专题02 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，云南专用）高二英语上学期

**基本信息** 本试卷聚焦高二上学期说明文阅读理解，精选劳动教育、电子皮肤、夜间隐形眼镜等时代性素材，通过“人与社会”“人与自我”“人与自然”多主题语境考查阅读技能，适配期中检测需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（选择题）|每篇4题（共12篇）|细节理解（如劳动教育目的）、推理判断（如电子皮肤应用前景）、主旨大意（如最佳标题）、词义猜测（如“eliminate”含义）|情境具时代性（科技前沿如夜间隐形眼镜、社会热点如奶茶经济），问题呈层次性（基础题占60%，能力题占40%），贴合高考真题注重真实语境与核心素养的命题趋势|

专题02 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）In recent years, labor education has become a key part of school curricula in China. Inspired by the belief that “life is education,” many schools now encourage students to take part in meaningful hands-on activities such as planting vegetables, cooking meals, and repairing simple items. A kindergarten in Henan Province recently attracted public attention for teaching children how to sift (筛) wheat and make dough — simple but practical tasks that help build life skills. Labor education goes beyond skill development. It helps students become more independent, responsible, and cooperative. By experiencing real work, they learn to appreciate the value of effort and understand that every job is worthy of respect. These experiences also support emotional and cognitive growth, contributing to well-rounded personal development. In 2018, the Chinese government officially included labor education as a required subject in schools. The goal is to change negative attitudes toward physical labor and promote a culture of hard work from an early age. However, successful programs require proper planning, safety measures, and support from parents to ensure activities are suitable for each age group. Though challenges exist, this trend shows a change in how we view education. True learning doesn’t just happen in textbooks — it also comes from doing. Through labor, students gain a realistic understanding of life, helping them grow into a thoughtful person. 1.Why do many schools launch hands-on activities? A. Schools were inspired by a belief. B. Schools were required by parents. C. The activities were favored by teachers. D. The activities were preferred by students. 2.What can we know from Paragraph 2? A. Labor education merely develops skills. B. Children should work instead of studying. C. Cooking is the most important skill in life. D. Labor education supports well-rounded growth. 3.Why is parents’ support important in labor education? A. Parents can replace teachers. B. Children only listen to their parents. C. Schools cannot organize anything alone. D. It ensures activities are suitable for students. 4.Which is the best title for the passage? A. Learning from Textbooks. B. The History of Chinese Education. C. Growing through Labor Education. D. The Challenges of Labor Education. 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南昆明第三中学等校-11月·期中）The new e-skin improves tasks requiring accuracy and force control, overcoming a big challenge in advancing technology. Unlike traditional e-skins, this new e-skin stays accurate even when it stretches. “Much like human skin has to stretch and bend as we move, so does e-skin,” explains Nanshu Lu, a professor in the Cockrell School. The breakthrough lies in an innovative hybrid response pressure sensor that Lu and her partners have developed over years. Lu sees the stretchable e-skin as an important part of a robot hand that can mirror the softness and sensitivity of a human hand. This new e-skin technology senses pressure from contact, letting the attached machine know how much force to use to, for example, hold a cup or touch a person. In demonstrations, the new e-skin allowed the robot hand to adapt to various sensitive tasks, such as accurately measuring human pulse (脉搏) and pulse waves, securely holding objects without dropping them and even handling unexpected items like coins inside a glass or pressing on a potato chip without breaking it. Lu and her team are currently exploring potential applications, including partnering to build a robotic arm equipped with the e-skin technology. They have also applied for a basic patent for the e-skin, indicating its potential for business use. In a world where the aging population exceeds (超过) the number of caregivers, the need for efficient and gentle care solutions is necessary. Lu believes robots equipped with advanced technologies like the stretchable e-skin could play a vital role in dealing with this global challenge. Beyond medicine,human-caring robots could be used in disasters. They could search for injured and trapped people in an earthquake or a collapsed building. From healthcare to disaster response, the potential is significant. With further development and cooperation with robotics companies, Lu hopes to see this e-skin technology make its way to the market, marking the beginning of a new era of human-robot interaction and care. 1.What advantage does the new e-skin have over traditional e-skins? A. It keeps accurate even when stretching. B. It enables robots to move at a fast speed. C. It allows robot hands to bend into all shapes. D. It helps robot hands control with less force. 2.What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The wide applications of the new e-skin. B. The important development of the new e-skin. C. The major challenge of the pressure sensor. D. The strong function of the pressure sensor. 3.What can robots with the new e-skin do for the global challenge of aging population? A. Reduce healthcare costs. B. Limit global business use. C. Replace human caregivers. D. Improve medical care efficiency. 4.What is the author’s attitude to the future of the new e-skin? A. Doubtful. B. Unclear C. Positive. D. Disapproving. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·云南师范大学附属中学·期中）Scrat, the famous squirrel in Ice Age, is small with brown fur and big, determined eyes. Though he rarely speaks, his silly, stubborn efforts make him a lovely, unforgettable part of the movie. And now, Salto the robot is acting a bit squirrelly. It can take a flying leap and land on a narrow pipe, just like a squirrel soaring from branch to branch. It’s the first time scientists have been able to get a robot to land—and balance on such a tiny target. “We’ve been inspired by squirrels,” says Justin Yim, an engineer who worked on the project at the University of California, Berkeley. The Salto team reported its new results on March 19th in Science Robotics. As nature’s acrobats (杂技演员), squirrels’ secret is exceptional balance. Their ability to maintain dynamic balance in complex 3D environments never fails to astonish engineers. High-speed camera photos reveal the movement control squirrels exhibit when making 1.5-meter jumps — equal to a human leaping over a 10-meter distance. If their jump falls short, they reduce leg force and use their swinging tail to create inertial momentum (惯性动量), correcting their track. If they overjump, they increase leg force to regain balance quickly. During landing, their front limbs (肢) absorb 86% of the impact force, while their hind limbs immediately adjust their grasping angle, allowing them to stay balanced even on the thinnest branches. In test jumps in the lab, Salto leapt from one plastic pipe to another. It successfully did this 25 times out of 30. “There’s lots of room for improvement,” Yim says. Still, Yim envisions future robots that are even more flexible than Salto. But Salto will need many more branches to catch up to its bushy-tailed brothers, Yim says, “The robot definitely has a long way ahead of it yet.” 1.Why is Scrat mentioned in the beginning? A. To show the popularity of the movie. B. To introduce squirrels’ eating habits. C. To arouse readers’ interest in the topic. D. To list the differences among robots. 2.What can be learned from Paragraph 4? A. Overjumping is a common mistake for squirrels. B. Squirrels demonstrate a high level of flexibility. C. Animals’ tails are more important than their limbs. D. Squirrels are trained to finish a 10-meter-long jump. 3.What does the underlined phrase “bushy-tailed brothers” refer to in the last paragraph? A. Real squirrels. B. Robots of better quality. C. Beloved movie characters. D. Other species with tails. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. 3D Environment Inspires New Generation of Robots. B. Nature’s Wisdom Turns into Engineering Breakthrough. C. University Research Has Drawn Worldwide Attention. D. Many Lab Failures Finally Find Their Rewarding Results. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·云南多校·期中）Buying furniture is easier than ever. You can even order a new table and chairs online without ever leaving home. But did you ever think about how furniture is made? The process begins with trees but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest. Instead of cutting down trees and adding to deforestation (砍伐森林), Velásquez-Garcia said. “If you want a table, then you should just grow a table.” The research group found a way to actually grow plant tissue (组织) — wood and fiber — in a lab that is similar to the way cultured meat is grown. While there is still a long way to actually grow a table. The team was able to grow structures from cells from zinnia leaves. Making furniture and other items from biomaterials could eliminate cutting down trees in forests. “The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,” said Velásquez-Garcia. “This is a real chance to avoid all that inefficiency.” There are other benefits to using lab wood too. Lab grown wood can be handled to take on any shape — like 3D printing — so it may be possible to build a table without glue or screwing parts together. Beckwith, a mechanical engineering PhD student, was inspired by a visit to a farm to try to make land-use more efficient and environmentally sound. “That got me thinking: Can we be more strategic about what we’re getting out of our process? Can we get more outputs for our inputs?” she told MIT News. “I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity.” Today, the two largest uses of trees are to make wood products and paper. When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value. These researchers, like Velásquez-Garcia, are speaking for the trees. 1.What does the underlined word “eliminate” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Risk. B. Fancy. C. Remove. D. Delay. 2.What is the purpose of Beckwith’s growing furniture? A. To make large profits. B. To keep biodiversity. C. To increase production. D. To use wild resources. 3.What’s the key to protecting forests? A. Wide use of new biomaterials. B. Less use of wood products and paper. C. Making effective forest laws. D. Caring more for the environment. 4.What can we learn about growing furniture from the passage? A. It turns out to be convenient. B. It’ll cut down daily expense. C. It might have a bright future. D. It’s as important as making furniture. Passage 4 （25-26高二上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）Have you ever dreamed of seeing in the dark without high-tech glasses? In May 2025, a research team from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) turned this dream into a real product — a pair of contact lenses (镜片) that give you night vision. Human eyes can only see “visible light” with wavelengths between 400–700 nanometres. Light longer than 800 nanometres is called infrared light (红外线), which our eyes cannot detect. The new lenses are made of the same soft plastic used in common contact lenses, but they contain special nanoparticles (纳米颗粒) only 45 nanometres across. These nanoparticles are made of gold and rare metals. When infrared light hits them, they transform the invisible light into visible colours such as red, green or blue, which enables infrared light to be a language our eyes can understand. The team first put the lenses on mice. In a dark box, the animals could clearly avoid areas lit by infrared LEDs, showing they “felt” the light. Brain scans also proved that their visual cortex was active. Volunteers then wore the lenses in a dark room. They could detect flashing infrared signals and even tell the direction of the light source. Interestingly, the lenses worked better when the eyes were closed, because infrared light can flash through eyelids more easily than visible light. At present the lenses can only pick up strong infrared light, such as that from LEDs. Pictures look blurry because the nanoparticles scatter light. The team is now trying to sharpen the image and make the lenses sensitive to weaker infrared rays, like the heat given off by a human body. With further development, these battery-free, paper-thin lenses may truly give ordinary people “superhuman” sight. Soldiers and firefighters could move safely at night without bulky glasses; surgeons might see infrared markers inside the body directly; drivers may one day read infrared road signs in fog. Colour-blind users could even experience new colours by changing the nanoparticles. 1.The nanoparticles inside the lenses are mainly used to ________. A. protect the eye from bright light B. make the lenses softer and cheaper C. shift infrared light into visible colours D. program soft plastic into a certain language 2.The lenses performed better with closed eyes because ________. A. eyelids block infrared light less than visible light B. volunteers felt more relaxed in complete darkness C. closing eyes increases the speed of nanoparticles D. brain scans work only when the eyes are closed 3.How does the author mainly introduce the new invention? A. By analyzing the cause and effect. B. By interviewing the research team. C. By listing numbers without comments. D. By giving examples and explanations. 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To advertise a new brand of nanoparticles. B. To explain how night-vision lenses work and their future. C. To compare different night-vision devices used in daily life. D. To warn readers about the possible dangers of nanoparticles. 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·云南楚雄联考·期中）Listening to music by yourself might not seem like a social activity, but researchers have published a study that suggests how doing so can have valuable social benefits. “It’s a great way to give yourself a social improvement and increase your well-being,” says Elaine Paravati, the study’s author, who conducted the research while completing her research at the University at Buffalo. The study’s view, however, differs from a lot of previous researches on the social aspects of music, which often focus on how music brings people together, as listeners and performers. Paravati instead looked at music enjoyed in isolation (孤立). Humans have a basic need to belong, which strongly motivates our behavior. Failing to connect with others can lead to depression, anxiety and low self-esteem (自尊). There are traditional ways to fill this need, like spending time with family and friends, but there are non-traditional ways as well, like activities that might not be immediately recognized as social. These are known as social surrogates (替代), which can help with loneliness, isolation and social threats, like rejection, just as well as time spent with others. Examples include forming one-sided bonds with celebrities, engaging in virtual social worlds, and surrounding oneself with reminders of loved ones. “Listening to music alone operates as a social surrogate along all three of those pathways,” says Paravati. “We found that listening to one’s favorite music helped individuals feel less lonely,” says Paravati. “But someone’s favorite music was more effective at this than just listening to music in general. In other words, there is something special about putting on your favorite song and jamming out.” Paravati says future research might explore the impact of music styles or the individual differences among the three surrogate pathways and which might be more important than the other two. 1.What might previous research on music’s social role most probably ignore? A. Music’s physical health benefits. B. Private listening as social connection. C. Differences between music styles. D. Music’s impact on workplace efficiency. 2.How does favorite music help according to Paravati? A. By improving memory. B. By replacing social activities. C. By reducing feelings of loneliness. D. By increasing professional skills. 3.What does Paravati’s suggestion for future research imply about her current findings? A. They are only applicable to young people. B. They may not cover all key parts. C. They require more real-life cases checking. D. They think too highly of music’s anti-loneliness effect. 4.What could be the best title for the text? A. Music Types Matter. B. Share Music, Share Joy. C. Alone with Your Favorite Songs. D. Concerts Beat Loneliness. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南玉溪第一中学·期中）How’s this for a coincidence (巧合)? Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln were born in the same year, on the same day: Feb. 12, 1809. Although people hardly think of them together, we want to say that they belong together. It’s not just because they are both great men, and not because they happened to live at the same time. Rather, it’s because the scientist and the politician each started a revolution that changed the world. They are both revolutionaries in the sense that both men changed the reality when they were born. They seem and sound modern to us, because the world they left behind them is more or less the one we still live in. So, considering the joint greatness of their contributions and the coincidence of their birthdays—it is hard to wonder: who was the greatest man? It’s an apples and oranges-or Superman vs. Santa-comparison. But if you limit the question to influence, very quickly the balance tips in Lincoln’s favor. As great as his book on evolution is, it does no harm to remember that Darwin hurried to publish The Origin of Species because he thought he was about to be scooped (抢先) by his fellow naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace. Lincoln, however, is unique. True, his election as the president did cause the recession (经济衰退) and the war, but that war seemed certain to happen—not a question of if but when. Certainly we know what happened after he was murdered: Reconstruction was organized and then abandoned, leaving the issue of racial (种族的) equality unsolved for another century. Surely we should not deny Darwins’ accomplishment. But their same birthdays gave us great opportunity to observe these men of their time. 1.Why does the author say Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln belong together? A. They were born on the same day. B. They lived in the same period of time. C. They started revolutions changing the world. D. They were both great men in history. 2.What does the author mean by “an apples and oranges-or Superman vs. Santa-comparison”? A. It is hard to tell which one is greater as they are both outstanding. B. The comparison between Darwin and Lincoln is easy and obvious. C. It is difficult to compare them as they are as famous as Superman and Santa. D. There is no point comparing them because they were born on the same day. 3.Which of the following can best describe Lincoln’s contributions to the world? A. Narrow. B. Objective. C. Challenging. D. Groundbreaking. 4.What can we learn from the passage? A. Lincoln’s success in election caused Reconstruction. B. Lincoln had tried to solve the racial problem. C. Darwin was unique compared with Lincoln. D. Darwin,s theory is similar to Lincoln’s belief. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·云南玉溪第一中学·期中）New era requires a new vocabulary. Will we still talk about the “mobile” phone when all phones are mobile, or when they are implanted (植入) within us? Technology is everywhere nowadays, especially at work. Some people are really good at using all the cool new tools that keep popping up. They have something called TQ, or technology quotient. It’s like a superpower for understanding the latest tech stuff that our great-grandparents would have found really impossible. Having a high TQ means you’re awesome at using all the cool new things that not everyone knows about yet. The examples are common and becoming more and more frequent. For the parent it might be a home-school video class. For the brand manager it might be search engine boosting. And for the clinician, it might be the role of artificial intelligence in supporting the analysis of a CT scan. TQ attempts to quantify our ability to make sensible use of current technologies and to quickly adapt, embrace and capitalize on future creations. This adoption is critical from a variety of perspectives, from social to business. One trip into the world of ChatGPT and we can see how the dynamics of AI and search are changing for just about everyone. Any Mom or Dad can understand the value of IQ and EQ in projecting the potential for a child’s success. But what about technology? The ability for the child and the teacher to understand, embrace and adopt technology will be a defining aspect of their lives as we speed into the future. We are increasingly defined by technology and our active participation in everything from smart phones to Facebook. It might just be time for the basic human needs of food, water and shelter to incorporate (吸收) technology too. And when that happens, it just might be a good idea to measure it. While this shift brings challenges, it’s unstoppable. As TQ rises, it will combine with IQ and EQ, reshaping how we live, work, and learn — turning adaptability with tech into a measurable edge. 1.What is TQ according to the text? A. Speed of learning new languages. B. Skill of fixing high-tech products. C. Talent to follow modern changes. D. Ability to apply new technologies. 2.Which of the following people has a high TQ? A. A manager who seldom uses modern search engines. B. A doctor who analyzes CT scans with AI assistance. C. A grandparent who finds new tech devices awkward. D. A mom who watches videos of her child’s school life. 3.According to the text, what is the future trend of TQ? A. It will replace the importance of IQ and EQ. B. It will combine with IQ and EQ to reshape our lives. C. It will become a basic human need like food and water. D. It will only be necessary for people working in tech fields. 4.What might be the best title for the passage? A. What Makes TQ the New Intelligence? B. Why Are IQ and EQ Important for TQ? C. Where to Start Adapting to TQ Changes? D. How Has TQ Changed in the Modern Era? 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南楚雄联考·期中）The Internet is filled with fake (虚假的) reviews, and the rise of generative AI tools like ChatGPT has made the problem even more serious. According to watchdog organizations and researchers, these tools allow fraudsters to produce false reviews quickly and in large volumes. Although writing or selling fake reviews is illegal in the U.S., the practice remains common, especially during holiday seasons when shoppers rely heavily on reviews. Fake reviews appear across many industries, including e-commerce, restaurants, medical care, and home services. Since mid-2023, AI-produced reviews have become widespread across various platforms. One tech company reported that nearly 14% of reviews in certain service sectors are likely fake, with millions being partly or fully AI-produced. Some apps even use AI reviews to trick users into downloading harmful software. The Federal Trade Commission has even taken legal action against companies offering AI tools that help create fake content. Major platforms like Amazon and Yelp are also affected. AI-created reviews often rise to the top because they are detailed and seem trustworthy. Some users post AI-written reviews to earn special status, like Yelp’s “Elite” badge, which makes their accounts appear more reliable. Companies are taking action. Amazon and Trustpilot allow AI-assisted reviews only if they reflect real experiences. Yelp requires users to write their own reviews. Many platforms use algorithms (算法) and investigative teams to spot and remove fake content. Industry groups are also working together to improve screening systems and share best practices. It’s important to note that not all AI-produced reviews are fake. Some people use AI to help say what they really think, especially non-native English speakers. Experts suggest that platforms should focus on stopping bad actors rather than preventing proper uses of AI. To spot fake AI reviews, consumers should watch for overly emotional language, repetitive terms, and nonspecific phrases. AI-written texts are often longer, highly structured, and contain overused expressions like “game-changer”. Although it’s becoming harder to tell them apart from human-written reviews, being aware of these signs can help consumers make more informed decisions. 1.What does the underlined word “fraudsters” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Real review writers. B. Fake review creators. C. Platform operators. D. Review researchers. 2.How do many platforms manage user reviews according to the text? A. By removing bad reviews. B. By keeping all of them. C. By checking them carefully. D. By encouraging more AI reviews. 3.Why do non-native English speakers use AI to produce reviews? A. To improve their writing skills. B. To express their opinions better. C. To make their accounts reliable. D. To avoid writing detailed reviews. 4.What can be inferred from the text? A. All AI reviews cheat consumers. B. Offering users fake AI tools is lawful. C. Fake reviews are legal during U.S. holidays. D. Stopping fake reviews entirely is difficult. Passage 2 （高二上·云南昆明东川区高中学·期中）Blood donations save lives. But blood can only be stored under refrigeration (冷藏) for up to six weeks. After that, it’s no longer usable for transfusions(输血). “Because of that limitation, people have to continually donate blood to meet the needs. But also, in places where refrigeration may not be available, that can also be a challenge. It’s difficult to have blood available when needed.” University of Louisville bioengineer Jonathan Kopechek says. He also says disruptions to regular blood donations due to COVID-19 have put stress on the blood supply, and COVID-19 strengthens the need for more reliable long-term storage methods. But it’s pretty rare because of all the challenges and complexities with that process. Instead Kopechek’s team has developed a method of preserving blood so it can be stored in a dehydrated(脱水的) state at room temperature. To do so, they turned to an unusual preservative(防腐剂): a sugar called trehalose, which is a common ingredient(成分) in donuts（甜甜圈）to help make them look fresh even when they might be months old, and people wouldn’t know the difference. At that point, the blood could be dried and made into a powder(粉末). And then we can rehydrate(再水化) the blood and have it return back to normal. The team is still trying to improve yields but thinks the dried blood could be stored at room temperature for years. Kopechek says the technique could be ready for clinical trials in three to five years. If successful, it could be used to create stores of dried blood in case of future pandemics or natural disasters, and for first aid work, military operations or even missions to Mars. Maybe first aid kits on the Red Planet will include dried red blood cells. 1.Why we need a more reliable method to preserve blood? A. Refrigeration can’t be afforded. B. The cost to store blood is very high. C. People can’t donate their blood for COVID-19. D. Blood can only be stored under refrigeration for a short time. 2.What makes the food or blood look fresh? A. Trehalose. B. Donuts. C. Powder. D. The new technique. 3.What can we know about the technique? A. It is successful now. B. It has been put into use. C. It will be widely used. D. It has been researched for 3 to 4 years. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. How to store blood. B. Shortage of refrigeration . C. A new technique of storing blood. D. A new technique used in many fields. 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南新纪元云贵发展中心·期中）We all know that a powerful body posture may help people feel more confident. But will it work on students? A new study by researchers from the Martin Luther University (MLU) of Halle-Wittenberg is carried out to find the connection. And it does provide evidence that simple body postures can help students feel better in school. Some body postures don’t need further explanation. When a man sits with his arms crossed behind his head, resting his feet on a table, he is probably feeling very self-confident. Arms folded in front of one’s body and a bent back, on the other hand, typically mean anxiety and insecurity. “Body language is not just about expressing feelings, it can also have a great influence on how a person feels,” explains Robert Körner from the Institute of Psychology at MLU. Research on powerful body postures tries to find out the extent to which a certain body posture might influence a person’s feelings and self-confidence. Up to now, most of the research has been about studying the effects on adults. Körner’s study is the first to examine children. “Children from the age of five are able to recognize and understand the body postures of others,” the professor adds. The researchers carried out their experiment with 108 fourth graders. One group was to assume two open postures for one minute each. The other group posed with their arms folded in front of them and their heads down. The children then finished a series of psychological tests. The children who had assumed an open posture showed better moods and reported higher self-confidence than the children in the other group. The effects were particularly manifest when it came to questions concerning school. “Here, powerful body postures had the strongest effect on the children’s self-confidence,” says Körner. “Teachers could try and see whether this method helps their students.” However, Körner states that expectations about this technique should be mild. The effects were only short-term. Serious problems or mental illness must be treated by trained professionals. 1.How does Körner feel about the short-term effects of powerful postures? A. He thinks they are useless. B. He believes they are significant enough for teachers to adopt in class. C. He argues they are too strong and harmful. D. He claims they last for years. 2.What is the new research on powerful body postures mainly about? A. What the most popular postures are. B. How children’s postures differ from adults’. C. Why body language can express a person’s feelings. D. What effects postures have on students’ feelings. 3.What does the underlined word “manifest” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Strange. B. Obvious. C. Unclear. D. Manageable. 4.What is Körner’s attitude to teachers’ applying the findings in teaching? A. Worried. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Supportive. Passage 2 （高二上·云南昆明东川区高中学·期中）Staying in hospital can be difficult for patients, often causing fear and anxiety, especially in younger individuals. These emotions can easily take over, but hospitals in Richmond, Virginia, have programs to relieve some of the stress and create moments of joy. Due to a program called Dogs On Call provided by the non-profit organization Center for Human-Animal Interaction, at the Children’s Hospital of Richmond, the sound of dogs coming down the hallway creates an atmosphere of excitement among child patients. For 21 years, the volunteer-run program has been connecting dogs with those in need of an inspiring moment. With the necessary registration steps, dogs and handlers can participate in weekly visits to the hospital. Besides the scheduled visits, parents or children can request a specific team to visit their rooms. “When a patient interacts with a dog, it can decrease blood pressure and reduce pain,” says Nancy R. Gee, executive director of the center. Their faces change just for a moment. They’re not thinking about their health situation or their pain. Just for that moment, they’re just kids with a dog. Instead of Dogs On Call, Bon Secours St. Mary’s Hospital of Richmond provides Happy Wheels, a program in which a cart full of treats and other items rolling through the halls of the hospital. The volunteer-run program visits four times a week. They go from room to room to hand out toys, coffee, snacks, and other comfort items. All of the items found in the cart are donated to the program and handed out to families in all children’s care units. “It’s an opportunity for the children to be children and to get excited about a new toy coming in their rooms, ”says Laura Gepford, child life specialist at St. Mary’s Hospital. “Besides the fevers, the medicine and all the difficult things that occur in the hospital, they have the shining of happy moments. That’s what people hold onto. ” 1.What do we know about the program Dogs On Call? A. Dogs might frighten the child patients. B. Dog visits must follow a fixed schedule. C. It gives mental treatment to the child patients. D. It is financially supported by the government. 2.What does Nancy R Gee mean in paragraph 4? A. Children care for dogs by nature. B. Children’s moods are changeable. C. Children are too young to take their illness seriously. D. Children’s spirits are lifted by the dogs’ companion. 3.What is Laura Gepford’s attitude to the Happy Wheels program? A. Concerned. B. Appreciative. C. Dissatisfied. D. Doubtful. 4.How do the two programs in the text help? A. By bringing patients comfort and cheer. B. By changing people’s attitude to illness. C. By telling people the importance of play. D. By guiding parents to better comfort kids. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·云南昆明第三中学等校-11月·期中）Plenty of scientific work proves that children, and even adults, who learn sign language, gain the benefits not only in the ability to communicate with other sign language users, but also in the wider academic world. Deaf children who learn sign language at an early age tend to perform better academically. This is partly due to their increased ability to communicate with those around them. However, it is also because sign language is not, as many people mistakenly think, a system of gestures representing words, but a complete and complex language system. Thus, children who learn sign language have already learnt about the way language works, which will help in future studies. Again, for non-deaf children and adults who learn sign language, the academic advantages spill over into social and cultural ones. Firstly, learning sign language allows the speaker to communicate with a whole new community of people and gain an understanding of how they communicate within their community. Secondly, learning a language gives rise to greater confidence for that person, as he is able to communicate with someone who may struggle to do so. And the skills of language learning can easily be applied to learning other languages but also to other academic pursuits. There can be no doubt that learning sign language is a useful endeavour for anyone — whether they are deaf themselves and live in a house with other deaf people or whether they are non-deaf and do not know anyone who is. The social, cultural and academic advantages of learning this complex language are diverse and should not be taken lightly. And, especially with children, learning a language which helps people with a disadvantage may encourage them in the future to do more — volunteering and other such work. This means that the non-deaf child can be given a sense of social responsibility at an early age and taught to embrace (接受) all people — not in spite of their differences but because of them. 1.What is sign language according to the author? A. It is a creative way of expressing ideas. B. It is a complete complex language system. C. It is a primary language of disabled people. D. It is a system of gestures representing words. 2.What does the underlined word “endeavour” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Attempt. B. Experiment. C. Incident. D. Feedback. 3.What quality can a non-deaf child who learns sign language acquire? A. Being competitive. B. Being courageous. C. Being responsible. D. Being positive. 4.What conclusion can we draw from the text? A. Learning sign language brings people an advantage of finding a future job. B. The numerous advantages of learning sign language should be taken seriously. C. Non-deaf children should learn sign language due to the differences of the deaf people . D. It’s unnecessary for a non-deaf person who doesn’t know any deaf people to learn sign language. 主题语境04 人与自然-自然生态 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南楚雄联考·期中）For Ye Jiaxing, a 32-year-old Beijing native, the sight of Chinese rose plants lining the roads always welcomes her home. Returning from business trips, she feels deeply connected to the city when seeing these flowers from her taxi. “The roses in full bloom (花期) always make me feel less tired,” she says. Chinese roses bloom for over 200 days yearly. Each spring, they transform Beijing’s Third, Fourth, and Fifth Ring Roads into green belts. According to Zhao Shiwei, Chief Engineer of Beijing Institute of Landscape Architecture, roadside planting began in 2003 to improve street landscaping. This flower became Beijing’s official symbol in 1987. Three years later, massive plantings prepared the city for the 1990 Asian Games. However, challenges appeared: short-stemmed varieties suffered from wind and car pollution because they were planted so close to the ground. “After hundreds of experiments, climbing roses proved best for ring roads,” Zhao explained. These now grow well on central dividers across the city. Chen Junqi of Beijing Gardening Bureau notes, “They bloom 3-4 times annually from Spring Festival to October, each phase lasting 10 days. In 2023 alone, 50 million plants covered 2,500＋ meters of streets and parks.” Creating new varieties remains difficult. Beijing Institute’s decade-long effort developed “Beijing Jinxi” — a cold/heat resistant champion at the International Horticultural Exhibition. Senior researcher Feng Hui emphasizes, “This variety uniquely lives through Beijing’s extreme temperatures.” 1.Why were roses planted along Beijing’s roads in 2003? A. To attract tourists. B. To study plant growth. C. To improve street views. D. To honor the Asian Games. 2.What problem did early Chinese rose varieties face? A. Too few flowers. B. Short blooming periods. C. Difficulty growing in Beijing. D. Weakness against wind and pollution. 3.What does the underlined word “They” refer to in paragraph 4? A. Climbing roses. B. Car pollutants. C. Road dividers. D. The Asian Games. 4.What can we know about “Beijing Jinxi”? A. It blooms all year. B. It needs little water. C. It grows fastest in spring. D. It survives extreme temperatures. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·云南怒江·期中）University of Hawaii scientists are among a team of researchers who have discovered an innovative way to help adapt food crops around the world to Earth’s rapidly changing climate. A new study published in Nature Climate Change reveals how plant seed banks, home to millions of genetically diverse plants around the world, can help speed up the process of breeding (培育) crops better suited for climate change. “Climate-driven pressures on food crops touch every country on our planet and this technique holds promise for making more use of our global seed banks,” said co-author Michael Kantar of the UH Manoa College of tropical Agriculture and Human Resilience(CTAHR). According to Kantar, plant seed banks are essential for protecting the genetic (基因的) diversity of food crops. These “living libraries” store seeds and other genetic material, providing a vital resource for plant breeders working to develop new crop varieties that have a range of characteristics from drought resistance to disease tolerance (忍耐力). The researchers used sorghum (高粱), a grain grown for food, fuel, and livestock feed, to test a new method called environmental genetic selection. It combines DNA data with climate information to predict which plants are best suited for future conditions. “It can be applied to any crop that has the right data, including sorghum, barley, cannabis, pepper and dozens of other crops,” said Kantar. The approach also saves time. Instead of testing thousands of plants in the field, scientists use a smaller, diverse“ mini-core” group to forecast how crops will perform in different environments. This helps breeders quickly select the best parents for new, climate-resilient varieties. “This method will help us keep pace with the hotter temperatures and increased risk of flooding from Earth’s changing climate and help develop new varieties to ensure food security,” Kantar said. Researchers discovered that nations with high sorghum use may need genetic resources from other countries to effectively adapt to climate change, stressing the value of global teamwork in securing the world’s food supply. 1.What is the purpose of the study of University of Hawaii? A. To stop climate change. B. To understand plant seed banks. C. To speed up crop harvest. D. To secure food supply. 2.Why are seed banks referred to as “ living libraries”? A. They replace traditional farming methods. B. They provide genetic resources for new crops. C. They store rare plants from around the world. D. They protect crops from drought or disease. 3.Which word best describes environmental genetic selection? A. Productive. B. Unpractical. C. Inexpensive. D. Inconvenient. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Strategies for Improving Crop Yields B. Innovative Methods for Storing Plant Seeds C. “Living Libraries” That Fight Climate Change D. The Role of Global Seed Banks in Agriculture Passage 3 （25-26高二上·云南昆明嵩明县-11月·期中）One after another, injured koalas with burned paws and singed fur were carried into the rescue center. Suffering from severe dehydration and fear, they received urgent care from dedicated staff who bandaged their wounds, swaddled them gently, and placed them in baskets equipped with a familiar comfort: eucalyptus (桉树) leaves. This heartbreaking scene became frequent as catastrophic wildfires, which have consumed millions of acres in Australia, forced the rescue of dozens of koalas from burning trees and ash-covered ground. The plight of the koala, an iconic Australian symbol, has raised serious concerns among conservationists and scientists. They are questioning how to protect biodiversity in a country already experiencing intense fires, extreme heat, and water shortage — a nation that already has one of the highest rates of species extinction in the world. Although koalas have adapted to coexist with periodic wildfires, they now face threats on an unprecedented (史无前例的) scale. These challenges stem not only from climate change but also from extensive human development. The rise of urban areas and agriculture has split the koalas’ natural habitats, isolating populations and reducing their ability to survive disasters. In some regions, koala numbers have dropped by as much as 80%, though accurate counts across the vast continent remain difficult to obtain. “The fires are a tragedy for our wildlife,” said Cheyne Flanagan, clinical director of the Koala Hospital, the only facility of its kind globally. “We have these unique animals that exist nowhere else on Earth, and we are failing to protect them. This should serve as a massive wake-up call for everyone.” The situation underscores the urgent need for coordinated conservation efforts. It is clear that without significant intervention, the future of this beloved species remains uncertain. The loss of the koala would not only be an ecological disaster but also a cultural tragedy for Australia and the world. 1.What does the underlined word “plight” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Tough situation. B. Special habit. C. Cute appearance. D. Polluted environment. 2.Why are koalas now facing more serious threats than before? A. The Australian government ignores their survival. B. Climate change and human development bring risks. C. Conservationists have no effective protection measures. D. Their main food (eucalyptus. leaves) has sharply decreased. 3.What can we learn about the Koala Hospital from Cheyne Flanagan’s statement? A. It is the world’s only koala-specialized medical facility. B. It is facing great financial pressure in rescuing injured koalas. C. It plans to expand its scale to better protect koalas in the future. D. It has successfully saved most of the koalas injured in wildfires. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Impact of Australian wildfires on biodiversity. B. Rescue of injured koalas after Australian wildfires. C. Koalas’ severe threats and urgent need for conservation. D. The living habits of koalas and their dependence on eucalyptus leaves. 主题语境01 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·云南昆明官渡区第五中学·期中）Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board. That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts. By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time. 1.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible? A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes. C. The reduction of cost in designing drones. D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas. 2.What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones. C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure. 3.What function is expected of the rail drones? A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically. C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation. 4.Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways 主题语境02 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南师范大学附属中学·期中）Recall the last time you were online. Did it build trust or leave you puzzled? The former requires appropriate digital body language. Yes, people still need to communicate non-verbally even in the virtual world. But body language — as the name suggests — is physical and therefore not easily transferable (可转移的) to the digital world. Nevertheless, it’s not as if you’re not revealing anything about yourself here — quite the opposite. In Digital Body Language: How to Build Trust and Connection, No matter the Distance, Erica Dhawan, explains what matters and how you can manage and improve it. One powerful strategy is “signaling presence”, a concept often overlooked in fast-paced digital interactions. Clearly, typing “I’m nodding along — this point is spot-on!”, rather than a two-letter “OK”, better bridges the gap between physical absence and active engagement. It tells you’re not just passively listening, but devoted — a small yet impactful way to create the warmth of in-person nods. She also stresses “tone translation” in written digital communication, where the lack of vocal signals can turn well-meaning messages into unintended ones. A casual “Can we talk later?” might read as unpleasant, but adding context like “Can we circle back to this after the 3 pm client call? I want to give your idea the focus it deserves!” softens the request and clarifies the speaker’s intention. Other key practical insights center around “digital response consistency”, “digital overcompensation (过度补偿)”, and “contextual awareness” to name but a few. As technology develops, the way we communicate non-verbally online will too. But the key principle remains the same: every digital choice — from a timely reply to a clear email subject line — is a chance to show you value their time, respect their view, and care about the connection. In a world where people often feel disconnected by screens, mastering these small, intentional acts is how we keep relationships human — no matter how far apart we are. 1.Why is physical body language hard to apply in the digital world? A. People are easily puzzled during online communication. B. Movements of real body language are invisible online. C. Digital world requires more complex non-verbal signals. D. Virtual interactions need people’s trust from each other. 2.Which of the following shows effective “signaling presence”? A. Replying “Got it” to a colleague’s work message. B. Sending “Yes” after a team’s virtual discussion. C. Typing “I agree with your analysis — really helpful” in a chat. D. Saying “Let’s talk tomorrow” during a group digital meeting. 3.Why is “tone translation” important? A. It helps avoid casual language in professional settings. B. It teaches people how to make direct and clear requests. C. It encourages people to express their true feelings. D. It lowers the possibility of misinterpreting messages. 4.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Digital acts help maintain connections despite screen separation. B. Digital non-verbal communication promotes tech development. C. Timely reply tops other things when it comes to showing respect. D. People will never feel cut off after learning digital body language. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）In 2015, students handed three yuan to a street stand for a paper cup of brown powder and hot water. Today, they queue half an hour and pay eighteen yuan to hold a pink cup capped with cheese-foam (干酪奶盖). Commerce figures show that milk tea store numbers have tripled since 2018 and market value has bubbled to 140 billion yuan. Extra cash is the main driving force: urban disposable (可支配的) income has risen fifty-five percent in ten years, giving teenagers spare coins for small luxuries. A survey adds that sixty-eight percent of cheese-foam milk tea buyers are young consumers who always stir the cheese foam, photo the fancy cup, post it online and wait for “likes” to arrive. Supply has answered with high enthusiasm: fresh strawberries flown in before dawn, tea leaves brewed every 120 minutes, apps that remember your favourite ice percentage. Higher cost, higher price, higher pleasure. The boom has poured out 1.2 million jobs, yet oversupply is already formulating: in central Shanghai twenty-eight percent of new stores close within twelve months, leaving behind three thousand tons of plastic cups of waste. Nutritionists also warn that one large cheese drink carries forty-eight grams of sugar, one point six times the daily limit, quietly turning its fans into walking balloons. To maintain the milk-tea boom, stores could push “half-sugar” menus, swap plastic for plant straws and launch return-the-cup apps that cut trash by forty percent. Stores adding local flavours such as Sichuan pepper or osmanthus (桂花) are twice as likely to survive the market. If these steps are taken, the milk-tea wave can still sweeten our leisure time without giving the economy or the planet a bitter taste. 1.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the popularity of cheese-foam milk tea among young consumers? A. The social media sharing culture. B. The appealing package of the drink. C. The increase in disposable income. D. The nutritional value of the drink. 2.The phrase “quietly turning its fans into walking balloons” (Paragraph 3) suggests that: A. Milk tea is being replaced by healthier drinks. B. People are paying more attention to their health. C. The health effects of sugar are hidden but serious. D. Consumers like the drink sold with beautiful balloons. 3.What is the author’s attitude toward the milk-tea boom? A. Welcomes it, but notes the risks. B. Being opposed to its cultural influence. C. Being supportive of its economic benefits. D. Indifferent to both its success and its problems. 4.Which is the best title for the passage? A. Milk Tea Booms and Sugary Eco-impact B. Milk Tea Prices and Teen Spending C. Milk Tea Flavors and Consumers’ Preference D. Milk Tea Shop Fading Away and Health Warnings 主题语境03 人与自然-自然生态 （25-26高二上·云南昆明嵩明县-11月·期中）The sperm whale is an astonishing creature. It’s longer than a semi-truck, weighs more than 90,000 pounds and is the largest member of the toothed whale family. It’s known to dive 6,500 feet in search of food, and to stay down there for longer than an hour at a time. Perhaps most fantastically, the sperm whale’s brain weighs as much as 20 pounds — the biggest of any species on Earth. But when it comes to brains, is size all that matters? There’s a lot we don’t know about the sperm whale’s intelligence because it’s difficult to carry out neurological (神经的) testing on such a huge marine mammal. But some clues point to sperm whales being much smarter than we give them credit for. A 2021 study published in Biology Letters, for example, looked back to 19th-century historical logbooks from whalers. Researchers found that sperm whales were at first easy to catch — but almost immediately, the whales learned how to evade hunters and whaling success dropped by 60 percent. The study suggests that the whales passed information to one another through sound waves to avoid being caught. Animals that have big brains usually have a few things in common. They usually live long lives; for example, sperm whales can live for 70 years or longer. Additionally, they’re capable of complex behaviors and they tend to be more social. Whales may work together to hunt or communicate in a language all their own. What’s more, humans, whales and dolphins all have spindle neurons (梭形神经元) in their brains. These nerve cells make us capable of deeper thought, such as reasoning skills, memory, communication and adaptive thinking. And like humans, whales have emotional intelligence—meaning they’re capable of empathy, grief and sadness. Still, in proportion to (与……成比例) our body size, the human brain is bigger than that of the sperm whale. Yet there’s still so much we don’t know about how smart sperm whales really are. And just like the whales of a century ago, we have likely been underestimating marine mammals, whether large or small, for as long as we’ve known of their existence. 1.What does the underlined part “give them credit for” mean? A. Criticize them for. B. Recognize them as. C. Doubt them about. D. Ignore them for. 2.What does the study published in Biology Letters find? A. Sperm whales were easy to catch. B. Sperm whales are smarter than humans. C. Whaling success increased by 60 percent. D. Sperm whales could convey messages to avoid being hunted. 3.Which statement is NOT true according to the passage? A. Sperm whales’ big size makes research difficult. B. Spindle neurons make higher intelligence possible. C. Sperm whales are intelligent because of their long lives. D. People know little even underestimate marine mammals. 4.What is the author’s attitude towards the understanding of sperm whale intelligence? A. Objective. B. Pessimistic. C. Optimistic. D. Indifferent. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）In recent years, labor education has become a key part of school curricula in China. Inspired by the belief that “life is education,” many schools now encourage students to take part in meaningful hands-on activities such as planting vegetables, cooking meals, and repairing simple items. A kindergarten in Henan Province recently attracted public attention for teaching children how to sift (筛) wheat and make dough — simple but practical tasks that help build life skills. Labor education goes beyond skill development. It helps students become more independent, responsible, and cooperative. By experiencing real work, they learn to appreciate the value of effort and understand that every job is worthy of respect. These experiences also support emotional and cognitive growth, contributing to well-rounded personal development. In 2018, the Chinese government officially included labor education as a required subject in schools. The goal is to change negative attitudes toward physical labor and promote a culture of hard work from an early age. However, successful programs require proper planning, safety measures, and support from parents to ensure activities are suitable for each age group. Though challenges exist, this trend shows a change in how we view education. True learning doesn’t just happen in textbooks — it also comes from doing. Through labor, students gain a realistic understanding of life, helping them grow into a thoughtful person. 1.Why do many schools launch hands-on activities? A. Schools were inspired by a belief. B. Schools were required by parents. C. The activities were favored by teachers. D. The activities were preferred by students. 2.What can we know from Paragraph 2? A. Labor education merely develops skills. B. Children should work instead of studying. C. Cooking is the most important skill in life. D. Labor education supports well-rounded growth. 3.Why is parents’ support important in labor education? A. Parents can replace teachers. B. Children only listen to their parents. C. Schools cannot organize anything alone. D. It ensures activities are suitable for students. 4.Which is the best title for the passage? A. Learning from Textbooks. B. The History of Chinese Education. C. Growing through Labor Education. D. The Challenges of Labor Education. 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. D　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍劳动教育成为中国学校课程重点及对学生成长的作用与发展现状。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Inspired by the belief that ‘life is education,’ many schools now encourage students to take part in meaningful hands-on activities such as planting vegetables, cooking meals, and repairing simple items .(受‘生活即教育’这一理念的启发，许多学校现在鼓励学生参与种植蔬菜、做饭和修理简单物品等有意义的实践活动。)”可知，学校开展实践活动的原因是受到“生活即教育”理念的启发。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These experiences also support emotional and cognitive growth, contributing to well-rounded personal development. (这些经历也有助于情感和认知的发展，促进个人的全面成长。)”可知，劳动教育有助于学生的全面发展。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, successful programs require proper planning, safety measures, and support from parents to ensure activities are suitable for each age group. (然而，成功的课程需要合理的规划、安全措施以及家长的支持，以确保活动适合每个年龄段的孩子。)”可知，家长的支持很重要是因为其能确保活动适合学生。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段中的“True learning doesn’t just happen in textbooks — it also comes from doing. Through labor, students gain a realistic understanding of life, helping them grow into a thoughtful person. (真正的学习不仅仅发生在课本上 —— 也来自于实践。通过劳动，学生们对生活有了更实际的理解，帮助他们成长为有思想的人。)”可知，文章围绕劳动教育展开，强调其对学生成长的重要意义。C项“在劳动教育中成长”概括文章主旨，可作为最佳标题。故选C项。 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南昆明第三中学等校-11月·期中）The new e-skin improves tasks requiring accuracy and force control, overcoming a big challenge in advancing technology. Unlike traditional e-skins, this new e-skin stays accurate even when it stretches. “Much like human skin has to stretch and bend as we move, so does e-skin,” explains Nanshu Lu, a professor in the Cockrell School. The breakthrough lies in an innovative hybrid response pressure sensor that Lu and her partners have developed over years. Lu sees the stretchable e-skin as an important part of a robot hand that can mirror the softness and sensitivity of a human hand. This new e-skin technology senses pressure from contact, letting the attached machine know how much force to use to, for example, hold a cup or touch a person. In demonstrations, the new e-skin allowed the robot hand to adapt to various sensitive tasks, such as accurately measuring human pulse (脉搏) and pulse waves, securely holding objects without dropping them and even handling unexpected items like coins inside a glass or pressing on a potato chip without breaking it. Lu and her team are currently exploring potential applications, including partnering to build a robotic arm equipped with the e-skin technology. They have also applied for a basic patent for the e-skin, indicating its potential for business use. In a world where the aging population exceeds (超过) the number of caregivers, the need for efficient and gentle care solutions is necessary. Lu believes robots equipped with advanced technologies like the stretchable e-skin could play a vital role in dealing with this global challenge. Beyond medicine,human-caring robots could be used in disasters. They could search for injured and trapped people in an earthquake or a collapsed building. From healthcare to disaster response, the potential is significant. With further development and cooperation with robotics companies, Lu hopes to see this e-skin technology make its way to the market, marking the beginning of a new era of human-robot interaction and care. 1.What advantage does the new e-skin have over traditional e-skins? A. It keeps accurate even when stretching. B. It enables robots to move at a fast speed. C. It allows robot hands to bend into all shapes. D. It helps robot hands control with less force. 2.What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The wide applications of the new e-skin. B. The important development of the new e-skin. C. The major challenge of the pressure sensor. D. The strong function of the pressure sensor. 3.What can robots with the new e-skin do for the global challenge of aging population? A. Reduce healthcare costs. B. Limit global business use. C. Replace human caregivers. D. Improve medical care efficiency. 4.What is the author’s attitude to the future of the new e-skin? A. Doubtful. B. Unclear C. Positive. D. Disapproving. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. D　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是说明文。介绍了一种新型电子皮肤技术，这种技术可以提高需要精确度和力量控制的任务的完成度，克服了技术进步中的一大挑战。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“The new e-skin improves tasks requiring accuracy and force control, overcoming a big challenge in advancing technology. Unlike traditional e-skins, this new e-skin stays accurate even when it stretches.(新的电子皮肤改善了需要精度和力控制的任务，克服了技术进步的一大挑战。与传统的电子皮肤不同，这种新的电子皮肤即使在拉伸时也能保持精确)”可知，与传统的电子皮肤相比，新皮肤即使拉伸也能保持准确。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The breakthrough lies in an innovative hybrid response pressure sensor that Lu and her partners have developed over years. Lu sees the stretchable e-skin as an important part of a robot hand that can mirror the softness and sensitivity of a human hand. This new e-skin technology senses pressure from contact, letting the attached machine know how much force to use to, for example, hold a cup or touch a person. In demonstrations, the new e-skin allowed the robot hand to adapt to various sensitive tasks, such as accurately measuring human pulse (脉搏) and pulse waves, securely holding objects without dropping them and even handling unexpected items like coins inside a glass or pressing on a potato chip without breaking it.(这一突破在于Lu和她的合作伙伴多年来开发的一种创新的混合响应压力传感器。卢认为这种可拉伸的电子皮肤是机器人手的重要组成部分，可以模仿人手的柔软和敏感。这种新的电子皮肤技术可以感知接触产生的压力，让附着的机器知道要用多大的力来抓取杯子或触摸人。在演示中，这种新型电子皮肤可以让机器人手适应各种敏感的任务，比如精确测量人体脉搏和脉搏波，安全地握住物体而不掉下来，甚至处理意想不到的东西，比如玻璃杯里的硬币，或者按压薯片而不打碎)”可知，本段主要讲述了新型电子皮肤的重要发展。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In a world where the aging population exceeds (超过) the number of caregivers, the need for efficient and gentle care solutions is necessary. Lu believes robots equipped with advanced technologies like the stretchable e-skin could play a vital role in dealing with this global challenge.(在一个老龄化人口超过护理人员数量的世界，需要有效和温和的护理解决方案是必要的。卢认为，配备了可伸缩电子皮肤等先进技术的机器人可以在应对这一全球性挑战方面发挥至关重要的作用)”可知，拥有新型电子皮肤的机器人能为全球人口老龄化的挑战提高医疗效率。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Beyond medicine,human-caring robots could be used in disasters. They could search for injured and trapped people in an earthquake or a collapsed building. From healthcare to disaster response, the potential is significant. With further development and cooperation with robotics companies, Lu hopes to see this e-skin technology make its way to the market, marking the beginning of a new era of human-robot interaction and care.(除了医学，人类关怀机器人还可以用于灾难中。他们可以在地震或倒塌的建筑物中搜寻受伤和被困的人。从医疗保健到灾难响应，潜力巨大。随着与机器人公司的进一步发展和合作，卢希望看到这种电子皮肤技术进入市场，标志着人机交互和护理新时代的开始)”可知，作者认为，新型电子皮肤除了在医学领域的使用，还可以用于灾难中，潜力巨大，所以是乐观的态度。故选C项。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·云南师范大学附属中学·期中）Scrat, the famous squirrel in Ice Age, is small with brown fur and big, determined eyes. Though he rarely speaks, his silly, stubborn efforts make him a lovely, unforgettable part of the movie. And now, Salto the robot is acting a bit squirrelly. It can take a flying leap and land on a narrow pipe, just like a squirrel soaring from branch to branch. It’s the first time scientists have been able to get a robot to land—and balance on such a tiny target. “We’ve been inspired by squirrels,” says Justin Yim, an engineer who worked on the project at the University of California, Berkeley. The Salto team reported its new results on March 19th in Science Robotics. As nature’s acrobats (杂技演员), squirrels’ secret is exceptional balance. Their ability to maintain dynamic balance in complex 3D environments never fails to astonish engineers. High-speed camera photos reveal the movement control squirrels exhibit when making 1.5-meter jumps — equal to a human leaping over a 10-meter distance. If their jump falls short, they reduce leg force and use their swinging tail to create inertial momentum (惯性动量), correcting their track. If they overjump, they increase leg force to regain balance quickly. During landing, their front limbs (肢) absorb 86% of the impact force, while their hind limbs immediately adjust their grasping angle, allowing them to stay balanced even on the thinnest branches. In test jumps in the lab, Salto leapt from one plastic pipe to another. It successfully did this 25 times out of 30. “There’s lots of room for improvement,” Yim says. Still, Yim envisions future robots that are even more flexible than Salto. But Salto will need many more branches to catch up to its bushy-tailed brothers, Yim says, “The robot definitely has a long way ahead of it yet.” 1.Why is Scrat mentioned in the beginning? A. To show the popularity of the movie. B. To introduce squirrels’ eating habits. C. To arouse readers’ interest in the topic. D. To list the differences among robots. 2.What can be learned from Paragraph 4? A. Overjumping is a common mistake for squirrels. B. Squirrels demonstrate a high level of flexibility. C. Animals’ tails are more important than their limbs. D. Squirrels are trained to finish a 10-meter-long jump. 3.What does the underlined phrase “bushy-tailed brothers” refer to in the last paragraph? A. Real squirrels. B. Robots of better quality. C. Beloved movie characters. D. Other species with tails. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. 3D Environment Inspires New Generation of Robots. B. Nature’s Wisdom Turns into Engineering Breakthrough. C. University Research Has Drawn Worldwide Attention. D. Many Lab Failures Finally Find Their Rewarding Results. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家受松鼠启发研发出能像松鼠一样跳跃和平衡的机器人Salto，但Salto仍有很大进步空间。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“Scrat, the famous squirrel in Ice Age, is small with brown fur and big, determined eyes. Though he rarely speaks, his silly, stubborn efforts make him a lovely, unforgettable part of the movie.(冰河世纪里著名的松鼠Scrat，体型小，棕色的毛，眼睛大而坚定。虽然他很少说话，但他愚蠢而固执的努力使他成为电影中可爱而难忘的一部分。)”以及第二段“And now, Salto the robot is acting a bit squirrelly.(现在，机器人Salto的行为有点像松鼠。)”可知，文章开头提到Scrat是为了引出下文关于像松鼠一样的机器人Salto的话题，从而引起读者兴趣。故选C。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段“As nature’s acrobats (杂技演员), squirrels’ secret is exceptional balance. Their ability to maintain dynamic balance in complex 3D environments never fails to astonish engineers. High-speed camera photos reveal the movement control squirrels exhibit when making 1.5-meter jumps — equal to a human leaping over a 10-meter distance. If their jump falls short, they reduce leg force and use their swinging tail to create inertial momentum (惯性动量), correcting their track. If they overjump, they increase leg force to regain balance quickly. During landing, their front limbs (肢) absorb 86% of the impact force, while their hind limbs immediately adjust their grasping angle, allowing them to stay balanced even on the thinnest branches.(作为大自然的杂技演员，松鼠的秘密在于非凡的平衡能力。它们在复杂的三维环境中保持动态平衡的能力总是让工程师们惊叹不已。高速摄像机拍摄的照片显示，松鼠在跳跃1.5米时所表现出的运动控制能力，相当于人类跳跃10米的距离。如果它们的跳跃距离不够，它们会减少腿部力量，并利用摆动的尾巴产生惯性动量，纠正它们的轨迹。如果它们跳得太远，它们会增加腿部力量以迅速恢复平衡。在着陆时，它们的前肢吸收86%的冲击力，而后肢立即调整抓握角度，使它们即使在最细的树枝上也能保持平衡。)”可知，松鼠展示了高水平的灵活性。故选B。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“But Salto will need many more branches to catch up to its bushy-tailed brothers, Yim says, “The robot definitely has a long way ahead of it yet.”(但Yim说，Salto还需要更多的树枝才能赶上它的bushy-tailed brothers，“这个机器人肯定还有很长的路要走。”)”可知，Salto是机器人，而bushy-tailed brothers指的是真正的松鼠，因为松鼠有蓬松的尾巴。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段中““We’ve been inspired by squirrels,” says Justin Yim, an engineer who worked on the project at the University of California, Berkeley. The Salto team reported its new results on March 19th in Science Robotics.(“我们受到了松鼠的启发，”加州大学伯克利分校参与该项目的工程师Justin Yim说。Salto团队于3月19日在《科学机器人学》杂志上报道了他们的新成果。)”可知，本文主要讲述了科学家受松鼠启发研发出能像松鼠一样跳跃和平衡的机器人Salto，但Salto仍有很大进步空间。所以B选项“Nature’s Wisdom Turns into Engineering Breakthrough.(大自然的智慧转化为工程突破。)”概括了文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·云南多校·期中）Buying furniture is easier than ever. You can even order a new table and chairs online without ever leaving home. But did you ever think about how furniture is made? The process begins with trees but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest. Instead of cutting down trees and adding to deforestation (砍伐森林), Velásquez-Garcia said. “If you want a table, then you should just grow a table.” The research group found a way to actually grow plant tissue (组织) — wood and fiber — in a lab that is similar to the way cultured meat is grown. While there is still a long way to actually grow a table. The team was able to grow structures from cells from zinnia leaves. Making furniture and other items from biomaterials could eliminate cutting down trees in forests. “The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,” said Velásquez-Garcia. “This is a real chance to avoid all that inefficiency.” There are other benefits to using lab wood too. Lab grown wood can be handled to take on any shape — like 3D printing — so it may be possible to build a table without glue or screwing parts together. Beckwith, a mechanical engineering PhD student, was inspired by a visit to a farm to try to make land-use more efficient and environmentally sound. “That got me thinking: Can we be more strategic about what we’re getting out of our process? Can we get more outputs for our inputs?” she told MIT News. “I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity.” Today, the two largest uses of trees are to make wood products and paper. When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value. These researchers, like Velásquez-Garcia, are speaking for the trees. 1.What does the underlined word “eliminate” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Risk. B. Fancy. C. Remove. D. Delay. 2.What is the purpose of Beckwith’s growing furniture? A. To make large profits. B. To keep biodiversity. C. To increase production. D. To use wild resources. 3.What’s the key to protecting forests? A. Wide use of new biomaterials. B. Less use of wood products and paper. C. Making effective forest laws. D. Caring more for the environment. 4.What can we learn about growing furniture from the passage? A. It turns out to be convenient. B. It’ll cut down daily expense. C. It might have a bright future. D. It’s as important as making furniture. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家发现在实验室中培育植物组织、木材和纤维的方法和这一发现可能产生的影响。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The research group found a way to actually grow plant tissue (组织) — wood and fiber — in a lab that is similar to the way cultured meat is grown. (该研究小组发现了一种在实验室中培育植物组织、木材和纤维的方法，这与培育肉类的方法类似)”和划线句“Making furniture and other items from biomaterials could eliminate cutting down trees in forests.(用生物材料制作家具和其他物品可以eliminate砍伐森林中的树木)”可知，科学家发现在实验室中培育植物组织、木材和纤维的方法。由此可知，用这种方法来制作家具和其他物品可以消除对森林的砍伐。由此推知，划线词eliminate与remove意思相近，指“去除，排除”。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段中Beckwith的话“I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity..(我想找到一种更有效的方式来利用土地和资源，这样我们就可以让更多的农田保持野生状态，或者保持低产量，但同时允许更大的生物多样性)”可知，Beckwith种植家具的目的是保持生物多样性。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value.(当新的生物材料变得唾手可得时，森林将失去其经济价值，并将因其环境、健康和娱乐价值而得到保护)”可推知，保护森林的关键是新型生物材料的广泛应用。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The process begins with trees but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest. Instead of cutting down trees and adding to deforestation (砍伐森林), Velásquez- Garcia said. “If you want a table, then you should just grow a table.”(这个过程从树木开始，但现在研究人员发现了一种更好的方法：在实验室而不是森林中种植。Velasquez-Garcia说：“如果你想要一张桌子，那么你应该种一张桌子，而不是砍伐树木和增加森林砍伐。”)”可推知，种植家具更环保，是更好的选择，可能会有一个光明的未来。故选C项。 Passage 4 （25-26高二上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）Have you ever dreamed of seeing in the dark without high-tech glasses? In May 2025, a research team from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) turned this dream into a real product — a pair of contact lenses (镜片) that give you night vision. Human eyes can only see “visible light” with wavelengths between 400–700 nanometres. Light longer than 800 nanometres is called infrared light (红外线), which our eyes cannot detect. The new lenses are made of the same soft plastic used in common contact lenses, but they contain special nanoparticles (纳米颗粒) only 45 nanometres across. These nanoparticles are made of gold and rare metals. When infrared light hits them, they transform the invisible light into visible colours such as red, green or blue, which enables infrared light to be a language our eyes can understand. The team first put the lenses on mice. In a dark box, the animals could clearly avoid areas lit by infrared LEDs, showing they “felt” the light. Brain scans also proved that their visual cortex was active. Volunteers then wore the lenses in a dark room. They could detect flashing infrared signals and even tell the direction of the light source. Interestingly, the lenses worked better when the eyes were closed, because infrared light can flash through eyelids more easily than visible light. At present the lenses can only pick up strong infrared light, such as that from LEDs. Pictures look blurry because the nanoparticles scatter light. The team is now trying to sharpen the image and make the lenses sensitive to weaker infrared rays, like the heat given off by a human body. With further development, these battery-free, paper-thin lenses may truly give ordinary people “superhuman” sight. Soldiers and firefighters could move safely at night without bulky glasses; surgeons might see infrared markers inside the body directly; drivers may one day read infrared road signs in fog. Colour-blind users could even experience new colours by changing the nanoparticles. 1.The nanoparticles inside the lenses are mainly used to ________. A. protect the eye from bright light B. make the lenses softer and cheaper C. shift infrared light into visible colours D. program soft plastic into a certain language 2.The lenses performed better with closed eyes because ________. A. eyelids block infrared light less than visible light B. volunteers felt more relaxed in complete darkness C. closing eyes increases the speed of nanoparticles D. brain scans work only when the eyes are closed 3.How does the author mainly introduce the new invention? A. By analyzing the cause and effect. B. By interviewing the research team. C. By listing numbers without comments. D. By giving examples and explanations. 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To advertise a new brand of nanoparticles. B. To explain how night-vision lenses work and their future. C. To compare different night-vision devices used in daily life. D. To warn readers about the possible dangers of nanoparticles. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国科学技术大学团队研发的夜视隐形眼镜，阐述了其工作原理、实验情况、当前局限及未来应用前景。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“These nanoparticles are made of gold and rare metals. When infrared light hits them, they transform the invisible light into visible colours such as red, green or blue, which enables infrared light to be a language our eyes can understand. (这些纳米颗粒由金和稀有金属制成。当红外线照射到它们时，它们会将不可见的光转化为可见的颜色，如红色、绿色或蓝色，这使得红外线成为我们眼睛能够理解的语言。)”可知，镜片内的纳米颗粒主要用于将红外线转化为可见颜色。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Interestingly, the lenses worked better when the eyes were closed, because infrared light can flash through eyelids more easily than visible light. (有趣的是，当眼睛闭上时，镜片的效果更好，因为红外光比可见光更容易穿透眼睑。)”可知，隐形眼镜在闭着眼睛时效果更好是因为眼睑对红外线的阻挡比可见光少。故选A项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中“When infrared light hits them, they transform the invisible light into visible colours such as red, green or blue, which enables infrared light to be a language our eyes can understand.(当红外线照射到它们时，它们会将不可见的光转化为可见的颜色，如红色、绿色或蓝色，这使得红外线成为我们眼睛能够理解的语言。)”可知，作者解释了隐形眼镜的工作原理；根据第三段中“The team first put the lenses on mice. In a dark box, the animals could clearly avoid areas lit by infrared LEDs, showing they “felt” the light. Brain scans also proved that their visual cortex was active. Volunteers then wore the lenses in a dark room. They could detect flashing infrared signals and even tell the direction of the light source. (研究团队首先将这种镜片给老鼠戴上。在一个黑暗的箱子里，这些老鼠能够清晰地避开被红外LED照亮的区域，这表明它们“感知”到了光线。脑部扫描也证实它们的视觉皮层处于活跃状态。随后，志愿者在黑暗的房间里戴上了这种镜片。他们能够探测到闪烁的红外信号，甚至能分辨出光源的方向。)”可知，作者通过列举老鼠和志愿者的实验例子来说明隐形眼镜的效果，即作者主要通过举例和解释来介绍这项新发明。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“In May 2025, a research team from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) turned this dream into a real product — a pair of contact lenses (镜片) that give you night vision. (2025年5月，中国科学技术大学的一个研究团队将这一梦想变成了一款真实的产品 —— 一副能让你拥有夜视能力的隐形眼镜。)”以及最后一段“With further development, these battery-free, paper-thin lenses may truly give ordinary people “superhuman” sight. Soldiers and firefighters could move safely at night without bulky glasses; surgeons might see infrared markers inside the body directly; drivers may one day read infrared road signs in fog. Colour-blind users could even experience new colours by changing the nanoparticles. (随着进一步的发展，这些无需电池、薄如纸张的镜片或许能真正赋予普通人“超人”般的视力。士兵和消防员无需佩戴笨重的眼镜就能在夜间安全行动；外科医生或许可以直接看到体内的红外标记；司机有朝一日可能在雾中读取红外路标。色盲者甚至可以通过改变纳米颗粒来体验新的色彩。)”可知，文章的主要目的是向读者介绍夜视隐形眼镜的工作原理和未来的应用前景。故选B项。 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·云南楚雄联考·期中）Listening to music by yourself might not seem like a social activity, but researchers have published a study that suggests how doing so can have valuable social benefits. “It’s a great way to give yourself a social improvement and increase your well-being,” says Elaine Paravati, the study’s author, who conducted the research while completing her research at the University at Buffalo. The study’s view, however, differs from a lot of previous researches on the social aspects of music, which often focus on how music brings people together, as listeners and performers. Paravati instead looked at music enjoyed in isolation (孤立). Humans have a basic need to belong, which strongly motivates our behavior. Failing to connect with others can lead to depression, anxiety and low self-esteem (自尊). There are traditional ways to fill this need, like spending time with family and friends, but there are non-traditional ways as well, like activities that might not be immediately recognized as social. These are known as social surrogates (替代), which can help with loneliness, isolation and social threats, like rejection, just as well as time spent with others. Examples include forming one-sided bonds with celebrities, engaging in virtual social worlds, and surrounding oneself with reminders of loved ones. “Listening to music alone operates as a social surrogate along all three of those pathways,” says Paravati. “We found that listening to one’s favorite music helped individuals feel less lonely,” says Paravati. “But someone’s favorite music was more effective at this than just listening to music in general. In other words, there is something special about putting on your favorite song and jamming out.” Paravati says future research might explore the impact of music styles or the individual differences among the three surrogate pathways and which might be more important than the other two. 1.What might previous research on music’s social role most probably ignore? A. Music’s physical health benefits. B. Private listening as social connection. C. Differences between music styles. D. Music’s impact on workplace efficiency. 2.How does favorite music help according to Paravati? A. By improving memory. B. By replacing social activities. C. By reducing feelings of loneliness. D. By increasing professional skills. 3.What does Paravati’s suggestion for future research imply about her current findings? A. They are only applicable to young people. B. They may not cover all key parts. C. They require more real-life cases checking. D. They think too highly of music’s anti-loneliness effect. 4.What could be the best title for the text? A. Music Types Matter. B. Share Music, Share Joy. C. Alone with Your Favorite Songs. D. Concerts Beat Loneliness. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了帕拉瓦蒂的一项研究，发现独自听音乐是一种社会替代方式，能减少孤独感，特别是听自己喜欢的音乐效果更佳。文章还指出未来研究应探索音乐风格和个人差异的影响。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The study’s view, however, differs from a lot of previous researches on the social aspects of music, which often focus on how music brings people together, as listeners and performers. Paravati instead looked at music enjoyed in isolation (孤立). (然而，这项研究的观点与以往许多关于音乐社会方面的研究不同，后者往往关注音乐如何作为听众和表演者将人们聚集在一起。帕拉瓦蒂研究的是孤立状态下欣赏的音乐。)”可知，以往关于音乐社会角色的研究很可能忽略了独自听音乐的社交功能。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第六段“‘We found that listening to one’s favorite music helped individuals feel less lonely,’ says Paravati. (帕拉瓦蒂说：“我们发现，听自己喜欢的音乐有助于减少个人的孤独感。”)”可知，根据帕拉瓦蒂的说法，喜欢的音乐通过减少孤独感来帮助人们。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Paravati says future research might explore the impact of music styles or the individual differences among the three surrogate pathways and which might be more important than the other two. (帕拉瓦蒂说，未来的研究可能会探索音乐风格的影响，或者三种替代途径之间的个体差异，以及哪一种可能比其他两种更重要。)”可知，帕拉瓦蒂当前的研究结论未完全覆盖音乐类型和个体适用性等因素，即未能完全覆盖所有的关键因素。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Listening to music by yourself might not seem like a social activity, but researchers have published a study that suggests how doing so can have valuable social benefits. (独自听音乐可能看起来不像是一种社交活动，但研究人员发表的一项研究表明，这样做可以带来有价值的社交益处。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了独自听喜欢的音乐如何作为一种社交替代方式减少孤独感，并带来社交益处。因此，C选项“Alone with Your Favorite Songs(独自与你最喜欢的歌曲相伴)”最符合文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选C。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南玉溪第一中学·期中）How’s this for a coincidence (巧合)? Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln were born in the same year, on the same day: Feb. 12, 1809. Although people hardly think of them together, we want to say that they belong together. It’s not just because they are both great men, and not because they happened to live at the same time. Rather, it’s because the scientist and the politician each started a revolution that changed the world. They are both revolutionaries in the sense that both men changed the reality when they were born. They seem and sound modern to us, because the world they left behind them is more or less the one we still live in. So, considering the joint greatness of their contributions and the coincidence of their birthdays—it is hard to wonder: who was the greatest man? It’s an apples and oranges-or Superman vs. Santa-comparison. But if you limit the question to influence, very quickly the balance tips in Lincoln’s favor. As great as his book on evolution is, it does no harm to remember that Darwin hurried to publish The Origin of Species because he thought he was about to be scooped (抢先) by his fellow naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace. Lincoln, however, is unique. True, his election as the president did cause the recession (经济衰退) and the war, but that war seemed certain to happen—not a question of if but when. Certainly we know what happened after he was murdered: Reconstruction was organized and then abandoned, leaving the issue of racial (种族的) equality unsolved for another century. Surely we should not deny Darwins’ accomplishment. But their same birthdays gave us great opportunity to observe these men of their time. 1.Why does the author say Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln belong together? A. They were born on the same day. B. They lived in the same period of time. C. They started revolutions changing the world. D. They were both great men in history. 2.What does the author mean by “an apples and oranges-or Superman vs. Santa-comparison”? A. It is hard to tell which one is greater as they are both outstanding. B. The comparison between Darwin and Lincoln is easy and obvious. C. It is difficult to compare them as they are as famous as Superman and Santa. D. There is no point comparing them because they were born on the same day. 3.Which of the following can best describe Lincoln’s contributions to the world? A. Narrow. B. Objective. C. Challenging. D. Groundbreaking. 4.What can we learn from the passage? A. Lincoln’s success in election caused Reconstruction. B. Lincoln had tried to solve the racial problem. C. Darwin was unique compared with Lincoln. D. Darwin,s theory is similar to Lincoln’s belief. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. D　4. B 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了同年同月同日生的达尔文和林肯的贡献，相比之下，林肯的贡献更具开创性。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Although people hardly think of them together, we want to say that they belong together. It’s not just because they are both great men, and not because they happened to live at the same time. Rather, it’s because the scientist and the politician each started a revolution that changed the world.(虽然人们很少想到他们在一起，但我们想说，他们是属于彼此的。这不只是因为他们都是伟人，也不是因为他们碰巧生活在同一时间。相反，这是因为科学家和政治家各自开始了一场改变世界的革命)”可知，作者说查尔斯·达尔文和亚伯拉罕·林肯属于彼此，是因为他们开始了改变世界的革命。故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据画线句前文“So, considering the joint greatness of their contributions and the coincidence of their birthdays—it is hard to wonder: who was the greatest man?”可知，考虑到他们共同的伟大贡献和生日的巧合，很难说他俩谁更伟大，由此可知，作者说“这是一个苹果和橘子，或者超人和圣诞老人之间的比较”的意思是很难说他俩谁更伟大，因为他们都很杰出，故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Lincoln, however, is unique. ”可知，林肯的贡献是独一无二的，也就是说林肯的贡献是开创性的，故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Certainly we know what happened after he was murdered: Reconstruction was organized and then abandoned, leaving the issue of racial (种族的) equality unsolved for another century. ”可知，当然，我们知道在林肯被谋杀后发生了什么：重建被组织起来，然后被放弃，使得（林肯曾致力于解决的）种族平等这一问题在下一个世纪也没有得到解决。由此判断出，林肯曾试图解决种族问题，故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·云南玉溪第一中学·期中）New era requires a new vocabulary. Will we still talk about the “mobile” phone when all phones are mobile, or when they are implanted (植入) within us? Technology is everywhere nowadays, especially at work. Some people are really good at using all the cool new tools that keep popping up. They have something called TQ, or technology quotient. It’s like a superpower for understanding the latest tech stuff that our great-grandparents would have found really impossible. Having a high TQ means you’re awesome at using all the cool new things that not everyone knows about yet. The examples are common and becoming more and more frequent. For the parent it might be a home-school video class. For the brand manager it might be search engine boosting. And for the clinician, it might be the role of artificial intelligence in supporting the analysis of a CT scan. TQ attempts to quantify our ability to make sensible use of current technologies and to quickly adapt, embrace and capitalize on future creations. This adoption is critical from a variety of perspectives, from social to business. One trip into the world of ChatGPT and we can see how the dynamics of AI and search are changing for just about everyone. Any Mom or Dad can understand the value of IQ and EQ in projecting the potential for a child’s success. But what about technology? The ability for the child and the teacher to understand, embrace and adopt technology will be a defining aspect of their lives as we speed into the future. We are increasingly defined by technology and our active participation in everything from smart phones to Facebook. It might just be time for the basic human needs of food, water and shelter to incorporate (吸收) technology too. And when that happens, it just might be a good idea to measure it. While this shift brings challenges, it’s unstoppable. As TQ rises, it will combine with IQ and EQ, reshaping how we live, work, and learn — turning adaptability with tech into a measurable edge. 1.What is TQ according to the text? A. Speed of learning new languages. B. Skill of fixing high-tech products. C. Talent to follow modern changes. D. Ability to apply new technologies. 2.Which of the following people has a high TQ? A. A manager who seldom uses modern search engines. B. A doctor who analyzes CT scans with AI assistance. C. A grandparent who finds new tech devices awkward. D. A mom who watches videos of her child’s school life. 3.According to the text, what is the future trend of TQ? A. It will replace the importance of IQ and EQ. B. It will combine with IQ and EQ to reshape our lives. C. It will become a basic human need like food and water. D. It will only be necessary for people working in tech fields. 4.What might be the best title for the passage? A. What Makes TQ the New Intelligence? B. Why Are IQ and EQ Important for TQ? C. Where to Start Adapting to TQ Changes? D. How Has TQ Changed in the Modern Era? 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科技时代下TQ（科技商数）的定义、重要性及未来发展趋势。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“They have something called TQ, or technology quotient. It’s like a superpower for understanding the latest tech stuff that our great-grandparents would have found really impossible. Having a high TQ means you’re awesome at using all the cool new things that not everyone knows about yet.(他们有一种叫做TQ，或者科技商数的东西。它就像一种理解最新科技产品的超能力，我们的曾祖父母会觉得这真的不可能。拥有高TQ意味着你很擅长使用所有那些别人还不知道的酷炫新事物)”可知，TQ指的是应用新技术的能力。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Having a high TQ means you’re awesome at using all the cool new things that not everyone knows about yet.(拥有高TQ意味着你非常擅长使用那些还不是人人都知道的新奇事物)”和第三段中“For the clinician, it might be the role of artificial intelligence in supporting the analysis of a CT scan.(对于临床医生来说，这可能是人工智能在支持CT扫描分析中的作用)”可知，使用人工智能分析CT扫描的医生拥有高TQ。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“As TQ rises, it will combine with IQ and EQ, reshaping how we live, work, and learn — turning adaptability with tech into a measurable edge.(随着TQ的提高，它将与智商和情商相结合，重塑我们的生活、工作和学习方式——将科技适应能力转化为一种可衡量的优势)”可知，TQ将与智商和情商相结合，重塑我们的生活。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“New era requires a new vocabulary. Will we still talk about the “mobile” phone when all phones are mobile, or when they are implanted (植入) within us?(新时代需要新的词汇。当所有的手机都是移动的，或者当它们被植入我们体内时，我们还会谈论“移动”电话吗？)”以及最后一段“While this shift brings challenges, it’s unstoppable. As TQ rises, it will combine with IQ and EQ, reshaping how we live, work, and learn — turning adaptability with tech into a measurable edge.(虽然这种转变带来了挑战，但它是不可阻挡的。随着TQ的提高，它将与IQ和EQ相结合，重塑我们的生活、工作和学习方式——将技术适应能力转化为可衡量的优势。)”可知，文章主要讨论了科技商数（TQ）成为新时代衡量人们利用和适应新技术能力的新标准，且TQ将与IQ和EQ共同重塑生活、工作和学习方式。由此可知，“What Makes TQ the New Intelligence?(是什么让TQ成为新的智能？)”作为标题最合适。故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南楚雄联考·期中）The Internet is filled with fake (虚假的) reviews, and the rise of generative AI tools like ChatGPT has made the problem even more serious. According to watchdog organizations and researchers, these tools allow fraudsters to produce false reviews quickly and in large volumes. Although writing or selling fake reviews is illegal in the U.S., the practice remains common, especially during holiday seasons when shoppers rely heavily on reviews. Fake reviews appear across many industries, including e-commerce, restaurants, medical care, and home services. Since mid-2023, AI-produced reviews have become widespread across various platforms. One tech company reported that nearly 14% of reviews in certain service sectors are likely fake, with millions being partly or fully AI-produced. Some apps even use AI reviews to trick users into downloading harmful software. The Federal Trade Commission has even taken legal action against companies offering AI tools that help create fake content. Major platforms like Amazon and Yelp are also affected. AI-created reviews often rise to the top because they are detailed and seem trustworthy. Some users post AI-written reviews to earn special status, like Yelp’s “Elite” badge, which makes their accounts appear more reliable. Companies are taking action. Amazon and Trustpilot allow AI-assisted reviews only if they reflect real experiences. Yelp requires users to write their own reviews. Many platforms use algorithms (算法) and investigative teams to spot and remove fake content. Industry groups are also working together to improve screening systems and share best practices. It’s important to note that not all AI-produced reviews are fake. Some people use AI to help say what they really think, especially non-native English speakers. Experts suggest that platforms should focus on stopping bad actors rather than preventing proper uses of AI. To spot fake AI reviews, consumers should watch for overly emotional language, repetitive terms, and nonspecific phrases. AI-written texts are often longer, highly structured, and contain overused expressions like “game-changer”. Although it’s becoming harder to tell them apart from human-written reviews, being aware of these signs can help consumers make more informed decisions. 1.What does the underlined word “fraudsters” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Real review writers. B. Fake review creators. C. Platform operators. D. Review researchers. 2.How do many platforms manage user reviews according to the text? A. By removing bad reviews. B. By keeping all of them. C. By checking them carefully. D. By encouraging more AI reviews. 3.Why do non-native English speakers use AI to produce reviews? A. To improve their writing skills. B. To express their opinions better. C. To make their accounts reliable. D. To avoid writing detailed reviews. 4.What can be inferred from the text? A. All AI reviews cheat consumers. B. Offering users fake AI tools is lawful. C. Fake reviews are legal during U.S. holidays. D. Stopping fake reviews entirely is difficult. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. B　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了随着ChatGPT等生成式人工智能工具的兴起，网络虚假评论问题变得更加严重。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的“According to watchdog organizations and researchers, these tools allow(根据监督组织和研究人员的说法，这些工具允许)”和“produce false reviews quickly and in large volume(快速且大量地产生虚假评论)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“根据监督组织和研究人员的说法，这些工具允许欺诈者快速和大量地制造虚假评论”，划线词的意思是“虚假评论的制造者”，即Fake review creators。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Many platforms use algorithms and investigative teams to spot and remove fake content.(许多平台使用算法和调查团队来发现和删除虚假内容。)”可知，很多平台是通过仔细检查来管理用户评论的，故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s important to note that not all AI-produced reviews are fake. Some people use AI to help say what they really think, especially non-native English speakers.(需要注意的是，并非所有人工智能生成的评论都是假的。有些人用人工智能来表达他们的真实想法，尤其是非英语母语者。)”可知，非英语母语人士会使用人工智能来制作评论是为了更好地表达自己的观点。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“AI-written texts are often longer, highly structured, and contain overused expressions like “game-changer”. Although it’s becoming harder to tell them apart from human-written reviews, being aware of these signs can help consumers make more informed decisions.(人工智能编写的文本通常较长，结构高度结构化，并包含过度使用的表达，如“游戏规则改变者”。尽管越来越难以将它们与人工撰写的评论区分开来，但了解这些迹象可以帮助消费者做出更明智的决定。)”可知，从文中可以推断出完全停止虚假评论是很困难的。故选D。 Passage 2 （高二上·云南昆明东川区高中学·期中）Blood donations save lives. But blood can only be stored under refrigeration (冷藏) for up to six weeks. After that, it’s no longer usable for transfusions(输血). “Because of that limitation, people have to continually donate blood to meet the needs. But also, in places where refrigeration may not be available, that can also be a challenge. It’s difficult to have blood available when needed.” University of Louisville bioengineer Jonathan Kopechek says. He also says disruptions to regular blood donations due to COVID-19 have put stress on the blood supply, and COVID-19 strengthens the need for more reliable long-term storage methods. But it’s pretty rare because of all the challenges and complexities with that process. Instead Kopechek’s team has developed a method of preserving blood so it can be stored in a dehydrated(脱水的) state at room temperature. To do so, they turned to an unusual preservative(防腐剂): a sugar called trehalose, which is a common ingredient(成分) in donuts（甜甜圈）to help make them look fresh even when they might be months old, and people wouldn’t know the difference. At that point, the blood could be dried and made into a powder(粉末). And then we can rehydrate(再水化) the blood and have it return back to normal. The team is still trying to improve yields but thinks the dried blood could be stored at room temperature for years. Kopechek says the technique could be ready for clinical trials in three to five years. If successful, it could be used to create stores of dried blood in case of future pandemics or natural disasters, and for first aid work, military operations or even missions to Mars. Maybe first aid kits on the Red Planet will include dried red blood cells. 1.Why we need a more reliable method to preserve blood? A. Refrigeration can’t be afforded. B. The cost to store blood is very high. C. People can’t donate their blood for COVID-19. D. Blood can only be stored under refrigeration for a short time. 2.What makes the food or blood look fresh? A. Trehalose. B. Donuts. C. Powder. D. The new technique. 3.What can we know about the technique? A. It is successful now. B. It has been put into use. C. It will be widely used. D. It has been researched for 3 to 4 years. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. How to store blood. B. Shortage of refrigeration . C. A new technique of storing blood. D. A new technique used in many fields. 【答案】1. D　2. A　3. C　4. C 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种储存血液的新技术的实验制备过程和成效以及它的发展前景。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“But blood can only be stored under refrigeration (冷藏) for up to six weeks. After that, it’s no longer usable for transfusions(输血).（但是血液只能在冷藏条件下保存6周。在那之后，它就不能用于输血了。）”可知，我们需要更可靠的方法来保存血液是因为血液只能在冷藏条件下短时间保存。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“To do so, they turned to an unusual preservative(防腐剂): a sugar called trehalose, which is a common ingredient(成分) in donuts（甜甜圈）to help make them look fresh even when they might be months old, and people wouldn’t know the difference.（为了做到这一点，他们使用了一种不寻常的防腐剂:一种叫做海藻糖的糖，它是甜甜圈的常见成分，可以使它们看起来新鲜，即使它们可能已经几个月了，而人们不知道其中的区别。）”可知，是海藻糖让食物或血液看起来新鲜。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“If successful, it could be used to create stores of dried blood in case of future pandemics or natural disasters, and for first aid work, military operations or even missions to Mars.（如果成功的话，它可以用来储存干血，以防未来的流行病或自然灾害，以及用于急救工作、军事行动甚至火星任务。）”可知，这项技术如果成功，那它将被广泛使用。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Instead Kopechek’s team has developed a method of preserving blood so it can be stored in a dehydrated(脱水的) state at room temperature.（相反，科佩切克的团队已经开发了一种保存血液的方法，这样它就可以在室温下以脱水状态保存。）”及全文可知，本文主要是讲述一种储存血液的新技术。故选C。 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南新纪元云贵发展中心·期中）We all know that a powerful body posture may help people feel more confident. But will it work on students? A new study by researchers from the Martin Luther University (MLU) of Halle-Wittenberg is carried out to find the connection. And it does provide evidence that simple body postures can help students feel better in school. Some body postures don’t need further explanation. When a man sits with his arms crossed behind his head, resting his feet on a table, he is probably feeling very self-confident. Arms folded in front of one’s body and a bent back, on the other hand, typically mean anxiety and insecurity. “Body language is not just about expressing feelings, it can also have a great influence on how a person feels,” explains Robert Körner from the Institute of Psychology at MLU. Research on powerful body postures tries to find out the extent to which a certain body posture might influence a person’s feelings and self-confidence. Up to now, most of the research has been about studying the effects on adults. Körner’s study is the first to examine children. “Children from the age of five are able to recognize and understand the body postures of others,” the professor adds. The researchers carried out their experiment with 108 fourth graders. One group was to assume two open postures for one minute each. The other group posed with their arms folded in front of them and their heads down. The children then finished a series of psychological tests. The children who had assumed an open posture showed better moods and reported higher self-confidence than the children in the other group. The effects were particularly manifest when it came to questions concerning school. “Here, powerful body postures had the strongest effect on the children’s self-confidence,” says Körner. “Teachers could try and see whether this method helps their students.” However, Körner states that expectations about this technique should be mild. The effects were only short-term. Serious problems or mental illness must be treated by trained professionals. 1.How does Körner feel about the short-term effects of powerful postures? A. He thinks they are useless. B. He believes they are significant enough for teachers to adopt in class. C. He argues they are too strong and harmful. D. He claims they last for years. 2.What is the new research on powerful body postures mainly about? A. What the most popular postures are. B. How children’s postures differ from adults’. C. Why body language can express a person’s feelings. D. What effects postures have on students’ feelings. 3.What does the underlined word “manifest” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Strange. B. Obvious. C. Unclear. D. Manageable. 4.What is Körner’s attitude to teachers’ applying the findings in teaching? A. Worried. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Supportive. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍马丁・路德大学的研究表明有力的身体姿势对学生情绪和自信有短期积极影响，及相关实验与应用建议。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Teachers could try and see whether this method helps their students.” However, Körner states that expectations about this technique should be mild. The effects were only short-term.(“教师们可以尝试看看这种方法是否对学生有帮助。”然而，科尔纳表示，对这种技术的期望应该适度。其效果只是短期的) ”可知，科尔纳认为有力姿势的短期效果值得教师在课堂上尝试，同时提醒期望需适度。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But will it work on students? A new study by researchers from the Martin Luther University (MLU) of Halle-Wittenberg is carried out to find the connection. And it does provide evidence that simple body postures can help students feel better in school.(但这对学生有用吗？哈勒 - 维滕贝格马丁・路德大学的研究人员开展了一项新研究，旨在寻找这种联系。研究确实提供了证据，表明简单的身体姿势能帮助学生在学校感觉更好)”可知，这项新研究主要关注姿势对学生情绪的影响。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“The children who had assumed an open posture showed better moods and reported higher self-confidence than the children in the other group. The effects were particularly manifest when it came to questions concerning school.(采取开放姿势的孩子比另一组孩子表现出更好的情绪和更高的自信心。在涉及学校的问题上，这种效果尤为manifest)”可知，前文已说明开放姿势的积极效果，后文强调在学校相关问题上效果更突出，因此manifest意为“明显的”，与obvious同义。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Teachers could try and see whether this method helps their students.” However, Körner states that expectations about this technique should be mild. The effects were only short-term. Serious problems or mental illness must be treated by trained professionals.(“教师们可以尝试看看这种方法是否对学生有帮助。”然而，科尔纳表示，对这种技术的期望应该适度。其效果只是短期的。严重的问题或精神疾病必须由训练有素的专业人员治疗)”可知，科尔纳既建议教师尝试，又客观指出效果的局限性和适用范围，态度是客观的。故选C项。 Passage 2 （高二上·云南昆明东川区高中学·期中）Staying in hospital can be difficult for patients, often causing fear and anxiety, especially in younger individuals. These emotions can easily take over, but hospitals in Richmond, Virginia, have programs to relieve some of the stress and create moments of joy. Due to a program called Dogs On Call provided by the non-profit organization Center for Human-Animal Interaction, at the Children’s Hospital of Richmond, the sound of dogs coming down the hallway creates an atmosphere of excitement among child patients. For 21 years, the volunteer-run program has been connecting dogs with those in need of an inspiring moment. With the necessary registration steps, dogs and handlers can participate in weekly visits to the hospital. Besides the scheduled visits, parents or children can request a specific team to visit their rooms. “When a patient interacts with a dog, it can decrease blood pressure and reduce pain,” says Nancy R. Gee, executive director of the center. Their faces change just for a moment. They’re not thinking about their health situation or their pain. Just for that moment, they’re just kids with a dog. Instead of Dogs On Call, Bon Secours St. Mary’s Hospital of Richmond provides Happy Wheels, a program in which a cart full of treats and other items rolling through the halls of the hospital. The volunteer-run program visits four times a week. They go from room to room to hand out toys, coffee, snacks, and other comfort items. All of the items found in the cart are donated to the program and handed out to families in all children’s care units. “It’s an opportunity for the children to be children and to get excited about a new toy coming in their rooms, ”says Laura Gepford, child life specialist at St. Mary’s Hospital. “Besides the fevers, the medicine and all the difficult things that occur in the hospital, they have the shining of happy moments. That’s what people hold onto. ” 1.What do we know about the program Dogs On Call? A. Dogs might frighten the child patients. B. Dog visits must follow a fixed schedule. C. It gives mental treatment to the child patients. D. It is financially supported by the government. 2.What does Nancy R Gee mean in paragraph 4? A. Children care for dogs by nature. B. Children’s moods are changeable. C. Children are too young to take their illness seriously. D. Children’s spirits are lifted by the dogs’ companion. 3.What is Laura Gepford’s attitude to the Happy Wheels program? A. Concerned. B. Appreciative. C. Dissatisfied. D. Doubtful. 4.How do the two programs in the text help? A. By bringing patients comfort and cheer. B. By changing people’s attitude to illness. C. By telling people the importance of play. D. By guiding parents to better comfort kids. 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了住院对病人来说可能很困难，通常会引起恐惧和焦虑，尤其是年轻人。这些情绪很容易占据上风，但弗吉尼亚州里士满的医院有一些项目可以缓解一些压力，创造欢乐的时刻。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Due to a program called Dogs On Call provided by the non-profit organization Center for Human-Animal Interaction, at the Children’s Hospital of Richmond, the sound of dogs coming down the hallway creates an atmosphere of excitement among child patients.”（由于里士满儿童医院的非营利组织“人与动物互动中心”提供了一个名为“狗随叫随到”的项目，狗从走廊上走下来的声音在儿童病人中营造了一种兴奋的气氛。）以及第四段中““When a patient interacts with a dog, it can decrease blood pressure and reduce pain,” says Nancy R. Gee, executive director of the center.”（“当病人与狗互动时，它可以降低血压，减轻疼痛，”该中心的执行主任南希·R·吉说。）可知，Dogs On Call这个项目它可以对儿童病人进行精神治疗。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段““When a patient interacts with a dog, it can decrease blood pressure and reduce pain,” says Nancy R. Gee, executive director of the center. Their faces change just for a moment. They’re not thinking about their health situation or their pain. Just for that moment, they’re just kids with a dog.”（“当病人与狗互动时，它可以降低血压，减轻疼痛，”该中心的执行主任南希·R·吉说。他们的脸只变了一会儿。他们没有考虑自己的健康状况或痛苦。在那一刻，他们只是带着狗的孩子。）可推知，南希·R·吉在第四段的意思是表明有狗作伴，孩子们的精神就振奋起来了。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““It’s an opportunity for the children to be children and to get excited about a new toy coming in their rooms, ”says Laura Gepford, child life specialist at St. Mary’s Hospital.”（圣玛丽医院(St. Mary 's Hospital)的儿童生活专家劳拉·格普福德(Laura Gepford)说：“这是一个让孩子们做回孩子的机会，让他们对房间里的新玩具感到兴奋。”）可推知，劳拉·格普福德对Happy Wheels项目的态度是欣赏的，赞赏的。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“These emotions can easily take over, but hospitals in Richmond, Virginia, have programs to relieve some of the stress and create moments of joy.”（这些情绪很容易占据上风，但弗吉尼亚州里士满的医院有一些项目可以缓解一些压力，创造欢乐的时刻。）以及下文对这两个项目的具体介绍可知，它们都可以给病人带来安慰和欢乐。故选A项。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·云南昆明第三中学等校-11月·期中）Plenty of scientific work proves that children, and even adults, who learn sign language, gain the benefits not only in the ability to communicate with other sign language users, but also in the wider academic world. Deaf children who learn sign language at an early age tend to perform better academically. This is partly due to their increased ability to communicate with those around them. However, it is also because sign language is not, as many people mistakenly think, a system of gestures representing words, but a complete and complex language system. Thus, children who learn sign language have already learnt about the way language works, which will help in future studies. Again, for non-deaf children and adults who learn sign language, the academic advantages spill over into social and cultural ones. Firstly, learning sign language allows the speaker to communicate with a whole new community of people and gain an understanding of how they communicate within their community. Secondly, learning a language gives rise to greater confidence for that person, as he is able to communicate with someone who may struggle to do so. And the skills of language learning can easily be applied to learning other languages but also to other academic pursuits. There can be no doubt that learning sign language is a useful endeavour for anyone — whether they are deaf themselves and live in a house with other deaf people or whether they are non-deaf and do not know anyone who is. The social, cultural and academic advantages of learning this complex language are diverse and should not be taken lightly. And, especially with children, learning a language which helps people with a disadvantage may encourage them in the future to do more — volunteering and other such work. This means that the non-deaf child can be given a sense of social responsibility at an early age and taught to embrace (接受) all people — not in spite of their differences but because of them. 1.What is sign language according to the author? A. It is a creative way of expressing ideas. B. It is a complete complex language system. C. It is a primary language of disabled people. D. It is a system of gestures representing words. 2.What does the underlined word “endeavour” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Attempt. B. Experiment. C. Incident. D. Feedback. 3.What quality can a non-deaf child who learns sign language acquire? A. Being competitive. B. Being courageous. C. Being responsible. D. Being positive. 4.What conclusion can we draw from the text? A. Learning sign language brings people an advantage of finding a future job. B. The numerous advantages of learning sign language should be taken seriously. C. Non-deaf children should learn sign language due to the differences of the deaf people . D. It’s unnecessary for a non-deaf person who doesn’t know any deaf people to learn sign language. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了手语的优势众多且丰富。学习手语可以为人们带来学术优势，无论他们是否可以听到或耳聋，这种优势还会蔓延到社会和文化领域。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, it is also because sign language is not, as many people mistakenly think, a system of gestures representing words, but a complete and complex language system.(然而，这也是因为手语并不像许多人错误地认为的那样，是一个代表文字的手势系统，而是一个完整而复杂的语言系统)”可知，作者认为手语是一个完整的复杂的语言系统。故选B。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“whether they are deaf themselves and live in a house with other deaf people or whether they are non-deaf and do not know anyone who is. The social, cultural and academic advantages of learning this complex language are diverse and should not be taken lightly.(无论他们自己是聋哑人，与其他聋哑人住在一起，还是他们不是聋哑人，但不认识聋哑人。学习这门复杂的语言在社会、文化和学术方面的优势是多样的，不应该被轻视)”可知，学习手语对任何人来说都是有好处的，因此是一项有益的努力。由此可知，划线词endeavour与attempt“努力”意思一致。故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This means that the non-deaf child can be given a sense of social responsibility at an early age and taught to embrace (接受) all people — not in spite of their differences but because of them.(这意味着非聋哑儿童可以在很小的时候就被赋予社会责任感，并被教导去拥抱所有的人——不是无视他们的不同，而是因为他们的不同)”可推知，学习手语使得非聋儿童可以在很小的时候就被赋予社会责任感。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“Plenty of scientific work proves that children, and even adults, who learn sign language, gain the benefits not only in the ability to communicate with other sign language users, but also in the wider academic world.(大量的科学研究证明，学习手语的儿童，甚至成年人，不仅在与其他手语使用者交流的能力上受益，而且在更广泛的学术领域也受益)”以及下文内容可知，文章论述了学习手语的优势，从学术优势蔓延到社会和文化领域，对聋哑人和非聋哑人，孩子及成年人来说，学习手语都是有益的。由此推知，学习手语的许多好处应该被认真对待。故选B。 主题语境04 人与自然-自然生态 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南楚雄联考·期中）For Ye Jiaxing, a 32-year-old Beijing native, the sight of Chinese rose plants lining the roads always welcomes her home. Returning from business trips, she feels deeply connected to the city when seeing these flowers from her taxi. “The roses in full bloom (花期) always make me feel less tired,” she says. Chinese roses bloom for over 200 days yearly. Each spring, they transform Beijing’s Third, Fourth, and Fifth Ring Roads into green belts. According to Zhao Shiwei, Chief Engineer of Beijing Institute of Landscape Architecture, roadside planting began in 2003 to improve street landscaping. This flower became Beijing’s official symbol in 1987. Three years later, massive plantings prepared the city for the 1990 Asian Games. However, challenges appeared: short-stemmed varieties suffered from wind and car pollution because they were planted so close to the ground. “After hundreds of experiments, climbing roses proved best for ring roads,” Zhao explained. These now grow well on central dividers across the city. Chen Junqi of Beijing Gardening Bureau notes, “They bloom 3-4 times annually from Spring Festival to October, each phase lasting 10 days. In 2023 alone, 50 million plants covered 2,500＋ meters of streets and parks.” Creating new varieties remains difficult. Beijing Institute’s decade-long effort developed “Beijing Jinxi” — a cold/heat resistant champion at the International Horticultural Exhibition. Senior researcher Feng Hui emphasizes, “This variety uniquely lives through Beijing’s extreme temperatures.” 1.Why were roses planted along Beijing’s roads in 2003? A. To attract tourists. B. To study plant growth. C. To improve street views. D. To honor the Asian Games. 2.What problem did early Chinese rose varieties face? A. Too few flowers. B. Short blooming periods. C. Difficulty growing in Beijing. D. Weakness against wind and pollution. 3.What does the underlined word “They” refer to in paragraph 4? A. Climbing roses. B. Car pollutants. C. Road dividers. D. The Asian Games. 4.What can we know about “Beijing Jinxi”? A. It blooms all year. B. It needs little water. C. It grows fastest in spring. D. It survives extreme temperatures. 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过市民叶嘉欣的视角，讲述了在园林专家们的不懈努力下，北京月季从遭遇困境到焕发新生的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“According to Zhao Shiwei, Chief Engineer of Beijing Institute of Landscape Architecture, roadside planting began in 2003 to improve street landscaping.(据北京园林科学研究院总工程师赵世伟介绍，路边绿化始于 2003 年，旨在改善街道景观。)”可知， 2003年在北京路边种植玫瑰是为了改善街道景观。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“However, challenges appeared: short-stemmed varieties suffered from wind and car pollution because they were planted so close to the ground.(然而，挑战出现了：短茎品种因为种植得离地面太近，受到了风和汽车污染的影响。)”可知，早期中国玫瑰品种面临的问题是对风和污染的抵抗力弱。故选D。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“After hundreds of experiments, climbing roses proved best for ring roads,” Zhao explained. These now grow well on central dividers across the city. “They bloom 3-4 times annually from Spring Festival to October, each phase lasting 10 days.(赵解释道：“经过数百次的试验，攀缘玫瑰被证明最适合用于环形道路。”如今，这些玫瑰在城市的中央隔离带上生长良好。“它们每年从春节到十月会开花 3 至 4 次，每次开花期持续 10 天。”)”可知，经过数百次实验，攀缘玫瑰被证明最适合环路，这些攀缘玫瑰从春节到十月每年开花3—4次，每次持续10天。此处“They”指代的是上文提到的“climbing roses”，即攀缘玫瑰。故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Beijing Institute’s decade-long effort developed ‘Beijing Jinxi’—a cold/heat resistant champion at the International Horticultural Exhibition. Senior researcher Feng Hui emphasizes, ‘This variety uniquely lives through Beijing’s extreme temperatures.’(北京研究院经过十年的努力培育出了“北京金曦”——在国际园艺展览会上获得耐寒/耐热冠军。高级研究员冯辉强调：“这个品种独特地经受住了北京的极端温度。”)”可知，“北京金曦”能在极端温度下生存。故选D。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·云南怒江·期中）University of Hawaii scientists are among a team of researchers who have discovered an innovative way to help adapt food crops around the world to Earth’s rapidly changing climate. A new study published in Nature Climate Change reveals how plant seed banks, home to millions of genetically diverse plants around the world, can help speed up the process of breeding (培育) crops better suited for climate change. “Climate-driven pressures on food crops touch every country on our planet and this technique holds promise for making more use of our global seed banks,” said co-author Michael Kantar of the UH Manoa College of tropical Agriculture and Human Resilience(CTAHR). According to Kantar, plant seed banks are essential for protecting the genetic (基因的) diversity of food crops. These “living libraries” store seeds and other genetic material, providing a vital resource for plant breeders working to develop new crop varieties that have a range of characteristics from drought resistance to disease tolerance (忍耐力). The researchers used sorghum (高粱), a grain grown for food, fuel, and livestock feed, to test a new method called environmental genetic selection. It combines DNA data with climate information to predict which plants are best suited for future conditions. “It can be applied to any crop that has the right data, including sorghum, barley, cannabis, pepper and dozens of other crops,” said Kantar. The approach also saves time. Instead of testing thousands of plants in the field, scientists use a smaller, diverse“ mini-core” group to forecast how crops will perform in different environments. This helps breeders quickly select the best parents for new, climate-resilient varieties. “This method will help us keep pace with the hotter temperatures and increased risk of flooding from Earth’s changing climate and help develop new varieties to ensure food security,” Kantar said. Researchers discovered that nations with high sorghum use may need genetic resources from other countries to effectively adapt to climate change, stressing the value of global teamwork in securing the world’s food supply. 1.What is the purpose of the study of University of Hawaii? A. To stop climate change. B. To understand plant seed banks. C. To speed up crop harvest. D. To secure food supply. 2.Why are seed banks referred to as “ living libraries”? A. They replace traditional farming methods. B. They provide genetic resources for new crops. C. They store rare plants from around the world. D. They protect crops from drought or disease. 3.Which word best describes environmental genetic selection? A. Productive. B. Unpractical. C. Inexpensive. D. Inconvenient. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Strategies for Improving Crop Yields B. Innovative Methods for Storing Plant Seeds C. “Living Libraries” That Fight Climate Change D. The Role of Global Seed Banks in Agriculture 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了夏威夷大学研究人员参与的一项新研究，研究揭示了如何利用全球植物种子库加速培育适应气候变化的农作物，以确保粮食安全。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中“A new study published in Nature Climate Change reveals how plant seed banks, home to millions of genetically diverse plants around the world, can help speed up the process of breeding (培育) crops better suited for climate change.(发表在《自然气候变化》杂志上的一项新研究揭示了，作为全球数百万种基因多样性植物的家园，植物种子库如何帮助加速培育更适合气候变化的作物。)”以及最后一段中“Researchers discovered that nations with high sorghum use may need genetic resources from other countries to effectively adapt to climate change, stressing the value of global teamwork in securing the world’s food supply.(研究人员发现，高粱使用量高的国家可能需要其他国家的遗传资源来有效适应气候变化，这强调了全球合作在保障世界粮食供应方面的价值。)”可知，夏威夷大学这项研究的目的是确保粮食供应。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“According to Kantar, plant seed banks are essential for protecting the genetic (基因的) diversity of food crops. These “living libraries” store seeds and other genetic material, providing a vital resource for plant breeders working to develop new crop varieties that have a range of characteristics from drought resistance to disease tolerance (忍耐力).(根据Kantar的说法，植物种子库对于保护粮食作物的遗传多样性至关重要。这些“活图书馆”储存种子和其他遗传物质，为植物育种者提供重要资源，他们致力于开发具有从抗旱到抗病等一系列特性的新作物品种。)”可知，种子库被称为“活图书馆”是因为它们为新作物提供遗传资源。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“The approach also saves time. Instead of testing thousands of plants in the field, scientists use a smaller, diverse“ mini-core” group to forecast how crops will perform in different environments. This helps breeders quickly select the best parents for new, climate-resilient varieties.(这种方法还节省了时间。科学家们不再在田间测试数千株植物，而是使用一个较小、多样化的“迷你核心”群体来预测作物在不同环境中的表现。这有助于育种者快速为新的、适应气候变化的品种选择最佳亲本。)”以及倒数第二段中““This method will help us keep pace with the hotter temperatures and increased risk of flooding from Earth’s changing climate and help develop new varieties to ensure food security,” Kantar said.(“这种方法将帮助我们跟上地球气候变化导致的温度升高和洪水风险增加的步伐，并帮助开发新品种以确保粮食安全，”Kantar说。)”可知，环境遗传选择法是高效的。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“A new study published in Nature Climate Change reveals how plant seed banks, home to millions of genetically diverse plants around the world, can help speed up the process of breeding (培育) crops better suited for climate change.(发表在《自然气候变化》杂志上的一项新研究揭示了，作为全球数百万种基因多样性植物的家园，植物种子库如何帮助加速培育更适合气候变化的作物。)”第三段中“According to Kantar, plant seed banks are essential for protecting the genetic (基因的) diversity of food crops. These “living libraries” store seeds and other genetic material, providing a vital resource for plant breeders working to develop new crop varieties that have a range of characteristics from drought resistance to disease tolerance (忍耐力).(根据Kantar的说法，植物种子库对于保护粮食作物的遗传多样性至关重要。这些“活图书馆”储存种子和其他遗传物质，为植物育种者提供重要资源，他们致力于开发具有从抗旱到抗病等一系列特性的新作物品种。)”可知，文章主要讲述了夏威夷大学研究人员参与的一项新研究揭示了如何利用全球植物种子库加速培育适应气候变化的农作物，以确保粮食安全。可知，C选项““Living Libraries” That Fight Climate Change(对抗气候变化的“活图书馆”)”最符合文章标题。故选C。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·云南昆明嵩明县-11月·期中）One after another, injured koalas with burned paws and singed fur were carried into the rescue center. Suffering from severe dehydration and fear, they received urgent care from dedicated staff who bandaged their wounds, swaddled them gently, and placed them in baskets equipped with a familiar comfort: eucalyptus (桉树) leaves. This heartbreaking scene became frequent as catastrophic wildfires, which have consumed millions of acres in Australia, forced the rescue of dozens of koalas from burning trees and ash-covered ground. The plight of the koala, an iconic Australian symbol, has raised serious concerns among conservationists and scientists. They are questioning how to protect biodiversity in a country already experiencing intense fires, extreme heat, and water shortage — a nation that already has one of the highest rates of species extinction in the world. Although koalas have adapted to coexist with periodic wildfires, they now face threats on an unprecedented (史无前例的) scale. These challenges stem not only from climate change but also from extensive human development. The rise of urban areas and agriculture has split the koalas’ natural habitats, isolating populations and reducing their ability to survive disasters. In some regions, koala numbers have dropped by as much as 80%, though accurate counts across the vast continent remain difficult to obtain. “The fires are a tragedy for our wildlife,” said Cheyne Flanagan, clinical director of the Koala Hospital, the only facility of its kind globally. “We have these unique animals that exist nowhere else on Earth, and we are failing to protect them. This should serve as a massive wake-up call for everyone.” The situation underscores the urgent need for coordinated conservation efforts. It is clear that without significant intervention, the future of this beloved species remains uncertain. The loss of the koala would not only be an ecological disaster but also a cultural tragedy for Australia and the world. 1.What does the underlined word “plight” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Tough situation. B. Special habit. C. Cute appearance. D. Polluted environment. 2.Why are koalas now facing more serious threats than before? A. The Australian government ignores their survival. B. Climate change and human development bring risks. C. Conservationists have no effective protection measures. D. Their main food (eucalyptus. leaves) has sharply decreased. 3.What can we learn about the Koala Hospital from Cheyne Flanagan’s statement? A. It is the world’s only koala-specialized medical facility. B. It is facing great financial pressure in rescuing injured koalas. C. It plans to expand its scale to better protect koalas in the future. D. It has successfully saved most of the koalas injured in wildfires. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Impact of Australian wildfires on biodiversity. B. Rescue of injured koalas after Australian wildfires. C. Koalas’ severe threats and urgent need for conservation. D. The living habits of koalas and their dependence on eucalyptus leaves. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了澳大利亚的野火导致了考拉的生存危机，同时气候变化和人类活动加剧了对考拉生存的威胁，呼吁人们尽快采取有效的保护措施。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段“This heartbreaking scene became frequent as catastrophic wildfires, which have consumed millions of acres in Australia, forced the rescue of dozens of koalas from burning trees and ash-covered ground.(随着灾难性野火在澳大利亚肆虐数百万英亩土地，迫使救援人员从燃烧的树木和灰烬覆盖的地面救出数十只考拉，这般令人心碎的场景已屡见不鲜。)”和划线词所在句“The plight of the koala, an iconic Australian symbol, has raised serious concerns among conservationists and scientists.(考拉作为澳大利亚的标志性象征，其plight已引起环保人士和科学家的严重关切。)”可知，灾难性的野火让考拉处于危险境地，引起了保护主义者和科学家的严重关注，plight指上句所描述的考拉所处的困境。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“These challenges stem not only from climate change but also from extensive human development.(这些挑战不仅源于气候变化，还源于大规模的人类发展活动。)”可知，考拉正面临的史无前例的严重威胁，是由气候变化和人类发展活动所造成的。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段““The fires are a tragedy for our wildlife,” said Cheyne Flanagan, clinical director of the Koala Hospital, the only facility of its kind globally.(“火灾对我们的野生动物来说是一场悲剧，”考拉医院临床主任Cheyne Flanagan说，该医院是全球唯一的同类设施。)”可知，考拉医院是世界上唯一一家专门针对考拉的医疗机构。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Although koalas have adapted to coexist with periodic wildfires, they now face threats on an unprecedented (史无前例的) scale.(尽管考拉已经适应了与周期性的野火共存，但它们现在面临着前所未有的威胁。)”和最后一段“The situation underscores the urgent need for coordinated conservation efforts.(这一形势凸显了采取协调保护措施的急迫需要。)”、“The loss of the koala would not only be an ecological disaster but also a cultural tragedy for Australia and the world.(考拉的消失，不仅对澳大利亚乃至全世界是一场生态灾难，更将是一场文化悲剧。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了考拉面临严重威胁，亟需保护的现状。故选C。 主题语境01 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·云南昆明官渡区第五中学·期中）Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board. That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts. By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time. 1.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible? A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes. C. The reduction of cost in designing drones. D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas. 2.What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones. C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure. 3.What function is expected of the rail drones? A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically. C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation. 4.Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.(无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置)”可推知，无人机在高压电线检测中的应用，为其应用到铁路线路提供了可行性。故选A。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据后文“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. (据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施)”可知，花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施”。由此可知“That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，划线词和 C项：Inspection and repair(检修)含义相近。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.(带有先进传感器和人工智能的非常小的无人机可以像副驾驶一样在火车前面行驶。凭借它们的预见能力，它们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的火车能够及时做出反应)”可推知，对于无人机期待的功能是提前发现问题。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometers of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a24/7 basis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。)”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。 【点睛】 主题语境02 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·云南师范大学附属中学·期中）Recall the last time you were online. Did it build trust or leave you puzzled? The former requires appropriate digital body language. Yes, people still need to communicate non-verbally even in the virtual world. But body language — as the name suggests — is physical and therefore not easily transferable (可转移的) to the digital world. Nevertheless, it’s not as if you’re not revealing anything about yourself here — quite the opposite. In Digital Body Language: How to Build Trust and Connection, No matter the Distance, Erica Dhawan, explains what matters and how you can manage and improve it. One powerful strategy is “signaling presence”, a concept often overlooked in fast-paced digital interactions. Clearly, typing “I’m nodding along — this point is spot-on!”, rather than a two-letter “OK”, better bridges the gap between physical absence and active engagement. It tells you’re not just passively listening, but devoted — a small yet impactful way to create the warmth of in-person nods. She also stresses “tone translation” in written digital communication, where the lack of vocal signals can turn well-meaning messages into unintended ones. A casual “Can we talk later?” might read as unpleasant, but adding context like “Can we circle back to this after the 3 pm client call? I want to give your idea the focus it deserves!” softens the request and clarifies the speaker’s intention. Other key practical insights center around “digital response consistency”, “digital overcompensation (过度补偿)”, and “contextual awareness” to name but a few. As technology develops, the way we communicate non-verbally online will too. But the key principle remains the same: every digital choice — from a timely reply to a clear email subject line — is a chance to show you value their time, respect their view, and care about the connection. In a world where people often feel disconnected by screens, mastering these small, intentional acts is how we keep relationships human — no matter how far apart we are. 1.Why is physical body language hard to apply in the digital world? A. People are easily puzzled during online communication. B. Movements of real body language are invisible online. C. Digital world requires more complex non-verbal signals. D. Virtual interactions need people’s trust from each other. 2.Which of the following shows effective “signaling presence”? A. Replying “Got it” to a colleague’s work message. B. Sending “Yes” after a team’s virtual discussion. C. Typing “I agree with your analysis — really helpful” in a chat. D. Saying “Let’s talk tomorrow” during a group digital meeting. 3.Why is “tone translation” important? A. It helps avoid casual language in professional settings. B. It teaches people how to make direct and clear requests. C. It encourages people to express their true feelings. D. It lowers the possibility of misinterpreting messages. 4.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Digital acts help maintain connections despite screen separation. B. Digital non-verbal communication promotes tech development. C. Timely reply tops other things when it comes to showing respect. D. People will never feel cut off after learning digital body language. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了数字肢体语言在建立信任和联系中的重要性及具体应用策略。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But body language — as the name suggests — is physical and therefore not easily transferable (可转移的) to the digital world.(但正如其名称所示，肢体语言是身体上的，因此不容易转移到数字世界)”可知，肢体语言是身体上的，在数字世界中不可转移，即真实的肢体语言动作在网上是看不见的。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“One powerful strategy is “signaling presence”, a concept often overlooked in fast-paced digital interactions. Clearly, typing “I’m nodding along — this point is spot-on!”, rather than a two-letter “OK”, better bridges the gap between physical absence and active engagement.(一个有力的策略是“示意在场”，这个概念在快节奏的数字互动中经常被忽视。显然，输入“我点头——这个观点很准确！”，而不是两个字母的“OK”，能更好地弥合身体缺席和积极参与之间的差距)”可知，在聊天中输入“我同意你的分析——真的很有帮助”表明了“示意在场”。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中“She also stresses “tone translation” in written digital communication, where the lack of vocal signals can turn well-meaning messages into unintended ones.(她还强调了书面数字通信中的“语气转换”，在书面数字通信中，缺乏语音信号可能会将善意的信息变成无意的信息)”可知，“语气转换”很重要是因为它降低了误解信息的可能性。故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“As technology develops, the way we communicate non-verbally online will too. But the key principle remains the same: every digital choice — from a timely reply to a clear email subject line — is a chance to show you value their time, respect their view, and care about the connection. In a world where people often feel disconnected by screens, mastering these small, intentional acts is how we keep relationships human — no matter how far apart we are.(随着技术的发展，我们在线非语言交流的方式也会如此。但关键原则保持不变：每一个数字选择——从及时回复到清晰的电子邮件主题行——都是一个展示你重视他们的时间、尊重他们的观点、关心这种联系的机会。在这个人们经常感到被屏幕隔绝的世界里，掌握这些小的、有意的行为是我们保持人际关系人性化的方式——无论我们相隔多远)”可推知，尽管隔着屏幕，数字行为有助于保持联系。故选A。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·云南昭通第一中学教研联盟·期中）In 2015, students handed three yuan to a street stand for a paper cup of brown powder and hot water. Today, they queue half an hour and pay eighteen yuan to hold a pink cup capped with cheese-foam (干酪奶盖). Commerce figures show that milk tea store numbers have tripled since 2018 and market value has bubbled to 140 billion yuan. Extra cash is the main driving force: urban disposable (可支配的) income has risen fifty-five percent in ten years, giving teenagers spare coins for small luxuries. A survey adds that sixty-eight percent of cheese-foam milk tea buyers are young consumers who always stir the cheese foam, photo the fancy cup, post it online and wait for “likes” to arrive. Supply has answered with high enthusiasm: fresh strawberries flown in before dawn, tea leaves brewed every 120 minutes, apps that remember your favourite ice percentage. Higher cost, higher price, higher pleasure. The boom has poured out 1.2 million jobs, yet oversupply is already formulating: in central Shanghai twenty-eight percent of new stores close within twelve months, leaving behind three thousand tons of plastic cups of waste. Nutritionists also warn that one large cheese drink carries forty-eight grams of sugar, one point six times the daily limit, quietly turning its fans into walking balloons. To maintain the milk-tea boom, stores could push “half-sugar” menus, swap plastic for plant straws and launch return-the-cup apps that cut trash by forty percent. Stores adding local flavours such as Sichuan pepper or osmanthus (桂花) are twice as likely to survive the market. If these steps are taken, the milk-tea wave can still sweeten our leisure time without giving the economy or the planet a bitter taste. 1.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the popularity of cheese-foam milk tea among young consumers? A. The social media sharing culture. B. The appealing package of the drink. C. The increase in disposable income. D. The nutritional value of the drink. 2.The phrase “quietly turning its fans into walking balloons” (Paragraph 3) suggests that: A. Milk tea is being replaced by healthier drinks. B. People are paying more attention to their health. C. The health effects of sugar are hidden but serious. D. Consumers like the drink sold with beautiful balloons. 3.What is the author’s attitude toward the milk-tea boom? A. Welcomes it, but notes the risks. B. Being opposed to its cultural influence. C. Being supportive of its economic benefits. D. Indifferent to both its success and its problems. 4.Which is the best title for the passage? A. Milk Tea Booms and Sugary Eco-impact B. Milk Tea Prices and Teen Spending C. Milk Tea Flavors and Consumers’ Preference D. Milk Tea Shop Fading Away and Health Warnings 【答案】1. D　2. C　3. A　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奶茶行业的兴起、原因、带来的问题以及应对措施。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Extra cash is the main driving force: urban disposable (可支配的) income has risen fifty-five percent in ten years, giving teenagers spare coins for small luxuries. A survey adds that sixty-eight percent of cheese-foam milk tea buyers are young consumers who always stir the cheese foam, photo the fancy cup, post it online and wait for “likes” to arrive.(额外的现金是主要驱动力：城市可支配收入在十年内增长了55%，让青少年有闲钱买小奢侈品。一项调查补充说，68%的奶盖奶茶购买者是年轻消费者，他们总是搅拌奶盖，给漂亮的杯子拍照，上传到网上，等待“点赞”)”可知，文中提到了社交媒体分享文化、饮料的吸引人的包装以及可支配收入的增加，但并未提及D项“饮料的营养价值”。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Nutritionists also warn that one large cheese drink carries forty-eight grams of sugar, one point six times the daily limit, quietly turning its fans into walking balloons.(营养学家还警告说，一大杯奶酪饮料含有48克糖，是每日限量的1.6倍，悄悄地让它的粉丝变成“行走的气球”(比喻身材臃肿))”可知，一大杯奶酪饮料的含糖量是每日限量的1.6倍，经常饮用会让人变成“行走的气球”，即悄悄增加人们的体重，不易被立即察觉。由此可推知，“quietly turning its fans into walking balloons”暗示糖对健康的影响是隐蔽的，但后果很严重。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Commerce figures show that milk tea store numbers have tripled since 2018 and market value has bubbled to 140 billion yuan.(商业数据显示，自2018年以来，奶茶店的数量已增长了两倍，市场规模也激增至1400亿元人民币)”、第三段中“The boom has poured out 1.2 million jobs, yet oversupply is already formulating: in central Shanghai twenty-eight percent of new stores close within twelve months, leaving behind three thousand tons of plastic cups of waste.(这一热潮创造了120万个就业岗位，但产能过剩已初现端倪：在上海中心城区，28%的新店在12个月内关门歇业，留下了堆积如山的3000吨塑料杯垃圾)”和最后一段中“If these steps are taken, the milk-tea wave can still sweeten our leisure time without giving the economy or the planet a bitter taste.(如果采取这些措施，奶茶浪潮仍能甜蜜我们的闲暇时光，而不给经济或地球带来苦涩的味道)”可知，作者客观描述了奶茶流行的现象及其经济和社会驱动力，也明确指出了繁荣背后的问题，这表明作者在认可其繁荣的同时，也关注其风险。因此，作者的态度是“欢迎它，但注意到风险”。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章第一段“Commerce figures show that milk tea store numbers have tripled since 2018 and market value has bubbled to 140 billion yuan.(商业数据显示，自2018年以来，奶茶店数量已增长三倍，市值已飙升至1400亿元人民币)”描述了奶茶行业的繁荣；第三段“The boom has poured out 1.2 million jobs, yet oversupply is already formulating: in central Shanghai twenty-eight percent of new stores close within twelve months, leaving behind three thousand tons of plastic cups of waste. Nutritionists also warn that one large cheese drink carries forty-eight grams of sugar, one point six times the daily limit, quietly turning its fans into walking balloons.(这一繁荣创造了120万个工作岗位，但供过于求的局面已经形成：在上海市中心，28%的新店在12个月内关闭，留下了3000吨塑料杯废品。营养学家还警告说，一大杯奶酪饮料含有48克糖，是每日限量1.6倍，悄悄地让它的粉丝变成“行走的气球”)”点明了高糖分的健康影响和塑料垃圾的环境问题；第四段“To maintain the milk-tea boom, stores could push “half-sugar” menus, swap plastic for plant straws and launch return-the-cup apps that cut trash by forty percent.(为了维持奶茶的热潮，店铺可以推广“半糖”菜单，用植物吸管代替塑料吸管，并推出可减少40%垃圾的返杯应用程序)提出了解决方案。全文的核心脉络是探讨奶茶行业繁荣与其带来的糖分对健康和环境产生的影响。A项“奶茶的繁荣与含糖生态影响”最全面地概括了这一核心，适合用作文章标题。故选A项。 主题语境03 人与自然-自然生态 （25-26高二上·云南昆明嵩明县-11月·期中）The sperm whale is an astonishing creature. It’s longer than a semi-truck, weighs more than 90,000 pounds and is the largest member of the toothed whale family. It’s known to dive 6,500 feet in search of food, and to stay down there for longer than an hour at a time. Perhaps most fantastically, the sperm whale’s brain weighs as much as 20 pounds — the biggest of any species on Earth. But when it comes to brains, is size all that matters? There’s a lot we don’t know about the sperm whale’s intelligence because it’s difficult to carry out neurological (神经的) testing on such a huge marine mammal. But some clues point to sperm whales being much smarter than we give them credit for. A 2021 study published in Biology Letters, for example, looked back to 19th-century historical logbooks from whalers. Researchers found that sperm whales were at first easy to catch — but almost immediately, the whales learned how to evade hunters and whaling success dropped by 60 percent. The study suggests that the whales passed information to one another through sound waves to avoid being caught. Animals that have big brains usually have a few things in common. They usually live long lives; for example, sperm whales can live for 70 years or longer. Additionally, they’re capable of complex behaviors and they tend to be more social. Whales may work together to hunt or communicate in a language all their own. What’s more, humans, whales and dolphins all have spindle neurons (梭形神经元) in their brains. These nerve cells make us capable of deeper thought, such as reasoning skills, memory, communication and adaptive thinking. And like humans, whales have emotional intelligence—meaning they’re capable of empathy, grief and sadness. Still, in proportion to (与……成比例) our body size, the human brain is bigger than that of the sperm whale. Yet there’s still so much we don’t know about how smart sperm whales really are. And just like the whales of a century ago, we have likely been underestimating marine mammals, whether large or small, for as long as we’ve known of their existence. 1.What does the underlined part “give them credit for” mean? A. Criticize them for. B. Recognize them as. C. Doubt them about. D. Ignore them for. 2.What does the study published in Biology Letters find? A. Sperm whales were easy to catch. B. Sperm whales are smarter than humans. C. Whaling success increased by 60 percent. D. Sperm whales could convey messages to avoid being hunted. 3.Which statement is NOT true according to the passage? A. Sperm whales’ big size makes research difficult. B. Spindle neurons make higher intelligence possible. C. Sperm whales are intelligent because of their long lives. D. People know little even underestimate marine mammals. 4.What is the author’s attitude towards the understanding of sperm whale intelligence? A. Objective. B. Pessimistic. C. Optimistic. D. Indifferent. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了抹香鲸体型庞大、大脑最大，2021年研究显示其能传递信息避捕，具备复杂行为与情绪智力，但人类对其智力仍知之甚少且常低估。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Perhaps most fantastically, the sperm whale’s brain weighs as much as 20 pounds — the biggest of any species on Earth. But when it comes to brains, is size all that matters? There’s a lot we don’t know about the sperm whale’s intelligence because it’s difficult to carry out neurological (神经的) testing on such a huge marine mammal.(或许最不可思议的是，抹香鲸的大脑重量可达20磅——是地球上所有物种中最大的大脑。但说到大脑，大小真的就代表着一切吗？关于抹香鲸的智力，我们还有很多未知之处，因为要对这种庞大的海洋哺乳动物进行神经学测试是非常困难的)”可知，前文提到抹香鲸大脑最大，但人类对其智力了解有限，后文通过研究证明其比想象中聪明。故划线词意思是“将它们视为/认可它们”。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers found that sperm whales were at first easy to catch — but almost immediately, the whales learned how to evade hunters and whaling success dropped by 60 percent. The study suggests that the whales passed information to one another through sound waves to avoid being caught.(研究人员发现，抹香鲸起初很容易被捕捞——但它们几乎立刻就学会了如何躲避捕猎者，捕鲸成功率随之下降了60%。该研究表明，这些鲸鱼通过声波相互传递信息，以此避免被捕获。)”可知，发表在《生物学通讯》上的这项研究发现鲸鱼可以通过声波相互传递信息以避免被捕食。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“Animals that have big brains usually have a few things in common. They usually live long lives; for example, sperm whales can live for 70 years or longer.(拥有大脑的动物通常有一些共同的特点。它们通常寿命较长；例如，抹香鲸的寿命可达70年甚至更久)”可知，C选项“鲸鱼之所以聪明是因为它们寿命很长”不正确。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet there’s still so much we don’t know about how smart sperm whales really are. And just like the whales of a century ago, we have likely been underestimating marine mammals, whether large or small, for as long as we’ve known of their existence.(然而，对于聪明的抹香鲸到底有多聪明，我们仍知之甚少。就像一个世纪前的抹香鲸一样，我们很可能一直以来都低估了海洋哺乳动物（无论是大型还是小型）的价值，而这种低估的情况可能与我们知晓它们存在的时间长度相吻合)”可知，作者对于理解抹香鲸智力的看法是客观的。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题02阅读理解（说明文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.A2.D3.D4.C 主题语境02人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.C Passage 2 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4B Passage 3 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.C Passage 4 【答案】1.C2.A3.D4B 主题语境03人与自我-生活与学习 【答案】1.B2.C3.B4.C 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.B Passage 2 【答案】1.D2.B3.B4.A 1/3 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境02人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.C3.B4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.C 主题语境03人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C Passage 2 【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.A Passage 3 【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.B 主题语境04人与自然-自然生态 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.D3.A4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.C Passage 3 【答案】1.A2.B3.A4.C 拓展培优 主题语境01人与社会-科学与技术 【答案】1.A2.C3.A4D 主题语境02人与自我-生活与学习 213 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.A Passage 2 【答案】1.D2.C3.A4.A 主题语境03人与自然-自然生态 【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.A 3/3