Unit 5 Work education（重难词汇精练）英语新教材冀教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 以"基础-语境-语篇"三级递进设计，系统强化Unit 5核心词汇的积累、应用与综合运用能力，助力语言能力与学习能力提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|汉译英（20词+14短语）、词汇拓展（12题）|聚焦单词拼写、词性转换等基础能力|从核心词汇（任务、家务等）到派生变形，构建词汇网络| |词汇语境练|单词拼写（10题）、填空（10题）、单选（10题）等|通过单句语境考查词汇辨析与固定搭配|从孤立词汇到情境应用，强化"词-句"关联| |词汇语篇练|语篇填空（2篇）、完形填空（1篇）|在篇章中综合运用词汇理解与表达|从单句应用到语篇整合，提升词汇在真实语境中的迁移能力|

Unit 5 Work education 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 【答案】 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 task n. 任务 housework n. 家务劳动 fold v. 折叠；对折 sweep v. 打扫；清扫 throw v. 扔；掷 lend v. 借给；借出 receive v. 接受；收到 refuse v. 拒绝 fair adj. 公平的 unfair adj. 不公平的 stress n. 压力 waste n. 浪费 provide v. 提供；给予 develop v. 发展；培养 independence n. 独立性 result n. 结果；后果 ill adj. 有病的；生病的 anyway adv. 而且；加之 depend v. 依靠；依赖 understand v. 理解；明白 短语 do housework 做家务 make one’s bed 铺床 fold clothes 叠衣服 take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 sweep the floor 扫地 make the bed 整理床铺 do the dishes 洗碗 get a ride 搭便车 work on 从事；处理 in order to 为了；目的是 depend on 依靠；信赖 take care of 照顾；照料 spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事 as a result 结果；因此 a waste of time 浪费时间 the more…the better… 越多…… 越好…… 2、 1. folded 2. threw 3. lent 4. unfair 5. fairness 6. development 2. independence 8. illness 9. wasteful 10. stressful 11. results 12. understood 一、 1. tasks 2. fold 3. throw 4. lend 5. unfair 2. stress 7. provide 8. depend 9. care 10. result 二、 1. do housework 2. take out the rubbish 3. do the dishes 4. make one’s/the bed 5. waste time 2. in order to 7. depend on 8. As a result 9. take care of 10. develop 三、1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. B 四、 1. do housework 2. take out the rubbish 3. depend on 4. In order to 5. As a result; take care of 五、 1. waste 2. fold 3. depend 4. provide 5. develop 一、 1. housework 2. tasks 3. stress 4. waste 5. fair 2. depend 7. provide 8. folding 9. develop 10. result 二、 1. housework 2. waste 3. depend 4. develop 5. provide 2. tasks 7. fold 8. stress 9. result 10. understand 三、 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 5 Work education 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 任务 n. 家务劳动 v. 折叠；对折 v. 打扫；清扫 v. 扔；掷 v. 借给；借出 v. 接受；收到 v. 拒绝 adj. 公平的 adj. 不公平的 n. 压力 n. 浪费 v. 提供；给予 v. 发展；培养 n. 独立性 n. 结果；后果 adj. 有病的；生病的 adv. 而且；加之 v. 依靠；依赖 v. 理解；明白 短语 做家务 铺床 叠衣服 倒垃圾 扫地 整理床铺 洗碗 搭便车 从事；处理 为了；目的是 依靠；信赖 照顾；照料 花费时间做某事 结果；因此 浪费时间 越多…… 越好…… 【答案】 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 task n. 任务 housework n. 家务劳动 fold v. 折叠；对折 sweep v. 打扫；清扫 throw v. 扔；掷 lend v. 借给；借出 receive v. 接受；收到 refuse v. 拒绝 fair adj. 公平的 unfair adj. 不公平的 stress n. 压力 waste n. 浪费 provide v. 提供；给予 develop v. 发展；培养 independence n. 独立性 result n. 结果；后果 ill adj. 有病的；生病的 anyway adv. 而且；加之 depend v. 依靠；依赖 understand v. 理解；明白 短语 do housework 做家务 make one’s bed 铺床 fold clothes 叠衣服 take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 sweep the floor 扫地 make the bed 整理床铺 do the dishes 洗碗 get a ride 搭便车 work on 从事；处理 in order to 为了；目的是 depend on 依靠；信赖 take care of 照顾；照料 spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事 as a result 结果；因此 a waste of time 浪费时间 the more…the better… 越多…… 越好…… 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. fold → __________ (过去式 / 过去分词) 折叠 2. throw → __________ (过去式) 扔；掷 3. lend → __________ (过去式) 借出 4. fair → __________ (adj. 反义词) 不公平的 5. fair → __________ (n.) 公平；公正性 6. develop → __________ (n.) 发展；培养 7. independent → __________ (n.) 独立性 8. ill → __________ (n.) 疾病 9. waste → __________ (adj.) 浪费的 10. stress → __________ (adj.) 有压力的 11. result → __________ (复数) 结果 12. understand → __________ (过去式) 理解；明白 【答案】 1. folded 2. threw 3. lent 4. unfair 5. fairness 6. development 2. independence 8. illness 9. wasteful 10. stressful 11. results 12. understood 一、单词拼写（首字母提示） 1. Our parents give us many t________ to help us learn life skills. 2. Could you please f________ your clothes and put them away? 3. Don’t t________ rubbish everywhere. It makes the room dirty. 4. Can you l________ me your new pen? I left mine at home. 5. It’s u________ for kids to do all the housework at home. 6. Too much s________ is bad for our body and mind. 7. Parents should p________ their kids with chances to do chores. 8. Kids shouldn’t d________ too much on their parents. 9. You should take c________ of yourself when your parents are away. 10. As a r________, he became more independent after doing chores. 【答案】 1. tasks 2. fold 3. throw 4. lend 5. unfair 2. stress 7. provide 8. depend 9. care 10. result 二、根据汉语提示填空 1. It’s our duty to ________ (做家务) at home. 2. Please help me ________ (倒垃圾) after dinner. 3. My brother often helps my mom ________ (洗碗) on weekends. 4. Teenagers should learn to ________ (铺床) by themselves. 5. Don’t ________ (浪费时间) playing computer games all day. 6. He gets up early ________ (为了) catch the early bus. 7. Children can’t always ________ (依靠) their parents. 8. He practises hard. ________ (结果), he makes great progress. 9. We should learn to ________ (照顾) ourselves. 10. Doing chores helps to ________ (培养) children’s independence. 【答案】 1. do housework 2. take out the rubbish 3. do the dishes 4. make one’s/the bed 5. waste time 2. in order to 7. depend on 8. As a result 9. take care of 10. develop 三、单项选择 1. Could you please lend your story book ______ me? A. for B. to C. of D. with 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查固定动词搭配。lend sth. to sb. 意为 “把某物借给某人”。句意：你可以把你的故事书借给我吗。for、of、with 均不构成此搭配。 2. We shouldn’t depend ______ our parents all the time. A. on B. for C. to D. with 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查介词固定搭配。depend on 为固定短语，含义是 “依靠；依赖”。句意：我们不应该一直依赖父母。 3. Doing chores helps to develop children’s ______. A. independent B. independence C. independently D. depends 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查名词用法。名词 independence 作 develop 的宾语，意为 “独立性”。independent 形容词；independently 副词；depends 动词三单。句意：做家务有助于培养孩子的独立性。 4. He spends two hours ______ housework every weekend. A. do B. of C. doing D. to do 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查固定短语。spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”。句意：每周末他花两个小时做家务。 5. You need to take good care ______ yourself when you are alone at home. A. about B. in C. of D. to 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查形容词介词搭配。take care of 表示 “照顾；照料”。句意：当你独自在家时你需要好好照顾自己。 6. He worked hard ______ get good grades in the coming test. A. for B. in order to C. with D. about 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查目的短语。in order to + 动词原形，表目的 “为了”。句意：他努力学习，为了在即将到来的考试取得好成绩。 7. It is a waste of time ______ computer games day and night. A. play B. playing C. to playing D. plays 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查固定句型。It’s a waste of time doing sth.“做某事是浪费时间”。句意：日夜玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。 8. Our school provides students ______ many kinds of after‑school activities. A. with B. on C. in D. for 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查动词固定搭配。provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”。句意：我们学校为学生提供多种多样课外活动。 9. Could you please ______ the floor after dinner? A. sweep B. sweeping C. to sweep D. sweeps 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查情态动词用法。Could you please 后接动词原形。句意：晚饭后可以请你扫一下地吗。 10. The ______ chores you do, the ______ independent you will become. A. much; more B. more; more C. few; many D. many; few 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查比较级固定句型。the + 比较级，the + 比较级 “越…… 越……”。句意：你做的家务越多，你将会变得越独立。 四、完成句子 1. 我们在家应当帮助父母做家务。 We should help our parents ________ ________ at home. 2. 请你饭后帮我倒垃圾好吗？ Could you please help me ________ ________ ________ ________ after dinner? 3. 青少年不应该总是依靠他们的父母。 Teenagers shouldn’t ________ ________ their parents all the time. 4. 为了培养独立性，孩子们需要学会做一些家务。 ________ ________ ________ develop independence, kids need to learn to do some chores. 5. 结果，他学会照顾自己。 ________ ________ ________, he learns to ________ ________ ________ himself. 【答案】 1. do housework 2. take out the rubbish 3. depend on 4. In order to 5. As a result; take care of 五、选词填空 fold, provide, depend, waste, develop 1. Don’t ________ time on meaningless things. 2. Please ________ your clothes and keep your room tidy. 3. Kids should not ________ too much on their parents. 4. The school will ________ us with many useful chances. 5. Doing chores can help us ________ our life skills. 【答案】1. waste 2. fold 3. depend 4. provide 5. develop 一、用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。有两个词为多余项。task, fold, waste, provide, stress, depend, fair, develop, housework, result, ill, understand Many parents think doing 1.________ is just parents’ job. They give kids lots of study 2.________ and much study 3.__________. They think housework is a 4.__________ of kids’ time. But it is not 5.__________. Kids shouldn’t 6._________ on parents all the time. Schools and parents should 7.________ kids with chances to do chores. When kids do chores such as 8.________ clothes or taking out rubbish, they can 9.________ their independence. As a 10.________, they can take good care of themselves. 【参考答案】 1. housework 2. tasks 3. stress 4. waste 5. fair 2. depend 7. provide 8. folding 9. develop 10. result 【详解】 1. housework 解析：housework 不可数名词，do housework 做家务。句意：很多家长认为做家务只是父母的工作。 2. tasks 解析：lots of 后接可数名词复数 tasks “任务”。句意：他们给孩子大量学习任务。 3. stress 解析：much 修饰不可数名词 stress “压力”。句意：以及很大的学习压力。 4. waste 解析：a waste of time 固定搭配 “浪费时间”。句意：他们认为家务是浪费孩子的时间。 5. fair 解析：be 动词后接形容词 fair “公平的”。句意：但这并不公平。 6. depend 解析：should 后接动词原形；depend on “依靠”。句意：孩子不应该一直依靠父母。 7. provide 解析：should 后接动词原形；provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”。句意：学校和家长应当给孩子提供做家务的机会。 8. folding 解析：such as 介词短语后面接动名词，fold clothes “叠衣服”。句意：当孩子做家务，例如叠衣服或者倒垃圾…… 9. develop 解析：can 情态动词后接动词原形 develop“培养；发展”。句意：他们可以培养独立性。 10. result 解析：as a result 固定短语 “结果”。句意：结果，他们可以照顾好自己。 多余词汇：ill, understand 二、首字母填空 Many teenagers hate doing h 1.________ at home. They think it is a w 2.________ of their time. They d 3.________ too much on their parents. But it is good for kids to do chores. It can help d 4.________ their independence. Parents should p 5.________ kids with some simple t 6.__________. Kids can f 7._________ clothes, sweep the floor or do the dishes. Don’t give kids too much s 8. __________. As a r 9. ___________, kids will u 10.________ the importance of life‑skills. 【答案】 1. housework 2. waste 3. depend 4. develop 5. provide 2. tasks 7. fold 8. stress 9. result 10. understand 三、完形填空 Doing housework is important for teenagers. Some teenagers think housework is parents’ job, so they never do 1______ chores at home. They always 2______ on their parents for everything. Li Hua is a 14‑year‑old boy. He used to hate housework. He thought it was 3______ of time. His mom was ill one week. No one could help him 4______ the housework. He didn’t know how to fold clothes 5______ do the dishes. He realized he was too dependent. His mom told him, “Chores can help you 6______ your independence. We can’t look after you forever. You need to learn to take care 7______ yourself.” From then on, Li Hua began to do simple chores. His parents 8______ him with more chances to practise. The 9______ chores he does, the more independent he becomes. 10______ a result, he learns many useful life skills. 1. A. some B. any C. much D. little 2. A. depend B. throw C. lend D. refuse 3. A. fair B. unfair C. waste D. a waste 4. A. to B. for C. with D. of 5. A. and B. but C. so D. or 6. A. developing B. develop C. developed D. develops 7. A. for B. of C. to D. about 8. A. provide B. provides C. provided D. will provide 9. A. many B. much C. more D. most 10. A. As B. For C. In D. To 【参考答案】1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.A 【解析】 1. 答案 B 解析：否定句使用 any 修饰可数名词复数 chores。句意：一些青少年认为家务是父母的工作，所以在家从来不做任何家务。 2. 答案 A 解析：考查动词固定搭配 depend on“依靠，依赖”。句意：每件事他们总是依赖父母。 3. 答案 D 解析：a waste of time 固定搭配 “浪费时间”。句意：他过去认为做家务是浪费时间。 4. 答案 C 解析：help sb. with sth.“在某事方面帮助某人”。句意：没有人可以帮他做家务。 5. 答案 D 解析：否定句并列使用 or。句意：他不知道怎样叠衣服或者洗碗。 6. 答案 B 解析：help sb. (to) do sth.，to 可以省略，后接动词原形 develop。句意：家务可以帮你培养独立性。 7. 答案 B 解析：固定短语 take care of oneself “照顾自己”。句意：你需要学会照顾你自己。 8. 答案 C 解析：整篇为过去叙事，使用一般过去时 provided。句意：他的父母给他更多练习的机会。 9. 答案 C 解析：the + 比较级，the + 比较级句型，the more…the more…“越…… 越……”。句意：他做的家务越多，他就变得越独立。 10. 答案 A 解析：as a result 固定短语 “结果”。句意：结果，他学会很多有用的生活技能。 $Unit 5 Work education 词汇专项过关 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n. 任务 n. 家务劳动 v. 折叠；对折 v. 打扫；清扫 v. 扔；掷 v. 借给；借出 v. 接受；收到 v. 拒绝 adj. 公平的 adj. 不公平的 n. 压力 n. 浪费 v. 提供；给予 v. 发展；培养 n. 独立性 n. 结果；后果 adj. 有病的；生病的 adv. 而且；加之 v. 依靠；依赖 v. 理解；明白 短语 做家务 铺床 叠衣服 倒垃圾 扫地 整理床铺 洗碗 搭便车 从事；处理 为了；目的是 依靠；信赖 照顾；照料 花费时间做某事 结果；因此 浪费时间 越多…… 越好…… 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. fold → __________ (过去式 / 过去分词) 折叠 2. throw → __________ (过去式) 扔；掷 3. lend → __________ (过去式) 借出 4. fair → __________ (adj. 反义词) 不公平的 5. fair → __________ (n.) 公平；公正性 6. develop → __________ (n.) 发展；培养 7. independent → __________ (n.) 独立性 8. ill → __________ (n.) 疾病 9. waste → __________ (adj.) 浪费的 10. stress → __________ (adj.) 有压力的 11. result → __________ (复数) 结果 12. understand → __________ (过去式) 理解；明白 一、单词拼写（首字母提示） 1. Our parents give us many t________ to help us learn life skills. 2. Could you please f________ your clothes and put them away? 3. Don’t t________ rubbish everywhere. It makes the room dirty. 4. Can you l________ me your new pen? I left mine at home. 5. It’s u________ for kids to do all the housework at home. 6. Too much s________ is bad for our body and mind. 7. Parents should p________ their kids with chances to do chores. 8. Kids shouldn’t d________ too much on their parents. 9. You should take c________ of yourself when your parents are away. 10. As a r________, he became more independent after doing chores. 二、根据汉语提示填空 1. It’s our duty to ________ (做家务) at home. 2. Please help me ________ (倒垃圾) after dinner. 3. My brother often helps my mom ________ (洗碗) on weekends. 4. Teenagers should learn to ________ (铺床) by themselves. 5. Don’t ________ (浪费时间) playing computer games all day. 6. He gets up early ________ (为了) catch the early bus. 7. Children can’t always ________ (依靠) their parents. 8. He practises hard. ________ (结果), he makes great progress. 9. We should learn to ________ (照顾) ourselves. 10. Doing chores helps to ________ (培养) children’s independence. 三、单项选择 1. Could you please lend your story book ______ me? A. for B. to C. of D. with 2. We shouldn’t depend ______ our parents all the time. A. on B. for C. to D. with 3. Doing chores helps to develop children’s ______. A. independent B. independence C. independently D. depends 4. He spends two hours ______ housework every weekend. A. do B. of C. doing D. to do 5. You need to take good care ______ yourself when you are alone at home. A. about B. in C. of D. to 6. He worked hard ______ get good grades in the coming test. A. for B. in order to C. with D. about 7. It is a waste of time ______ computer games day and night. A. play B. playing C. to playing D. plays 8. Our school provides students ______ many kinds of after‑school activities. A. with B. on C. in D. for 9. Could you please ______ the floor after dinner? A. sweep B. sweeping C. to sweep D. sweeps 10. The ______ chores you do, the ______ independent you will become. A. much; more B. more; more C. few; many D. many; few 四、完成句子 1. 我们在家应当帮助父母做家务。 We should help our parents ________ ________ at home. 2. 请你饭后帮我倒垃圾好吗？ Could you please help me ________ ________ ________ ________ after dinner? 3. 青少年不应该总是依靠他们的父母。 Teenagers shouldn’t ________ ________ their parents all the time. 4. 为了培养独立性，孩子们需要学会做一些家务。 ________ ________ ________ develop independence, kids need to learn to do some chores. 5. 结果，他学会照顾自己。 ________ ________ ________, he learns to ________ ________ ________ himself. 五、选词填空 fold, provide, depend, waste, develop 1. Don’t ________ time on meaningless things. 2. Please ________ your clothes and keep your room tidy. 3. Kids should not ________ too much on their parents. 4. The school will ________ us with many useful chances. 5. Doing chores can help us ________ our life skills. 一、用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。有两个词为多余项。task, fold, waste, provide, stress, depend, fair, develop, housework, result, ill, understand Many parents think doing 1.________ is just parents’ job. They give kids lots of study 2.________ and much study 3.__________. They think housework is a 4.__________ of kids’ time. But it is not 5.__________. Kids shouldn’t 6._________ on parents all the time. Schools and parents should 7.________ kids with chances to do chores. When kids do chores such as 8.________ clothes or taking out rubbish, they can 9.________ their independence. As a 10.________, they can take good care of themselves. 二、首字母填空 Many teenagers hate doing h 1.________ at home. They think it is a w 2.________ of their time. They d 3.________ too much on their parents. But it is good for kids to do chores. It can help d 4.________ their independence. Parents should p 5.________ kids with some simple t 6.__________. Kids can f 7._________ clothes, sweep the floor or do the dishes. Don’t give kids too much s 8. __________. As a r 9. ___________, kids will u 10.________ the importance of life‑skills. 三、完形填空 Doing housework is important for teenagers. Some teenagers think housework is parents’ job, so they never do 1______ chores at home. They always 2______ on their parents for everything. Li Hua is a 14‑year‑old boy. He used to hate housework. He thought it was 3______ of time. His mom was ill one week. No one could help him 4______ the housework. He didn’t know how to fold clothes 5______ do the dishes. He realized he was too dependent. His mom told him, “Chores can help you 6______ your independence. We can’t look after you forever. You need to learn to take care 7______ yourself.” From then on, Li Hua began to do simple chores. His parents 8______ him with more chances to practise. The 9______ chores he does, the more independent he becomes. 10______ a result, he learns many useful life skills. 1. A. some B. any C. much D. little 2. A. depend B. throw C. lend D. refuse 3. A. fair B. unfair C. waste D. a waste 4. A. to B. for C. with D. of 5. A. and B. but C. so D. or 6. A. developing B. develop C. developed D. develops 7. A. for B. of C. to D. about 8. A. provide B. provides C. provided D. will provide 9. A. many B. much C. more D. most 10. A. As B. For C. In D. To $