专题04 阅读理解（记叙文+议论文）（期中真题汇编，新疆专用）高二英语上学期

**基本信息** 以“人与社会”等主题语境为核心，精选袁隆平、Ada Lovelace等真实人物及科技、文化案例，融合细节理解与推理判断，兼具时代性与人文性。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|约48题|细节理解（如袁隆平出生年份）、推理判断（如作者对新技术态度）、词义猜测（如“parroting”）|问题设计梯度分明，基础题占比60%（事实细节），能力题聚焦思维品质（如观点推断），素材贴近社会热点与文化传承|

可学科网 www zxxk.com 专题04阅读理解（记叙文 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.B Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.B3.C4B Passage 3 【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.C 主题语境02人与社会-科学与技术 【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.B 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.C Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.C 主题语境02人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.A 主题语境03人与社会-科学与技术 1/2 让教与学更高效 +议论文) 可学科网 www.zxxk com 让教与学更高效 【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.C 主题语境04人与自我-生活与学习 【答案】1.C2.C3.B4.A 主题语境05人与自然-自然生态 【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.D 拓展培优 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.C2.A3.C4.B 主题语境02人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 【答案】1.D2.D3.D4.D 主题语境03人与自我-生活与学习 【答案】1.A2.B3.A4.C 2/2 专题04 阅读理解（记叙文+议论文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·新疆喀什·期中）Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, was one of China’s most famous scientists. Yet, he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land in his research. Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life. Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing. His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine. However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. To tackle this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. After graduating in 1953, he worked as a researcher. Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. How this could be done was a challenging question at the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. The common assumption then was that it could not be done. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly. Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam. Because of his invaluable contributions, Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad. Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure. However, this is far from the case. Deep down, Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart. As a man of the soil, he cared little for celebrity or money. Instead, he made large donations to support agricultural research. What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. Long ago, he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum, with each ear of rice as big as a broom, and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut. He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad. His later vision for “seawater rice” also became a reality, and potentially opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production. Even in his later years, Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up next. 1.What is Yuan Longping known as? A. The father of hybrid rice. B. The father of wheat. C. The father of corn. D. The father of vegetables. 2.When was Yuan Longping born? A. 1920. B. 1930. C. 1940. D. 1950. 3.In which college did Yuan Longping receive his education? A. Southeast Agricultural College. B. Northwest Agricultural College. C. Southwest Agricultural College. D. Northeast Agricultural College. 4.What is one characteristic of hybrid crops? A. They have lower yields than conventional crops. B. They usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. C. They are more difficult to grow. D. They need larger fields. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·新疆·期中）Yuan Longping, a world-famous Chinese scientist, is known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice.” He was born in Beijing in 1930 and devoted his whole life to solving the problem of global hunger. In the 1960s, China faced serious food shortages, and many people went hungry. Yuan was deeply moved by this and decided to study rice, hoping to develop a high-yield rice variety that could feed more people. At that time, most scientists thought hybrid rice was impossible to develop. But Yuan didn’t give up. He worked in rice fields for hours every day, even in hot summer or cold winter. He collected thousands of rice samples and did countless experiments. Finally, in 1973, he successfully developed the first hybrid rice variety. This variety produced 20% more rice per unit area than traditional rice, which means it could feed millions more people each year. Over the years, Yuan continued to improve hybrid rice. His research has been introduced to many countries, such as India, Vietnam, and the Philippines, helping these countries increase their rice production. In 2001, Yuan won the State Supreme Science and Technology Award, one of China’s highest honors. Even in his 80s, he still worked in the fields, trying to develop better rice varieties. Yuan’s story shows that dedication and perseverance can make great contributions to humanity. 1.What is Yuan Longping known as? A. The “Father of Space Station” B. The “Father of Hybrid Rice” C. The “Father of Malaria Treatment” D. The “Father of High-Speed Trains” 2.Why did Yuan Longping decide to study rice? A. To make more money B. To solve the problem of global hunger C. To win international awards D. To work in different countries 3.When did Yuan Longping develop the first hybrid rice variety? A. In 1930 B. In 1960 C. In 1973 D. In 2001 4.Which award did Yuan Longping win in 2001? A. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine B. The State Supreme Science and Technology Award C. The World Food Prize D. The Turing Award Passage 3 （25-26高二上·新疆巴楚县第二中学·期中）Meet my new friend Marco. He says “Ciao!” This means “hello” in his language. Marco travelled with me this afternoon. See his family on the orange-shaped ball? Can you find his shape? It looks like a high - heeled boot (高跟鞋). It has the name of his country on a stamp. I was amazed by its shape. Do you like this ball on the world map? Marco told me that football in his country is well - known for super - fast cars. He told me that they have Alfa Romeo, Ferrari and Lamborghini. He also loves soccer! He calls it “Calcio”. He told me that they won four World Cup soccer meets in 2006! When he shared this with me, he was very excited and full of pride. Marc’s family also was amazed to find that I was more than 2500 years old! We walked around and soon I felt hungry. I noticed that people there eat pasta (意大利面食) at least once a day. The different sauces and toppings (配料) can be served with different toppings and sauces. The cappuccino and focaccia bread also made me happy. I never thought the Italians adopted so much of their food! The people in this country celebrate many holidays and they all have family. The festival atmosphere makes everyone happy. I visited this country in March and enjoy the Bologna Children’s Book Fair. It is held for four days every year in the city of Bologna. Then again, the Leaning Tower of Pisa, which was really wonderful! Before I said goodbye, I also went to visit the city of Venice and the city of Florence. Can you guess the name of this country? 1.What did the author mention about Marco’s country in the first paragraph? A. Its flag. B. Its population. C. Its culture. D. Its transportation. 2.How did the author feel about Marco’s country in the national sport? A. Proud. B. Excited. C. Worried. D. Thankful. 3.What does the author think of Marco's country? A. It has a lot of food. B. It makes Marco feel bored. C. It has spread around the world. D. It has a long history. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. A friendship. B. To celebrate a festival. C. To introduce a country. D. To explain a cultural difference. 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·新疆喀什·期中）This morning I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”. In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon. On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well-known are the Amish; a group of Christians living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities. On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years, For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programmes give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media. Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network. My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. 1.What headline did the author see this morning? A. Driverless Car Company Apologises. B. Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode. C. Public Supports Driverless Cars. D. Amish Reject New Technology. 2.Who are the Amish? A. A group of Christians living in rural America. B. A group of scientists developing new technology. C. A group of city dwellers in Europe. D. A group of farmers in Asia. 3.What benefit of new technology is mentioned in the article? A. Making people live a simple life like the Amish B. Causing more car accidents C. Providing warnings about natural disasters D. Making cities more polluted 4.What is the author’s attitude towards new technology? A. Oppose it completely B. Accept it positively C. Ignore it D. Fear it greatly 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·新疆音郭楞蒙古自治州且末县第一中·期中）Ever since my daughter Gabi was just a young child, she has been curious about the world around her, always ready to ask “why” and “how” questions. I thought it could be fun to talk to my daughter about female scientists. I discovered there was a scientist, Ada Lovelace. She had a love for mathematics and a belief that computers can be used to finish many tasks humans do. I told Gabi about Lovelace's contributions to the field and the impact she had on me as a scientist and mathematician. Today, computers are such an essential part of our daily lives; we can’t imagine living without them. The idea that computers can go beyond just calculating numbers and perform any abstract operation is the phenomenon of our technology. However, not everyone knows that this idea dates back to long before the first programmable, general-purpose digital computer was introduced in the 1940s. This concept goes back to the 1800s, thanks to Loveluce, a pioneer in mathematics and computing, who was recognized as the first computer programmer. Lovelace also held her belief that while computers had endless potential, they could not be truly intelligent. She argued that AI can’t create anything original without learning from human input. This is still true today as AI becomes increasingly common in our everyday lives. While ChatGPT and similar AI tools may seem to have a “mind” of their own, those tools are simply parroting human-generated content on the internet. Lovelace was an incredibly intelligent woman, who contributed so much to mathematics and computer science. Her enthusiasm and determination led her to look further and search deeper. I hope Loyelace will inspire my daughter and other young girls to consider following in her footsteps. 1.What can be learned about Gabi? A. She has great admiration for Lovelace. B. She has a dream of becoming a scientist. C. She shows strong curiosity about the world. D. She believes computers are as smart as humans. 2.What does the author stress in paragraph 2? A. The invention of computers. B. Lovelace’s contribution to science. C. The development of technology. D. Lovelace’s education background. 3.What does the underlined word “parroting” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Repeating. B. Creating. C. Appreciating. D. Imagining. 4.What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text? A. To show her interest in science. B. To explain the significance of computers. C. To provide an example for girls to follow. D. To demonstrate the disadvantage of computers. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·新疆昌吉回族自治州第一中学·期中）Ada Lovelace was born on December 10th 1815. Ada’s mother and father (the famous poet Lord George Gordon Byron) parted just weeks after she was born. Her mother feared her growing up with her father’s changeable nature. To stop this from happening, Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics which was unusual for women at the time. She was also punished if her work was not up to standard. However, she was greatly interested in mathematics and science and would perhaps have learned about them on her own. Ada was partially disabled and as a result spent much time studying. Ada knew of her mother’s thought about keeping the creative side of her from germinating (萌芽) however, as Ada herself is known to have said, “If you can’t give me poetry at least give me poetical science.” Ada married at 19, to William King who was made Earl of Lovelace in 1838, at which point she became Lady Ada King, the Countess of Lovelace, but was known as Ada Lovelace. Ada and King had a relatively happy marriage, with King even encouraging his wife’s love for numbers. During her youth Ada was introduced to the Scot, Mary Somerville, who was known as the “Queen of 19th Century Science” and was the first woman to be accepted into the Royal Astronomical Society. It was through Mary Somerville that Ada first heard of Charles Babbage’s idea for a new calculating (计算) engine. Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life. Ada met Babbage when she was around 17 and the two became close friends. Babbage was working on an “Analytical Engine”, something he was designing to deal with complex ( 复杂的) calculations. Ada was later asked to translate an article. She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations (创新). Her notes were published in 1843 and it turned out that what she had written was so original, it is now seen as the first comprehensive comment on what would become modern-day computer programming. Although impressive, Ada was not actually given credit for the article until 1848. 1.What happened to Ada in her childhood? A. She was pushed to learn scientific knowledge. B. She had to compare herself with other women. C. She gave up learning because of her father’s nature. D. She had no father any more. 2.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean? A. Ada thought poetry was boring. B. Ada thought science was creative. C. Ada was interested in both science and poetry. D. Ada believed poetry was harder than science. 3.What decided Ada’s professional life? A. Ada was introduced to the Scot, Mary Somerville. B. Somerville’s suggestions. C. Her husband’s encouragement. D. Her communication with Babbage. 4.What did Ada do after she met Babbage? A. She taught people how to program. B. She invented an “Analytical Engine”. C. She translated an article and developed it. D. She praised Babbage’s achievements. 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高二上·新疆生产建设兵团第二师八一中学·期中）Coming into the town of Santa Catarin a Palopó, in the highlands of Lake Atitlan inGuatemala, the first thing you notice is the bright colors. Most of the buildings along the main street are eye-catching, in deep blues and greens, dotted with red and yellow to form diverse patterns and designs. Santa Catarin a Palopo was once a sleepy town of 5,000 people, most of them dependent on agricultural work. But as agriculture began to dry up here, poverty came. To deal with poverty and promote economic growth through tourism, a small but creative group of laborers, artisans, domestic workers and stay-at-home moms created the Pintando Santa Catarina Palopo project. The project aimed to paint all 850 homes and buildings in bright colors to change the hillside town into a work of art. “We wanted to paint the houses with colors and figures that represent the community,” says the project's executive director Stephany Blanco. “Families can choose designs for their house that are representative of the family.” One of the most representative characteristics of the region is the blue huipil, a traditional blouse which has been worn commonly by local women since the 16th century.That deep sky blue was chosen as the primary color for the Pintando project, with secondary colors found in the sunsets and the nearby lake to make the design more attractive. Inspiration was also found in local culture, symbols such as volcanoes, flowers, and the national bird ofGuatemala. Each week, local artists, community members and tourists pick up paintbrushes to make buildings colorful. “At first, the idea of the project was uncertain, but now you can see a considerable difference in the town,” Melissa Whitbeck said. “The color of the buildings is believed to improve the quality of life of the people. It uplifts the people's mood and encourages them to be proud of their hometown.” 1.Why was the Pintando Santa Catarina Palopo project started? A. Because of a workforce shortage. B. Due to the poor economic conditions. C. Thanks to the increase in population. D. For the old-fashioned farming ways. 2.What is the project about? A. Building family art galleries in Guatemala. B. Creating job opportunities for local artists. C. Developing local tourism by selling artworks. D. Changing the town into a cultural destination. 3.What is the inspiration of the primary color for the project? A. The surrounding volcanoes. B. Mayan-styled butterflies. C. A type of traditional clothing. D. The national bird of Guatemala. 4.What is Melissa’ s attitude towards the project? A. Positive. B. Critical. C. Concerned. D. Doubtful. 主题语境03 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·新疆巴楚县第二中学·期中）The rapid development in artificial intelligence, or AI, has had the effect of bothering and transforming socioeconomic activities across industries ranging from health, trade, education and even the improvement of climate change. However, as industries and governments across the globe are ready to take advantage of these possibilities, experts added that Africa needs supportive policies and improved facilities to seize the limitless opportunities of AI to quicken its development. Moreover, the experts said that the continent should not wait to have the rules in place in order to welcome the technology. Fayaz King, an expert in digital public facilities from Zimbabwe, said AI has the potential to contribute up to $1.2 trillion to the African economy by 2030, representing a 5.6 percent increase in the continent’s GDP by 2030. Alfred Ongere, an information technology expert and the founder of Artificial Intelligence Kenya, a nongovernmental organization, said it is of much importance to manage AI in African countries because it can potentially be used in spreading misinformation, fake news, and disinformation. However, policymakers should first improve the state of the AI ecosystem. Despite arguing against proper control by African governments, Ongere said that it is still significant to protect consumers from the risks caused by the uncontrolled application of AI on the continent. He appealed to African governments to develop an AI road map or policy paper without forcing rules that could potentially damage a promising sector. “AI-focused solutions should solve real-world challenges such as rural development and financial crisis. More importantly, efforts should be directed toward ensuring the commercial viability (商业可行性) of these solutions,” Ongere said. King said that managing AI in Africa should deal with moral considerations such as data privacy, prejudice and transparency (透明性). As the use of AI continues to expand, it is likely that more countries will follow in introducing such regulations. “The question of management, especially in the African context is that Africa is not mature to have complete and sound rules on AI because Africa lacks the level of technology development that exists in developed nations.” King said. 1.What does the author want to stress in paragraph 1? A. The effect of climate change on AI. B. The AI’s influence on various fields. C. The breakthroughs of trade industry. D. The rapid development of education. 2.Why is it important to control AI in African countries? A. It can be illegally spread. B. It may affect ecosystems. C. It can be improperly used. D. It may ruin economic state. 3.Which of the following statement would Ongere agree with? A. AI should focus on actual problems. B. AI can avoid ethical considerations. C. AI can help people draw up policies. D. AI should protect users’ data privacy. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Africa’s Shortage of Policies In Rules B. She Future of AI technology In Africa C. Africa’s Calls to Control AI Grow Louder D. AI’s Contributions to the African Economy 主题语境04 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·新疆疏附县·期中）As I was walking home, a boy seemed to be singing a song in a very low voice, walking in front of me and carrying some of the same high school books I had with me. I caught him up, and said “Hello”. I could tell he was startled (吃惊的), and dropped one of his books. I picked it up and as I handed it to him, he said “Thank you” in a strange way, like with a strong accent. We soon began walking together and talking. It turned out that he was in my science class, and I didn’t even know it! His name was Nado, and his family had just moved here this school year. He invited me to his home, and his family treated me like a special guest, which made me feel very welcome. He said hospitality (好客) was very basic to his culture, and strangers were always treated very kindly. His mom brought out some great food, and offered me some tea. Nado’s father and two sisters wanted to hear all about me and my family, and my schooling. Nado’s whole family had to leave their lifelong home because war had broken out, and it wasn’t safe there anymore. They left with only what they could carry. His family was happy to feel safe, and they got used to American culture quickly. They seemed pleased that Nado had brought a friend home to meet them. And as my friendship with Nado has continued, I now realize that the world is much bigger than I thought! I also realize that your friends don’t have to be just like you. Differences make the world go around. 1.Why was the author treated like a special guest by Nado’s family? A. They liked strangers who came to their home for help. B. They wanted to know more information about the author. C. Strangers were always treated very kindly in their culture. D. The author was an American and knew much about their culture. 2.How many people at least are there in Nado’s family? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six 3.Where does the author probably come from? A. Canada. B. America. C. China. D. Australia. 4.What can we infer from the passage? A. People from different countries can be good friends. B. Friends need different cultures and different accents. C. Your friends and you should have a lot of mutual interests. D. You can’t make friends with people from other countries. 主题语境05 人与自然-自然生态 （25-26高二上·新疆维吾尔自治区霍城县伊·期中）Ruby was a police dog with the Rhode Island State Police, but she didn’t always work with them. Ruby was once a handful who was in and out of the shelter. She was returned five times by different families. She was considered unadoptable because of her high energy and she was just unmanageable. The shelter workers thought her energy may be put to work. They reached the state police, who wanted to give Ruby a second chance and decided to try her out as a rescue dog. O’ Neil was picked to be her handler (驯犬员). “We have something in common. When I was younger, I couldn’t focus and I wasn’t good at school. But no one really ever gave up on me, “O’ Neil said.” I think that’s why we were bound to be together.” A normal dog could be trained in months. For Ruby, it took a year and a half, but O’ Neil didn’t want to give up on her. Finally, she was a police dog. Six years later, she became even more than that-a hero. “We got a call stating there was a missing boy, and we just went out and started searching. After eight hours, Ruby ran down a hill. I looked over the hill and saw the injured boy,” O’ Neil recalled. O’ Neil went to tell the mother that the boy was found alive and told her a police dog helped save her son. Then they realised a surprising connection: the boy’s mum once worked at an animal shelter. “There was a dog that I heard became a state trooper (兵)a few years ago. The dog was named Ruby. She was the sweetest thing,” she told him. “Are you kidding?” O’ Neil said. “That dog that you helped for all those times to get adopted just saved your son’s life.” 1.What does the underlined word “handful” in paragraph I most likely mean? A. A highly intelligent dog. B. A difficult-to-control dog. C. A very popular dog. D. An easy-to-handle dog. 2.What was Ruby’s situation before becoming a police dog? A. She moved between different shelters. B. She was trained as a rescue dog. C. She worked as a guard dog. D. She lived with a family. 3.What is the key reason for Ruby’s successful transformation according to the passage? A. The professional training from the police B. O’ Neil’s refusal to give up on her. C. Ruby’s strong will to succeed. D. Ruby’s own high energy level. 4.What was the unexpected relationship between Ruby and the boy’s mother? A. The mother’s family had once adopted Ruby. B. Ruby had saved the mother on a previous occasion. C. The mother had once been Ruby’s trainer at the shelter. D. The mother had previously worked at Ruby’s animal shelter. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·新疆维吾尔自治区巴楚县第一中·期中）The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students’ perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile—and he left with one too. “These students gave me the confidence that I didn’t need to feel bad about my age,” Valencia says. One day, I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class. Sure, I said. But he wouldn’t get any credit. No problem, he said. Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class. A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,”says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. There is something splendidly unreasonable about Valencia’s determination to get a four-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper on the wall. But that doesn’t seem especially relevant. He’s found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating. Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts(成绩单). But I’m giving him an A—and in the most important ways, it counts. 1.What made Valencia different from his classmates? A. He was respectful to the teacher. B. He activated the class atmosphere. C. He was eager to learn despite his age. D. He often put forward different opinions. 2.According to the author, why did Valencia continue to attend classes? A. He treasured the chance of learning. B. He wished to show his determination. C. He needed the credits to further his study. D. He desired to have an A on his transcripts. 3.Which of the following best describes Valencia? A. Modest and independent. B. Energetic and generous. C. Enthusiastic and motivated. D. Considerate and intelligent. 4.What can we learn from the passage? A. No pains, no gains. B. It is never too old to learn. C. Strike the iron while it is hot. D. Where there is life, there is hope. 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高二上·新疆克拉玛依独山子区第二中学·期中）An Indonesian librarian is lending books to children in exchange for trash they collect in a novel way to clean up the environment and get the kids to read more. Each weekday, Raden Roro Hendarti, a librarian in Indonesia’s Java Island rides her three-wheeler with books piled up at the back for children in Muntang village to exchange for plastic cups, bags and other waste that she carries back. As soon as she shows up, little children, many accompanied by their mothers, surround her “Trash Library” and ask loudly for the books. They are all carrying trash bags and Raden’s three-wheeler quickly fills up with them as the books fly out. She’s happy the kids are going to spend less time on online games as a result. “Let us get kids to read more and build a culture of literacy from a young age,” Raden said. “We should also take care of our waste in order to fight against climate change and to save the earth from trash,” she said. She collects about 100 kg of waste each week, which is then sorted out by her colleagues and sent for recycling or sold. She has a stock of 6,000 books to lend and wants to take the mobile service to neighboring areas as well. Kevin Alamsyah, an eager 11-year-old reader, looks for waste lying in the village. “When there is too much trash, our environment will become dirty and it’s not healthy. That’s why I look for trash to borrow a book,” he says. The literacy rate for above-15-year-olds in Indonesia is around 96 percent, but a September report by the World Bank warned that the pandemic will leave more than 80% of 15-year-olds below the minimum reading level identified by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. 1.What is “Trash Library” like? A. Well-decorated. B. Noisy and dirty. C. Relaxing. D. Popular. 2.Why does Raden run the “Trash Library”? A. To fight against climate change. B. To collect trash for money. C. To help kids get away from online games. D. To get kids to read more and care for the environment. 3.What can we infer from the passage? A. Indonesia’s environmental situation is worrying. B. People in Indonesia has a very low literacy rate. C. The trash library has been introduced to many other cities. D. The pandemic has a negative effect on teenagers’ reading. 4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. A Novel Way to Improve Library B. The Indonesian System for Reading C. Your Trash Benefiting the Environment D. Your Collected Trash for Our Books 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·新疆生产建设兵团第二中学·期中）Though I am a female scientist, I have face blindness. I can see faces, but the individual details, such as the distance between the eyes or the shape of the nose, are fuzzy. As a result, recognizing faces — something so instant and unconscious for most — is a major challenge. Over the years I developed my own ways of dealing with the problem. To distinguish people, I relied on cues — like the way a person walks and a habitual lunch spot. There were many embarrassing moments as I pursued my career. But overall, I was managing. Then, I often worked at home. As interactions moved online, suddenly everyone became a stranger. For my peace of mind, I needed to get to the bottom of why I see the world so differently from most people. Through a combination of luck and privilege, I connected with a specialist who gave me an official diagnosis (诊断). Even though I had already essentially diagnosed myself, it was a relief to have a professional put a formal name to it. More importantly, I realized I had to face reality. Now if I’m going to an event where I’m expected to know people, I send an e-mail explaining that if I ignore them, it won’t be intentional. I’ve found that people are less likely to be offended when they know beforehand. But sometimes I feel like something out of a science-fiction plot. A recent presentation titled You Don’t Belong Here was intended to show how some environments can be exclusionary (排斥的) and what can be done to address that. As the presenters alternated between acting out scenes and commenting on them, I left feeling exactly as the title said. It would have been a great help if they had explained at the beginning that they were going to switch roles. People with disabilities exist, and we need our co-workers to think broadly about accessibility and inclusion. Let’s create an environment where we all feel like we belong. 1.What is wrong with the author? A. She can’t tell faces apart. B. She can’t see faces instantly. C. She lacks facial expressions. D. She always keeps a straight face. 2.What made the author decide to seek professional help? A. Her wrong self-diagnosis. B. The rise in online interactions. C. A specialist’s recommendation. D. The chance of a promotion. 3.Which is mentioned as the author’s way of handling face blindness? A. Sending others an e-mail ahead of time. B. Learning the style people like to wear. C. Meeting more friends in regular places. D. Drawing co-workers’ faces in a notebook. 4.What can we infer from paragraph 5? A. The author is bad at getting along with others. B. Science fiction is an inspiration for the author. C. The author loses a sense of belonging in some environments. D. Having face blindness makes the author stand out in public. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（记叙文+议论文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·新疆喀什·期中）Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, was one of China’s most famous scientists. Yet, he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land in his research. Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life. Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing. His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine. However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. To tackle this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. After graduating in 1953, he worked as a researcher. Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. How this could be done was a challenging question at the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. The common assumption then was that it could not be done. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly. Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam. Because of his invaluable contributions, Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad. Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure. However, this is far from the case. Deep down, Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart. As a man of the soil, he cared little for celebrity or money. Instead, he made large donations to support agricultural research. What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. Long ago, he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum, with each ear of rice as big as a broom, and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut. He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad. His later vision for “seawater rice” also became a reality, and potentially opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production. Even in his later years, Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up next. 1.What is Yuan Longping known as? A. The father of hybrid rice. B. The father of wheat. C. The father of corn. D. The father of vegetables. 2.When was Yuan Longping born? A. 1920. B. 1930. C. 1940. D. 1950. 3.In which college did Yuan Longping receive his education? A. Southeast Agricultural College. B. Northwest Agricultural College. C. Southwest Agricultural College. D. Northeast Agricultural College. 4.What is one characteristic of hybrid crops? A. They have lower yields than conventional crops. B. They usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. C. They are more difficult to grow. D. They need larger fields. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的生平事迹、科研成就及其对世界粮食问题的巨大贡献。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Yuan Longping, known as the ‘father of hybrid rice’, was one of China’s most famous scientists.(袁隆平被称为‘杂交水稻之父’，是中国最著名的科学家之一。)”可知，他被誉为杂交水稻之父。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.(袁隆平于1930年出生在北京。)”可知，他出生于1930年。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“To tackle this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.(为了解决这一危机，他选择学习农业，并在重庆的西南农学院接受了教育。)”可知，他在西南农学院就读。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.(杂交作物的一个特点是，它们通常比传统作物获得更高的产量。)”可知，杂交作物的一个特点是它们通常比传统作物产量更高。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·新疆·期中）Yuan Longping, a world-famous Chinese scientist, is known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice.” He was born in Beijing in 1930 and devoted his whole life to solving the problem of global hunger. In the 1960s, China faced serious food shortages, and many people went hungry. Yuan was deeply moved by this and decided to study rice, hoping to develop a high-yield rice variety that could feed more people. At that time, most scientists thought hybrid rice was impossible to develop. But Yuan didn’t give up. He worked in rice fields for hours every day, even in hot summer or cold winter. He collected thousands of rice samples and did countless experiments. Finally, in 1973, he successfully developed the first hybrid rice variety. This variety produced 20% more rice per unit area than traditional rice, which means it could feed millions more people each year. Over the years, Yuan continued to improve hybrid rice. His research has been introduced to many countries, such as India, Vietnam, and the Philippines, helping these countries increase their rice production. In 2001, Yuan won the State Supreme Science and Technology Award, one of China’s highest honors. Even in his 80s, he still worked in the fields, trying to develop better rice varieties. Yuan’s story shows that dedication and perseverance can make great contributions to humanity. 1.What is Yuan Longping known as? A. The “Father of Space Station” B. The “Father of Hybrid Rice” C. The “Father of Malaria Treatment” D. The “Father of High-Speed Trains” 2.Why did Yuan Longping decide to study rice? A. To make more money B. To solve the problem of global hunger C. To win international awards D. To work in different countries 3.When did Yuan Longping develop the first hybrid rice variety? A. In 1930 B. In 1960 C. In 1973 D. In 2001 4.Which award did Yuan Longping win in 2001? A. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine B. The State Supreme Science and Technology Award C. The World Food Prize D. The Turing Award 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“杂交水稻之父”中国科学家——袁隆平的贡献以及事迹。他毕生致力于解决全球饥饿问题，成功研发出高产杂交水稻，帮助多国提高产量，还荣获了中国最高荣誉之一的国家最高科技奖。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Yuan Longping, a world-famous Chinese scientist, is known as the ‘Father of Hybrid Rice.’(袁隆平，一位享誉全球的中国科学家，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。)”可知，袁隆平被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“ He was born in Beijing in 1930 and devoted his whole life to solving the problem of global hunger.(他于 1930 年出生在北京，毕生致力于解决全球饥饿问题。)”以及“Yuan was deeply moved by this and decided to study rice, hoping to develop a high-yield rice variety that could feed more people.(袁隆平对此深受触动，于是决定研究水稻，希望能培育出一种高产的水稻品种，以养活更多的人。)”可知，袁隆平决定研究水稻是为了解决全球饥饿问题。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Finally, in 1973, he successfully developed the first hybrid rice variety.(最终，在 1973 年，他成功培育出了首个杂交水稻品种。)”可知，袁隆平在1973年成功培育出了第一个杂交水稻品种。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“ In 2001, Yuan won the State Supreme Science and Technology Award, one of China’s highest honors. (2001 年，袁隆平获得了国家最高科学技术奖，这是中国所设立的最高荣誉奖项之一。)”可知，袁隆平在2001年获得了中国最高荣誉之一的国家最高科学技术奖。故选B。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·新疆巴楚县第二中学·期中）Meet my new friend Marco. He says “Ciao!” This means “hello” in his language. Marco travelled with me this afternoon. See his family on the orange-shaped ball? Can you find his shape? It looks like a high - heeled boot (高跟鞋). It has the name of his country on a stamp. I was amazed by its shape. Do you like this ball on the world map? Marco told me that football in his country is well - known for super - fast cars. He told me that they have Alfa Romeo, Ferrari and Lamborghini. He also loves soccer! He calls it “Calcio”. He told me that they won four World Cup soccer meets in 2006! When he shared this with me, he was very excited and full of pride. Marc’s family also was amazed to find that I was more than 2500 years old! We walked around and soon I felt hungry. I noticed that people there eat pasta (意大利面食) at least once a day. The different sauces and toppings (配料) can be served with different toppings and sauces. The cappuccino and focaccia bread also made me happy. I never thought the Italians adopted so much of their food! The people in this country celebrate many holidays and they all have family. The festival atmosphere makes everyone happy. I visited this country in March and enjoy the Bologna Children’s Book Fair. It is held for four days every year in the city of Bologna. Then again, the Leaning Tower of Pisa, which was really wonderful! Before I said goodbye, I also went to visit the city of Venice and the city of Florence. Can you guess the name of this country? 1.What did the author mention about Marco’s country in the first paragraph? A. Its flag. B. Its population. C. Its culture. D. Its transportation. 2.How did the author feel about Marco’s country in the national sport? A. Proud. B. Excited. C. Worried. D. Thankful. 3.What does the author think of Marco's country? A. It has a lot of food. B. It makes Marco feel bored. C. It has spread around the world. D. It has a long history. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. A friendship. B. To celebrate a festival. C. To introduce a country. D. To explain a cultural difference. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. D　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过新朋友Marco的介绍，了解意大利的地理、足球、饮食、节日及名胜等相关情况。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“See his family on the orange-shaped ball? Can you find his shape? It looks like a high - heeled boot (高跟鞋).(看看橙色球上的他的国家？你能找到它的形状吗？它看起来像一只高跟鞋)”可知，第一段提到了意大利的形状，属于文化方面。故选C。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中“When he shared this with me, he was very excited and full of pride.(当他和我分享这个的时候，他非常兴奋，充满了自豪)”可知，作者对意大利的国球运动感到兴奋。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Marco’s family also was amazed to find that I was more than 2500 years old!(马可的家人也惊讶地发现我有2500多年的历史了！)”可知，作者认为意大利历史悠久。故选D。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Can you guess the name of this country?(你能猜出这个国家的名字吗?)”以及全文对意大利的地理、足球、饮食、节日及名胜的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了意大利这个国家。故选C。 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·新疆喀什·期中）This morning I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”. In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon. On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well-known are the Amish; a group of Christians living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities. On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years, For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programmes give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media. Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network. My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. 1.What headline did the author see this morning? A. Driverless Car Company Apologises. B. Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode. C. Public Supports Driverless Cars. D. Amish Reject New Technology. 2.Who are the Amish? A. A group of Christians living in rural America. B. A group of scientists developing new technology. C. A group of city dwellers in Europe. D. A group of farmers in Asia. 3.What benefit of new technology is mentioned in the article? A. Making people live a simple life like the Amish B. Causing more car accidents C. Providing warnings about natural disasters D. Making cities more polluted 4.What is the author’s attitude towards new technology? A. Oppose it completely B. Accept it positively C. Ignore it D. Fear it greatly 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕新技术（以无人驾驶汽车为例）展开讨论，既提及反对声音与阿米什人的传统生活，也阐述新技术的益处，最终表达作者对新技术的积极接纳态度。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This morning I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”.(今天早上，我看到了一个令人震惊的标题：“无人驾驶模式下汽车坠毁，一名乘客死亡”)”可知，作者今早看到的标题是“无人驾驶模式下汽车坠毁，一名乘客死亡”。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Probably the most well-known are the Amish; a group of Christians living in rural America.(最著名的可能是阿米什人，这是一群生活在美国农村的基督徒)”可知，阿米什人是生活在美国农村的基督徒群体。故选A项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programmes give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives.(例如，最新的天气跟踪计算机程序会向人们发出许多关于潜在自然灾害的警告，这拯救了许多人的生命)”可知，文章提到的新技术益处之一是能提供自然灾害预警。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.(尽管如此，我总会看到变化的积极面并接纳它，而不是抗拒它)”可推知，作者对新技术持积极接纳的态度。故选B项。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·新疆音郭楞蒙古自治州且末县第一中·期中）Ever since my daughter Gabi was just a young child, she has been curious about the world around her, always ready to ask “why” and “how” questions. I thought it could be fun to talk to my daughter about female scientists. I discovered there was a scientist, Ada Lovelace. She had a love for mathematics and a belief that computers can be used to finish many tasks humans do. I told Gabi about Lovelace's contributions to the field and the impact she had on me as a scientist and mathematician. Today, computers are such an essential part of our daily lives; we can’t imagine living without them. The idea that computers can go beyond just calculating numbers and perform any abstract operation is the phenomenon of our technology. However, not everyone knows that this idea dates back to long before the first programmable, general-purpose digital computer was introduced in the 1940s. This concept goes back to the 1800s, thanks to Loveluce, a pioneer in mathematics and computing, who was recognized as the first computer programmer. Lovelace also held her belief that while computers had endless potential, they could not be truly intelligent. She argued that AI can’t create anything original without learning from human input. This is still true today as AI becomes increasingly common in our everyday lives. While ChatGPT and similar AI tools may seem to have a “mind” of their own, those tools are simply parroting human-generated content on the internet. Lovelace was an incredibly intelligent woman, who contributed so much to mathematics and computer science. Her enthusiasm and determination led her to look further and search deeper. I hope Loyelace will inspire my daughter and other young girls to consider following in her footsteps. 1.What can be learned about Gabi? A. She has great admiration for Lovelace. B. She has a dream of becoming a scientist. C. She shows strong curiosity about the world. D. She believes computers are as smart as humans. 2.What does the author stress in paragraph 2? A. The invention of computers. B. Lovelace’s contribution to science. C. The development of technology. D. Lovelace’s education background. 3.What does the underlined word “parroting” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Repeating. B. Creating. C. Appreciating. D. Imagining. 4.What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text? A. To show her interest in science. B. To explain the significance of computers. C. To provide an example for girls to follow. D. To demonstrate the disadvantage of computers. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与女儿Gabi谈论女科学家Ada Lovelace的故事，介绍了Lovelace对科学的贡献及其对后代的启发。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Ever since my daughter Gabi was just a young child, she has been curious about the world around her, always ready to ask “why” and “how” questions. I thought it could be fun to talk to my daughter about female scientists.(自从我的女儿Gabi还是个孩子时，她就对周围的世界充满了好奇，总是准备好问‘为什么’和‘如何’这样的问题)”可知，Gabi对世界充满了强烈的好奇心。故选C。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“However, not everyone knows that this idea dates back to long before the first programmable, general-purpose digital computer was introduced in the 1940s. This concept goes back to the 1800s, thanks to Loveluce, a pioneer in mathematics and computing, who was recognized as the first computer programmer.(然而，并不是每个人都知道，这个想法可以追溯到20世纪40年代第一台可编程的通用数字计算机问世之前很久。这个概念可以追溯到19世纪，多亏了Loveluce，数学和计算的先驱，她被认为是第一个计算机程序员)”可推知，此段强调了Lovelace对科学的贡献。故选B。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段的“Lovelace also held her belief that while computers had endless potential, they could not be truly intelligent. She argued that AI can’t create anything original without learning from human input (洛夫莱斯还认为，虽然计算机有无限的潜力，但它们不可能真正智能。她认为，如果不从人类输入中学习，人工智能就无法创造出任何原创的东西)”可知，洛夫莱斯认为计算机不可能真正智能，不从人类输入中学习就无法创造出任何原创的东西；结合划线词所在句中的让步状语从句“While ChatGPT and similar AI tools may seem to have a “mind” of their own(虽然ChatGPT和类似的人工智能工具似乎有自己的‘思想’)”可知，“those tools are simply parroting human-generated content on the internet(这些工具只是在互联网上parroting人类生成的内容)”表达的意思是“这些工具只是重复人类生成的内容”，即这些内容不是这些工具原创的，划线词“parroting”的意思是“重复”，与repeating同义。故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I hope Loyelace will inspire my daughter and other young girls to consider following in her footsteps.(我希望Lovelace能够激励我的女儿和其他年轻女孩考虑追随她的脚步)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了提供一个女孩们可以效仿的榜样。故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·新疆昌吉回族自治州第一中学·期中）Ada Lovelace was born on December 10th 1815. Ada’s mother and father (the famous poet Lord George Gordon Byron) parted just weeks after she was born. Her mother feared her growing up with her father’s changeable nature. To stop this from happening, Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics which was unusual for women at the time. She was also punished if her work was not up to standard. However, she was greatly interested in mathematics and science and would perhaps have learned about them on her own. Ada was partially disabled and as a result spent much time studying. Ada knew of her mother’s thought about keeping the creative side of her from germinating (萌芽) however, as Ada herself is known to have said, “If you can’t give me poetry at least give me poetical science.” Ada married at 19, to William King who was made Earl of Lovelace in 1838, at which point she became Lady Ada King, the Countess of Lovelace, but was known as Ada Lovelace. Ada and King had a relatively happy marriage, with King even encouraging his wife’s love for numbers. During her youth Ada was introduced to the Scot, Mary Somerville, who was known as the “Queen of 19th Century Science” and was the first woman to be accepted into the Royal Astronomical Society. It was through Mary Somerville that Ada first heard of Charles Babbage’s idea for a new calculating (计算) engine. Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life. Ada met Babbage when she was around 17 and the two became close friends. Babbage was working on an “Analytical Engine”, something he was designing to deal with complex ( 复杂的) calculations. Ada was later asked to translate an article. She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations (创新). Her notes were published in 1843 and it turned out that what she had written was so original, it is now seen as the first comprehensive comment on what would become modern-day computer programming. Although impressive, Ada was not actually given credit for the article until 1848. 1.What happened to Ada in her childhood? A. She was pushed to learn scientific knowledge. B. She had to compare herself with other women. C. She gave up learning because of her father’s nature. D. She had no father any more. 2.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean? A. Ada thought poetry was boring. B. Ada thought science was creative. C. Ada was interested in both science and poetry. D. Ada believed poetry was harder than science. 3.What decided Ada’s professional life? A. Ada was introduced to the Scot, Mary Somerville. B. Somerville’s suggestions. C. Her husband’s encouragement. D. Her communication with Babbage. 4.What did Ada do after she met Babbage? A. She taught people how to program. B. She invented an “Analytical Engine”. C. She translated an article and developed it. D. She praised Babbage’s achievements. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. D　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了女科学家阿达·洛芙莱斯的主要事迹，展现了她对科学知识的热爱。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“To stop this from happening, Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics which was unusual for women at the time. (为了阻止这种情况的发生，艾达的母亲强迫她学习科学和数学，这在当时的女性中并不常见。)”可知，阿达的母亲强迫她学习科学知识。故选A。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Ada’s mother and father (the famous poet Lord George Gordon Byron) parted just weeks after she was born. Her mother feared her growing up with her father’s changeable nature. To stop this from happening, Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics which was unusual for women at the time.(艾达的母亲和父亲(著名诗人乔治·戈登·拜伦勋爵)在她出生几周后就分手了。她的母亲担心她在父亲喜怒无常的性格下长大。为了阻止这种情况的发生，艾达的母亲强迫她学习科学和数学，这在当时的女性中并不常见。)”可知，阿达的父亲是英国诗人拜伦。她的父母分开之后，她的母亲不愿阿达继承拜伦身上感性、多变的特质，于是她强迫阿达学习数学和科学，并对她严格要求。对于母亲的想法，阿达了然于心。划线处与上文中的“keeping the creative side of her from germinating(让她的创造力无法萌发)”为顺承关系，目的是为了引出阿达说的话“如果不让我学习诗歌，那么至少让我学习富有诗意的科学”。结合上文中提到的阿达对数学表现出了浓厚的兴趣，我们可以推断，阿达将 poetry和science进行比较，说明她认为科学如诗歌般具有创造性。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life.(被这个想法吸引，阿达开始和他一起写信，后来决定了她的职业生涯。)”可知，阿达与查尔斯·巴贝奇针对科学知识展开的交流一定程度上决定了阿达以后的职业生涯。故选D。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations (创新).(她不仅翻译了这篇文章，还添加了一页又一页的注释、计算和创新。)”可知，她不仅翻译了学术文章，并加注了很多自己原创的见解。故选C。 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高二上·新疆生产建设兵团第二师八一中学·期中）Coming into the town of Santa Catarin a Palopó, in the highlands of Lake Atitlan inGuatemala, the first thing you notice is the bright colors. Most of the buildings along the main street are eye-catching, in deep blues and greens, dotted with red and yellow to form diverse patterns and designs. Santa Catarin a Palopo was once a sleepy town of 5,000 people, most of them dependent on agricultural work. But as agriculture began to dry up here, poverty came. To deal with poverty and promote economic growth through tourism, a small but creative group of laborers, artisans, domestic workers and stay-at-home moms created the Pintando Santa Catarina Palopo project. The project aimed to paint all 850 homes and buildings in bright colors to change the hillside town into a work of art. “We wanted to paint the houses with colors and figures that represent the community,” says the project's executive director Stephany Blanco. “Families can choose designs for their house that are representative of the family.” One of the most representative characteristics of the region is the blue huipil, a traditional blouse which has been worn commonly by local women since the 16th century.That deep sky blue was chosen as the primary color for the Pintando project, with secondary colors found in the sunsets and the nearby lake to make the design more attractive. Inspiration was also found in local culture, symbols such as volcanoes, flowers, and the national bird ofGuatemala. Each week, local artists, community members and tourists pick up paintbrushes to make buildings colorful. “At first, the idea of the project was uncertain, but now you can see a considerable difference in the town,” Melissa Whitbeck said. “The color of the buildings is believed to improve the quality of life of the people. It uplifts the people's mood and encourages them to be proud of their hometown.” 1.Why was the Pintando Santa Catarina Palopo project started? A. Because of a workforce shortage. B. Due to the poor economic conditions. C. Thanks to the increase in population. D. For the old-fashioned farming ways. 2.What is the project about? A. Building family art galleries in Guatemala. B. Creating job opportunities for local artists. C. Developing local tourism by selling artworks. D. Changing the town into a cultural destination. 3.What is the inspiration of the primary color for the project? A. The surrounding volcanoes. B. Mayan-styled butterflies. C. A type of traditional clothing. D. The national bird of Guatemala. 4.What is Melissa’ s attitude towards the project? A. Positive. B. Critical. C. Concerned. D. Doubtful. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了危地马拉阿蒂特兰湖高地上的圣卡塔琳娜-帕洛波小镇，为了摆脱贫困、发展旅游，居民自发把整座山城涂成绚丽“画布”，使其成为文化目的地，从而改善生活的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But as agriculture began to dry up here, poverty came. To deal with poverty and promote economic growth through tourism, a small but creative group of laborers, artisans, domestic workers and stay-at-home moms created the Pintando Santa Catarina Palopo project. (但随着这里的农业开始枯竭，贫困来了。为了解决贫困问题，并通过旅游业促进经济增长，一个由劳工、工匠、家政工人和全职妈妈组成的小而富有创造力的团体创建了Pintando Santa Catarina Palopo项目。)”可知，Pintando Santa Catarina Palopo项目启动的直接原因是经济困顿、贫困加剧。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To deal with poverty and promote economic growth through tourism, a small but creative group of laborers, artisans, domestic workers and stay-at-home moms created the Pintando Santa Catarina Palopo project. (为了解决贫困问题，并通过旅游业促进经济增长，一个由劳工、工匠、家政工人和全职妈妈组成的小而富有创造力的团体创建了Pintando Santa Catarina Palopo项目。)”及第三段中的“The project aimed to paint all 850 homes and buildings in bright colors to change the hillside town into a work of art. (该项目旨在将所有850个住宅和建筑涂成明亮的颜色，将山坡小镇变成一件艺术品。)”可知，该项目的核心目标是把小镇整体变成艺术品，从而吸引游客、打造文化目的地。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“One of the most representative characteristics of the region is the blue huipil, a traditional blouse which has been worn commonly by local women since the 16th century.That deep sky blue was chosen as the primary color for the Pintando project, with secondary colors found in the sunsets and the nearby lake to make the design more attractive. (该地区最具代表性的特征之一是蓝色的徽衫，这是一种自16世纪以来当地妇女普遍穿着的传统衬衫。深天蓝色被选为Pintando项目的主色调，在日落和附近的湖泊中发现次要颜色，使设计更具吸引力。)”可知，一种传统服装是项目主色调的灵感来源。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““At first, the idea of the project was uncertain, but now you can see a considerable difference in the town,” Melissa Whitbeck said. “The color of the buildings is believed to improve the quality of life of the people. It uplifts the people's mood and encourages them to be proud of their hometown.” (“起初，这个项目的想法是不确定的，但现在你可以看到镇上有很大的不同，” Melissa Whitbeck说。“建筑的颜色被认为可以提高人们的生活质量。它振奋了人们的情绪，鼓励他们为家乡感到骄傲。”)”可推知，她对项目成效表示赞赏与肯定，态度积极。故选A。 主题语境03 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·新疆巴楚县第二中学·期中）The rapid development in artificial intelligence, or AI, has had the effect of bothering and transforming socioeconomic activities across industries ranging from health, trade, education and even the improvement of climate change. However, as industries and governments across the globe are ready to take advantage of these possibilities, experts added that Africa needs supportive policies and improved facilities to seize the limitless opportunities of AI to quicken its development. Moreover, the experts said that the continent should not wait to have the rules in place in order to welcome the technology. Fayaz King, an expert in digital public facilities from Zimbabwe, said AI has the potential to contribute up to $1.2 trillion to the African economy by 2030, representing a 5.6 percent increase in the continent’s GDP by 2030. Alfred Ongere, an information technology expert and the founder of Artificial Intelligence Kenya, a nongovernmental organization, said it is of much importance to manage AI in African countries because it can potentially be used in spreading misinformation, fake news, and disinformation. However, policymakers should first improve the state of the AI ecosystem. Despite arguing against proper control by African governments, Ongere said that it is still significant to protect consumers from the risks caused by the uncontrolled application of AI on the continent. He appealed to African governments to develop an AI road map or policy paper without forcing rules that could potentially damage a promising sector. “AI-focused solutions should solve real-world challenges such as rural development and financial crisis. More importantly, efforts should be directed toward ensuring the commercial viability (商业可行性) of these solutions,” Ongere said. King said that managing AI in Africa should deal with moral considerations such as data privacy, prejudice and transparency (透明性). As the use of AI continues to expand, it is likely that more countries will follow in introducing such regulations. “The question of management, especially in the African context is that Africa is not mature to have complete and sound rules on AI because Africa lacks the level of technology development that exists in developed nations.” King said. 1.What does the author want to stress in paragraph 1? A. The effect of climate change on AI. B. The AI’s influence on various fields. C. The breakthroughs of trade industry. D. The rapid development of education. 2.Why is it important to control AI in African countries? A. It can be illegally spread. B. It may affect ecosystems. C. It can be improperly used. D. It may ruin economic state. 3.Which of the following statement would Ongere agree with? A. AI should focus on actual problems. B. AI can avoid ethical considerations. C. AI can help people draw up policies. D. AI should protect users’ data privacy. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Africa’s Shortage of Policies In Rules B. She Future of AI technology In Africa C. Africa’s Calls to Control AI Grow Louder D. AI’s Contributions to the African Economy 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇议论文。本文探讨人工智能在非洲发展的机遇与挑战，分析非洲国家在AI监管和政策制定方面面临的困境，强调平衡技术创新与风险管控的重要性。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“The rapid development in artificial intelligence, or AI, has had the effect of bothering and transforming socioeconomic activities across industries ranging from health, trade, education and even the improvement of climate change. (AI人工智能的快速发展，不仅对各行业产生了深远影响，还改变了多个领域的社会经济活动，涵盖医疗、贸易、教育，甚至包括气候变化改善领域)”可知，本段强调了AI对各领域的广泛影响。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Alfred Ongere, an information technology expert and the founder of Artificial Intelligence Kenya, a nongovernmental organization, said it is of much importance to manage AI in African countries because it can potentially be used in spreading misinformation, fake news, and disinformation. (阿尔弗雷德・翁盖雷是信息技术专家，同时也是非政府组织“肯尼亚人工智能”的创始人，他表示在非洲各国对人工智能进行管理至关重要，因为人工智能有可能被用于传播错误信息、虚假新闻以及误导性信息)”，以及第四段 “Despite arguing against proper control by African governments, Ongere said that it is still significant to protect consumers from the risks caused by the uncontrolled application of AI on the continent. (尽管翁盖雷反对非洲各国政府对人工智能实施过度管控，但他仍表示，保护消费者免受非洲大陆人工智能无序应用所带来的风险，这一点依然具有重要意义)” 可知，管控的核心原因是AI可能被不当使用。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段翁盖雷的观点AI-focused solutions should solve real-world challenges such as rural development and financial crisis. More importantly, efforts should be directed toward ensuring the commercial viability of these solutions (以人工智能为核心的解决方案应着力解决现实世界中的难题，例如农村发展与金融危机。更重要的是，我们应努力确保这些解决方案具备商业可行性)” 可知，翁盖雷明确强调人工智能的应用需聚焦现实难题，如农村发展、金融危机等。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。全文围绕非洲AI发展的三重维度：经济潜力、管理挑战和战略建议。再结合最后一段 “The question of management, especially in the African context is that Africa is not mature to have complete and sound rules on AI because Africa lacks the level of technology development that exists in developed nations. (尤其在非洲背景下，管理问题的关键在于，非洲目前尚未具备制定全面、完善的人工智能规则的成熟条件，因为非洲的技术发展水平仍落后于发达国家)” 可知，全文核心始终围绕 “非洲需对AI进行管理与控制”，且多位专家均表达了相关诉求。故选C项。 主题语境04 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·新疆疏附县·期中）As I was walking home, a boy seemed to be singing a song in a very low voice, walking in front of me and carrying some of the same high school books I had with me. I caught him up, and said “Hello”. I could tell he was startled (吃惊的), and dropped one of his books. I picked it up and as I handed it to him, he said “Thank you” in a strange way, like with a strong accent. We soon began walking together and talking. It turned out that he was in my science class, and I didn’t even know it! His name was Nado, and his family had just moved here this school year. He invited me to his home, and his family treated me like a special guest, which made me feel very welcome. He said hospitality (好客) was very basic to his culture, and strangers were always treated very kindly. His mom brought out some great food, and offered me some tea. Nado’s father and two sisters wanted to hear all about me and my family, and my schooling. Nado’s whole family had to leave their lifelong home because war had broken out, and it wasn’t safe there anymore. They left with only what they could carry. His family was happy to feel safe, and they got used to American culture quickly. They seemed pleased that Nado had brought a friend home to meet them. And as my friendship with Nado has continued, I now realize that the world is much bigger than I thought! I also realize that your friends don’t have to be just like you. Differences make the world go around. 1.Why was the author treated like a special guest by Nado’s family? A. They liked strangers who came to their home for help. B. They wanted to know more information about the author. C. Strangers were always treated very kindly in their culture. D. The author was an American and knew much about their culture. 2.How many people at least are there in Nado’s family? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six 3.Where does the author probably come from? A. Canada. B. America. C. China. D. Australia. 4.What can we infer from the passage? A. People from different countries can be good friends. B. Friends need different cultures and different accents. C. Your friends and you should have a lot of mutual interests. D. You can’t make friends with people from other countries. 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者偶遇了一个来自另外一个国家的男孩，尽管他们之间有着很大的文化差异，他们还是成为了很好的朋友。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“He said hospitality (好客) was very basic to his culture, and strangers were always treated very kindly.(他说，好客是他文化中非常重要的一个方面，对待陌生人总是会非常友善)”可知，作者会被纳多的家人当作特别的客人来对待是因为在他们的文化中，陌生人总是会受到非常友好的对待。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“His mom brought out some great food, and offered me some tea. Nado’s father and two sisters wanted to hear all about me and my family, and my schooling.(他妈妈端出了美味的食物，并给我端来了茶。纳多的父亲以及他的两个姐妹都想要听关于我以及我家庭和学业的一切情况)”可知，纳多家至少有5口人。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“His family was happy to feel safe, and they got used to American culture quickly.(他的家人感到十分安心，而且他们很快就适应了美国的文化)”可知，作者可能来自美国。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“And as my friendship with Nado has continued, I now realize that the world is much bigger than I thought! I also realize that your friends don’t have to be just like you.(随着我和纳多的友谊不断加深，我现在意识到这个世界比我想的要广阔得多！我还意识到，你的朋友不一定非得和你一模一样)”可推知，不同国家的人可以成为好朋友。故选A。 主题语境05 人与自然-自然生态 （25-26高二上·新疆维吾尔自治区霍城县伊·期中）Ruby was a police dog with the Rhode Island State Police, but she didn’t always work with them. Ruby was once a handful who was in and out of the shelter. She was returned five times by different families. She was considered unadoptable because of her high energy and she was just unmanageable. The shelter workers thought her energy may be put to work. They reached the state police, who wanted to give Ruby a second chance and decided to try her out as a rescue dog. O’ Neil was picked to be her handler (驯犬员). “We have something in common. When I was younger, I couldn’t focus and I wasn’t good at school. But no one really ever gave up on me, “O’ Neil said.” I think that’s why we were bound to be together.” A normal dog could be trained in months. For Ruby, it took a year and a half, but O’ Neil didn’t want to give up on her. Finally, she was a police dog. Six years later, she became even more than that-a hero. “We got a call stating there was a missing boy, and we just went out and started searching. After eight hours, Ruby ran down a hill. I looked over the hill and saw the injured boy,” O’ Neil recalled. O’ Neil went to tell the mother that the boy was found alive and told her a police dog helped save her son. Then they realised a surprising connection: the boy’s mum once worked at an animal shelter. “There was a dog that I heard became a state trooper (兵)a few years ago. The dog was named Ruby. She was the sweetest thing,” she told him. “Are you kidding?” O’ Neil said. “That dog that you helped for all those times to get adopted just saved your son’s life.” 1.What does the underlined word “handful” in paragraph I most likely mean? A. A highly intelligent dog. B. A difficult-to-control dog. C. A very popular dog. D. An easy-to-handle dog. 2.What was Ruby’s situation before becoming a police dog? A. She moved between different shelters. B. She was trained as a rescue dog. C. She worked as a guard dog. D. She lived with a family. 3.What is the key reason for Ruby’s successful transformation according to the passage? A. The professional training from the police B. O’ Neil’s refusal to give up on her. C. Ruby’s strong will to succeed. D. Ruby’s own high energy level. 4.What was the unexpected relationship between Ruby and the boy’s mother? A. The mother’s family had once adopted Ruby. B. Ruby had saved the mother on a previous occasion. C. The mother had once been Ruby’s trainer at the shelter. D. The mother had previously worked at Ruby’s animal shelter. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. B　4. D 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文，讲述了流浪犬Ruby从“难以收养”到被训练为警犬，最终救助失踪男孩并发现与男孩母亲意外关联的故事。 (1)题解析： 词句推测题。结合后文“She was returned five times by different families(她被不同的家庭弃养了五次。)”被5个家庭退回以及难以管理(unmanageable)，可推测“handful”指”难控制的狗”，故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“Ruby was once a handful who was in and out of the shelter(Ruby曾经是个难以管教的家伙，频繁进出收容所。)”可知，她在成为一名警犬之前，子啊不同收容所间辗转，故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“For Ruby, it took a year and a half, but O’Neil didn’t want to give up on her(Ruby花了18个月才完成训练，但O’Neil从未想过放弃她。)”可知，O’Neil成功转变的关键原因是不放弃，故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段“Then they realised a surprising connection: the boy’s mum once worked at an animal shelter. (随后他们发现了一个惊人的关联：男孩的母亲曾在动物收容所工作。)”且她知晓Ruby曾是该收容所的狗可知，母亲曾在Ruby的收容所工作，故选D。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·新疆维吾尔自治区巴楚县第一中·期中）The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students’ perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile—and he left with one too. “These students gave me the confidence that I didn’t need to feel bad about my age,” Valencia says. One day, I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class. Sure, I said. But he wouldn’t get any credit. No problem, he said. Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class. A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,”says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. There is something splendidly unreasonable about Valencia’s determination to get a four-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper on the wall. But that doesn’t seem especially relevant. He’s found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating. Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts(成绩单). But I’m giving him an A—and in the most important ways, it counts. 1.What made Valencia different from his classmates? A. He was respectful to the teacher. B. He activated the class atmosphere. C. He was eager to learn despite his age. D. He often put forward different opinions. 2.According to the author, why did Valencia continue to attend classes? A. He treasured the chance of learning. B. He wished to show his determination. C. He needed the credits to further his study. D. He desired to have an A on his transcripts. 3.Which of the following best describes Valencia? A. Modest and independent. B. Energetic and generous. C. Enthusiastic and motivated. D. Considerate and intelligent. 4.What can we learn from the passage? A. No pains, no gains. B. It is never too old to learn. C. Strike the iron while it is hot. D. Where there is life, there is hope. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他并没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. (这个学生很早就到了，坐在前排和中间，在我的教室里，他在很多方面都很突出。我得说，他比我本科传播学班上的同学大40岁左右。)”、第三段“He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class. (他说他那学期将不得不停止上课，并重新申请明年的课程。到那时，他希望能赚到足够的钱，并把学生贷款文件办妥。他严肃地问我是否还能旁听我的交际课。)”、第六段“Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class. (很快，他又回来了，回到他的旧桌子旁，加入到我们关于如何在洛杉矶寻找和讲述故事的讨论中——一个63岁的男人，和班上任何一个年轻人一样充满活力和好奇心。)”、第七段“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. (瓦伦西亚的很多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍然在做作业。)”和“Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. (后来，我无意中听到瓦伦西亚想留在学校直到获得硕士学位，但他花了12年时间才完成社区大学学业，所以他还有很长的路要走。)”可知，瓦伦西亚与他的同学的不同之处在于：尽管他年纪大了，但他渴望学习。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,” says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. (瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，瓦伦西亚继续上课是因为他得到了学习的乐趣，珍惜学习的机会。故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. (他以他的幽默和经验智慧，热情地参加了课堂讨论。)”可知，瓦伦西亚很热情；由倒数第二段中的“A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,” says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. (瓦伦西亚的许多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但他仍在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡·埃斯皮诺萨说：“他来了，为了学习的乐趣和益处，他很乐意去上课。”)”可知，63岁交不起学费的瓦伦西亚，为了学习的乐趣仍继续上课，说明他很上进；他是一个热情、上进的人。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，本文讲述了一个关于“活到老，学到老”的故事。杰里·瓦伦西亚是一个63岁的大三学生，尽管年龄很大，但他对学习仍然充满热情。在课堂上，他会积极参加讨论，尊重其他同学的观点，很多学生对他的精神充满了敬佩。他没有足够的钱去支付学费但他仍不放弃，通过工作赚钱，坚持继续完成学业，还要继续读研。可得出这篇文章主要告诉我们“It is never too old to learn. (活到老，学到老。)”的道理。故选B。 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高二上·新疆克拉玛依独山子区第二中学·期中）An Indonesian librarian is lending books to children in exchange for trash they collect in a novel way to clean up the environment and get the kids to read more. Each weekday, Raden Roro Hendarti, a librarian in Indonesia’s Java Island rides her three-wheeler with books piled up at the back for children in Muntang village to exchange for plastic cups, bags and other waste that she carries back. As soon as she shows up, little children, many accompanied by their mothers, surround her “Trash Library” and ask loudly for the books. They are all carrying trash bags and Raden’s three-wheeler quickly fills up with them as the books fly out. She’s happy the kids are going to spend less time on online games as a result. “Let us get kids to read more and build a culture of literacy from a young age,” Raden said. “We should also take care of our waste in order to fight against climate change and to save the earth from trash,” she said. She collects about 100 kg of waste each week, which is then sorted out by her colleagues and sent for recycling or sold. She has a stock of 6,000 books to lend and wants to take the mobile service to neighboring areas as well. Kevin Alamsyah, an eager 11-year-old reader, looks for waste lying in the village. “When there is too much trash, our environment will become dirty and it’s not healthy. That’s why I look for trash to borrow a book,” he says. The literacy rate for above-15-year-olds in Indonesia is around 96 percent, but a September report by the World Bank warned that the pandemic will leave more than 80% of 15-year-olds below the minimum reading level identified by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. 1.What is “Trash Library” like? A. Well-decorated. B. Noisy and dirty. C. Relaxing. D. Popular. 2.Why does Raden run the “Trash Library”? A. To fight against climate change. B. To collect trash for money. C. To help kids get away from online games. D. To get kids to read more and care for the environment. 3.What can we infer from the passage? A. Indonesia’s environmental situation is worrying. B. People in Indonesia has a very low literacy rate. C. The trash library has been introduced to many other cities. D. The pandemic has a negative effect on teenagers’ reading. 4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. A Novel Way to Improve Library B. The Indonesian System for Reading C. Your Trash Benefiting the Environment D. Your Collected Trash for Our Books 【答案】1. D　2. D　3. D　4. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了印度尼西亚爪哇岛的一名图书管理员正以一种新颖的方式鼓励孩子们在获取知识的同时保护环境——孩子们可以用收集来的垃圾换书看。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段“As soon as she shows up, little children, many accompanied by their mothers, surround her “Trash Library” and ask loudly for the books.”（她一出现，许多孩子在母亲的陪伴下围在她的“垃圾图书馆”周围，大声索要书籍。）可知，“垃圾图书馆”是受欢迎的。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段““Let us get kids to read more and build a culture of literacy from a young age,” Raden said. “We should also take care of our waste in order to fight against climate change and to save the earth from trash,” she said.”（雷登说：“让我们让孩子们多读书，从小培养识字文化。”。她说：“为了对抗气候变化，保护地球免受垃圾的污染，我们也应该处理我们的垃圾。”。）可知，雷登经营“垃圾图书馆”是为了让孩子们多读书，并关心环境。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The literacy rate for above-15-year-olds in Indonesia is around 96 percent, but a September report by the World Bank warned that the pandemic will leave more than 80% of 15-year-olds below the minimum reading level identified by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.”（印度尼西亚15岁以上儿童的识字率约为96%，但世界银行9月的一份报告警告称，这场大流行病将使80%以上的15岁儿童低于经济合作与发展组织设定的最低阅读水平。）可知，大流行病对青少年的阅读有负面影响。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段“An Indonesian librarian is lending books to children in exchange for trash they collect in a novel way to clean up the environment and get the kids to read more.”（一名印尼图书管理员正在借书给孩子们，以一种新颖的方式交换他们收集的垃圾，从而清洁环境，让孩子们多读书。）以及文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了孩子们可以用收集来的垃圾换书看，所以“你收集垃圾换得我们的书”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·新疆生产建设兵团第二中学·期中）Though I am a female scientist, I have face blindness. I can see faces, but the individual details, such as the distance between the eyes or the shape of the nose, are fuzzy. As a result, recognizing faces — something so instant and unconscious for most — is a major challenge. Over the years I developed my own ways of dealing with the problem. To distinguish people, I relied on cues — like the way a person walks and a habitual lunch spot. There were many embarrassing moments as I pursued my career. But overall, I was managing. Then, I often worked at home. As interactions moved online, suddenly everyone became a stranger. For my peace of mind, I needed to get to the bottom of why I see the world so differently from most people. Through a combination of luck and privilege, I connected with a specialist who gave me an official diagnosis (诊断). Even though I had already essentially diagnosed myself, it was a relief to have a professional put a formal name to it. More importantly, I realized I had to face reality. Now if I’m going to an event where I’m expected to know people, I send an e-mail explaining that if I ignore them, it won’t be intentional. I’ve found that people are less likely to be offended when they know beforehand. But sometimes I feel like something out of a science-fiction plot. A recent presentation titled You Don’t Belong Here was intended to show how some environments can be exclusionary (排斥的) and what can be done to address that. As the presenters alternated between acting out scenes and commenting on them, I left feeling exactly as the title said. It would have been a great help if they had explained at the beginning that they were going to switch roles. People with disabilities exist, and we need our co-workers to think broadly about accessibility and inclusion. Let’s create an environment where we all feel like we belong. 1.What is wrong with the author? A. She can’t tell faces apart. B. She can’t see faces instantly. C. She lacks facial expressions. D. She always keeps a straight face. 2.What made the author decide to seek professional help? A. Her wrong self-diagnosis. B. The rise in online interactions. C. A specialist’s recommendation. D. The chance of a promotion. 3.Which is mentioned as the author’s way of handling face blindness? A. Sending others an e-mail ahead of time. B. Learning the style people like to wear. C. Meeting more friends in regular places. D. Drawing co-workers’ faces in a notebook. 4.What can we infer from paragraph 5? A. The author is bad at getting along with others. B. Science fiction is an inspiration for the author. C. The author loses a sense of belonging in some environments. D. Having face blindness makes the author stand out in public. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作为科学家的作者患有脸盲症，虽然她已经总结出自己的一套应对策略，但有时脸盲症还是会让她找不到归属感。作者呼吁大家为有缺陷的同事创造一个有归属感的环境。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“I can see faces, but the individual details, such as the distance between the eyes or the shape of the nose, are fuzzy. (我能看到脸，但个人细节，如眼睛之间的距离或鼻子的形状，是模糊的。)”可知，作者有脸盲症，她无法辨别人们的脸。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“As interactions moved online, suddenly everyone became a stranger. For my peace of mind, I needed to get to the bottom of why I see the world so differently from most people. Through a combination of luck and privilege, I connected with a specialist who gave me an official diagnosis (诊断). (随着社交互动转移到线上，突然间，每个人都成了陌生人。为了让自己内心安宁，我必须弄清楚为何我看待世界的角度与大多数人如此不同。凭借运气与自身具备的优越条件，我联系到了一位专家，他给我做出了正式诊断。)”可知，使作者决定向专家寻求帮助的是网上交流的兴起。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Now if I’m going to an event where I’m expected to know people, I send an e-mail explaining that if I ignore them, it won’t be intentional. (现在，如果我要去参加一个我应该认识的人的活动，我会发一封电子邮件解释说，如果我忽略了他们，那不是故意的。)”可知，作者对待自己脸盲症的一个方法是提前给别人发一封关于自己问题的电子邮件说明情况，故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段中“A recent presentation titled You Don’t Belong Here was intended to show how some environments can be exclusionary (排斥的) and what can be done to address that. As the presenters alternated between acting out scenes and commenting on them, I left feeling exactly as the title said. (最近一场题为《你不属于这里》的演讲，旨在揭示某些环境是如何具有排斥性的，以及可以采取哪些措施来解决这一问题。当演讲者交替进行场景演绎与评论时，我离开时的感受正如演讲标题所言。)”可推知，作者在某些环境中会失去归属感。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $