内容正文:
四、
学考知识必备<
代词是用来代替人或物的词。它分为人称代
词、物主代词、不定代词、指示代词等。
一、人称代词
L.主格(I,you,he,she,it;we,you,they),在句中作
主语。
2.宾格(me,you,him,her,it;us,you,them),在句
中作宾语、表语。
二、物主代词
1.名词性(mine,yours,his,hers,its;ours,yours,
theirs),在句中作主语、宾语、表语。
2.形容词性(my,your,his,her,its;our,your,
their),只能放在名词前作定语。
三、不定代词
1.either,both,neither,all,none,any
[either-→肯定含义→作主语时谓语动词常用单数
两者both→肯定含义→作主语时谓语动词用复数
neither-→否定含义→作主语时谓语动词常用单数
(al→肯定含义→作主语时谓语动词的数应与all
三者
所指代的人或事物保持一致
或三
none→否定含义→作主语时谓语动词用单复
者以]数均可,常与of短语连用
上
any→肯定含义→作主语时谓语动词由any指代
的名词或代词不确定,常与of短语连用
(1)There are many trees on either side(=both
sides)of the street.街道的两边有很多树。
(2)Neither answer is correct..两个答案都不对,
(3)Neither of the two cars is mine.
两辆汽车都不是我的。
(4)None of the money is mine.钱都不是我的。
(5)Mr.Smith,headmaster of the school,refused to
accept any of the three suggestions made by the
Students'Union.
校长史密斯先生拒绝接受学生会提出的三条建
议中的任何一条。
(6)All of the food has gone..食物全没了。
2.other,the other,others,the others,another
(1)other作定语时,常与复数名词连用,如果前面
有the,this,that,some,any,each,every,no以
及形容词性物主代词,也可与可数名词单数或
代词
不可数名词连用。others是other的复数形式,
泛指“别的人或物”(但不是全部),不能作定语,
可构成“some.,others..”。
Some students are cleaning the classroom;oth-
ers are playing on the playground.
一些学生在打扫教室,其他人在操场上玩。
(2)the other指“两者中的另一个”,常与one连用,
构成“one..,the other..”(一个…,另一
个…)。the other作定语修饰复数名词时,表
示“其余全部的”。the others特指“其余全部的
人或物”。
The other students in my class are from Italy.
我班其余学生都来自意大利。
(3)another指“再一,另一”,作代词或形容词,用于
表示三者或三者以上中的任何一个。
Please come another day.请改日再来。
3.复合不定代词
某
任何
每个,所有
没有
someone/
anyone/
everyone/
no one/
人
somebody
anybody
everybody
nobody
物something
anything
everything
nothing
(l)everything意为“每件事,一切事”,可用于肯定
句、疑问句或否定句中。
I hope everything goes well..我希望一切顺利。
(2)something意为“某事,某物”,形容词、不定式作
定语时,要放在该词的后面。用于肯定句、疑问
句和条件句时,表示肯定意义。
Are you trying to hide something from me?
你是不是有什么事瞒着我?
I'll try and get you something to eat.
我将设法给你弄点儿吃的。
(3)anything意为“任何事,任何东西”,一般用于否
定句或疑问句中。
Can you hear anything'?你能听到什么声音吗?
(4)nothing意为“没有什么,没有一件东西”。
Tom saw nothing.汤姆什么也没看见。
四、指示代词
指示
用法
例句
代词
替代上文出现的“同
He bought several
类”事物,但不是“同
books and lent one
一”事物,泛指同类事
one
tome.他买了几本书
物中的一个,所替代
并借给了我一本。
的名词必须是可数
(one=a book)
名词
替代前面提到的单数
The book on the desk is
名词,且表特指。有时
better than the one under
the one
可用that替代(尤其
the desk.书桌上面的那本
是在有后置定语的情
书比书桌下面的那本好。
况下)
替代上文出现的“同
类”事物,所替代的名
The weather here is colder
词可以是可数名词单
that
than that of Henan,这儿
数,也可以是不可数名
的天气比河南的天气冷。
词,其后常跟介词短语
作后置定语
替代上文出现的“同
The weather is cold.I
一”事物,被替代的名
don't like it.it the
火
词可以是可数名词单
weather)天气很冷,我不
数,也可以是不可数
喜欢。
名词
五、t的用法
1.指代前面提到过的事物。
The book on the desk is not mine.It is Jim's.
桌子上那本书不是我的。它是Jim的。
2.代替指示代词this或that。
What's that?
那是什么?
-It is a pencil.
它是一支铅笔。
3.指代婴儿或不明身份的人。
Someone is knocking at the door.Please go and
see who it is.
有人敲门,请去看看是谁。
4.指代时间或季节。
-What's the time now?
几点啦?
-It's ten o'clock.
十点。
5.指代天气。
What's the weather like today?
一今天天气怎么样?
-It's sunny.
一是晴天。
6.指代距离。
How far is it from your school to your home?
从学校到你家有多远?
7.用作形式主语,常用于下列句型中:
(1)It is+adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.
It is important for us to work hard.
对我们来说努力学习很重要。
(2)It's time to do/for/that...
It's time to get up/for lunch/that we went
home.
该起床/吃午饭/回家了。
(3)It seems that...看起来好像…
It seems that they know what they're doing.
看来,他们知道自己在干什么。
(4)t'sone's turn to do..轮到某人做…
It's your turn to sing.
该你唱歌了。
(5)It's+adj.+that从句
It is necessary that everyone be there in time.
大家都按时到达那里是必要的。
8.作形式宾语。
Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in
line?
你认为学会排队等候有必要吗?
学考真题精选
单句语法填空
1.(2026·陕西学业水平合格性考试)She found
that chimps had special ways to express
(they).
2.(2026·湖南学业水平合格性考试)To the fre-
quently asked question,"What's
(you)
favorite film?"my answer is Crouching Tiger,
Hidden.
3.(2026·广东学业水平合格性考试)You can
learn to sing traditional Chinese opera from
Miss Yang,
(we)opera teacher.
4.(2024-2025·湖南学业水平考试)With the
blind man's help,Polly got to
(she)
living place,King Street.
5.(2025·广东学业水平考试)He posted a sign on
the front door that read:"What a free coffee?
Walk in and give
(we)your best dance
moves for5 seconds!”
6.(2025·陕西学业水平考试)Under
(he)leadership,China successfully launched its
first man-made satellite in 1970.
学考素能提升<
I.选词填空(二选一)
1.Is
(it/that)better to be a big frog in a
small pond or a small frog in a big pond?
2.-I can't find my eraser.May I use
(your/yours)?
-Of course.
3.-Which colour would you choose,purple or
white?
Either/Both),in case I need a
change.
4.If you're buying a newspaper from the shop,
could you get
(one/it)for me?
5.-Which of those ties do you like best?
(None/Neither).They are all too
expensive and don't go well with my new suit.
6.This project requires close teamwork.
(Nothing/Anything)will be achieved unless we
work well together.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2026·山东学业水平合格性考试模拟)Many of
(we)are under a lot of pressure be-
cause of the busy nature of modern life.
2.(2026·山东学业水平合格性考试模拟)Iwil
try to do some housework by
(D),such
as washing my own clothes and cleaning my
room.
3.(2026·山东学业水平合格性考试模拟)The
company's name,meaning Build Your
Dreams”,reflects
(it)ambitious vi-
sion.
4.(2026·山东学业水平合格性考试模拟)Iang
Ping became the head coach of China's women's
national volleyball team.Meanwhile,Liu Guo-
liang became our head coach of the national table
tennis team.
of them brought great
honor to our country.
5.(2025·全国二卷)Over time,I've found
(I)feeling extremely at home here.
6.(2025·湖南学业水平考试模拟)Now,some
people still hang dogwood in
(they)
houses on this day.
2
7.(2025·辽宁学业水平考试模拟)Then,a girl
came up to me and introduced
(she)
with a bright smile.
8.(2025·湖南模拟)Class discussion is very im-
portant in the UK,but sometimes I wasn't able
to express
(me).
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.他总是乐意帮助别人。
He is always ready to
2.公司里的每个成员都有特定的工作要做。
the company is giv-
en a particular job to do.
3.你可以在你随时方便的时候来。
You may come
that
is convenient to you.
4.昨天没有发生什么特殊的事情。
happened yesterday.
5.他说的每一句话我都听得很仔细。
I listened carefully to
he
said.
V.阅读理解
(2026·陕西学业水平合格性考试)Music fes
tivals are for everyone!Here are some of the top
music festivals across America this festival season.
Coachella Music Festival Indio,California
As one of the most famous music and arts fes-
tivals in the world,Coachella brings together a di-
verse range of artists and music styles,from rock
to hip-hop.It is not only a celebration of music but
also a showcase of art,with exhibits and visual ex-
periences.
Electric Daisy Carnival Las Vegas,Nevada
This festival is one of the world's largest elec-
tronic dance music (EDM)festivals.It is not just
about the music;it's a sensory journey,combining
advanced technology,colorful visuals,and a sense
of community among partygoers,making it a high-
light of the global EDM festivals.
Pickathon Happy Valley,Oregon
Known for its relaxing,community-driven at-
mosphere,Pickathon focuses on a variety of music
types,including folk,world music,and more.
The festival is recognized for its theme on an eco-
friendly environment with a commitment to reduc-
ing its environmental impact.
When We Were Young Las Vegas,Nevada
This festival,celebrating the old-time sounds
of the early 2000s,brings together some of the
biggest names from the pop-punk scenes,featuring
legendary bands and artists from the 2000s.The event
offers a trip down memory lane for those who fond-
ly remember the golden era of pop-punk music.
1.Which festival will attract electronic dance music
lovers?
A.Pickathon.
B.When We Were Young.
C.Electric Daisy Carnival.
D.Coachella Music Festival.
五、
学考知识必备
用来表明名词、代词与句中其他词的关系的词
叫介词。介词是虚词,不能单独作句子成分,需要
和它后面的词共同充当句子成分。
一、表示“时间”的介词
1.at,on,in
介词
意义
例子
at six o'clock在6点
钟;at daybreak在黎
表示“在…期
明;at noon在中午;
at
间,在…时刻,
at night在夜间;at
在…岁时”
Christmas在圣诞节
期间;at the age of
five在五岁时
on(the morning of)
March18在3月18
表示“在具体某
日(早晨);on Sunday
on
天或某天的上午
在周日;on Monday
下午、晚上”
afternoon在周
下午
in the 20th century
在20世纪;in1999
表示“在某世纪、在l999年;in winter
年、季度、月、周以在冬季;in September
in
及泛指的上午、下在9月;in the morn
午、晚上”
ing/afternoon/eve-
ning在上午/下午/
晚上
2.What do Pickathon and When We Were Young
have in common?
A.They offer an eco-friendly trip.
B.They are held in the same state.
C.They each have a central theme.
D.They perform traditional music.
3.In which section of the newspaper would this
text most likely appear?
A.Business.
B.Health.
C.Science.
D.Culture.
介词
[巧学妙记]
巧记介词at,in,on表时间的用法:
at用在时刻前,亦与正午、午夜连,黎明、终止和
开端,at与之紧相伴。
周、月、季、年、长时间,i须放在其前面,泛指一
响和傍晚,也要放在in后面。
on指特定某一天,日期、星期和节日前,某天上
下午和夜晚,依然要在on后面,
今明昨天前后天,上下这那每之前,at,in,on都
不填,此乃习惯记心间。
注:“上下这那每之前”是指last/next/this/that/
every之前。
2.for,during,through
介词
意义
例句
表示“长达…
She has been ill for
for
(时间)”,后接时
several days..她已经
间段
病了几天了。
I was in France for
表示“在…期
two weeks during
during
间”
the summer..夏天我
去了法国两个星期。
They worked through
表示“一直,自始
through
the night.他们通宵
至终”
工作。
3名词的数。句意同上。afternoon“下午”是可数名词,此处
指不止一个下午,应用复数形式afternoons。故填after
noons。」
8.times
[考查名词。句意:由于人们现在选择穿更多衣服
的次数更少了,服装租赁服务越来越受欢迎。time表示
“次数”时是可数名词,fewer修饰可数名词复数形式。故
填times.
9.solution[考查名词。句意:坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服
装租赁,而不是让她们直接购买,为一次性活动着装提供
了一个更便宜的解决方案。提示词作宾语,用名词solu
tion,意为“解决方案”,有冠词a修饰,用单数形式。故填
solution。
l0.people's[考查名词所有格。句意:“我真的想让这个
(服装租绩服务)适合如今人们的生活,我知道这并不总
是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服,”她说。
提示词修饰名词lives,需用名词所有格people's,作定
语。故填people's。]
11.inventor
[考查名词。句意:本杰明·富兰克林是一位
著名的科学家、作家、印刷商、发明家和政治家。此处需
要一个表示“发明家”的名词,与前面的“scientist,writ
er,printer'”和下文的“politician”并列,invent是动词,其
名词形式为inventor。故填inventor。
l2.experiment's[考查名词的所有格。,句意:虽然有人怀
疑实验的安全性,但富兰克林的工作推动了电学的研
究。他的贡献在科学界仍有影响力。表示“实验的”安全
性,用名词所有格,experiment的所有格是experiment's。故
填experiment's。]
13.actions
[考查名词复数。句意:如果无害的行为是有害
行为的对立面,为什么无耻的行为和可耻的行为是一样
的呢?根据空后的are可知,主语应用复数形式,action
是可数名词,应用复数形式。故填actions。]
14.birds 15.muscles
Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作
者对设计的热爱以及从制作衣物到制作鞋子,并最终确定
未来职业方向的经历。
l.A[细节理解题。根据第一段“Then three years ago,I
began making shoes,and I now spend my free time doing
that,(三年前,我开始制作鞋子,现在我把业余时间都用
来做这个。)”可知,从前两段我们可以知道作者三年前开
始做鞋。】
2.C[细节理解题。根据第三段“The teachers were excel
lent.That's what was best about the classes.(老师们都
很优秀。这就是课程最好的地方。)”可知,作者最喜欢这
些课程的一点是那里的老师很优秀。]
3.C[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“At the moment I'm
making a pair of trainers(运动鞋)using an old pair of
jeans,but I've used all kinds of different things before,
from old leather handbags to old cotton dresses!(目前找
正在用一条旧牛仔裤做一双运动鞋,但我以前用过各种
不同的东西,从旧皮革手袋到旧棉质连衣裙!)”可知,作
者现在用旧牛仔裤做运动鞋。
4.B[细节理解题。根据最后一段“I've decided I'lldo
home design,(我决定做家居设计。)”可知,作者将来想成
为家居设计师。」
三、形容词和副词
[学考真题精选]
1.unusual[考查形容词。句意:在那时,女性住在森林里
是不寻常的,但简从未想过放弃。所填词在was后作表
语,要用形容词:此处表达“不寻常的”含义,要将usual变
成反义词unusual。
2.extremely[考查副词。句意:简所做的一切对于黑猩猩
的生存极其重要,这不断激励人们去了解并保护野生动
物。所填词作状语修饰形容词important,要将形容词ex
treme变成副词extremely。」
3.interesting
「考查形容词。句意:除了武术,这部有趣的
电影还巧妙地运用了中国美丽的山川、森林和沙漠。此
处作定语修饰名词film,指物,用interesting。」
4.carefully L考查副词。句意:事实上,它是在全国各地的
不同地点精心制作而成的。空处用副词修饰动词,填
carefully。
5.quickly 6.frightened 7.powerful 8.immediately;so-
cial
[学考素能提升]
I.1.enjoyable 2.never 3.lucky 4.popular
5.better
6.somehow 7.shocking 8.much
II.1.seemingly 2.cheaper 3.entirely 4.descriptive
5.less 6.properly 7.strategic/strategical digitally
8.central 9.dangerous 10.really 11.typically 12.lar-
gest 13.terribly 14.important 15.especially
Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。
主要讲的是每年全
球存在大量的食物浪费现象,食物浪费不仅对人类不利,还
对环境有害,包括造成全球变暖、污染水体以及浪费自然资
源等,因此减少食物浪费对我们所有人都很重要。
1.B[细节理解题。根据第一段“We waste1.3 billion
tons of food every year..(我们每年浪费l3亿吨食物。)”
可知,每年有13亿吨食物被浪费。」
2.A[细节理解题。根据第二段“There are also chemicals
that come out of the food and go into the soil.When it
rains,the chemicals then go into our rivers and lakes.As
a result,food waste seriously harms our bodies of water.
(还有一些化学物质从食物中出来进入土壤。下雨时,这
些化学物质就会进入我们的河流和湖泊。因此,食物浪
费严重损害了我们的水体。)”可知,当这些化学物质进入
河流和湖泊,水体会受到严重损害。门
3.D[细节理解题。根据第三段“If we waste this food,we
waste our planet's natural resources..(知果我们浪费这
些食物,我们就浪费了地球的自然资源。)”可知,浪费食
物就是浪费自然资源。」
4.C[推理判断题。根据最后一段“For these reasons,itis
important for us all to reduce our food waste.(由于这些
原因,减少食物浪费对我们所有人都很重要。)”可知,作
者在下一段可能会谈论减少食物浪费的方法。]
四、代词
「学考真题精选
1.themselves
[考查代词。句意:她发现黑猩猩有独特的
方式表达它们自己。所填词作express的宾语,与主语
chimps是对应关系,即“猩猩表达自己”,要将they变成
反身代词themselves。」
2.yOur[考查代词。句意:对于经常被问到的“你最喜欢的
电影是什么?”这个问题,我的回答是《卧虎藏龙》。空出
作定语,修饰名词,用形容词性物主代词,故填your。]
3.our
考查代词。句意:你可以向杨老师学习中国传统戏
曲,她是我们的戏曲老师。空出作定语,修饰名词,用形
容词性物主代词,故填our。」
4.her 5.us 6.his
学考素能提升]
I.1.it[it作形式主语,代替后面的不定式。]
2.yours[此处yours相当于your eraser。]
3.Both 4.one 5.None 6.Nothing
II.1.us 2.myself 3.its 4.Both 5.myself 6.their
7.herself 8.myself
Il.1.help others 2.Each member of 3.at any time
4.Nothing special 5.every word
N,[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是美国
各地的音乐节
l.C「细节理解题。根据Electric Daisy Carnival Las Ve
gas,Nevada部分“This festival is one of the world'slar
gest electronic dance music(EDM)festivals.(这个音乐
节是世界上最大的电子舞曲(EDM)音乐节之一。)”可知,
Electric Daisy Carnival会吸引电子舞曲爱好者。故选
C。]
2.C[细节理解题。根据Pickathon|Happy Valley,Ore
gon部分“The festival is recognized for its theme on an
eco-friendly environment with a commitment to reducing
its environmental impact.(该节日以环保为主题,致力于
减少对环境的影响。)”和When We Were Young Las
Vegas,Nevada部分“This festival,celebrating the old-
time sounds of the early 2000s,brings together some of
the biggest names from the pop-punk scenes,featuring
legendary bands and artists from the2000s.(这个节日,
庆祝21世纪初的旧时代声音,汇集了流行朋克场景中的
一些最知名的人物,展示了21世纪的传奇乐队和艺术
家。)”可知,这两个节日都有一个中心主题。故选C。]
3.D[推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是第一段“Music festi-
vals are for everyone!Here are some of the top music fes-
tivals across America this festival season.(音乐节适合每
个人!以下是这个音乐节季美国各地的一些顶级音乐
节。)”可知,本文主要介绍了美国各地的音乐节,这些音
乐节是文化活动的一部分,因此最有可能出现在报纸的
文化版块。故选D。]
五、介词
[学考真题精选]
1.in[考查介词。句意:所有这些因素使其在电影史上取
得了巨大成功。在某领域,某方面,介词用in。]
2.in[考查介词。句意:她也对京剧产生了兴趣。become
interested in对……感兴趣,为固定短语。故填in。]
3.on
4.of 5.in 6.In 7.of 8.of
[学考素能提升]
I.1.over 2.in 3.to 4.on 5.against 6.with 7.for
8.at
Ⅱ.1.on[考查介词。句意:我将目光一直投向右边一位
女士,试图模仿她的动作,但不幸的是,很快便失去了专
注。固定搭配keep one's eyes on sb./sth.(紧盯某人/
某物),填0n。」
2.for[考查介词。设空处考查的是短语“trade A for B”的
固定搭配,表示“用物品A换取物品B”:根据句意可知,
此处指的是“百姓以家中富余物资交换自身所需物资”
介词for体现交换对象,故填for。
3.in[考查介词。句意:我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在
怀里,一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。固定搭配in one's arms
表示“在某人的怀里”。故填in。】
4.i[考查介词。句意:它还能帮助你培养用英语思考的
能力。in English为固定搭配,意为“用英语”。故填in。]
5.by[考查介词。句意:一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅
一两分的优势击败对手,以表示对对方的尊重。“by十具
体数值”表示“以(某一差值)”,此处指“以一到两分的优
势”,符合语境。故填by。
6.for[考查介词。句意:我生命中没有任何事情能让我为
这一切做好准备一
一可以肯定的是,我第一次来到这里
时,从未想过我会在这个地方感到舒适。prepare sb.
for.“使某人为…做好准备”,固定搭配。
7.0[考查介词。句意:如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手
的这一事实,而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿,并且不会
把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当,也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。
focus on是固定短语,意为“关注,聚焦于”。
,故填on。」
8.i句意:我们进行了深入的交谈,发现我们有很多共同
之处。have,,,in common表示“有…共同之处”,是固定
短语。]
9.of 10.on
Ⅲ,[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三项运动,
均为两队参与,规则各有不同:
L.D[细节理解题。根据第二段“The players use two
things:one long stick,called a danda and a short egg
shaped bat,called a gilli.(玩家使用两种东西:一根长
棍,叫做danda,还有一个短的蛋形球拍,叫做gilli。.)”可
知,gli是一种蛋形的球拍。
2.DL细节理解题。根据第三段“Players try to push the
puck along the bottom of a swimming pool into the other
team's goal..(玩家们试图将puck沿着游泳池底部推到对
方球队的球门里。)”可知,O℃TOPUSH在游泳池中进行。]
3.B[细节理解题。根据文中对三项运动的描述:CYCLE
BALL中“There are two teams..(有两支队伍。)”;GILL
DANDA中“There are two teams.(有两支队伍。)”;OC
TOPUSH中“There are two teams.(有两支队伍。)”可知,
三项运动的共同,点是比赛中都有两支队伍。]
N.[参考范文]
Good afternoon,everyone!
I'm Li Hua,a senior one student from Hongxing High
School.Nowadays,there is a growing focus on health care.
People are pursuing a healthy lifestyle.A healthy diet is one
of the most important parts of it.
As the saying goes,bread is the staff of life.Eating
healthily and deliciously is the goal we pursue.From my
point of view,in order to build healthy eating habits,we
should eat more vegetables,which are rich in vitamins.
Among them,vitamin C and vitamin A are the most impor-
tant.Too much fat and sugar can lead to obesity,which is
harmful to health.Besides,eating more fruits and drinking
more water is of great help.
I hope we can live in a healthy life.Let's take action.
Thanks for your listening!
六、动词和动词短语
[学考真题精选]
l.believed[考查动词。句意:那时,他相信这样做会有所
帮助。根据时间状语,句子用一般过去时。故填believed。]
2.has[考查动词。句意:她说,…“我确实相信艺术没有
国界。我希望我能和中国以外的人分享我的兴趣。”此处主
语art为单数第三人称,谓语用单数形式。故填has。]
3.entered 4.scored 5.arrived 6.pays 7.were
[学考素能提升]
I.1.complain 2.value 3.spare 4.exercise 5.charges
6.received 7.realized 8.benefit
II.1.went off 2.look forward to 3.talked up 4.come
up with 5.figure out 6.emptying out 7.trying out
8.cut off 9.shouted at 10.went through
Ill.1.agree with 2.settle down 3.are friendly to
4.dressing up 5.gave him away 6.pick up
7.Turn to 8.lead to
Ⅳ,[语篇解读]作者儿时家乡河道污水横流、脏乱不堪,
多年后政府大力整治生态,河流焕然一新,成为人们休闲放
松的好去处,作者由此感悟到保护环境的意义与团结的
力量。
l.B[细节理解题。根据第一段“The water was black and
smelly,because many factories poured wastewater into
t,(那里的水是黑色且散发着恶臭的,因为许多工厂将废
水排入了其中。)”可知,当这位作家还是个小女孩的时
候,那条河是黑色的且散发着恶臭。故选B。]
2.C[细节理解题。根据第三段“She told me that the gov
ernment started to clean the river 8 years ago.They
closed the polluting factories along the river,cleaned up
the waste,and planted lots of trees and flowers.They al-
so set up rules to stop people from throwing rubbish into
the river.(她告诉我,政府在8年前就开始清理这条河流
了。他们关闭了沿河的污染工厂,清理了废弃物,并种下
了大量的树木和花卉。他们还制定了规定,禁止人们向
河里丢弃垃圾。)”可知,政府采取行动来改变这条河流是
为了改善环境和人们的居住条件。故选C。」
3.B[句意猜测题。根据划线词后文“It shows that people
have learned to respect and protect nature.(这表明人们
已经学会了尊重和保护自然。)”可知,河流蜕变不仅是环
境改观,更体现人们学会尊重、保护自然,思想观念也随
之转变,故划线句意思是“环境的变化也改变了人们对自
然的看法”。故选B。」
4.CL推理判断题。根据最后一段“And only by working
together can we make our hometown a better place to live
i.(只有齐心协力,我们才能让我们的家乡变得更加宜
居。)”可知,通力合作能够促成重大变革的实现。故选
C。]
七、情态动词
学考真题精选]
1.should
2.must 3.may 4.may 5.can 6.can
7.can
[学考素能提升]
I.1.can't 2.should 3.must 4.can't 5.should
6.can't 7.can 8.can 9.Shall 10.must
Ⅱ.l.may:can2.may
3.should 4.could 5.must
6.would 7.can 8.should/must 9.might 10.can
Ⅲ.1.can't[句意:你不能指望孩子在你抱怨洗碗机太满
时,还能满怀热情地完成自己的任务。此处表示否定判
断。故填can't。
2.needn'tL考查情态动词。句意:实际上我本不必买这么
多食物的—一只有三个人来啊。needn't have done表示
没必要做某事,实际上已经做了。故填needn't。]
3.mustn't[考查情态动词。句意:在埃及,未经许可不得
拍摄他人照片。mustn't表示“禁止,不许”。故填
mustn't。