Unit4 Hands-on fun语法讲义-2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦祈使句与should/had better提建议核心语法点，系统梳理祈使句的定义、基本结构（Do型、Be型、否定式、Let型）、礼貌表达及答语，衔接should与had better的用法及语气差异，通过易错点提醒与小检测构建从基础理解到应用巩固的学习支架。 资料以正误对比（如祈使句否定式“Don't+动词原形”与错误用法对比）强化思维品质，设计选择、填空等多样化检测题提升语言能力，结构清晰且实例贴近DIY主题，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后助力学生自查自纠，弥补知识盲点。

Unit4 Hands-on fun语法讲义-2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册 本单元语法专题：祈使句（Imperative sentences）与 should / had better 提建议。 第一部分 祈使句 一、什么是祈使句 祈使句用来发出命令、提出要求、给出指示或建议，主语 you 通常省略，句末用句号或感叹号。 二、祈使句的基本结构 1. 肯定式：动词原形开头（Do 型）。 例：Look for the chalk mark on the top of each piece. 找一找每块木条顶端的粉笔标记。 例：Make sure pieces of the same size are in the same group. 确保同样大小的木块归在同一组。 2. Be 型：Be + 形容词/名词。 例：Be careful when you use scissors. 使用剪刀时要小心。 例：Be patient! Sometimes it takes time to do a DIY job. 耐心点！做 DIY 有时很花时间。 3. 否定式：Don't + 动词原形；Be 型否定为 Don't be + 形容词。 例：Don't mix them up. 不要把它们弄混。 例：Don't begin your work without reading the instructions. 不要不看说明书就开工。 例：Please don't give up. 请不要放弃。 4. Let 型：Let's + 动词原形，表示“让我们一起……”，用于建议共同参与。 例：Let's put the pieces of wood together. 我们把木块组装起来吧。 否定式：Let's not waste time. 我们别浪费时间了。 三、让语气更礼貌 句首或句末加 please（句末时前面加逗号）：Please hand the tools to me. / Hand the tools to me, please. 请把工具递给我。 四、祈使句的常见答语 表示同意：OK. / All right. / Sure. / No problem. 表示拒绝：Sorry, I can't. / I'm afraid not. 第二部分 should 与 had better 一、should 的用法 should 意为“应该”，用来提建议或说明什么是正确的做法，后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。 例：You should mix the paint well. 你应该把油漆调匀。 例：You shouldn't go too fast, Suzy. 苏西，你不应该太快。 例：You should read the instructions slowly and carefully. 你应该缓慢、仔细地读说明书。 二、had better 的用法 had better 意为“最好”，用来提建议，语气比 should 更强，后接动词原形；'d better 是 had better 的缩写形式。 例：We'd better clean the bird box first. 我们最好先清洁鸟箱。 例：You'd better have a shelf for them. 你最好给它们配一个书架。 否定式：had better not + 动词原形。 例：You'd better not get too much paint on the brush. 你最好不要在刷子上蘸太多油漆。 例：You'd better not play with scissors when you do DIY jobs. 你做 DIY 时最好不要拿着剪刀玩。 三、should 与 had better 的比较 两者都表示建议；had better 的语气比 should 更强，含有“不这样做可能会有不好后果”的意味。否定式分别是 shouldn't do 和 had better not do，注意 not 的位置不同。 第三部分 易错点提醒 1. 祈使句以动词原形开头，不能加 to 或 -ing：✗ To close the door. ✓ Close the door. 2. 祈使句否定式是 Don't + 动词原形，不是 doesn't 或 not 开头：✗ Doesn't open the window. ✓ Don't open the window. 3. had better 后接动词原形，不能加 to：✗ You'd better to go now. ✓ You'd better go now. 4. had better 的否定是 had better not do，not 放在动词前：✗ You'd better don't be late. ✓ You'd better not be late. 5. should 后接动词原形：✗ You should reading it. ✓ You should read it. 6. Let's 后接动词原形：✗ Let's to make a card. ✓ Let's make a card. 7. Let 型否定为 Let's not do sth.：✗ Let's don't go. ✓ Let's not go. 第四部分 小检测（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 一、单项选择（5小题） 1. —________ the chalk mark on each piece first. —OK, I see. A. Look for B. Looking for C. Looks for D. To look for 2. ________ mix the paints up, or you can't tell the colours. A. Not B. Don't C. Doesn't D. No 3. You look tired. You ________ have a rest. A. would better B. had better to C. had better D. should to 4. It's going to rain. You'd better ________ an umbrella with you. A. take B. to take C. taking D. took 5. —Let's make a paper lantern together. —________ A. Good idea! B. Never mind. C. That's all right. D. Thank you. 二、根据汉语提示完成句子（5小题） 6. ________ ________ ________ (不要害怕) to make mistakes when you do DIY. 7. You ________ ________ (最好) wear old clothes when you paint the wall. 8. ________ ________ (别碰) the wet paint! It's not dry yet. 9. We ________ ________ (应该) keep our tools clean after work. 10. ________ ________ (让我们) clean up the room together after the DIY job. 小检测参考答案 一、1—5 A B C A A 二、6. Don't be afraid 7. had better 8. Don't touch 9. should keep 10. Let's clean 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $