Unit 1 Section B 单词讲义 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

本讲义围绕“Happy Holiday”主题，系统梳理32个核心词汇及短语，涵盖名词（victory, artwork）、动词（fight, remind）、形容词（victorious, forgetful）等，通过词形变化（如Russia→Russian）、固定搭配（gain a victory, fight against）和例句构建学习支架，衔接基础练习（词汇填空、适当形式填空）与语境应用。 该资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，如核心考点中bored/boring辨析、forget to do/doing用法对比，提升语言理解与表达能力。通过“语境练词汇”“课文改编”等环节，结合真实假期情境（如旅行、志愿者活动），引导学生在应用中巩固知识，课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生查漏补缺，培养自主学习能力。

Unit 1 Happy Holiday Section B What can we learn from holiday experience? 1.victory /ˈvɪktəri/n. 胜利；成功 →victorious adj. 胜利的；获胜的 搭配：gain/win a victory 取得胜利；a victory over sb 战胜某人 例句：We won a great victory in the game. 2. Russian /ˈrʌʃn/adj. 俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人的；n. 俄罗斯人；俄语 →Russia n. 俄罗斯 搭配：Russian culture 俄罗斯文化；speak Russian 说俄语 例句：This Russian boy loves Chinese history. 3.fight /faɪt/v.(fought /fɔːt/) 打仗；打架；n. 战斗；搏斗；斗争 →fought (过去式 / 过去分词)；fighting adj. 好斗的 n. 打斗 固定搭配：fight against sb/sth 与…… 作战；fight for 为…… 而战；fight with sb 和某人打架 / 并肩作战 例句：They fought against the enemy bravely. 4.against /əˈɡenst/prep. 反对；与…… 相反；紧靠 固定搭配：fight against 对抗；be against 反对；lean against the wall 靠在墙上 例句：No one is against this good plan. 5.artwork /ˈɑːtwɜːk/n. 艺术作品；插图 搭配：a piece of artwork 一件艺术作品 例句：There are many great artworks in this museum. 6.thousands of 数以千计的；成千上万的 例句：Thousands of visitors come here every year. 7.tear /tɪə(r)/n. 眼泪；泪水 →teary adj. 含泪的；tear /teə(r)/v. 撕碎 搭配：in tears 流着泪；burst into tears 突然大哭 例句：Her eyes were full of tears. 8. remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/v. 提醒；使想起 固定搭配：remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事；remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 例句：This photo reminds me of my happy childhood. 9. peace /piːs/n. 和平；太平 →peaceful adj. 和平的；安宁的；peacefully adv. 和平地 固定搭配：in peace 和平地；live in peace 和睦相处 例句：All people hope to live in peace. 10.easily /ˈiːzəli/adv. 容易地；轻易地 →easy adj. 容易的；easier (比较级)；easiest (最高级) 搭配：do sth easily 做某事很轻松 例句：He can finish this task easily. 11.forget /fəˈɡet/v.(forgot /fəˈɡɒt/) 忘记；遗忘 →forgot (过去式)；forgotten (过去分词)；forgetful adj. 健忘的 固定搭配：forget to do sth 忘记要去做（未做）；forget doing sth 忘记做过（已做） 例句：Don’t forget to bring your notebook tomorrow. 12.noon /nuːn/n. 正午；中午 固定搭配：at noon 在正午 例句：We will meet at noon tomorrow. 13. sick /sɪk/adj. 恶心的；生病的 →sickness n. 疾病；恶心 固定搭配：fall sick 生病；feel sick 感觉恶心 例句：He stayed at home because he was sick. 14. metro /ˈmetrəʊ/n. 地下铁道系统 搭配：take the metro 乘坐地铁 例句：I often take the metro to go to school. 15.station /ˈsteɪʃn/n. 车站；所；局 搭配：train station 火车站；metro station 地铁站；police station 警察局 例句：Wait for me at the metro station. 16.palace /ˈpæləs/n. 王宫；宫殿 搭配：the Summer Palace 颐和园 例句：This old palace has a long history. 17. accordion /əˈkɔːdiən/n. 手风琴 固定搭配：play the accordion 拉手风琴 例句：She can play the accordion very well. 18. get together 聚会；相聚 例句：Our family get together every Spring Festival. 19. in the sun 在阳光下 例句：Don’t read books in the sun. It’s bad for your eyes. 20.tower /ˈtaʊə(r)/n. 塔；塔楼 搭配：the TV tower 电视塔 例句：We can see a high stone tower over there. 21. might /maɪt/modal v. 可能；可以 →may (原形)；might (过去式 / 委婉推测) 用法：表示可能性较小推测，“也许，可能” 例句：It might rain this afternoon. 22. budget /ˈbʌdʒɪt/n. 预算；v. 把…… 编入预算；精打细算 固定搭配：make a budget 做预算；budget for sth 为…… 编制预算 例句：We need to make a travel budget. 23.passport /ˈpɑːspɔːt/n. 护照 搭配：show your passport 出示护照 例句：You must take your passport when you go abroad. 24.forgetful /fəˈɡetfl/adj. 健忘的；好忘事的 →forget v. 忘记；forgetfulness n. 健忘 搭配：be forgetful of sth 容易忘记某事 例句：My grandma is forgetful sometimes. 25. faraway /ˈfɑːrəweɪ/adj. 远方的；遥远的 搭配：a faraway village 遥远的村庄 例句：He comes from a faraway small town. 26. regular /ˈreɡjələ(r)/adj. 平常的；有规律的 →regularly adv. 定期地；有规律地；regularity n. 规律性 搭配：regular life 规律的生活；regular exercise 定期锻炼 例句：Doing regular exercise is good for your health. 27. countryside /ˈkʌntrisaɪd/n. 乡村；农村 →country n. 国家；乡下 搭配：in the countryside 在乡下 例句：My grandparents live in the countryside. 28.turn around 转身；翻转 例句：When I called him, he turned around at once. 29. surprised /səˈpraɪzd/adj. 惊奇的；惊讶的 →surprise n. 惊喜 v. 使惊讶；surprising adj. 令人惊讶的 固定搭配：be surprised at sth 对…… 感到惊讶；be surprised to do sth 惊讶地做某事 例句：I was surprised to see him here. 30. deer /dɪə(r)/n.(pl. deer) 鹿 →复数不变 deer 搭配：a group of deer 一群鹿 例句：We saw many deer in the forest. 31. probably /ˈprɒbəbli/adv. 很可能；大概 →probable adj. 很可能的；probability n. 可能性 例句：He will probably arrive before eight o’clock. 32.look for 寻找 辨析：look for 强调 “寻找” 动作；find 强调 “找到” 结果 例句：She is looking for her lost key. A 基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。 1. We are sure we can live in ________ (和平) with our neighbours. 2. In Sweden, it is ________ (违反) the law (法律) to hit a child. 3. The king lived in a large and beautiful ________ (宫殿). 4. The farm is about 50 or 60 ________ (平方的) kilometres in the area. 5. The ________ (艺术作品) in this museum are from different countries. Ⅱ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 6. The teacher always ________ (remind) us that we should work hard. 7. Luo Yang is a clever boy. He always learns things quickly and ________ (easy). 8. I live in a busy street, and there are three subway ________ (station) near my home. 9. How careless Jimmy is! He forgot ________ (write) his name on the test paper again. 10. The old farmer felt like ________ (get) a big house very much. Ⅲ. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 during sick tear Russia victory 11. Miss Green looks sleepy. That's because she stayed up late to look after her ________ mother. 12. We are going to have a party to celebrate the ________ of the basketball game. 13. We visited Mount Lu and had great fun ________ the winter holiday. 14. She is learning ________ because she wants to study in Moscow next year. 15. When I heard the sad story, ________ quietly ran down my face. Ⅳ. 完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。 16. 我们班想与学校里乱扔垃圾的问题作斗争。 Our class wanted to ________ the problem of littering in our school. 17. 同学们折了成千上万只纸星星。 Students made ________ paper stars. 18. 周五我们聚在一起展示我们的作品。 On Friday, we all ________ to show our work. 19. 这件最好的艺术品获奖了。 The best ________ won a prize. 20. 一群老师帮忙选出了获胜者。 ________ teachers helped choose the winner. Ⅴ. 阅读理解。 阅读下面短文，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。 I went to England last year. I enjoyed my stay, and I noticed something interesting with the English way of life. For example, you must say Mr or Mrs when you meet someone for the first time. When you get to know each other better or when they ask you to, you can just use their first names. One day, we visited some friends and had afternoon tea together. Afternoon tea is not just a drink but a light meal at around 4 p. m. We ate sandwiches and a large fruit cake. In England, you usually drink tea with milk. So I tried to drink tea with milk too. Fish and chips is traditional food in England. You can buy it and eat it in special fish and chip shops on the high street, or you can take it away and eat it with your fingers! It is delicious! At the bus stop, you must not push (推) your way onto the bus. You need to stand in a line and wait your turn. Sometimes people are slow to get on the bus. Once I noticed a gentleman touched a young man on the shoulder (肩膀), smiled politely and said,“Excuse me! Are you waiting for this bus?” He was really polite. ( )21. What should you do in England? A. Eat fish and chips with knives. B. Push someone to get on the bus. C. Stand in a line when you are waiting for a bus. D. Call someone's first name when you first meet him or her. ( )22. How does the writer show English people are polite? A By giving an example. B. By using some numbers. C. By asking questions. D. By telling a story. ( )23. What can we know from the text? A. The writer went to England two years ago. B. English people usually drink tea with nothing. C. English people can use the first name when they meet for the first time. D. Fish and chips is traditional food in England. ( )25. What is the best title for the text? A. English Transportation B. Traditional English Food C. My Experiences in England D. Things That You Shouldn't Do in England 基础过关 Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。 1. From the top of the ________ (塔), you can see the whole city. 2. Before going on a trip, my parents and I sit down together to make a ________ (预算). 3. When people go abroad (出国),they have to bring their ________ (护照) with them. 4. In the ________ (乡村), you can hear birds singing every morning. 5. He didn't answer my call. He ________ (可能) be busy with work then. Ⅱ. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 deer take forget surprise probable 6. My grandfather is very ________ and often loses his things. 7. She is ________ at home now, as it's getting late. 8. Some animals,such as rabbits and ________, search for food everywhere all winter. 9. I'm ________ to know that camels can live without water for a long time. 10. His mother reminded him ________ his homework to school. Ⅲ. 补全对话对应单句练习。 11. I had to wear warm clothes because it was cold.(改为同义句) It was ________ cold ________ I had to wear warm clothes. 12. It takes my mother two hours to shop every Sunday.(改为同义句) My mother ________ two hours ________ every Sunday. 13. You can't eat in the library. You can't drink in the library.(合并为一句) You can't ________ ________ ________ in the library. 14. He went to Suzhou by train last week.(改为同义句) He ________ ________ ________ to Suzhou last week. 15. You must clean your room.(改为祈使句) ________ your room. Ⅴ. 阅读理解。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 The students in the United States think that the long summer holiday can be a great time to learn or to do some new things. 16 Taking exercise After studying hard for months,you must be bored and tired. Health comes first to us. 17 You can go swimming,running and so on. Being a volunteer (志愿者) Are you thinking about helping others? The summer holiday gives you time to do something for them. 18 You can also make new friends when working as a volunteer. Reading a lot Don't let your brain (大脑) get lazy. 19 Visit the library or bookstore and find books that are interesting for you. You can learn a lot from books. Other things Think about other things you wish to do. Write a book? Study English? Get a part‑time job? 20 Now it's time to talk to your parents about your holiday plan. Then have a great summer holiday! A. You need to make your brain run. B. Helping others can make you happy. C. So taking exercise is very important. D. Make a trip to some interesting places? E. Here are some ways for you to plan an interesting summer holiday. 16. ____ 17. ____ 18. ____ 19. ____ 20. ____ Ⅵ. 任务型阅读：阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 I'm Jim. I travelled to China with my friends last week. Hong Kong is our last stop. We arrived here on Friday night,and now I'm having a lot of fun. On Saturday,we visited the top of Victoria Peak. The view (视野) from the top was incredible! I could see all of Hong Kong. There were also some nature trails (观景小路). I went with two friends to the Temple Street Night Market. The streets were full of people selling food, clothes, bags and lots of other things. I bought some souvenirs to bring home. It was really a great day! Yesterday,our group went to Disneyland ( yes, there's one here )! The park was crowded,and lines for rides were long. I waited an hour to go on Space Mountain. That was my favourite! Today is Monday, and we're going to Ocean Park to see pandas. I'm really looking forward to seeing them! We'll leave for home tomorrow night and arrive in Canada on Thursday morning. 21. When did Jim arrive in Hong Kong? He arrived here ________________. 22. Which English word in the passage means “极好的”? It's “________________”. 23. Did Jim buy anything in Hong Kong? ________________________________________________. 24. What does the underlined word “That” refer to (指的是)? It refers to ________________________________. 25. What title (标题) can you make for this passage in no more than five words using “trip, Hong Kong”? The title can be “________________________”. 核心考点过关 考点一 bored 与 boring 辨析 1. He looks ________ (bored/boring) because he has nothing to do. 2. I'm really ________ (bored/boring) with this TV show. It's so ________ (bored/boring). 3. The party was ________ (bored/boring) because there was no music. 考点二 remind 的用法 4. Her smile reminds me ________ her mother. 5. Mum always ________ (remind) us that we should clean our rooms regularly. 6. 她刚才提醒我离开前关灯。 She ________ me ________ turn off the lights before leaving just now. 考点三 forget 的用法 7. Don't forget ________ (say) “goodbye” to your teachers before you leave school for home. 8. I forgot ________ (close) the window. When I came back,it was still closed. 9.我们不应该忘记曾经给予我们帮助的人。 We ________ ________ the people who have ever helped us. 语境练词汇 1. How exciting it is to go to summer ________! Last autumn holiday, I went ________ with my friends. We ________ there for three nights and had a wonderful time. (camp) 2. During winter holiday, my classmates and I went camping in the mountains. When we sat around the campfire,a shooting star ran across the sky. We looked up in ________, shouting with joy. To our ________, there were more shooting stars. I was so ________ to see so many shooting stars. When I got back to school,I told my teacher about the shooting stars. My story ________ her. The shooting stars made this camping holiday ________! (surprise) 课文改编练词汇 feel thousand become they travel better excite metro heavy peace 17th July was our first day to visit Moscow. Everyone felt 1. ________. In the morning,we went to the Victory Museum. The Russian people built this museum to remember 2. ________ fight against the Nazis during World War Ⅱ. In one hall,I saw an artwork with 3. ________ of glass “tears” falling down. It reminds us that war is terrible and 4. ________ doesn't come easily. At noon, we had lunch at a restaurant. I ate lots of ice cream. During dinner, I didn't 5. ________ like eating because I felt sick. It rained 6. ________ last night. On the morning of 18th July,the air was fresh and cool and I felt much 7. ________. We took the Moscow Metro to 8. ________ around. To tell the truth,the 9. ________ stations are really beautiful. After that,we visited Red Square. In the afternoon,we played games with a group of Russian students at a school and soon we 10. ________ friends. Later,all of us sang and danced happily together. We had a good time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $