摘要:
本讲义聚焦八年级上册“用一般过去时谈论暑假活动与经历”核心知识点,系统梳理动词过去式(went/took/visited)、假期活动短语及询问句型(Where did... go? / Did he/she do anything interesting?),并强化/iː/ /ɪ/等元音发音。通过1a勾选活动引入,1b-1c听力理解巩固,1d口语练习运用,Pronunciation语音强化,搭配提示框、示例对话等学习支架,构建完整知识脉络。
该资料以语言能力培养为核心,设计听力摘要填空、口语问答链等活动提升表达能力,融入黄山迎客松、西雅图草莓节等文化元素增强文化意识。“节奏口诀”“问答链三步”等教学方法助力语用,课中辅助教师高效授课,课后易错提醒与语言点归纳帮助学生查漏补缺,提升学习能力。
内容正文:
Unit 1 Happy Holiday Section A (1a-Pronunciation) · 讲义
Unit 1 Happy Holiday
Section A (1a-Pronunciation) (讲义 · 学生用)
课时基本信息
课题
Unit 1 Happy Holiday — Section A (1a-Pronunciation)
课型
听说课
年级
八年级上册
课时
第 1 课时
教材
人教版(2024)英语八年级上册(Unit 1,课本 p.2-3)
主题
人与自我——用一般过去时谈论暑假活动与经历(Section A 引导问题:How do people spend their holidays?)
教学重点
勾选并表达暑假活动(1a,课本 p.2);听懂 Yaming 与 Emma 的假期对话并完成两段摘要(1b-1c,课本 p.2);用 Where did ... go on holiday / vacation? / Did he / she do anything interesting? 谈论假期(1d);朗读五个元音音素组(/iː/ /ɪ/ /i/ /e/ /æ/)与节奏对话(Pronunciation,课本 p.3)
教学难点
一般过去时动词过去式的准确使用(went / took / visited);形容词修饰不定代词的后置(anything interesting);/iː/ 与 /ɪ/ 的长短对立、/ɪ/ 与弱读音节 /i/ 的区分;节奏对话中重读与连读的语流感
新词学习
camp /kæmp/ n. 度假营;营地 v. 露营;宿营(p.2)
landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. 风景;景色(p.2)
strange /streɪndʒ/ adj. 奇怪的;陌生的(p.2)
ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/ adj. 古代的;古老的(p.2)
vacation /vəˈkeɪʃn/ n. 假期;度假(p.2)
Guest-Greeting Pine /ˈɡestˌɡriːtɪŋ paɪn/ 迎客松(黄山名松)(p.2)
Sea of Clouds 云海(p.2)
Seattle /siˈætl/ 西雅图(美国城市)(p.2)
(一)1a 勾选你的暑假活动
1a Tick the activities you did during the summer holidays. You can add more.(勾出你暑假做过的活动,可以再补充。课本 p.2)
□ took music lessons 上音乐课 □ visited my grandparents 看望了我的祖父母
□ visited some ancient buildings 参观了一些古建筑 □ went to a festival 逛了节庆
□ went to the mountains 去爬山 □ went to a summer camp 参加了夏令营
【知识点】
暑假活动短语(课本 p.2):本组短语动词均为一般过去式——take→took(took music lessons)、visit→visited(visited my grandparents / visited some ancient buildings)、go→went(went to a festival / went to the mountains / went to a summer camp)——谈论已发生的假期活动要用一般过去时。
【提示框】
过去式三兄弟先记牢:go→went、take→took、do→did;visited 只加 -ed。勾选后互相用 Did you ...? Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. 快问快答。
1a 参考答案:开放性勾选。补充示例:went swimming、travelled with my family、read books at home、learned to cook。同伴互问:What did you do during the summer holidays? — I went to a summer camp.
(二)1b-1c 听力:Yaming 与 Emma 的假期
【过渡语】听听 Yaming 和 Emma 的暑假都去了哪里、做了什么。
1b Listen to the conversations and circle the holiday activities you hear in 1a.(听对话,圈出你在 1a 中听到的假期活动。课本 p.2)
1c Listen again and complete the two summaries.(再听一遍录音,完成两段摘要。课本 p.2)
摘要一:Yaming went to Mount Huangshan with his ________. The landscape there was amazing. Yaming saw the Guest-Greeting Pine, the Sea of ________, lots of strange ________, and many ancient ________.
摘要二:Emma went back to the US with her ________ and ________. She went to a strawberry festival near her ________ house in Seattle. At the festival, she ________ some strawberry cookies and chocolates. She stayed with her ________ for ________ days.
【知识点】
黄山景观词汇(课本 p.2,词表佐证):the Guest-Greeting Pine 迎客松、the Sea of Clouds 云海、strange rocks 奇石、ancient buildings 古建筑——黄山“奇松、怪石、云海、古建”四大看点;landscape n. 风景;景色(The landscape there was amazing. 那里的风景令人惊叹)。
1b 参考答案(以课堂录音为准):圈出对话中提到的活动(went to the mountains、visited some ancient buildings 等)。 1c 参考答案(以课堂录音为准,第一段按词表 p.2 佐证推断):摘要一:1. family 2. Clouds(the Sea of Clouds 云海) 3. rocks(lots of strange rocks 奇石) 4. buildings(many ancient buildings 古建筑);摘要二:与家人回美国、在西雅图祖父母家附近逛草莓节、吃了草莓饼干和巧克力、和祖父母住了几天。
(三)1d 口语:谈论他们的假期
1d Talk about Yaming's and Emma's holidays.(谈谈 Yaming 和 Emma 的假期。课本 p.2)
支架:Where did Yaming / Emma go on holiday / vacation? — He / She went to ...
Did he / she do anything interesting? — Yes, he / she ...
【提示框】
问答链三步:问地点(Where did ... go?)→ 追细节(Did he / she ...?)→ 给反应(That sounds great! / Wow!),把两个人的假期各说成 3 句话的小段落。
示例:A: Where did Yaming go on holiday? B: He went to Mount Huangshan. A: Did he do anything interesting? B: Yes, he saw the Guest-Greeting Pine and the Sea of Clouds. A: Where did Emma go on vacation? B: She went back to the US. She went to a strawberry festival near her grandparents' house in Seattle.
(四)Pronunciation 元音音素与节奏
【过渡语】会说了还要说得漂亮,先读准五组元音,再练句子节奏。
Pronunciation(课本 p.3)
1 Listen and repeat. Add one more word to each group.(听一听,读一读,每组再添一个词。)
/iː/(e ee ea):he、she、see、need、beach、peace
/ɪ/(i):trip、swim
/i/(y):city、busy
/e/(e ea):fresh、forget、bread、ready
/æ/(a):camp、relax
2 Listen and repeat. Notice the rhythm.(听一听,读一读,注意节奏。)
1. A: How was your holiday? B: My holiday? Great! A: What did you do? B: I went to Beijing and saw the Great Wall. Oh, how great it was!
2. A: How was your holiday? B: My holiday? Really good! A: What did you do? B: I hiked in the mountains and saw the sunrise. Oh, how beautiful it was!
【知识点】
五元音辨析(课本 p.3):/iː/ 长音 vs /ɪ/ 短音(beach 不同于 British 的短促);/i/ 是 happy 词尾 y 的弱读元音;字母 ea 三种读音并存(/iː/ beach-peace、/e/ bread-ready)——按词记音,不按字母猜音。
【提示框】
节奏口诀:实词(名词、动词、形容词)重读踩拍,虚词(a、the、your、and)轻读带过;两段对话各拍手打节奏读三遍,读出“说唱感”。
朗读要点:/iː/ 长音嘴角向两边拉开(see、beach);/ɪ/ 短促放松(trip、swim)——长短对立是关键;/i/ 只出现在词尾弱读音节(city /ˈsɪti/、busy /ˈbɪzi/);/e/ 嘴半开(fresh、bread);/æ/ 嘴张大(camp、relax)。添词示例:/iː/ tea;/ɪ/ fish;/i/ happy;/e/ egg;/æ/ apple。节奏对话:实词重读(HOW was your HO-liday?),B 的反问 My holiday? 语调上扬表惊讶,结尾感叹句 Oh, how great it was! 重音落在 great。
(五)语言点精讲
1. Where did Yaming / Emma go on holiday / vacation?(1d,课本 p.2):询问度假地点的常用句型——on holiday / on vacation 意为“度假”(英式多用 holiday,美式多用 vacation);答语 He / She went to ...(过去式)。
2. Did he / she do anything interesting?(1d,课本 p.2):一般过去时的一般疑问句,肯定答 Yes, he / she did. 否定答 No, he / she didn't.——形容词修饰不定代词时要后置(anything interesting 有趣的事情,不说 interesting anything)。
3. How was your holiday?(Pronunciation 2,课本 p.3):询问假期如何——How + is / was + ...? 答语 It was great / fantastic / OK / not too bad ...(was 表过去)。
4. 感叹句(Pronunciation 2,课本 p.3):How great it was! 真是太棒了!——How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!;What 引导的感叹句为 What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!(What a great holiday it was!)。
5. landscape(1c,词表 p.2):n. 风景;景色——The landscape there was amazing. 那里的风景令人惊叹;与 scenery(自然景色总称)、view(从某处看到的景色)辨析了解即可。
6. strange(1c,词表 p.2):adj. 奇怪的;陌生的——lots of strange rocks 奇石;be strange to sb. 对某人来说陌生。
7. ancient(1c,词表 p.2):adj. 古代的;古老的——many ancient buildings 许多古建筑;an ancient town 一座古镇。
【知识点】
本课高频考点:① 一般过去时的疑问与否定(Did ... do ...? / didn't);② anything / something 的选用与形容词后置;③ How ...! 与 What ...! 感叹句结构;④ on holiday / on vacation 介词搭配。
【提示框】
易错:Where did you went(×)→ Where did you go(did 后动词原形);anything interesting 写成 interesting anything(×);How great it was! 中 How 后直接接形容词,不加 is/was 在形容词前。
易错提醒
过去式三兄弟先记牢:go→went、take→took、do→did;visited 只加 -ed。勾选后互相用 Did you ...? Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. 快问快答。
问答链三步:问地点(Where did ... go?)→ 追细节(Did he / she ...?)→ 给反应(That sounds great! / Wow!),把两个人的假期各说成 3 句话的小段落。
节奏口诀:实词(名词、动词、形容词)重读踩拍,虚词(a、the、your、and)轻读带过;两段对话各拍手打节奏读三遍,读出“说唱感”。
易错:Where did you went(×)→ Where did you go(did 后动词原形);anything interesting 写成 interesting anything(×);How great it was! 中 How 后直接接形容词,不加 is/was 在形容词前。
答题技巧
听力抓词:摘要抓名词(family、Clouds、rocks、buildings、house、cookies、days)与动词过去式(ate / tried);第一段四个空都在 “saw the ... / strange ... / many ancient ...” 结构后,按修饰词锁定名词。
语言点归纳
语言点精讲:本课是八年级的开篇课:一般过去时从“能认”走向“能用”,假期活动短语是素材库,Where did ... go? / Did ... do ...? 是主问句。建议用 1c 的两段摘要做复述模板,用 1d 的问答链做口语输出——下一课时将读 Peter 的云南对话,把“问了什么、答了什么”整理成一张表格。
课堂总结
本课时(课本 p.2-3)围绕“假期”展开(Section A 引导问题:How do people spend their holidays?):1a 勾选自己暑假做过的活动(上音乐课、看望祖父母、参观古建筑、逛节庆、爬山、参加夏令营);1b-1c 听两段对话,圈出听到的活动并补全两段摘要——Yaming 和家人去黄山,看到了迎客松、云海、奇石和古建筑;Emma 随家人回美国,在西雅图(Seattle)外婆家附近逛草莓节,吃了草莓饼干和巧克力,和祖父母住了几天;1d 用 Where did Yaming / Emma go on holiday / vacation? 等句型谈论两人的假期;Pronunciation 朗读五个元音音素组(/iː/ he-see-beach、/ɪ/ trip-swim、/i/ city-busy、/e/ fresh-bread、/æ/ camp-relax)并每组添一词,再听读两段节奏对话(How was your holiday?)感受句子重音与语流节奏。
随堂笔记
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