Unit 5 Animals and us由why、where、when、how引导的特殊疑问句（核心语法精练）【简语法-单元核心语法精练】2026-2027学年沪教版英语六年级上册五四学制

**基本信息** 聚焦特殊疑问句四核心疑问词（why/where/when/how），构建"功能分类-结构规则-语境应用"三阶训练体系，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心语法回顾|3模块6要点|疑问词功能分类（why原因/where地点等）、结构规则（疑问词+一般疑问句语序）|从基础功能到结构规则，建立概念关联| |基础应用（单选/填空）|20题|回答对应法（because答why等）、搭配记忆法（how+much/long等）|规则直接应用，强化语法准确性| |综合应用（完形/短文填空）|6篇语篇|语境辨析法（根据答语推断疑问词）|从单句到语篇，提升语言运用能力|

单元核心语法精练 Unit 5 Animals and us （新教材沪教版五四学制） （由why、where、when、how引导的特殊疑问句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 本单元学习 why、where、when、how 引导的特殊疑问句。why 询问原因，where 询问地点，when 询问时间，how 询问方式或程度。这类问句由疑问词开头后接一般疑问句语序，回答须与疑问词对应。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、why 与 where 引导 why 问原因 why 提问原因，常用 because 回答。 Why do you like spring? Because it is warm. where 问地点 where 提问地点或方位。 Where is your book? It is on the desk. 二、when 引导 when 问时间 when 用来对时间点或日期提问。 When does the meeting start? At three. what time 问时刻 what time 询问具体钟点。 What time do you go to bed? At ten. 三、how 引导 how 问方式 how 提问动作的方式。 How do you go to school? By bike. how 配程度/数量 how much 问价格，how long 问时长。 How much is the sweater? Fifty yuan. 使用注意事项 1. 特殊疑问句一律用“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”语序，疑问词后要再加 do/does/did 等。 2. why 提问须用 because 回答；where/when/how 的回答要对应地点、时间、方式。 3. how 常与 much、long、far、often 等连用，含义随搭配变化，需整体记忆。 一、单项选择 1．—________ is the book? —It's on the desk. A．What B．When C．How D．Where 【答案】D 【详解】句意：书在哪里？在桌上。询问地点用 where。故选 D。 2．—________ do you like spring? —Because it's warm. A．What B．Why C．How D．When 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你为什么喜欢春天？因为它温暖。询问原因用 why。故选 B。 3．—________ will the meeting start? —At three o'clock. A．When B．What C．Where D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：会议什么时候开始？三点。询问时间用 when。故选 A。 4．—________ do you go to school? —By bike. A．What B．Where C．How D．When 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你怎么上学？骑自行车。询问方式用 how。故选 C。 5．—________ are you from? —I'm from Shanghai. A．What B．Where C．When D．Who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你来自哪里？我来自上海。询问地点用 where。故选 B。 6．—________ is your new bike? —Three hundred yuan. A．How many B．What C．How D．How much 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你的新自行车多少钱？三百元。询问价格用 how much。故选 D。 7．—________ does it take to get there? —About an hour. A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often 【答案】A 【详解】句意：到那里要花多久？大约一小时。询问时长用 how long。故选 A。 8．—________ is it from here to the park? —Two kilometres. A．How long B．How much C．How far D．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：从这里到公园多远？两公里。询问距离用 how far。故选 C。 9．—________ do we get to the museum? —Let's take a bus. A．How B．What C．Where D．When 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们怎么去博物馆？坐公交吧。询问方式用 how。故选 A。 10．—________ are you late? —Because the bus broke down. A．What B．Why C．When D．Where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你为什么迟到？因为公交坏了。询问原因用 why。故选 B。 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给词的适当形式填空 1．________ (who) book is this? —It's Tom's. 【答案】Whose 【详解】句意：这是谁的书？汤姆的。who 的物主形式用 Whose。 2．These ________ (photo) of the trip are very beautiful. 【答案】photos 【详解】句意：这次旅行的这些照片很美。photo 的复数为 photos。 3．She ________ (do) her homework after school every day. 【答案】does 【详解】句意：她每天放学后做作业。主语三单，do 变 does。 4．________ (they) favourite animals are pandas. 【答案】Their 【详解】句意：他们最喜欢的动物是熊猫。they 的形容词性物主代词为 Their。 5．He is ________ (real) a good boy and we all like him. 【答案】really 【详解】句意：他真是个好男孩，我们都喜欢他。real 的副词形式为 really。 6．The boy ________ (run) fast in the race. 【答案】runs 【详解】句意：男孩在赛跑中跑得快。主语三单，run 加 -s。 7．________ (that) girls over there are my classmates. 【答案】Those 【详解】句意：那边的那些女孩是我的同学。that 的复数形式为 those。 8．It is ________ (possible) to finish so much work, so we need help. 【答案】impossible 【详解】句意：完成这么多工作是不可能的，所以我们需要帮助。possible 加 im- 变反义。 9．My mother ________ (go) to work by subway. 【答案】goes 【详解】句意：我妈妈乘地铁上班。主语三单，go 加 -es。 10．The children ________ (be) very happy at the party. 【答案】are 【详解】句意：孩子们在聚会上很开心。主语 children 为复数，be 用 are。 三、按要求完成句子 1．你来自哪里？ ________ are you ________? 【答案】Where; from 【详解】句意：你来自哪里？询问地点用 Where，搭配 be from。 2．你为什么喜欢熊猫？ ________ do you like ________? 【答案】Why; pandas 【详解】句意：你为什么喜欢熊猫？询问原因用 Why，熊猫用 pandas。 3．他通常什么时候睡觉？ ________ ________ does he usually go to bed? 【答案】What time 【详解】句意：他通常几点睡觉？询问具体时刻用 What time。 4．我们怎么去公园？ ________ do we ________ to the park? 【答案】How; go 【详解】句意：我们怎么去公园？询问方式用 How，去用 go。 5．那件毛衣多少钱？ ________ ________ is that sweater? 【答案】How much 【详解】句意：那件毛衣多少钱？询问价格用 How much。 6．Her aunt lives near the river.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ her aunt live? 【答案】Where does 【详解】句意：她姑姑住在河边。对地点提问用 Where，主语三单借助 does。 7．He loves the dog because it is cute.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ he love the dog? 【答案】Why does 【详解】句意：他爱狗是因为它可爱。对原因提问用 Why，主语三单借助 does。 8．Lily enjoyed the party very much yesterday.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ Lily ________ the party yesterday? 【答案】How did; enjoy 【详解】句意：莉莉昨天非常喜欢这个派对。划线部分`very much`表程度，用How提问；原句是一般过去时，谓语动词 enjoyed 为实义动词，要借助助动词did，后面动词变回原形enjoy。 9．The train leaves at eight in the morning.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ does the train leave? 【答案】What time 【详解】句意：火车早上八点发车。对具体时刻提问用 What time。 10．The boy looks happy today.（对划线部分提问） ________ does the boy ________? 【答案】How; look 【详解】句意：男孩今天看起来很高兴。对感受提问用 How，看起来用 look。 四、完形填空 Passage 1 根据文章内容在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文). Is It OK to Post Pet Videos Online? There are hundreds of thousands of animal videos on the Internet that are watched by millions of people every day. However, some people think it’s cruel① for people to post videos of pets. Students in Rose Garden School have a debate② and here are their opinions. Yes—pets are cute, funny and can be good for us. Watching pet videos can help people relax and feel happy in the 1 way as being with an animal. This is really good for people who can’t have their own pet. Some studies show these videos may make more people want to get a pet. Some vets say it is OK to take videos of pets playing or doing easy tricks③. Why shouldn’t pet owners 2 their animals and have fun making videos with them? 3 a pet video gets lots of views, the owner can also earn money, which would be better for both the owner and the pet. No—pets are not just for making people happy. Making pets do tricks is unfair because they cannot say no. To make videos attractive④, people may ask pets to do 4 things. This can be scary or even hurt the pet. 5 , a cat may jump high when it sees a cucumber because it thinks it is a snake. That is not funny—it is afraid. Posting pet videos just to get likes is not kind. It is 6 making animals perform in a circus. ①cruel adj. 残忍的  ②debate n. 辩论  ③trick n. 戏法  ④attractive adj. 有吸引力的 1．A．same B．different     C．important D．useful 2．A．see B．show C．watch D．help 3．A．But B．So C．When D．Even 4．A．dangerous B．simple C．easy D．interesting 5．A．However B．Such as C．In this way D．For example 6．A．as B．like C．for D．about 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 【导语】本文主要讨论了是否应该发布宠物视频，分别列出了支持和反对的观点。 【详解】1．句意：观看宠物视频可以帮助人们放松和快乐，就像和动物在一起一样。 same相同的；different不同的；important重要的；useful有用的。此处强调观看宠物视频的效果和与动物在一起相同，所以用the same way表示“同样的方式”。故选A。 2．句意：为什么宠物主人不应该展示他们的动物，并且开心地和它们一起制作视频？ see看见；show展示；watch观看；help帮助。根据“making videos with them”可知，此处表示制作视频来展示宠物。故选B。 3．句意：当宠物视频获得大量观看时，主人也可以赚钱，这对主人和宠物都有好处。 But但是；So所以；When当……时；Even甚至。根据“a pet video gets lots of views, the owner can also earn money, which would be better for both the owner and the pet.”可知， 此处表达一种条件或时间关系，所以用When引导时间状语从句，表示当视频获得观看时，就会赚钱。故选C。 4．句意：为了让视频有吸引力，人们可能会让宠物做危险的事情。 dangerous危险的；simple简单的；easy容易的；interesting有趣的。根据后文“This can be scary or even hurt the pet.”可推知，此处表示让宠物做危险的事情。故选A。 5．句意：例如，当猫看到黄瓜时，它可能会跳得很高，因为它认为这是一条蛇。 However然而；Such as例如，后面不用逗号，用于列举多个事物；In this way以这种方式；For example例如，后面通常用逗号隔开，用于列举一个事实或观点。根据“a cat may jump high when it sees a cucumber because it thinks it is a snake”可知，此处列举了一个事例，且空后有逗号，所以用For example来引出例子。故选D。 6．句意：这就像让动物在马戏团里表演一样。 as作为；like像；for为了；about关于。根据前文“Posting pet videos just to get likes is not kind.”可知，此处将发布宠物视频比作马戏团表演，表示相似性，介词like最合适。故选B。 Passage 2 根据短文内容，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many people think that animals are just animals. But scientists have found that animals can show feelings just like humans. They can be happy, sad, scared, or even 1 . Take dogs for example. When you come home, your dog may wag its tail and jump around. This shows that it is 2 to see you. When you are sad, your dog may come and sit beside you. It seems to 3 that you need comfort. Cows are also very 4 animals. They have best friends on the farm. When a cow is separated from its friend, it may become stressed and eat 5 . Farmers have noticed that cows produce more milk when they are with their friends. Even chickens can show feelings. They can recognise the faces of about 100 other chickens. They also have a 6 system. When a chicken sees danger, it makes a special sound to warn the others. All these examples show us that animals are much more complex than we think. We should treat them with kindness and respect. 1．A．angry B．sweet C．smooth D．easy 2．A．sad B．happy C．tired D．right 3．A．forget B．understand C．shout D．remember 4．A．wild B．lonely C．social D．local 5．A．more B．less C．better D．redder 6．A．warning B．eating C．sleeping D．promising 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 【导语】本文主要介绍动物拥有类似人类的情感，通过狗、牛、鸡的实例展现其情绪与社交行为，呼吁人类善待动物，尊重生命。 【详解】1．句意：它们可以开心、难过、害怕，甚至生气。 前文列举的是情绪类形容词，angry“生气的”符合情绪范畴；sweet“甜的”、smooth“光滑的”、easy“容易的”均不符合。 2．句意：这表明它见到你很开心。 狗摇尾巴、跳来跳去是开心的表现，happy“开心的”符合语境；sad“难过的”、tired“疲惫的”、right“正确的”均不符合。 3．句意：它似乎明白你需要安慰。 狗在主人难过时陪伴，是“明白”主人的需求，understand“明白”符合语境；forget“忘记”、shout“大喊”、remember“记得”均不符合。 4．句意：奶牛也是非常社交的动物。 根据“have best friends”可知奶牛是社交性的，social“社交的”符合语境；wild“野生的”、lonely“孤独的”、local“当地的”均不符合。 5．句意：当奶牛和朋友分开时，它可能会压力大，吃得更少。 压力大时通常食欲下降，less“更少”符合语境；more“更多”、better“更好”、redder“更红”均不符合。 6．句意：它们也有一个预警系统。 根据“make a special sound to warn the others”可知是预警系统，warning“预警的”符合语境；eating“进食的”、sleeping“睡觉的”、promising“有希望的”均不符合。 Passage 3 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Dogs and Humans About 14,000 years ago, human beings and dogs began a partnership that has lasted through the years. Our interactions (互动) may have begun when wolves came 1 to our homes, attracted by the smell of human garbage, or when humans found wolf puppies and trained them to be loving pets. Today, through the careful selection of dog parents, humans have created many different types of dogs. Each type has its own look and talents, and its own 2 within human society. Here are three examples of “a dog’s life” in the human world. The Animal Carer Today, many hospitals let specially trained dogs in to bring love and cheer to patients. Shaynee the wheaten terrier (小猎犬) is a therapy (治疗) dog. She visits children who are fighting deadly diseases. Dogs like Shaynee help patients feel calm and at peace, which can be 3 in a busy hospital. They help both children and adults stay strong during long hospital stays, and, some suggest, even help them get better. The Working Dog Today, some beagles (小猎犬) work in airports for the government. They are part of a program called the Beagle Brigade. A beagle is good for this type of work because of its powerful nose, and ability to track smells. The Beagle Brigade’s job is to smell everything that comes into the country. They 4 officers of illegal fruits, vegetables, and other foods in luggage or in mail. The beagles do the job far better than any human could. Some of the dogs are donated by private owners; others were rescued from animal shelter. The Household Pet 5 some dogs are working hard, others are free to spend their days resting and playing. Across the world, many pet dogs are treated like children. Many have their own rooms and all the things a dog want. Some even have their own clothes. Many of these pets spend their days playing, learning to be obedient (顺从的), or even going to yoga classes. Their owners give them the best, and 6 doing so. 1．A．back B．close C．down D．out 2．A．habit B．method C．role D．style 3．A．attractive B．common C．hard D．strange 4．A．advise B．free C．rob D．warn 5．A．Unless B．Because C．Since D．While 6．A．enjoy B．mind C．practice D．suggest 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了人与狗之间的良好关系，并讲述了狗与人类是千年伙伴，扮演了治疗、安检、伴侣等多重角色。 【详解】1．句意：我们之间的互动可能是从狼被人类垃圾的气味吸引到我们家附近开始的，或者是当人类发现小狼并把它们训练成可爱的宠物时。 back后面；close关闭；down向下；out外面。根据“when wolves came…to our homes,”可知，此处指狼被垃圾气味吸引而靠近人类住所，come close to表示“靠近/接近”。故选B。 2．句意：每种类型都有自己的外貌和才能，以及在人类社会中自己的角色。 habit习惯；method方法；role角色；style风格。此处需表示“在人类社会中的角色”，“role”符合语境，说明不同犬种的社会功能，故选C。 3．句意：像Shaynee这样的狗可以帮助病人感到平静和安宁，这在繁忙的医院是很难做到的。 attractive吸引人的；common常见的；hard困难的；strange奇怪的。此处是说“在繁忙的医院中，保持平静可能是困难的”，“hard”符合逻辑，强调了治疗犬的作用，故选C。 4．句意：它们警告官员注意行李或邮件中的非法水果、蔬菜和其他食品。 advise建议；free使免于；rob抢劫；warn警告。根据“officers of illegal fruits, vegetables, and other foods in luggage or in mail.”可知，比格犬通过嗅觉“警告”官员非法物品的存在，“warn”与工作职责匹配，故选D。 5．句意：当一些狗在努力工作时，其他的狗可以自由地休息和玩耍。 Unless除非；Because因为；Since因为；While当……时。根据“some dogs are working hard, others are free to spend their days resting and playing. ”可知，此处表示对比，“一些狗在努力工作，而另一些则自由玩耍”，“While”引导对比关系，故选D。 6．句意：它们的主人给它们最好的，并享受这样做。 enjoy享受；mind介意；practice练习；suggest建议。根据“Their owners give them the best, and…doing so.”可知，主人给予狗狗最好的生活，并“享受”这样做，“enjoy”符合逻辑。故选A。 五、短文填空 Passage 4 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空（根据意思必要时可加情态动词can等或助动词）。 1 (welcome) to my grandparents’ yard (院子). Let me 2 (show) you around it. It is big and beautiful. My grandma 3 (like) gardening. There 4 (be) many kinds of plants in the yard. On the right of the yard, you 5 (see) two small gardens. Some beautiful flowers and vegetable plants are in them. What 6 (be) these? Oh, they are tomato plants and carrot plants. My grandparents 7 (look) after (照顾) them very well. When they get fresh (新鲜的) vegetables, they share (分享) them with us. On the left (左边) of the yard, there are two apple trees. Behind their house there are some big trees. In their yard, they also have some animals. You can 8 (see) some ducks, baby chickens, a goose and some cute rabbits. Eight rabbits are white and four are black. Here 9 (be) their dog. His name is Bruce. He is smart and lovely. But my grandfather needs 10 (keep) his yard tidy. 【答案】 1．Welcome 2．show 3．likes 4．are 5．can see 6．are 7．look 8．see 9．is 10．to keep 【导语】本文通过描述作者祖父母院子的布局、动植物种类以及农场生活的温馨场景，表达了作者对祖父母农场的喜爱和对祖父母生活的赞美。 【详解】1．句意：欢迎来到我祖父母的院子。这是一个祈使句，表达欢迎的意思，要用动词原形开头，welcome“欢迎”，句首首字母大写。故填Welcome。 2．句意：让我带你四处看看。let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，所以此处用动词原形show“展示，带领”。故填show。 3．句意：我奶奶喜欢园艺。根据语境可知，句子是一般现在时，主语“My grandma”是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词like“喜欢”要用第三人称单数形式likes。故填likes。 4．句意：院子里有很多种植物。there be句型表示“有”，be动词的形式要根据后面的主语来确定，主语“many kinds of plants”是复数，且句子是一般现在时，所以be动词用are。故填are。 5．句意：在院子的右边，你可以看到两个小花园。根据语境可知，这里可以表达能够看到，用情态动词can加动词原形can see。故填can see。 6．句意：这些是什么？根据语境可知，句子是一般现在时，主语“these”是复数，所以be动词用are。故填are。 7．句意：我祖父母把它们照顾得很好。根据“they are”可知，句子是一般现在时，主语“My grandparents”是复数，所以谓语动词look“看，照顾”用原形。故填look。 8．句意：你可以看到一些鸭子、小鸡、一只鹅和一些可爱的兔子。情态动词can后接动词原形，所以此处用see“看到”的原形。故填see。 9．句意：这是他们的狗。这是一个here引导的倒装句，主语“their dog”是单数，且句子是一般现在时，所以be动词用is。故填is。 10．句意：但是我爷爷需要保持他的院子整洁。need to do sth“需要做某事”，所以此处用keep“保持”的不定式to keep。故填to keep。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，必要时可添加助动词。 Hello, everyone! Look at this group of penguins in the first picture. They come from Harbin Polarland (哈尔滨极地公园). Every winter, the park 1 (have) a penguin parade (游行). People from all over China come to see these lovely and 2 (friend) animals. There are 100 penguins in the parade team. They line up (排队) 3 little children on a walk. Among them, there is a penguin named Taotao. Many people like him and want to take photos with him. Do you know why? That’s because Taotao always wears 4 orange and white schoolbag and he looks quite cute in it. During the parade, a worker often says, “Don’t get too close to the penguins. Please don’t touch (摸) them!” Most people follow these 5 (rule). 6 some people still try to touch them. This makes the penguins afraid. Also, this is 7 (danger) because the penguins may bite (咬人). So, it’s important 8 (respect) animals. They bring lots of fun to us and they need 9 (we) care. Remember, being kind to animals 10 (make) the visit fun for everyone! 【答案】 1．has 2．friendly 3．like 4．an 5．rules 6．But 7．dangerous 8．to respect 9．our 10．makes 【导语】本文介绍哈尔滨极地公园冬季的企鹅游行活动，讲述企鹅淘淘的可爱之处，同时提醒游客遵守参观规则、尊重爱护动物。 【详解】1．句意：每年冬天，这家公园都会举办企鹅游行。主语the park是单数，every winter为一般现在时标志，have使用第三人称单数形式has。 2．句意：来自全国各地的人们前来观赏这些可爱又友善的动物。并列形容词修饰名词animals，friend的形容词形式friendly，意为友善的。 3．句意：它们像小孩子散步一样排着队。此处介词like表示“像……一样”。 4．句意：那是因为淘淘总是背着一个橙白相间的书包，看起来十分可爱。orange是以元音音素开头的单词，单数名词前用不定冠词an。 5．句意：大多数人都会遵守这些规定。these后接可数名词复数，rule的复数形式rules。 6．句意：但仍有一些人试图触碰它们。前文说多数人遵守规则，后文表示转折，用连词But，句首首字母大写。 7．句意：而且这很危险，因为企鹅可能会咬人。系动词is后接形容词作表语，danger的形容词形式dangerous。 8．句意：所以尊重动物是很重要的。固定句型it’s important to do sth.，意为“做某事很重要”，填to respect。 9．句意：它们给我们带来许多欢乐，也需要我们的呵护。修饰名词care用形容词性物主代词our。 10．句意：记住，善待动物会让所有人的游玩充满乐趣。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数makes。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 There is something exciting at a school in Jiangsu. Eight squirrels 1 (be) in the school garden. During break time, the children have a new 2 (choose). They can run outside to watch these cute animals 3 of staying in the classroom. The school gives each class an interesting job. The students need to take turns (轮流) to look after the squirrels for one month. During this month, they need to feed the squirrels and learn about their living 4 (habit). It’s fun for the students 5 (get) so close to their “new friends.” A fourth-grade student shows a page from 6 (she) “Squirrel Diary (日记)” with funny pictures. “The squirrels are 7 (play) and friendly,” she writes. They like to eat nuts and they run very fast. She likes watching them 8 (quiet) during break time. A teacher says that these squirrels help with a big problem at the school. “We often tell students 9 (look) far away during breaks to rest their eyes, but they just don’t listen,” the teacher says. “Now, they go outside happily to watch the squirrels and it’s a great change!” The squirrels bring so much fun to school life. When the students take care of the squirrels, they can also 10 (learn) how to love and protect nature. 【答案】 1．are 2．choice 3．instead 4．habits 5．to get 6．her 7．playful 8．quietly 9．to look 10．learn 【导语】本文主要讲述了江苏一所小学的校园花园里来了八只松鼠，学校安排学生轮流照顾这些可爱的小动物，这不仅让课间活动更加丰富有趣、缓解了用眼疲劳，也让同学们学会了如何关爱和保护自然。 【详解】1．句意：校园花园里有八只松鼠。本句描述的是当前校园里客观存在的状况，需使用一般现在时。主语“Eight squirrels”为复数形式，be动词应用are。 2．句意：课间休息时，孩子们多了一个新选择。不定冠词“a”和形容词“new”后应接可数名词单数作动词have的宾语。动词choose的名词形式为choice，意为“选择”。 3．句意：他们可以跑到外面看这些可爱的小动物，而不是待在教室里。固定短语“instead of”意为“而不是/代替”，表示在课间跑到室外去观察小动物，代替了以往一直待在教室里的习惯。 4．句意：这一个月里，他们要给松鼠喂食，了解它们的生活习性。固定短语“living habits”意为“生活习性”。由于习性往往不止一个，且修饰的是一群松鼠，名词habit应用复数形式habits。 5．句意：能近距离接触这些 “新朋友”，对学生们来说十分有趣。固定句式“It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后置的动词不定式。 6．句意：一名四年级学生展示了她带有趣味插图的《松鼠日记》中的一页。空后“Squirrel Diary”为名词短语，其前需用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰。she对应的形容词性物主代词为her。 7．句意：她写道：“这些松鼠活泼又温顺。”空处在句中作系动词are的表语，且通过并列连词and与形容词friendly相连，此处也需填入形容词。动词play的形容词形式为playful，意为“爱玩的/活泼的”。 8．句意：她喜欢在课间安静地看着它们。空处在句中作状语，修饰动词“watching”，应使用副词形式。形容词quiet的副词形式为quietly，意为“安静地”。 9．句意：老师说：“我们常常叮嘱学生课间远眺放松眼睛，但他们根本不听。”固定搭配“tell sb. to do sth.”意为“告诉某人做某事”，其后接动词不定式。 10．句意：学生在照料松鼠的同时，也能学会热爱、保护大自然。情态动词can后必须接动词原形作谓语，故此处保留动词原形。 六、选词填空 Passage 7 Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once. (将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格，每个单词只能填一次) A．remember     B．balance     C． take care of     D．care about     E. feeds        F. warnings Many animals have special ways to 1 their young. For example, some birds build nests in high trees so that it’s difficult for other animals to find them, which helps protect the eggs or chicks from rain and predators (捕食性动物). The mother bird stays with the babies, and 2 them until they are strong enough to fly. In the wild, animals also give 3 to each other. For example, when a lion sees a dangerous animal, it makes a loud noise to warn the others. This helps them run away quickly. Many animals have a strong natural behavior to protect themselves and their families. We should also 4 that animals play an important role in nature. They help keep the 5 of the natural world. It is important for humans to protect them and the places where they live. By learning about animals, we can understand how to care for them and protect the environment. 【答案】 1．C 2．E 3．F 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了许多动物有特殊的方式来照顾幼崽，在野外动物会互相警告，同时强调动物在自然界中扮演重要角色，人类应保护它们及其栖息地。 1．句意：许多动物有特殊的方式来照顾它们的幼崽。根据后文“For example, some birds build nests in high trees so that it's difficult for other animals to find them, which helps protect the eggs or chicks from rain and predators (捕食性动物).”可知，这里说的是动物照顾幼崽的方式，“take care of”意思是“照顾”，符合语境，故选C。 2．句意：鸟妈妈和幼鸟待在一起，喂养它们直到它们足够强壮能飞。根据前文“The mother bird stays with the babies”以及后文“until they are strong enough to fly”可知，这里说的是鸟妈妈对幼鸟的行为，“feeds”意思是“喂养”，动词三单形式，符合语境，故选F。 3．句意：在野外，动物们也会互相发出警告。根据后文“For example, when a lion sees a dangerous animal, it makes a loud noise to warn the others.”可知，这里说的是动物互相发出警告，“warnings”是“warning”的复数形式，意思是“警告”，符合语境，故选F。 4．句意：我们也应该记住动物在自然界中扮演着重要的角色。根据后文“that animals play an important role in nature”可知，这里说的是要记住动物的重要作用，“remember”意思是“记住”，符合语境，故选A。 5．句意：它们有助于保持自然世界的平衡。根据前文“Many animals have a strong natural behavior to protect themselves and their families.”以及后文“It is important for humans to protect them and the places where they live.”可知，这里说的是动物对保持自然世界平衡的作用，“balance”意思是“平衡”，符合语境，故选B。 Passage 8 Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once. A．reason    B．life        C． moving    D．friendly      E. leaving     F. live Raccoon dogs (貉) usually live in the wild, but these days some of them are 1 into the big city of Shanghai and becoming the local people’s new neighbours. One big 2 for the moving is that the great city is becoming greener—there are more and more plants and pools in the neighbourhoods. And raccoon dogs just like to 3 near bushes and water. They can also get some tasty food when they meet their kind and 4 human neighbours. Their 5 in the city is easy, safe and relaxing. 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．F 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述貉通常生活在野外，但是近年来，一些貉也迁徙到上海，且它们在城市中的生活简单、安全并且放松。 【详解】1．句意：貉通常生活在野外，但现在它们中的一些正在搬到大城市上海，成为当地人的新邻居。根据下文“One big…for the moving”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指搬到大城市上海，C项符合。故填C。 2．句意：搬迁的一个重要原因是，这座伟大的城市正在变得更加绿色——社区里有越来越多的植物和池塘。根据“the great city is becoming greener—there are more and more plants and pools in the neighbourhoods”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指貉搬到大城市上海的原因，reason“原因”符合。故填A。 3．句意：貉喜欢住在灌木丛和水边。根据“And raccoon dogs just like to…near bushes and water.”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指貉喜欢住在灌木丛和水边，live“住”符合。故填F。 4．句意：当它们遇到善良友好的人类邻居时，它们也可以得到一些美味的食物。根据空前的“kind and”并结合备选词汇可知，此处应用形容词形式，friendly“友好的”符合。故填D。 5．句意：它们在城市的生活是轻松、安全和放松的。根据“Their …in the city is easy, safe and relaxing.”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指貉在大城市里的生活，life“生活”符合。故填B。 Passage 9 Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once. (将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。注意有一个多余选项。) A．spots   B．powerful   C． only   D．sports   E. smell   F. balance I am one of the most loved little animals on the Earth. I am very gentle and quiet. I can be found 1 in Australia. I live in trees. My young are called joeys. I mostly eat eucalyptus leaves, from which I get most of my water intake. I stay awake at night and sleep for up to 18 hours a day. I am the strongest member of the big cat family. I can carry very heavy prey. I live in grasslands, mountains and forests. My young are called cubs. I am light coloured and have dark 2 on my fur. I can run very fast and leap very far. I spend most of my day resting in the trees or hiding in caves. I eat ungulates and monkeys. I am the world’s largest land animal. I have large ears and a long trunk. My tusks are made of ivory. I use my long trunk to 3 food and lift it up into my mouth. I spend 16 hours a day eating. I like to eat grass, plants and fruits. My young are called calves. I travel in a large group called a herd. I can live to be 70 years old. I can be found in Australia. I live in a small group called a mob. I carry my young in a pouch on my belly. My young are called joeys. I have large feet and 4 hind legs. I have a long, strong tail which helps me keep 5 while jumping. I can jump very high. I like eating grass, herbs and shrubs. 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文介绍了四种动物的特征和生活习性。 1．句意：我只能在澳大利亚被找到。根据“I can be found...in Australia.”和备选词可知，此处强调树袋熊“仅”在澳大利亚被发现，only“只，仅仅”。故选C。 2．句意：我是浅色的，皮毛上有深色的斑点。根据“I am light coloured and have dark...on my fur.”和备选词可知，豹的皮毛上有深色的斑点，spots“斑点”。故选A。 3．句意：我用我的长鼻子闻食物，然后把它举到嘴里。根据“I use my long trunk to...food and lift it up into my mouth.”和备选词可知，用鼻子闻食物，smell“闻”。故选E。 4．句意：我有大大的脚和强健的后腿。根据“I have large feet and...hind legs.”和备选词可知，袋鼠有强健的后腿，powerful“强健的，有力的”。故选B。 5．句意：我有一条又长又结实的尾巴，有助于我在跳跃时保持平衡。根据“I have a long, strong tail which helps me keep...while jumping.”和备选词可知，袋鼠的尾巴有助于它在跳跃时保持平衡，keep balance“保持平衡”。故选F。 5 / 17乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 5 Animals and us （新教材沪教版五四学制） （由why、where、when、how引导的特殊疑问句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 本单元学习 why、where、when、how 引导的特殊疑问句。why 询问原因，where 询问地点，when 询问时间，how 询问方式或程度。这类问句由疑问词开头后接一般疑问句语序，回答须与疑问词对应。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、why 与 where 引导 why 问原因 why 提问原因，常用 because 回答。 Why do you like spring? Because it is warm. where 问地点 where 提问地点或方位。 Where is your book? It is on the desk. 二、when 引导 when 问时间 when 用来对时间点或日期提问。 When does the meeting start? At three. what time 问时刻 what time 询问具体钟点。 What time do you go to bed? At ten. 三、how 引导 how 问方式 how 提问动作的方式。 How do you go to school? By bike. how 配程度/数量 how much 问价格，how long 问时长。 How much is the sweater? Fifty yuan. 使用注意事项 1. 特殊疑问句一律用“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”语序，疑问词后要再加 do/does/did 等。 2. why 提问须用 because 回答；where/when/how 的回答要对应地点、时间、方式。 3. how 常与 much、long、far、often 等连用，含义随搭配变化，需整体记忆。 一、单项选择 1．—________ is the book? —It's on the desk. A．What B．When C．How D．Where 2．—________ do you like spring? —Because it's warm. A．What B．Why C．How D．When 3．—________ will the meeting start? —At three o'clock. A．When B．What C．Where D．How 4．—________ do you go to school? —By bike. A．What B．Where C．How D．When 5．—________ are you from? —I'm from Shanghai. A．What B．Where C．When D．Who 6．—________ is your new bike? —Three hundred yuan. A．How many B．What C．How D．How much 7．—________ does it take to get there? —About an hour. A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often 8．—________ is it from here to the park? —Two kilometres. A．How long B．How much C．How far D．How 9．—________ do we get to the museum? —Let's take a bus. A．How B．What C．Where D．When 10．—________ are you late? —Because the bus broke down. A．What B．Why C．When D．Where 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给词的适当形式填空 1．________ (who) book is this? —It's Tom's. 2．These ________ (photo) of the trip are very beautiful. 3．She ________ (do) her homework after school every day. 4．________ (they) favourite animals are pandas. 5．He is ________ (real) a good boy and we all like him. 6．The boy ________ (run) fast in the race. 7．________ (that) girls over there are my classmates. 8．It is ________ (possible) to finish so much work, so we need help. 9．My mother ________ (go) to work by subway. 10．The children ________ (be) very happy at the party. 三、按要求完成句子 1．你来自哪里？ ________ are you ________? 2．你为什么喜欢熊猫？ ________ do you like ________? 3．他通常什么时候睡觉？ ________ ________ does he usually go to bed? 4．我们怎么去公园？ ________ do we ________ to the park? 5．那件毛衣多少钱？ ________ ________ is that sweater? 6．Her aunt lives near the river.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ her aunt live? 7．He loves the dog because it is cute.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ he love the dog? 8．Lily enjoyed the party very much yesterday.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ Lily ________ the party yesterday? 9．The train leaves at eight in the morning.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ does the train leave? 10．The boy looks happy today.（对划线部分提问） ________ does the boy ________? 四、完形填空 Passage 1 根据文章内容在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文). Is It OK to Post Pet Videos Online? There are hundreds of thousands of animal videos on the Internet that are watched by millions of people every day. However, some people think it’s cruel① for people to post videos of pets. Students in Rose Garden School have a debate② and here are their opinions. Yes—pets are cute, funny and can be good for us. Watching pet videos can help people relax and feel happy in the 1 way as being with an animal. This is really good for people who can’t have their own pet. Some studies show these videos may make more people want to get a pet. Some vets say it is OK to take videos of pets playing or doing easy tricks③. Why shouldn’t pet owners 2 their animals and have fun making videos with them? 3 a pet video gets lots of views, the owner can also earn money, which would be better for both the owner and the pet. No—pets are not just for making people happy. Making pets do tricks is unfair because they cannot say no. To make videos attractive④, people may ask pets to do 4 things. This can be scary or even hurt the pet. 5 , a cat may jump high when it sees a cucumber because it thinks it is a snake. That is not funny—it is afraid. Posting pet videos just to get likes is not kind. It is 6 making animals perform in a circus. ①cruel adj. 残忍的  ②debate n. 辩论  ③trick n. 戏法  ④attractive adj. 有吸引力的 1．A．same B．different     C．important D．useful 2．A．see B．show C．watch D．help 3．A．But B．So C．When D．Even 4．A．dangerous B．simple C．easy D．interesting 5．A．However B．Such as C．In this way D．For example 6．A．as B．like C．for D．about Passage 2 根据短文内容，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many people think that animals are just animals. But scientists have found that animals can show feelings just like humans. They can be happy, sad, scared, or even 1 . Take dogs for example. When you come home, your dog may wag its tail and jump around. This shows that it is 2 to see you. When you are sad, your dog may come and sit beside you. It seems to 3 that you need comfort. Cows are also very 4 animals. They have best friends on the farm. When a cow is separated from its friend, it may become stressed and eat 5 . Farmers have noticed that cows produce more milk when they are with their friends. Even chickens can show feelings. They can recognise the faces of about 100 other chickens. They also have a 6 system. When a chicken sees danger, it makes a special sound to warn the others. All these examples show us that animals are much more complex than we think. We should treat them with kindness and respect. 1．A．angry B．sweet C．smooth D．easy 2．A．sad B．happy C．tired D．right 3．A．forget B．understand C．shout D．remember 4．A．wild B．lonely C．social D．local 5．A．more B．less C．better D．redder 6．A．warning B．eating C．sleeping D．promising Passage 3 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Dogs and Humans About 14,000 years ago, human beings and dogs began a partnership that has lasted through the years. Our interactions (互动) may have begun when wolves came 1 to our homes, attracted by the smell of human garbage, or when humans found wolf puppies and trained them to be loving pets. Today, through the careful selection of dog parents, humans have created many different types of dogs. Each type has its own look and talents, and its own 2 within human society. Here are three examples of “a dog’s life” in the human world. The Animal Carer Today, many hospitals let specially trained dogs in to bring love and cheer to patients. Shaynee the wheaten terrier (小猎犬) is a therapy (治疗) dog. She visits children who are fighting deadly diseases. Dogs like Shaynee help patients feel calm and at peace, which can be 3 in a busy hospital. They help both children and adults stay strong during long hospital stays, and, some suggest, even help them get better. The Working Dog Today, some beagles (小猎犬) work in airports for the government. They are part of a program called the Beagle Brigade. A beagle is good for this type of work because of its powerful nose, and ability to track smells. The Beagle Brigade’s job is to smell everything that comes into the country. They 4 officers of illegal fruits, vegetables, and other foods in luggage or in mail. The beagles do the job far better than any human could. Some of the dogs are donated by private owners; others were rescued from animal shelter. The Household Pet 5 some dogs are working hard, others are free to spend their days resting and playing. Across the world, many pet dogs are treated like children. Many have their own rooms and all the things a dog want. Some even have their own clothes. Many of these pets spend their days playing, learning to be obedient (顺从的), or even going to yoga classes. Their owners give them the best, and 6 doing so. 1．A．back B．close C．down D．out 2．A．habit B．method C．role D．style 3．A．attractive B．common C．hard D．strange 4．A．advise B．free C．rob D．warn 5．A．Unless B．Because C．Since D．While 6．A．enjoy B．mind C．practice D．suggest 五、短文填空 Passage 4 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空（根据意思必要时可加情态动词can等或助动词）。 1 (welcome) to my grandparents’ yard (院子). Let me 2 (show) you around it. It is big and beautiful. My grandma 3 (like) gardening. There 4 (be) many kinds of plants in the yard. On the right of the yard, you 5 (see) two small gardens. Some beautiful flowers and vegetable plants are in them. What 6 (be) these? Oh, they are tomato plants and carrot plants. My grandparents 7 (look) after (照顾) them very well. When they get fresh (新鲜的) vegetables, they share (分享) them with us. On the left (左边) of the yard, there are two apple trees. Behind their house there are some big trees. In their yard, they also have some animals. You can 8 (see) some ducks, baby chickens, a goose and some cute rabbits. Eight rabbits are white and four are black. Here 9 (be) their dog. His name is Bruce. He is smart and lovely. But my grandfather needs 10 (keep) his yard tidy. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，必要时可添加助动词。 Hello, everyone! Look at this group of penguins in the first picture. They come from Harbin Polarland (哈尔滨极地公园). Every winter, the park 1 (have) a penguin parade (游行). People from all over China come to see these lovely and 2 (friend) animals. There are 100 penguins in the parade team. They line up (排队) 3 little children on a walk. Among them, there is a penguin named Taotao. Many people like him and want to take photos with him. Do you know why? That’s because Taotao always wears 4 orange and white schoolbag and he looks quite cute in it. During the parade, a worker often says, “Don’t get too close to the penguins. Please don’t touch (摸) them!” Most people follow these 5 (rule). 6 some people still try to touch them. This makes the penguins afraid. Also, this is 7 (danger) because the penguins may bite (咬人). So, it’s important 8 (respect) animals. They bring lots of fun to us and they need 9 (we) care. Remember, being kind to animals 10 (make) the visit fun for everyone! Passage 6 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 There is something exciting at a school in Jiangsu. Eight squirrels 1 (be) in the school garden. During break time, the children have a new 2 (choose). They can run outside to watch these cute animals 3 of staying in the classroom. The school gives each class an interesting job. The students need to take turns (轮流) to look after the squirrels for one month. During this month, they need to feed the squirrels and learn about their living 4 (habit). It’s fun for the students 5 (get) so close to their “new friends.” A fourth-grade student shows a page from 6 (she) “Squirrel Diary (日记)” with funny pictures. “The squirrels are 7 (play) and friendly,” she writes. They like to eat nuts and they run very fast. She likes watching them 8 (quiet) during break time. A teacher says that these squirrels help with a big problem at the school. “We often tell students 9 (look) far away during breaks to rest their eyes, but they just don’t listen,” the teacher says. “Now, they go outside happily to watch the squirrels and it’s a great change!” The squirrels bring so much fun to school life. When the students take care of the squirrels, they can also 10 (learn) how to love and protect nature. 六、选词填空 Passage 7 Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once. (将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格，每个单词只能填一次) A．remember     B．balance     C． take care of     D．care about     E. feeds        F. warnings Many animals have special ways to 1 their young. For example, some birds build nests in high trees so that it’s difficult for other animals to find them, which helps protect the eggs or chicks from rain and predators (捕食性动物). The mother bird stays with the babies, and 2 them until they are strong enough to fly. In the wild, animals also give 3 to each other. For example, when a lion sees a dangerous animal, it makes a loud noise to warn the others. This helps them run away quickly. Many animals have a strong natural behavior to protect themselves and their families. We should also 4 that animals play an important role in nature. They help keep the 5 of the natural world. It is important for humans to protect them and the places where they live. By learning about animals, we can understand how to care for them and protect the environment. Passage 8 Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once. A．reason    B．life        C． moving    D．friendly      E. leaving     F. live Raccoon dogs (貉) usually live in the wild, but these days some of them are 1 into the big city of Shanghai and becoming the local people’s new neighbours. One big 2 for the moving is that the great city is becoming greener—there are more and more plants and pools in the neighbourhoods. And raccoon dogs just like to 3 near bushes and water. They can also get some tasty food when they meet their kind and 4 human neighbours. Their 5 in the city is easy, safe and relaxing. Passage 9 Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once. (将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。注意有一个多余选项。) A．spots   B．powerful   C． only   D．sports   E. smell   F. balance I am one of the most loved little animals on the Earth. I am very gentle and quiet. I can be found 1 in Australia. I live in trees. My young are called joeys. I mostly eat eucalyptus leaves, from which I get most of my water intake. I stay awake at night and sleep for up to 18 hours a day. I am the strongest member of the big cat family. I can carry very heavy prey. I live in grasslands, mountains and forests. My young are called cubs. I am light coloured and have dark 2 on my fur. I can run very fast and leap very far. I spend most of my day resting in the trees or hiding in caves. I eat ungulates and monkeys. I am the world’s largest land animal. I have large ears and a long trunk. My tusks are made of ivory. I use my long trunk to 3 food and lift it up into my mouth. I spend 16 hours a day eating. I like to eat grass, plants and fruits. My young are called calves. I travel in a large group called a herd. I can live to be 70 years old. I can be found in Australia. I live in a small group called a mob. I carry my young in a pouch on my belly. My young are called joeys. I have large feet and 4 hind legs. I have a long, strong tail which helps me keep 5 while jumping. I can jump very high. I like eating grass, herbs and shrubs. 3 / 9乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $