2027届高三英语一轮复习 热点时事语法填空专项（103-105）

**基本信息** 聚焦语法填空核心考点，结合热点时事与传统文化语境，通过逐空解析系统提炼词形转换、时态、从句等解题方法，构建从基础到复杂的知识逻辑链。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |热点时事（103-104）|2篇|时间标志词判定时态（如over the past two years用现在完成时）、主动被动关系区分非谓语（如range主动用ranging）|从基础词性转换（safe→unsafe）到复杂句式（定语从句where的使用），结合时事语境强化语法应用| |传统文化（105）|1篇|固定搭配识别（如in terror）、语境逻辑判断连词（如but表转折）|以成语故事为载体，融合时态语态（will be frightened）与代词运用（their），深化文化意识与语言能力|

2027届高三英语一轮复习 热点时事语法填空专项（103-105） 本期导读： Passage 103 80%城市居民呼吸的空气不安全 Passage 104 中国城市拓展开学季福利 关注点不再局限于消费 Passage 105 狐假虎威 语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 103 80%城市居民呼吸的空气不安全 A new study finds that more than 80 percent of people living in cities are breathing 1 （safe）air. The World Health Organization study on urban air quality says those most affected live in the world's poorest cities. The study finds urban air pollution 2 （double）in 3,000 cities over the past two years. The cities are in 103 countries. The study also shows that almost all cities with populations over 100,000, and in developing countries, have air pollution levels that do not meet WHO guidelines. The WHO warns that as air quality worsens the risk increases for many diseases. These include stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, and breathing diseases such as asthma. Poor air quality is also responsible for an estimated seven million premature 3 （die）every year. Flavia Bustreo is WHO Assistant-Director General of Family, Women and Children's Health. In the report, she says that dirty air in cities most affects the youngest, oldest, and poorest people. 4 , her colleague, Maria Neira, says there are effective measures to deal with the problem. Neira leads the WHO's Public Health and Environmental Policy. "You will see that in those cities 5 measures have been put in place, you can see a decrease in the levels of air pollution and, therefore, on the health risks caused by air pollution. "Neira agrees in the report that "urban air pollution continues to rise at 6 alarming rate" and severely affects human health. But she says the study shows improvements too.In her words, "awareness is rising and more cities are monitoring 7 ( them) air quality." This includes increased monitoring of particulate matter in the air. "Particulate matter," also 8 (know) as particle pollution, is a complex mixture of 9 (extreme)small particles and liquid droplets. Particulate matter is made up of a number of parts, including acids, organic chemicals, metals, and soil or dust. The WHO study finds a reduction in air pollutants could lessen deaths from particulate matter by 15 percent. Carlos Dora is Coordinator of WHO's Department of Public Health and Environmental Policy. He says there are low-cost ways to improve air quality for even the poorest cities. These methods include using renewable power sources, such as solar and wind, and sustainable public transportation. "If you have clean transportation means, like cycling, walking or rapid transit systems — where you have a lot of people being carried with a few vehicles — then you have less air pollution." "Or, if you have cities like New York, which have cleaned the fuel to heat and cool the buildings in a major way ... Then you have important improvements in air pollution." The report says the areas 10 the poorest air quality are in the Eastern Mediterranean and South East Asia. Passage 104 中国城市拓展开学季福利 关注点不再局限于消费 As China's autumn semester begins, cities with large university populations are rolling out incentives and services for new students, 1 (range) from shopping offers and cultural experiences to public services and career support. The measures point to a 2 (broad) shift in the back-to-school season. While student spending remains important, some cities are extending welcome programs to build longer-term ties with young people 3 could later join the local workforce. Eight cities now have more than 1 million higher-education students each, according to 4 (finance) media outlet Yicai. Guangzhou has the largest student population, with about 1.78 million students enrolled in undergraduate, vocational, and postgraduate programs. Zhengzhou and Wuhan follow with about 1.53 million and 1.44 million, 5 (respective).Chengdu, Chongqing, Beijing, Xi'an, and Nanjing have also passed the one-million mark, the report said. These large student populations form a significant consumer base for dining, electronics, tourism, and entertainment, prompting cities to tailor welcome programs to local 6 (strong).In Chengdu, new students can apply for a city experience card offering benefits across dining, accommodation, transport, tourism, shopping, and entertainment. Now Twenty-seven tourist attractions and cultural venues 7 ( offer) free admission to new students, while two accompanying family members can receive half-price tickets. Wuhan, which has one of 8 highest concentrations of universities in China, launched 9 (it) university welcome season on Saturday, with activities spanning shopping, dining, culture, and entertainment. The program also highlights employment and entrepreneurship opportunities and provides easier access 10 local government services. For some cities, the longer-term focus extends to retaining young people after graduation. According to Hubei's local newspaper Changjiang Daily, more than 27 percent of graduates from universities in Wuhan had stayed in the city for work over the past five years. In 2025, Wuhan attracted 314,000 university graduates who stayed in or moved to the city for work or entrepreneurship, the report said. Passage 105 狐假虎威 Once upon a time, there was a tiger 1 (live) in a forest. It often roamed through the 2 (wood) in search of food, and whenever the other animals saw it, they would run away in fear. One day, the tiger caught a fox and was about to eat it. The fox was terrified, 3 it quickly came up with 4 clever idea. "You can't eat me!" the fox said. "The Emperor of Heaven sent me here to rule over all the animals in the forest. If you eat me, you will be disobeying his command." The tiger was skeptical. "How do I know you're telling the truth?" it asked. "If you don't believe me, follow me," the fox replied. "Wherever I go, all the animals 5 (frighten) and run away." So the fox walked ahead, with the tiger following 6 (close) behind. As they made 7 ( they) way through the forest, the fox held its head high and walked proudly. Sure enough, as soon as the tiger appeared, all the animals fled 8 terror. The fox turned to the tiger with a smug look and said, "See? Isn't everyone afraid of me?" But the tiger didn't realize that the animals were actually 9 (terrify) of the tiger following behind the fox. Convinced that the fox was telling the truth, the tiger let it go. Today, the idiom is commonly used to describe someone 10 uses another person's power or influence to intimidate or bully others. Passage 103 80%城市居民呼吸的空气不安全 参考答案 1. unsafe 2. has doubled 3. deaths 4. However 5. where 6. an 7. their 8. known 9. extremely 10. with 逐空解析 1. unsafe 考点：形容词词形转换 解析：文章主题是城市空气不安全，修饰名词 air 要用形容词。safe（安全的）→ unsafe（不安全的）。 2. has doubled 考点：现在完成时 解析：时间标志词 over the past two years（在过去两年里），是现在完成时的标志；主语 urban air pollution 为不可数名词，谓语用单数。double 意为 “翻倍”。 3. deaths 考点：名词复数 解析：premature 是形容词，后面接名词；die 是动词，变形为 death（死亡）。seven million 表示大量，要用复数 deaths。premature deaths 过早死亡。 4. However 考点：逻辑连接副词 解析：前一句讲述污浊空气对弱势群体伤害大，后一句表示同事认为有有效对策解决问题，前后转折。放在句首首字母大写。 5. where 考点：定语从句（关系副词） 解析：先行词是 cities（地点），定语从句 measures have been put in place 句子成分完整，不缺主语或宾语，用关系副词 where，在从句中充当地点状语。 6. an 考点：不定冠词 解析：固定搭配 at an alarming rate，意为 “以惊人的速度”。alarming 以元音音素开头，用 an。 7. their 考点：形容词性物主代词 解析：修饰名词 air quality，需要形容词性物主代词；them（宾格）→ their（他们的）。their air quality 它们的空气质量。 8. known 考点：非谓语动词（过去分词作后置定语） 解析：固定短语 be known as 被称作；此处作后置定语，去掉 be 动词，用过去分词 known 表被动含义。 9. extremely 考点：副词修饰形容词 解析：修饰形容词 small 要用副词。extreme（形容词，极度的）→ extremely（副词，极其）。extremely small particles 极微小颗粒。 10. with 考点：介词 解析：with 表示 “具有，带有”，with the poorest air quality 作后置定语修饰 areas，意为 “空气质量最差的地区”。 Passage 104 中国城市拓展开学季福利 关注点不再局限于消费 参考答案 1. ranging 2. broader 3. who/that 4. financial 5. respectively 6. strengths 7. are offering 8. the 9. its 10. to 逐空解析 1. ranging 考点：非谓语动词。. 解析：现在分词作后置定语。range from…to… 意为 “从…… 到……”；逻辑主语 incentives and services 与 range 是主动关系，用现在分词 ranging。 2. broader 考点：形容词比较级。 解析：后文提到关注点不再局限于消费，说明开学季的转变范围更广泛。broad（广泛的）→broader（更广泛的），修饰名词 shift。 3. who/that 考点：定语从句关系代词。 解析：先行词 young people 指人，从句缺少主语，可用 who 或者 that 引导定语从句。句意：这些年轻人日后可能成为本地劳动力。 4. financial 考点：形容词词形转换。 解析：修饰名词 media outlet 需要形容词。finance 名词 / 动词 → financial 形容词，意为 “财经的”。financial media outlet 财经媒体。 5. respectively 考点：副词转换。 解析：respective 形容词 “分别的”；respectively 副词 “分别地，各自地”，放在句末，表示郑州、武汉学生数量依次为 153 万、144 万。 6. strengths 考点：名词复数。解析：local 形容词后接名词；strong 形容词 → strength 名词 “优势，长处”；各地不止一项优势，用复数 strengths。 7. are offering 考点：现在进行时。 解析：主语 Twenty-seven tourist attractions and cultural venues 为复数。语境：当下成都 27 处景点、文化场馆正在为新生提供免票政策，描述现阶段正在实施的举措，用现在进行时 are offering。 8. the 考点：定冠词。 解析：固定结构 “one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，表示 “最…… 之一”，最高级前必须加 the。 9. its 考点：形容词性物主代词。 解析：修饰名词 university welcome season；it 代词 → its 物主代词 “它的”，指代武汉。 10. to 考点：介词固定搭配。 解析：access to… 固定短语，意为 “接触 / 使用…… 的机会、通道”。access to local government services 获取本地政务服务。 Passage 105 狐假虎威 参考答案 1. living 2. woods 3. but 4. a 5. will be frightened 6. closely 7. their 8. in 9. terrified 10. who/that 逐空解析 1. living 考点：非谓语动词（现在分词作后置定语）。 解析：tiger 和 live 是主动关系，用现在分词 living，相当于定语从句 there was a tiger who lived in a forest。句意：从前森林里住着一只老虎。 2. woods 考点：名词复数。 解析：wood 表示 “木头” 不可数；woods 固定含义 “树林，林地”，常用复数形式。roamed through the woods 在树林里游荡。 3. but 考点：并列连词。 解析：狐狸很害怕，但是很快想出一个妙计。前后转折关系，填 but。 4. a 考点：不定冠词 。解析：idea 是可数名词单数；clearly 以辅音音素开头，come up with a clever idea 想出一个聪明的主意。 5. will be frightened 考点：时态 + 被动语态。 解析：引号内是狐狸说的话（条件状语从句，主将从现）。动物是 “被吓到”，要用被动。句意：无论我走到哪里，所有动物都会被吓跑。 6. closely 考点：副词修饰动词。 解析：修饰动词 following 要用副词。close（adj. 近的）→ closely（adv. 紧紧地，靠近地）。follow closely behind 紧紧跟在后面。 7. their 考点：形容词性物主代词。 解析：固定搭配 make one’s way，主语 they，所以 one’s 换成 their。make their way 前行，前进。 8. in 考点：介词固定搭配。 解析：in terror 惊恐地，害怕地，作状语。fled in terror 惊慌逃窜。 9. terrified 考点：形容词作表语。 解析：固定短语 be terrified of… 害怕……；terrified 形容人 / 动物感到恐惧的；terrifying 是 “令人恐惧的”。 10. who/that 考点：定语从句关系代词 。解析：先行词 someone 指人，从句缺少主语，可用 who 或者 that 引导。句意：用来形容依仗别人权势欺压恐吓他人的人。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $