Unit 6 Seasons动词的种类及基本句型（SV、SVO、SVP）（核心语法精练）-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】英语八年级上册（译林版）

该初中英语单元复习学案以“动词的种类及基本句型（SV、SVO、SVP）”为核心，围绕实义动词、连系动词等四类动词及主谓一致，设计“核心语法回顾—专项能力突破—解题综合提升”的递进式学习路径，通过表格梳理语法规则与例句，结合思维导图构建完整知识框架，引导学生系统掌握单元语法要点。 亮点在于结合“Seasons”主题设计多样化语篇任务，如完形填空分析俄罗斯季节特征、短文填空描述各国秋季活动，在语境中强化句型应用，培养语言能力与思维品质。提供单选、语法填空等分层练习，每模块设使用注意事项，为学生深度学习提供支架，也为教师实施单元复习提供清晰教学指引。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 6 Seasons （新教材译林版） （动词的种类及基本句型（SV、SVO、SVP）） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 本单元学习动词的种类与三种基本句型：动词分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词；基本句型包括 SV（主语+不及物谓语）、SVO（主语+谓语+宾语）与 SVP（主语+系动词+表语），并掌握主谓一致的变化。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、动词的种类与用法 实义动词与连系动词 实义动词表动作；连系动词（be、look、sound、taste、smell、feel）后接表语。 The soup tastes nice. 助动词 be/do/have 助动词帮助构成时态、疑问与否定，本身无词义。 Does he like it? / is reading 情态动词 can/must/should 情态动词后接动词原形，表能力、必要或建议。 can swim；must go；should try 动词第三人称单数 主语为第三人称单数时，实义动词一般现在时加 -s/-es。 he walks；she watches 二、三种基本句型 SV 主谓（不及物） 主语 + 不及物动词谓语，后面不接宾语。 Birds fly. SVO 主谓宾 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语，宾语为动作承受者。 We read books. SVP 主系表 主语 + 连系动词 + 表语，说明主语身份、状态或特征。 She is happy. 主谓一致 谓语单复数须与主语一致；the number of 后用单数，a number of 后用复数。 The number of students is... 使用注意事项 1. 动词分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词；连系动词后接表语构成 SVP。 2. 常见连系动词：be、look、sound、taste、smell、feel、become、get、turn。 3. 情态动词（can、must、should、may 等）后接动词原形，表能力、必要或建议。 4. 助动词 be/do/have 帮助构成时态、疑问句与否定句，本身无实义。 5. 三种基本句型：SV（不及物）、SVO（及物+宾语）、SVP（系动词+表语）。 6. 主谓一致：the number of + 复数名词作主语时谓语用单数；a number of 后用复数。 一、单项选择 1．—________ your brother a member of the school band? —Yes, he ________. A．Does; does B．Are; are C．Do; do D．Is; is 2．—Must I finish the reading report today? —No, you ________. You may hand it in tomorrow. A．mustn't B．needn't C．can't D．shouldn't 3．The tomato soup ________ delicious and the bread ________ fresh from the oven. A．tastes; smells B．sounds; looks C．looks; tastes D．smells; sounds 4．Reading comics in class ________ bad for your study habits. A．are B．were C．is D．was 5．________ we go for a walk by the lake after dinner? —Good idea. The air is nice. A．Will B．Shall C．Do D．Are 6．You'd better ________ your screen time to protect your eyes. A．to cut B．cutting C．cuts D．cut 7．Let's ________ the windows and let in some fresh spring air. A．open B．to open C．opening D．opened 8．The number of students in our school ________ about two thousand this year. A．are B．were C．is D．be 9．He ________ a maths teacher and his sister ________ a nurse in the hospital. A．is; is B．are; are C．is; are D．are; is 10．—Could you help me carry the heavy box upstairs? —Sure, I ________. A．could B．can C．must D．need 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给词的适当形式填空 1．You'd better ________ (take) an umbrella because it may rain this afternoon. 2．Nothing can make him ________ (change) his mind once he decides. 3．—Must I ________ (clean) the classroom right now? —No, you needn't. 4．Why ________ (be) your sister so happy after the school trip? 5．The teacher will ________ (suggest) we read more classic stories. 6．Let's ________ (go) for a walk along the river after school. 7．Neither the cat nor the dog ________ (be) at home when we returned. 8．I can ________ (speak) a little French after the exchange visit. 9．You should not ________ (throw) litter on the ground in the park. 10．My dream ________ (be) to travel around the country by train one day. 三、按要求完成句子 1．他一定很累，因为已经工作了一整天。 He must be ________ ________ after working for a whole day. 2．熟能生巧，我每天练习来提升自己。 ________ ________ ________, and I practise every day to improve myself. 3．冬天的雪花轻轻飘落，覆盖整个小村庄。 Winter snowflakes ________ ________ and ________ the whole small village. 4．你最好在远足前仔细阅读地图。 You ________ ________ read the map carefully before you go hiking. 5．每个人都能为让班级更温暖出一份力。 Everyone can ________ ________ ________ in making our class warmer. 6．The little cat sleeps on the sofa.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the little cat sleep? 7．I think honesty makes a true friend.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ you think makes a true friend? 8．Could you pass me the salt?（改为同义句） Could you ________ the salt ________ me? 9．We should be kind to our neighbours.（改为否定句） We ________ ________ kind to our neighbours. 10．She has a lovely cat.（改为一般疑问句） ________ she ________ a lovely cat? 四、完形填空 Passage 1 根据文章内容在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you ever moved house before? How did you adjust to (适应) life in a new place? Recently, scientists 1 some Burrowing Owls (穴栖猫头鹰) settle (安置) into their new homes. Burrowing Owls are small brown long-legged birds. They make homes in underground burrows (洞穴) and prefer to live in groups. In California, there is another kind of owl 2 the Western Burrowing Owl. In the past, these owls lived in the grasslands. Later, people began building cities on many of the grasslands. This drove the owls off their burrows. So some of these birds were unable to 3 new homes. As a result, the number of Western Burrowing Owls in California was 4 than that in 1965. 5 the number kept falling, they would be at risk of dying out. 6 , scientists found out the problem some years ago. They soon began trying to move these owls to some protected grasslands. In order to make the birds 7 more “at home”, scientists played the recording sound of owl calls 8 these areas. They also used white paint to make fake droppings (假粪便) of the owls. This made the birds 9 that other owls were living there. As a result, they 10 their new homes and stayed there. Scientists returned to check on the owls. Most of them seemed to like their new homes. Hope they can enjoy their new lives there! 1．A．bought B．shared C．helped D．pressed 2．A．followed B．called C．arrived D．practiced 3．A．mark B．lead C．remember D．find 4．A．longer B．more C．smaller D．shorter 5．A．If B．So C．But D．Though 6．A．Certainly B．Hardly C．Luckily D．Heavily 7．A．look B．feel C．sound D．taste 8．A．about B．without C．under D．in 9．A．believe B．fill C．catch D．invite 10．A．printed B．accepted C．hit D．hurt Passage 2 根据短文内容，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Russia’s spring starts in March. It gets warm only on May 1st, which is 1 Spring Day here. If you visit in March or April, you can enjoy low 2 prices and events like Women’s Day. May has clearer skies and streets with fewer people, making it a great time for a 3 journey. Summer is from 4 to August. Warm weather brings many tourists, and it’s a better time for a 5 . Trees turn green and flowers 6 , and there are many cultural (文化的) festivals. In Moscow, temperatures often get to 30℃. Sometimes, rain makes it a little cold. During these three months, you can enjoy the 7 Black Sea and Altai Mountains. Autumn is a short season. After a grey end to August, the sun 8 bright in September and October. Forests turn into colours, making the country look amazing. It’s a good time to 9 famous ballet shows. Russia’s winter isn’t very cold. In January, the coldest month, the temperatures usually 10 around -7℃. The beautiful snow is good for winter sports. Russian New Year parties last two weeks, filled with music, dancing, and so on—early January is fun to visit. So, when is the best time to visit Russia? That’s for you to decide! 1．A．called B．taken C．met D．faced 2．A．road B．race C．hotel D．bank 3．A．common B．comfortable C．double D．central 4．A．April B．May C．June D．July 5．A．holiday B．practice C．match D．team 6．A．come in B．come out C．come by D．come true 7．A．awful B．big C．fantastic D．ugly 8．A．sees B．shines C．brings D．relaxes 9．A．watch B．rush C．search D．serve 10．A．agree B．stay C．help D．go Passage 3 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Picture this: The weather is becoming so cool. People are 1 their sweaters or coats instead of summer clothes. But for some people, the changing of the seasons is less enjoyable because it can lead to a(n) 2 drop in energy. Furthermore, many people may wonder why they get more tired in 3 . As Dr. Michael Howell, a sleep expert, says, “The sunlight in the morning helps us 4 , and it also helps keep us awake all day long.” As autumn comes, the days are getting shorter, we’ll probably feel sleepy, weak and so on. Besides, people prefer to eat more comfort food in cold weather. But according to scientific research, these food can 5 people feel sleepy and less energetic. For more energy, we should try to eat fruit and vegetables whenever possible. For some people, one of the best parts in autumn is that they can finally 6 outdoor activities. They can say things like “It looks like it’s about to rain. I guess I’ll have to stay at home and drink hot tea!” But this drop in activity could make them feel much 7 . “Physical activity is helpful for quick thinking,” says Dr. Howell. Changes in sleep can also influence 8 people feel during the day. For some, they might sleep longer, but for others, they might sleep shorter. 9 , the effects on their energy levels are almost the same. Like the 10 of the year, experts advise sleeping for about eight hours a night, and waking up at the same time every day. They think it is a good way to avoid interfering with (干扰) people’s body clocks. 1．A．dressing B．changing C．wearing D．leaving 2．A．cheerful B．lucky C．exciting D．sudden 3．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 4．A．wake up B．put up C．turn up D．tidy up 5．A．help B．make C．cause D．advise 6．A．keep B．stop C．lose D．plan 7．A．happier B．colder C．weaker D．healthier 8．A．how B．why C．when D．where 9．A．Instead B．Moreover C．However D．Otherwise 10．A．part B．rest C．form D．season 五、短文填空 Passage 4 Here comes autumn! It is the 1 season of the year and spring is the first. In China, autumn arrives around September. It is still a little warm, but it gets colder and colder. The days 2 get shorter and shorter. The leaves 3 the trees begin to turn yellow and red. The air is fresh. It’s a great season for kids to play outside. What do children do in autumn in different 4 (country) ? In China, students often have 5 autumn picnic. Usually, they go to an amusement park or out into 6 (natural). For example, kids in Shenzhen like to climb mountains in Nanshan. Most children also like to play games with their classmates, like soccer. Japanese students often go hiking with their parents or classmates 7 the leaves are red and yellow. It is a perfect way to get exercise. Mountain climbing in nice weather is also a good choice (选择) . For most children in the US, 8 (ride) a bike is a good autumn activity. 9 (take) a mountain bike ride and you can find new roads. Playing in leaf piles is popular, too. Kids jump onto a leaf pile. They are happy to see the colorful leaves fly all around . They also make leaf rain. It’s all a lot of 10 (funny). In the UK, school kids love to camp outside with their parents. They make food over the fire. Passage 5 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Do you know Yakutsk (雅库茨克)? It is a special city because of its special weather. The summer in Yakutsk is not hot. It is warm and 1 (suddenly) rain showers are frequent (频繁的). July is the 2 (warm) month of the year, with an average temperature around 20℃. The winter in Yakutsk is very long. It is from early October to late April. It’s very cold during these months and January is the coldest month in Yakutsk. It’s often foggy and 3 (snow). The temperature can fall to -50°C．As a result, Yakutsk is one of the coldest cities in the world. The cold weather 4 (make) local people seldom walk down the street in winter. If they stand outside for a few minutes, their eyelashes (睫毛) 5 (become) white and their faces will get red. Sometimes, when it snows 6 (heavy), long-time walking outside may let people be trapped in thick snow. The outside world is peaceful and silent. Everything is covered in deep white snow. The weather is not nice in Yakutsk during the winter months, but local people never get bored. There are many shopping centres, museums and cafes in the city. Local people like going to these places to spend their free time and enjoy 7 (they) a lot. And skating is the most exciting sport among local people. There is snow and ice everywhere, so people there can skate 8 (easy). Every year, lots of 9 (tour) pay a visit to Yakutsk. If you want to visit it, local people advise you 10 (go) in July. The weather is pleasant and not cold at all then. Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Seasons bring beautiful changes to our world every year. People divide the year 1 four seasons, each having three months. Every season is special, and different people have 2 (they) favourite season. Lin Tong lives in the northeast of China. His favourite season is winter, because winter is 3 (connect) with snow and ice. The average temperature in winter in his hometown is about 15 4 (degree) below zero. The river near his home is always frozen in winter. Lin Tong often 5 (go) skating and has great fun with his friends. It snows a lot there too. There is 6 exciting game for him and his friends—they enjoy 7 (throw) snowballs at each other. Lin Tong’s cousin, Lin Hua, lives in Guangzhou. Her favourite season is spring, because she thinks spring brings new life. The days get 8 (long) than before. The weather gets warmer than before and trees turn green. Everything looks fresh and is full of energy. The warm days in spring are good for 9 (people) health. Lin Hua loves doing sports outside in spring. Jogging and riding a bike, for example, are the activities she can enjoy 10 it’s warm and sunny. Dear friends, what is your favourite season? What do you like doing most during it? 六、选词填空 Passage 7 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每词或短语限用一次。 ice; heavy; harvest; get warmer; blow strongly; wonder; leaf; last; life; come In China, spring returns in March. The weather 1 . Everything comes back to 2 . Trees turn green and flowers come out. It is a 3 season. Summer begins in June. It is very hot. It often rains and sometimes rains 4 . Autumn comes after summer. It is the harvest season, and the farmers are busy 5 . It’s cool and the 6 fall from the trees. The cold weather is 7 . Winter 8 from December to February. It’s a very cold season. We all wear warm clothes. The wind 9 and sometimes there is 10 or snow. Passage 8 阅读短文，从方框中选择单词填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。部分单词需进行词形转换，每词限用一次。 rain snow fog season clear swim wind interesting fly drive There are four 1 in the year—spring, summer, autumn and winter. In spring, it gets warm. Everything begins to grow. Flowers come out and plants turn green. People like going to the park at the weekend. When it’s 2 and fine, children usually have great fun 3 kites in the park. Kites of different shapes look very beautiful in the sky. Summer comes after spring. It’s very hot in summer. Summer is a good season for 4 . Parents should be with their children when they go for a swim, or it may be dangerous to children. It’s often 5 in summer. So people need to take an umbrella with them when it’s cloudy and looks it’s going to rain. It’s very cool in autumn. It’s a season to harvest crops. The sky looks blue and high in this season. It’s usually very sunny in autumn. So it’s a good season for boys to play football if they are 6 in sports. But sometimes, it may be very 7 in the morning, so the 8 should drive very slow and carefully, because they can’t see things 9 .Winter is the coldest season in a year. It’s often 10 in the north. Children like it because they can make a snowman. People in the north enjoy winter sports, like skating and skiing. 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 6 Seasons （新教材译林版） （动词的种类及基本句型（SV、SVO、SVP）） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 本单元学习动词的种类与三种基本句型：动词分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词；基本句型包括 SV（主语+不及物谓语）、SVO（主语+谓语+宾语）与 SVP（主语+系动词+表语），并掌握主谓一致的变化。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、动词的种类与用法 实义动词与连系动词 实义动词表动作；连系动词（be、look、sound、taste、smell、feel）后接表语。 The soup tastes nice. 助动词 be/do/have 助动词帮助构成时态、疑问与否定，本身无词义。 Does he like it? / is reading 情态动词 can/must/should 情态动词后接动词原形，表能力、必要或建议。 can swim；must go；should try 动词第三人称单数 主语为第三人称单数时，实义动词一般现在时加 -s/-es。 he walks；she watches 二、三种基本句型 SV 主谓（不及物） 主语 + 不及物动词谓语，后面不接宾语。 Birds fly. SVO 主谓宾 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语，宾语为动作承受者。 We read books. SVP 主系表 主语 + 连系动词 + 表语，说明主语身份、状态或特征。 She is happy. 主谓一致 谓语单复数须与主语一致；the number of 后用单数，a number of 后用复数。 The number of students is... 使用注意事项 1. 动词分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词；连系动词后接表语构成 SVP。 2. 常见连系动词：be、look、sound、taste、smell、feel、become、get、turn。 3. 情态动词（can、must、should、may 等）后接动词原形，表能力、必要或建议。 4. 助动词 be/do/have 帮助构成时态、疑问句与否定句，本身无实义。 5. 三种基本句型：SV（不及物）、SVO（及物+宾语）、SVP（系动词+表语）。 6. 主谓一致：the number of + 复数名词作主语时谓语用单数；a number of 后用复数。 一、单项选择 1．—________ your brother a member of the school band? —Yes, he ________. A．Does; does B．Are; are C．Do; do D．Is; is 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—你哥哥是学校乐队的成员吗？—是的，他是。主语 brother 为单数，be 动词用 is；肯定回答用 is。故选 D。 2．—Must I finish the reading report today? —No, you ________. You may hand it in tomorrow. A．mustn't B．needn't C．can't D．shouldn't 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—我必须今天完成阅读报告吗？—不，你不必。Must 引导的疑问句否定回答用 needn't。故选 B。 3．The tomato soup ________ delicious and the bread ________ fresh from the oven. A．tastes; smells B．sounds; looks C．looks; tastes D．smells; sounds 【答案】A 【详解】句意：番茄汤尝起来美味，面包闻起来是刚出炉的新鲜味。taste 尝起来、smell 闻起来，均为连系动词。故选 A。 4．Reading comics in class ________ bad for your study habits. A．are B．were C．is D．was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上课看漫画对你的学习习惯有害。动名词短语作主语视为单数，谓语用 is。故选 C。 5．________ we go for a walk by the lake after dinner? —Good idea. The air is nice. A．Will B．Shall C．Do D．Are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—晚饭后我们去湖边散步好吗？—好主意。Shall we... 用于提出建议。故选 B。 6．You'd better ________ your screen time to protect your eyes. A．to cut B．cutting C．cuts D．cut 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你最好减少屏幕时间以保护眼睛。had better 后接动词原形 cut。故选 D。 7．Let's ________ the windows and let in some fresh spring air. A．open B．to open C．opening D．opened 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们打开窗户，放进些新鲜的春风吧。Let's 后接动词原形 open。故选 A。 8．The number of students in our school ________ about two thousand this year. A．are B．were C．is D．be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今年我校学生数约为两千。the number of 作主语时谓语用单数 is。故选 C。 9．He ________ a maths teacher and his sister ________ a nurse in the hospital. A．is; is B．are; are C．is; are D．are; is 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他是数学老师，他妹妹是医院护士。两个单数主语分别搭配 is。故选 A。 10．—Could you help me carry the heavy box upstairs? —Sure, I ________. A．could B．can C．must D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—你能帮我把重箱子搬上楼吗？—当然，我能。Could 表请求时肯定回答用 can。故选 B。 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给词的适当形式填空 1．You'd better ________ (take) an umbrella because it may rain this afternoon. 【答案】take 【详解】句意：你最好带把伞，因为下午可能下雨。had better 后接动词原形 take。 2．Nothing can make him ________ (change) his mind once he decides. 【答案】change 【详解】句意：一旦他决定，没什么能让他改变主意。make 后接 sb do，省略 to，change。 3．—Must I ________ (clean) the classroom right now? —No, you needn't. 【答案】clean 【详解】句意：—我必须现在打扫教室吗？—不，你不必。情态动词 must 后接原形 clean。 4．Why ________ (be) your sister so happy after the school trip? 【答案】is 【详解】句意：你妹妹春游后为什么这么开心？主语 sister 单数，be 用 is。 5．The teacher will ________ (suggest) we read more classic stories. 【答案】suggest 【详解】句意：老师会建议我们多读经典故事。will 后接动词原形 suggest。 6．Let's ________ (go) for a walk along the river after school. 【答案】go 【详解】句意：放学后我们沿河散步吧。Let's 后接动词原形 go。 7．Neither the cat nor the dog ________ (be) at home when we returned. 【答案】is 【详解】句意：我们回来时猫和狗都不在家。neither...nor... 就近原则，dog 单数用 is。 8．I can ________ (speak) a little French after the exchange visit. 【答案】speak 【详解】句意：交流访问后我能说一点法语了。情态动词 can 后接原形 speak。 9．You should not ________ (throw) litter on the ground in the park. 【答案】throw 【详解】句意：你不应在公园地上扔垃圾。should not 后接原形 throw。 10．My dream ________ (be) to travel around the country by train one day. 【答案】is 【详解】句意：我的梦想是有一天乘火车游遍全国。主语 dream 单数，be 用 is。 三、按要求完成句子 1．他一定很累，因为已经工作了一整天。 He must be ________ ________ after working for a whole day. 【答案】very tired 【详解】句意：他一定很累，因为已经工作了一整天。“很累”用 very tired 作表语。 2．熟能生巧，我每天练习来提升自己。 ________ ________ ________, and I practise every day to improve myself. 【答案】Practice makes perfect 【详解】句意：熟能生巧，我每天练习来提升自己。“熟能生巧”固定表达 Practice makes perfect。 3．冬天的雪花轻轻飘落，覆盖整个小村庄。 Winter snowflakes ________ ________ and ________ the whole small village. 【答案】fall gently; cover 【详解】句意：冬天的雪花轻轻飘落，覆盖整个小村庄。fall gently 轻轻飘落；cover 覆盖。 4．你最好在远足前仔细阅读地图。 You ________ ________ read the map carefully before you go hiking. 【答案】had better 【详解】句意：你最好在远足前仔细阅读地图。had better 后接动词原形。 5．每个人都能为让班级更温暖出一份力。 Everyone can ________ ________ ________ in making our class warmer. 【答案】play a part 【详解】句意：每个人都能为让班级更温暖出一份力。play a part in 表示“起作用、出一份力”。 6．The little cat sleeps on the sofa.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the little cat sleep? 【答案】Where does 【详解】句意：小猫在沙发上睡觉。对地点提问用 Where does。 7．I think honesty makes a true friend.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ you think makes a true friend? 【答案】What do 【详解】句意：我认为诚实造就真正的朋友。对宾语内容提问用 What do。 8．Could you pass me the salt?（改为同义句） Could you ________ the salt ________ me? 【答案】pass; to 【详解】句意：你能把盐递给我吗？pass sb sth 可转换为 pass sth to sb。 9．We should be kind to our neighbours.（改为否定句） We ________ ________ kind to our neighbours. 【答案】should not 【详解】句意：我们应该对邻居友善。改为否定句在 should 后加 not。 10．She has a lovely cat.（改为一般疑问句） ________ she ________ a lovely cat? 【答案】Does; have 【详解】句意：她有一只可爱的猫。改为一般疑问句借助 Does，动词用原形 have。 四、完形填空 Passage 1 根据文章内容在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you ever moved house before? How did you adjust to (适应) life in a new place? Recently, scientists 1 some Burrowing Owls (穴栖猫头鹰) settle (安置) into their new homes. Burrowing Owls are small brown long-legged birds. They make homes in underground burrows (洞穴) and prefer to live in groups. In California, there is another kind of owl 2 the Western Burrowing Owl. In the past, these owls lived in the grasslands. Later, people began building cities on many of the grasslands. This drove the owls off their burrows. So some of these birds were unable to 3 new homes. As a result, the number of Western Burrowing Owls in California was 4 than that in 1965. 5 the number kept falling, they would be at risk of dying out. 6 , scientists found out the problem some years ago. They soon began trying to move these owls to some protected grasslands. In order to make the birds 7 more “at home”, scientists played the recording sound of owl calls 8 these areas. They also used white paint to make fake droppings (假粪便) of the owls. This made the birds 9 that other owls were living there. As a result, they 10 their new homes and stayed there. Scientists returned to check on the owls. Most of them seemed to like their new homes. Hope they can enjoy their new lives there! 1．A．bought B．shared C．helped D．pressed 2．A．followed B．called C．arrived D．practiced 3．A．mark B．lead C．remember D．find 4．A．longer B．more C．smaller D．shorter 5．A．If B．So C．But D．Though 6．A．Certainly B．Hardly C．Luckily D．Heavily 7．A．look B．feel C．sound D．taste 8．A．about B．without C．under D．in 9．A．believe B．fill C．catch D．invite 10．A．printed B．accepted C．hit D．hurt 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述科学家帮助穴栖猫头鹰适应新家园的故事。由于人类活动侵占草原，猫头鹰数量减少，科学家通过播放叫声和制造假粪便等方式帮助它们定居。 【详解】1．句意：最近，科学家帮助一些穴栖猫头鹰在它们的新家安顿下来。 helped帮助；shared分享；bought购买；pressed按压。根据“settle into their new homes”可知科学家是“帮助”猫头鹰安家。故选C。 2．句意：在加州，另一种猫头鹰被称为西部穴栖猫头鹰。 called被称为；followed跟随；arrived到达；practiced练习。此处需表示“被命名”的动词。故选B。 3．句意：因此这些鸟无法找到新家。 find找到；mark标记；lead带领；remember记住。根据上文“ people began…off their burrows.”可知，人类活动驱赶猫头鹰，导致它们难以“找到”新栖息地。故选D。 4．句意：加州西部穴栖猫头鹰的数量比1965年更少。 smaller更小，更少；longer更长；more更多；shorter更短。根据“drove the owls off”可知，猫头鹰的数量减少。故选C。 5．句意：如果数量持续下降，它们将面临灭绝风险。 If如果；So因此；But但是；Though尽管。此处为假设条件关系，if从句表示假设。故选A。 6．句意：幸运的是，科学家几年前发现了这个问题。 Luckily幸运地；Certainly当然；Hardly几乎不；Heavily沉重地。根据“found out the problem some years ago”可知，这是积极情况，可以防止出现上文提到的灭绝风险。故选C。 7．句意：为了让这些鸟感觉更“自在”，科学家在这些区域播放猫头鹰叫声录音。 feel感觉；look看起来；sound听起来；taste尝起来。feel at home“感到自在”。故选B。 8．句意：为了让这些鸟感觉更“自在”，科学家在这些区域播放猫头鹰叫声录音。 in在……内；about关于；without没有；under在……下。空格处表示声音播放的物理位置，用“in”。故选D。 9．句意：这让这些鸟相信其他猫头鹰正生活在那里。 believe相信；fill填满；catch抓住；invite邀请。假粪便的目的是制造有同伴的假象，让这些猫头鹰“相信”。故选A。 10．句意：结果，它们接受了新家并留在那里。 accepted接受；printed打印；hit击打；hurt伤害。根据“stayed there”可知是“接受”新栖息地。故选B。 Passage 2 根据短文内容，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Russia’s spring starts in March. It gets warm only on May 1st, which is 1 Spring Day here. If you visit in March or April, you can enjoy low 2 prices and events like Women’s Day. May has clearer skies and streets with fewer people, making it a great time for a 3 journey. Summer is from 4 to August. Warm weather brings many tourists, and it’s a better time for a 5 . Trees turn green and flowers 6 , and there are many cultural (文化的) festivals. In Moscow, temperatures often get to 30℃. Sometimes, rain makes it a little cold. During these three months, you can enjoy the 7 Black Sea and Altai Mountains. Autumn is a short season. After a grey end to August, the sun 8 bright in September and October. Forests turn into colours, making the country look amazing. It’s a good time to 9 famous ballet shows. Russia’s winter isn’t very cold. In January, the coldest month, the temperatures usually 10 around -7℃. The beautiful snow is good for winter sports. Russian New Year parties last two weeks, filled with music, dancing, and so on—early January is fun to visit. So, when is the best time to visit Russia? That’s for you to decide! 1．A．called B．taken C．met D．faced 2．A．road B．race C．hotel D．bank 3．A．common B．comfortable C．double D．central 4．A．April B．May C．June D．July 5．A．holiday B．practice C．match D．team 6．A．come in B．come out C．come by D．come true 7．A．awful B．big C．fantastic D．ugly 8．A．sees B．shines C．brings D．relaxes 9．A．watch B．rush C．search D．serve 10．A．agree B．stay C．help D．go 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了俄罗斯四季的特点及最佳旅游时间。 【详解】1．句意：只有在5月1日才会暖和起来，这一天在这里被称为春天的节日。 called称为；taken拿走；met遇见；faced面对。根据“on May 1st”和“Spring Day here”可知，在俄罗斯，五一也被称为春天的节日。故选A。 2．句意：如果你在3月或4月参观，你可以享受低廉的酒店价格和妇女节等活动。 road道路；race比赛；hotel酒店；bank银行。根据“If you visit”可知，此处指3月或4月去俄罗斯旅行时，酒店价格低廉。故选C。 3．句意：5月的天空更清澈，街道上人更少，使得5月是一个进行舒适旅行的好时机。 common普通的；comfortable舒适的；double双倍的；central中心的。根据“May has clearer skies and streets with fewer people”和“a great time”可知，人少时旅行不拥挤，是舒适的。故选B。 4．句意：夏季从6月到8月。 April四月；May五月；June六月；July七月。根据“to August”和“During these three months”可知，夏季持续3个月，即从6月到8月是夏季。故选C。 5．句意：温暖的天气带来了许多游客，这是一个更好的度假时间。 holiday假期；practice练习；match比赛；team团队。根据“Warm weather brings many tourists”可知，夏季是游客来度假的好时间。故选A。 6．句意：树木变绿，鲜花盛开，还有许多文化节日。 come in进来；come out开放；come by经过；come true实现。根据“Summer”和“Trees turn green and flowers”可知，此处指夏季树木变绿，鲜花盛开。故选B。 7．句意：在这3个月里，你可以尽情享受美妙的黑海和阿尔泰山脉。 awful糟糕的；big大的；fantastic美妙的；ugly丑陋的。根据“you can enjoy”可知，此处指欣赏美景，如美妙的黑海等。故选C。 8．句意：8月在阴霾中收尾，9月和10月阳光明媚。 sees看见；shines照耀；brings带来；relaxes放松。根据“the sun”和“bright”可知，此处指太阳明亮地照耀。故选B。 9．句意：这是观看著名芭蕾表演的好时机。 watch观看；rush匆忙；search搜索；serve服务。根据“ballet shows”可知，此处指观看芭蕾表演。故选A。 10．句意：在1月，最冷的月份，气温通常保持在零下7摄氏度左右。 agree同意；stay保持；help帮助；go去。根据“the temperatures usually”可知，此处描述温度保持在零下7摄氏度左右。故选B。 Passage 3 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Picture this: The weather is becoming so cool. People are 1 their sweaters or coats instead of summer clothes. But for some people, the changing of the seasons is less enjoyable because it can lead to a(n) 2 drop in energy. Furthermore, many people may wonder why they get more tired in 3 . As Dr. Michael Howell, a sleep expert, says, “The sunlight in the morning helps us 4 , and it also helps keep us awake all day long.” As autumn comes, the days are getting shorter, we’ll probably feel sleepy, weak and so on. Besides, people prefer to eat more comfort food in cold weather. But according to scientific research, these food can 5 people feel sleepy and less energetic. For more energy, we should try to eat fruit and vegetables whenever possible. For some people, one of the best parts in autumn is that they can finally 6 outdoor activities. They can say things like “It looks like it’s about to rain. I guess I’ll have to stay at home and drink hot tea!” But this drop in activity could make them feel much 7 . “Physical activity is helpful for quick thinking,” says Dr. Howell. Changes in sleep can also influence 8 people feel during the day. For some, they might sleep longer, but for others, they might sleep shorter. 9 , the effects on their energy levels are almost the same. Like the 10 of the year, experts advise sleeping for about eight hours a night, and waking up at the same time every day. They think it is a good way to avoid interfering with (干扰) people’s body clocks. 1．A．dressing B．changing C．wearing D．leaving 2．A．cheerful B．lucky C．exciting D．sudden 3．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 4．A．wake up B．put up C．turn up D．tidy up 5．A．help B．make C．cause D．advise 6．A．keep B．stop C．lose D．plan 7．A．happier B．colder C．weaker D．healthier 8．A．how B．why C．when D．where 9．A．Instead B．Moreover C．However D．Otherwise 10．A．part B．rest C．form D．season 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了人们在秋季更容易感到疲惫的原因。作者从光照时长、食物选择、户外运动量以及睡眠质量这四个方面做了说明。 【详解】1．句意：人们穿着他们的毛衣或外套，而不是夏天的衣服。 dressing给……穿衣服；changing改变；wearing穿着；leaving离开。根据“People are...their sweaters or coats”可知，指的是穿着毛衣或外套。故选C。 2．句意：但对于一些人来说，季节的变化就不那么令人愉快了，因为它会导致精力突然下降。 cheerful高兴的；lucky幸运的；exciting令人兴奋的；sudden突然的。根据下文“they get more tired”可知，感到劳累是因为精力突然下降。故选D。 3．句意：此外，许多人可能想知道为什么他们在秋天更累。 spring春天；summer夏天；autumn秋天；winter冬天。根据下文“As autumn comes”即全文内容可知，本文介绍的是秋天人们感到疲倦的原因。故选C。 4．句意：正如睡眠专家Michael Howell博士所说: “早晨的阳光帮助我们醒来，也帮助我们一整天都保持清醒。” wake up醒来；put up张贴；turn up调高音量；tidy up整理。根据“The sunlight in the morning”和常识可知，早上的阳光有助于我们醒来。故选A。 5．句意：但根据科学研究，这些食物会使人感到困倦，精力不足。 help帮助；make使，让；cause引起，导致，常用于cause sb. to do sth.“导致某人做某事”；advise建议。根据“these food can...people feel sleepy and less energetic”可知，指的是食物使人感到困倦，make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”。故选B。 6．句意：对一些人来说，秋天最好的部分之一就是他们终于可以停止户外活动了。 keep保持；stop停止；lose失去；plan计划。根据“They can say things like ‘It looks like it’s about to rain. I guess I’ll have to stay at home and drink hot tea!’ ”可知，一些人喜欢待在家里喝茶，不喜欢户外活动，因此上文 “停止户外活动”符合语境。故选B。 7．句意：但这种活动的减少可能会让他们感觉更虚弱。 happier更快乐的；colder更冷的；weaker更虚弱的；healthier更健康的。根据生活常识可知，停止户外活动会让身体更虚弱。故选C。 8．句意：睡眠的变化也会影响人们白天的感受如何。 how怎样；why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪里。根据“Changes in sleep can also influence ...people feel during the day.”可知，指的是睡眠的变化会影响人们感受如何。故选A。 9．句意：然而，对他们能量水平的影响几乎是一样的。 Instead反而；Moreover此外；However然而；Otherwise否则。根据“For some, they might sleep longer, but for others, they might sleep shorter. ...the effects on their energy levels are almost the same”可知，答题空前后句是转折关系，故“However”符合语境。故选C。 10．句意：和一年中的其他的时间一样，专家建议每晚睡8小时左右，每天在同一时间起床。 part部分；rest其余部分；form表格；season季节。根据“They think it is a good way to avoid interfering with (干扰) people’s body clocks.”可知，为了避免生物钟受到干扰，应该保持与一年中的“其他的”睡眠时间一样。故选B。 五、短文填空 Passage 4 Here comes autumn! It is the 1 season of the year and spring is the first. In China, autumn arrives around September. It is still a little warm, but it gets colder and colder. The days 2 get shorter and shorter. The leaves 3 the trees begin to turn yellow and red. The air is fresh. It’s a great season for kids to play outside. What do children do in autumn in different 4 (country) ? In China, students often have 5 autumn picnic. Usually, they go to an amusement park or out into 6 (natural). For example, kids in Shenzhen like to climb mountains in Nanshan. Most children also like to play games with their classmates, like soccer. Japanese students often go hiking with their parents or classmates 7 the leaves are red and yellow. It is a perfect way to get exercise. Mountain climbing in nice weather is also a good choice (选择) . For most children in the US, 8 (ride) a bike is a good autumn activity. 9 (take) a mountain bike ride and you can find new roads. Playing in leaf piles is popular, too. Kids jump onto a leaf pile. They are happy to see the colorful leaves fly all around . They also make leaf rain. It’s all a lot of 10 (funny). In the UK, school kids love to camp outside with their parents. They make food over the fire. 【答案】 1．third 2．also 3．on 4．countries 5．an 6．nature 7．when 8．riding 9．Take 10．fun 【导语】本文介绍了秋天的季节特征，以及不同国家的孩子们在秋天的常见活动，展现了秋天的美好与乐趣。 【详解】1．句意：它是一年中的第三个季节，春天是第一个。结合常识，秋天是四季中的第三个季节，用序数词third。 2．句意：白天也变得越来越短。结合前文描述天气变化，此处补充“也”的含义，用副词also表示“也”，位于动词之前。 3．句意：树上的叶子开始变黄变红。固定搭配leaves on the trees表示“树上的叶子”，用介词on。 4．句意：不同国家的孩子们在秋天做什么？different后接可数名词复数，country的复数形式是countries。 5．句意：在中国，学生们经常去秋游。固定搭配have an autumn picnic表示“进行一次秋游”，autumn以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 6．句意：通常，他们会去游乐园或亲近大自然。固定搭配out into nature表示“进入大自然”，natural的名词形式是nature。 7．句意：当树叶变红变黄时，日本学生经常和父母或同学一起去远足。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，用连词when。 8．句意：对大多数美国孩子来说，骑自行车是一项不错的秋季活动。此处作句子主语，动词需要变为动名词形式，ride的动名词是riding。 9．句意：骑上山地自行车，你会发现新的道路。此处为祈使句，用动词原形开头，take保持原形，句首首字母大写。 10．句意：这都非常有趣。a lot of后接名词，funny的名词形式是fun，表示“乐趣”。 Passage 5 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Do you know Yakutsk (雅库茨克)? It is a special city because of its special weather. The summer in Yakutsk is not hot. It is warm and 1 (suddenly) rain showers are frequent (频繁的). July is the 2 (warm) month of the year, with an average temperature around 20℃. The winter in Yakutsk is very long. It is from early October to late April. It’s very cold during these months and January is the coldest month in Yakutsk. It’s often foggy and 3 (snow). The temperature can fall to -50°C．As a result, Yakutsk is one of the coldest cities in the world. The cold weather 4 (make) local people seldom walk down the street in winter. If they stand outside for a few minutes, their eyelashes (睫毛) 5 (become) white and their faces will get red. Sometimes, when it snows 6 (heavy), long-time walking outside may let people be trapped in thick snow. The outside world is peaceful and silent. Everything is covered in deep white snow. The weather is not nice in Yakutsk during the winter months, but local people never get bored. There are many shopping centres, museums and cafes in the city. Local people like going to these places to spend their free time and enjoy 7 (they) a lot. And skating is the most exciting sport among local people. There is snow and ice everywhere, so people there can skate 8 (easy). Every year, lots of 9 (tour) pay a visit to Yakutsk. If you want to visit it, local people advise you 10 (go) in July. The weather is pleasant and not cold at all then. 【答案】 1．sudden 2．warmest 3．snowy 4．makes 5．will become 6．heavily 7．themselves 8．easily 9．tourists 10．to go 【导语】本文主要介绍了俄罗斯雅库茨克这座城市独特的气候特点，以及当地居民的生活方式与旅游建议。 【详解】1．句意：天气很暖和，而且突如其来的阵雨很频繁。 suddenly是副词，这里需要形容词修饰名词短语rain showers，所以用sudden。 2．句意：七月是一年中最温暖的月份。of the year表示范围，形容词要用最高级，所以warm变为warmest。 3．句意：这里经常有雾，而且多雪。  and连接两个并列的形容词，修饰天气状况，与前面的foggy对应；snow是名词 /动词，其形容词形式为snowy。 4．句意：严寒的天气让当地人在冬天很少上街。  主语The cold weather是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数，所以make变为makes。 5．句意：如果他们在室外待上几分钟，睫毛就会变白，脸也会冻得通红。  if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”规则：从句用一般现在时（stand），主句用一般将来时（will become），与后文will get red时态一致。 6．句意：有时，当大雪纷飞时，长时间在室外行走可能会让人被困在厚厚的积雪中。  修饰动词snows需要副词，所以heavy变为heavily。 7．句意：当地人喜欢去这些地方度过闲暇时光，玩得十分尽兴。  固定搭配enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心、过得愉快”，主语Local people是复数，因此用反身代词themselves。 8．句意：这里到处都是冰雪，因此人们可以轻松地滑冰。 此处需要副词修饰动词skate，easy是形容词，其副词形式为easily，表示“轻松地（滑冰）”。 9．句意：每年都有大量游客前来雅库茨克游览。  lots of后接可数名词复数，tour 是动词/名词（旅行），表示“游客” 需用名词tourist，复数形式为tourists。 10．句意：如果你想参观这里，当地人会建议你在7月前往。 固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人做某事”，因此用不定式to go。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Seasons bring beautiful changes to our world every year. People divide the year 1 four seasons, each having three months. Every season is special, and different people have 2 (they) favourite season. Lin Tong lives in the northeast of China. His favourite season is winter, because winter is 3 (connect) with snow and ice. The average temperature in winter in his hometown is about 15 4 (degree) below zero. The river near his home is always frozen in winter. Lin Tong often 5 (go) skating and has great fun with his friends. It snows a lot there too. There is 6 exciting game for him and his friends—they enjoy 7 (throw) snowballs at each other. Lin Tong’s cousin, Lin Hua, lives in Guangzhou. Her favourite season is spring, because she thinks spring brings new life. The days get 8 (long) than before. The weather gets warmer than before and trees turn green. Everything looks fresh and is full of energy. The warm days in spring are good for 9 (people) health. Lin Hua loves doing sports outside in spring. Jogging and riding a bike, for example, are the activities she can enjoy 10 it’s warm and sunny. Dear friends, what is your favourite season? What do you like doing most during it? 【答案】 1．into 2．their 3．connected 4．degrees 5．goes 6．an 7．throwing 8．longer 9．people's 10．when 【导语】本文讲述了季节的划分，不同人对季节的喜好。以林桐和林华为例，分别介绍了他们喜欢的季节（林桐喜欢冬天，林华喜欢春天）以及在喜欢的季节里的活动，最后向读者提问最喜欢的季节和活动。 【详解】1．句意：人们把一年分成四季。根据“People divide the year … four seasons”此句的结构可知，“divide … into … ”表达“把……分成……”，因此此处要用介词“into”。故填into。 2．句意：每个季节都很特别，不同的人有他们最喜欢的季节。根据“people have … (they) favourite season.”此句的“favourite season”可知，前面需用形容词修饰“favourite season”，因此需用“they”的形容词性物主代词“their”，表达“他们的”。故填their。 3．句意：他最喜欢的季节是冬天，因为冬天与冰雪有关。根据“because winter is … (connect) with snow and ice.”此句的句意可知，此句是把“冬天”和“雪和冰”联系在一起，表达“冬天与雪和冰有关”，此句需用“be connected with”表达“与……有关”，因此此处需用“connect”的过去分词“connected”。故填connected。 4．句意：他家乡冬天的平均气温约为零下15度。根据“is about 15 … (degree) below zero.”此句的“15”可知，是表示数字的复数，因此“degree”需用可数名词的复数“degrees”。故填degrees。 5．句意：林彤经常去滑冰，和朋友们玩得很开心。根据“Lin Tong often … (go) skating”可知，此句的主语是“Lin Tong”，是单数，因此“go”需用第三人称单数形式“goes”。故填goes。 6．句意：他和他的朋友们有一场激动人心的比赛。根据“There is … exciting game”此句的句意可知，此处需用不定冠词修饰“exciting game”，可数名词的单数，因“exciting”发音是以元音音素开头，所以前面的不定冠词需用“an”。故填an。 7．句意：他们喜欢互相扔雪球。根据“they enjoy … (throw) snowballs at each other.”此句的“enjoy”可知，enjoy doing something“喜欢做某事”，故填throwing。 8．句意：日子比以前长了。根据“The days get … (long) than before”此句的“ … than … ”的比较级结构可知，此处需用“long”的比较级结构“longer”，表达“longer than”。故填longer。 9．句意：春天的温暖天气对人们的健康有好处。根据“The warm days in spring are good for … (people) health.”此句的句意可知，此处表达“人们的”，需用所有格，因“people”是不规则复数，此处需用“people”的所有格“people’s”。故填people’s。 10．句意：例如，慢跑和骑自行车是她在温暖阳光下可以享受的活动。根据“Jogging and riding a bike, for example, are the activities she can enjoy … it’s warm and sunny.”此句的句型可知，此句是一个复合句，结合句意，后句表达“当在温暖的阳光下”，是一个时间状语从句，此处需用表达时间状语从句的连词，表达“当在……的时候”，“when”表达“当在……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。故填when。 六、选词填空 Passage 7 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每词或短语限用一次。 ice; heavy; harvest; get warmer; blow strongly; wonder; leaf; last; life; come In China, spring returns in March. The weather 1 . Everything comes back to 2 . Trees turn green and flowers come out. It is a 3 season. Summer begins in June. It is very hot. It often rains and sometimes rains 4 . Autumn comes after summer. It is the harvest season, and the farmers are busy 5 . It’s cool and the 6 fall from the trees. The cold weather is 7 . Winter 8 from December to February. It’s a very cold season. We all wear warm clothes. The wind 9 and sometimes there is 10 or snow. 【答案】 1．gets warmer 2．life 3．wonderful 4．heavily 5．harvesting 6．leaves 7．coming 8．lasts 9．blows strongly 10．ice 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章依次介绍了中国春夏秋冬四个季节的天气特征、自然变化和人们的相关状态，展现了四季分明的自然风貌。 【详解】1．句意：天气变得暖和起来。根据上文“In China, spring returns in March.”和备选词汇可知，春天的核心气候特征是气温回升；考查get warmer“变得更暖和”，句子陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语“The weather”为单数，谓语动词需用三单形式gets。故填gets warmer。 2．句意：万物都恢复了生机。根据“Everything comes back to…”和备选词汇可知，此处考查come back to life“复苏；恢复生机”，固定搭配，描述春天万物复苏的常用表达，符合“树木变绿、鲜花绽放”的语境。故填life。 3．句意：这是一个美好的季节。根据上文“Trees turn green and flowers come out.”和备选词汇可知，树木变绿、鲜花绽放，此处是指春天是一个美好的季节；空格前是不定冠词“a”，后接名词“season”，应用wonder的形容词形式wonderful“美好的”，作定语。故填wonderful。 4．句意：天经常下雨，有时还会下大雨。根据空格前“rains”和备选词汇可知，此处是指下大雨，应用形容词heavy的副词形式heavily“大量地；猛烈地”，在句中作状语，修饰动词“rains”。故填heavily。 5．句意：这是收获的季节，农民们都忙着收割。根据上文“It is the harvest season,”和备选词汇可知，秋天是收获的季节，此处是指农民忙于收割，考查harvest“收割，收获”，动词；be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，固定搭配，动词harvest应用其动名词形式harvesting。故填harvesting。 6．句意：天气凉爽，树叶从树上飘落。根据“fall from the trees”和备选词汇可知，秋天的典型景象是树叶飘落，考查leaf“树叶”，可数名词；结合动词“fall”，此处需要用复数形式leaves表泛指。故填leaves。 7．句意：寒冷的天气即将来临。根据语境和备选词汇可知，前文描述秋天的景象，本句是过渡句，指寒冷的天气即将到来；结合空格前“is”，这里应用现在进行时表将来，动词come的现在分词为coming。故填coming。 8．句意：冬天从12月持续到2月。根据“from December to February”和备选词汇可知，此处是指冬天从12月持续到2月，考查last“持续”，动词；句子陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语“Winter”是单数，谓语动词需用三单形式lasts。故填lasts。 9．句意：风刮得很大，有时还会有冰或雪。根据上文“We all wear warm clothes.”和备选词汇可知，人们穿上了暖和的衣服，此处是指风刮得很大；句子陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语“The wind”是单数，谓语动词blow应用三单形式blows；副词strongly修饰动词“blows”，表示“风刮得猛烈”。故填blows strongly。 10．句意：风刮得很大，有时还会有冰或雪。根据常识和备选词汇可知，冬天的天气特征是寒冷，常会出现冰或雪的景象，考查ice“冰”，不可数名词，直接填入即可。故填ice。 Passage 8 阅读短文，从方框中选择单词填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。部分单词需进行词形转换，每词限用一次。 rain snow fog season clear swim wind interesting fly drive There are four 1 in the year—spring, summer, autumn and winter. In spring, it gets warm. Everything begins to grow. Flowers come out and plants turn green. People like going to the park at the weekend. When it’s 2 and fine, children usually have great fun 3 kites in the park. Kites of different shapes look very beautiful in the sky. Summer comes after spring. It’s very hot in summer. Summer is a good season for 4 . Parents should be with their children when they go for a swim, or it may be dangerous to children. It’s often 5 in summer. So people need to take an umbrella with them when it’s cloudy and looks it’s going to rain. It’s very cool in autumn. It’s a season to harvest crops. The sky looks blue and high in this season. It’s usually very sunny in autumn. So it’s a good season for boys to play football if they are 6 in sports. But sometimes, it may be very 7 in the morning, so the 8 should drive very slow and carefully, because they can’t see things 9 .Winter is the coldest season in a year. It’s often 10 in the north. Children like it because they can make a snowman. People in the north enjoy winter sports, like skating and skiing. 【答案】 1．seasons 2．windy 3．flying 4．swimming 5．rainy 6．interested 7．foggy 8．drivers 9．clearly 10．snowy 【导语】本文介绍了一年四季。 【详解】1．句意：一年有四个季节——春、夏、秋、冬。根据“spring, summer, autumn and winter.”可知，一年有四个季节，season意为“季节”，可数名词，此处指四个季节，因此用其名词复数“seasons”。故填seasons。 2．句意：刮风和晴朗时，孩子们通常会在公园里放风筝玩得很开心。根据“and fine”以及“kites”可知，此处指的是天气状况，且有风的天气放风筝比较适宜，wind意为“风”，其形容词为“windy”，意为“有风的”。故填windy。 3．句意：刮风和晴朗时，孩子们通常会在公园里放风筝玩得很开心。根据“kites”可知，此处指“放风筝”，fly kites意为“放风筝”，have fun doing sth.意为“做某事玩得开心”。故填flying。 4．句意：夏季是游泳的好季节。“for”是介词，后跟动词-ing形式，根据下文中“go for a swim”可知，此处指“游泳”，swimming意为“游泳”。故填swimming。 5．句意：夏天经常下雨。根据“So people need to take an umbrella with them”可知，夏天经常下雨，名词rain意为“雨”，空前有be动词，因此用形容词形式，其形容词形式为“rainy”，意为“下雨的”。故填rainy。 6．句意：如果男孩对运动感兴趣，这是一个踢足球的好季节。根据“it’s a good season for boys to play football”可知，此处指“男孩对运动感兴趣”，be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。 7．句意：有时候，早上可能会有很大的雾。根据“because they can’t see things”可知，早上可能会有很大的雾，空前有be动词，因此空处填形容词形式“foggy”，意为“有雾的”。故填foggy。 8．句意：司机们开车要非常小心谨慎。根据“…should drive very slow and carefully”可知，此处指的是“司机”，表示不只一个司机，因此用名词复数形式，“drivers”意为“司机们”。故填drivers。 9．句意：因为他们看不清东西。副词修饰动词，形容词clear意为“清楚的”，其副词形式为“clearly”，意为“清晰地”，在句中修饰动词“see”。故填clearly。 10．句意：在北方经常下雪。根据“Children like it because they can make a snowman.”可知，北方的冬天经常下雪，名词snow意为“雪”，空前有be动词，此处用其形容词形式“snowy”，意为“多雪的”。故填snowy。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $