freedom, which became an important kind of support. At middle school, Wang was not a simple “exam machine”. She loved asking questions and sometimes thought about easy problems in surprisingly complex ways. After entering Guilin Middle School at 13, she was younger and smaller than most classmates. Once, a classmate laughed at her for raising her hand too often. Her teacher Tang Nianhua comforted her and helped her learn both to speak bravely and to listen carefully. Wang joined a “Daily Problem” group, where her mathematical thinking grew sharper. At Peking University, Wang did not first enter the maths school she wanted. Surrounded by classmates with years of competition training, she began to doubt herself. Still, she could not give up maths. She studied hard enough to transfer into (转入) the School of Mathematical Sciences. Later, in Paris and at MIT, she still wondered whether she was only good at exercises or truly able to do research. She even stopped maths for a while and explored art and architecture (建筑). In the end, she returned. “In mathematics, I can freely build anything without asking anyone for permission,” she once said. Years of doubt, detours (弯路) and repeated trying did not pull her away from the problem. They helped her come back to it with a quieter and stronger mind. When fame finally arrived, Wang remained low-key (低调). Her advice to students was simple: if you gain something in the end, it does not matter whether you are faster or slower. Do not rush. Take your time. 1．Why does the writer compare Wang Hong’s life to the “needle” in the Kakeya conjecture? A．Because she never gave up even when she faced difficulties. B．Because she was very thin and small when she was young. C．Because she liked to solve hard problems. D．Because she changed directions many times before finally finding her way. 2．What can we infer about the freedom Wang’s parents gave her? A．It helped her develop the habit of thinking about problems in surprising ways. B．It showed that they trusted her to make decisions about her own studies. C．It allowed her to develop her own interests without being pushed into a fixed path. D．It allowed her to skip grades and enter different schools at a young age. 3．What do we know about Wang Hong’s middle school life? A．She was taught by her parents to think in unusual ways. B．She showed a habit of thinking differently from others about simple questions. C．She was often laughed at because she asked too many questions. D．She was younger than her classmates, so she had to work much harder than them. 4．What is the main message of this passage? A．Hard work is the only thing that matters for success. B．A successful person never changes their mind or direction. C．People may have doubts, take different paths, and still achieve great things in the end. D．Teachers and parents are the most important people in a student’s life. 二、阅读填空 Passage A On March 4th, 2025, the Pritzker Architecture (建筑) Prize was given to 69-year-old Liu Jiakun. The prize, which was set up in 1979, is the highest prize in architecture. Liu is the fifty-fourth winner of this award. 1 Before him, Wang Shu won the award in 2012. Liu is famous for designing public spaces in cities. He always creates places for people to gather and enjoy nature. 2 This five-floor building was built in 2015. It features paths for walking and biking. Inside, there are spaces for culture, sports and business. It also offers a beautiful view of local natural and man-made environments. Born in Chengdu in 1956, Liu spent much of his childhood exploring the hospital where his mother worked. He loved climbing onto rooftops to see the city’s mix of traditional homes and modern buildings. 3 As an architect, Liu doesn’t want a strong personal style. 4 So he pays more attention to understanding each place and its needs. He also tries to balance China’s traditional architecture with modern technology. “Traditional architecture is great, but it’s a product of its time,” Liu said. 5 Liu also believes that cities should be places for people, not just buildings. Only in this way can a city grow in a healthy way. A．He is the second Chinese citizen to receive the prize. B．Architects around the world all hope to get this award. C．Instead, he hopes his work can fit the local conditions. D．These early experiences developed his interest in architecture. E．One of his best-known projects is West Village in Chengdu. F．However, he spends much time studying famous western buildings. G．He takes the best parts of traditional architecture and presents them in a modern way. Passage B In high school, Zhan Tianyou became fascinated by modern science and the American railroad system. At the Philadelphia World Fair (费城世界博览会), he felt sad seeing China exhibit only traditional items like tea and silk, while other nations displayed advanced technology. 1 Driven by this contrast and encouragement from his friend Mrs Northrop, Zhan decided to major in civil engineering. He believed railways were key to China’s growth, just as they were for America. 2 At 17, Zhan entered Yale University. His hard work earned him a scholarship and a maths medal. He graduated with top grades in 1881. When the Qing government recalled Chinese students that summer, only Zhan and one other had completed their degrees. 3 Returning home with great ambition, Zhan began working on railway projects in 1888. He achieved fame by building the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway through extremely difficult terrain. 4 This success proved Chinese engineers could solve complex problems independently. Known as the “Father of China’s Railways”, Zhan served his country for 31 years, improving millions of lives. 5 A．This realization gave him a clear goal: to bring modern technology back to China. B．His legacy remains a testament to patriotism and perseverance (锲而不舍). C．This sharp contrast strengthened his determination to change his nation’s situation. D．Despite the sudden recall, he never gave up his dream of serving China. E．There, he overcame huge challenges to complete the project ahead of schedule. F．Many other students chose to stay in the US for better opportunities. Passage C 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 On June 9, 2026, two teenagers from Shanghai made headlines across the country. Wu Yulun and Xin Ziyu had just finished their college entrance exams. 1 A heavy flood had hit parts of Guangxi, and many people were in need of help. When the two boys heard about this, they decided to do something. 2 They told their parents they were going on a trip to Wuxi, but in fact they took a train to Guangxi. Their parents were surprised when they found out the truth. “They had never done anything like this before,” said Wu’s father. “But they were so determined. We couldn’t say no.” The two boys traveled for hours to reach the flood-hit area. 1 They unloaded supplies, helped build temporary shelters, and delivered food to families in need. They worked from morning until night. “At first, people were surprised to see us,” said Xin. “They asked, ‘You’re just kids. Why are you here?’ But after a few days, they treated us like family.” 1 Many people were moved by their story. “These two young people show us what true courage looks like,” one netizen wrote. Wu and Xin didn’t see themselves as heroes. “We just wanted to help,” they said. 2 A．They didn’t go on vacation like most of their classmates. B．They didn’t tell anyone they were leaving. C．In fact, they took a train to Guangxi and joined the rescue efforts. D．Their story was shared widely on social media. E．They were too young to be volunteers. F．They worked side by side with local volunteers. G．They hope more young people will volunteer in times of need. 二、完形填空 Passage A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Recently, a painting of “Tian’anmen” in Wuying Village, Shangqiu, Henan, has attracted many visitors. The 1 painting is 18 metres long and 8 metres high, covering a total area of 144 square metres. The farmer and artist, Wu Chengyan, created the painting to help 2 villagers realize their dream of “seeing Tian’anmen”. Many old people gathered in front of the painting, and the touching story won widespread 3 online. Wu Chengyan, 39, has loved painting since 4 . As a little boy, he often drew on the ground with a stick. Last year, he started doing wall paintings in villages. One day, an old villager said visiting Tian’anmen in Beijing was his lifelong wish. His words 5 Wu. Knowing that many elderly villagers had never travelled far, Wu decided to bring “Tian’anmen” to them, 6 they could ever make the trip or not. He worked on it for five days, painting about eight hours each day. After finishing it, he invited over ten elderly villagers to take pictures together. Some could 7 walk, and he brought them in wheelchairs (轮椅). Many people had tears in their eyes and said, “This looks just like Beijing!” and “My wish for this year has 8 .” So far, Wu has created 40 to 50 wall paintings in his village, often showing subjects the elderly 9 , such as famous sights and people. “I want to help them see more of the world’s beauty,” Wu said. Wu shows that art is not just for galleries (画廊). With a brush and a 10 heart, he turns walls into windows of hope. 1．A．ancient B．whole C．small 2．A．young B．rich C．elderly 3．A．praise B．trouble C．record 4．A．marriage B．childhood C．midnight 5．A．destroyed B．inspired C．reported 6．A．whether B．although C．since 7．A．quickly B．normally C．hardly 8．A．lived on B．come true C．dropped out 9．A．admire B．copy C．fear 10．A．wounded B．lonely C．kind Passage B As the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine”, Huang Xuhua put his whole life into making China stronger. Born in Guangdong Province, Huang grew up in the shadow (影子) of wars. These painful memories drove him to study hard and decide to use 1 to protect his country. In the 1950s, it was a(an) 2 job for China to develop nuclear submarines without advanced technology or enough support. However, Huang Xuhua and his team were not 3 these challenges. In those 20 years, they 4 lots of difficulties. For example, in order to keep the project 5 , they cut off social connections with the outside world, even their family. Also, foreign researchers didn’t offer any help 6 they had to do research by themselves. And another problem was that they must make sure the submarine can stay safe underwater. After many tests, they 7 overcame these problems. In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully, making China the fifth country with this technology. Besides, Huang 8 over 20 million yuan to scientific research, popular science and education. Because of 9 great achievements, he was awarded the title of the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest honor, in 2019. Now, his 10 encourages young people to face challenges bravely and work hard. In this way, his spirit will live on forever. 1．A．influence B．knowledge C．pleasure 2．A．challenging B．inspiring C．amazing 3．A．scared of B．responsible for C．satisfied with 4．A．avoided B．met C．hid 5．A．simple B．serious C．secret 6．A．so B．if C．but 7．A．easily B．clearly C．finally 8．A．put away B．threw away C．gave away 9．A．his B．our C．their 10．A．brain B．spirit C．skill Passage C Shen Kuo was a brilliant scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was not only a government official but also a scientist, astronomer, and writer. His book Dream Pool Essays covered a wide range of topics, from astronomy to geology. During his career, Shen Kuo often questioned traditional beliefs. For example, he described the 1 of fossils in mountainous areas and concluded that the land had changed over time. This idea was far ahead of his era. However, his innovative thinking brought him 2 from conservative officials who preferred old theories. They thought he was being too 3 and criticized him openly. Despite the pressure, Shen Kuo remained 4 in his research. He improved the astronomical instruments and made accurate 5 of the stars. He also discovered the magnetic declination of compass needles, a finding that 6 later scientists around the world. Shen Kuo’s 7 went beyond science. He was also a skilled poet and calligrapher. His works 8 a deep influence on both Chinese culture and scientific thought. Today, he is 9 as one of the greatest minds in ancient China. His curiosity and courage to challenge norms 10 us to think independently. 1．A．reaction B．discovery C．invention D．collection 2．A．praise B．support C．trouble D．pleasure 3．A．careful B．brave C．modest D．creative 4．A．interested B．honest C．focused D．confused 5．A．observations B．decisions C．suggestions D．predictions 6．A．surprised B．inspired C．worried D．challenged 7．A．talents B．efforts C．dreams D．goals 8．A．made B．became C．left D．showed 9．A．chosen B．remembered C．treated D．served 10．A．encourage B．force C．order D．allow 三、任务型阅读 Passage A Recently, a video of “Xiang Yu” became very popular on Chinese social media. During a “Su Chao” (Jiangsu City Football League) match in Suqian, an actor dressed as the ancient warrior Xiang Yu appeared on the field riding a war cart. He shouted, “I, Xiang Yu, have returned!” Thousands of fans cheered loudly. Suqian is Xiang Yu’s real hometown, so many people were moved. The videos were watched over 800 million times online. So, who was the real Xiang Yu? He was a great warrior who lived more than 2,000 years ago. He came from a noble (贵族的) family in the State of Chu. He was very tall and very strong. It was said that he could lift a heavy bronze pot with his own hands. In a famous battle, Xiang Yu led his soldiers across a river to help an ally (盟友). After they crossed, he ordered his men to destroy (摧毁) all their cooking pots and boats. He told them, “We will either win or die. There is no way back!” His soldiers fought with all their strength, and they won a great victory. However, Xiang Yu was sometimes too proud and didn’t take good advice. In the end, Xiang Yu lost the war. At his saddest moment, he chose to end his own life by the Wu River. Today, many people still respect Xiang as a true hero. They think highly of his courage and truthfulness. People call him the “Hegemon King of Western Chu (西楚霸王)”. His spirit and story make people feel strong, just as the crowds in Suqian showed when they welcomed their hero home. 1．Where is Xiang Yu’s real hometown? 2．How many times were the videos about “Xiang Yu” watched online? 3．What did Xiang Yu order his men to do after they crossed the river? 4．Why did Xiang Yu lose the war according to the passage? 5．Do you think Xiang Yu was a true hero? Why or why not? Passage B Ye Shengtao was a great Chinese educator, writer and publisher (出版者). He was born in 1894 in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Ye had a great influence (影响) on modern Chinese education. After leaving Grassbridge Middle School in 1911, Ye began to teach at a primary school in his hometown and later at a school in Shanghai. At that time, his students spent most of their time copying long texts without understanding their meanings. Ye thought that was not quite good. He believed education was not simply about getting knowledge. Then he began to use a new teaching way. He taught students how to learn, instead of simply what to learn. As a famous modern fairy tale (童话) writer, Ye Shengtao has left lots of great works for Chinese children. In 1921, he finished his first fairy tale Little White Boat. This, along with the other 22 fairy tales, made up the fairy tale collection The Scarecrow, which came out in 1923. Now, the book is still widely popular among children. Ye’s fairy tales are not hard to understand for children. Moreover, children can learn about the world from them and think more about life. During his lifetime, Ye also worked hard at editing (编辑) and publishing. He tried his best to popularize vernacular Chinese (白话文) and help develop Pinyin, which helped the development of the modern Chinese language. As an editor, he discovered and encouraged many young talents, such as Ba Jin and Ding Ling, who later became famous writers too. Ye Shengtao died in 1988, but his ideas and works continue to shine today. 1．Was Ye Shengtao once a teacher? 2．How was Ye’s teaching way different from the traditional way? 3．What are Ye’s main achievements in Chinese literature (文学) according to the passage? 4．What do you think of Ye’s teaching way? Please explain. (about 30 words) Passage C What makes a person from a small European country fall so deeply in love with Chinese culture? For Krasznahorkai, a famous Hungarian writer, the answer began with a trip in 1991. Back then, he traveled to China as a reporter. He was so moved by what he saw. After he returned home, he didn’t just keep China in his memory—he brought Chinese culture into his daily life. He asked his whole family to eat with chopsticks. When they went out to eat, he always chose Chinese food. At home, he often listened to Beijing opera. Wherever he went, he collected books about China and followed news about China. He also often mentioned China in conversations. His love grew even stronger over time. He became crazy about ancient Chinese culture. He read Laozi’s Tao Te Ching and fell in love with the poet Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty. He loves Li Bai for his courage and free spirit. To feel closer to him, Krasznahorkai took a long journey across China, following the very places Li Bai had once traveled to. He even gave himself a Chinese name, “Haoqiu”, which means “beautiful hill”. That name shows his respect for Confucius. He has published many novels since his first novel came out in 1977. On October 9, 2025, he won the Nobel Prize in Literature. In a 2017 interview, he thanked Chinese readers who love Hungarian books. His love for Chinese culture has truly brought the two literary worlds together. His story teaches us: When you truly love something, it becomes a part of who you are. 1．What made Krasznahorkai fall deeply in love with Chinese culture? 2．What did Krasznahorkai do to bring Chinese culture into his daily life after he went back home?（写出一项即可) 3．Why did Krasznahorkai love the poet Li Bai? 4．What does Krasznahorkai’s Chinese name “Haoqiu” mean? 5．What lesson can we learn from Krasznahorkai’s story? $ Unit 2 Inspiring People话题阅读任务单 Unit 2 Inspiring People 本单元围绕“激励人心的人物”这一主题展开，该主题与课标要求的“人与社会”主题范畴中的子话题“对世界、国家、人民和社会进步有突出贡献的人物”及“人物品格与家国情怀”密切相关。通过前一单元的学习，学生已初步掌握描述社会变化与发展的语言能力，能够运用现在完成时和used to等结构表达变迁与对比。而本单元将视角从“世界的变化”转向“推动变化的人”，引导学生认识中外各领域杰出人物及其卓越成就，感悟他们身上坚守信念、勇于探索、无私奉献、坚持不懈的精神品质。因此，本单元主要帮助学生学会用英语描述人物事迹、评价人物品质、表达敬佩之情，培养文化意识与思维品质。本单元的大问题“Who inspires us?”启发学生思考榜样的力量及其对个人成长的激励意义。Section A和Section B分别以“Who do we admire?”和“What makes people admirable?”两个引导性问题架构板块内容，并层层深入，指向单元大问题的回答。Section A首先呈现了科学家、工程师、历史人物、航天员等多领域榜样人物，让学生通过听说活动学会描述人物身份、成就并表达敬佩之情，聚焦“It is + adj. + (for/of) sb. + to do sth.”等核心句型。Section B通过深度阅读中国榜样纪实文本，引导学生从行为表层深入到精神内核，探究榜样人物背后的品质与价值观。写作环节要求学生写一篇人物介绍短文，描述自己敬佩的人及其可贵品质。本部分侧重探讨榜样精神对个人价值观形成和社会进步的深远影响。 Passage A The Girl Who Learned to See Without Eyes — The Story of Helen Keller 导读：海伦·凯勒（Helen Keller，1880—1968）是美国著名作家、教育家和社会活动家。她在19个月大时因疾病失去了视力和听力，世界对她来说变成了一片黑暗与寂静。然而，在老师安妮·沙利文的帮助下，她学会了阅读、写作和说话，最终成为20世纪最伟大的励志人物之一。她的故事告诉我们：勇气不是没有恐惧，而是战胜恐惧。 体裁：经典人物传记 难度：★★★★　 词数：约210词 Helen Keller was born a healthy baby in Tuscumbia, Alabama, on June 27, 1880. At the age of nineteen months, she became very sick. The illness caused her to become blind and deaf. She lived in a world of silence and darkness, and she spent the rest of her life struggling to break through it. When Helen was six years old, her parents hired a teacher named Anne Sullivan to help her. Anne herself had once been blind, and she understood Helen‘s pain. She began teaching Helen by spelling words into her hand with her fingers. At first, Helen could not understand what the letters meant. One day, Anne took Helen to a water pump. As the cool water splashed over Helen’s hand, Anne spelled W-A-T-E-R into her other hand. Suddenly, something clicked in Helen‘s mind. She finally understood that the letters stood for the water flowing over her hand. That day, she learned thirty new words. From that moment on, Helen was determined to learn everything she could. She learned to read Braille, write with a special typewriter, and even speak. She went to college and became the first deaf-blind person to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree. She wrote many books, including her famous autobiography The Story of My Life. She traveled around the world, meeting presidents and giving speeches to encourage people with disabilities. Helen Keller once said, “The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched — they must be felt with the heart.” Her life is a powerful reminder that no difficulty is too great to overcome if we have courage and determination. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【重难生词】 1. blind adj. 失明的；瞎的 例句：He became blind after the accident.（事故后他失明了。） 2. deaf adj. 聋的 例句：She has been deaf since birth.（她天生失聪。） 3. struggle v. 努力；挣扎 例句：He struggled to finish the race.（他努力跑完了比赛。） 4. hire v. 雇用；聘请 例句：The company hired three new workers.（公司雇了三名新工人。） 5. spell v. 拼写 例句：Can you spell your name, please?（请拼写你的名字好吗？） 6. splash v. 泼洒；溅起 例句：The children splashed water at each other.（孩子们互相泼水。） 7. determined adj. 坚定的；有决心的 例句：She is determined to become a doctor.（她决心成为一名医生。） 8. disability n. 残疾；缺陷 例句：People with disabilities should be treated equally.（残疾人应该受到平等对待。） 9. autobiography n. 自传 例句：He wrote his autobiography when he was seventy.（他七十岁时写了自传。） 10. overcome v. 克服；战胜 例句：We can overcome any difficulty if we work together.（只要齐心协力，我们能克服任何困难。） 11. courage n. 勇气 例句：It takes courage to speak in public.（当众演讲需要勇气。） 12. reminder n. 提醒物；提示 例句：This photo is a reminder of our happy holiday.（这张照片是我们快乐假期的纪念。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空） 1. Helen became __________ and __________ after her illness. 2. Her parents __________ a teacher to help her learn. 3. Anne __________ the word W-A-T-E-R into Helen‘s hand. 4. Helen was __________ to learn everything she could. 5. Helen Keller’s life is a __________ that courage can overcome any difficulty. 参考答案：1. blind, deaf　2. hired　3. spelled　4. determined　5. reminder 【长难句分析】 第1句： She lived in a world of silence and darkness, and she spent the rest of her life struggling to break through it. · 翻译： 她生活在一个充满寂静和黑暗的世界里，她用余生努力突破它。 · 重点： 这是一个由 and 连接的并列复合句。前半句“She lived in a world of silence and darkness”是主谓宾结构，silence 和 darkness 并列作 of 的宾语，描述她所处的世界。后半句“she spent the rest of her life struggling to break through it”中，spend time doing sth. 是固定搭配，struggling to break through it 是现在分词短语，说明她如何度过余生；break through 意为“突破；冲破”，it 指代前文的“a world of silence and darkness”。 第2句： Her life is a powerful reminder that no difficulty is too great to overcome if we have courage and determination. · 翻译： 她的一生有力地提醒我们：只要我们有勇气和决心，没有什么困难是无法克服的。 · 重点： 这是一个包含同位语从句和条件状语从句的复合句。主句为“Her life is a powerful reminder”，that 引导的同位语从句“no difficulty is too great to overcome”解释说明 reminder 的具体内容。从句中使用了 too... to... 结构，意为“太……而不能……”，但此处与 no 连用，构成双重否定，表示“没有困难是太大而无法克服的”，即“任何困难都能克服”。句末 if we have courage and determination 是条件状语从句，说明克服困难的前提条件。 【中文翻译】 海伦·凯勒于1880年6月27日出生在阿拉巴马州的塔斯坎比亚，出生时是一个健康的婴儿。在她十九个月大时，她生了一场重病。这场疾病使她失明并失聪。她生活在一个充满寂静和黑暗的世界里，她用余生努力突破它。 海伦六岁时，她的父母聘请了一位名叫安妮·沙利文的老师来帮助她。安妮自己曾经也失明过，她理解海伦的痛苦。她开始用手指在海伦的手心拼写单词来教她。起初，海伦不明白这些字母是什么意思。有一天，安妮带海伦来到一个水泵旁。当清凉的水溅到海伦的手上时，安妮在她的另一只手上拼写了W-A-T-E-R。突然，海伦的脑海中有什么东西豁然开朗。她终于明白了这些字母代表的是流过她手上的水。那一天，她学会了三十个新单词。 从那一刻起，海伦下定决心要学习她能学的一切。她学会了阅读盲文，用特殊的打字机写作，甚至学会了说话。她上了大学，成为第一个获得文学学士学位的盲聋人。她写了许多书，包括她著名的自传《我生活的故事》。她周游世界，会见总统，发表演讲鼓励残疾人。 海伦·凯勒曾说过：“世界上最美好的事物是看不见也摸不着的——它们必须用心去感受。”她的一生有力地提醒我们：只要我们有勇气和决心，没有什么困难是无法克服的。 Passage B The Mountain Teacher Who Changed Thousands of Lives 导读：张桂梅是云南省丽江市华坪县的一名普通教师，但她做的事情却一点也不普通。她看到许多贫困山区的女孩因为家庭贫困而无法上学，于是决心创办一所免费的女子高中。2008年，她创办了全国第一所免费女子高中——华坪女子高级中学。十几年来，这所学校帮助了1800多名女孩走进大学，改变了她们的命运。张桂梅的故事感动了全中国，她被授予“时代楷模”称号。她用行动告诉我们：一个人真的可以改变世界。 体裁：时文阅读　 难度：★★★★　 词数：约200词 In a small mountain area in Yunnan Province, there is a special high school. It is the Huaping High School for Girls. Over the past twelve years, it has changed the fate of more than 1,800 girls by sending them to universities. Zhang Guimei is the headmaster of this school. She came to Huaping to teach twenty years ago. She noticed that many girls in her class would suddenly stop coming to school. After some investigation, she learned that these girls were from very poor families. Their parents asked them to work or get married at a young age. Zhang was very sad. She believed that every girl should have the chance to study. She said, “We often say that we want every child to have a fair start. But these poor girls don‘t even have a chance to stand on the starting line.” Zhang decided to change this. She spent years trying to raise money. Finally, in 2008, she set up China’s first and only free public high school for girls. Zhang gets up at 5 a.m. every day to turn on the lights on each floor of the teaching building. She says many girls are timid, so she wants them to feel safer on their way to classes. After years of tiring work, Zhang is now in poor health, but the school and the children matter more than anything else in her mind. Zhang‘s story has warmed hearts all around China. Many of her former students have chosen to return to the school as teachers. One of them, Zhou Yunli, said, “Without Ms. Zhang, I would be nobody. When you become strong, you must remember to help others. This is what Ms. Zhang taught us.” 【重难生词】 1. fate n. 命运 例句：She believes that education can change a person‘s fate.（她相信教育可以改变一个人的命运。） 2. headmaster n. 校长（英式） 例句：The headmaster gave a speech at the opening ceremony.（校长在开学典礼上发表了讲话。） 3. investigation n. 调查 例句：The police are doing an investigation into the accident.（警方正在对这起事故进行调查。） 4. fair adj. 公平的 例句：Everyone should have a fair chance to succeed.（每个人都应该有公平的成功机会。） 5. raise v. 筹集；举起 例句：They raised money to build a new library.（他们筹集资金建了一座新图书馆。） 6. set up 短语 建立；创办 例句：She set up a small business last year.（她去年创办了一家小公司。） 7. timid adj. 胆怯的；害羞的 例句：The little girl was too timid to speak in class.（小女孩太胆怯了，不敢在课堂上发言。） 8. matter v. 要紧；重要 例句：Your health matters more than anything else.（你的健康比什么都重要。） 9. former adj. 以前的；前任的 例句：She is a former student of this school.（她是这所学校以前的学生。） 10. contribution n. 贡献 例句：She has made great contributions to education.（她为教育做出了巨大贡献。） 11. dedication n. 奉献；献身 例句：Her dedication to teaching has inspired many young people.（她对教学的奉献激励了许多年轻人。） 12. chance n. 机会 例句：Give me a chance to explain.（给我一个解释的机会。） 13. start n. 起点；开始 例句：Everyone deserves a fair start in life.（每个人都应该有一个公平的人生起点。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. Zhang Guimei is the __________ of Huaping High School for Girls. 2. She spent years trying to __________ money to build the school. 3. In 2008, she __________ the first free high school for girls in China. 4. Zhang says many girls are __________, so she turns on the lights early every morning. 5. Her __________ to education has inspired thousands of people. 参考答案：1. headmaster　2. raise　3. set up　4. timid　5. dedication 【长难句分析】 第1句： We often say that we want every child to have a fair start. But these poor girls don’t even have a chance to stand on the starting line. · 翻译： 我们常说想让每个孩子都有一个公平的起点。但这些贫困的女孩连站在起跑线上的机会都没有。 · 重点： 第一句是主从复合句，that 引导宾语从句，want sb. to do sth. 是“想让某人做某事”的固定搭配。第二句用 But 形成强烈转折，not even 意为“甚至连……都没有”，加强语气。have a chance to do sth. 意为“有机会做某事”。starting line 本意是赛跑的“起跑线”，这里用作比喻，指人生中公平竞争的机会。张桂梅用这个比喻来说明贫困女孩连最基本的受教育机会都被剥夺了，具有强烈的感染力。 第2句： After years of tiring work, Zhang is now in poor health, but the school and the children matter more than anything else in her mind. · 翻译： 经过多年的劳累工作，张桂梅现在身体状况很差，但在她心中，学校和孩子们比任何事情都重要。 · 重点： 这是一个由 but 连接的并列复合句。前半句中 After years of tiring work 是时间状语，in poor health 是介词短语作表语，表示“身体状况不佳”。后半句中 matter 是动词，意为“要紧；重要”，more than anything else 是比较结构，意为“比任何其他事情都更重要”。in her mind 是状语，表示“在她心中”。整句话通过转折对比，突出了张桂梅即使身体不好也把学生放在首位的奉献精神，呼应了单元大问题“What makes people admirable?”。 【中文翻译】 在云南省的一个小山区里，有一所特殊的中学。它就是华坪女子高级中学。在过去的十二年里，它改变了1800多名女孩的命运，把她们送进了大学。 张桂梅是这所学校的校长。二十年前，她来到华坪教书。她注意到班上许多女孩会突然不来上学了。经过一番调查，她了解到这些女孩来自非常贫困的家庭。她们的父母让她们在很小的时候就去打工或结婚。张桂梅非常难过。她相信每个女孩都应该有上学的机会。她说：“我们常说想让每个孩子都有一个公平的起点。但这些贫困的女孩连站在起跑线上的机会都没有。” 张桂梅决定改变这一切。她花了多年时间努力筹集资金。终于在2008年，她创办了中国第一所也是唯一一所免费女子公立高中。张桂梅每天早上5点起床，打开教学楼每一层的灯。她说很多女孩都很胆怯，她想让她们在去上课的路上感到更安全。经过多年的劳累工作，张桂梅现在身体状况很差，但在她心中，学校和孩子们比任何事情都重要。 张桂梅的故事温暖了全中国的心。她的许多学生毕业后选择回到学校当老师。其中一位叫周云丽的学生说：“没有张老师，我什么都不是。当你变得强大时，你必须记得帮助别人。这是张老师教给我们的。” 一、阅读理解 Passage A “To be or not to be, that is the question.” You may know this line comes from Hamlet, but you might not know it was written by William Shakespeare, one of the greatest English writers in history. Shakespeare was born in 1564 in England. His family once lived a comfortable life, but later his father’s business failed. He had to leave school and make a living on his own. He moved to London and worked as a playwright for nearly 30 years. During this time, he created many world-famous works, including the four great comedies (喜剧) and four great tragedies (悲剧). Hamlet is among the four great tragedies. Shakespeare has a great influence on the English language. First, he created more than 300 new words and many useful classic expressions. People still use them today. Second, his works talked about common ideas like love, hate and human troubles. That’s why they are translated into many languages. ▲ Before him, traditional plays only told simple moral (道德的) stories, but his works showed people’s true feelings. His new forms of drama set good examples to later playwrights. William Shakespeare passed away at the age of 52. Surprisingly, the date of his death, 23rd April, was also his birthday. However, what caused his death still remains a mystery today. Each year around the 23rd April, the streets of Stratford-upon-Avon are always filled with music, songs and performers to honour the memory of William Shakespeare. 1．When did William Shakespeare die? A．In 1564. B．In 1594. C．In 1616. D．In 1654. 2．Which sentence can be put in the “ ▲ ”? A．Third, he changed Western plays a lot. B．Besides, he once taught people how to perform. C．Third, he preferred traditional plays to modern plays. D．Besides, he wrote many great plays for London theatres. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Shakespeare lived a comfortable life all the time. B．Shakespeare’s classic expressions are still popular now. C．People remember Shakespeare’s life every May. D．People have found out the cause of Shakespeare’s death. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Career—Shakespeare’s Road of Creation B．Shakespeare—A Bright Star in Literature C．A Hard Time—Shakespeare’s Childhood D．An Unknown Mystery—Shakespeare’s Death 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国伟大作家威廉·莎士比亚的生平、文学成就、对英语语言和戏剧的影响，以及他去世的相关信息。 【详解】 1．根据第四段第一句“William Shakespeare passed away at the age of 52.”和第二段第一句“Shakespeare was born in 1564 in England.”可知，莎士比亚生于1564年，享年52岁，因此去世年份为1564+52=1616年。 2．根据第三段内容，前两点分别讲他创造新词和作品主题普遍，而空后提到“Before him, traditional plays only told simple moral stories, but his works showed people’s true feelings. His new forms of drama set good examples to later playwrights.”，说明此处应介绍他对戏剧形式的革新，A项“Third, he changed Western plays a lot.”（第三，他极大地改变了西方戏剧）符合上下文逻辑。 3．根据第三段第二句“he created more than 300 new words and many useful classic expressions. People still use them today.”可知，莎士比亚创造的经典表达至今仍在使用，B项正确。A项与第二段“his father’s business failed. He had to leave school and make a living on his own.”不符；C项与第四段“Each year around the 23rd April”而非“May”不符；D项与第四段“what caused his death still remains a mystery today”不符。故选B。 4．全文围绕莎士比亚的生平、作品、影响及纪念展开，突出其在文学史上的重要地位，B项“Shakespeare—A Bright Star in Literature”（莎士比亚——文学界的一颗明星）最能概括全文主旨。 Passage B 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds. Over the years, he collected many important seeds for China’s seed banks. These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a deep love for and curiosity about the things he studied. He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants. The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus of his life after he became a professor at Fudan University. It is important for seed banks to include many different kinds of seeds. When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research on the seeds from Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work. Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work. He began a programme to find and train local students in field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from over 1,000 types of plants. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China. Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. His love for his job and research lives on in his students. He once said, “My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration, and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now.” 1．What does the word “There” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Zhong Yang’s hometown. B．The university he entered at the age of 15. C．Fudan University. D．A seed bank in Yunnan. 2．Paragraph 4 is mainly about ________. A．how to build a large seed bank B．why Xizang has over 1,000 types of plants C．how Zhong Yang trained students and what the team achieved D．the new plants found in China for the first time 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Zhong Yang first studied plants at university. B．He collected 40 million seeds all by himself. C．He gave up travelling after falling sick in Xizang. D．Zhong Yang died at the age of 53. 4．What can we learn from Zhong Yang’s words at the end of the text? A．His dream and work will keep growing through the people he trained. B．The seeds in the bank will grow into big forests in 100 years. C．His students will carry seeds to every country in the world. D．He hopes his students will live for hundreds of years. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国植物学家钟扬一生致力于种子研究，克服困难赴西藏采集种子，培养学生并留下科学探索精神的感人事迹。 【详解】 1．据第2段“He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he studied radio engineering”可知，“there”指代上文中他15岁考入的那所大学。 2．根据文章第4段“He began a programme to find and train local students…Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds…”可知，本段主要讲述了他如何培训学生以及团队共同取得的采集成果。 3．根据文章第1段“On 25 September 2017…died”和第2段“Zhong Yang was born in 1964”可知，用2017减去1964得出他去世时的年龄为53岁，与选项描述一致。 4．根据文章第5段“My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration, and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now.”可知，他的梦想和工作将通过他培养的学生得以延续和成长。 Passage C Luosongdi Primary School is located in Yunnan Province. The story of 57-year-old Nong Jiagui, who has been teaching at this school for 38 years, is truly inspiring. Before 2020, he was the only teacher here. Luosongdi village is a special village. In the 1950s, it was a place to offer help to people with leprosy (麻风病). At that time, few people outside the village were willing to go near it. When Nong first arrived in 1986, he was also scared and even tried to leave. However, during his first class, he saw the strong desire for knowledge in the children’s eyes. This made him decide to stay. Over the years, Nong has not only taught the children but also got along well with the villagers. With his help, more than 100 children have graduated from the school to receive further education. His efforts have made the village more open to the outside world. In 2023, Nong became a deputy to the National People’s Congress (全国人大代表). He actively collected opinions from many people and voiced their concerns in the Congress. Although he cared about many things, education was what he cared about the most. So he put forward useful suggestions about education during the Congress. Nong Jiagui, born in 1966, was named one of the 2024 National Role Models for Teaching and Educating People. He firmly said, “As long as one child in the village needs me, I will keep on teaching.” He will always be the guardian (守护者) of the children in the village, and his story will continue to inspire more people. 1．How long has Nong Jiagui been teaching at Luosongdi Primary School? A．20 years. B．38 years. C．50 years. D．57 years. 2．Why didn’t people outside Luosongdi village want to go near it in the 1950s? A．Because it was hard to reach. B．Because it was a very poor village. C．Because there were no good schools. D．Because it was a place for people with leprosy. 3．What made Nong Jiagui decide to stay in the village? A．The high pay for teaching. B．The beautiful scenery in the village. C．The children’s strong desire for knowledge. D．The good living conditions and friendly people in the village. 4．What does Nong Jiagui’s story tell us? A．It’s easy to be a famous person. B．Teaching is the most important job in the world. C．A teacher’s love and dedication can have a great influence. D．People should always run away from difficult situations. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了云南落松地小学教师农加贵坚守麻风村小学任教38年的感人事迹，包括他留下的原因、取得的成就以及获得的荣誉，展现了教师的爱与奉献对他人的深远影响。 【详解】 1．根据第一段“The story of 57-year-old Nong Jiagui, who has been teaching at this school for 38 years, is truly inspiring.”可知，农加贵在该校任教时间为38年。 2．根据第二段“In the 1950s, it was a place to offer help to people with leprosy (麻风病). At that time, few people outside the village were willing to go near it.”可知，20世纪50年代该村是麻风病人救助地，导致外人不愿靠近。 3．根据第二段“However, during his first class, he saw the strong desire for knowledge in the children’s eyes. This made him decide to stay.”可知，孩子们对知识的渴望使他决定留下。 4．根据第五段“He will always be the guardian (守护者) of the children in the village, and his story will continue to inspire more people.”可知，农加贵的故事旨在展现教师的爱与奉献能产生巨大影响。 Passage D When Wang Hong accepted the Fields Medal (菲尔兹奖) in Philadelphia in July 2026, many people in China felt proud. The prize is often described as one of the highest honors in mathematics. But for Wang, the road to that moment was not a straight line. It looked more like the famous “needle” (针) in the Kakeya conjecture (挂谷猜想): it kept turning, testing new directions before finding enough space. Wang grew up in Pingle County, Guangxi. When she was four, her arm was badly hurt by boiling water. For years, her parents took her from hospital to hospital. Because her skin was sensitive (敏感的) to light, she spent much time indoors. This difficult experience did not close her world. Instead, it helped her learn how to be alone, how to read by herself and how to shut out noise. In primary school, she skipped (跳过) two grades. Her father, a maths teacher, opened the door to numbers for her. Her mother, an English teacher, gave her an early interest in language. Wang later said that maths was one way for her to understand the world. As a child, she was excited when she solved a problem about seven points on a plane. Her parents did not push her along a fixed road. They gave her freedom, which became an important kind of support. At middle school, Wang was not a simple “exam machine”. She loved asking questions and sometimes thought about easy problems in surprisingly complex ways. After entering Guilin Middle School at 13, she was younger and smaller than most classmates. Once, a classmate laughed at her for raising her hand too often. Her teacher Tang Nianhua comforted her and helped her learn both to speak bravely and to listen carefully. Wang joined a “Daily Problem” group, where her mathematical thinking grew sharper. At Peking University, Wang did not first enter the maths school she wanted. Surrounded by classmates with years of competition training, she began to doubt herself. Still, she could not give up maths. She studied hard enough to transfer into (转入) the School of Mathematical Sciences. Later, in Paris and at MIT, she still wondered whether she was only good at exercises or truly able to do research. She even stopped maths for a while and explored art and architecture (建筑). In the end, she returned. “In mathematics, I can freely build anything without asking anyone for permission,” she once said. Years of doubt, detours (弯路) and repeated trying did not pull her away from the problem. They helped her come back to it with a quieter and stronger mind. When fame finally arrived, Wang remained low-key (低调). Her advice to students was simple: if you gain something in the end, it does not matter whether you are faster or slower. Do not rush. Take your time. 1．Why does the writer compare Wang Hong’s life to the “needle” in the Kakeya conjecture? A．Because she never gave up even when she faced difficulties. B．Because she was very thin and small when she was young. C．Because she liked to solve hard problems. D．Because she changed directions many times before finally finding her way. 2．What can we infer about the freedom Wang’s parents gave her? A．It helped her develop the habit of thinking about problems in surprising ways. B．It showed that they trusted her to make decisions about her own studies. C．It allowed her to develop her own interests without being pushed into a fixed path. D．It allowed her to skip grades and enter different schools at a young age. 3．What do we know about Wang Hong’s middle school life? A．She was taught by her parents to think in unusual ways. B．She showed a habit of thinking differently from others about simple questions. C．She was often laughed at because she asked too many questions. D．She was younger than her classmates, so she had to work much harder than them. 4．What is the main message of this passage? A．Hard work is the only thing that matters for success. B．A successful person never changes their mind or direction. C．People may have doubts, take different paths, and still achieve great things in the end. D．Teachers and parents are the most important people in a student’s life. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述王虹成长求学经历，历经坎坷与弯路，坚持数学研究，斩获菲尔兹奖。 【详解】 1．第一段指出：“But for Wang, the road to that moment was not a straight line...it kept turning, testing new directions before finding enough space.”，说明她多次转变方向，才最终找到属于自己的道路。 2．第三段指出：“Her parents did not push her along a fixed road. They gave her freedom, which became an important kind of support.”，表明父母给予她自由，不逼迫她走固定道路，她可以发展自己的兴趣。 3．第四段指出：“At middle school, ...She loved asking questions and sometimes thought about easy problems in surprisingly complex ways.”，说明中学时期她对待简单问题，有着和别人不一样的思考习惯。 4．第六段指出：“Years of doubt, detours (弯路) and repeated trying did not pull her away from the problem. They helped her come back to it with a quieter and stronger mind.”，说明多年的迷茫困惑、曲折弯路与反复尝试，并没有让她放弃研究这个难题。这些经历磨炼了她，使她能够以更平和、更坚定的心态重新投入其中。由此可知文章主旨：人会心存疑惑、走弯路，但依旧可以取得伟大成就。 二、阅读填空 Passage A On March 4th, 2025, the Pritzker Architecture (建筑) Prize was given to 69-year-old Liu Jiakun. The prize, which was set up in 1979, is the highest prize in architecture. Liu is the fifty-fourth winner of this award. 1 Before him, Wang Shu won the award in 2012. Liu is famous for designing public spaces in cities. He always creates places for people to gather and enjoy nature. 2 This five-floor building was built in 2015. It features paths for walking and biking. Inside, there are spaces for culture, sports and business. It also offers a beautiful view of local natural and man-made environments. Born in Chengdu in 1956, Liu spent much of his childhood exploring the hospital where his mother worked. He loved climbing onto rooftops to see the city’s mix of traditional homes and modern buildings. 3 As an architect, Liu doesn’t want a strong personal style. 4 So he pays more attention to understanding each place and its needs. He also tries to balance China’s traditional architecture with modern technology. “Traditional architecture is great, but it’s a product of its time,” Liu said. 5 Liu also believes that cities should be places for people, not just buildings. Only in this way can a city grow in a healthy way. A．He is the second Chinese citizen to receive the prize. B．Architects around the world all hope to get this award. C．Instead, he hopes his work can fit the local conditions. D．These early experiences developed his interest in architecture. E．One of his best-known projects is West Village in Chengdu. F．However, he spends much time studying famous western buildings. G．He takes the best parts of traditional architecture and presents them in a modern way. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文介绍了2025年普利兹克建筑奖得主刘家琨的建筑理念与成就。 【详解】 1．第一段提到刘家琨是第54位获奖者，前文已说明奖项背景，空格后提到“Before him, Wang Shu won the award in 2012.”，A项“He is the second Chinese citizen to receive the prize.”与下文提到的另一位中国获奖者王澍形成逻辑呼应。 2．第二段提到刘家琨以设计城市公共空间闻名，空格后具体描述了一座五层建筑的主要特征，因此前文应引出该建筑，E项“One of his best-known projects is West Village in Chengdu.”与后文“This five-floor building”指代关系对应。 3．第三段描述刘家琨的童年经历，空格前“He loved climbing onto rooftops...”说明这些经历激发了他对建筑的兴趣，D项“These early experiences developed his interest in architecture.”与前文形成因果关系。 4．第四段提到刘家琨不追求强烈的个人风格，空格后“So he pays more attention to understanding each place and its needs.”说明他更注重适应当地条件，C项“Instead, he hopes his work can fit the local conditions.”与前文形成转折。 5．第四段最后引用刘家琨的话“Traditional architecture is great, but it’s a product of its time.”，空格后应说明他如何对待传统建筑，G项“He takes the best parts of traditional architecture and presents them in a modern way.”与此呼应。 Passage B In high school, Zhan Tianyou became fascinated by modern science and the American railroad system. At the Philadelphia World Fair (费城世界博览会), he felt sad seeing China exhibit only traditional items like tea and silk, while other nations displayed advanced technology. 1 Driven by this contrast and encouragement from his friend Mrs Northrop, Zhan decided to major in civil engineering. He believed railways were key to China’s growth, just as they were for America. 2 At 17, Zhan entered Yale University. His hard work earned him a scholarship and a maths medal. He graduated with top grades in 1881. When the Qing government recalled Chinese students that summer, only Zhan and one other had completed their degrees. 3 Returning home with great ambition, Zhan began working on railway projects in 1888. He achieved fame by building the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway through extremely difficult terrain. 4 This success proved Chinese engineers could solve complex problems independently. Known as the “Father of China’s Railways”, Zhan served his country for 31 years, improving millions of lives. 5 A．This realization gave him a clear goal: to bring modern technology back to China. B．His legacy remains a testament to patriotism and perseverance (锲而不舍). C．This sharp contrast strengthened his determination to change his nation’s situation. D．Despite the sudden recall, he never gave up his dream of serving China. E．There, he overcame huge challenges to complete the project ahead of schedule. F．Many other students chose to stay in the US for better opportunities. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了“中国铁路之父”詹天佑的励志人生。 【详解】 1．前一句提到詹天佑在费城世界博览会上看到中国只展出茶和丝绸等传统物品，而其他国家展示先进技术，他感到难过。空缺处应说明这一“对比”带来的影响。选项C“This sharp contrast strengthened his determination to change his nation’s situation.”（这种鲜明的对比增强了他的决心去改变国家的处境）中的“sharp contrast”与前文的中外展品对比直接呼应，衔接自然。 2．前一句提到“He believed railways were key to China’s growth, just as they were for America.”（他相信铁路是中国发展的关键，就像对美国一样）。空缺处应承接这一“认识”，说明它带来的目标。选项A“This realization gave him a clear goal: to bring modern technology back to China.”（这一认识给了他一个清晰的目标：把现代技术带回中国）中的“this realization”指代前文对铁路重要性的认识，逻辑连贯。 3．前一句提到“When the Qing government recalled Chinese students that summer, only Zhan and one other had completed their degrees.”（那年夏天清政府召回留学生时，只有詹天佑和另一人完成了学业）。后文讲到他回国后投身铁路建设。空缺处应体现他被突然召回仍不改报国之志。选项D“Despite the sudden recall, he never gave up his dream of serving China.”（尽管被突然召回，他从未放弃报效中国的梦想）承接“召回”事件并过渡到回国工作，语意连贯。 4．前一句提到“He achieved fame by building the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway through extremely difficult terrain.”（他因在极其艰难的地形上修建京张铁路而成名）。后一句提到“This success proved Chinese engineers could solve complex problems independently.”（这一成功证明中国工程师能独立解决复杂问题）。空缺处应具体说明工程建设的成就。选项E“There, he overcame huge challenges to complete the project ahead of schedule.”（在那里，他克服了巨大挑战提前完工）中的“there”指代京张铁路，“overcame huge challenges”呼应“extremely difficult terrain”，与后文“this success”紧密衔接。 5．前文提到詹天佑被誉为“中国铁路之父”，为国家服务31年，改善了数百万人的生活。空缺处位于全文结尾，应总结升华其精神遗产。选项B“His legacy remains a testament to patriotism and perseverance.”（他的精神遗产是爱国与锲而不舍的见证）对全文进行总结，点明其精神价值，收束有力。 Passage C 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 On June 9, 2026, two teenagers from Shanghai made headlines across the country. Wu Yulun and Xin Ziyu had just finished their college entrance exams. 1 A heavy flood had hit parts of Guangxi, and many people were in need of help. When the two boys heard about this, they decided to do something. 2 They told their parents they were going on a trip to Wuxi, but in fact they took a train to Guangxi. Their parents were surprised when they found out the truth. “They had never done anything like this before,” said Wu’s father. “But they were so determined. We couldn’t say no.” The two boys traveled for hours to reach the flood-hit area. 1 They unloaded supplies, helped build temporary shelters, and delivered food to families in need. They worked from morning until night. “At first, people were surprised to see us,” said Xin. “They asked, ‘You’re just kids. Why are you here?’ But after a few days, they treated us like family.” 1 Many people were moved by their story. “These two young people show us what true courage looks like,” one netizen wrote. Wu and Xin didn’t see themselves as heroes. “We just wanted to help,” they said. 2 A．They didn’t go on vacation like most of their classmates. B．They didn’t tell anyone they were leaving. C．In fact, they took a train to Guangxi and joined the rescue efforts. D．Their story was shared widely on social media. E．They were too young to be volunteers. F．They worked side by side with local volunteers. G．They hope more young people will volunteer in times of need. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．F 4．D 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述两名上海高中生高考结束后，瞒着父母前往广西洪涝灾区参与救援的故事。他们运送物资、搭建临时住所、分发食物，事迹感动众人，但他们并不认为自己是英雄，希望更多年轻人能在需要的时候伸出援手。 【详解】 1． 前一句“Wu Yulun and Xin Ziyu had just finished their college entrance exams”说两个上海少年刚高考完，后文说他们去广西救灾，A项“他们没有像大多数同学那样去度假”形成对比，符合题意。 2．根据后文“They told their parents they were going on a trip to Wuxi, but in fact they took a train to Guangxi.”（他们告诉父母要去无锡旅行，实际上坐火车去广西）可知他们隐瞒去向，B项“他们没有告诉任何人他们要出发。”符合题意。 3．前一句说”traveled for hours”，后文描述卸货、搭帐篷等具体工作，F项”他们与当地志愿者并肩工作”承上启下，符合题意。 4．前文讲述救援事迹，后文说”Many people were moved”，D项”他们的故事在社交媒体上广泛传播”解释了原因，符合题意。 5．前一句说“We just wanted to help我们只是想帮忙”，G项“他们希望更多年轻人在需要时做志愿者”是自然收尾，符合题意。 二、完形填空 Passage A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Recently, a painting of “Tian’anmen” in Wuying Village, Shangqiu, Henan, has attracted many visitors. The 1 painting is 18 metres long and 8 metres high, covering a total area of 144 square metres. The farmer and artist, Wu Chengyan, created the painting to help 2 villagers realize their dream of “seeing Tian’anmen”. Many old people gathered in front of the painting, and the touching story won widespread 3 online. Wu Chengyan, 39, has loved painting since 4 . As a little boy, he often drew on the ground with a stick. Last year, he started doing wall paintings in villages. One day, an old villager said visiting Tian’anmen in Beijing was his lifelong wish. His words 5 Wu. Knowing that many elderly villagers had never travelled far, Wu decided to bring “Tian’anmen” to them, 6 they could ever make the trip or not. He worked on it for five days, painting about eight hours each day. After finishing it, he invited over ten elderly villagers to take pictures together. Some could 7 walk, and he brought them in wheelchairs (轮椅). Many people had tears in their eyes and said, “This looks just like Beijing!” and “My wish for this year has 8 .” So far, Wu has created 40 to 50 wall paintings in his village, often showing subjects the elderly 9 , such as famous sights and people. “I want to help them see more of the world’s beauty,” Wu said. Wu shows that art is not just for galleries (画廊). With a brush and a 10 heart, he turns walls into windows of hope. 1．A．ancient B．whole C．small 2．A．young B．rich C．elderly 3．A．praise B．trouble C．record 4．A．marriage B．childhood C．midnight 5．A．destroyed B．inspired C．reported 6．A．whether B．although C．since 7．A．quickly B．normally C．hardly 8．A．lived on B．come true C．dropped out 9．A．admire B．copy C．fear 10．A．wounded B．lonely C．kind 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了河南商丘一位名叫吴承言的农民艺术家，为了帮助村里从未远行的老人们实现“看天安门”的心愿，在村里的墙上画了一幅巨大的天安门画作的感人故事。 【详解】 1．句意：整幅画长18米，高8米。根据后文“18 metres long and 8 metres high”可知，这里描述的是画的整体尺寸，用whole修饰“painting”，表示“整幅画”，符合语境。ancient意为“古代的”，small意为“小的”，均与具体尺寸描述不匹配。 2．句意：这位农民画家创作这幅画是为了帮助老年村民实现“看天安门”的梦想。 根据后文“villagers”及“Many old people”可知，他帮助的对象是村里的老人。elderly意为“年老的”，符合语境。young意为“年轻的”，rich意为“富有的”，均与后文多次出现的“elderly villagers”“old people”矛盾。 3．句意：这个感人的故事在网上赢得了广泛赞誉。 根据前文“touching story”及故事本身的温暖性质可知，它得到的是正面评价。praise意为“赞扬，称赞”，符合语境。trouble意为“麻烦”，record意为“记录”，均不能表达网友的正面反应。 4．句意：吴承言从童年起就热爱绘画。 根据后文“As a little boy, he often drew on the ground with a stick”可知，他从小男孩时期就喜欢画画，因此是从童年开始。childhood意为“童年”，符合语境。marriage意为“婚姻”，midnight意为“午夜”，均与后文时间线索不相关。 5．句意：他的话激励了吴。 根据前文老村民说去北京看天安门是他一生的心愿，以及后文吴决定把“天安门”带到他们面前可知，老村民的话触动了吴，给了他创作的动力。inspired意为“激励，鼓舞”，符合语境。destroyed意为“摧毁”，reported意为“报道”，均不能表达吴被触动后的积极行动。 6．句意：无论他们能否真的去旅行，吴都决定把“天安门”带给他们。 根据空后“or not”可知，这是一个固定搭配，whether...or not意为“无论……与否”，符合语境。although意为“虽然”，since意为“自从，因为”，均不能与“or not”搭配表示是否。 7．句意：有些人几乎不能走路，他就用轮椅把他们推过来。 根据后文“he brought them in wheelchairs”可知，这些老人行动极为不便，几乎无法行走。hardly意为“几乎不”，符合语境。quickly意为“快速地”，normally意为“正常地”，均不能解释为什么需要轮椅。 8．句意：我今年的愿望实现了。 根据前文这些老人一生的愿望就是看天安门，现在看到了画作，愿望实现。come true意为“实现”，符合语境。lived on意为“以……为生”，dropped out意为“退出”，均不能表达愿望达成的含义。 9．句意：吴经常画老人们敬仰的主题，比如著名景点和人物。 根据后文“such as famous sights and people”及全文老人对天安门的向往可知，他画的是老人们喜爱和敬重的事物。admire意为“敬仰，钦佩”，符合语境。copy意为“复制”，fear意为“害怕”，均不能表达老人的向往之情。 10．句意：用一支画笔和一颗善良的心，他把墙壁变成了希望的窗户。 根据全文吴为老人画壁画、推轮椅等善举可知，他有一颗善良、温暖的心。kind意为“善良的”，符合语境。wounded意为“受伤的”，lonely意为“孤独的”，均不能概括他乐于助人的品质。 Passage B As the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine”, Huang Xuhua put his whole life into making China stronger. Born in Guangdong Province, Huang grew up in the shadow (影子) of wars. These painful memories drove him to study hard and decide to use 1 to protect his country. In the 1950s, it was a(an) 2 job for China to develop nuclear submarines without advanced technology or enough support. However, Huang Xuhua and his team were not 3 these challenges. In those 20 years, they 4 lots of difficulties. For example, in order to keep the project 5 , they cut off social connections with the outside world, even their family. Also, foreign researchers didn’t offer any help 6 they had to do research by themselves. And another problem was that they must make sure the submarine can stay safe underwater. After many tests, they 7 overcame these problems. In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully, making China the fifth country with this technology. Besides, Huang 8 over 20 million yuan to scientific research, popular science and education. Because of 9 great achievements, he was awarded the title of the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest honor, in 2019. Now, his 10 encourages young people to face challenges bravely and work hard. In this way, his spirit will live on forever. 1．A．influence B．knowledge C．pleasure 2．A．challenging B．inspiring C．amazing 3．A．scared of B．responsible for C．satisfied with 4．A．avoided B．met C．hid 5．A．simple B．serious C．secret 6．A．so B．if C．but 7．A．easily B．clearly C．finally 8．A．put away B．threw away C．gave away 9．A．his B．our C．their 10．A．brain B．spirit C．skill 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的生平事迹。他克服重重困难，带领团队成功研发出中国第一艘核潜艇，并捐赠巨款用于科研和教育，他的精神将永远激励着年轻人。 【详解】 1．句意：这些痛苦的记忆驱使他努力学习，并决定用知识来保护他的国家。 根据前文“study hard”可知，努力学习是为了获得知识，从而用知识报效国家，knowledge“知识”符合语境；influence“影响”、pleasure“快乐”均不符合。 2．句意：在20世纪50年代，在没有先进技术或足够支持的情况下，对中国来说发展核潜艇是一项具有挑战性的工作。 根据“without advanced technology or enough support”可知，在缺乏技术和支持的情况下，这项工作是充满挑战的，challenging“有挑战性的”符合语境；inspiring“鼓舞人心的”、amazing“令人惊奇的”均不符合。 3．句意：然而，黄旭华和他的团队并不害怕这些挑战。 根据“However”表示转折，以及后文他们迎难而上克服困难可知，他们并不害怕挑战，scared of“害怕”符合语境；responsible for“对……负责”、satisfied with“对……感到满意”均不符合。 4．句意：在那20年里，他们遇到了很多困难。 根据后文“For example...”列举的种种难题可知，他们是遇到了很多困难，met“遇到”符合语境；avoided“避免”、hid“躲藏”均不符合。 5．句意：例如，为了对项目保密，他们切断了与外界甚至家人的社会联系。 根据“they cut off social connections with the outside world”可知，切断联系是为了保守项目的秘密，keep sth. secret意为“对某事保密”，secret“秘密的”符合语境；simple“简单的”、serious“严肃的”均不符合。 6．句意：此外，外国研究人员没有提供任何帮助，所以他们不得不自己进行研究。 前句“外国研究人员没有提供任何帮助”是原因，后句“他们不得不自己进行研究”是结果，前后为因果关系，应用so连接；if“如果”、but“但是”均不符合。 7．句意：经过多次测试，他们最终克服了这些问题。 根据“After many tests”可知，经过了多次测试，最终才克服了问题，强调结果的达成，finally“最终”符合语境；easily“轻易地”、clearly“清晰地”均不符合。 8．句意：此外，黄旭华捐赠了超过2000万元用于科研、科普和教育。 根据“over 20 million yuan to scientific research, popular science and education”可知，是将钱捐赠给科研和教育事业，gave away“捐赠”符合语境；put away“收起来”、threw away“扔掉”均不符合。 9．句意：因为他的伟大成就，他在2019年被授予共和国勋章，这是中国的最高荣誉。 根据后半句主语“he”可知，此处指代黄旭华本人的成就，应用形容词性物主代词his；our“我们的”、their“他们的”均不符合。 10．句意：现在，他的精神鼓励年轻人勇敢面对挑战并努力工作。 根据后文“his spirit will live on forever”可知，是他的精神在鼓励年轻人，spirit“精神”符合语境；brain“头脑”、skill“技能”均不符合。 Passage C Shen Kuo was a brilliant scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was not only a government official but also a scientist, astronomer, and writer. His book Dream Pool Essays covered a wide range of topics, from astronomy to geology. During his career, Shen Kuo often questioned traditional beliefs. For example, he described the 1 of fossils in mountainous areas and concluded that the land had changed over time. This idea was far ahead of his era. However, his innovative thinking brought him 2 from conservative officials who preferred old theories. They thought he was being too 3 and criticized him openly. Despite the pressure, Shen Kuo remained 4 in his research. He improved the astronomical instruments and made accurate 5 of the stars. He also discovered the magnetic declination of compass needles, a finding that 6 later scientists around the world. Shen Kuo’s 7 went beyond science. He was also a skilled poet and calligrapher. His works 8 a deep influence on both Chinese culture and scientific thought. Today, he is 9 as one of the greatest minds in ancient China. His curiosity and courage to challenge norms 10 us to think independently. 1．A．reaction B．discovery C．invention D．collection 2．A．praise B．support C．trouble D．pleasure 3．A．careful B．brave C．modest D．creative 4．A．interested B．honest C．focused D．confused 5．A．observations B．decisions C．suggestions D．predictions 6．A．surprised B．inspired C．worried D．challenged 7．A．talents B．efforts C．dreams D．goals 8．A．made B．became C．left D．showed 9．A．chosen B．remembered C．treated D．served 10．A．encourage B．force C．order D．allow 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了北宋科学家沈括的生平事迹。他不仅在科学领域成就卓越，还敢于挑战传统，其才华和精神影响了后世，激励我们独立思考。 【详解】 1．句意：例如，他描述了山区化石的发现，并得出结论认为土地随时间发生了变化。 根据后文“concluded that the land had changed”可知，他是基于发现了化石这一事实得出的结论，discovery“发现”符合语境；reaction“反应”、invention“发明”、collection“收集”均不符合。 2．句意：然而，他的创新思维给他带来了来自保守官员的麻烦。 根据后文“conservative officials who preferred old theories”及“criticized him”可知，保守派不喜欢他的创新，给他带来了麻烦，trouble“麻烦”符合语境；praise“赞扬”、support“支持”、pleasure“愉悦”均不符合。 3．句意：他们认为他太有创造力并公开批评他。 根据前文“innovative thinking”可知，保守官员认为他过于创新（不守旧规），creative“有创造力的”符合语境；careful“仔细的”、brave“勇敢的”、modest“谦虚的”均不符合。 4．句意：尽管有压力，沈括在研究中保持专注。 根据“Despite the pressure”及他继续进行研究的事实可知，他保持专注，focused“专注的”符合语境；interested“感兴趣的”、honest“诚实的”、confused“困惑的”均不符合。 5．句意：他改进了天文仪器并对恒星进行了准确的观察。 根据“astronomical instruments”和“stars”可知，天文学家对星星进行的是观察，observations“观测”符合语境；decisions“决定”、suggestions“建议”、predictions“预测”均不符合。 6．句意：他还发现了磁针的磁偏角，这一发现启发了后来世界各地的科学家。 根据科学发现的价值及“later scientists”可知，伟大的发现会启发后人，inspired “启发”符合语境；surprised“使惊讶”、worried“使担忧”、challenged“挑战”均不符合。 7．句意：沈括的才华超越了科学。 根据后文“skilled poet and calligrapher”可知，诗歌和书法属于才华范畴，talents“才能”符合语境；efforts“努力”、dreams“梦想”、goals“目标”均不符合。 8．句意：他的作品对中国文化和科学思想留下了深远影响。 固定搭配leave a deep influence，表示“留下深远影响”，left符合语境；made“制作”、became“成为”、showed“展示”均不符合搭配。 9．句意：今天，他被铭记为古代中国最伟大的思想家之一。 根据历史常识，后人铭记沈括的成就，remembered“铭记”符合语境；chosen“选择”、treated“对待”、served“服务”均不符合。 10．句意：他的好奇心和挑战规范的勇气鼓励我们独立思考。 根据榜样的积极作用可知，他的精神是鼓励我们，encourage“鼓励”符合语境；force“强迫”、order“命令”、allow“允许”均不符合。 三、任务型阅读 Passage A Recently, a video of “Xiang Yu” became very popular on Chinese social media. During a “Su Chao” (Jiangsu City Football League) match in Suqian, an actor dressed as the ancient warrior Xiang Yu appeared on the field riding a war cart. He shouted, “I, Xiang Yu, have returned!” Thousands of fans cheered loudly. Suqian is Xiang Yu’s real hometown, so many people were moved. The videos were watched over 800 million times online. So, who was the real Xiang Yu? He was a great warrior who lived more than 2,000 years ago. He came from a noble (贵族的) family in the State of Chu. He was very tall and very strong. It was said that he could lift a heavy bronze pot with his own hands. In a famous battle, Xiang Yu led his soldiers across a river to help an ally (盟友). After they crossed, he ordered his men to destroy (摧毁) all their cooking pots and boats. He told them, “We will either win or die. There is no way back!” His soldiers fought with all their strength, and they won a great victory. However, Xiang Yu was sometimes too proud and didn’t take good advice. In the end, Xiang Yu lost the war. At his saddest moment, he chose to end his own life by the Wu River. Today, many people still respect Xiang as a true hero. They think highly of his courage and truthfulness. People call him the “Hegemon King of Western Chu (西楚霸王)”. His spirit and story make people feel strong, just as the crowds in Suqian showed when they welcomed their hero home. 1．Where is Xiang Yu’s real hometown? 2．How many times were the videos about “Xiang Yu” watched online? 3．What did Xiang Yu order his men to do after they crossed the river? 4．Why did Xiang Yu lose the war according to the passage? 5．Do you think Xiang Yu was a true hero? Why or why not? 【答案】1．Suqian. 2．Over 800 million times. 3．To destroy all their cooking pots and boats. 4．Because he was sometimes too proud and didn’t take good advice. 5．Yes, because people respect his courage and truthfulness. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了项羽近期在社交媒体上的热度，回顾了他历史上的英勇事迹、失败原因以及后人对他的评价。 【详解】 1．根据文章第1段中的“Suqian is Xiang Yu’s real hometown, so many people were moved.”可知，项羽的家乡是宿迁，直接填入地点信息即可。 2．根据文章第1段中的“The videos were watched over 800 million times online.”可知：视频观看次数超过8亿，答案几乎是原文引述。 3．根据文章第2段中的“After they crossed, he ordered his men to destroy (摧毁) all their cooking pots and boats.”可知：他命令摧毁炊具和船只，答案几乎是原文引述。 4．根据文章第3段中的“However, Xiang Yu was sometimes too proud and didn't take good advice. In the end, Xiang Yu lost the war.”可知：失败原因是骄傲且不纳谏，直接提取信息即可。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合文章内容与自身理解，合理作答即可。 Passage B Ye Shengtao was a great Chinese educator, writer and publisher (出版者). He was born in 1894 in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Ye had a great influence (影响) on modern Chinese education. After leaving Grassbridge Middle School in 1911, Ye began to teach at a primary school in his hometown and later at a school in Shanghai. At that time, his students spent most of their time copying long texts without understanding their meanings. Ye thought that was not quite good. He believed education was not simply about getting knowledge. Then he began to use a new teaching way. He taught students how to learn, instead of simply what to learn. As a famous modern fairy tale (童话) writer, Ye Shengtao has left lots of great works for Chinese children. In 1921, he finished his first fairy tale Little White Boat. This, along with the other 22 fairy tales, made up the fairy tale collection The Scarecrow, which came out in 1923. Now, the book is still widely popular among children. Ye’s fairy tales are not hard to understand for children. Moreover, children can learn about the world from them and think more about life. During his lifetime, Ye also worked hard at editing (编辑) and publishing. He tried his best to popularize vernacular Chinese (白话文) and help develop Pinyin, which helped the development of the modern Chinese language. As an editor, he discovered and encouraged many young talents, such as Ba Jin and Ding Ling, who later became famous writers too. Ye Shengtao died in 1988, but his ideas and works continue to shine today. 1．Was Ye Shengtao once a teacher? 2．How was Ye’s teaching way different from the traditional way? 3．What are Ye’s main achievements in Chinese literature (文学) according to the passage? 4．What do you think of Ye’s teaching way? Please explain. (about 30 words) 【答案】1．Yes, he was. 2．He taught students how to learn, instead of simply what to learn. 3．He wrote lots of great works for Chinese children, such as the fairy tale collection The Scarecrow. 4．I think his teaching way is very great and helpful. This is because teaching students how to learn can help them get the ability to study by themselves, which is useful for their whole life. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国伟大的教育家、作家和出版者叶圣陶的生平事迹，重点讲述了他在教育理念、童话创作以及编辑出版方面的贡献。 【详解】67．根据第二段“Ye began to teach at a primary school in his hometown and later at a school in Shanghai.”可知，叶圣陶曾在小学和上海的一所学校任教，因此他确实曾是一名老师。 1．根据第二段“He taught students how to learn, instead of simply what to learn.”可知，他的教学方式不同于传统方式，因为他教学生如何学习，而不仅仅是教什么内容。 2．根据第三段“Ye Shengtao has left lots of great works for Chinese children…This, along with the other 22 fairy tales, made up the fairy tale collection The Scarecrow…”可知，叶圣陶创作了许多优秀的儿童文学作品，如童话集《稻草人》。 3．开放题，答案不唯一。需结合文中提到的叶圣陶的教学理念（教学生如何学习，培养自主学习能力）来表明观点并给出合理理由。 Passage C What makes a person from a small European country fall so deeply in love with Chinese culture? For Krasznahorkai, a famous Hungarian writer, the answer began with a trip in 1991. Back then, he traveled to China as a reporter. He was so moved by what he saw. After he returned home, he didn’t just keep China in his memory—he brought Chinese culture into his daily life. He asked his whole family to eat with chopsticks. When they went out to eat, he always chose Chinese food. At home, he often listened to Beijing opera. Wherever he went, he collected books about China and followed news about China. He also often mentioned China in conversations. His love grew even stronger over time. He became crazy about ancient Chinese culture. He read Laozi’s Tao Te Ching and fell in love with the poet Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty. He loves Li Bai for his courage and free spirit. To feel closer to him, Krasznahorkai took a long journey across China, following the very places Li Bai had once traveled to. He even gave himself a Chinese name, “Haoqiu”, which means “beautiful hill”. That name shows his respect for Confucius. He has published many novels since his first novel came out in 1977. On October 9, 2025, he won the Nobel Prize in Literature. In a 2017 interview, he thanked Chinese readers who love Hungarian books. His love for Chinese culture has truly brought the two literary worlds together. His story teaches us: When you truly love something, it becomes a part of who you are. 1．What made Krasznahorkai fall deeply in love with Chinese culture? 2．What did Krasznahorkai do to bring Chinese culture into his daily life after he went back home?（写出一项即可) 3．Why did Krasznahorkai love the poet Li Bai? 4．What does Krasznahorkai’s Chinese name “Haoqiu” mean? 5．What lesson can we learn from Krasznahorkai’s story? 【答案】1．A trip to China in 2. 3．He asked his whole family to eat with chopsticks./He always chose Chinese food when eating out./He often listened to Beijing opera at home. (任选其一) 4．Because of Li Bai’s courage and free spirit. 5．It means “beautiful hill”. 6．When you truly love something, it becomes a part of who you are. 【导语】本文介绍了匈牙利著名作家克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊对中国文化的深厚热爱。他从1991年首次中国之行开始，将中国文化融入日常生活，痴迷于中国古代文化，尤其喜爱李白，并取中文名“好丘”，最终于2025年获得诺贝尔文学奖。 【详解】 1．第一段第二句明确说明克拉斯诺霍尔卡伊爱上中国文化的原因：“...the answer began with a trip in 1991.”，答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 2．第二段列举了他将中国文化融入日常生活的多种方式：让全家用筷子吃饭、外出就餐总选中国菜、在家听京剧、收集关于中国的书籍、关注中国新闻等。答案任选其一即可。 3．第三段第四句明确说明他喜爱李白的原因：“He loves Li Bai for his courage and free spirit.”，答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 4．第三段倒数第二句明确说明他中文名的含义：“...‘Haoqiu’, which means ‘beautiful hill’.” ，答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 5．最后一段最后一句明确说明故事给我们的启示：“When you truly love something, it becomes a part of who you are.”，答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 $