Unit 2 Inspiring People 单元话题（励志人物）完形填空进阶练12篇-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（人教版）

**基本信息** 以“励志人物”为主题，分基础、进阶、综合三层次设计12篇完形填空，实现语言能力与文化意识的分层培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|4篇（孙家栋、钱学森等）|词汇辨析为主，句内逻辑简单|围绕人物基本经历，考查基础词汇（如try, solve）与简单语法| |进阶拓展训练|4篇（钟南山、屠呦呦等）|上下文理解加深，加入复杂句式|结合人物精神品质，考查连接词（如but, if）与篇章逻辑| |能力综合实践|4篇（张桂梅、纳达尔等）|长难句增多，主题意义深化|整合人物事迹与社会影响，提升推理判断与文化理解能力|

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Inspiring People 单元话题（励志人物）完形填空进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 Sun Jiadong is a great scientist in China. He 1 many things for our country’s aerospace industry. When he was young, he studied hard to get more knowledge. He wanted to help China make progress in space technology. Once, there was a big problem in a satellite project. Sun Jiadong 2 to find a way out. He worked day and night with his team. Everyone thought he was a good 3 because he could guide them well. His 4 to solve difficult problems surprised many people. Even in hard 5 , he never gave up. He always said, “We must try our best to 6 the problems.” After years of hard work, China sent many satellites into space successfully. Sun Jiadong felt 7 when he saw the satellites work well. People call him “the Father of China’s Aerospace” 8 . He often tells young people, “You should 9 your dreams and work hard for them.” His story 10 many people to love science and try to make our country stronger. 1．A．did B．ate C．sang D．slept 2．A．played B．tried C．danced D．painted 3．A．leader B．student C．doctor D．farmer 4．A．skill B．object C．ability D．screen 5．A．schools B．parks C．shops D．conditions 6．A．solve B．buy C．sell D．draw 7．A．sad B．angry C．happy D．tired 8．A．proudly B．quickly C．loudly D．slowly 9．A．look for B．turn off C．put away D．hold on to 10．A．stops B．encourages C．forgets D．leaves Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911. He is known 1 “the father of China’s space program” and “the king of the rocket”. When he was 24 years old, Qian went to America for 2 study. 3 graduation, he worked there for a few years. In the early 1950s, he 4   not to stay in America any longer. He 5 in coming back to his motherland in 1955. In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested 6 a special organization, which later became the leading organization for China’s rocket and air travel program. In June 1964, China created its first medium rocket. Qian also played an important part in 7 China’s first man-made satellite. On April 24, 1970, “Dongfanghong-I” was successfully sent into the air. In 1964, a young man wrote a letter to Qian Xuesen and pointed out a 8 in his published article. Qian immediately answered the letter and encouraged him to write an article about the mistake. Zhu Yilin, 9 was said to be the last student of Qian Xuesen, once said, “I learned a lot of professional 10 as well as the spirit and attitude that a scientist should have from Mr. Qian.” 1．A．for B．as C．in D．to 2．A．farther B．bigger C．further D．larger 3．A．After B．Before C．When D．While 4．A．remained B．made C．had D．decided 5．A．succeeded B．solved C．failed D．believed 6．A．picking up B．eating up C．setting up D．using up 7．A．developing B．finding C．leading D．looking 8．A．task B．mistake C．program D．survey 9．A．whom B．which C．who D．when 10．A．knowledge B．progress C．business D．introduction Over 2000 years ago in China, there lived a boy called Confucius (孔子). When he was 1 three, his father died. His mother was very poor. In those days, people had to pay to go to school. And his mother did not have enough 2 to send him. As Confucius grew up, he wanted to learn things, so he 3 to teach himself. Unfortunately, he was a strange-looking boy. The other children pointed and made fun of him. They called him names and laughed at him. Confucius got very upset, but he was a kind, gentle boy and did not fight 4 . Confucius did not play with other children. He went off to talk to holy men(圣贤) in the temple, and learned from them. He 5 to artists and musicians and learned from them. If he tried to do something difficult, he kept trying over and over again 6 he learned how to do it. In this way, the boy taught himself to read and 7 , and learned lots of interesting things. Confucius grew up to be a very 8 man. When he was a man, Confucius became the ruler of the city of Zhongdu. People were very 9 when he was their leader. He used his abilities and skills in a 10 way. People sometimes call him the greatest man who ever lived, and we still remember many of his sayings today. 1．A．only B．almost C．over D．about 2．A．food B．rice C．time D．money 3．A．refused B．decided C．designed D．offered 4．A．against B．back C．to D．with 5．A．found B．talked C．tried D．invited 6．A．or B．so C．until D．before 7．A．talk B．sing C．write D．listen 8．A．strong B．calm C．brave D．clever 9．A．happy B．unhappy C．worried D．sad 10．A．right B．different C．wrong D．wise Zhang Xue is a common man from Henan Province. However, his success is a great 1 . His motorbike brand (品牌), ZXMOTO, is now very 2 in China and the world. Zhang Xue was born in a small village. When he was young, he 3 motorbikes very much. But his family was so 4 that he couldn’t even buy a bike. At the age of 14, he 5 school and learned to repair motorbikes. He worked very hard every day. Years later, Zhang Xue started his own motorbike 6 in 2024. He wanted to make great Chinese motorbikes. He and his team spent much time 7 new technologies. In March 2026, Zhang Xue’s motorbike 820 RR-RS 8 the World Superbike Championship (世界超级摩托车锦标赛) in Portugal. It was the first time for a Chinese motorbike brand to win such a top world 9 . They broke the long monopoly (垄断) of foreign brands like Ducati and Yamaha. All Chinese felt excited and 10 . From a village boy to a successful maker, Zhang Xue tells us: Work hard for your dream, and it will come true. 1．A．story B．food C．toy D．game 2．A．sad B．famous C．slow D．small 3．A．hated B．loved C．made D．sold 4．A．rich B．big C．poor D．happy 5．A．left B．went C．came D．arrived 6．A．school B．hospital C．company D．library 7．A．watching B．developing C．selling D．riding 8．A．won B．lost C．joined D．found 9．A．movie B．race C．book D．show 10．A．tired B．proud C．angry D．lonely 进阶拓展训练4篇 In our world, many people stick to old routines and traditions. However, some people choose to be 1 . They take risks and try new ideas. This is what makes our world a place full of possibilities (可能性). Over 2,000 years ago, a 2 man named Zhang Qian received a big task from Emperor Wu of Han. He led a team of over a hundred people on a 3 through a tough (艰险的) area called the Hexi Corridor (河西走廊). After many 4 , they reached a faraway place called Dayuan. It helped China 5 with other cultures and countries. Later, a famous 6 , Sima Qian, wrote about Zhang Qian’s journey. He recorded that after thirteen years, only two of the team returned home. He praised Zhang Qian for 7 new connections between different peoples. Another 8 , Columbus, set sail (启航) over 500 years ago from Spain. He sailed west and reached the Americas. He 9 a new world and started a big exchange of ideas, goods, cultures, and so on. History teaches us that life balances old ways and new changes. The 10 actions of people like Zhang Qian and Columbus help society grow. 1．A．different B．lonely C．difficult D．similar 2．A．rude B．brave C．lazy D．shy 3．A．choice B．vacation C．journey D．drive 4．A．practices B．decisions C．meetings D．challenges 5．A．connect B．mess C．end D．compare 6．A．physicist B．chemist C．historian D．scientist 7．A．thinking about B．warming up C．cutting down D．opening up 8．A．explorer B．soldier C．pilot D．artist 9．A．missed B．discovered C．guarded D．hit 10．A．scientific B．tiring C．balanced D．admirable Zhong Nanshan Zhong Nanshan is a famous medical scientist and an inspiring hero. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he worked 1 to protect people’s health. He was already in his eighties, but he still went to the front line 2 thinking twice. He studied the virus carefully and tried to find ways to save patients. He told people the 3 and encouraged them to stay calm. His words gave people hope and courage. He is knowledgeable, brave and responsible. He lives a simple life but has a great 4 . He always puts people’s lives first. He teaches us to be responsible and brave when 5 difficulties. We are proud of him and should learn from his strong will and kindness. We should be 6 for our society. We should face difficulties 7 . We should 8 others and make contributions. We should 9 stop trying our best. We should 10 to be useful people. 1．A．sadly B．tirelessly C．angrily D．slowly 2．A．with B．without C．for D．by 3．A．lie B．story C．truth D．joke 4．A．head B．heart C．body D．hand 5．A．facing B．seeing C．hearing D．watching 6．A．helpful B．careful C．hopeful D．useless 7．A．badly B．bravely C．sadly D．carefully 8．A．hurt B．help C．refuse D．dislike 9．A．always B．usually C．never D．often 10．A．decide B．want C．try D．hope Changes & Heroes The world is changing all the time, and many inspiring people help to 1 these changes better. They work hard to improve people’s life and make the world warmer. In the past, people lived a hard life. Many inspiring people, 2 scientists and teachers, devoted themselves to helping others. Yuan Longping helped feed more people. Zhang Guimei helped girls get education. Zhong Nanshan protected people’s 3 . Modern technology and development bring convenience, 4 we still need the spirit of these inspiring people. We should face changes bravely, work hard and never give up. We should try to help others and make 5 to society. Everyone can be an inspiring person. By working hard and being kind, we can make the world more beautiful and 6 . We should 7 the spirit of heroes and 8 them. We should 9 doing good deeds and never 10 our dreams. 1．A．get B．turn C．make D．take 2．A．except B．between C．without D．like 3．A．money B．health C．food D．clothes 4．A．so B．but C．and D．or 5．A．money B．sense C．progress D．contributions 6．A．meaningful B．careful C．useful D．painful 7．A．remember B．forget C．lose D．throw 8．A．learn from B．laugh at C．look after D．hear from 9．A．stop B．keep C．avoid D．mind 10．A．give up B．take up C．get up D．pick up Tu Youyou is a name known to every Chinese. She is the scientist 1 discovered artemisinin, a medicine that has saved millions of lives. Born in 1930, she showed great 2 in biology when she was young. After 3 medical college, she began to study traditional Chinese medicine. In the 1970s, malaria was a deadly disease. Many people were 4 by it. Tu spent years 5 natural herbs. She 6 hundreds of experiments before she finally succeeded. It was not easy 7 her to keep going, but she never lost hope. Her 8 to science has inspired many young researchers. She once said that 9 you want to succeed, you must work hard and never give up. Her story 10 us that one person can truly make a difference. 1．A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 2．A．interest B．interests C．interesting D．interested 3．A．enter B．entering C．entered D．to enter 4．A．hurt B．hurts C．hurting D．being hurt 5．A．study B．to study C．studying D．studied 6．A．did B．made C．took D．gave 7．A．of B．for C．to D．with 8．A．devote B．devotion C．devoted D．devoting 9．A．if B．unless C．until D．though 10．A．tells B．says C．speaks D．talks 能力综合实践4篇 Many Chinese people know Zhang Qian. He is a great Chinese traveler 1 started the Silk Road many years ago. He was born in 164 BC, and then he became a small 2 during the period of Emperor Wu of Han. Zhang Qian was an honest person with strong minds, so he could 3 in overcoming (克服) many difficulties during his trips. In Chinese history, Zhang Qian visited 4 countries twice. He experienced very hard and dangerous life during his trips, but he never 5 and he finally finished the trips. Now let’s know more about Zhang Qian’s two great 6 . The first one was from 139 BC to 126 BC．Zhang Qian led about 100 people to the West Regions. During the 7 years’ trip, Zhang Qian met lots of difficult and dangerous situations. 8 , he returned to China safely. Zhang Qian’s second trip to the West Regions lasted about four years (from 119 BC to 115 BC). Zhang Qian took the things made in China to other countries. He also 9 back some great things from the countries in the West Regions. Zhang Qian’s two trips are the starting point of the Silk Road which is very important to China now. And they really play an important role on the 10 between China and other countries. 1．A．which B．why C．who D．where 2．A．voyage B．survey C．chain D．official 3．A．rise B．succeed C．cost D．hate 4．A．foreign B．careful C．lazy D．single 5．A．set up B．hold out C．gave up D．passed out 6．A．combs B．knees C．yards D．trips 7．A．thirteen B．twelve C．eleven D．ten 8．A．Usually B．Luckily C．Correctly D．Suddenly 9．A．developed B．searched C．brought D．counted 10．A．communication B．silk C．wealth D．steam Today, we are going to talk about Wang Haoze, a member of the Shenzhou­19 crew (乘组). In 2024, Wang Haoze became the third Chinese 1 to travel to space. She was born in 1990 in Hebei Province. Her mother is a middle school teacher and her father is a policeman. 2 in a family like that, she learned the importance of working hard from an early age. During her time at university, she showed great 3 ability, so she was always at the top of her class. In addition to studying, she was also a sports lover and often took part in sports competitions (比赛). In 2015, Wang finished her studies and started working as a rocket engineer in Beijing. One day, she heard about the selection (选拔) of 4 and decided to try for it. About 2,500 people took part in it. Finally, Wang 5 all the tests and became the only woman among 18 astronauts. From then on, Wang Haoze faced many new 6 . She went through 7 times at sea and in deserts. And one test was that she couldn't sleep for 72 hours. However, 8 could make her give up. “I kept going and after nearly 1,000 times of practice. I finally 9 the training standards,” Wang said. On October 30th, 2024, she was 10 sent into space with two other astronauts and realised her lifelong dream of travelling to space. 1．A．man B．woman C．student D．police 2．A．Growing up B．Waking up C．Looking up D．Getting up 3．A．sports B．painting C．music D．learning 4．A．engineers B．astronauts C．teachers D．scientists 5．A．failed B．found C．passed D．lost 6．A．changes B．choices C．chances D．challenges 7．A．relaxing B．comfortable C．free D．difficult 8．A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 9．A．found B．understood C．set D．met 10．A．successfully B．nearly C．usually D．secretly 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Inspiring people are around us. They may not be famous stars, but their spirits can light up our life and teach us valuable lessons. Zhang Guimei is such a person who deeply moves all Chinese people. Zhang Guimei is a teacher in Yunnan. Many years ago, she found that many poor girls in mountain areas had no chance to go to school. Their families were too 1 to pay for their education. Most girls had to stay at home and work early. To change the fate of these girls, Zhang Guimei made up her 2 to build a free high school for girls. The road was full of 3 . She did not have enough money and faced lots of doubts. But she never 4 her dream. She tried her best to raise money and asked for support from society. After years of hard work, the first free high school for girls in China was finally 5 . Since then, Zhang Guimei has devoted all her time and energy to the school. She lives a simple life and always puts her students 6 . She gets up early and stays up late every day, caring about every student’s study and life. Thanks to her great 7 , more than 2000 mountain girls have entered universities and changed their lives. Many of them choose to go back to poor areas to teach and help more people. Zhang Guimei is an 8 person. She uses her lifetime to help others and spreads warmth and hope. Her story tells us that no matter how 9 the situation is, we should stick to our goals and help others. Everyone can make a 10 to the world with kindness and persistence. 1．A．rich B．poor C．small D．big 2．A．mind B．heart C．decision D．plan 3．A．happiness B．surprises C．difficulties D．successes 4．A．gave up B．gave out C．took up D．took off 5．A．invented B．created C．built D．discovered 6．A．first B．second C．last D．least 7．A．efforts B．mistakes C．problems D．secrets 8．A．energetic B．inspiring C．careful D．humorous 9．A．easy B．good C．hard D．special 10．A．choice B．promise C．mistake D．difference Rafael Nadal said he would control his feelings, but he couldn’t. Tears filled his eyes as “La Marcha Real (西班牙国歌)” played before his final tennis match. Nadal was still there throughout the match. He 1 points with fist pumps (挥拳) and shouts of “Vamos (加油)!” The crowd was excited by his energy. In the end, he lost the match, but that didn’t 2 him. At 38, Nadal knew that his body was 3 his skill level. The 4 told him to stop. He just hoped to be remembered for following his tennis dream. Nadal showed a 5 for the sport early in life. At eight, he won a regional championship (区域性的锦标赛) for players under 12. His first ATP title, at age 18, came just a year 6 he started his professional (职业的) career. Two years later, he won 7 Roger Federer, the world’s number one tennis player. The French Open was where he achieved his greatest successes. In 2005, he won the match on his first try. Over the years, 14 of his 22 Grand Slam titles were taken on its clay courts (红土球场). 8 , Nadal won 96.5% of his French Open matches. But Nadal, the King of Clay, also 9 elsewhere. His 2008 Wimbledon win against Federer is one of the greatest tennis matches. He also has won two Australian Open titles, four U. S. Open titles and an Olympic singles gold medal. He faces Federer with a 14-10 career record in all their finals. Now, the hero has announced the 10 of his career. He says he will miss tennis and his fans, but he is not worried about the change. “I have always been happy without tennis,” he said. “I have to accept that things will be different.” 1．A．celebrated B．considered C．expected D．marked 2．A．influence B．satisfy C．surprise D．worry 3．A．showing B．limiting C．proving D．harming 4．A．points B．matches C．signs D．achievements 5．A．result B．value C．talent D．ability 6．A．when B．after C．until D．because 7．A．with B．above C．past D．against 8．A．Instead B．However C．In all D．For example 9．A．shone B．fought C．appeared D．helped 10．A．pity B．end C．tale D．Story 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Inspiring People 单元话题（励志人物）完形填空进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 Sun Jiadong is a great scientist in China. He 1 many things for our country’s aerospace industry. When he was young, he studied hard to get more knowledge. He wanted to help China make progress in space technology. Once, there was a big problem in a satellite project. Sun Jiadong 2 to find a way out. He worked day and night with his team. Everyone thought he was a good 3 because he could guide them well. His 4 to solve difficult problems surprised many people. Even in hard 5 , he never gave up. He always said, “We must try our best to 6 the problems.” After years of hard work, China sent many satellites into space successfully. Sun Jiadong felt 7 when he saw the satellites work well. People call him “the Father of China’s Aerospace” 8 . He often tells young people, “You should 9 your dreams and work hard for them.” His story 10 many people to love science and try to make our country stronger. 1．A．did B．ate C．sang D．slept 2．A．played B．tried C．danced D．painted 3．A．leader B．student C．doctor D．farmer 4．A．skill B．object C．ability D．screen 5．A．schools B．parks C．shops D．conditions 6．A．solve B．buy C．sell D．draw 7．A．sad B．angry C．happy D．tired 8．A．proudly B．quickly C．loudly D．slowly 9．A．look for B．turn off C．put away D．hold on to 10．A．stops B．encourages C．forgets D．leaves 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国航天之父孙家栋的生平事迹，包括他的贡献、工作态度及对年轻人的激励。 1．句意：他为我国航天事业做了许多事情。 根据“for our country’s aerospace industry”，可知科学家是为国家“做”贡献。根据语境，只有“做”事情符合科学家身份。do many things固定搭配，表示“做出许多贡献、做了大量工作”，全文讲述孙家栋的过往事迹，用一般过去时did。ate“吃”、sang“唱歌”、slept“睡觉”语义完全和航天科研贡献无关。 2．句意：孙家栋努力寻找出路。 根据“to find a way out”（寻找出路），可知面对问题需要“尝试”解决。根据语境，面对难题需努力尝试。try to do sth表示“尽力做某事”；前文说项目出现大问题，因此他努力想办法，符合语境。played“玩耍”、danced“跳舞”、painted“绘画”均和解决工程难题毫无关联。 3．句意：大家都觉得他是一位优秀的领导者，因为他可以很好地指引团队。 根据“because he could guide them well”，可知能指导团队的人是“领导”。根据语境，指导团队的角色是领导（leader）。其他选项对应的职业不具备指导团队的典型特征。 4．句意：他解决难题的能力让很多人感到惊叹。 根据“to solve difficult problems”（解决难题），可知此处指解决问题的“能力”。根据语境，ability to do sth是固定搭配，指做某事的能力。skill“技艺”：多指某一单项手艺、技艺，不适合形容解决复杂工程问题的综合能力；object“物体、目标”、screen“屏幕”词义不通。 5．句意：即便在艰苦的条件下，他也从未放弃。 根据“Even in hard...”，可知此处指环境“条件”（conditions）。根据语境，hard conditions表示“艰苦的条件”。schools“学校”、parks“公园”、shops“商店”为具体地点，不符合抽象环境的描述。 6．句意：他总是说：“我们必须尽力解决难题”。 根据“the problems”，可知问题需要被“解决”。根据语境，“solve problems”是常见搭配。buy“买”、sell“卖”、draw“绘画”动词与挑战无法搭配。 7．句意：当看到卫星顺利运转，孙家栋感到十分开心。 根据“when he saw the satellites work well”，可知成功带来“高兴”（happy）。根据语境，成功后的情感通常是积极的。sad“悲伤的”、angry“生气的”、tired“疲劳的”为负面情绪，均不符合语境。 8．句意：人们自豪地称他为“中国航天之父”。 根据“the Father of China’s Aerospace”（中国航天之父），可知这是一个荣誉称呼，人们会“自豪地”称呼。根据语境，荣誉称号伴随自豪感（proudly）。quickly“快速地”、loudly“大声地”、slowly“缓慢地”无法体现对他成就的尊重。 9．句意：你应当坚守梦想，并为之努力奋斗。 根据“work hard for them”，可知对梦想应“坚持”。根据语境，hold on to意为“坚持、紧握”。look for“寻找”、turn off“关掉”、put away“放一边”与语境不符。 10．句意：他的事迹激励着许多人热爱科学，立志强国。 根据“to love science and try to make our country stronger”可知故事起到了“鼓励”作用。根据语境，励志故事通常鼓励（encourages）他人。stops“停止”、forgets“忘记”和leaves“离开”均为负面或中性动作，语境不符。 Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911. He is known 1 “the father of China’s space program” and “the king of the rocket”. When he was 24 years old, Qian went to America for 2 study. 3 graduation, he worked there for a few years. In the early 1950s, he 4   not to stay in America any longer. He 5 in coming back to his motherland in 1955. In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested 6 a special organization, which later became the leading organization for China’s rocket and air travel program. In June 1964, China created its first medium rocket. Qian also played an important part in 7 China’s first man-made satellite. On April 24, 1970, “Dongfanghong-I” was successfully sent into the air. In 1964, a young man wrote a letter to Qian Xuesen and pointed out a 8 in his published article. Qian immediately answered the letter and encouraged him to write an article about the mistake. Zhu Yilin, 9 was said to be the last student of Qian Xuesen, once said, “I learned a lot of professional 10 as well as the spirit and attitude that a scientist should have from Mr. Qian.” 1．A．for B．as C．in D．to 2．A．farther B．bigger C．further D．larger 3．A．After B．Before C．When D．While 4．A．remained B．made C．had D．decided 5．A．succeeded B．solved C．failed D．believed 6．A．picking up B．eating up C．setting up D．using up 7．A．developing B．finding C．leading D．looking 8．A．task B．mistake C．program D．survey 9．A．whom B．which C．who D．when 10．A．knowledge B．progress C．business D．introduction 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了钱学森的事迹。 1．句意：他被誉为“中国航天之父”和“火箭之王”。 for为了；as作为；in在……里；to到。根据“ ‘the father of China’s space program’ and ‘the king of the rocket’ ”可知是称呼；be known as意为“作为……而闻名”，为固定用法。故选B。 2．句意：24岁时，钱去了美国深造。 farther更远的；bigger更大的；further更进一步的；larger大的。further study意为“深造”，为固定用法。故选C。 3．句意：毕业后，他在那里工作了几年。 After在……之后；Before在……之前；When当……时；While与……同时。根据设空后的“he worked there for a few years”可知此处指的是毕业之后，After符合文意。故选A。 4．句意：20世纪50年代初，他决定不再留在美国。 remained保持、仍然；made使、制作；had有；decided决定。根据下文中的“He…in coming back to his motherland in 1955”可知后来回国了，所以是不打算留着美国。故选D。 5．句意：1955年，他成功地回到了祖国。 succeeded成功；solved解决；failed失败；believed相信。根据上文可知决定不留在美国，所以此处是说，他成功返回了祖国。succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”，故选A。 6．句意：1956年，钱学森建议成立一个专门机构，该机构后来成为中国火箭和航空旅行计划的领导机构。 picking up捡起；eating up吃完；setting up建立；using up用完。根据“a special organization”可知此处是说，钱学森提议建立一个特殊机构。故选C。 7．句意：钱学森还在中国第一颗人造卫星的研制中发挥了重要作用。 developing发展、研制；finding发现；leading领导；looking看。根据“China’s first man-made satellite”可知人造卫星应是研制出来的。developing“研制”符合文意。故选A。 8．句意：1964年，一位年轻人给钱学森写了一封信，指出了他发表的文章中的一个错误。 task任务；mistake错误；program节目；survey调查。根据下文中的“write an article about the mistake”可知，此处是说，一个年轻人指出了钱学森发表的文章中的一处错误。mistake“错误”，符合文意。故选B。 9．句意：据说是钱学森最后一个学生的朱一林曾说：“我从钱先生那里学到了很多专业知识，以及科学家应有的精神和态度。” whom谁，宾格；which哪个；who谁；when什么时候。此处定语从句的先行词指人，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用who。故选C。 10．句意：据说是钱学森最后一个学生的朱一林曾说：“我从钱先生那里学到了很多专业知识，以及科学家应有的精神和态度。” knowledge知识；progress进步；business商业；introduction介绍。根据“a lot of professional”可知此处是说，我从钱先生身上学到了很多专业知识以及一个科学家应有的精神和态度。knowledge“知识”符合文意。故选A。 Over 2000 years ago in China, there lived a boy called Confucius (孔子). When he was 1 three, his father died. His mother was very poor. In those days, people had to pay to go to school. And his mother did not have enough 2 to send him. As Confucius grew up, he wanted to learn things, so he 3 to teach himself. Unfortunately, he was a strange-looking boy. The other children pointed and made fun of him. They called him names and laughed at him. Confucius got very upset, but he was a kind, gentle boy and did not fight 4 . Confucius did not play with other children. He went off to talk to holy men(圣贤) in the temple, and learned from them. He 5 to artists and musicians and learned from them. If he tried to do something difficult, he kept trying over and over again 6 he learned how to do it. In this way, the boy taught himself to read and 7 , and learned lots of interesting things. Confucius grew up to be a very 8 man. When he was a man, Confucius became the ruler of the city of Zhongdu. People were very 9 when he was their leader. He used his abilities and skills in a 10 way. People sometimes call him the greatest man who ever lived, and we still remember many of his sayings today. 1．A．only B．almost C．over D．about 2．A．food B．rice C．time D．money 3．A．refused B．decided C．designed D．offered 4．A．against B．back C．to D．with 5．A．found B．talked C．tried D．invited 6．A．or B．so C．until D．before 7．A．talk B．sing C．write D．listen 8．A．strong B．calm C．brave D．clever 9．A．happy B．unhappy C．worried D．sad 10．A．right B．different C．wrong D．wise 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了孔子的成长故事：幼年丧父、家贫无钱上学，但他自学成才。虽因相貌被嘲笑，他仍向圣贤学习，坚持不懈。最终他成为中都城的贤明统治者，被后人尊为最伟大的圣人之一。 1．句意：当他只有三岁时，他的父亲去世了。 “only”强调年龄小，“只有三岁”。 2．句意：而他的母亲没有足够的钱送他去上学。 上文说“people had to pay to go to school”，所以是没钱“money”。 3．句意：随着孔子长大，他想要学习知识，所以他决定自学。 decide to do sth意为“决定做某事”，符合自学语境。offered to do意为“主动要求做”，搭配不当。 4．句意：孔子非常难过，但他是一个善良、温和的男孩，没有反击。 由前文“he was a kind, gentle boy”可知他没有反击，固定搭配“fight back”符合文意。 5．句意：他与艺术家和音乐家交谈，向他们学习。 “talk to sb”与某人交谈，与上文“talk to holy men”呼应。 6．句意：如果他尝试做困难的事情，他会一遍又一遍地坚持尝试，直到学会如何去做。 until意为“直到……为止”，表示坚持到学会为止，符合语境。 7．句意：就这样，这个男孩自学了读书写字，学到了许多有趣的东西。 read and write意为“读书写字”，为固定搭配。talk“谈论”，sing“唱歌”和listen“听”不合语义。 8．句意：孔子成长为一个非常聪明的人。 前文孔子自学结果“the boy taught himself to read and … and learned lots of interesting things.”可见其聪明“clever”。strong“强壮”，calm“镇静”和brave“勇敢”所说的品质与前文的描述不匹配。 9．句意：当他成为他们的领袖时，人们非常高兴。 由下文“People sometimes call him the greatest man who ever lived”，可知孔子是贤明的统治者，人民自然为之高兴“happy”。 10．句意：他以明智的方式运用自己的能力和技能。 “wise way”明智的方式，与孔子的智者形象“the greatest man who ever lived”相符。 Zhang Xue is a common man from Henan Province. However, his success is a great 1 . His motorbike brand (品牌), ZXMOTO, is now very 2 in China and the world. Zhang Xue was born in a small village. When he was young, he 3 motorbikes very much. But his family was so 4 that he couldn’t even buy a bike. At the age of 14, he 5 school and learned to repair motorbikes. He worked very hard every day. Years later, Zhang Xue started his own motorbike 6 in 2024. He wanted to make great Chinese motorbikes. He and his team spent much time 7 new technologies. In March 2026, Zhang Xue’s motorbike 820 RR-RS 8 the World Superbike Championship (世界超级摩托车锦标赛) in Portugal. It was the first time for a Chinese motorbike brand to win such a top world 9 . They broke the long monopoly (垄断) of foreign brands like Ducati and Yamaha. All Chinese felt excited and 10 . From a village boy to a successful maker, Zhang Xue tells us: Work hard for your dream, and it will come true. 1．A．story B．food C．toy D．game 2．A．sad B．famous C．slow D．small 3．A．hated B．loved C．made D．sold 4．A．rich B．big C．poor D．happy 5．A．left B．went C．came D．arrived 6．A．school B．hospital C．company D．library 7．A．watching B．developing C．selling D．riding 8．A．won B．lost C．joined D．found 9．A．movie B．race C．book D．show 10．A．tired B．proud C．angry D．lonely 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文讲述张雪从贫困少年成长为摩托车制造商，并在 2026 年赢得世界锦标赛冠军的励志故事，展现了中国制造的突破。 1．句意：然而，他的成功是一个巨大的传奇/奇迹故事。 前文说张雪是一个普通人（common man），后文说他的摩托车品牌在中国和世界都很受欢迎，说明他的成功很不平凡。根据“success is a great...”及下文讲述的经历，可知成功经历通常被称为“故事”。根据语境，成功经历符合“故事”的定义，story符合题意。food食物、toy玩具、game游戏，等选项与成功无关。 2．句意：他的摩托车品牌ZXMOTO，现在在中国和世界都非常出名。 前文提到他的成功，后文说他赢得了世界级比赛，说明品牌知名度很高。famous“出名的”，符合逻辑。sad悲伤的、slow慢的、small小的，都不符合成功语境。 3．句意：当他年轻时，他非常喜欢摩托车。 后文说他14岁辍学学习修摩托车，并且努力工作，说明他对摩托车有热情，loved“喜欢”符合题意。hated讨厌、made制造、sold卖，不合语境。 4．句意：但他的家庭如此贫穷，以至于他甚至买不起一辆自行车。 后文说“couldn’t even buy a bike”（连自行车都买不起），说明家庭经济困难，poor“贫穷的”符合逻辑。rich富裕的、big大的、happy快乐的，与没钱逻辑矛盾。 5．句意：在14岁时，他辍学并学习修理摩托车。 后文说他去学习修摩托车，说明他离开了学校。left school意为“辍学/离开学校”，left符合题意。went去、came来、arrived到达，不符合辍学逻辑。 6．句意：多年后，张雪在2024年创办了自己的摩托车公司。 前文说他学习修摩托车，后文说他带领团队研发新技术，说明他建立了自己的公司。company“公司”，符合题意。school学校、hospital医院、library图书馆，都与商业制造无关。 7．句意：他和他的团队花费大量时间研发新技术。 前文说他想制造伟大的中国摩托车，后文说他的车赢得了比赛，说明他在技术研发上投入精力。developing“研发/开发”，符合逻辑。watching观看、selling卖、riding骑，不合逻辑。 8．句意：2026年3月，张雪的摩托车820 RR-RS在葡萄牙赢得了世界超级摩托车锦标赛。 后文说这是中国品牌首次赢得这样的顶级赛事，说明他获胜了。won“赢得”，符合题意。lost输掉、joined加入、found找到，与胜利事实不符。 9．句意：这是中国摩托车品牌第一次赢得如此顶级的世界赛事。 前文提到他赢得了World Superbike Championship，这是一项顶级比赛/赛事，race“比赛/赛事”（race在此指摩托车比赛）符合题意。movie电影、book书、show表演，与体育竞技无关。 10．句意：所有中国人都感到兴奋和自豪。 前文说中国品牌打破了外国品牌的垄断，作为中国人自然会感到自豪。proud“自豪的”符合逻辑。tired疲惫的、angry生气的、lonely孤独的，不符合爱国情感。 进阶拓展训练4篇 In our world, many people stick to old routines and traditions. However, some people choose to be 1 . They take risks and try new ideas. This is what makes our world a place full of possibilities (可能性). Over 2,000 years ago, a 2 man named Zhang Qian received a big task from Emperor Wu of Han. He led a team of over a hundred people on a 3 through a tough (艰险的) area called the Hexi Corridor (河西走廊). After many 4 , they reached a faraway place called Dayuan. It helped China 5 with other cultures and countries. Later, a famous 6 , Sima Qian, wrote about Zhang Qian’s journey. He recorded that after thirteen years, only two of the team returned home. He praised Zhang Qian for 7 new connections between different peoples. Another 8 , Columbus, set sail (启航) over 500 years ago from Spain. He sailed west and reached the Americas. He 9 a new world and started a big exchange of ideas, goods, cultures, and so on. History teaches us that life balances old ways and new changes. The 10 actions of people like Zhang Qian and Columbus help society grow. 1．A．different B．lonely C．difficult D．similar 2．A．rude B．brave C．lazy D．shy 3．A．choice B．vacation C．journey D．drive 4．A．practices B．decisions C．meetings D．challenges 5．A．connect B．mess C．end D．compare 6．A．physicist B．chemist C．historian D．scientist 7．A．thinking about B．warming up C．cutting down D．opening up 8．A．explorer B．soldier C．pilot D．artist 9．A．missed B．discovered C．guarded D．hit 10．A．scientific B．tiring C．balanced D．admirable 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文通过讲述张骞和哥伦布探险的故事，强调勇于突破常规、冒险探索的重要性，指出这些行为促进了社会成长与世界交流，激励人们勇于尝试。 1．句意：然而，有些人选择与众不同。 前文说很多人固守旧习惯传统，“However”表转折，对应有些人与众不同，因此“different”意为“不同的”，符合句意。 2．句意：2000多年前，一个名叫张骞的勇敢的人接受了汉武帝的重大任务。 张骞出使西域且后文提到他穿越艰险地区，这需要极大的勇气，因此“brave”意为“勇敢的”，符合句意。 3．句意：他带领一百多人穿越了名为河西走廊的艰险地区进行了一次旅程。 前文提到“received a big task”，后文描述到达大宛，因此是一次艰难的旅程，“journey”意为“旅程”，符合句意。 4．句意：经过许多挑战，他们到达了一个遥远的地方——大宛。 根据前文“tough”以及常识可知穿越艰险地区会遇到困难，因此“challenges”意为“挑战”，符合句意。 5．句意：这帮助中国与其他文化和国家建立了联系。 这一出行帮助中国与其他国家建立起联系，“connect with”表示“与……建立联系”，且后文提到“new connections”，因此“connect”意为“连接”，符合句意。 6．句意：后来，一位著名的历史学家司马迁记录了张骞的旅程。 根据常识可知，司马迁是历史学家，因此“historian”意为“历史学家”，符合句意。 7．句意：他赞扬张骞开辟了不同民族之间的新联系。 张骞为不同民族开辟了新联系，“opening up”意为“开辟”，与“new connections”搭配意为“建立新联系”，符合句意。 8．句意：另一位探险家哥伦布在500多年前从西班牙启航。 哥伦布航海探险，是一位探险家，因此“explorer”意为“探险家”，符合句意。 9．句意：他发现了一个新世界，并开启了大范围的思想、商品、文化等交流。 哥伦布到达美洲是“发现”新大陆，因此“discovered”意为“发现”，符合句意。 10．句意：像张骞和哥伦布这样的人的令人钦佩的行动帮助社会成长。 本文强调和赞扬张骞和哥伦布的行动，因此他们的行动是值得钦佩的，因此“admirable”意为“令人钦佩的”，符合句意。 Zhong Nanshan Zhong Nanshan is a famous medical scientist and an inspiring hero. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he worked 1 to protect people’s health. He was already in his eighties, but he still went to the front line 2 thinking twice. He studied the virus carefully and tried to find ways to save patients. He told people the 3 and encouraged them to stay calm. His words gave people hope and courage. He is knowledgeable, brave and responsible. He lives a simple life but has a great 4 . He always puts people’s lives first. He teaches us to be responsible and brave when 5 difficulties. We are proud of him and should learn from his strong will and kindness. We should be 6 for our society. We should face difficulties 7 . We should 8 others and make contributions. We should 9 stop trying our best. We should 10 to be useful people. 1．A．sadly B．tirelessly C．angrily D．slowly 2．A．with B．without C．for D．by 3．A．lie B．story C．truth D．joke 4．A．head B．heart C．body D．hand 5．A．facing B．seeing C．hearing D．watching 6．A．helpful B．careful C．hopeful D．useless 7．A．badly B．bravely C．sadly D．carefully 8．A．hurt B．help C．refuse D．dislike 9．A．always B．usually C．never D．often 10．A．decide B．want C．try D．hope 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了钟南山疫情期间不知疲倦工作，奔赴前线，告知真相，激励人们勇敢面对困难，努力成为有用的人。 1．句意：在新冠疫情期间，他不知疲倦地工作以保护人们的健康。 根据上文提到钟南山是知名医学科学家、抗疫英雄，结合疫情期间的工作背景，此处需要修饰动词work、体现他工作状态的副词。应用tirelessly，表示“不知疲倦地”，完全符合疫情下他全力投入抗疫的语境逻辑。sadly“悲伤地”、angrily“生气地”情绪色彩与抗疫工作场景不符；slowly“缓慢地”，不符合他争分夺秒守护民众健康的实际状态，均不成立。 2．句意：他已经八十多岁了，但仍毫不犹豫地去前线。 空后为thinking twice，结合前文转折逻辑“他年事已高却仍前往抗疫前线”，此处需要体现他行事果决的介词搭配。应用without，构成固定搭配without thinking twice，表示“毫不犹豫”，符合他不顾个人安危主动奔赴前线的行为逻辑。with thinking twice“反复斟酌”，和原文表意相反；for、by无法与thinking twice构成符合语境的搭配，均不成立。 3．句意：他告诉人们真相并鼓励他们保持冷静。 根据上下文语境，钟南山严谨研究病毒、给民众传递希望与勇气，此处需要填入他向公众传递的关于疫情的正向信息类名词。应用truth，表示“真相”，符合他公开透明告知疫情相关真实情况、安抚公众的行为逻辑。lie“谎言”，是负面表述，与他传递正向引导的人设相悖；story“故事”、joke“玩笑”，均不符合疫情期间向公众发布严肃防疫相关信息的语境。 4．句意：他生活简朴但有一颗伟大的心。 根据前文“生活简朴”的转折逻辑，后文“始终把民众生命放在第一位”的品质描述，此处需要填入指代人内在品格的名词。应用heart，抽象指代“心灵、心性”，符合描述人拥有崇高内在品格的常用表达逻辑。head“头脑”、body“身体”、hand“手”均指代具象身体部位，无法对应后文体现的崇高品格内涵，不符语境。 5．句意：他教导我们在面对困难时要尽责且勇敢。 空后为名词difficulties，结合前文语义，此处需要填入表示“遭遇、直面”含义的动词现在分词，构成时间状语。应用facing，表示“面对”，符合“遭遇困难时秉持勇敢负责态度”的常用固定表达逻辑。seeing“看见”、hearing“听见”、watching“观看”均无法与difficulties搭配，表达“身处困境”的含义，与题意无关。 6．句意：我们应该对社会有帮助。 根据上文钟南山始终将民众生命放在第一位的榜样引导，此处需要填入描述人对社会具备正向价值属性的形容词。应用helpful，表示“乐于助人的、愿意提供帮助的”，符合倡导大家向钟南山学习、服务社会的语境逻辑。careful“小心的”、hopeful“充满希望的”均无法直接体现对社会的价值属性；useless“无用的”，是负面表述，与倡导的正向导向完全相悖。 7．句意：我们应该勇敢地面对困难。 根据前文提到钟南山教导大家面对困难要勇敢，此处需要修饰动词短语face difficulties、体现处事态度的副词。应用bravely，表示“勇敢地”，完全呼应前文提及的面对困难需秉持的态度，符合语境逻辑。badly“恶劣地”、sadly“悲伤地”是负面态度，与正向倡导相悖；carefully“仔细地”，无法对应前文多次强调的面对困难的核心品质“勇敢”。 8．句意：我们应该帮助他人并做出贡献。 根据并列谓语“make contributions”的正向导向，此处需要填入体现正向利他行为的动词。应用help，表示“帮助”，符合倡导大家友善待人、为社会做贡献的语境逻辑。hurt“伤害”、refuse“拒绝”、dislike“厌恶”均是负面行为，与正向倡导的价值导向完全相反。 9．句意：我们永远都不应该停止尽全力付出。 根据后文“stop trying our best”的否定性动作指向，此处需要填入具备否定含义的频度副词，构成完全否定的表意。应用never，表示“从不、绝不”，符合倡导大家始终坚持尽全力付出的语境逻辑。always“总是”、usually“通常”、often“经常”均为肯定含义的频度副词，代入后表意完全相反，不符合正向倡导的要求。 10．句意：我们应该努力成为有用的人。 根据前文一系列的行动倡导，此处需要填入体现主动付诸行动、达成目标的动词。应用try，构成固定搭配try to be，表示“努力成为”，符合前文倡导大家践行优秀品质、争取成为有用之人的行动逻辑。decide to be“决定成为”，仅体现做决策，未呼应前文强调的主动践行的行动属性；want“想要”、hope“希望”仅停留在意愿层面，不符合语境倡导的落地行动的要求。 Changes & Heroes The world is changing all the time, and many inspiring people help to 1 these changes better. They work hard to improve people’s life and make the world warmer. In the past, people lived a hard life. Many inspiring people, 2 scientists and teachers, devoted themselves to helping others. Yuan Longping helped feed more people. Zhang Guimei helped girls get education. Zhong Nanshan protected people’s 3 . Modern technology and development bring convenience, 4 we still need the spirit of these inspiring people. We should face changes bravely, work hard and never give up. We should try to help others and make 5 to society. Everyone can be an inspiring person. By working hard and being kind, we can make the world more beautiful and 6 . We should 7 the spirit of heroes and 8 them. We should 9 doing good deeds and never 10 our dreams. 1．A．get B．turn C．make D．take 2．A．except B．between C．without D．like 3．A．money B．health C．food D．clothes 4．A．so B．but C．and D．or 5．A．money B．sense C．progress D．contributions 6．A．meaningful B．careful C．useful D．painful 7．A．remember B．forget C．lose D．throw 8．A．learn from B．laugh at C．look after D．hear from 9．A．stop B．keep C．avoid D．mind 10．A．give up B．take up C．get up D．pick up 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述世界总在发生变化，许多榜样人物助力时代发展，号召我们铭记英雄精神、向英雄学习，努力行善、永不放弃梦想。 1．句意：世界一直在变化，许多鼓舞人心的人助力让这些变化变得更好。 空后these changes better，make sth.+形容词“使某物……”为固定结构，make符合语境。get“得到”、turn“转变”、take“拿取”，均不能构成该搭配。 2．句意：过去，人们过着艰苦的生活。许多鼓舞人心的人，比如科学家和教师，投身于帮助他人。 此处用来举例，like“比如，像”符合语境。except“除了”、between“在……之间”、without“没有”，均不符合举例逻辑。 3．句意：袁隆平帮助养活更多人。张桂梅帮助女孩接受教育。钟南山守护人们的健康。 结合常识钟南山从事医疗相关工作，health“健康”符合语境。money“金钱”、food“食物”、clothes“衣服”，均和人物事迹不匹配。 4．句意：现代科技与发展带来便利，但是我们仍然需要这些榜样人物的精神。 前后句存在转折逻辑，but“但是”符合语境。so“所以”表因果、and“并且”表并列、or“或者”表选择，均不符合转折逻辑。 5．句意：我们应该尽力帮助他人，为社会做贡献。 make contributions to society“为社会做贡献”是固定短语，contributions符合语境。money“钱”、sense“感觉”、progress“进步”，均不能构成该固定搭配。 6．句意：通过努力奋斗与心怀善意，我们可以让世界更加美好且富有意义。 此处需要和前边的more beautiful并列，meaningful“有意义的”符合语境。careful“仔细的”、useful“有用的”、painful“痛苦的”，均不符合句意。 7．句意：我们应当铭记英雄的精神并且向他们学习。 结合上下文要传承英雄精神，remember“记住，铭记”符合语境。forget“忘记”、lose“丢失”、throw“扔掉”，均和文章主旨相悖。 8．句意：我们应当铭记英雄的精神并且向他们学习。 learn from“向……学习”符合学习英雄的语境。laugh at“嘲笑”、look after“照顾”、hear from“收到……来信”，均不符合文章逻辑。 9．句意：我们应该坚持做好事，永不放弃我们的梦想。 keep doing sth.坚持做某事，keep doing good deeds“坚持做好事”符合语境。stop“停止”、avoid“避免”、mind“介意”，均和文章倡导行善的主旨矛盾。 10．句意：我们应该坚持做好事，永不放弃我们的梦想。 give up“放弃”，never give up our dreams永不放弃梦想符合语境。take up“开始从事”、get up“起床”、pick up“捡起”，均不符合梦想相关语境。 Tu Youyou is a name known to every Chinese. She is the scientist 1 discovered artemisinin, a medicine that has saved millions of lives. Born in 1930, she showed great 2 in biology when she was young. After 3 medical college, she began to study traditional Chinese medicine. In the 1970s, malaria was a deadly disease. Many people were 4 by it. Tu spent years 5 natural herbs. She 6 hundreds of experiments before she finally succeeded. It was not easy 7 her to keep going, but she never lost hope. Her 8 to science has inspired many young researchers. She once said that 9 you want to succeed, you must work hard and never give up. Her story 10 us that one person can truly make a difference. 1．A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 2．A．interest B．interests C．interesting D．interested 3．A．enter B．entering C．entered D．to enter 4．A．hurt B．hurts C．hurting D．being hurt 5．A．study B．to study C．studying D．studied 6．A．did B．made C．took D．gave 7．A．of B．for C．to D．with 8．A．devote B．devotion C．devoted D．devoting 9．A．if B．unless C．until D．though 10．A．tells B．says C．speaks D．talks 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了屠呦呦发现青蒿素的历程，展现了她对科学的奉献及坚持不懈的精神，激励了无数年轻人。 1．句意：她是发现青蒿素的科学家，青蒿素是拯救了数百万人生命的药物。 句中“the scientist”指人，且从句缺主语，因此需用who引导定语从句。 2．句意：她1930年出生，年少时就对生物学表现出极大的兴趣。 固定搭配show interest in表示“对……表现出兴趣”，此处great后接不可数名词interest，作宾语。 3．句意：进入医学院后，她开始研究中医药。 句中“After”为介词，后接动名词形式entering。 4．句意：20世纪70年代，疟疾是致命疾病，很多人都受到它（疟疾）的侵害。 句中“were...by it”，说明此处是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“were+过去分词”，hurt 的过去分词与原形相同，表示状态。 5．句意：屠呦呦花费数年时间研究天然草药。 句中“spent years”提示此处考查短语spend time doing sth.，意为“花费时间做某事”，因此此处需用动名词studying。 6．句意：她做了数百次实验才最终取得成功。 句中“experiments”提示此处考查固定搭配do experiments，表示“做实验”，此处用过去式。 7．句意：对她来说坚持下去并不容易，但她从未放弃希望。 句中“It was not easy...to keep going”，说明此处考查“It is +adj.+for sb.+to do”结构，easy形容事情难易，因此用for。 8．句意：她对科学的奉献激励了许多年轻科研工作者。 句中“Her”为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，作主语，devotion为名词，符合语法和语义。 9．句意：她曾说如果你想成功，就必须努力工作、永不放弃。 句中“you want to succeed”与“work hard”提示此处是条件状语从句，表假设逻辑，用if。 10．句意：她的故事告诉我们，一个人真的可以带来改变。 固定用法tell sb. sth.表示“告诉某人某事、向某人说明”，其余三个动词say/speak/talk后面都不能直接接“人+内容”的结构，不符合搭配。 能力综合实践4篇 Many Chinese people know Zhang Qian. He is a great Chinese traveler 1 started the Silk Road many years ago. He was born in 164 BC, and then he became a small 2 during the period of Emperor Wu of Han. Zhang Qian was an honest person with strong minds, so he could 3 in overcoming (克服) many difficulties during his trips. In Chinese history, Zhang Qian visited 4 countries twice. He experienced very hard and dangerous life during his trips, but he never 5 and he finally finished the trips. Now let’s know more about Zhang Qian’s two great 6 . The first one was from 139 BC to 126 BC．Zhang Qian led about 100 people to the West Regions. During the 7 years’ trip, Zhang Qian met lots of difficult and dangerous situations. 8 , he returned to China safely. Zhang Qian’s second trip to the West Regions lasted about four years (from 119 BC to 115 BC). Zhang Qian took the things made in China to other countries. He also 9 back some great things from the countries in the West Regions. Zhang Qian’s two trips are the starting point of the Silk Road which is very important to China now. And they really play an important role on the 10 between China and other countries. 1．A．which B．why C．who D．where 2．A．voyage B．survey C．chain D．official 3．A．rise B．succeed C．cost D．hate 4．A．foreign B．careful C．lazy D．single 5．A．set up B．hold out C．gave up D．passed out 6．A．combs B．knees C．yards D．trips 7．A．thirteen B．twelve C．eleven D．ten 8．A．Usually B．Luckily C．Correctly D．Suddenly 9．A．developed B．searched C．brought D．counted 10．A．communication B．silk C．wealth D．steam 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国历史上著名的旅行家张骞的生平事迹和他所开启的丝绸之路的重要性。 1．句意：他是一位伟大的中国探险家，在多年前开辟了丝绸之路。 which引导定语从句，先行词为物；why引导定语从句，先行词表原因；who引导定语从句，先行词指人；where引导定语从句，先行词表地点。先行词是“a great Chinese traveler”，指人，应用who引导定语从句。故选C。 2．句意：他出生于公元前 164 年，后来在汉武帝时期成为一名小官员。 voyage航行；survey调查；chain链子；official官员。根据语境可知，在汉武帝时期，他成为了一名小官员。故选D。 3．句意：张骞为人正直，意志坚定，因此他能够在旅途中成功克服诸多困难。 rise上升；succeed成功；cost花费；hate讨厌。根据下文“he finally finished the trips”可知，他最终完成了行程，所以此处是指他成功地克服了困难；考查succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”，固定搭配。故选B。 4．句意：在中国历史上，张骞曾两次出访外国。 foreign外国的；careful仔细的；lazy懒惰的；single单一的。根据下文“other countries”可知，此处是指张骞出使的是西域等外国。故选A。 5．句意：在旅途中，他经历了极为艰苦且危险的生活，但他从未放弃，最终完成了行程。 set up建立；hold out伸出，坚持；gave up放弃；passed out昏倒。根据下文“he finally finished the trips”可知，他最终完成了行程，说明他没有放弃。故选C。 6．句意：现在，让我们进一步了解张骞的两次伟大旅程。 combs梳子；knees膝盖；yards院子；trips旅行。根据下文“Zhang Qian’s second trip”可知，此处是指张骞的两次伟大旅行。故选D。 7．句意：在这 13 年的旅程中，张骞遭遇了许多艰难险阻。 thirteen十三；twelve十二；eleven十一；ten十。根据上文“The first one was from 139 BC to 126 BC.”可知，第一次旅行从公元前139年到公元前126年，139-126 = 13，所以此处是指13年的旅行。故选A。 8．句意：幸运的是，他平安回到了中国。 Usually通常；Luckily幸运地；Correctly正确地；Suddenly突然地。根据上文“Zhang Qian met lots of difficult and dangerous situations”可知，他遇到了很多艰难危险的情况，幸运地是他安全回到了中国。故选B。 9．句意：张骞也从西域各国带回了一些珍贵的东西。 developed发展；searched搜寻；brought带来；counted数数。根据“back some great things from the countries in the West Regions”可知，此处是指张骞从西域各国带回了一些珍贵的东西；考查bring back“带回”，动词短语。故选C。 10．句意：它们在中国与其他国家的交流中确实发挥了重要作用。 communication交流；silk丝绸；wealth财富；steam蒸汽。根据上文“Zhang Qian’s two trips are the starting point of the Silk Road which is very important to China now.”可知，张骞的两次旅行对中国和其他国家之间的交流起到了重要作用。故选A。 Today, we are going to talk about Wang Haoze, a member of the Shenzhou­19 crew (乘组). In 2024, Wang Haoze became the third Chinese 1 to travel to space. She was born in 1990 in Hebei Province. Her mother is a middle school teacher and her father is a policeman. 2 in a family like that, she learned the importance of working hard from an early age. During her time at university, she showed great 3 ability, so she was always at the top of her class. In addition to studying, she was also a sports lover and often took part in sports competitions (比赛). In 2015, Wang finished her studies and started working as a rocket engineer in Beijing. One day, she heard about the selection (选拔) of 4 and decided to try for it. About 2,500 people took part in it. Finally, Wang 5 all the tests and became the only woman among 18 astronauts. From then on, Wang Haoze faced many new 6 . She went through 7 times at sea and in deserts. And one test was that she couldn't sleep for 72 hours. However, 8 could make her give up. “I kept going and after nearly 1,000 times of practice. I finally 9 the training standards,” Wang said. On October 30th, 2024, she was 10 sent into space with two other astronauts and realised her lifelong dream of travelling to space. 1．A．man B．woman C．student D．police 2．A．Growing up B．Waking up C．Looking up D．Getting up 3．A．sports B．painting C．music D．learning 4．A．engineers B．astronauts C．teachers D．scientists 5．A．failed B．found C．passed D．lost 6．A．changes B．choices C．chances D．challenges 7．A．relaxing B．comfortable C．free D．difficult 8．A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 9．A．found B．understood C．set D．met 10．A．successfully B．nearly C．usually D．secretly 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了神舟十九号乘组女航天员王浩泽的成长经历、求学与工作历程，以及她通过不懈努力最终实现太空梦想的故事。 1．句意：2024年，王浩泽成为第三位进入太空的中国女性。 根据下文“became the only woman among 18 astronauts”可知，她是女性航天员。woman“女性”，符合语境。man“男性”；student“学生”；police“警察”，均不符合“女性航天员”的身份。 2．句意：在这样一个家庭中长大，她从小就懂得了努力的重要性。 根据“in a family like that”及“from an early age”可知，她是在这样的家庭环境中成长起来的。Growing up“成长”，符合语境。Waking up“醒来”；Looking up“向上看”；Getting up“起床”，均不符合“家庭成长环境”的语义。 3．句意：在大学期间，她展现出很强的学习能力，因此总是名列前茅。 根据“always at the top of her class”可知，她学业优秀，学习能力强。learning“学习”，符合语境。sports“体育”；painting“绘画”；music“音乐”，均不符合“名列前茅”的学术表现。 4．句意：有一天，她听说了航天员的选拔，并决定去尝试。 根据下文“became the only woman among 18 astronauts”可知，选拔的是航天员。astronauts“航天员”，符合语境。engineers“工程师”；teachers“教师”；scientists“科学家”，均不符合“航天员选拔”的语境。 5．句意：最终，王浩泽通过了所有测试，成为18名航天员中唯一的女性。 根据“all the tests and became”可知，她成功通过了测试。passed“通过”，符合语境。failed“失败”；found“发现”；lost“丢失”，均不符合“通过测试”的语义。 6．句意：从那时起，王浩泽面临着许多新的挑战。 根据下文“went through...times at sea and in deserts”可知，她面临的是各种训练挑战。challenges“挑战”，符合语境。changes“改变”；choices“选择”；chances“机会”，均不符合“面临挑战”的语境。 7．句意：她在海上和沙漠中经历了艰难的时刻。 根据“couldn’t sleep for 72 hours”及“training standards”可知，训练条件非常艰苦。difficult“困难的”，符合语境。relaxing“放松的”；comfortable“舒适的”；free“自由的”，均不符合“高强度训练”的语境。 8．句意：然而，没有什么能让她放弃。 根据“I kept going”可知，无论什么都无法让她放弃。nothing“没有什么”，符合语境。everything“一切”；anything“任何事物”；something“某事物”，均不符合“无法使她放弃”的否定表达。 9．句意：“我坚持练习了将近1000次。我终于达到了训练标准。”王说。 根据“the training standards”及“I kept going”可知，她最终达到了标准。met“达到；满足”，符合语境。found“发现”；understood“理解”；set“设置”，均不符合“达到标准”的语义。 10．句意：2024年10月30日，她与另外两名航天员一起成功被送入太空，实现了她毕生的太空旅行梦想。 根据“realised her lifelong dream”可知，她成功实现了梦想。successfully“成功地”，符合语境。nearly“几乎”；usually“通常”；secretly“秘密地”，均不符合“实现梦想”的语境。 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Inspiring people are around us. They may not be famous stars, but their spirits can light up our life and teach us valuable lessons. Zhang Guimei is such a person who deeply moves all Chinese people. Zhang Guimei is a teacher in Yunnan. Many years ago, she found that many poor girls in mountain areas had no chance to go to school. Their families were too 1 to pay for their education. Most girls had to stay at home and work early. To change the fate of these girls, Zhang Guimei made up her 2 to build a free high school for girls. The road was full of 3 . She did not have enough money and faced lots of doubts. But she never 4 her dream. She tried her best to raise money and asked for support from society. After years of hard work, the first free high school for girls in China was finally 5 . Since then, Zhang Guimei has devoted all her time and energy to the school. She lives a simple life and always puts her students 6 . She gets up early and stays up late every day, caring about every student’s study and life. Thanks to her great 7 , more than 2000 mountain girls have entered universities and changed their lives. Many of them choose to go back to poor areas to teach and help more people. Zhang Guimei is an 8 person. She uses her lifetime to help others and spreads warmth and hope. Her story tells us that no matter how 9 the situation is, we should stick to our goals and help others. Everyone can make a 10 to the world with kindness and persistence. 1．A．rich B．poor C．small D．big 2．A．mind B．heart C．decision D．plan 3．A．happiness B．surprises C．difficulties D．successes 4．A．gave up B．gave out C．took up D．took off 5．A．invented B．created C．built D．discovered 6．A．first B．second C．last D．least 7．A．efforts B．mistakes C．problems D．secrets 8．A．energetic B．inspiring C．careful D．humorous 9．A．easy B．good C．hard D．special 10．A．choice B．promise C．mistake D．difference 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述张桂梅老师克服困难创办免费女子高中，帮助贫困女孩改变命运的感人故事，激励人们坚持目标，帮助他人。 1．句意：她们的家庭太贫穷，负担不起教育费用。 根据“many poor girls”及“no chance to go to school”，可知家庭贫困是辍学原因。poor“贫穷的” 符合语境。rich“富裕的”、small“小的”、big“大的”均和 “交不起学费” 逻辑矛盾。 2．句意：为改变这些女孩的命运，张桂梅下定决心为女孩们建一所免费的高中。 根据固定搭配“make up one’s mind”，可知此处填mind。heart“心脏”、decision“决定”、plan“计划”均不能搭配该固定短语。 3．句意：这条路充满了困难。 根据“She did not have enough money and faced lots of doubts”，可知过程充满艰难险阻。difficulties “困难” 符合文意。happiness“幸福”、surprises“惊喜”、successes“成功”均与后文逆境不符。 4．句意：但她从未放弃她的梦想。 根据“She tried her best to raise money”，可知她坚持梦想未放弃。gave out“分发；耗尽”、took up“开始从事”、took off“起飞；脱下”语意不通。 5．句意：经过多年的努力，中国第一所免费的女子高中终于建成了。 主语是“the first free high school”，动词应用built“建造”。invented指发明物品、created指创造抽象事物、discovered指发现已有事物，均不搭配学校。 6．句意：她过着简朴的生活，总是把学生放在第一位。 根据“devoted all her time and energy”，可知学生是她的首要任务。固定搭配put sb. first意为“把某人放在首位”。second“第二”、last“最后”、least“最少”均不符合她一心为学生的人物形象。 7．句意：多亏她的巨大努力，2000多名山区女孩进入了大学，改变了她们的人生。 女孩们能够进入大学，是因为张桂梅付出了巨大的“努力(effort)”。mistakes“错误”、problems“难题”、secrets“秘密”均与语境不符。 8．句意：张桂梅是一个鼓舞人心的人。 根据首段“Inspiring people are around us”及全文主旨，可知她是鼓舞人心的。energetic“精力充沛的”、careful“细心的”、humorous“幽默的”不是全文核心评价。 9．句意：她的故事告诉我们，无论情况多么艰难，我们都应该坚持目标并帮助他人。 根据“stick to our goals”，可知是在逆境中坚持。hard “艰难的” 贴合语境；easy“简单的、good“美好的、special“特别的”逻辑不通。 10．句意：每个人都能用善良和坚持对世界产生影响。 根据固定搭配“make a difference”意为“有影响，起作用，做出改变”。choice“选择”、promise“承诺”、mistake“错误”均无法构成该固定短语。 Rafael Nadal said he would control his feelings, but he couldn’t. Tears filled his eyes as “La Marcha Real (西班牙国歌)” played before his final tennis match. Nadal was still there throughout the match. He 1 points with fist pumps (挥拳) and shouts of “Vamos (加油)!” The crowd was excited by his energy. In the end, he lost the match, but that didn’t 2 him. At 38, Nadal knew that his body was 3 his skill level. The 4 told him to stop. He just hoped to be remembered for following his tennis dream. Nadal showed a 5 for the sport early in life. At eight, he won a regional championship (区域性的锦标赛) for players under 12. His first ATP title, at age 18, came just a year 6 he started his professional (职业的) career. Two years later, he won 7 Roger Federer, the world’s number one tennis player. The French Open was where he achieved his greatest successes. In 2005, he won the match on his first try. Over the years, 14 of his 22 Grand Slam titles were taken on its clay courts (红土球场). 8 , Nadal won 96.5% of his French Open matches. But Nadal, the King of Clay, also 9 elsewhere. His 2008 Wimbledon win against Federer is one of the greatest tennis matches. He also has won two Australian Open titles, four U. S. Open titles and an Olympic singles gold medal. He faces Federer with a 14-10 career record in all their finals. Now, the hero has announced the 10 of his career. He says he will miss tennis and his fans, but he is not worried about the change. “I have always been happy without tennis,” he said. “I have to accept that things will be different.” 1．A．celebrated B．considered C．expected D．marked 2．A．influence B．satisfy C．surprise D．worry 3．A．showing B．limiting C．proving D．harming 4．A．points B．matches C．signs D．achievements 5．A．result B．value C．talent D．ability 6．A．when B．after C．until D．because 7．A．with B．above C．past D．against 8．A．Instead B．However C．In all D．For example 9．A．shone B．fought C．appeared D．helped 10．A．pity B．end C．tale D．Story 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了西班牙网球名将纳达尔的职业生涯，回顾了他的辉煌成就、身体状况变化以及最终宣布退役的心路历程。 1．句意：他挥拳呐喊“加油！”，以此庆祝每一分。 根据“fist pumps”和“shouts of”，这是得分后的庆祝动作，celebrated“庆祝”，贴合赛场场景。 2．句意：最终他输掉了比赛，但这并没有让他忧心。 后文他坦然接受身体现状、看淡胜负，输球并未困扰他，worry“使担忧”，符合语境。 3．句意：38岁的纳达尔明白自己的身体正在限制自身技术水平。 年龄增长让身体机能下滑，约束了他的竞技发挥，limiting“限制”，贴合文意。 4．句意：种种迹象都告诉他该停下了。 身体状态变差、竞技能力下降这些征兆，提示他应当结束网球生涯，signs“迹象”，符合语境。 5．句意：纳达尔年少时就展现出这项运动的天赋。 后文8岁拿下少年区域锦标赛、15岁夺得ATP冠军，都是早年网球天赋的体现，固定搭配show a talent for表示“展现某方面天赋”。 6．句意：他在18岁时首次获得ATP冠军，就在他开始职业生涯的一年后。 逻辑上先开启职业道路，时隔一年收获首个冠军，时间先后关系用after（在……之后）。 7．句意：两年后，他战胜了世界排名第一的网球运动员罗杰·费德勒。 固定搭配win against sb，表示“战胜、击败对手”。 8．句意：总计来看，纳达尔的法网赛事胜率高达96.5%。 前文列举他拿下14座法网大满贯奖杯，此处整体统计法网总胜率数据，In all“总共、总计”，符合语境。 9．句意：但这位红土之王在其他赛场同样大放异彩。 后文温网、美网、澳网冠军与奥运金牌都是他非红土场地的亮眼成绩，shone用来比喻赛场发挥出色、光芒四射。 10．句意：如今这位传奇选手宣告了自己职业生涯的终结。 文章末尾交代纳达尔退役，“the end of his career”即职业生涯落幕终止。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $