专题二 语法运用 九、非谓语动词-【创新教程】2027年山东省普通高中学业水平合格考英语热点专练

1.How long does the hot-air balloon ride over Melbourne last? A.One hour. B.Half an hour. C.An hour and a half. D.Two hours. 2.What is the highlight of the flight? A.A good choice for family trips. B.Free ride only to your hotel. C.Fantastic views from the sky. D.No need to book in advance. 九、非谓 学考知识必备 非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语，但同时仍保留 动词某些特征的动词形式。它们没有人称和数的 变化，但可以有自己的宾语、状语等。 一、动词不定式的句法功能 1.作主语。动词不定式作主语时，往往用t作形式 主语。 It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 2.作宾语。动词不定式作宾语时，有时用t作形式 宾语。 He offered to help me.他主动提出帮助我。 The boy found it difficult to find his mother in the crowd. 男孩发现在人群中找到他的妈妈很难。 3.作表语。 My work is to clean the room every day. 我的工作是每天清扫房间。 4.作宾语补足语。 The school requests students to wear uniform. 学校要求学生们穿校服。 注意：有些动词后面的宾语补足语用省略t0的 不定式，常见的这类动词有：have,make,let, feel,hear,watch,observe,notice,see等。但当 这类动词用于被动语态时，补足语应为带t0的 不定式。 I saw the thief run into a supermarket. -The thief was seen to run into a supermarket byme.我看到那个小偷跑进了一家超市。 3.Where will you have breakfast after the flight? A.In the Melbourne Cricket Ground. B.In the Pullman Hotel. C.Near the Yarra River. D.In Melbourne's parks. 4.What's the writer's purpose in writing the pas- sage? A.To explain the history of hot-air balloons in Melbourne. B.To warn tourists about weather risks in Vic- toria. C.To compare different tourist activities in Mel- bourne. D.To promote a special hot-air balloon experi- ence. 语动词 5.作定语。 当被修饰词为序数词、最高级或被序数词、最高 级以及the last、the only等所修饰时多用不定式 作定语。 Armstrong was the first to set foot on the moon. 阿姆斯特朗是第一个登上月球的人。 6.作状语. 不定式作状语，可表示目的、结果、原因等。 (1)作目的状语时，常用todo/so as to do/in order todo。 To catch the first bus,I have to get up early. 为了赶上早班车，我只得早起。 (2)作原因状语时，常和表示情绪的形容词连用。 I was surprised to see him there. 我真没想到会在那里见到他。 (3)作结果状语时，表示出乎意料的结果，常与oly, just连用。表示自然而然的结果，要用现在分词。 试比较： I went to see him,only to find him out. 我去看他，不料他出去了。 The parents died,leaving the child an orphan. 父母死了，孩子成了孤儿。 7.“疑问词十不定式”结构 “疑问词+不定式”在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等 成分。 I find it difficult to decide what to do at the mo- ment. 我发现一时很难决定该做什么。（宾语） When to start has not been decided. 何时动身还未定。（主语） 8.不定式的省略 (1)省略与上文相同的动词，保留不定式符号to。 Would you like to go with us? -Of course.I'd like to. 你愿意和我们一起去吗？ 当然。我愿意。 (2)省略符号to。在一些感官动词和使役动词后作 宾语补足语的不定式通常省略to。 (3)动词help之后的不定式中的to有时可省略。 二、动名词的句法功能 功能 例句 说明 Eating too much is bad 主语 for your health. 吃得太多对你的健康 谓语动词用单数形式。 有害。 I like playing basket- 动词 宾语 ball very much..我非 宾 常喜欢打篮球。 表示一般的习惯或抽 语 象行为或经常性的 介词 Stamps are used for动作。 sending letters. 宾语 邮票是用来寄信的。 His hobby is collec 表语 ting stamps.=Collec- 多数情况下，动名词作 ting stamps is his hob 表语可转换成作主语。 by.他的爱好是集邮。 She is in the reading room.她在阅览室里。 只表明它所修饰的词 定语 We should improve的用途、所属关系等 our teaching methods. 置于所修饰词之前。 我们应该改进教学方法 三、动词后接不定式和动名词的区别 1. stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 (stop doing sth..停止做某事 Stop talking,please. 请不要说话。 Stop to think about it for a moment. 停下来想它一会儿。 (remember to do sth.记住要做某事（动作未发生） remember doing sth.记得曾做过某事（动作已发生） I remember posting your letter. 我记得把你的信寄出去了。 Please remember to post my letter. 请记住把我的信寄走。 3.forget to do sth.忘记做某事（动作未发生） forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（动作已发生） I forgot to bring my homework. 我忘记带作业了。 She forgot meeting him before. 她忘记以前见过他了。 4.ry to do sth.努力去做某事 'try doing sth..试着去做某事 He tried speaking English to us. 他试着对我们讲英语。 Please try to do better next time. 下次努力做得更好些。 5.8 on to do sth.做完一件事，接着去做另外一件事 (go on doing sth.继续不停地做某事 Go on to do the other exercises after you finish this one. 做完这个练习题后，接着做其他的。 Go on doing the exercises after a short rest. 休息一会儿之后继续做练习。 四、分词的基本用法 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两类，现在分词表 主动和进行；过去分词表被动或完成。 1.作定语。现在分词作定语时，其逻辑主语为它所修 饰的词；过去分词作定语，其逻辑宾语是它修饰的 词。如： Do you know the girl standing there? 你认识站在那儿的那个女孩吗？ Do you know a girl called Linda? 你认识一个叫琳达的女孩吗？ 2.作状语。分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语。如： The students went out of the classroom after class, talking and laughing. 下课后，学生们谈笑着走出了教室。 Seen from the hill,the city looks more beautiful. 从山上看这座城市更美丽。 3.作表语。现在分词表示主语的性质、特征；过去 分词表示主语处于某种状态。如： The situation is encouraging. 形势令人鼓舞。 The boy is too excited to say a word. 男孩激动得说不出话来。 4.作宾语补足语。分词在感官动词及使役动词后 与名词或代词构成复合宾语，作宾语补足 语。如： I heard her singing in the room just now. 我刚才听到她在房间里唱歌。 He'll have his car repaired tomorrow. 他明天将去修理他的车。 学考真题精选 单句语法填空 1.(2026·陕西学业水平合格性考试)Jane spent years (observe)chimps'behaviors in their own environment. 2.(2026·陕西学业水平合格性考试)In1977,she began a program to teach young people around the world (care)for animals and the environment. 3.(2026·湖南学业水平合格性考试)In his mind, it was difficult to create a human connection by (use)computer special effects. 4.(2026·广东学业水平合格性考试)As usual, you can enjoy (watch)different forms of Chinese opera in the center. 5.(2026·广东学业水平合格性考试)You can “visit'”places (use)as the settings for some historical operas with VR technologies. 6.(2025·广东学业水平考试)The post brought about an increase in business, (win) the hearts of 10,000 online followers. 7.(2025·陕西学业水平考试)When he realized China needed its own powerful air force to pro- tect the country,he went to the United States (continue)his study. 8.(2025·陕西学业水平考试)When (ask)"Can we Chinese possibly make mis- siles?",he replied with determination,... 9.(2024·安徽省合格考)Children usually need more sleep, compare)to adults,be- cause they are still growing. 10.(2024·湖南省合格考)To prepare for their re- turning,China selected senior workers to trav- el to the US in advance (take)part in the panda's feeding... → 学考素能提升 I.选词填空（二选一） 1.You don't have to run fast or for long (seeing/to see)the benefit. 2.Running is very popular as a sport as a way of (keep/keeping)fit. 3.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, made/making )air condi- tioning unnecessary. 4.My shoes are worn out.They need (re- paired/repairing). 5.The shop owner will get all these goods ordered (delivered/deliver)to the customers today. 6. (Admitting/To be admitted)to a key university,all the students in Senior 3 are mak- ing great efforts to study. 红 7.The quarrel (led/leading)to the fight started from their disbelief in each other. 8.Whether or not your role models are famous, they should be worth (copying/being copied). 9.I am used to listening to music before (going/go)to bed. 10.Some students have trouble with grammar while others have difficulty (re- membering/to remember)new words. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 l.(2026·1月浙江高考)There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave(微波 炉) (finish)heating,but my mum did it. 2.(2026·1月浙江高考)I remember (push)in a supermarket trolley(手推车)over the uneven car park ground like riding a roller coaster. 3.(2026·全国高考I卷)It is also common for them (hold)during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival,as well as other local fes- tivals. 4.(2026·全国高考I卷) (draw)by the aroma(香昧)of street food,they line up in front of stands which serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 5.(2026·山东学业水平合格性考试模拟)In the first place,it often happens that you may strug- gle (find)exact words and phrases to express our ideas. 6.(2025·全国一卷)“We hope (pres- ent)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a vis- ual context,and initiate dialogues with minimal- ist art,conceptual art and expressionism." 7.(2025·全国二卷)Growing up,my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing,denying me the chance (dis- cover)one of the great wonders of sunshine- the sweet "sunshine scent"after sunning clothes for an entire day. 8.(2025·浙江1月卷)Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women (rent)rather than purchase them outright,providing a less expen- sive solution to one-time event dressing. 9.(2025·湖南学业水平考试模拟)The story goes like this:Franklin had found lightning interest- ing for years, (believe)it was actually electricity. 10.(2025·湖南学业水平考试模拟)Knowing it was too dangerous to hold the wet line,Frank- lin held a silk ribbon (tie)to the end of it. Ⅲ.阅读理解 (2025·湖南学业水平考试模拟)One Tuesday morning in 2016,Travis Rudolph,a star football player at Florida State University,visited Mont- ford Middle School in Florida with his teammates. While most students crowded around the athletes, Rudolph noticed a boy sitting alone in the cafeteri- a.The boy,Bo Paske,a sixth grader with autism (自闭症)，often ate lunch by himself.Without hesitation,Rudolph asked,"Can I sit with you?" Their simple pizza lunch was captured(拍摄) in a photo that Bo's mother,Leah Paske,later shared on Facebook.In her post,Leah revealed her daily worries about Bo's loneliness."Autism might protect him from noticing stares or missed birthday parties,"she wrote,"but my heart aches when he eats alone.The photo quickly went vi- ral,receiving over 14,000 shares and national media attention.Reporters interviewed the pair, and Bo's story inspired countless discussions about autism and kindness. When asked about his act,Rudolph said,"I just wanted to be kind.Everyone deserves re- spect".Bo described the experience as "like sitting on a rainbow".Rudolph signed Bo's lunchbox, turning an ordinary school day into a lifelong mem- ory.Years later,Bo still keeps the signed lunch- box as a cherished reminder of that special mo- ment. 十、定 学考知识必备 用来修饰和限制名词或代词的从句叫定语从 句。它分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.关系代词的用法 引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who, whom,whose等。其用法列表如下： 关系代词在从句 关系代词 先行词 中充当的成分 that 指人或物 主语、宾语、表语 which 指物 主语、宾语、表语 who 主语、宾语 指人 whom 宾语 whose 指人或物 定语 Leah later wrote:"For one day,I didn't wor- ry if my son ate alone.A hero sat across from him.The story reminded the world that small acts of kindness can bridge differences and create light in unexpected places-proving that even brief connections can leave lasting influence on hearts. 1.Where did Rudolph meet Bo? A.At a football field. B.In the school cafeteria. C.At a birthday party. D.At a community event. 2.Why did Rudolph decide to sit with Bo? A.He noticed Bo was alone and wanted to be kind. B.He wanted to become famous on social media. C.The school asked him to help students with autism. D.He was tired of talking to other students. 3.What did Rudolph sign for Bo? A.A football. B.A photo. C.A lunchbox. D.A book. 4.What is the best title for the text? A.Teamwork Wins Football Games B.A Lunch Table Moment That Touched Mil- lions C.Understanding Autism in Schools D.How Social Media Can Make Stories Popular 浯从句 (1)who,whom都用于指人，who在定语从句中作 主语、宾语，whom在定语从句中作宾语。who, whom在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。 The student who is standing outside the class- room is being criticized by the teacher (who/ whom)we consider very strict.站在教室外面的 学生正在被我们认为非常严厉的那位老师 批评。 注意：作宾语时who经常可以与whom互换。 但是，如果直接位于介词之后，只能用whom。 He has two sons,both of whom are teachers. 他有两个儿子，他们都是教师。 (2)that可指人或物，可以代替who,whom和 which,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但 不能作介词的宾语。 The reason that(which)he gave for his being absent sounds reasonable. 他给出的缺席的理由听起来合情合理。 The person that (who)is standing under the big tree is our English teacher. 站在大树下的那个人是我们的英语老师。4.needn't[句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前 不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫。needn't意为“不需 要，不必”。 5.shall[句意：因为截止日期即将到来，不完成工作，任何 人不许离开。shall用于第三人称陈述句中，表示命令、警 告，符合句意。] 6.can't[句意：—你为我做的一切我无论怎么感谢都不 为过。 一不用谢。can not,.,,enough表示“再…也不 为过”。 7.must [句意：Harry觉得不舒服，他昨晚在聚会上肯定 喝太多了。由last night及语境可知，此处表示对过去的 情况肯定的推测。must have done sth.“一定做了 某事”。 Ⅳ.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了科学 家认为外星可能存在智慧生命的原因，如宇宙的时间跨度 长和规模大，还探讨了目前寻找外星智慧生命的情况及未 来的可能性。 l.D[推理判断题。根据第一段“Is there intelligent life on other planets besides Earth?For years,scientists weren't sure.Today,this is changing.Scientists believe intelli- gent life exists elsewhere in the universe.They also think we will soon contact these beings.(除了地球，其他行星 上是否存在智慧生命呢？多年来，科学家们一直不确定。 如今，这种情况正在改变。科学家们认为宇宙中的其他 地方存在智慧生命。他们还认为我们很快就会与这些生 命取得联系。)”以及根据第二段“Why do they think intel- ligent life exists on other planets?（为什么他们认为其他 星球上存在智慧生命呢？)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要 解释了科学家认为外星可能存在智慧生命的原因，如宇 宙的时间跨度长和规模大，还探讨了目前寻找外星智慧 生命的情况及未来的可能性。所以短文的目的是解释为 什么我们可能会在地球以外发现智慧生命。] 2.C[细节理解题。根据第三段“But now,advanced tele scopes(望远镜)allow scientists to identify many more small planets in other solar systems.(但现在，先进的望 远镜使科学家能够在其他太阳系中识别出更多的小行 星。)”可知，先进的望远镜有助于发现更多行星。 3.B[词义猜测题。文章一直在讨论外星是否存在智慧生 命的问题，如第一段“Is there intelligent life on other planets besides Earth?(除地球外，其他行星上是否存在 智慧生命？)”“Scientists believe intelligent life exists else where in the universe.(科学家认为字宙中其他地方存在 智慧生命。)”以及第四段“Have beings from outer space already visited Earth?(外星生物已经访问过地球了 吗？)”“Scientists believe we will make contact with other life forms in our universe within the next 20 years. 家们相信，在未来20年内，我们将与字宙中的其他生命 形式取得联系。)”可知，根据上下文语境，这里的“life forms”指的就是前文提到的外星智慧生物。] 4.A[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scientists believe we will make contact with other life forms in our universe within the next20 years..(科学家们相信，在未来20年 内，我们将与宇宙中的其他生命形式取得联系。)”可知， 科学家们对未来发现智慧生命持积极态度。 八、动词的时态和语态 「学考真题精选] 1.will feature「考查动词时态。句意：今年的戏曲周将展 示新技术。根据时间状语句子用一殷将来时。故填w山 feature。 2.fll[考查动词时态。句意：卢鲁是一名清华大学的交换 生，在2017年首次来到中国，她就爱上了这座城市。根 据时间状语in2017,句子用一般过去时。故填fell.] 3.had 4.running 5.has developed 6.gets 7.asked 8.received 「学考素能提升] I.1.have been made 2.was looking 3.cuts 4.is driving 5.is walking 6.was being robbed 7.expected II.1.were 2.am supposed 3.brings 4.were given 5.are revealed 6.is 7.is 8.have become 9.were pro- duced 10.walks 11.have started 12.be offered 13.was 14.fell 15.wished Ⅲ，[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 在墨尔本乘坐热气球的相关信息，包括飞行时间、亮点、路 线等 l.A[细节理解题。根据第一段“Watch the city's skyline light up at sunrise during a one-hour flight,then enjoy a tasty breakfast.(在一个小时的飞行中，观看日出时城市 的天际线，然后享用美味的早餐。)”可知，乘坐热气球飞 越墨尔本持续一小时。] 2.C[细节理解题。根据Highlights（亮点)：中的“Amaz ing views from the sky(令人惊叹的天空景观)”可知，从 天空中能看到美妙的景色，这是亮点之一 3.B[细节理解题。根据The route(路线)：中的“After landing,you can help pack the balloon (if you want), then return to the Pullman Hotel where you can then stay for breakfast or take a quick 10-minute walk back to the city center,(着陆后，你可以帮忙打包气球 一如果你愿 意的话，然后返回普尔曼酒店，在那里你可以留下来吃早 餐，或者快步走10分钟回到市中心。)”可知，飞行结束后 可以在普尔曼酒店(Pullman Hotel)吃早餐。] 4.D[推理判断题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了在墨 尔本乘坐热气球的相关信息，包括飞行时间、亮点、路线 等，其目的是推广这种特殊的热气球体验。] 九、非谓语动词 学考真题精选] 1.observing L考查非谓语动词。句意：简花了数年时间在 黑猩猩的自然环境中观察它们的行为。spend十时间段十 v.-ing是固定用法，用动名词observing,作宾语。] 2.to care[考查非谓语动词。句意：1977年，她发起了一 个项目，教世界各地的年轻人关爱动物和环境。由于 teach sb.to do sth是固定用法，此处用care的动词不定 式to care,作宾补。] 3.using[考查非谓语动词。句意：在他看来，仅靠使用电 脑特效来建立人与人之间的联系是很难的。空出作介词 宾语，用动名词。故填using。」 4.watching[考查非谓语动词。句意：和往常一样，您可以 在戏曲中心欣赏到各种形式的中国戏曲。enjoy后跟动 名词作宾语。故填watching。 5.used L考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以通过VR技术“参 观”一些历史歌剧所使用的场景。空出作定语，且places 和uSe为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填 used。] 6.winning 7.to continue 8.asked 9.compared 10.to take [学考素能提升] I.1.to see 2.keeping 3.making 4.repairing 5.delivered 6.To be admitted 7.leading 8.copying 9.going 10.remembering II.1.to finish 2.being pushed 3.to be held 4.Drawn 5.to find 6.to present 7.to discover 8.to rent 9.be lieving 10.tied Ⅲ，「语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了明 星橄榄球运动员Rudolph在学校自助餐厅与自闭症男孩Bo 一起吃披萨午餐这一善举，这一简单的举动被拍摄下来并 在网上传播，感动了无数人 l.B[细节理解题。根据第一段“While most students crowded around the athletes,Rudolph noticed a boy sit- ting alone in the cafeteria.The boy,Bo Paske,a sixth grader with autism(自闭症)，often ate lunch by himself. (当大多数学生都围着运动员时，Rudolph注意到一个男 孩独自坐在自助餐厅里。这个男孩名叫Bo Paske,是一 名患有自闭症的六年级学生，他经常一个人吃午饭。)”可 知，Rudolph是在学校的自助餐厅(cafeteria)遇到Bo的。] 2.A[细节理解题。根据第一段“Without hesitation,Ru dolph asked,‘Can I sit with you?’(Rudolph毫不犹豫地 问：‘我能和你坐在一起吗？')”以及第三段Rudolph说的 "I just wanted to be kind.Everyone deserves respect. (我只是想做个好人。每个人都值得尊重。)”可知，Ru- dolph看到Bo独自坐着，他想要友善待人，所以决定和 B0坐在一起。 3.C [细节理解题。根据第三段“Rudolph signed Bo's lunchbox,turning an ordinary school day into a lifelong memory,(Rudolph在Bo的午餐盒上签名，把一个普通 的上学日变成了一生的记忆。)”可知，Rudolph为Bo在 午餐盒(lunchbox)上签名。 4.B[主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章主要讲述了明星 橄榄球运动员Rudolph在学校自助餐厅与自闭症男孩Bo 一起吃披萨午餐这一善举，这一简单的举动被拍摄下来 并在网上传播，感动了无数人。所以B选项“触动数百万 人的午餐桌时刻”准确概括了文章核心内容，适合作 标题。」 十、定语从句 [学考真题精选] 1.who/that 2.who 3.where 4.where 5.that/which 6.which 7.which/that 8.which 9.which 10.which[考查定语从句。 we visited in Britain, 是非限制性定语从句，先行词为The Science Museum。] 「学考素能提升 I.1.(1)that/which (2)that/which (3)which (4)which (5)which 2.(1)who/that (2)who/that (3)who/that (4)that (5)who 3.(1)where (2)where (3)where (4)when (5)which (6)that/which(7)that/in which/不填 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。主要说明了近几十年 全球近视率上升，研究表明年龄、教育程度和种族与近视风 险相关，多户外活动等可降低儿童近视风险。 I.BL细节理解题。根据第一段“A recent study analyzing data from 107,442 UK residents aged 40-69 revealed that age,education level,and ethnicity (are closely linked to short-sightedness risks.(最近的一项研究分析 了来自107442名40至69岁英国居民的数据，结果显示 年龄、教育水平和种族与近视风险密切相关。)”可知，身 高与近视的关系不大。] 2.C[推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers found that there was a higher percentage of short-sightedness in people who were Chinese.In fact,Chinese participants had a 240%greater risk of developing short-sightedness in childhood compared to white participants.Interesting ly,all other ethnic groups appeared to have a reduced risk of developing short-sightedness in childhood.(研究人员 发现，中国人中近视患者的比例更高。事实上，与白人参 与者相比，中国参与者在童年时期患近视的风险高出 240%。有趣的是，其他所有族裔群体在童年时期患近视 的风险似乎都有所降低。)”可知，近视在中国是一个普遍 存在的问题。 3.D[细节理解题。根据最后一段“Spending time out-- doors has continued to demonstrate a protective effect against developing short-sightedness.(户外活动一直被证 明对预防近视有保护作用。)”可知，根据作者的观点，对 于儿童来说，预防近视的有效方法是进行户外活动。] 4.D[主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“In recent decades,global rates of short-sightedness have risen rap- idly.Studies predict that half of the world's population could be short-sighted by 2050.In the UK and Europe alone,cases have doubled over the past 50 years.A re- cent study analyzing data from 107,442 UK residents aged 40-69 revealed that age,education level,and ethnic- ity()are closely linked to short-sightedness risks. (近几十年来，全球近视率急剧上升。研究预测，到2050 年，全球一半的人口可能会患有近视。仅在英国和欧洲地 区，病例数量在过去50年里就翻了一番。最近的一项研究 分析了来自107442名40至69岁英国居民的数据，结果显 示年龄、教育水平和种族与近视风险密切相关。)”可知，这篇 文章主要讲的是近视发病率的上升以及相关风险因素。] 十一、名词性从句 [学考真题精选] 1.what 2.What 3.what 4.how 5.whatever 6.that 7.how 8.where 9.when 10.what [学考素能提升] I.1.that 2.what 3.what 4.that 5.that 6.what 7.What 8.whether 6 II.1.how 2.why 3.what 4.why 5.what 6.where 7.whether 8.how Ⅲ.[语篇解读]文章介绍了一项科学研究，该研究发现观 看悲伤电影反而能让人们感觉更快乐，因为悲伤情绪会促 使人们反思自己的生活。 1.C 「推理判断题。根据第一段中“Do you choose to watch a happy movie or a sad movie when feeling sad or down？(当你感到悲伤或沮丧时，你会选择看一部快乐的 电影还是一部悲伤的电影？)”可知，作者通过提问的方式 引入话题。 2.A[主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Scientists asked some college students to watch a sad movie called Atonement. The movie tells a story of two lovers who were separa ted,and they died at the end of the movie.The college students answered questions from the scientists before, after and three times during the movie because the scien- tists wanted to know about the students'different feel- ings,including the feeling of sadness.(科学家们让一些 大学生观看了一部名为《赎罪》的悲伤电影。这部电影讲 述了一对恋人被分离，最终在电影结尾双双离世的故事 这些大学生在观影前、观影后以及观影期间三次回答了 科学家的问题，因为科学家想了解学生们不同的感受，包 括悲伤的感觉。)”可知，本段主要介绍了科学家是如何进 行这项研究的。] 3.C[细节理解题。根据第四段中“The result showed that people felt better after watching the sad movie.Scientists believed that it was because the movie made the students think about their own lives.(结果显示，人们在观看悲伤 电影后感觉更好。科学家认为，这是因为这部电影让学 生们思考自己的生活。)”以及第五段中“So seeing a sad movie may make you feel bad at first,but that will cause you to think more about your own life and then you will value it more and finally feel much happier,.(因此看一部 悲伤的电影起初可能会让你感觉糟糕，但这会让你更多 地思考自己的生活，然后你会更加珍惜它，最终感觉更快 乐。)”可知，研究结果表明，悲伤电影能促使人们思考，从 而感到更快乐。] 4.D[标题归纳题。通读全文，结合第一段“Do you choose to watch a happy movie or a sad movie when feeling sad or down?I advise you not to watch a happy movie.A sad movie may be right for you.(当你感到悲伤或沮丧时，你 会选择看一部快乐的电影还是一部悲伤的电影？我建议 你不要看快乐的电影。悲伤的电影可能适合你。)”以及 第五段“So seeing a sad movie may make you feel bad at first,but that will cause you to think more about your own life and then you will value it more and finally feel much happier.(因此看一部悲伤的电影起初可能会让你 感觉糟糕，但这会让你更多地思考自己的生活，然后你会 更加珍惜它，最终感觉更快乐)”可知，文章通过科学研究 得出结论：观看悲伤电影能让人感觉更快乐。故D项 “Watch a Sad Movie When Feeling Sad(感到悲伤时观看 悲伤电影)”能概括文章内容，最适合作文章标题。] 十二、状语从句 「学考真题精选] 1.but[考查连词。句意：让她的故事令人印象深刻的不仅 是她的科学成就，还有她相信人类有能力与其他物种和 谐共处。not only..but(also).:是固定短语，表示“不 仅…而且…”，此处要填but。] 2.and[考查连词。句意：拿出手机，立即上网关注我们的 官方账号吧。此处为并列关系，用and连接。] 3.since 4.As 5.because 6.when 7.Once 8.If 学考素能提升] I.1.If 2.since 3.When 4.because 5.Since 6.When 7.Although 8.If 9.When 10.While II.1.While/Although/Though 2.when 3.Although/ While/Though 4.As 5.When/As 6.When/If/Once 7.because 8.that 9.before 10.Whenever 11.When 12.If 13.until 14.Howeyer 15.unless Ⅲ.[语篇解读]文章主要介绍了天津一家餐厅推出机器 人服务，从点菜到烹饪，再到上菜，甚至收款，每一个环节都 是全自动的，机器人餐厅的发展前景良好。